U.S. patent application number 14/745949 was filed with the patent office on 2016-06-09 for suppressors and their methods of manufacture.
The applicant listed for this patent is Bert John WILSON. Invention is credited to Bert John WILSON.
Application Number | 20160161203 14/745949 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 56096412 |
Filed Date | 2016-06-09 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160161203 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
WILSON; Bert John |
June 9, 2016 |
SUPPRESSORS AND THEIR METHODS OF MANUFACTURE
Abstract
A suppressor having a body and a first connector half coupled to
the body, wherein the first connector half includes a first
component that includes at least one channel and a first surface;
and wherein the body provides a second surface, wherein a gap
between the first surface and the second surface defines at least
one track; wherein the gun includes a second connector half
comprising at least one protrusion, wherein the protrusion and
channel have corresponding shapes that allow the protrusion to be
inserted through the channel and into alignment with the track,
wherein the first component may be rotated with respect to the
protrusion and the body to bring the protrusion out of alignment
with the channel so that the first and second surfaces clamp the
protrusion to thereby secure the first connector half and second
connector half with respect to each other.
Inventors: |
WILSON; Bert John;
(Tauranga, NZ) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
WILSON; Bert John |
Tauranga |
|
NZ |
|
|
Family ID: |
56096412 |
Appl. No.: |
14/745949 |
Filed: |
June 22, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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14138441 |
Dec 23, 2013 |
9102010 |
|
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14745949 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
89/14.3 ;
89/14.4 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B23K 35/325 20130101;
B23K 35/0255 20130101; B23K 35/3046 20130101; F41A 21/36 20130101;
F41A 21/30 20130101; B23K 35/304 20130101; B23K 35/0244 20130101;
B23K 35/30 20130101; B23K 35/0272 20130101; B23K 35/3033 20130101;
B23K 35/0238 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F41A 21/30 20060101
F41A021/30; F41A 21/36 20060101 F41A021/36 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 21, 2012 |
NZ |
605144 |
Oct 22, 2013 |
NZ |
616919 |
Jun 20, 2014 |
NZ |
626531 |
Sep 11, 2014 |
NZ |
630977 |
Claims
1. A system to reduce the noise created on firing a gun, the system
comprising a suppressor having a body and a first connector half
coupled to the body, wherein the first connector half comprises a
first component that includes at least one channel and a first
surface; and wherein the body provides a second surface, and
wherein a gap between the first surface and the second surface
defines at least one track; wherein the gun includes a second
connector half comprising at least one protrusion, wherein the
protrusion and channel have corresponding shapes that allow the
protrusion to be inserted through the channel and into alignment
with the track, and wherein the first component may be rotated with
respect to the protrusion and the body so as to bring the
protrusion out of alignment with the channel so that the first and
second surfaces clamp the protrusion to thereby secure the first
connector half and second connector half with respect to each
other.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second connector
half is a muzzle brake secured to a gun barrel.
3. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the muzzle brake is
releasably secured to a barrel of the gun.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1, including a locking mechanism
configured to prevent rotation of the first component with respect
to the protrusion.
5. The system as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the locking
mechanism is a ratchet locking mechanism comprising at least one
ratchet member and at least one ratchet tooth.
6. The system as claimed in claim 5, including a disengagement
mechanism configured to move the at least one ratchet member to a
release position.
7. The system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the disengagement
mechanism comprises a ring having at least one protrusion
configured to abut the ratchet member on rotation of the ring to
thereby move the ratchet member to the release position.
8. The system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the disengagement
mechanism is at least one engagement point that enables pressure to
be applied to the at least one ratchet member to thereby move at
least one ratchet member to a release position.
9. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first component
and the second component have complementary screw threads
configured to engage each other to thereby attach the first and
second components to each other.
10. The system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the first component
includes a pair of intertwined screw threads, and the second
component includes a pair of intertwined screw threads, and wherein
the pairs of intertwined screw threads in use interact with each
other to secure the first and second component together.
11. The system as claimed in claim 10, wherein the pair of
intertwined screw threads of the first component are a double
helix.
12. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first surface and
the second surface are shaped and orientated with respect to each
other so that rotation of the first component through 45-180
degrees will ensure that a sufficient portion of the protrusion
extends into the track for the first and second surfaces to provide
a clamping action.
13. The system as claim in claim 12, wherein the first surface and
the second surface are shaped and orientated with respect to each
other so that rotation of the first component through 60 degrees
ensures that at a sufficient portion of the protrusion extends into
the track for the first and second surfaces to provide a clamping
action.
14. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protrusion
includes a forward face and a rear face, and wherein at least the
rear face is orientated at an angle with respect to the
longitudinal axis of the first connector half.
15. The system as claimed in claim 14, wherein the first surface is
shaped and orientated at an angle with respect to the longitudinal
axis of the second connector half, and wherein the angle of the
first surface corresponds to the angle of the rear face of the
protrusion.
16. A suppressor for use in reducing the noise created on firing a
gun the suppressor having a body and a first connector half coupled
to the body, wherein the first connector half comprises a first
component that includes at least one channel and a first surface;
and wherein the body provides a second surface, and wherein a gap
between the first surface and the second surface defines at least
one track; wherein in use a protrusion on a gun can be inserted
through the channel and into alignment with the track, and wherein
the first component may be rotated with respect to the protrusion
and the body to bring the protrusion out of alignment with the
channel so that the first and second surfaces clamp the protrusion
to thereby secure the first connector half and second connector
half with respect to each other.
17. The suppressor as claimed in claim 16, including a locking
mechanism configured to prevent rotation of the first component
with respect to a protrusion disposed in the track.
18. The suppressor as claimed in claim 17, wherein in the locking
mechanism is a ratchet locking mechanism comprising at least one
ratchet member and at least one ratchet tooth.
19. The suppressor as claimed in claim 18, including a
disengagement mechanism configured to move the at least one ratchet
member to a release position.
20. The suppressor as claimed in claim 19, wherein the
disengagement mechanism comprises a ring having at least one
protrusion configured to abut the ratchet member on rotation of the
ring to thereby move the ratchet member to the release
position.
21. The suppressor as claimed in claim 19, wherein the
disengagement mechanism is at least one engagement point that
enables pressure to be applied to the at least one ratchet member
to thereby move at least one ratchet member to a release
position.
22. The suppressor as claimed in claim 15, wherein the first
component and the second component have complementary screw threads
configured to engage each other to thereby attach the first and
second components to each other.
23. The suppressor as claimed in claim 15, wherein the first
component includes a pair of intertwined screw threads, and the
second component includes a pair of intertwined screw threads, and
wherein the pairs of intertwined screw threads in use interact with
each other to secure the first and second component together.
24. The suppressor as claimed in claim 23, wherein the pair of
intertwined screw threads of the first component are a double
helix.
25. The suppressor as claimed in claim 15, wherein the first
surface and the second surface are shaped and orientated with
respect to each other so that rotation of the first component
through 45-180 degrees will ensure that a sufficient portion of the
protrusion extends into the track for the first and second surfaces
to provide a clamping action.
26. The suppressor as claim in claim 25, wherein the first surface
and the second surface are shaped and orientated with respect to
each other so that rotation of the first component through 60
degrees ensures that at a sufficient portion of the protrusion
extends into the track for the first and second surfaces to provide
a clamping action.
27. The suppressor as claimed in claim 15, wherein the protrusion
includes a forward face and a rear face, and wherein at least the
rear face is orientated at an angle with respect to the
longitudinal axis of the first connector half.
28. The suppressor as claimed in claim 27, wherein the first
surface is shaped and orientated at an angle with respect to the
longitudinal axis of the second connector half, and wherein the
angle of the first surface corresponds to the angle of the rear
face of the protrusion.
Description
[0001] This application is a Continuation in Part of U.S.
application Ser. No. 14/138,441 which claims convention priority to
New Zealand Patent Application Nos. 605144 and 616919. In addition,
this application also claims convention priority to New Zealand
Patent Application Nos. 626531 and 630977. The entire contents of
the specifications filed in support of those applications are
incorporated herein by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present invention relates to improvements to suppressors
and their methods of manufacture.
BACKGROUND ART
[0003] The weapons called guns use the expansion of a gas to propel
a projectile. The gas can take several forms, such as compressed
air stored in a canister attached to the gun. Alternatively, fire
arms are a sub-type of gun, and use the expansion of a gas created
by combustion to propel a projectile.
[0004] A combustible material such as gun powder is stored within
the projectile cartridge. A firing mechanism in the gun is used to
ignite the combustible material. The combustion process creates the
gas.
[0005] The heat of combustion increases the temperature of the gas,
which causes it to expand to an area of lower pressure. The primary
exit from the gun is through the open end of the gun barrel. As a
result, the gas expands towards the open end of the gun barrel.
That expansion is transferred to the projectile, propelling it out
from the gun barrel.
[0006] The creation and expansion of the gas is a fast process.
Accordingly, the projectile exits the gun barrel at high speed.
[0007] The generation and expansion of the gas also creates
significant noise in the form of a blast wave.
[0008] That blast wave is undesirable for a number of reasons.
Firstly, the blast wave creates a loud noise, which can damage a
person's ears. Repeated exposure to blast waves will result in
hearing loss. Secondly, the noise of the blast wave makes the use
of guns unpleasant. That may be relevant where people use guns for
recreational purposes such as target shooting. Thirdly, the blast
wave can create a safety hazard. For instance, police may use guns
around volatile gases such as those present in meth labs, or the
flash and noise may attract enemy fire.
[0009] Devices called suppressors or silencers are used to control
the gas expansion and thereby minimise the adverse effects it
creates.
[0010] One common type of suppressor is a device which is
configured to be attached to the end of a gun barrel. These devices
include an inlet and an outlet, and a connecting passageway. In-use
a projectile fired by the gun passes through the inlet, along the
passageway, exiting the suppressor via the outlet.
[0011] These suppressors include a series of internal baffles which
define chambers within the suppressor. The gas generated during
firing of the projectile is able to expand into the chambers. The
chambers are arranged such that a first chamber is comparatively
larger than the volume of the gun barrel. Accordingly, the first
chamber provides a large volume into which the gas may expand. The
gas can subsequently expand into adjacent chambers in the
suppressor. Together, the chambers facilitate a gradual expansion
of the gas. As a result, the expansion of the gas is slower than
were the suppressor not used, which minimises the noise created by
the blast wave.
[0012] There are numerous arrangements for baffle structures and
configurations in gun suppressors. Many of these are successful in
reducing the noise on firing of a gun. However, no known suppressor
yet completely removes all noise created on firing of a gun. As a
result, it would be advantageous to have a gun suppressor having a
baffle structure which may further reduce the noise created on
firing of a gun in comparison to existing suppressors.
[0013] In addition, it would be advantageous to have a suppressor
having a baffle design which may be more suited for use with
certain types of guns and/or which takes into account variations
such as caliber size, bullet type, firing mechanism and gas
expansion.
[0014] There are a number of different techniques known to
construct suppressors. The most common technique is deforming
sections of a rigid sheet material, and securing these together via
welding. Alternatively components can be formed by machining of
materials to form components that are then connected together by
welding or fastening with threaded connectors. These techniques are
often used to form the main (outer body) of the suppressor.
[0015] In yet another common manufacturing method a main, hollow
body is first formed. Baffles are subsequently secured to the body
using techniques such as welding, or using spacers and threaded
retainers.
[0016] Another technique involves forming, casting or machining a
mono-core baffle structure. This is subsequently secured within a
hollow outer body.
[0017] However, all of the known techniques for manufacturing
suppressors have disadvantages.
[0018] For instance, it is difficult to accurately position and
weld baffles inside the main body of the suppressor. Even if a
person has sufficient skill to secure the baffles in position then
it is a time consuming and costly process.
[0019] Often, baffles are incorrectly positioned when assembled.
This can lead to problems such as ineffective suppression of noise
generated by the blast wave. Even worse, incorrect positioning of
baffles can lead to baffle strike, where a projectile contacts the
baffle. This is a health and safety issue and can injure the person
using the gun as it would cause the projectile to travel in an
unintended direction. It will also damage the suppressor and make
it unusable.
[0020] In addition suppressors made as described above may not be
sufficiently durable to withstand the common forces experienced in
use. The weight of the various components may also increase the
weight of the suppressor, hindering its ease of use.
[0021] Newly developed manufacturing techniques provide
opportunities for manufacturing of suppressors. For instance,
selective metal melting ("SMM"), and laser metal sintering ("LMS")
which is a sub-type of SMM, are three dimensional printing
technique that can be used to manufacture different types of
products, from a metal powder feed material
[0022] Both of SMM and LMS are additive layer manufacturing
processes, that utilise a manufacturing apparatus to convert
computer generated (CAD) models into three dimensional products. A
metal powder is distributed onto a substrate/support, and a laser
is directed onto at least a portion of the layer of powder. The
laser heats the powder so as to fuse selected individual particles
together to form a portion of the product.
[0023] The laser is then disengaged and a wiper is used to deposit
another layer of metal powder. The laser is then again used to heat
selected powder particles and fuse those together. The process is
repeated to substantially create the required product. LMS
techniques have been used to manufacture components of suppressors.
For instance, LMS has been used to construct baffles for a
suppressor. In that situation, the baffles were secured to a spine.
The spine and baffles were subsequently secured within a housing,
and the housing was closed by attachment of end walls using
techniques like welding. However, those products are limited
because the individual components must subsequently be assembled.
Therefore, the prior art has not maximised the efficiency of the
manufacturing process.
[0024] In addition, the outer housing in which the spine/baffle
structure was secured was not manufactured using LMS techniques.
This indicates that manufacturing both the housing and internal
baffles using LMS techniques was a difficult process, and not one
which was easily achieved.
[0025] It is also possible that the baffles will not provide a
complete seal to create appropriate cavities within the housing. As
a result, the suppressors manufactured using these methods may not
adequately control expansion of gases within the suppressor. As a
result, those products are unlikely to function as an effective
suppressor.
[0026] Furthermore, the creation of a spine involves redundant
material. Therefore, the suppressors manufactured using LMS to
produce separate components are unduly heavy. As a result they do
not provide a completely satisfactory solution to the needs for
manufacturing suppressors. Additive layer manufacturing processes,
and particularly LMS, have a number of inherent issues which have
inhibited their successful use in manufacturing of products such as
suppressors.
[0027] In developing a method of manufacturing a suppressor, the
inventor encountered several problems. For instance, the powdered
material deposited must be supported before it is fused. The
necessary supporting must be provided by the layer of material
which has previously been fused. Insufficient support will likely
result in the build failing. These problems are most relevant where
a structure is being created that is not parallel to the build
direction. This is a significant limitation on the design of
products which can be manufactured using LMS technology.
[0028] Other problems include the creation of heat stress in the
suppressor during melting of the deposited layers. These stresses
create problems such as warping of the components of the
suppressors, which meant hindered successful creation of a
suppressor using LMS technology. This may be due to different
components of the suppressor having different thicknesses, which
means that the components react differently to the heat applied to
fuse the deposited powdered material. This is a particular relevant
in manufacturing suppressors, which are looking to maximise cavity
volume, have sufficient strength to withstand the force of
expanding gases, and minimise the suppressors total volume.
[0029] The inventor investigated existing applications in which LMS
techniques have been utilised to produce complex products having a
substantially closed internal cavity, and internal structures
within the cavity, so as to assist in developing a suppressor
design using LMS techniques. However, the issues of providing
sufficient support for a layer of deposited material prior to
fusing still required significant effort and inventive contribution
to solve in the particular application of suppressors.
[0030] For instance, PCT Publication No. WO 2008/118973 describes
how to manufacture a product having an internal baffle or
structure. That product must be built from one of the four corners
of the housing and having the housing at a 45.degree. angle to the
horizontal. That limits the orientation of the components that can
be constructed inside the housing. In fact, the manufacturing
techniques described in PCT Publication No. WO 2008/118973 would
not enable construction of a suppressor having function baffles
therein.
[0031] Accordingly, in light of the foregoing it would be
advantageous to have an improved suppressor, and method of
manufacture, which addresses any or all of the foregoing
problems.
[0032] There are a number of ways that suppressors can be secured
to the gun barrel. A first attachment mechanism involves
corresponding screw threads on the suppressor and gun barrels.
Rotation of the gun and suppressor with respect to each other
causes the screw threads to engage so as to secure them together.
Generally, one of the gun or barrel will need to go through at
least three complete rotations (at least 1080.degree.) to secure or
release the two objects. Many gun users find that frustrating or
cumbersome.
[0033] Furthermore, screw thread fasteners suffer from a number of
inherent problems. For instance, insufficient rotation of the screw
threads can lead to misalignment of the gun barrel and suppressor.
This can to lead to baffle-strike which poses a health and safety
risk. Even if baffle-strike does not occur, then misalignment of
the suppressor can adversely affect accuracy of use of the gun.
[0034] Quick connect or quick attach assemblies are known to
releasably secure suppressors to gun barrels. These aim to provide
a comparatively quicker connection mechanism which does not require
multiple complete rotations of the gun and/or suppressor with
respect to each other.
[0035] Some common quick connect mechanisms utilise corresponding
screw threads on the gun and suppressor. Alternatively, a screw
thread may be positioned on a muzzle brake, which itself is
releasably attachable to a gun barrel. The screw threads generally
have a larger pitch, meaning that fewer rotations are required to
secure the two components together.
[0036] However, this solution is still susceptible to misalignment
and the inherent problems discussed above.
[0037] Another type of quick connect system involves a gate or
latch slidingly mounted to a suppressor body. The gate includes
channels, which receive protrusions on a muzzle brake or gun
barrel. However, this system is not particularly robust and can be
easily damaged. In addition, the gate is an "external" component,
which increases the chance of damage.
[0038] Furthermore, many users of suppressors find the action of
moving the gate unsatisfactory and prefer to use a rotational
movement.
[0039] Some quick connect assemblies use bayonet style connectors
on a muzzle brake, having spring biased detents. In-use, the
detents are in inserted into corresponding channels in the
suppressor. Rotation of the suppressor and/or detents with respect
to each other causes the detents to be brought out of alignment
with the channels. The biasing elements urge the detents to bear
against "stops" positioned in the channels. The interaction between
the stops and detents provides resistance to rotation of the
suppressor and detents with respect to each other, thereby securing
the gun and suppressor together.
[0040] However, the force to secure the suppressor to the gun
barrel is entirely dependent on the spring force. Therefore, these
quick connect systems may not be suitable for use in all
applications such as large caliber guns. Alternatively, a gun user
may simply not like using such an arrangement for personal
reasons.
[0041] Another form of quick connect has a non-eccentric locking
portion immovably attached to a rotatable component. To secure a
gun to a suppressor, the rotatable portion is rotated, which brings
the non-eccentric locking portion into engagement with a recess or
channel provided to a gun barrel. This arrangement provides a
clamping force. However, the non-eccentric locking portion will
apply unequal forces to the gun barrel e.g. the forces are not
equally distributed around the circumference of the gun barrel.
This may result in less than satisfactory attachment between the
gun and suppressor.
[0042] Many quick connect systems are prone to leaking between the
suppressor and the gun barrel. This can result in "blow back" of
gases from the suppressor towards the gun and user. The blow back
can produce noise which decreases the effectiveness of the
suppressor and somewhat defeating the point of its use. In
addition, the blow back can damage the gun and/or barrel.
[0043] As a result, it would be an advantage to have an alternative
quick connect assembly for use in securing suppressors to a gun,
and which addresses any or all of the foregoing problems.
[0044] Alternatively, it would be advantageous to have a quick
connect arrangement which reduces the degrees of rotation required
to secure a gun and suppressor together or release them from each
other.
[0045] In addition, it would be advantageous to have a quick
connect assembly which secures a gun and suppressor together and
which may reduce the occurrence of misalignment or
baffle-strike.
[0046] Alternatively, it would be an advantage to have a quick
connect assembly which reduces or eliminates blow back on firing of
a gun and/or damage which may be caused by same.
[0047] Alternatively, it is an object of the present invention to
address the foregoing problems or at least to provide the public
with a useful choice.
[0048] All references, including any patents or patent applications
cited in this specification are hereby incorporated by reference.
No admission is made that any reference constitutes prior art. The
discussion of the references states what their authors assert, and
the applicants reserve the right to challenge the accuracy and
pertinency of the cited documents. It will be clearly understood
that, although a number of prior art publications are referred to
herein, this reference does not constitute an admission that any of
these documents form part of the common general knowledge in the
art, in New Zealand or in any other country.
[0049] Throughout this specification, the word "comprise", or
variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be
understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer or
step, or group of elements integers or steps, but not the exclusion
of any other element, integer or step, or group of elements,
integers or steps.
[0050] Further aspects and advantages of the present invention will
become apparent from the ensuing description which is given by way
of example only.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
[0051] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a method of manufacturing a suppressor having a housing
with a cavity, and at least one component within the cavity,
wherein the method uses a selective metal melting technique,
the method including the steps of: [0052] (a) depositing a feed
material onto a substrate; [0053] (b) melting the feed material to
form part of the housing; [0054] (c) melting the feed material to
form part of the at least one component so that at least a portion
of the component is formed integrally to an inner wall of the
housing; [0055] (d) repeating steps (a)-(c) so as to substantially
form the housing and the at least one component; [0056] (e)
determining an angle between an underside of the at least one
component and a surface of a wall inside the housing to be at least
10.degree., and more preferably in the range of 15.degree. to
85.degree..
[0057] According to another aspect of the present invention, there
is provided a suppressor manufactured according to the method as
substantially described above.
[0058] According to another aspect of the present invention, there
is provided a suppressor manufactured using a selective metal
melting technique, the suppressor including
a housing with a cavity, at least one component within the cavity,
wherein at least a portion of the component is formed integrally to
an inner surface of the housing, and wherein an angle between an
underside of the component and a wall inside the housing is at
least 10.degree., and more preferably in the range of 15.degree. to
85.degree..
[0059] The present specification describes a number of inventions
relating to the use of additive layer manufacturing techniques such
as selective metal melting ("SMM").
[0060] In preferred embodiments, the method according to the
present invention uses a SMM technique such as laser metal
sintering (LMS).
[0061] Throughout the present specification references to the term
"laser metal sintering" should be understood as meaning a
deposition manufacturing technique in which layers of feed material
are heated to cause selective fusing between sections of the
layers. In LMS the heat necessary to melt the feed material is
applied using a laser.
[0062] Reference will be made herein to the present inventions with
LMS techniques. However, this should not be seen as limiting on the
scope of the present invention. Other variants of SMM manufacturing
techniques are envisaged as being within the scope of the present
invention.
[0063] It is also envisaged that the method can use deposition
manufacturing techniques other than LMS. For instance, the forming
technique may use ion beam melting techniques, or non-metal
compounds such as plastics or resin materials.
[0064] As SMM and LMS techniques are known to those skilled in the
art they will not be described in full herein. Rather, the present
invention(s) will now be described with sufficient information for
one skilled in the art to comprehend and implement the invention(s)
without any inventive contribution and using known wisdom.
[0065] In particularly preferred embodiments, the present
inventions find application in manufacturing suppressors, and
therefore reference will be made herein as such.
[0066] In preferred embodiments the suppressor is a device that
in-use reduces the noise and/or flash created by operation of a
gun. This is as should be known to one skilled in the art.
[0067] However, the suppressor could also be used with other
devices in which noise created by gas expansion is problematic.
[0068] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"angle between a surface inside the housing and the at least
component" should be understood as referring to the angle between
an imaginary plane and the lowest point of the component. The
imaginary plane and the lowest point on the component are both
determined with reference to the build direction for the product
e.g. from the substrate used in the LMS technique.
[0069] In a preferred embodiment, the angle is selected according
to the orientation of the baffle.
[0070] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the angle is
selected from the following relationships:
TABLE-US-00001 Direction of Structure structure Example of use
Angle or Radius Size Cone Towards the Baffle in a suppressor
15.degree. to 85.degree. centerline of the product Cone Away from
the Baffle in a suppressor 45.degree. to 85.degree. for a
centerline of the component having a product length of greater than
2 mm; or under 15.degree. for a component having a length less than
2 mm Lead in angle on Not Applicable Support structures from
40.degree. or more linear support which a flat surface can be
structure created e.g. for internal compartmentalisation without a
lower contiguous start plane Overhead flat Beginning of attachment
to Must not be larger than shelves barrel or any structure 2 mm in
area from support parallel to build surface Top wall - bulk Toward
and To create a roof for the 4 mm radius radius (closes away from
suppressor and seal the cavity structure) centerline of while
reducing use of cavity product volume by structure.
[0071] Reference through the present specification may be made to
different types of components such as a radius, a cone, and a
column. These terms describe the shape of the component. The
applicant has identified that selection of the correct angle is
particularly advantageous to manufacturing components in a cavity,
particularly where temporary support structures cannot be
subsequently removed from the cavity after manufacture.
[0072] The angles are dependent on a number of factors such as the
shape of the component to be manufactured, the direction in which
the component is being manufactured with respect to the build
direction, and/or the length and width (diameter) of the component.
In addition, the thickness of the component being manufactured, and
the thickness of components on which the layers of material are
being deposited (e.g. a relative thickness of two components) may
affect angle selection.
[0073] However, one skilled in the art would be able to select the
necessary angles from those described herein without any inventive
contribution or undue experimentation.
[0074] The range of angles identified herein enables successful and
efficient manufacturing of products which have internal components
the shape and configuration of which hinder manufacturing by
LMS.
[0075] In the particularly preferred embodiment, the feed material
may be selected from the list of: titanium or a titanium alloys,
pure titanium (TI), TI6A14V, NITI(45-55NI), TI6A17 MB, TI5A12.5FE,
TI3NB13ZR, TI12MO6ZR2FE, NITICU alloys, TI15MO, TI35NB7ZR, 5TA,
TI3A1 2.5V, or Inconel 718.
[0076] However, the foregoing should not be seen as limiting on the
scope of the present invention and alternatives for the feed
material are envisaged as being within the scope of the present
invention.
[0077] For instance, the starter material may be any fine metal
powder such as cobalt and/or chrome alloy powders, or nickel-based
alloy powders.
[0078] In the preferred embodiments the housing is formed by a
first end wall, a second end wall and at least one side wall and
the at least one component within a cavity in the housing is a
baffle.
[0079] However, the foregoing should not be seen as limiting on the
scope of the present invention. For instance the present inventions
may also be useful where it is desirable to manufacture using SMM
techniques any product which has a component in a cavity, and
examples of such components are discussed below. This may be
particularly beneficial where the housing is shaped so that the
component cannot be removed from the cavity.
[0080] According to another aspect of the present invention there
is provided the use in the manufacture of a suppressor, of
selective metal melting, the suppressor including
a first end wall, a second end wall, at least one side wall between
the first and second end walls, wherein the first and at least one
side wall collectively define a cavity, at least one baffle within
the cavity.
[0081] According to another aspect of the present invention there
is provided a suppressor, including
a first end wall, a second end wall, at least one side wall
connecting the first and second end walls, wherein the end walls
and side wall(s) collectively define a cavity, at least one baffle
inside the cavity, characterised in that at least one of the
baffles inside the cavity is formed integrally to an inner surface
of the side wall(s).
[0082] According to another aspect of the present invention there
is provided a method of manufacturing a suppressor, wherein the
suppressor includes a first end wall, a second end wall, and at
least one side wall connecting the first and second end walls, and
at least one baffle that is formed integrally to an inner surface
of the at least one side wall,
wherein the method includes the steps of: [0083] (a) depositing a
starter material onto a substrate; [0084] (b) melting the starter
material to form part of the suppressor, [0085] (c) repeating steps
(a) and (b) so as to substantially form the suppressor.
[0086] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"formed integrally" should be understood as meaning that there is
no join between any two parts of a suppressor manufactured using
the method described herein.
[0087] Having two or more components formed integrally to each
other may improve the strength and durability of the
suppressor.
[0088] In addition, having the components formed integrally to each
other during manufacture may reduce the need to accurately align
numerous components and secure these together using welding or
other techniques.
[0089] It should be understood that the term "formed integrally"
excludes suppressors where components are first shaped or formed,
and then subsequently secured to each other by techniques such as
welding. In such suppressors there is a mechanical join where the
two formerly separate components are attached together. In
contrast, the present invention has no such join(s).
[0090] This also excludes the prior art attempts to use SMM to
manufacture suppressors. In those, components such as baffles were
first formed integrally to a separate spine, and then secured in a
tube to form the suppressors. They do not have the baffles formed
integrally to an inner wall of the housing.
[0091] In particularly preferred embodiments, all components of the
suppressor are formed integrally to each other. This enables the
suppressors to be substantially manufactured without any subsequent
assembly, or additional finishing.
[0092] However, the foregoing should not be seen as limiting on the
scope of the present invention and it is also envisaged that the
suppressors may be manufactured in separate components and
subsequently secured together.
[0093] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"side wall" should be understood as meaning at least one wall of
the suppressor which connects the end walls.
[0094] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the side wall may be
substantially continuous.
[0095] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"substantially continuous" refers to the fact that the side wall
does not include any apertures therein.
[0096] In these embodiments, the side wall is continuous between
the first and second end walls.
[0097] However, the foregoing should not be seen as limiting on the
scope of the present invention. It is also envisaged that the side
wall may include vents. These vents are shaped and configured so as
to vent gases expanding within the suppressor. In these
embodiments, the vents are shaped and configured so as to ensure
that the sound of gases being vented from the suppressor is reduced
from that emitted without use of the suppressor, and preferably
non-audible to humans.
[0098] In a preferred embodiment, suppressors according to the
present invention include a fastener.
[0099] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"fastener" should be understood as meaning a component configured
to secure the suppressor to a gun.
[0100] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"baffle" should be understood as meaning a wall inside the
cavity.
[0101] In preferred embodiments, the baffle is substantially cone
shaped. Accordingly, the angle at which the baffle is constructed
is selected according to the orientation of the baffle, whether
being built from inside to outside, and the angles discussed
herein.
[0102] However, the baffle may also be a flat wall or structure.
Therefore the foregoing should not be seen as limiting on the scope
of the present invention.
[0103] In a preferred embodiment, the present inventions include
two or more baffles inside the cavity.
[0104] In particularly preferred embodiments, each of the baffles
are formed integrally to an inner surface of the side wall.
[0105] Each baffle, in combination with the side wall, end wall(s),
and/or another baffle define chambers within the cavity.
[0106] In preferred embodiments the suppressors according to the
present invention include an inlet and an outlet.
[0107] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"inlet" should be understood as meaning an opening in the
suppressor through which a bullet may enter the suppressor.
[0108] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"outlet" should be understood as meaning an opening in the second
end wall through which a bullet may exit the chamber.
[0109] In preferred embodiments the inlet and outlet are aligned
with each other such that a bullet can pass through the inlet,
travel through the pathway, and exit from the cavity via the
outlet.
[0110] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"pathway" should be understood as meaning a path through which a
bullet may travel between the inlet and the outlet.
[0111] Therefore, in embodiments where the suppressor includes two
or more baffles then each of the baffles includes an aperture. The
apertures are each aligned with each other, the inlet and the
outlet.
[0112] In a particularly preferred embodiment the pathway lies
substantially along a longitudinal axis of the suppressor that is
on the centre line of the suppressor.
[0113] However, the foregoing should not be seen as limiting on the
scope of the present invention. It is also envisaged that the
pathway may be off-centre from the central longitudinal axis of the
body in order to allow a lower profile for the gun and suppressor
in use. Furthermore, this may minimize the suppressor hindering a
user's line of sight.
[0114] In an alternate embodiment the suppressors according to the
present invention are asymmetrical.
[0115] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"asymmetrical" should be understood as meaning that the suppressor
is not symmetrical about an imaginary plane extending along its
longitudinal axis and that is substantially horizontal in the
suppressor's normal in use orientation.
[0116] Having an asymmetrical suppressor enables the components of
the suppressor to be provided substantially in line with or below
the gun barrel when the suppressor is in use. As a result, this may
minimise the amount of the suppressor which is in a user's line of
sight. However, the suppressor still has sufficient baffles and
chamber volume to suppress noise produced by the gun to a desired
level.
[0117] In a preferred embodiment, suppressors according to the
present invention include a grip. Throughout the present
specification reference to the term "grip" should be understood as
meaning a component configured to facilitate attaching the
suppressor to a gun.
[0118] In a particularly preferred embodiment the grip is at least
one or more ridges on an outer surface of the body of the
suppressor. In-use the ridges facilitate a person gripping the body
so as to rotate the suppressor to thereby connect or release the
suppressor from the gun.
[0119] The ridges facilitate a person rotating the suppressor
sufficiently that it is tightly secured to the gun. In addition,
the ridges facilitate the person rotating the suppressor so as to
disengage the gun. That may be useful where a suppressor has been
tightly secured to a gun.
[0120] However, it is also envisaged that the grip may take other
forms such as a handle extending away from the body of the
suppressor. As a result, the foregoing should not be seen as
limiting on the scope of the present invention.
[0121] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the fastener may be
a fastener half forming part of a quick connect. The term "quick
connect" is a term of the art, referring to an assembly to attach
two objects together that does not require multiple rotations of
more than a nominal angle to secure the objects together. In
contrast, a standard screw thread fastener for use in a suppressor
generally requires about 15-18 full turns (15 to
18.times.360.degree.) to achieve a secure attachment.
[0122] In these embodiments, a fastener half of the quick connect
is located within the overlap channel of the fastener (as is
discussed below) e.g. the fastener half is within the length of the
suppressor. However, the fastener half could also protrude beyond
the end of the suppressor.
[0123] Other embodiments for the fastener are also envisaged. For
instance, the fastener may be a screw thread complementary to a
corresponding screw thread on a gun barrel or a fitting secured on
a gun barrel.
[0124] In these embodiments, the screw thread has a pitch and
length corresponding to a screw thread on the barrel of a gun with
which the suppressor is used. The aspects of the screw thread are
as should be understood by one skilled in the art.
[0125] The foregoing should not be seen as limiting on the scope of
the present invention. It is also envisaged that the fastener can
take other forms including twist lock type connectors, spring
biased detents, or fastening assemblies having fittings configured
to be secured over the end of a gun barrel.
[0126] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention includes a
muzzle brake.
[0127] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"muzzle brake" should be understood as meaning a component attached
or formed integrally to a gun barrel and which assists in
controlling expansion of gases generated during firing of the gun
to thereby reduce recoil. The term "muzzle brake" is as should be
understood by one skilled in the art.
[0128] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the muzzle brake is
a separate component configured to be secured to an end of a gun
with which the present invention is utilised.
[0129] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the muzzle brake
includes a fastener half that is configured to engage with a
complementary fastener half on the suppressor. The fasteners halves
together form a quick connect as discussed herein.
[0130] The inventor has identified that use of a muzzle brake is
particularly advantageous in providing further control of gas
expansion within the suppressors according to the present
invention. The present inventions facilitate provision of a muzzle
brake using LMS techniques.
[0131] However, the foregoing should not be seen as limiting on the
scope of the present invention. It is also envisaged that the
suppressor may not include a muzzle brake, or that the muzzle brake
may be formed integrally into the barrel of a gun.
[0132] Furthermore, utilising LMS manufacturing techniques it is
possible to provide a muzzle brake in combination with a fastener
half of a quick connect. Previously, it has not been possible to
utilise the combination of a muzzle brake and quick connect in
combination for reflex style suppressors. Using prior art
techniques, it was impossible to provide the muzzle brake within
reflex type suppressors. Therefore the muzzle brake would extend
from the end of the suppressor and would lengthen the suppressor
which creates different problems.
[0133] In preferred embodiments, the present invention may include
an overlap channel.
[0134] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"overlap channel" should be understood as meaning a channel
configured to receive and overlap part of a gun barrel.
[0135] Use of an overlap channel enables provision of chambers
within the suppressor which, when the suppressors are secured to a
gun, are positioned so as to overlap a portion of the length of the
gun barrel Suppressors having these channels are often called
"reflex-style" suppressors. The overlap channel is useful to reduce
the overall length of a gun and suppressor secured together. That
in turn is useful to reduce the instances of baffle strike by
providing a longer concentric mating surface to reduce potential
misalignment of the gun and suppressor.
[0136] Preventing misalignment of the gun barrel and suppressor
also helps to reduce the force which the suppressor experiences in
use, thereby reducing wear and tear or damage to the
suppressor.
[0137] Furthermore, the use of an overlap channel ensures that the
centre of gravity of a gun with a suppressor secured thereto is
closer to the gun handle. As a result, the turning moment of the
weight is reduced, making the gun and suppressor combination easier
to use.
[0138] In a preferred embodiment, the suppressor includes a double
wall structure.
[0139] Throughout the present specification reference to the term
"double wall structure" should be understood as referring to at
least an inner and an outer wall.
[0140] The outer wall provides the aesthetic appearance and
structural support for the suppressor. The inner wall is a pressure
vessel which defines chambers within which a gas can expand the
outer wall defines at least one cavity (gap) between itself and the
inner wall.
[0141] The double layer wall arrangement provides insulation to
prevent heat transfer from the chambers in which a gas expands to
the outer surface of the suppressor. Therefore, a user is less
likely to burn their hand on touching the suppressor after use. In
addition, the double layer wall helps to eliminate mirage in optics
from heat generated by use of the suppressor. Accordingly, the
utilisation of a double layer wall assists in providing a
suppressor having improved safety characteristics.
[0142] According to another aspect of the present invention, there
is provided a system to reduce the noise created on firing a gun,
the system comprising
a suppressor having a body and a first connector half coupled to
the body, wherein the first connector half comprises a first
component that includes at least one channel and a first surface;
and wherein the body provides a second surface, and wherein a gap
between the first surface and the second surface defines at least
one track; wherein the gun includes a second connector half
comprising at least one protrusion, wherein the protrusion and
channel have corresponding shapes that allow the protrusion to be
inserted through the channel and into alignment with the track, and
wherein the first component may be rotated with respect to the
protrusion and the body so as to bring the protrusion out of
alignment with the channel so that the first and second surfaces
clamp the protrusion to thereby secure the first connector half and
second connector half with respect to each other.
[0143] According to another aspect of the present invention there
is provided a gun,
wherein the gun includes at least one protrusion, wherein the at
least one protrusion has a shape corresponding to a channel in a
suppressor that allows the protrusion to be inserted through the
channel and thereby be brought into alignment with a track defined
by a first surface and a second surface.
[0144] According to another aspect of the invention there is
provided a suppressor, having a body and a first connector half
coupled to the body, wherein the first connector half comprises
a first component that includes at least one channel and a first
surface; and wherein the body provides a second surface, and
wherein a gap between the first surface and the second surface
defines at least one track; wherein in use a protrusion on a gun
can be inserted through the channel and into alignment with the
track, and wherein the first component may be rotated with respect
to the protrusion and the body to bring the protrusion out of
alignment with the channel so that the first and second surfaces
clamp the protrusion to thereby secure the first connector half and
second connector half with respect to each other.
[0145] According to another aspect of the invention there is
provided a muzzle brake for use in forming a system to reduce noise
created on firing of a gun, the muzzle brake including
a body a fastener configured to secure the muzzle brake to a gun
barrel, wherein the at least one protrusion has a shape
corresponding to a channel in a suppressor that allows the
protrusion to be inserted through the channel and thereby be
brought into alignment with a track defined by a first surface and
a second surface of the suppressor.
[0146] According to another aspect of the invention there is
provided a suppressor, including
a body formed from at least one side wall, a first end wall, and a
second end wall, wherein the first and second end walls have
aligned apertures; at least one baffle within the body, wherein the
baffle includes an aperture that lays along a path between the
aperture in the first end wall and the aperture in the second end
wall, and wherein the aperture lays on a plane that is not
perpendicular to the pathway between the first aperture and the
second aperture.
[0147] According to another aspect of the invention, there is
provided a system to reduce the noise created on firing a gun, the
system comprising
a suppressor, and a connection system to releasably secure the
suppressor to the gun, wherein the connection system comprises a
connector half that is rotatable, at least one track, and at least
one protrusion, wherein the connector half can be rotated with
respect to the gun barrel and the suppressor to insert the
protrusion into the track to secure the suppressor to the gun.
[0148] According to another aspect of the invention, there is
provided a suppressor for use in forming the system as described
herein.
[0149] According to another aspect of the invention, there is
provided an intermediate component for use in forming a system as
described herein, the intermediate component being configured to be
connected to a gun and to be engaged by a suppressor.
[0150] According to another embodiment of the invention, there is
provided an intermediate component for use in forming a system as
described herein, wherein the intermediate component is a flash
hider and/or a muzzle brake.
[0151] Reference herein to the term "connector half" should be
understood as meaning a component that can engage or otherwise
interact with another component, to facilitate forming of a system
as described herein.
[0152] In embodiments, a connector half may take various forms or
include different features. Accordingly, discussion herein should
not be seen as limiting. Different terms may be used herein to
refer to a connector half, such as for instance "first component"
or "second component" etc.
[0153] Reference may be made to locked position and release locked
position. These terms should be understood as being respectively a
position or configuration for a connector half/halves in which they
do or do not secure a suppressor to a gun respectively. In other
words, the locked position is a configuration for a connector half
in which it engages another connection half or other component of a
connection system, to secure a suppressor to a gun. The converse is
true for the release position.
[0154] Reference may be made to a quick connect, this should be
understood as meaning an assembly of components and/or system to
facilitate comparatively quick connection of a suppressor to a gun.
For instance, the quick connects may reduce the degrees through
which a component must be rotated to be secured to (and/or release
from) a gun.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0155] Further aspects of the present invention will become
apparent from the ensuing description which is given by way of
example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings in
which:
[0156] FIG. 1 is a side "look through" view of a first embodiment
of a suppressor according to one aspect of the present
invention;
[0157] FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view through section C-C in FIG.
1;
[0158] FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of another embodiment of a
suppressor according to the present invention;
[0159] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of
a suppressor according to the present invention;
[0160] FIG. 5A is a first end on perspective view of another
embodiment of a suppressor according to one embodiment of the
present invention;
[0161] FIG. 5B is a second end on perspective view of the
suppressor shown in FIG. 5A;
[0162] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5A;
[0163] FIG. 7 is a view of an LMS system for use with the present
invention;
[0164] FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the steps that can be used in
a method of manufacturing a suppressor,
[0165] FIG. 9A is a bottom perspective view of a non-symmetrical
suppressor according to another aspect of the present
invention;
[0166] FIG. 9B is an end on view of the suppressor of FIG. 9A;
[0167] FIG. 9C is a side cross sectional view of the suppressor of
FIGS. 9A and 9B;
[0168] FIG. 9D is a close up end cross sectional view of a
suppressor of FIGS. 9A-9C showing the dual wall construction;
[0169] FIG. 10A is a side view showing a muzzle brake adjacent to a
suppressor with which it is used;
[0170] FIG. 10B is a side view showing the muzzle brake and
suppressor of FIG. 10A engaged together,
[0171] FIG. 10C is a close up side view of the muzzle brake shown
in FIG. 10A;
[0172] FIG. 10D is a perspective view of the muzzle brake shown in
FIGS. 10A-C;
[0173] FIG. 10E is a second perspective view of the muzzle brake
shown in FIGS. 10A-C;
[0174] FIG. 11A is a view showing position of fastener halves of a
quick connect prior to engagement;
[0175] FIG. 11B is a view of FIG. 11A showing position of fastener
halves of a quick connect in an engaged position;
[0176] FIG. 12 is a side cross sectional view of a suppressor
design that would not successfully build using LMS techniques;
[0177] FIG. 13 is a side cross sectional view of a further
embodiment of a suppressor according to the present invention
[0178] FIG. 14A is a side view of a further embodiment of a
suppressor according to the present invention;
[0179] FIG. 14B is a side cross sectional view through section A-A
in FIG. 14A;
[0180] FIG. 14C is a side cross sectional view through section B-B
in FIG. 14A;
[0181] FIG. 14D is a cross sectional view through section C-C in
FIG. 14A;
[0182] FIG. 14E is a close up view of the detail D in FIG. 14D;
[0183] FIG. 14F is a close up view of detail E in FIG. 14C;
[0184] FIG. 15 is a side view of components of a connection system
according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0185] FIG. 16 is a side cross sectional view of FIG. 1;
[0186] FIG. 17 is a side view showing components of a connection
system according to an embodiment of the invention secured
together,
[0187] FIG. 18 is a cross sectional view of FIG. 17;
[0188] FIG. 19 is a line through section C-C shown in FIG. 18;
[0189] FIG. 20 is an end view of component of a connection system
according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0190] FIG. 21 is a view through section L-L shown in FIG. 20;
[0191] FIG. 22 is a close up view of detail M shown in 21;
[0192] FIG. 23 is a side view of FIG. 20;
[0193] FIG. 24 is a view through detail K-K shown on FIG. 23;
[0194] FIG. 25 is a view through section R-R shown in FIG. 20;
[0195] FIG. 26 is a view through section T-T shown in FIG. 25;
[0196] FIG. 27 is a close up view of detail U shown in FIG. 26;
[0197] FIG. 28 is a side view of components of a connection system
according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0198] FIG. 29 is a view through section C-C shown in FIG. 28;
[0199] FIG. 30 is a view through section F-F shown in FIG. 28;
[0200] FIG. 31 is a view through section H-H shown in FIG. 28;
[0201] FIG. 32 is a side view of components of the connection
system of FIGS. 28 to 31 secured together,
[0202] FIG. 33 is a view through section A-A shown in FIG. 32;
[0203] FIG. 34 is an end of view of FIG. 32;
[0204] FIG. 35 is a close up view of detail B shown in FIG. 33;
[0205] FIG. 36 is a view through section E-E shown in FIG. 33;
[0206] FIG. 37 is a view through section D-D shown in FIG. 33;
[0207] FIG. 38 is a view through section M-M shown in FIG. 37;
[0208] FIG. 39 is a side view of components of a connection system
according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0209] FIG. 40 is a side view of FIG. 39 showing components of the
connection system secured together,
[0210] FIG. 41 is a view through detail section B-B shown in FIG.
40;
[0211] FIG. 42 is a view through section E-E shown in FIG. 40;
[0212] FIG. 43 is a view of section J-J shown in FIG. 39;
[0213] FIG. 44 is a close up view of detail F shown in FIG. 41;
[0214] FIG. 45 is a view of the connection system shown in FIG. 39
after firing of a weapon;
[0215] FIG. 46 is a view of detail G shown in FIG. 45;
[0216] FIG. 47 is a look-through view of an embodiment of a
suppressor according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0217] FIG. 48 is a side cross sectional view through the
suppressor of FIG. 47;
[0218] FIG. 49 is a view through A-A shown on FIG. 48;
[0219] FIG. 50 is a view through section C-C shown in FIG. 47;
[0220] FIG. 51 is a view through section E-E shown in FIG. 47;
[0221] FIG. 52 is a view through section B-B shown in FIG. 47;
[0222] FIG. 53 is a view through section F-F shown in FIG. 47;
[0223] FIG. 54 is a look-through view of a suppressor according to
an embodiment of the invention;
[0224] FIG. 55 is a view of through section B-B in FIG. 47;
[0225] FIG. 56 is a view through section E-E in FIG. 47;
[0226] FIG. 57 is a side cross sectional view of the suppressor of
FIG. 47;
[0227] FIG. 58 is a view through section A-A in FIG. 57;
[0228] FIG. 59 is a view through section C-C in FIG. 58;
[0229] FIG. 60 is a view through section H-H in FIG. 57;
[0230] FIG. 61 is a view of section G in FIG. 56;
[0231] FIG. 62 is a view of section F in FIG. 57;
[0232] FIG. 63 is a side view of a gun and connection system
according to FIGS. 15 to 27;
[0233] FIG. 64 is a close up perspective view of a section of FIG.
63;
[0234] FIG. 65 is a side view of part of an alternate connection
system according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0235] FIG. 66 is an end on view of the connection system of FIG.
65 in a release (unlocked) position;
[0236] FIG. 67 is a view through section A-A in FIG. 66;
[0237] FIG. 68 is an end on view of the connection system of FIG.
65 in an engaged (locked) position;
[0238] FIG. 69 is a view of section B-B in FIG. 68;
[0239] FIG. 70 is a first perspective view of a component of an
embodiment of the invention;
[0240] FIG. 71 is a first side view of FIG. 71;
[0241] FIG. 72 is a first exploded perspective view of the
components of an embodiment of the invention;
[0242] FIG. 73 is a second perspective view of FIG. 73;
[0243] FIG. 74 is an exploded view of a connection system according
to an embodiment of the invention;
[0244] FIG. 75 is an end on view of an assembled connection system
according to the embodiment of FIG. 74;
[0245] FIG. 76 is a view through section A-A shown in FIG. 75;
[0246] FIG. 77 is a view through section D-D shown in FIG. 75;
[0247] FIG. 78 is a view through section B-B shown in FIG. 76;
[0248] FIG. 79 is a view through section C-C shown in FIG. 76;
[0249] FIG. 80 is an end on view of a component of a connection
system according to the embodiment of FIG. 75;
[0250] FIG. 81 is a side view of FIG. 80;
[0251] FIG. 82 is a view through section E-E shown in FIG. 80;
[0252] FIG. 83 is a perspective view of a component of connection
system according to the embodiment of FIG. 75;
[0253] FIG. 84 is a side view of a latching arm forming part of the
embodiment of FIG. 75;
[0254] FIG. 85 is a second side view of a latching arm;
[0255] FIG. 86 is a first perspective view of the latching member
of FIGS. 84 to 85;
[0256] FIG. 87 is a second perspective view of the latching member
of FIGS. 84 to 86;
[0257] FIG. 88 is an end on view of a connection system according
to an embodiment of the invention;
[0258] FIG. 89 is a view through section A-A shown in FIG. 88;
[0259] FIG. 90 is a view through section C-C shown in FIG. 88;
[0260] FIG. 91 is a view through section B-B shown in FIG. 88;
[0261] FIG. 92 is a view through section D-D shown in FIG. 88;
[0262] FIG. 93 is an end on view of a second component of the
embodiment of FIG. 88;
[0263] FIG. 94 is a side view of FIG. 93;
[0264] FIG. 95 is a view through section E-E shown in FIG. 93;
[0265] FIG. 96 is a perspective view of a latching arm forming part
of the connection system of FIG. 88;
[0266] FIG. 97 is a bottom perspective view of FIG. 98;
[0267] FIG. 98 is a side view of FIG. 96;
[0268] FIG. 99 is a second side view of FIG. 96;
[0269] FIG. 100 is an end on view of a connection system according
to an embodiment of the invention in an unlocked configuration;
[0270] FIG. 101 is a view through section B-B shown in FIG.
100;
[0271] FIG. 102 is a view through section C-C shown in FIG.
101;
[0272] FIG. 103 is a view through section F-F shown in FIG.
101;
[0273] FIG. 104 is an end on view of the connection system of FIGS.
100 to 103 in a locked configuration;
[0274] FIG. 105 is a view through section G-G shown in FIG.
104;
[0275] FIG. 106 is a view through section H-H shown in FIG.
104;
[0276] FIG. 107 is a view through section J-J shown in FIG.
105;
[0277] FIG. 108 is an exploded parts diagram of the connection
system of FIGS. 100 to 107;
[0278] FIG. 109 is a perspective view of a latching arm forming
part of a connection system of FIGS. 100 to 108;
[0279] FIG. 110 is a side view of the latching arm of FIG. 109.
DETAILED DISCUSSION OF THE FIGURES
[0280] Throughout the Figures like numerals refer to like
components.
[0281] Referring first to FIGS. 1 and 2, there is provided a
suppressor (1).
[0282] The suppressor (1) is manufactured using a selective metal
melting technique such as laser metal sintering ("LMS") techniques
as are discussed below.
[0283] The suppressor (1) is a monocoque structure with all
components formed integrally to at least one other component,
therefore together.
[0284] The suppressor (1) is a substantially hollow cylinder
defined by a continuous side wall (2), a first end wall (3) and a
second end wall (4) that define a cavity.
[0285] First end wall (3) has an aperture (5) into an overlap
channel (6). The overlap channel (6) is configured to receive an
end of a gun barrel (not shown).
[0286] Second end wall (4) includes an aperture (7).
[0287] A pathway, indicted by line (8) extends from aperture (5)
through to aperture (7). The diameter of pathway (8) is shown by
line (9) in FIG. 2.
[0288] A screw thread (10) is provided at end (11) of overlap
channel (6). The screw thread (10) is configured to engage with a
corresponding screw thread on an end of a gun barrel (not shown in
the Figures).
[0289] The suppressor (1) has a plurality of internal baffles (12,
13, 14, 15, 16).
[0290] The baffles (12-16) separate the cavity in the suppressor
into a series of chambers (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22). Each of the
chambers (17-22) is defined by a baffle (12-16), inner surface (2b)
of continuous side wall (2), inner surface (3a) of first end wall
(3), and/or inner surface (4a) of second end wall (4).
[0291] Chamber (22) acts as a primary blast chamber of the
suppressor (1). The primary blast chamber (22) has a larger volume
than chambers (17-21).
[0292] Each baffle (17-22) includes an aperture (12a-16a)
respectively. The apertures (12a-16a) are aligned with each other,
and apertures (5, 7). Accordingly, the apertures (12a-16a) are
positioned on pathway (8). It is therefore possible for a bullet
fired by gun (neither shown) to travel along pathway (8) so as to
exit suppressor via aperture.
[0293] Referring now to FIGS. 5A and 5B, the suppressor (1)
includes a grip in the form of ridges (23) on an outer surface (24)
of continuous side wall (2).
[0294] The ridges (23) facilitate a person rotating suppressor (1)
so as to cause screw thread (10) to engage with a corresponding
screw thread on gun barrel (not shown).
[0295] Second end wall (4) includes a forming surface indicated as
(25). The forming surface (25) is a ring. Inner side (26) and outer
side (27) are at an angle to forming surface (25).
[0296] An internal angle between an underside of the baffles
(17-22) and an imaginary plane (28) from the inner surface (2B) of
side wall (2) is indicated by (X). The imaginary plane (28) is
substantially perpendicular to an inner surface of continuous side
wall (2) and substantially parallel to the build direction.
Baffle Structures
First, Second and Third Alternate Embodiments of Baffle
Structures
[0297] FIGS. 3, 4 and 6 show views of alternate embodiments of
suppressors (29, 30, 31) according to the present invention.
Identical numbers are used to refer to the components of
suppressors (29-31) in FIGS. 3, 4, and 6 that are the same as the
components of suppressor described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
However the arrangement/orientation of the baffles differ so as to
facilitate provision of a suppressor that may be better suited to
use with different types of guns.
Fourth Alternate Embodiment of Baffle Structures
[0298] Referring now to FIGS. 9A-9D, showing a further embodiment
of a suppressor (40).
[0299] The suppressor (40) has a substantially triangular cross
section as is best shown in FIG. 9B.
[0300] The suppressor (40) has a first end wall (41), a second end
wall (42), a first side wall (43), a second side wall (44), and a
third side wall (45).
[0301] First end wall (41) has an aperture (46) into an overlap
channel that is shown as (47) in FIG. 10C.
[0302] The first end wall (41), second end wall (42), and side
walls (43-45) define a cavity (101).
[0303] A passageway, indicated by line (49) in FIG. 9C extends from
aperture (46) through the cavity and to an aperture (47) in second
end wall (42).
[0304] The suppressor (40) has an inner wall (102) and the second
wall (103) that collectively form a double wall structure spacers
(104) hold the walls (102, 103) apart from each other. There is a
space (104) between the walls (102, 103) which acts to limit or
reduce heat transfer from cavity (101) to second wall (103).
Fifth Alternate Embodiment of Baffle Structures
[0305] Referring now to FIG. 14 which is a side cross sectional
view of suppressor (50) according to a fourth embodiment of the
present invention.
[0306] The suppressor (50) has a housing formed by a continuous
side wall (51), a first end wall (52) and a second end wall (53)
which collectively define a cavity.
[0307] A series of baffles (54-60) are constructed so as to be
integral to an inner surface of the side wall (2b). This is as
discussed above in relation to FIGS. 13A, 13B, and 13C.
[0308] The suppressor (50) includes a series of fins (61-67) within
the cavity. The fins (61-67) are all identical to each other and
spaced apart along the length of the suppressor (50). Therefore
only fin (61) will be described herein.
[0309] The bottom edge (68) of fin (61) has no support underneath.
Therefore the fin (61) must be constructed out from inner surface
(2b) of side wall (2) and downwards. As a result, fin (61) is
constructed in a reverse direction e.g. downwards with respect to
the build direction.
[0310] The fin (61) is generally a spiral that extends along the
length of the suppressor (50), that wraps around an inner surface
(2b) of the side wall (2). In addition, the spiral twists so that
inner edge, being the edge of the spiral closest to the centre line
of the suppressor (50) is lower than the corresponding point on
outer edge formed integrally to the inner surface of side wall.
[0311] The shape and orientation of the fin (61) is such that the
angles on side between edges of the fin and the inner wall are not
equal, one being less than 90 degrees, and the other being greater
than 90 degrees.
[0312] The fins (61-67) are orientated so that expansion of gas in
the cavity is not initially hindered or obstructed. However, the
passage of the gas in the cavity as it returns, to try and exit
through aperture (7) is disrupted. Therefore, the fins (61-67) may
collectively slow down expansion of gas within the cavity thereby
improving the operation of the suppressor (50).
[0313] The fins (61-67) also provide reinforcement to the
suppressor. This could facilitate thinner side or end walls while
still achieving a comparable strength suppressor (50).
[0314] The ridges may also increase the rigidity of the suppressor
(50) or otherwise reduce/eliminate vibrations in the suppressor
during its operation. That could be useful for reducing or
eliminating audible noises created during use of a suppressor.
Sixth Alternate Embodiment of Baffle Structures
[0315] Referring now to FIGS. 14A-14F showing another embodiment of
a suppressor (80) according to the present invention.
[0316] Numerals used to describe features of the suppressor (50)
are also used to identify similar features of suppressor (80).
Therefore, those features will not be described again in relation
to FIGS. 14A-14F.
[0317] However, suppressor (80) also includes a second fin (62B).
The second fin (62B) is orientated counter to the fin (62).
Together, the fins (62, 62B) form a double helix extending along
the length of the suppressor (80).
[0318] The suppressor (80) also includes a plurality of fins (81).
The fins are orientated to minimise or reduce their effect on
expansion of gases into the chambers in suppressor (80). However,
the fins are orientated and configured to hinder, and thereby slow
down, the passage of gasses out of the chambers. This is achieved
by having the fins orientated so as to allow a clear and
uninterrupted passage past the fins (81) as the gas initially
expands into a chamber, yet the fins (81) provide a surface against
which the expanding gas abuts to thereby create turbulence and slow
down the gases expansion.
[0319] Therefore the fins (81) may improve the ability of
suppressor (80) to reduce the noise caused by firing a gun with
which the suppressor (81) is used.
[0320] In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 14A-14F the fins (81) and
are at an angle of 60.degree. from the build direction (indicated
by arrow 106), and have 60 mm pitch per revolution, a width of 1.55
mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm.
Seventh Alternate Embodiment of Baffle Structures
[0321] Referring now to FIGS. 33-39 showing an embodiment of a
suppressor (400) having internal baffles (410, 412, 414, 416).
[0322] The suppressor (400) is a substantially cylindrical body
defined by a first end wall (402), a second end wall (404), and a
continuous side wall (406).
[0323] The suppressor (400) includes a pathway there through to
enable a bullet to travel through the suppressor from first end
wall (402) and exit therefrom through an aperture in second end
wall (404).
[0324] The suppressor (400) may also include a fastener half (not
shown in the Figures) to secure the suppressor (400) to a gun
barrel (not shown). The fastener half may be any known fastener
mechanism, or the connection system described herein.
[0325] The suppressor (400) is substantially hollow, having a
cavity therein. The cavity however is divided into a series of
compartments defined by baffles (410-416).
[0326] The baffles (410-416) are non-symmetrical. In addition, each
baffle (410-416) includes an aperture which is aligned with the
apertures in the end walls. This facilitates a bullet travelling
through the suppressor (400).
[0327] The baffles (410-416) are formed integrally to an inner
surface of the side wall (406). This may be achieved using the
techniques discussed in the present Applicant's co-pending New
Zealand Patent Application No. 619475.
[0328] Each aperture (410-416) is non-perpendicular to the
longitudinal axis of the suppressor.
[0329] This is best seen in FIG. 38, being a cross sectional view
of the suppressor (400). The longitudinal axis of the suppressor
(400) is indicated by line (401).
[0330] Each baffle (410-416) includes a table face (420-420). Each
of the table faces (420-426) are non-perpendicular to the
suppressor's longitudinal axis (401).
[0331] The orientation and configuration of the apertures (410-416)
and the table faces (420-426) may assist in controlling expansion
of gases within the suppressor (400). For instance, without being
limited to a specific mechanism, the inventor postulates that the
orientations of these components may assist in directing expansion
of gases created on firing a gun. This may cause or promote the
gases to preferentially expand within the suppressor (400) towards
first end wall (402) than second end wall (404).
[0332] Alternatively, the table faces (420-426) may provide
additional structure within the suppressor (400) to hinder or
otherwise control expansion of gases therein.
[0333] Each table face (420-426) extends from a neck section
(430-436) respectively. The neck sections (430-436) may assist in
forming the table faces (420-426) in desired orientations using
laser metal sintering techniques.
[0334] The neck sections (430-436) provide a transition from
baffles side walls. The baffles (410-416) are curved, and generally
have the shape of a truncated and twisted cone.
Alternate Baffle Structure
[0335] Referring now to FIGS. 40 to 48 showing an a suppressor
(500) according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0336] The suppressor (500) has a composite internal baffle
structure with both non-symmetrical and slant baffles.
[0337] The suppressor (500) is a substantially cylindrical body
defined by a first end wall (502), a second end wall (504), and at
least one side wall (506).
[0338] The suppressor (500) includes a pathway there through to
enable a bullet to travel through the suppressor from first end
wall (502) and exit therefrom through an aperture in the second end
wall (504).
[0339] The suppressor (500) may also include a fastener half (not
shown in the Figures) to secure the suppressor (500) to a gun
barrel (not shown). The fastener half may be any known fastener
mechanism, or the connection system described herein with reference
to FIGS. 1-24.
[0340] The suppressor (500) is substantially hollow, having a
cavity therein. The cavity however is divided into a series of
compartments defined by the baffles (510-516).
[0341] The baffles (510-518) are non-symmetrical. In addition, each
baffle (510-518 includes an aperture (522-530) which is aligned
with the apertures in the end walls (502, 504). This facilitates a
bullet travelling through the suppressor (500).
[0342] The baffles (510-518) are formed integrally to an inner
surface of the suppressor (500). This may be achieved using the
techniques discussed in the applicant's co-pending New Zealand
Patent Application No. 619475.
[0343] Each aperture (522-530) is non-perpendicular to the
longitudinal axis of the suppressor. This is best seen in FIG. 38,
being a cross sectional view of the suppressor (500). The
longitudinal axis of the suppressor (500) is indicated by line
(501).
[0344] Each baffle (510-518) includes a table face (532-540). Each
of the table faces (532-540) is non-perpendicular to the
suppressor's longitudinal axis (501).
[0345] The orientation and configuration of the apertures and the
table faces (532-540) may assist in controlling expansion of gases
within the suppressor (500). For instance, without being limited to
a specific mechanism, the inventor postulates that the orientations
of these components may assist in directing the gases. This may
cause or promote the gases to expand within the suppressor (500)
towards the first end (502 preferentially over second end
(504).
[0346] Alternatively, the table faces (532-540) may provide
additional structure within the suppressor (500) to hinder or
otherwise control expansion of gases therein.
[0347] Each table face (532-540) extends from a neck section
(542-548) respectively. The neck sections (542-548) assist in
forming the table faces (532-540) in desired orientations using
laser metal sintering techniques.
[0348] Neck sections (542-548) extend from baffles (510-518). The
baffles are curved, and generally have the shape of a truncated and
twisted cone.
[0349] Table face (540) provides a slant baffle that extends from
the neck section ( ). The table face (540) is formed integrally to
an inner surface of side wall (506), for instance at points (560,
562).
[0350] A scoop (564) may be formed into baffle wall (570). The
scoop (550) may assist with directing expansion of gas in the
suppressor (500) to preferentially occur within a chamber (552),
rather than a chamber (504).
Muzzle Brake
[0351] Referring now to FIGS. 10A-10E showing views of a muzzle
brake (70) according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0352] The muzzle brake (70) is formed using LMS techniques
according to the present inventions and using the method described
with reference of FIGS. 7 and 8. All components of the muzzle (70)
brake are formed integrally to each one other component.
[0353] The muzzle brake (70) includes a screw thread (71). A
fastener half forming part of a quick connect is provided by a
plurality of detents (72) that extend outwardly from a surface (77)
of the muzzle brake (70).
[0354] The detents (72) are configured to sit within corresponding
slots (73) in a suppressor (74) according to the present invention.
Interaction between the detents (72) and the slots (73) secures the
muzzle brake (70) and therefore a gun (not shown) to the suppressor
(74).
[0355] The muzzle brake (70) includes a first stage indicated by
(75) and a second stage indicated by (76).
[0356] The first and second stages assist in controlling expansion
of the gas forming a blast wave on firing of the gun (not shown).
The first and second stages each comprise a plurality of slot
apertures, which extend along the length of the muzzle brake (70).
Each of the apertures is orientated so as to define a "twist".
[0357] The orientation of the twist is chosen to be orientated
opposite the rotation of the gasses and spin created by firing a
gun with which the suppressor (74) will be used. This helps to
tighten the device onto the gun.
[0358] To the inventor's knowledge it was not previously possible
to manufacture a suppressor having a quick connect inside an
overlap channel. This is because prior art manufacturing techniques
were not capable of forming a fastener half of a quick connect at
the necessary location. As a result, there is a unique advantage
provided by use of LMS techniques to manufacture a suppressor
according to the present invention.
[0359] However, it was not a straight forward process to design and
build a muzzle brake in a suppressor using LMS techniques. The
inventor solved the problems which prevented manufacture of these
products using the inventions described herein. Therefore, the
present inventions enabled LMS manufacturing techniques to be
utilised in a new and previously unknown application. Accordingly,
the inventions facilitate providing an easier way to connect a gun
and suppressor together, while allowing a deep over-barrel design
yet still controlling the expansion of gases.
[0360] It should also be appreciated that designing of the muzzle
brake and quick connect to be manufactured by LMS techniques was
not straight forward, and a number of issues had to be
resolved.
Quick Connect Connection Systems
First Embodiment of a Quick Connect
[0361] Referring now to FIGS. 10A-10E, 11A and 11B. The muzzle
brake (70) includes detents (72) forming part of a quick
connect.
[0362] In embodiments where the suppressor (74) is to include a
quick connect then a fastener half of the quick connect is formed
into the suppressor (74).
[0363] In the embodiments shown in the Figures, the fastener half
is formed by slots (73) in a lip (76) that is formed integrally.
However, other positions for the slots (73) are possible provided
that these will align with the detents (72).
[0364] Each of the slots (73) includes a spring biased ball bearing
(not shown in the Figures).
[0365] The spring biased ball bearing is positioned within the slot
(73) such that when the detents (72) are positioned within the
slots (73), the suppressor (74) and muzzle brake (70) can be moved
rotatably with respect to each other. This causes the detents (not
shown) to slide within slots (73) and into a locking position. The
locking position is shown in FIG. 11A. In the locking position,
each spring biased ball bearing (not shown) bears against an edge
of a detent (not shown). This provides resistance force to detents
(72) moving within slots (73). Therefore, the spring loaded ball
bearing secures the muzzle brake (70) and suppressor (74) with
respect to each other.
[0366] However, the spring is not so strong that it cannot be
overcome by force applied by a user that causes the muzzle brake
(70) and/or suppressor (74) to rotate with respect to each
other.
[0367] The non-locking position is shown in FIG. 11A. In this, the
spring loaded ball bearing (not shown) does not bear against
detents (72). Therefore the detents (72) can be moved from the slot
(73) so as to separate the muzzle brake (70) in the suppressor
(74).
First Alternate Embodiment of a Quick Connect
[0368] Referring now to FIGS. 15 to 27 showing a connection system
indicated generally by (700), and which is configured to provide a
quick connect to secure a gun (not shown in FIGS. 15 to 27) to a
suppressor (710).
[0369] The connection system (700) includes a first connector half
in the form of a muzzle brake indicated as (707). The muzzle brake
(703) includes a body (704) that has in general a cylindrical shape
and is hollow.
[0370] Protrusions (705, 706, and 707) extend from the outer
surface of the body (704). Each protrusion (705-707) has a first
surface (705A, 705B, 705C) and a second surfaces (705A, 705B, 705C)
respectively. The first surfaces (705A, 705B, 705C) provides a
front face, being the face which is distal to the gun in use. The
second surfaces (5B, 6A, 7B) provides a rear face being the face
which is closest to the gun in use.
[0371] The body (704) includes an aperture (708) configured to
receive an end of a gun barrel (not shown in the Figures). An
internal screw thread (710) inside the body (704) is configured to
engage with a corresponding screw thread on the gun barrel (not
shown in the Figures). The engagement of the screw threads secure
the muzzle brake (703) to the gun.
[0372] A section (711) of the body (704) includes a radially spaced
aperture (712). The apertures (712) are orientated to generally
extend along the length of the body (704).
[0373] The apertures (712) are also orientated so that they twist
around the circumference of the body (704). The orientation of the
twist is selected to be counter (opposed) to the direction of the
screw thread (710). Thereby, the apertures (712) may provide
resistance to assist in preventing the muzzle brake (703) loosening
from the gun barrel during use.
[0374] The connection system includes a second connector half that
comprises a first component (713) and a second component, which is
indicated as (714) in FIG. 24.
[0375] The first component (713) includes radially spaced flanges
(723, 724, 725) as are best shown in FIG. 24.
[0376] The separation between side edges of the flanges (723, 724
and 725) define channels (726, 727, and 728). The channels
(726-728) have a shape corresponding to protrusions (705-707) on
the muzzle brake (703). Therefore, inserting the section (711)
through the aperture (729) enables the protrusions (705-707) to be
passed through the channels (726-728).
[0377] The flanges (723-725) have an outer surface (730, 731, 732)
respectively and an inner surface (733, 734 and 735)
respectively.
[0378] The first component (713) has a body (718) having a circular
aperture (729) there through. An external screw thread (719) is
formed on the body.
[0379] The second component (714) includes an aperture (715).
Therefore, the section (711) can be inserted through the aperture
(715) so as to be positioned inside the suppressor (702). This
position is as shown in FIG. 18.
[0380] An internal screw thread (716) is formed integrally the
suppressor (702) towards the opening (715). Ratchet teeth (717) are
formed inside the suppressor (702) immediately inside aperture
(715). The ratchet teeth (717) extend around the entire
circumference of aperture (715).
[0381] The screw threads (719, 716) are reverse screw threads.
Therefore, rotation of the first component (713) in an
anti-clockwise direction when viewed from the orientation of FIG. 6
will cause the screw threads (716, 719) to engage each other so to
secure the first component and second component (713,714) together.
Rotation of the first component (713) in an anti-clockwise
direction as viewed in FIG. 20 will cause the screw threads (716,
719) to disengage to release the first component (713) from the
second component (714).
[0382] The first component (713) includes at least one ratchet
member (720). The ratchet member (720) is integrally formed to the
second component. This forms a biasing element which is configured
to urge the ratchet member (720) towards a position in which it
will engage ratchet teeth (717) when screw threads (716, 179)
engage each other. The engagement of one or more of the teeth (717)
by the at least one ratchet member (720) provides resistance to
rotation of the first component (713) and the second component
(714).
[0383] However, the ratchet member (720) can be moved to a release
position in which it disengages ratchet teeth (717) to thereby
allow rotation of the first and second components (713, 714) with
respect to each other.
[0384] The second component (714) has a plurality of protrusions
(780-782). The protrusions (780-782) define recesses (783-785). The
recess (783-785) have a shape which each corresponds to the shape
of one of the protrusions (705, 706 or 707).
[0385] An aperture (722) in the second component (714) enables the
section (711) to be moved past the bearing surface (721) to be
disposed inside the suppressor (702).
[0386] The first component (713) includes a bearing surface (721).
The bearing surface (721) is a section of a cone that is concentric
with the suppressor (702).
[0387] The bearing surface (721) provides an angled surface against
which the surfaces (705A, 706A, 707A) of the protrusions bear when
the connection system (700) is assembled.
[0388] The inner surfaces (733-735) provide clamping surfaces which
in use cooperate with bearing surface (721).
[0389] In addition, the outer surfaces (730-731) provide clamping
surfaces which in use cooperate with second surfaces (705B, 706B,
707B).
[0390] The second surfaces (705B, 706B, 707B) are not perpendicular
to the longitudinal axis of the muzzle brake (703). Preferably, the
second surfaces (705B, 706B, 707B) are at angle in the range of
15.degree.-65.degree., and more preferably 45.degree. to the
longitudinal axis of the muzzle crake (703).
[0391] In addition, the inner surfaces (733-735) are at an angle to
the longitudinal axis of the suppressor. The angle substantially
corresponds to the angle of the second surfaces (705B, 706B, 707B).
This may facilitate the inner surfaces (733-375) providing a
clamping force against the second surfaces (705B-707B). This may be
beneficial to facilitate an efficient clamping action for the
connection system (1).
[0392] Referring now to FIGS. 70-73.
[0393] The first and second components (713, 714) may have double
helix screw threads. That is, each screw thread (718, 719) may be
formed from a pair of intertwined screw threads, which may be
generally described as a double helix. The screw threads are
labeled as (716A, 716B) and (719A, 719B) respectively.
[0394] Each screw thread (716A, 716B, 719A, 719B) has a start point
(716C, 716D) and (719C, 719D) respectively. The start points (716C,
716D) and (719C, 719D) are positioned at distal sides of the
apertures. That is, the start points (716C, 716D) and (719C, 719D)
are 180.degree. apart.
[0395] The use of double helix screw threads increases the surface
area contact between the first component (713) and the second
component (714) when the screw threads are engaged. As a result,
the first component (713) and the second component (714) can be
secured to each other with fewer rotations of the screw threads,
whilst still achieving a desired surface area contact between the
two components.
[0396] The connection system (700) can be used to secure a gun (not
shown) to the suppressor (702). To do so, the muzzle brake (703) is
first secured to the gun (not shown) using screw thread (710). The
first component (713) is secured to the suppressor (702) by
inserting body (718) into aperture (715). The first component (713)
and suppresser (702) are rotated with respect to each other so as
to cause the screw threads (716, 719) to engage each other. In
doing so, ratchet teeth (717) are engaged by ratchet member
(720).
[0397] Section (711) is inserted through aperture (729), body
(718), and aperture (722). The section (711) is therefore disposed
inside the suppressor (702). In doing so, the protrusions (5-7)
pass through the channels (726-728). The protrusions are inserted
into the recesses.
[0398] The first component (713) is rotated with respect to the
muzzle brake (703). This causes the protrusions (705-707) to be
brought out alignment with the channels (725-727). In other words,
the channels (725-727) rotate and therefore the protrusions are no
longer completely aligned with the channels (725-727).
[0399] The inner surfaces (733-735) each lie on a plane that is
obtuse to a plane on which the bearing surface (721) lies.
Accordingly, as the first component (713) is rotated with respect
to the muzzle brake (703) and also therefore the second component
(714), the inner surfaces (733-735) and bearing surface (721)
interact to clamp the protrusions (705-707).
[0400] When rotation of the first component (713) is stopped, the
ratchet member (720) engages at least one of the ratchet teeth
(717) to which it is adjacent. Accordingly, the ratchet member
(720) and ratchet teeth (717) prevent the second component (714)
and the muzzle brake (703) from rotating with respect to each
other. The ratchet provides a locking mechanism to prevent
inadvertent misalignment of the suppressor (702) with the muzzle
brake (703) and thereby also with the gun.
[0401] Having a plurality of radically spaced protrusions e.g., at
least two or preferably three protrusions, may assist to more
evenly distribute clamping force.
[0402] To release the suppressor (702) from the muzzle brake (703)
a disengagement mechanism is used.
[0403] In the embodiment of FIGS. 15 to 20, 72 and 73, the
disengagement mechanism is provided to the second component (714)
in the form of a ring (736). The ring (736) can rotate with respect
to the second component through approximately 45 to 180 degrees,
and preferably 60 degrees.
[0404] The ring (736) includes a protrusion (737) per ratchet
member (722). Rotation of the ring (736) with respect to the body
(718) causes each protrusion (737) to contact an end (720A) of a
ratchet member (720). The contact moves the at least one ratchet
member (720) to a position in which it disengages any ratchet teeth
(717) with which it may have been engaged.
[0405] The ring (736) and protrusion (737) are visible in FIGS. 72
and 73 which show interaction of the protrusion (737) with the at
least one ratchet member (720).
[0406] Once the at least one ratchet member (720) has disengaged
the ratchet teeth (717), continued rotation of the ring (736)
causes body (718) to also rotate. Thereby, channels (733-735) are
brought into alignment with protrusions (705-707). Accordingly, the
bearing surface (721) and inner surfaces (733-735) do not clamp the
protrusion (705-707) to the suppressor (702). Accordingly, the
muzzle brake (703) can be moved to cause the protrusions (705-707)
to move through channels (726-728).
[0407] Thereby, the muzzle brake (703) can be released from the
suppressor (702). This facilitates removing the suppressor (702)
from a gun (not shown).
[0408] It should be noted that the configuration of the connection
system (700) is such that the components need only be rotated
through a small range of angles to secure and release the two
components together.
Second Alternate Embodiment of a Quick Connect
[0409] Referring now to FIGS. 28 to 38 showing an embodiment of a
connection system generally indicated as (200).
[0410] The connection system (200) includes a first connector half
in the form of a muzzle brake indicated generally as (207).
[0411] The muzzle brake (207) includes a main body (208).
[0412] An internal screw thread (210) is formed the body (208). The
screw thread (210) is configured to in use engage with the
corresponding screw thread on the end of a gun barrel (not shown in
the Figures).
[0413] The interaction of the screw thread (210) and a
corresponding screw thread on the gun barrel can in use secure the
muzzle brake (207) to the gun.
[0414] The muzzle brake (207) may include apertures such as (211)
which are shaped and configured so as to control or otherwise
direct expansion of gasses when a bullet is fired by a gun.
[0415] The connection system (200) comprises a second connector
half generally indicated as (213). The second connector half (213)
is formed from a first component indicated as (202), and a second
component (220).
[0416] The second component (220) includes a main body (230). The
main body (230) includes an aperture (232) into a channel (240), as
is best seen in FIG. 16.
[0417] The second component (202) is formed integrally in a gun
suppressor (not shown in FIGS. 28 to 38). The gun suppressor (not
shown in FIGS. 28 to 38) may be a suppressor having any known
internal baffle structure.
[0418] The second component (202) includes an aperture indicated
generally as (203) into a channel.
[0419] The aperture (203) is configured to receive components of a
gun and/or other aspects of the connection system (200).
[0420] The second component (202) includes an internal screw thread
(201) within the channel (204). A plurality of ratchet teeth (200)
are formed integrally to the second component (202), within channel
(204) and close to aperture (203).
[0421] The first second component (2202) includes an external screw
thread (250) formed in the main body (13). The external screw
thread (250) corresponds to internal screw thread (203) in the
first component (202).
[0422] Rotation of the first component (220) and the second
component (202) with respect to each other causes screw threads
(201, 250) to engage to secure the two components together.
[0423] The first component (220) includes at least one, and
preferably, three flanges (260, 262, 264). Each flange (260, 262,
264) includes a first surface (260A, 262A, 264A) and a second
surface (260B, 262B, 264B).
[0424] The gaps between adjacent flanges (260, 262, 264) define
channels (266). The channels (266) are configured to receive the
protrusions (209) on the muzzle brake (207).
[0425] The first component (220) includes two ratchet members
(270A, 270B). The ratchet members (270A, 270B) are spring biased
protrusion that each have at least one tooth. Pressure applied to
the ratchet members (270A, 270B) at engagement points (242, 244)
causes the ratchet teeth (272) to more towards the main body (230).
This causes the ratchet members (270A, 270B) to disengage any
ratchet teeth with which they may be engaged.
[0426] The protrusions (209) are substantially identical to the
protrusions (5, 6, 7) discussed above with respect to FIGS. 1-13.
Accordingly, the shape, configuration, and role of the protrusions
(209) will not be discussed herein. It should also be appreciated
that the function of connection system (200) is substantially
identical to that of connection system (1) as discussed above.
[0427] However, a separate disengagement means in the form of a
ring is not provided. Rather, the disengagement means is integrally
formed to the first component (220) forming part of the first
connector half in the form of the ratchet members (270A, 270B).
[0428] The engagement points (240, 242) are provided to enable a
person to move the ratchet members (270A, 270B) to a release
position in which they do not engage ratchet teeth (17).
Accordingly, pressure applied to engagement portions (240, 242)
overcomes the biasing elements to move ratchet members (270A, 270B)
away from ratchet teeth.
Third Alternate Quick Connect
[0429] Referring now to FIGS. 65 to 73 showing a connector half
(600) of a connection system according to an embodiment of the
invention.
[0430] The connector half (600) includes a body (602) having a
generally cylindrical shape and being hollow. The connector half
(600) includes a first aperture (604) and a second aperture (606).
The apertures (604, 606) are aligned with each other and define a
pathway along which a bullet may travel in use.
[0431] The connector half (600) may be incorporated into a
suppressor (not shown in FIGS. 65 to 73). In such embodiments, the
body (602) is provided by the suppressor.
[0432] A track (610) is formed in an outer surface (612) of the
body (602). A latch (614) is slidingly mounted in track (610). The
latch is connected to a first latching member (616) and a second
latching member (618).
[0433] Body (602) includes an internal radial surface (618). Each
latching member (616, 618) is pivotally mounted to body (602) at
pivot points (620). The separation between the radial surface (619)
and an underside (not visible in the Figures) of the latching
members (616, 618) define a track (622) to receive protrusions on a
second connector half such as that on a gun barrel or muzzle brake
(not shown in the Figures).
[0434] The protrusions on the gun barrel or muzzle brake (not
shown) provide a connector half complimentary to connector half
(600). Interaction of the connector half (600) with the protrusions
(not shown) can secure a suppressor to a gun (neither shown).
[0435] In use, sliding the latch (614) along the track (610) causes
the latching members (616, 618) to be moved to a release
(non-locking) position. This opens channels (624, 626) which are
shaped and configured to receive the protrusions (not shown). This
enables the protrusions to be brought into alignment with the track
(622).
[0436] Sliding the latch along the track enables the latching
members to reduce the dimensions of the channels (624, 626).
Thereby, the protrusions can be secured in the track (622) to
attach the suppressor to a gun.
[0437] To release the suppressor from the gun the above described
process is reversed. That is, the latch (614) is moved slidingly
along track (610) to increase the size of channels (624, 626). The
protrusions can be withdrawn from the track (622) to release the
gun and suppressor from each other.
Fourth Alternate Quick Connect
[0438] Referring now to FIGS. 74 to 87 which show a fourth
embodiment of a connection system (1000) according to an embodiment
of the invention. The connection system (1000) includes a first
component which is formed integrally to a suppressor (1010). The
first component includes an internal screw thread (1012), which may
be a pair of intertwined screw threads which can be described as a
double helix.
[0439] A second component (1020) has an external screw thread
(1022), which may be a double helix as described above. The screw
threads (1012, 1022) are configured to engage with each other.
[0440] The first component has an internal shoulder (1014) and at
least one column (1016) extending therefrom.
[0441] The first component (1010) and the second component (1020)
have corresponding teeth (not shown) and ratchet members (1024).
The ratchet members (1024) can engage the teeth (not shown) to
prevent or restrict rotation of the first component (1010) and the
second component (1020) with respect to each other.
[0442] At least one latching arm (1030) is pivotally mounted to
first component (1010), such as by an aperture (1032) which
receives the columns (1016).
[0443] A ring (1050) is provided which can facilitate rotating the
second component (1020) with respect to the first component (1010).
The ring (1050) provides a sheath that at least partly surrounds
the second component (1020).
[0444] In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 75-88, the ring (1050) and
the second component (1020) include a plurality of intermeshed
teeth which are indicated generally as (1052). The teeth have a
small degree of play e.g. the teeth of the ring are larger than the
teeth of the teeth of the second component (1052) for e.g., 2 mm.
This enables the ring (1050) to rotate slightly relative to the
second component (1020) without causing the second component (1020)
to move.
[0445] However, the intermeshed teeth (1052) enable rotation of the
ring (1050) to cause a corresponding rotation in the second
component (1020). For instance, rotation of the ring (1050) in a
first direction may cause the second component (1020) to rotate to
move towards the first component (1010). Likewise, rotation of the
ring (1050) in a second direction may cause the second component to
rotate to move away from the first component (1010).
[0446] The ring (1050) includes disengagement structure (not shown
in the Figures) which can engage the ratchet members (1016) to
cause them to disengage the teeth (not shown) on the first
component (1010) on rotation of the ring (1050) in at least the
first direction. Therefore, the ring (1050) is configured to ensure
that the ratchet members (1016) do not prevent the first component
(1010) and the second component (1020) being rotated relative to
each other when desired. However, the ratchet members (1016 are
still able to prevent unintentional or undesired rotation of the
first component (1010) and the second component (1020) relative to
each other.
[0447] The embodiment of FIGS. 75 to 88 is configured to engage
tracks (1060) provided on a gun (not shown in the Figures) so as to
secure the suppressor (1010) to the gun (not shown).
[0448] In the embodiment, the tracks (1060) are provided in a flash
hider (1062) as should be known to one skilled in the art. The
flash hider (1062) has an internal screw thread (1064) which is
configured to engage a corresponding screw thread on a gun (not
shown in the Figures).
[0449] To secure the suppressor (1010) to the gun, the flash hider
(1062) is inserted through apertures in the second component
(1020), the ring (1050), and disposed in the suppressor (1010). The
ring (1050) is rotated in a first direction. The intermeshed teeth
(1052) transfer rotation of the ring (1050) to the second component
(1020).
[0450] Ridges (1028) on the second component (1020) contact
latching arms (1030) and transfer the rotational motion of the
second component to the latching arms (1030). The latching arms
(1030) are caused to pivot about columns (1016). The latching arms
(1030) therefore each extend into one of the tracks (1060).
[0451] The latching arms (1030) may be shaped or configured to mate
with structure of the flash hider (1062) forming the tracks (1060).
This may ensure that the latching arms (1030) and therefore the
connection system (1000) more stably and/or reliably connects the
gun to the suppressor (1010).
[0452] A clamping surface (1026) of the second component (1020)
presses against the latching arms (1030). This may assist with
retaining the latching arms (1030) in engagement with the tracks
(1060).
[0453] To release the suppressor (1010) from the gun (not shown)
the ring (1050) is rotated in the second direction. The
disengagement structure on the ring (not shown) causes the ratchet
members (1016) to disengage the teeth on the first component (not
shown). The intermeshed teeth (1052) transfer rotation of the ring
(1050) to the second component (1020), causing the clamping surface
to disengage the latching arms (1030).
[0454] Ridges (1029) on the second component (1020) engage the
latching arms (1030) and transfer rotational motion of the second
component (1020) to the latching arms (1030). This causes the
latching arms (1030) to pivot about columns (1016) to disengage the
tracks (1060). The flash hider (1062) can therefore be withdrawn
from the suppressor.
Fifth Alternate a Quick Connect
[0455] Referring now to FIGS. 89 to 99 which show a connection
system (1100) according to an embodiment of the invention. The
connection system is a variation of the embodiment described with
reference to FIGS. 74 to 88, and therefore like references in the
Figures refer to like components.
[0456] In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 88 to 99 the latching arms
(1070) are slidingly mounted in channels formed in the suppressor
(1010). The second component (1020) includes a clamping surface
(1080). In use, rotation of the second component (1020) in a first
direction causes the clamping surface (1080) to abut a surface
(1036) on the latching arms (1030).
[0457] The clamping surface (1080) is angled inwards to create a
taper towards the centre of the second component (1020), as is best
seen in FIG. 95. The surface (1036) on the latching arms (1030) is
angled to create a taper as is best seen in FIG. 97.
[0458] The clamping surface (1080) forces the latching arms (1030)
towards each other. This causes a collar (1038) on each latching
arm (1030) into the recess (1060) on the flash hider (1062).
[0459] The collars (1038) on the latching arms (1030) cooperate to
form a seal around the diameter of the flash hider (1062).
Therefore the connection system may reduce or eliminate blow back
from inside the suppressor (1020) towards a gun user.
[0460] To release the suppressor (1010) from a gun, the ring (1050)
is rotated in a second direction. To release the suppressor (1010)
from the gun (not shown) the ring is rotated in the second
direction. The disengagement structure on the ring (not shown)
causes the ratchet members (1016) to disengage the teeth on the
first component (not shown). The intermeshed teeth (1052) transfer
rotation of the ring (1050) to the second component (1020), causing
the clamping surface to disengage the latching arms (1030).
[0461] A biasing means (not shown in the Figures) such as one or
two springs may be provided. The biasing means are positioned and
orientated to urge the latching arms (1030) apart, and towards an
open position. However, contact of the clamping surface (1080)
against the surface (1036) can overcome the biasing means to enable
the latches to move into the recess (1060) to thereby secure the
suppressor (1010) to a gun (not shown).
Sixth Alternate Quick Connect
[0462] Referring now to FIGS. 100 to 110 which show an alternate
connection system (1200) according to an embodiment of the
invention. The connection system (1200) uses similar components to
the connection system discussed above. Accordingly, similar
references numerals in the Figures refer to similar components.
[0463] The connection system (1200) is configured to connect a
suppressor (1210) to a gun (not shown in the Figures) which is
provided with a single protrusion (1212) which extends around the
entire circumference of a gun barrel (not shown in the Figures).
For instance, as shown in the Figures, the single protrusion (1212)
is provided on a muzzle brake (1214).
[0464] The muzzle brake (1214) includes a screw thread (1216) which
can engage a corresponding screw thread on a gun barrel (not shown)
to releasably connect the muzzle brake (1214) to the gun
barrel.
[0465] Alternatively, it is envisaged that the single protrusion
(1212) could be formed integrally to, or be otherwise permanently
attached to, the gun barrel.
[0466] The single protrusion (1212) has a first shoulder (1211) and
a second shoulder (1218). The shoulders taper (1211, 1218) inwards
to provide a ridge (1219). The ridge (1219) extends around the
entire circumference of the muzzle brake (1214). Therefore, the
single protrusion is distinct to the embodiments discussed above in
which a plurality of protrusions were provided.
[0467] The suppressor (1210) includes a shoulder (1211) which in
use provides a clamping surface.
[0468] The connection system (1200) includes a second component
(1220) having an external screw thread (1222) configured to engage
a corresponding internal screw thread on the suppressor (1210).
[0469] The connection system (1200) includes at least one, and
preferably two, latching arms (1230, 1232). The latching arms
(1230, 1232) are configured to engage the single protrusion (1212).
The latching arm(s) (1230, 1232) are positioned between shoulder
(1211) and the second component (1220).
[0470] Each latching arm (1230, 1232) includes a detent (1234). The
detents (1234) are each slidingly engaged in one of tracks (1238,
1240) formed in shoulder (1211).
[0471] The tracks (1238, 1240) are shaped to guide movement of the
latching arms (1230, 1232) between a locked position in which they
clamp a gun barrel to the suppressor (1210) and a release position
in which they enable the protrusion to be inserted into or removed
from the suppressor (1210). The locked position is shown in FIGS.
100-103 while the release position is shown in FIGS. 104 to
107.
[0472] Each latching arm (1230, 1232) includes a shoulder (1242,
1244). The shoulders (1242, 1244) are configured to abut an
internal clamping surface (1223) on the second component (1220) in
use.
[0473] To secure a gun (not shown) to the suppressor (1210) the
single protrusion (1212) is inserted through apertures in the
second component (1220) and into suppressor (1210). The shoulder
(1217) is adjacent the shoulder (1213) and ridge (1219) is between
the latching arms (1230, 1232) and the shoulder (1211). The second
component is rotated in a first direction with respect to the
suppressor (1210), this causes clamping surface (1213) to move
towards shoulder (1211).
[0474] The clamping surfaces (1213) abut the shoulders (1242,
1244). The contact causes the latching arms (1230, 1232) to move
radially inwards towards a central axis of the suppressor e.g., the
collars on the latching arms move towards each other. The movement
of the latching arms (1230, 1232) is guided by the detents moving
within the tracks.
[0475] Continued rotation of second component (1220) causes the
latching arms (1230, 1232) to push single protrusion (1212) towards
shoulder (1213).
[0476] The connection system is structured to create a seal to
provide resistance to, or prevent, blow back of gas from within the
suppressor (1210) towards the gun barrel.
[0477] The seal may be created by various structures and/or
configurations. In one embodiment, the latching arms are shaped and
configured so that each end or a collar touches an end of another
collar. For instance, in these embodiments, the collars may touch.
In addition or alternatively, the latching arms may overlap each
other.
[0478] To release the suppressor from the gun, the above steps are
reversed. For instance, the second component (1220) is rotated in a
second direction. This causes detents to move along tracks, to
guide the latching arms radially outwards.
[0479] The connection system (1200) may also be provided with a
biasing means such as a spring (not shown). The biasing means can
be configured to urge the latching arms apart from each other.
[0480] Therefore, the biasing means can ensure that the latching
arm(s) are moved towards an open position in which they do not
restrict or prevent the muzzle brake being inserted into, or
removed from, the suppressor (1210). Accordingly, the biasing means
may make it easier to connect and release a suppressor from a
gun.
[0481] However, in these embodiments, rotation of the second
component (1220) can overcome the biasing means to move the
latching arms to a locked position. As a result, the biasing means
do not prevent assembly of a system as described herein.
[0482] Also, as indicated, the connection system (1200) may include
structure or visual indications that inform a user which direction
a component should be rotated to secure a suppressor to, or release
it from, a gun.
Nielson Decoupler
[0483] Referring now to FIGS. 39 to 46 showing a suppressor (300)
according to an alternate embodiment of the invention.
[0484] The suppressor (300) includes a Nielson decoupler configured
to at least partially reduce transfer of momentum to a firearm to
which the suppressor (300) is secured in use. The momentum may be
transferred by gas created on firing a firearm contacting baffles
within the suppressor (300). However, the Nielson decoupler
provides a mechanism to absorb at least a portion of the momentum
transferred to the suppressor (300) in use and thereby reduce the
energy which may be transferred to the firearm.
[0485] The suppressor includes a piston (320). The piston (320)
includes screw thread (322) configured to engage a corresponding
screw thread on a gun barrel (not shown in the Figures) to thereby
facilitate securing the suppressor (300) to a gun (not shown). The
piston (320) includes a body (330) which has a general cylindrical
shape and is hollow. Therefore, the body (330) defines a passageway
through which a bullet may travel.
[0486] The body (330) includes radially spaced apart slot apertures
(340).
[0487] Protrusions (350) extend from the body (330). The
protrusions (350) define peaks and troughs as are best seen in FIG.
29. The suppressor (300) is a cylindrical body having an internal
cavity. Baffles (not shown in the Figures) are secured within the
suppressor (300).
[0488] The body (330) includes a second series of radially spaced
apart slot apertures (352). The slot apertures (352) are orientated
to "twist" around the circumference of the body (330).
[0489] The suppressor (300) may have any known internal baffle
structure, or utilise baffle structures discussed herein.
[0490] The suppressor (300) has a first opening (302) and a second
opening (304).
[0491] The suppressor (300) includes an internal screw thread (309)
as is best seen in FIGS. 30 and 32. The screw thread (354) is
configured to engage with a corresponding screw thread (356) on a
locking nut (360).
[0492] A channel is defined by a channel wall (354) that extends
from internal screw thread (354) towards an end (360) of suppressor
(300).
[0493] Channel end wall (368) extends away from channel wall
(364).
[0494] The channel end wall (368) includes a circular aperture (not
labeled in the Figures). The circular aperture has a shape and size
corresponding to the diameter of body (330) so that the body (330)
can move through the aperture.
[0495] To assemble the Nielson decoupler (320), an absorber in the
form of a compression spring (370) is provided. In use, the spring
(370) at least partially absorbs the gas force against the baffles
created on firing of the gun. The compression spring (372) is
positioned around the body (330) to bear against a side of the
protrusions (350).
[0496] The piston (320) is inserted through the opening, moved
along the channel, and through the circular opening (not labeled)
in the channel end wall (364).
[0497] The locking nut (380) is positioned about body (330) and
rotated so that screw threads (356, 322) engage each other. This
secures the piston (320) to the body (330).
[0498] This configuration is shown in FIG. 30 e.g. the spring (370)
is not completely or substantially compressed. In other words, in
this configuration the spring (370) can still be further compressed
if sufficient force is applied thereto.
[0499] Referring now to FIGS. 27 & 30-32.
[0500] FIGS. 27 and 30 show views of the suppressor (300) with the
spring (370) in an unloaded (non-compressed) configuration. This is
the normal configuration.
[0501] However, on firing of a gun (not shown) to which the
suppressor (300) is secured, expansion of gases within the
suppressor (300) provides an urging force to move the suppressor
(300) in the direction shown by arrow X in FIGS. 31 and 32. The
urging force causes an end (30) of suppressor (300) to move along
the length of body (300). It should be noted that locking nut (360)
moves at a corresponding rate to end (30). This is because the
locking nut (300) is not fixedly attached to the body (330).
[0502] In-effect, channel (362) enables the separation between
locking nut (360) and the protrusions (350) to be decreased. This
compresses the spring (307) between the locking nut (360) and the
protrusions (350). Therefore, the spring (370) can absorb gas
forces imported to the suppressor (300) on firing of the gun (not
shown).
[0503] The spring (370) provides an urging force to move suppressor
in a direction opposite to arrow X shown in FIGS. 31 and 32.
[0504] The protrusions (350) provide an alignment function. That
is, the protrusions (350) touch, and can slide along, an inner
surface of channel wall (368) irrespective of the compression of
spring (360).
[0505] The protrusions are also positioned with respect to the
screw thread (350) to provide an alignment function. That is, the
protrusions (350) will help to ensure that the suppressor body
(300) does not dip or droop which would cause it to be misaligned
with the piston (320) and thereby is substantially maintained in
alignment with the gun barrel (not shown in the Figures).
Method of Manufacture
[0506] Different products according to the present invention can be
manufactured using the same method. Accordingly, one method of
manufacturing a product is described herein.
[0507] The method is performed using an additive layering
manufacturing system, the representative components of which is
indicated as (32) are shown in FIG. 7.
[0508] The system (32) includes a computer programming apparatus
(33) as should be known to one skilled in the art. The computer
programming apparatus is programmed to perform any of all of the
steps of the method described herein. In addition, the apparatus is
programmed to, or may be configured to, performs steps in the
method so as to manufacture the embodiments of the suppressors
described herein.
[0509] The computer programming apparatus (33) is configured to
communicate with a laser metal sintering ("LMS") apparatus
(34).
[0510] Operation of the LMS apparatus (32) is as should be known to
one skilled in the art, and therefore the specifics of the method
are not reiterated here. However, parameters such as selection of
the starter material, temperature required to achieve necessary
fusing of layers of particles of starter material etc. are as known
to one skilled in the art.
[0511] Referring now to FIG. 8 showing a schematic of the steps
involved in manufacturing a product according to the present
invention.
[0512] At step (35) an electronic model of a suppressor is created
using a modelling package such as CAD Solid Works on computer
programming apparatus (33).
[0513] Developing the CAD model involves the step of determining a
build direction for the product. The build direction is an
orientation for a product to be manufactured such as a suppressor
with respect to a substrate in the LMS Apparatus (34). The build
direction defines the order in which layers of the powdered
material are deposited and sintered so as to form the product.
[0514] In a preferred embodiment, the build direction requires
building a suppressor such as (1) from the second end wall (4).
[0515] Developing the model of a product to be manufactured
involves the step of determining the angle between various
components. For instance, in manufacturing a suppressor (1), a
person would determine the angle between an underside of a baffle
and a substantially horizontal plane (28).
[0516] In addition, internal structures inside a cavity in the
product are determined. These will depend on the shape and
configuration of the product to be produced. The features of the
components are selected according to the relationships described
herein so as to ensure that the product can be manufactured using
the LMS apparatus.
[0517] At step (36) the CAD model is separated into a number of
layers of a nominal thickness between 0.01 mm-0.03 mm.
[0518] The model and information on the layers is transmitted from
the computer programming apparatus (33) in which the model is
created to the LMS apparatus (34).
[0519] At step (37) a build substrate (not shown) in the Figures is
provided in the LMS apparatus (34).
[0520] The substrate provides a surface on which the product can be
manufactured.
[0521] At step (38) the LMS apparatus (34) applies a layer of a
titanium oxide alloy in a powder form onto the substrate. A laser
(not shown) forming part of the LMS apparatus (34) selectively
applies a laser beam to portions of the layer of titanium oxide
powder deposited on the substrate (not shown). This causes the
laser to selectively heat the titanium oxide powder so as to fuse
adjacent particles together. The laser heats a portion of the
layered titanium oxide powder corresponding to a first layer of the
model of the product generated at step (35). This forms a first
sintered layer.
[0522] At step (39) a wiper (not shown in the Figures) forming part
of the LMS apparatus (34) is used to apply another layer of
titanium oxide powder on top of the first sintered layer.
[0523] This corresponds to the second layer of the CAD model
generated at step (36).
[0524] Steps (38 and 39) are repeated so as to substantially form
the product.
[0525] The formed product can be removed from the LMS apparatus
(34) and separated from the substrate (not shown).
Unsuccessful Suppressor Design
[0526] Referring now to FIG. 12 showing a suppressor (94) that is
unlikely to be successfully manufactured using LMS techniques.
[0527] The suppressor (94) is designed so that build direction
indicated by arrow (95) in FIG. 12 starts from second end wall
(4).
[0528] The baffles (12-14) would build successfully.
[0529] However, the suppressor (94) includes a shelf (96).
[0530] The angle (X) between an underside (97), of shelf (96) and
an inner wall (2B) of the suppressor is substantially 90
degrees.
[0531] As a result, there is insufficient support for layers of the
powdered feed material deposited through a manufacturing of the
suppressor (94). As a result, the shelf (96) would not successfully
build using an LMS technique.
[0532] In addition, the shelf (96) and baffle (14) integrally
joined to the shelf (96), have different thicknesses. This is
necessary to try to ensure that sufficient material is deposited to
enable building of a subsequent baffle up from the shelf (96).
However, the different thicknesses lead to thermal gradient
throughout the components of the suppressor (94). Those thermal
gradients are a result of parameters of the LMS apparatus (34)
being fixed (invariable) during the manufacturer of a particular
part. As a result, it is not possible to vary the amount of energy
which laser of the LMS apparatus (34) imparts to different parts of
the suppressor (94) during its manufacture. As a result, the
parameters of the laser are often selected so as to provide an
average suitable for use in preforming all parts of the suppressor
any given part. However though, the average chosen will not work
with all particular components, meaning that selection of design
features is particularly important to successfully building of
suppressors.
[0533] Aspects of the present invention have been described by way
of example only and it should be appreciated that modifications and
additions may be made thereto without departing from the scope
thereof as defined in the appended claims.
[0534] While the invention has been described in connection with
what are presently considered to be the most practical and
preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is
not to be limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, it
is intended that the specification covers various modifications and
equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the
invention. Also, the various embodiments described above may be
implemented in conjunction with other embodiments, e.g., aspects of
one embodiment may be combined with aspects of another embodiment
to realise yet other embodiments, Further, each independent feature
or component of any given assembly may constitute an additional
embodiment.
* * * * *