U.S. patent application number 14/661027 was filed with the patent office on 2016-05-05 for cleansing compositions.
The applicant listed for this patent is JOHNSON & JOHNSON CONSUMER, INC.. Invention is credited to Joseph James Greco, Claudia Kaminski, Prithwiraj Maitra, Snehal M. Shah.
Application Number | 20160120778 14/661027 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 52808166 |
Filed Date | 2016-05-05 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160120778 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Greco; Joseph James ; et
al. |
May 5, 2016 |
CLEANSING COMPOSITIONS
Abstract
A personal care composition including at least one dry emollient
and one oily emollient, where the personal care composition is free
of silicone or silicone containing materials.
Inventors: |
Greco; Joseph James; (South
Plainfield, NJ) ; Kaminski; Claudia; (Milford,
NJ) ; Maitra; Prithwiraj; (Hillsborough, NJ) ;
Shah; Snehal M.; (Hillsborough, NJ) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
JOHNSON & JOHNSON CONSUMER, INC. |
Skillman |
NJ |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
52808166 |
Appl. No.: |
14/661027 |
Filed: |
March 18, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
62074691 |
Nov 4, 2014 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
514/512 ;
206/494 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47K 7/02 20130101; A61K
8/37 20130101; A47K 10/32 20130101; A61Q 19/00 20130101; A61K 8/33
20130101; A61K 8/0208 20130101; A61K 2800/34 20130101; A47K
2010/3266 20130101; A61Q 1/14 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61K 8/37 20060101
A61K008/37; A47K 7/02 20060101 A47K007/02; A61K 8/02 20060101
A61K008/02; A47K 10/32 20060101 A47K010/32; A61Q 1/14 20060101
A61Q001/14; A61Q 19/00 20060101 A61Q019/00 |
Claims
1. A personal care composition comprising: (a) from about 8 weight
percent to about 12 weight percent, based upon the total weight of
the personal care composition, of at least one dry emollient,
wherein said dry emollient is dicaprylyl carbonate, and one oily
emollient, wherein said oily emollient is heptyl undecylenate; (b)
from about 85 weight percent to about 90 weight percent, based upon
the total weight of the personal care composition, of water;
wherein the personal care composition is free of silicone or
silicone containing materials.
2. (canceled)
3. The personal care composition of claim 1, wherein said dry
emollient and oily emollient are present in a weight ratio of about
3:1 to about 1:1.
4. The personal care composition of claim 1, wherein said dry
emollient and oily emollient are present in a weight ratio of about
3:1.
5. The personal care composition of claim 1, further comprising a
humectant and an emulsifier.
6. The personal care composition of claim 1, further comprising a
preservative.
7. The personal care composition of claim 1, further comprising a
neutralizer.
8. (canceled)
9. A method of cleaning the skin of a user without irritating skin,
comprising the step of: (a) applying a personal care composition to
the skin of a user, the personal care composition comprising: (i)
from about 8 weight percent to about 12 weight percent, based upon
the total weight of the personal care composition, of at least one
dry emollient, wherein said dry emollient is dicaprylyl carbonate,
and one oily emollient, wherein said oily emollient is heptyl
undecylenate; (ii) from about 85 weight percent to about 90 weight
percent, based upon the total weight of the personal care
composition, of water; wherein the personal care composition is
free of silicone or silicone containing materials; and (b) one of
rinsing the personal care composition off the skin, leaving the
personal care composition to dry on the skin, or wiping the
personal care composition off the skin.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein said step of applying comprises
applying by a wipe, sheet, sponge, or brush.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein said step of applying comprises
applying by hand.
12. (canceled)
13. The method of claim 9, wherein said dry emollient and oily
emollient are present in a weight ratio of about 3:1 to about
1:1.
14. The method of claim 9, wherein said dry emollient and oily
emollient are present in a weight ratio of about 3:1.
15. The method of claim 9, wherein the personal care composition
further comprises a humectant and an emulsifier.
16. The method of claim 9, wherein the personal care composition
further comprises a preservative.
17. The method of claim 9, wherein the personal care composition
further comprises a neutralizer.
18. (canceled)
19. (canceled)
20. A cleansing kit comprising a resealable package and a plurality
of wipes, wherein each wipe contains a personal care composition of
claim 1.
Description
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional
application 62/074,691 filed on Nov. 4, 2014, the complete
disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference for
all purposes.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to cleansing compositions,
particularly cleaners for the skin and for make-up removal
applications. Specifically, the personal care compositions are
useful for providing non-irritating cleansing to users, and
therefore are suitable for individuals with sensitive skin and
eyes. The compositions provide suitable cleaning of at least three
types of cosmetics, while leaving the skin feeling clean and
without a greasy residue. The compositions are sufficiently free of
silicone or silicone-containing materials.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Because of the wide variety of skin, hair and nail problems
faced by consumers, consumers have long sought personal care
products which can cleanse the skin, or deliver and/or deposit
benefit agents that alleviate such problems. A facial cleanser
should desirably provide a suitable cleansing efficiency for
removal of foundation, mascara and lipstick. It is important,
however, to avoid sacrificing the ability of products to adequately
cleanse the skin in favor of reducing irritation to a user. Many
delivery systems sacrifice aesthetics and cleaning ability in order
to achieve stability and reduced irritation. This is particularly
true when such products are to be used on sensitive areas, such as
on the face, and even more particularly, in the very sensitive
regions surrounding the eyes. When high amounts of particular
cleansers, such as dry emollients, are used as the sole cleansing
component, there is a risk of irritation of the eyes and skin,
particularly in the face. Some cleansers have attempted to provide
suitable non-irritation through the use of compositions including
silicones. The present invention seeks to avoid using silicones
while still providing a non-irritating or at least reduced
irritating cleanser while achieving superior cleansing
efficacy.
[0004] Accordingly, it would be desirable to create such a
composition that is capable of cleaning the skin of a user
adequately, where the composition has a low degree of ocular and
skin irritation and avoids the use of silicones.
SUMMARY
[0005] In some aspects, the present invention includes a cleansing
composition, a method of making or using a cleansing composition,
and kits including a cleansing composition, where the cleansing
composition includes a combination of a dry emollient and an oily
emollient. The cleansing composition is desirably free of silicone
or silicone-containing components. The cleansing composition may be
provided or used as a wipe, where the wipe includes a sufficient
amount of the cleansing composition contained therein.
[0006] The invention may be a personal care composition including:
(a) from about 8 weight percent to about 12 weight percent, based
upon the total weight of the composition, of at least one dry
emollient and one oily emollient; (b) from about 85 weight percent
to about 90 weight percent, based upon the total weight of the
composition, of water; where the personal care composition is free
of silicone or silicone containing materials.
[0007] In some aspects, there is included a method of cleaning the
skin of a user without irritating skin, including the step of: (a)
applying a personal care composition to the skin of a user, the
composition including: (i) from about 8 weight percent to about 12
weight percent, based upon the total weight of the composition, of
at least one dry emollient and one oily emollient; (ii) from about
85 weight percent to about 90 weight percent, based upon the total
weight of the composition, of water; where the personal care
composition is free of silicone or silicone containing materials;
and (b) one of rinsing the composition off the skin, leaving the
composition to dry on the skin, or wiping the composition off the
skin.
[0008] The invention may further include a cleansing kit or method
of using a cleansing kit, the kit including a resealable package
and a plurality of wipes, where each wipe contains a sufficient
amount of a personal care composition contained therewithin.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0009] FIG. 1 is a chart summarizing the test data of Example
3.
[0010] FIG. 2 is a chart summarizing the test data for five cycles
in Example 4.
[0011] FIG. 3 is a chart summarizing the test data for ten cycles
in Example 4.
[0012] FIG. 4 is a chart summarizing the test data for five cycles
in Example 5.
[0013] FIG. 5 is a chart summarizing the test data for ten cycles
in Example 5.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The present invention provides compositions and materials
that deliver optimal properties. As used herein, the term "optimal"
includes comparable or improved cleansing efficacy when compared to
known cleansers. Optimal does not necessarily mean 100% cleansing
efficiency, but rather is a suitable efficiency to remove various
cosmetics from the face. Other benefits provided by the cleaning
compositions of the present invention may include one or more of
the following: aesthetics, reduced greasiness, low irritation of
skin and eyes, achieving shorter drying time and lower cost,
reducing the amount of cleansing agents in the composition, and
enabling the cleaning compositions to be free of silicone.
[0015] As used herein, the term "percent" shall refer to the weight
percent. As also used herein, the term "water dispersible
component" shall mean a material that produces a uniform, clear or
hazy, mixture when combined with at least a weight equivalent of
water. The term "benefit agent" used herein includes any active
ingredient that is to be delivered into and/or onto the skin, hair
or nail at a desired location, including but not limited to agents
such as a cosmetic agent or a pharmaceutical agent. By "cosmetic
agent," it is meant any ingredient that is appropriate for
cosmetically treating, providing nutrients to, and/or conditioning
the hair, nail, and/or skin via topical application. By
"pharmaceutical agent," it is mean any drug that is appropriate for
topical use. As used herein, "medicament agents" include those
agents capable of promoting recovery from injury and illness.
[0016] Generally, the present invention includes cleaning
compositions including a combination of water, thickener(s),
humectant(s), emollient(s), preservative(s), fragrance(s),
excipient(s), extract(s), and sodium hydroxide. Various
combinations of the foregoing components are useful in the present
invention. The compositions may be useful in liquid or gel form, to
be applied by hand, or in combination with a wipe, sheet or sponge,
so as to be applied by an applicator device.
[0017] The cleansing compositions useful in the present invention
may be formulated comprising a combination of at least two
emollients As used herein, "emollients" refer to materials used for
cleansing the skin, hair, and eye lashes, the prevention or relief
of dryness, or for the protection of the skin. Examples of
emollients include, but are not limited to, hydrophobic compounds
such as vegetable oils, mineral oils (e.g., petrolatum), fatty
esters (e.g., isopropyl palmitate, c12-c15 alkyl benzoate)
including those fatty esters of glycerol and the like.
[0018] It is desirable to include a combination of a "dry"
emollient and an oily emollient. Dry emollients and oily emollients
will be understood through a description of the material and
examples suitable for such emollient. For example, dicaprylyl
carbonate is considered a "dry" emollient, in that it dries and is
removed from the skin of a user fairly rapidly. One particular oily
emollient is heptyl undecylenate, which is more oily and is more
difficult to remove from the skin of a user, but provides suitable
cleansing. Although each emollient can provide suitable cleansing
when used in high amounts (e.g., about 8-12%) by itself, it is
particularly desired to use a combination of emollients to
adequately clean but also protect the skin. When a dry emollient is
used by itself in amounts of about 8-12%, there is a risk of
irritation of the skin and eyes, particularly over time as the
emollient penetrates the skin. When an oily emollient is used by
itself in amounts of about 8-12%, it leaves a greasy/oily residue
on the skin, which must be removed with further washing. Thus, in
the present invention, it is useful to avoid cleansing compositions
include only a dry emollient or only an oily emollient. In an
embodiment of the present invention, it may be desired to include a
combination of a first dry emollient (e.g., dicaprylyl carbonate)
and a first oily emollient (e.g., heptyl undecylenate). It may also
be desired to include these two components in a combined amount of
about 6-10 percent by weight of the total composition, more
desirably about 8% by weight of the total composition. As will be
described in more detail below, when a combination of dry and oily
emollients is used, the ratio of dry:oily emollient is from about
6:1 to about 1:1, and more desirably about 3:1 to about 1:1. Thus,
for example, a cleansing composition may include about 6% dry
emollient and about 2% oily emollient.
[0019] In another embodiment of the present invention, it may be
desired to include a dry emollient and an oily emollient in
combination with humectants and an emulsifying agent, such as a
glyceride or triglyceride. For example, a combination may include
caprylic/capric triglyceride, dicaprylyl carbonate, propanediol and
heptyl undecylenate. Other components that may be useful in the
present invention also include mineral oil, lanolin, vegetable
oils, isostearyl isostearate, isostearyl palmitate, isostearyl
isononanoate, glyceryl laurate, hexanoates, including
pentaerythrityl tetraethylhexanoate and cetyl ethylhexanoate,
methyl gluceth-10, methyl gluceth-20 chitosan, and mixtures
thereof. The composition is desirably free of silicone or
silicone-containing components.
[0020] As noted above, the relative amounts and ratios of certain
components are useful in providing the desired product. For
example, it is useful to include a weight ratio of a dry emollient
(e.g., dicaprylyl carbonate) to an oily emollient (e.g., heptyl
undecylenate) of about 3:1. The compositions may include water in
an amount of about 80 to about 95 percent of the composition, and
more desirably between about 85-92 percent water by weight of the
total composition. Water may be present in an amount sufficient as
required. The inventive compositions may include thickeners,
emollients, humectants, emulsifying agents, preservatives,
extracts, excipients, fragrances, neutralizers, and stabilizers in
an amount of from about 20 to about 5 percent, and more desirably
about 15 to about 8 percent by weight of the composition.
Thickeners may be present in an amount of about 0.1 to about 0.5
percent by weight of the composition. Emollients may be present in
an amount of from about 5 to about 15 percent by weight of the
composition, and more specifically about 6 to about 12 percent by
weight of the composition. Humectants may be present in an amount
of from about 1 to about 5 percent by weight of the composition.
Surfactants may be present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about
3 percent by weight of the composition. Preservatives may be
present in an amount of about 0.5 to about 2 percent by weight of
the composition. Fragrances may be present in an amount of about
0.1 to about 0.5 percent by weight of the composition. Extracts may
be present in an amount of about 0.05 to about 0.1 percent by
weight of the composition. If used, a neutralizer such as sodium
hydroxide may be present in minor amounts, such as about 0.01 to
about 0.05 percent by weight of the composition. Optional benefit
agents may be present in any desired amount.
[0021] As noted above, the personal care composition includes a
particular combination of dry and oily emollients. If only two
emollients are used in combination, it is useful to include a
carbonate, such as dicaprylyl carbonate as the dry emollient, and
heptyl undecylenate as the oily emollient. Compositions may
additionally include one or both of a glyceride, such as
caprylic/capric triglyceride and a humectant, such as an aliphatic
diol, such as propanediol.
[0022] A useful emollient useful in the present invention includes
dry emollients. Any suitable dry emollients may be used, including,
for example, a carbonate ester, an ester of carbonic acid, having
the structure:
##STR00001##
where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be the same or may be different, and
are C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 alkyl groups. A preferred carbonate ester
is dicapryl carbonate, also known as dioctylcarbonate, dicaprylyl
carbonate, or carbonic acid, dioctyl ester. Dicaprylyl carbonate is
commercially available under the trade name Cetiol CC, available
from BASF. Dicaprylyl carbonate has the following structure:
##STR00002##
[0023] Other useful carbonate esters include, but not limited to
cetyl carbonate, cetearyl carbonate, stearyl carbonate,
C.sub.12-C.sub.15 alkyl carbonate and the like. The dry emollient
is particularly useful in the present inventive compositions. In
some aspects, the dry emollient is present in an amount of equal to
or greater than other emollients in the composition.
[0024] A second useful emollient of the present invention is an
oily emollient, as described above, which may include heptyl
undecylenate (also known as 10-undecenoic acid heptyl ester).
Heptyl undecylenate is commercially available under the trade name
LexFeel, available from Inolex. Oily emollients are useful due to
their ability to remain on the skin surface or in the stratum
corneum to act as a lubricant, to reduce flaking, and to improve
the skin's appearance, as well as to remove oily compositions and
cosmetics from the skin. Other useful oily emollients include
esters such as, but not limited to tridecyl neopentanoate,
isostearyl palmitate, cetyl ricinoleate, cetyl octanoate, isononyl
isononanoate, butyl stearate, octyldodecyl soyate, tridecyl
erucate, and octyldodecyl erucate/eicosil erucate, diisopropyl
adipate, dioctyl sebacate, dioctyl succinate, dioctyl maleate,
diisostearyl adipate, and diethyl sebacate.
[0025] The cleaning composition may additionally include an
emulsifying agent. One example of an emulsifying agent is a
glyceride or a triglyceride, an ester derived from glycerol and
three fatty acids, having the structure:
##STR00003##
[0026] Wherein R is linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated,
C6-C30 alkyl moieties, such as decyl, undecyl, dodecyl (lauryl),
tridecyl, tetradecyl (myristyl), pentadecyl, hexadecyl (cetyl,
palmityl), heptadecyl, heptadecenyl, hepta-8-decenyl,
hepta-8,11-decenyl, octadecyl (stearyl), nonadecyl, eicosanyl,
henicosen-12-yl, henicosanyl, docosanyl (behenyl), and the like.
Certain preferred hydrophobic moieties include heptadecyl,
heptadecenyl, hepta-8-decenyl, hepta-8,11-decenyl and the like.
Preferably, the triglyceride is a caprylic/capric acid triglyceride
also known as caprylic/capric acid triglyceride; decanoic acid,
ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate; decanoic acid, ester with
1,2,3-prpanetriol octanoate; decanonic acid, ester with
1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate; glycerol calrylate caprinate;
glycerol caprylate caprinate; octanoic/decanoic acid triglyceride;
ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate decanoic acid; ester with
1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate decanoic acid; or ester with
1,2,3-propanetriol octanoate decanonic acid EWG.
[0027] Caprylic/capric triglyceride may be made from fractionated
coconut oil, meaning a specific density of the coconut oil is
extracted. This oil has a very long shelf life and is a suitable
carrier oil for essential oils, and plant and flower extracts and
may be useful to help create a barrier on the skin which helps skin
to retain moisture and protect the skin. Caprylic/capric
triglyceride is available under the trade names Tegosoft
CT/Crodamol GTCC, commercially available from Evonik Industries.
Other useful triglycerides include, but not limited to
esterification products formed from glycerol and fatty acids such
as adipic acid, succinic acid, sebacic acid, maleic acid, lauric
acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid and any
combination thereof.
[0028] Another useful component in the present invention is a
humectant, such as an aliphatic diol. One suitable such diol is
propanediol (or 1,2, propane diol). Suitable aliphatic diols
include those commercially available under the trade name Zemea,
available from DuPont. Other useful aliphatic diols include, but
are not limited to butanediol, pentanediol and hexanediol, and
derivatives thereof.
[0029] As explained above, it is useful to include a combination of
at least a first dry emollient and a first oily emollient. If the
composition includes only about 8-10% of a dry emollient, the
composition has a risk of irritation to the skin, particularly when
the skin is the face and near the eyes. Further, over time, the dry
emollient begins to penetrate the skin and risk damaging healthy
components of the skin. If the composition includes only about
8-10% of an oily emollient, the composition is difficult to remove
from the skin and requires further washing to remove the
composition after it is applied. Use of compositions including only
oily emollients as the cleansing agent leaves the user's skin
feeling greasy and requires further cleaning.
[0030] The various emollients may be provided in any desired
combination, and preferably a dry emollient and an oily emollient
are included in a ratio of about 3 to about 1 (by weight). Thus, in
one example, dicaprylyl carbonate may be present in an amount of
about 6 percent by weight of the composition and heptyl
undecylenate may be present in an amount of about 2 percent by
weight of the composition (or any other amounts within the 3:1
ratio). In some embodiments, the dry emollient may be present in an
amount approximately equal to the amount of the oily emollient
(e.g., dicaprylyl carbonate in an amount of 4% and heptyl
undecylenate in an amount of 4%). In embodiments including a
humectant, it may be included in an amount less than the dicaprylyl
carbonate, and in some embodiments, the humectant may be present in
an amount approximately equal to the heptyl undecylenate. If
included, a triglyceride may be present in an amount less than
dicaprylyl carbonate, and may be present in an amount less than
heptyl undecylenate.
[0031] The compositions described herein are useful in removing
various cosmetic products from the skin of users, and in
particular, are useful in removing mascara, foundation and lipstick
efficiently and without remaining residue. Mascara is a notoriously
difficult cosmetic material to remove from skin, as it deposits
high levels of film formers and includes a relatively high level of
hydrophobic materials. Further, mascara includes a high level of
carbon dark pigments, giving it a dark color. In addition, since
mascara is typically applied on the eyes or eyelashes, cleaning
requires a gentle, low pressure and non-planar application.
Lipstick presents its own difficulties in removal, as it includes
anhydrous materials, such as waxes, which may be difficult to
remove. Foundation provides some difficulty as well, as it is
typically an emulsion and may include silicones, which cause it to
remain on the skin. Cosmetics today are geared towards a "24-hour"
use, where the cosmetic remains on the skin of the user for an
extended period of time. These "long-lasting" cosmetics have a high
transfer resistance, making them difficult to remove.
[0032] To provide a material that effectively and sufficiently
removes enough of these three cosmetic materials is particularly
desired. Further, it is desired to provide a composition that does
not leave an oily or greasy residue on the surface of the skin,
since such oily cleansers may be difficult to remove and leave the
user with an unclean feeling. In addition, it is important that the
cleansing composition provide low or no irritation to the skin,
particularly the eyes. For this reason, it is useful to include a
combination of a dry emollient and an oily emollient. Although
compositions including only dry emollients may be suitable as
cleaners, they risk irritation to the user. Similarly, compositions
including only oily emollients are useful in cleaning the cosmetic,
they leave an oily and greasy residue and therefore are less
desired in the present compositions.
[0033] Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a
personal care system comprising, consisting, or consisting
essentially of, based upon the total weight of the personal care
system, a) at least about 5 percent or at least about 10 percent of
the combination of emollients in the personal care composition
described above; b) from about 80 percent to about 95 percent, and
preferably from about 85 percent to about 92 percent of water; c)
from about 0.1 percent to 5 percent, preferably, from about 0.5
percent to about 1.5 percent of a polymeric emulsifier, a
thickener, or mixture thereof; d) from about 0.001 to about 0.05
percent a neutralizer; and optionally e) from about 0.001 percent
to about 5 percent of a benefit agent. In one embodiment, the
personal care system may comprise, based upon the total weight of
the personal care system, from about 0.1 to about 5 percent, and
preferably from about 0.5 percent to 1.5 percent of a polymeric
emulsifier and/or from about 0.01 percent to about 2 percent, and
preferably from about 0.01 percent to about 0.5 percent of a
thickener. More preferably, the personal care system contains,
based upon the total weight of the personal care system, non-water
components from about 5 percent to about 20 percent of the personal
care composition.
[0034] The personal care system may be in the form of an
oil-in-water emulsion, a water-in-oil emulsion, or a
dispersion.
[0035] In addition to the emollients described above, the personal
care system may include polymeric emulsifiers and/or thickeners.
Emulsifiers that may be useful include the emulsifying agents
described above, such as glycerides or triglycerides, including,
for example, caprylic/capric triglyceride. As used herein, the term
"polymeric emulsifier" shall mean those compounds capable of
emulsifying systems whereby the polymeric emulsifiers have a
molecular weight of at least about 5000, and preferably are block
copolymers having a hydrophilic portion and a hydrophobic portion.
When used at amounts effective for emulsifying the personal care
system, the polymeric emulsifiers surprisingly do not cause
significant eye sting, i.e., when the emulsifier-containing
composition was used by 80 consumers in the eye area, no more than
about 5% of such users expressed discomfort around the eye area.
Examples of suitable polymeric emulsifiers nonexclusively include
polyethylene glycol-30 dipolyhydroxystearate available from Uniqema
under the tradename, "Arlacel P-135;" dimethicone copolyol, which
is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corporation under the
tradename, "Abil EM 90"; substituted acrylates such as those
available from The Goodrich Corporation under the tradename,
"Pemulen"; and mixtures thereof.
[0036] Examples of suitable hydrophilic thickeners nonexclusively
include carbomers available from B.F. Goodrich under the tradename,
"Carbopol ETD 2020", acrylate copolymers and acrylate
crosspolymers, hydroxyethylcellulose modified with cetyl ether
groups available from Hercules under the tradename, "Natrosol
Plus", polyvinylmethyl ether/maleic anhydride (PVM/MA) decadiene
crosspolymer available from International Specialty Products under
the tradename, "Stabileze QM," and copolymers and mixtures thereof,
with carbomers being preferred. Examples of suitable acrylate
copolymers nonexclusively include acrylate copolymers available
from Rohm & Haas under the tradename, "Aculyn 33,"
acrylates/aminoacrylates copolymer available from National Starch
& Chemical Company under the tradename, "Structure Plus,"
acrylates/steareth-20 itaconate copolymer available from National
Starch & Chemical Company under the tradename, "Structure
2001," acrylates/ceteth-20 itaconate copolymer available from
National Starch & Chemical Company under the tradename,
"Structure 3001," acrylates/steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer
available from Rohm & Haas under the tradename, "Aculyn 22,"
and copolymers and mixtures thereof.
[0037] Preservatives that may be useful in the present invention
include, for example, ethylhexylglycerin, dehydroacetic acid,
benzoic acid, phenoxyethanol, polyaminopropyl biguanide,
chlorphenesin, PEG-4 Laurate, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, and
mixtures thereof.
[0038] Fragrances may be used in the present invention as desired.
Suitable fragrances include those commonly known and used in
cleansers, including non-irritating fragrances. Some fragrances
that may be useful in the present invention include, for example,
diva mod 4 RY-007326 and orchid dew, among other suitable
non-irritating fragrances.
[0039] Extracts useful in the present invention include, for
example, glycerin, hydrolyzed caesalpinia spinosa gum and protein
extracts, such as soybean protein extract. The invention may
further include any desired excipient or combination of
excipients.
[0040] The personal care system of the present invention may also
optionally contain a stability enhancer for the purpose of
enhancing the stability of the benefit agent and/or the aesthetics
of the personal care system. Generally, the stability enhancer is
selected from a nonionic emulsifier, an essentially non-foaming
surfactant or mixtures thereof. Examples of suitable nonionic
emulsifiers include isocetheth-20, oleth-2, mixture of PEG-40
hydrogenated castor oil and trideceth-9 available from Dragoco Inc.
under the tradename, "Dragoco Solubilizer 2/014160," Poloxamer 184,
laureth-4, sorbitan trioleate, polyoxyethylene-(2) oleyl ether,
sorbitan stearate, cetearyl glucoside, glyceryl oleate,
trideceth-9, polyethylene glycol-40 hydrogenated castor oil, and
mixtures thereof.
[0041] Examples of suitable essentially non-foaming surfactants
include non-foaming nonionic surfactants such as sucrose esters,
e.g., sucrose cocoate, sucrose stearate and mixtures thereof, with
sucrose cocoate being preferred, which is commercially available
under the trade name Tegosoft LSE, available from Evonik
Industries. By "essentially non-foaming," it is meant that the
surfactant, when used with the composition of the present
invention, has a column height of less than about 20 mm as
determined by the Ross-Miles Foam Generation Test. See 18 (I.) Oil
& Soap 99-102 (1941)["Ross-Miles Test"), which is incorporated
by reference herein. The personal care composition and the personal
care system may either be rinseable with water or may be wiped-off.
Preferably, the essentially, non-foaming surfactants are used in
embodiments wherein the personal care system or the personal care
composition is rinseable with water. An example of a suitable
stability enhancer include a mixture of sorbitan stearate and
sucrose cocoate available from Uniqema under the tradename,
"Arlatone 2121."
[0042] When desired, the personal care system may contain, based
upon the total weight of the personal care system, less than about
6%, and preferably 5%, of the stability enhancers for cream
formulations and may include no more than about 2%, and preferably
no more than 1% of the stability enhancers in thin lotion/milk
formulations.
[0043] The personal care system and personal care composition may
also optionally contain a foaming surfactant. The foaming
surfactant may be non-ionic, cationic, amphoteric, or anionic;
nonionic surfactants are preferred. By "foaming," it is meant that
the surfactant, when used with the composition of the present
invention, has a column height of foam greater than about 20 mm as
determined by the Ross-Miles Test. As used herein, the term
"amphoteric" shall mean: 1) molecules that contain both acidic and
basic sites such as, for example, an amino acid containing both
amino (basic) and acid (e.g., carboxylic acid, acidic) functional
groups; or 2) zwitterionic molecules which possess both positive
and negative charges within the same molecule. The charges of the
latter may be either dependent on or independent of the pH of the
composition. Examples of zwitterionic materials include, but are
not limited to, alkyl betaines and amidoalkyl betaines. Examples of
suitable and preferred surfactants may be found in International
Patent Application Number WO97/01196, which is incorporated by
reference in its entirety herein.
[0044] The personal care system and personal care composition may
further optionally contain one or more benefit agents or
pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof. As used herein, the term
"benefit agent" includes any active ingredient that is to be
delivered into and/or onto the skin, hair or nail at a desired
location, such as a cosmetic agent or a pharmaceutical agent. By
"cosmetic agent," it is meant any ingredient that is appropriate
for cosmetically treating, providing nutrients to, and/or
conditioning the hair, nail, and/or skin via topical application.
By "pharmaceutical agent," it is mean any drug that is either
hydrophobic or hydrophilic in nature and appropriate for topical
use. As used herein "medicament agents" include those agents
capable of promoting recovery from injury and illness.
[0045] The benefit agents useful herein may be categorized by their
therapeutic benefit or their postulated mode of action. However, it
is to be understood that the benefit agents useful herein may, in
some circumstances, provide more than one therapeutic benefit or
operate via greater than one mode of action. Therefore, the
particular classifications provided herein are made for the sake of
convenience and are not intended to limit the benefit agents to the
particular application(s) listed. In addition, the compounds, which
are identified below as being suitable for use as benefit agents,
may be used in an amount over and above the amount that they may be
used for other purposes in the personal care composition or
personal care system.
[0046] Examples of suitable benefit agents include, but are not
limited to, depigmentation agents; reflectants; detangling/wet
combing agents; film forming polymers; humectants; amino acids and
their derivatives; antimicrobial agents; allergy inhibitors;
anti-acne agents; anti-aging agents; anti-wrinkling agents,
antiseptics; analgesics; antitussives; antipruritics; local
anesthetics; anti-hair loss agents; hair growth promoting agents;
hair growth inhibitor agents, antihistamines such as Mandragora
Vernalis, Tanacetum Parthenium and the like; antiinfectives such as
Acacia Catechu, Aloe Barbadensis, Convallaria Majalis, Echinacea,
Eucalyptus, Mentha Piperita, Rosa Canina, Sassafras Albidum, and
the like; inflammation inhibitors; anti-emetics; anticholinergics;
vasoconstrictors; vasodilators; wound healing promoters; peptides,
polypeptides and proteins; deodorants and anti-perspirants;
medicament agents; skin emollients and skin moisturizers; skin
firming agents, hair conditioners; hair softeners; hair
moisturizers; vitamins; tanning agents; skin lightening agents;
antifungals such as Centaurea Cyanus, Kalmia Latifolia and
antifungals for foot preparations; depilating agents; shaving
preparations; external analgesics; perfumes; counterirritants;
hemorrhoidals; insecticides; poison ivy products; poison oak
products; burn products; anti-diaper rash agents; prickly heat
agents; make-up preparations; vitamins; amino acids and their
derivatives; herbal extracts; retinoids; flavenoids; sensates;
anti-oxidants; skin conditioners; hair lighteners; chelating
agents; cell turnover enhancers; coloring agents; pigments;
sunscreens, those active ingredients disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
6,063,397, which is incorporated herein by reference, anti-edema
agents, collagen enhancers, and mixtures thereof.
[0047] Examples of suitable anti-edema agents nonexclusively
include bisabolol natural, synthetic bisabolol, and mixtures
thereof.
[0048] Examples of suitable vasoconstrictors nonexclusively include
horse chestnut extract, prickly ash, and mixtures thereof.
[0049] Examples of suitable anti-inflammatory agents nonexclusively
include benoxaprofen, centella asiatica, bisabolol, feverfew
(whole), feverfew (parthenolide free), green tea extract, green tea
concentrate, hydrogen peroxide, lycopene including "Lyc-o-Pen"
available from LycoRed Natural Products Industries, Ltd., oat oil,
chamomile, and mixtures thereof.
[0050] Examples of collagen enhancers nonexclusively include
vitamin A, vitamin C, and mixtures thereof.
[0051] Examples of suitable skin firming agent nonexclusively
include dimethylaminoethanol ("DMAE").
[0052] Examples of suitable antipruritics and skin protectants
nonexclusively include oatmeal, betaglucan, feverfew, soy and
derivatives thereof, bicarbonate of soda, colloidal oatmeal,
surfactant based colloidal oatmeal cleanser, Anagallis Arvensis,
Oenothera Biennis, Verbena Officinalis, and the like. These
antipruritics may be used in an amount, based upon the total weight
of the personal care composition, from about 0.01 percent to about
40 percent, and preferably from about 1 percent to about 5
percent.
[0053] As used herein, colloidal oatmeal means the powder resulting
from the grinding and further processing of whole oat grain meeting
United States Standards for Number 1 or Number 2 oats. The
colloidal oatmeal has a particle size distribution as follows: not
more than 3 percent of the total particles exceed 150 micrometers
in size and not more than 20 percent of the total particles exceed
75 micrometers in size. Examples of suitable colloidal oatmeals
include, but are not limited to, "Tech-O" available from the Beacon
Corporation and colloidal oatmeals available from Quaker.
[0054] Examples of suitable reflectants nonexclusively include
mica, alumina, calcium silicate, glycol dioleate, glycol
distearate, silica, sodium magnesium fluorosilicate, and mixtures
thereof.
[0055] Suitable detangling/wet combing agents nonexclusively
include polyquaternium-10, hydroxypropyltrimonium guar,
dioleoylamidoethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate,
di-(soyoylethyl) hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate, hydroxyethyl
behenamidopropyl dimonium chloride, olealkonium chloride,
polyquaternium-47, stearalkonium chloride, tricetylmonium chloride,
and mixtures thereof.
[0056] Suitable film forming polymers include those that, upon
drying, produce a substantially continuous coating or film on the
hair, skin, or nails. Nonexclusive examples of suitable film
forming polymers include acrylamidopropyl trimonium
chloride/acrylamide copolymer; corn starch/acrylamide/sodium
acrylate copolymer; polyquaternium-10; polyquaternium-47;
polyvinylmethylether/maleic anhydride copolymer; styrene/acrylates
copolymers; and mixtures thereof.
[0057] As noted above, humectants may be useful in the invention,
including aliphatic diols. Other commercially available humectants
which are capable of providing moisturization and conditioning
properties to the personal care composition are suitable for use in
the present invention. The humectant is preferably present in an
amount of from about 0 percent to about 10 percent, more preferably
from about 0.5 percent to about 5 percent, and most preferably from
about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent, based on the overall weight
of the composition. Examples of suitable humectants nonexclusively
include: 1) water soluble liquid polyols selected from the group
comprising glycerine, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, butylene
glycol, pentylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and mixtures thereof;
2) polyalkylene glycol of the formula I:
HO--(R''O).sub.b--H (I).
wherein R'' is an alkylene group having from about 2 to about 4
carbon atoms and b is an integer of from about 1 to about 10, such
as PEG 4; 3) polyethylene glycol ether of methyl glucose of formula
II:
CH.sub.3--C.sub.6H.sub.10O.sub.5--(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.c--OH
(II).
wherein c is an integer from about 5 to about 25; 4) urea; 5)
fructose; 6) glucose; 7) honey; 8) lactic acid; 9) maltose; 10)
sodium glucuronate; and 11) mixtures thereof
[0058] Suitable amino acid agents include amino acids derived from
the hydrolysis of various proteins as well as the salts, esters,
and acyl derivatives thereof. Examples of such amino acid agents
nonexclusively include amphoteric amino acids such as alkylamido
alkylamines, i.e. stearyl acetyl glutamate, capryloyl silk amino
acid, capryloyl collagen amino acids; capryloyl keratin amino
acids; capryloyl pea amino acids; cocodimonium hydroxypropyl silk
amino acids; corn gluten amino acids; cysteine; glutamic acid;
glycine; hair keratin amino acids; amino acids such as aspartic
acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine,
cystine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine,
phenylalanine, cysteic acid, lysine, histidine, arginine, cysteine,
tryptophan, citrulline; lysine; silk amino acids, wheat amino
acids; and mixtures thereof.
[0059] Suitable proteins include those polymers that have a long
chain, i.e. at least about 10 carbon atoms, and a high molecular
weight, i.e. at least about 1000, and are formed by
self-condensation of amino acids. Nonexclusive examples of such
proteins include collagen, deoxyribonuclease, iodized corn protein;
milk protein; protease; serum protein; silk; sweet almond protein;
wheat germ protein; wheat protein; alpha and beta helix of keratin
proteins; hair proteins, such as intermediate filament proteins,
high-sulfur proteins, ultrahigh-sulfur proteins, intermediate
filament-associated proteins, high-tyrosine proteins, high-glycine
tyrosine proteins, tricohyalin, and mixtures thereof.
[0060] Examples of suitable vitamins nonexclusively include vitamin
B complex; including thiamine, nicotinic acid, biotin, pantothenic
acid, choline, riboflavin, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pyridoxine,
inositol, carnitine; vitamins A, C, D, E, K and their derivatives
such as vitamin A palmitate and pro-vitamins, e.g. (i.e. panthenol
(pro vitamin B5) and panthenol triacetate) and mixtures
thereof.
[0061] Examples of suitable antibacterial agents nonexclusively
include bacitracin, erythromycin, neomycin, tetracycline,
chlortetracycline, benzethonium chloride, phenol, and mixtures
thereof.
[0062] Examples of suitable skin emollients and skin moisturizers
nonexclusively include mineral oil, lanolin, vegetable oils,
isostearyl isostearate, glyceryl laurate, methyl gluceth-10, methyl
gluceth-20 chitosan, and mixtures thereof.
[0063] Examples of suitable hair conditioners nonexclusively
include quaternized compounds such as behenamidopropyl PG-dimonium
chloride, tricetylmonium chloride, dihydrogenated tallowamidoethyl
hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate, and mixtures thereof as well as
lipophilic compounds like cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol,
hydrogenated polydecene, and mixtures thereof.
[0064] Examples of suitable hair moisturizers nonexclusively
include panthenyl ethyl ether, phytantriol, and mixtures
thereof.
[0065] Examples of sunscreen agents nonexclusively include
benzophenones, bornelone, butyl paba, cinnamidopropyl trimethyl
ammonium chloride, disodium distyrylbiphenyl disulfonate, paba,
potassium methoxycinnamate, butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane, octyl
methoxycinnamate, oxybenzone, octocrylene, octyl salicylate,
phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid, ethyl hydroxypropyl
aminobenzoate, menthyl anthranilate, aminobenzoic acid, cinoxate,
diethanolamine methoxycinnamate, glyceryl aminobenzoate, titanium
dioxide, zinc oxide, oxybenzone, Padimate O, red petrolatum, and
mixtures thereof.
[0066] An example of a suitable tanning agent nonexclusively
includes dihydroxyacetone.
[0067] Examples of skin lightening agents nonexclusively include
hydroquinone, catechol and its derivatives, ascorbic acid and its
derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
[0068] Examples of suitable insecticides (including insect
repellents, anti-scabies and anti-lice treatments) nonexclusively
include permethrin, pyrethrin, piperonyl butoxide, imidacloprid,
N,N-diethyl toluamide, which refers to the material containing
predominantly the meta isomer, i.e., N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, which
is also known as DEET; compounds of the formula III.
##STR00004##
wherein R.sub.5 is a branched or unbranched alkyl group having
about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.5 is H, methyl or ethyl;
R.sub.7 is a branched or unbranched alkyl or alkoxy group having
from about 1 to about 8 carbon atoms; and K is a --CN or a
--COOR.sub.8 group, wherein R.sub.8 is a branched or unbranched
alkyl group having from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, natural or
synthetic pyrethroids, whereby the natural pyrethroids are
contained in pyrethrum, the extract of the ground flowers of
Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium or C coccineum; and mixtures
thereof. Within the structure of Formula III. are ethyl
3-(N-butylacetamido)propionate, wherein R.sub.7 is a CH.sub.3
group, R.sub.5 is an n-butyl group, R.sub.6 is H, K is COOR.sub.8
and R.sub.8 is ethyl, which is available commercially from Merck
KGaA of Darmstadt, Germany under the name, "Insect Repellent
3535."
[0069] An example of an anti fungal for foot preparations
nonexclusively includes tolnaftate.
[0070] Examples of suitable depilating agents nonexclusively
include calcium thioglycolate, magnesium thioglycolate, potassium
thioglycolate, strontium thioglycolate, and mixtures thereof.
[0071] Examples of suitable external analgesics and local
anesthetics nonexclusively include benzocaine, dibucaine, benzyl
alcohol, camphor, capsaicin, capsicum, capsicum oleoresin, juniper
tar, menthol, methyl nicotinate, methyl salicylate, phenol,
resorcinol, turpentine oil, and mixtures thereof.
[0072] Examples of suitable antiperspirants and deodorants
nonexclusively include aluminium chlorohydrates, aluminium
zirconium chlorohydrates, and mixtures thereof.
[0073] Examples of suitable counterirritants nonexclusively include
camphor, menthol, methyl salicylate, peppermint and clove oils,
ichtammol, and mixtures thereof.
[0074] An example of a suitable inflammation inhibitor
nonexclusively includes hydrocortisone, Fragaria Vesca, Matricaria
Chamomilla, and Salvia Officinalis.
[0075] Examples of suitable hemorrhoidal products nonexclusively
include the anesthetics such as benzocaine, pramoxine
hydrochloride, and mixtures thereof; antiseptics such as
benzethonium chloride; astringents such as zinc oxide, bismuth
subgallate, balsam Peru, and mixtures thereof; skin protectants
such as cod liver oil, vegetable oil, and mixtures thereof.
[0076] Benefit agents nonexclusively include DMAE, soy and
derivatives thereof, colloidal oatmeal, sulfonated shale oil, olive
leaf, elubiol, 6-(1-piperidinyl)-2,4-pyrimidinediamine-3-oxide,
finasteride, ketoconazole, salicylic acid, zinc pyrithione, coal
tar, benzoyl peroxide, selenium sulfide, hydrocortisone, sulfur,
menthol, pramoxine hydrochloride, tricetylmonium chloride,
polyquaternium 10, panthenol, panthenol triacetate, vitamin A and
derivatives thereof, vitamin B and derivatives thereof, vitamin C
and derivatives thereof, vitamin D and derivatives thereof, vitamin
E and derivatives thereof, vitamin K and derivatives thereof,
keratin, lysine, arginine, hydrolyzed wheat proteins, hydrolyzed
silk proteins, octyl methoxycinnamate, oxybenzone, minoxidil,
titanium dioxide, zinc dioxide, retinol, erthromycin, tretinoin,
and mixtures thereof.
[0077] One type of benefit agent includes those therapeutic
components that are effective in the treatment of dandruff,
seborrheic dermatitis, and psoriasis as well as the symptoms
associated therewith. Examples of such suitable benefits agents
nonexclusively include zinc pyrithione, anthralin, shale oil and
derivatives thereof such as sulfonated shale oil, selenium sulfide,
sulfur; salicylic acid; coal tar; povidone-iodine, imidazoles such
as ketoconazole, dichlorophenyl imidazolodioxalan, which is
commercially available from Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V., under the
tradename, "Elubiol", clotrimazole, itraconazole, miconazole,
climbazole, tioconazole, sulconazole, butoconazole, fluconazole,
miconazole nitrate and any possible stereo isomers and derivatives
thereof; piroctone olamine (Octopirox); selenium sulfide;
ciclopirox olamine; anti-psoriasis agents such as vitamin D
analogs, e.g. calcipotriol, calcitriol, and tacaleitrol; vitamin A
analogs such as esters of vitamin A, e.g. vitamin A palmitate,
retinoids, retinols, and retinoic acid; corticosteroids such as
hydrocortisone, clobetasone, butyrate, clobetasol propionate and
mixtures thereof.
[0078] The amount of benefit agent to be combined with the personal
care composition or the emulsion may vary depending upon, for
example, the ability of the benefit agent to penetrate through the
skin, hair or nail, the specific benefit agent chosen, the
particular benefit desired, the sensitivity of the user to the
benefit agent, the health condition, age, and skin, hair, and/or
nail condition of the user, and the like. In sum, the benefit agent
is used in a "safe and effective amount," which is an amount that
is high enough to deliver a desired skin, hair or nail benefit or
to modify a certain condition to be treated, but is low enough to
avoid serious side effects, at a reasonable risk to benefit ratio
within the scope of sound medical judgment. If included, a benefit
agent may be present in the personal care composition or personal
care system in an amount, based upon the total weight of the
composition/system, from about 0.01 percent to about 5.0 percent,
and preferably from about 0.01 percent to about 2.0 percent, and
more preferably from about 0.01 percent to about 1.0 percent.
[0079] Optionally, commercially available detergent thickeners that
are capable of imparting the appropriate viscosity to conditioning
compositions are suitable for use in this invention. If used, the
detergent thickeners should be present in the compositions in an
amount sufficient to raise the Brookfield viscosity of the
composition to a value of between about 500 to about 10,000
centipoise. Examples of suitable detergent thickeners
nonexclusively include: mono or diesters of polyethylene glycol of
formula IV.
HO--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.zH (IV).
wherein z is an integer from about 3 to about 200; fatty acids
containing from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms; fatty acid
esters of ethoxylated polyols; ethoxylated derivatives of mono and
diesters of fatty acids and glycerine; hydroxyalkyl cellulose;
alkyl cellulose; hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose; and mixtures
thereof. More specifically, suitable detergent thickeners
nonexclusively include behenalkonium chloride; cetyl alcohol,
quaternium-46, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cocodimonium chloride,
polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, quaternium-18, PEG-18 glycerol
oleate/cocoate, a mixture of acrylates/steareth-50 acrylate
copolymer, laureth-3 and propylene glycol, which is commercially
available from Goldschmidt under the tradename "Antil 208," a
mixture of cocamidopropylbetaine and glyceryl laurate which is
commercially available from Goldschmidt under the tradename, "Antil
HS60," a mixture of propylene glycol, PEG 55, and propylene glycol
oleate, which is commercially available from Goldschmidt under the
tradename, "Antil 414 liquid," and mixtures thereof. Preferred
detergent thickeners include polyethylene glycol ester, and more
preferably PEG-150 distearate which is available from the Stepan
Company of Northfield, Ill. or from Comiel, S.p.A. of Bologna,
Italy under the tradename, "PEG 6000 DS".
[0080] The above described personal care composition and personal
care system may be prepared by combining the desired components in
a suitable container and mixing them under ambient conditions in
any conventional mixing means well known in the art, such as a
mechanically stirred propeller, paddle, and the like. The
composition may be provided in a container in liquid or cream form,
whereby it may be applied to the skin by a user by hand, or the
composition may be embedded or soaked into a plurality of sheets or
wipes, whereby the composition may be applied to the skin by wiping
the sheet, wipe, or other device.
[0081] Since the composition is to be applied to the face and is
desirably used to remove cosmetic materials, it is most preferred
that the composition be soaked into a sheet or a wipe and provided
to the user in this form. The user then removes the soaked wipe
from a suitable air-tight package, and applies it directly to the
skin. Thus, a system or package may include a plurality of wipes in
a resealable package, where each wipe has been soaked in or
otherwise contains a cleansing composition of the present
invention. The wipes are desirably disposable and include
degradable components, rendering them environmentally friendly and
sound.
[0082] In another embodiment of the personal care system of the
present invention wherein a polymeric emulsifier such as, for
example, polyethylene glycol-30 dipolyhydroxystearate (hereinafter
"PEG 30") or dimethicone copolyol, are used and water is used as
the vehicle, an oil-in-water emulsion may be produced. Although
both the PEG 30 and dimethicone copolyol are marketed for use in
formulating water-in-oil compositions, it has now been found that
oil-in-water emulsions may be created due to the unique processing
steps and conditions employed herein. When a thickening agent,
preferably a hydrophilic thickening agent, is neutralized in the
hydrophilic phase of the present invention comprising a polymeric
emulsifier prior to adding the lipophilic phase of the present
invention thereto, the resulting emulsion is in the form of a
water-in-oil emulsion. Conversely, when a thickening agent,
preferably a hydrophilic thickening agent, is neutralized in the
hydrophilic phase of the present invention comprising a polymeric
emulsifier after the lipophilic phase of the present invention is
added to the hydrophilic phase, the resulting emulsion is in the
form of an oil-in-water emulsion.
[0083] Personal care systems of the present invention that are
emulsions may contain, based upon the total weight of the emulsion,
from about 0.01 percent to about 2 percent, and preferably from
about 0.01 percent to about 0.5 percent of hydrophilic thickeners
if used. Suitable neutralizers include any known bases, such as
sodium hydroxide, or acids, such as lactic acid, that are capable
of neutralizing the hydrophilic thickening agent, in either the
hydrophilic phase (if a water-in-oil emulsion is desired) or a
mixture of both the hydrophilic phase and the lipophilic phase (if
an oil-in-water emulsion is desired) of the present invention to a
pH of about 5 to about 7 under ambient temperature. In one
embodiment, hydrophilic thickeners including
acrylates/aminoacrylates copolymer, acrylates/steareth-20 itaconate
copolymer, acrylates/ceteth-20 itaconate copolymer, are preferably
neutralized with an acid, such as lactic acid. Hydrophilic
thickeners including carbomers, modified hydroxyethylcellulose,
polyvinylacetate/maleic anhydride (PVA/MA) decadiene crosspolymer,
and acrylates/steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer, are preferably
neutralized with a base, such as sodium hydroxide (20%).
[0084] In one embodiment, the hydrophilic phase may be comprised of
one or more of the following components: water, thickener,
stability enhancer, nonfoaming surfactant, and water dispersible
component, and the lipophilic phase may be comprised of one or more
of the following components: ester, and polymeric emulsifier.
[0085] It has been found that the personal care compositions and
personal care systems of the present invention possess good
aesthetic properties without causing any significant irritation to
the skin or ocular discomfort to the user and are particularly
suitable for use on the area surrounding the eye. It is well-known
in the art that most emulsifiers having a relatively low molecular
weight are irritating regardless of their hydrophilic lipophilic
balance ("HLB") value. However, it has been found that when the
personal care system of the present invention is produced using the
particular emollients set forth herein, the resulting composition
is gentle and possesses a low degree of ocular and skin irritation.
The combination of dry and oily emollients gives a suitable
cleansing composition that can clean at least three categories of
cosmetics (mascara, foundation, and lipstick) while avoiding
irritation as well as a greasy feel to the user. The present
invention provides the aforementioned substantially non-irritating
cleaning composition in the absence of silicone or silicone
containing materials.
[0086] The present invention includes not only the personal care
composition described above, but also includes a method of using
the personal care composition described above. The method includes
applying an effective amount of the composition to the skin,
including facial skin and near ocular skin, and cleansing the skin
with the composition. The composition may be applied to the skin by
hand or through use of an applicator, such as a sheet, wet wipe,
sponge, brush, and the like. The composition may be applied while
the skin is wet or dry, and may be wiped off the skin, rinsed off
the skin, or the skin may be allowed to dry after application of
the composition. It is particularly desired that the composition be
applied to the skin via a pre-soaked wipe and is allowed to dry off
the skin without further washing or cleaning by the user. The used
wipe may be disposed of by the user. The invention described herein
may be practice in the absence of any component, ingredient or step
not specifically disclosed herein or may include additional
components or steps that are not expressly disclosed herein.
[0087] As noted above, the present invention is directed to
compositions that can be used to clean a variety of cosmetics off
of the surface of a user's skin effectively and efficiently. The
inventive compositions should be capable of removing, for example,
foundation, mascara and lipstick efficiently. Further, the
inventive compositions should be substantially free of silicones,
if not entirely free of silicones. Also, the inventive compositions
should include at least one dry emollient, and at least one oily
emollient in combination with each other. Finally, it may be
desirable, although not critical, that the composition include a
lesser amount of cleansing components than that in previous
methods. For example, previous methods include cleansing components
in amounts of about 10-11%, and the present invention may include
cleansing components in an amount of about 8-10% or about 8% by
weight of the total composition.
[0088] The present invention may be better understood through the
following examples, which are exemplary in nature and not intended
to be limiting to any specific combination of elements. Examples
2-6 demonstrate that the compositions including a combination of
dry and oily emollients in the amounts described above provide a
suitable cleansing efficiency for three different cosmetics
(mascara, lipstick, and foundation), while avoiding the use of
silicones, and also avoiding the use of compositions including only
a dry emollient or only an oily emollient.
[0089] As a result of the various tests conducted to show removal
of foundation, mascara and lipstick, it can be seen that
compositions including about 3:1 to about 1:1 percent of dry
emollient to oily emollient provide safe, efficient, and useful
cleansing composition, while avoiding the addition of silicone
materials, avoiding the use of only dry emollients (which may
irritate the user), and avoiding the use of only oily emollients
(which provide a greasy or oily feel). Further, as seen in Example
6, a panel of individuals was asked to judge the feel of an
inventive composition (3:1 ratio of dry emollient to oily
emollient) as compared to components of a prior,
silicone-containing example. The results demonstrate that the
Composition 1 dried quicker and was less greasy/oily than the prior
composition.
[0090] Therefore, the compositions including a combination of a dry
emollient and oily emollient, particularly those in a ratio of 3:1
to 1:1 dry emollient to oily emollient are considered beneficial
and useful as compared to other samples tested.
Example 1
Inventive Composition Compared to Commercially Available
Cleaner
[0091] The following composition provides one embodiment
(Silicone-Free Cleaner) of a useful cleaning composition, as
compared to a commercially available skin cleaner
(Silicone-Containing Cleaner).
TABLE-US-00001 Silicone-Free Silicone-Containing Component Cleaner
Cleaner Water Q.S. Q.S. Thickeners 0.27 0.25 Emulsifiers 1.50 1.50
Dicaprylyl Carbonate 6.00 -- Heptyl Undecylenate 2.00 -- Isostearyl
Palmitate -- 2.00 Isononyl Isononanoate -- 2.00 Pentaerythrityl
Tetraethylhexanoate -- 2.00 Cetyl Ethylhexanoate -- 2.00
Cyclopentasiloxane -- 2.00 Humectants 2.00 1.00 Preservatives 1.00
0.88 Fragrances 0.25 0.06 Excipients 0.10 0.10 Sodium Hydroxide
0.09 0.08
[0092] As can be seen, the composition differs not only in the
components but in the relative amounts of components. The
silicone-free cleaner is one embodiment of a useful cleaner of the
present invention, and as can be seen it is free of silicone
containing materials, while the silicone-containing cleaner
includes cyclopentasiloxane. In this example, there is a
combination of a dry emollient (dicaprylyl carbonate) and an oily
emollient (heptyl undecylenate) in a total amount of 8% by weight
of the composition. The weight ratio of dicaprylyl carbonate to
heptyl undecylenate is 3:1. Water is present in a sufficient
quantity by weight of the composition. The inventive example
provides a skin cleaning composition that is at least as effective
as the silicone-containing cleaner for removal of mascara, lipstick
and foundation, but is also substantially non-irritating to a user
and does not leave a greasy or oily feeling on the skin after
application.
Example 2
Compositions of Varying Ratios of Components
[0093] To demonstrate the ability of cleansers of the present
invention to clean various cosmetics with a suitable cleansing
efficiency, six cleansers were prepared, including a comparative
prior art composition that includes silicone, as well as five
compositions of varying ratios of cleansing components. Each of the
cleansing compositions prepared in the present Example include
cleaning components in amounts of about 10% by weight of the
composition. Composition 1 includes a 3:1 ratio of dicaprylyl
carbonate (DC) and heptyl undecylenate (HU) (7.5% DC, 2.5% HU).
Composition 2 includes a 6:1 ratio of DC to HU. Composition 3
includes a 1:1 ratio of DC to HU. Composition 4 includes a 1:0
ratio of DC to HU, and thus Composition 4 is free of oily
emollients, including only dry emollients in an amount of 10%.
Composition 5 includes a 0:1 ratio of DC to HU, and thus
composition 5 is free of dry emollients, and includes only oily
emollients in an amount of about 10%.
[0094] Finally, Comparative 1 includes silicone, and noticeably is
free of DC and HU, while Compositions 1-5 are free of silicone
containing materials. Compositions 1-5 include a total weight
percent of about 10% DC and HU combined. The compositions of the
samples are described in the tables below.
TABLE-US-00002 Composition 1 Composition 2 Composition 3 Component
(3:1 ratio) (6:1 ratio) (1:1 ratio) Water Q.S. Q.S Q.S Thickeners
0.25 0.25 0.25 Emulsifiers 1.50 1.50 1.50 Dicaprylyl Carbonate 7.50
8.57 5.00 Heptyl Undecylenate 2.50 1.43 5.00 Humectants 1.00 1.00
1.00 Preservatives 0.88 0.88 0.88 Sodium Hydroxide 0.016 0.016
0.016
TABLE-US-00003 Compo- Compo- Comparative 1 sition 4 sition 5
(silicone- Component (1:0 ratio) (0:1 ratio) containing) Water Q.S
Q.S Q.S. Thickeners 0.25 0.25 0.25 Emulsifiers 1.50 1.50 1.50
Dicaprylyl Carbonate 10.0 0 -- Heptyl Undecylenate 0 10.0 --
Isostearyl Palmitate -- -- 2.00 Isononyl Isononanoate -- -- 2.00
Pentaerythrityl Tetraethyl- -- -- 2.00 hexanoate Cetyl
Ethylhexanoate -- -- 2.00 Cyclopentasiloxane -- -- 2.00 Humectants
1.00 1.00 1.00 Preservatives 0.88 0.88 0.88 Sodium Hydroxide 0.016
0.016 0.016
Example 3
In Vitro Cleansing Efficiency
[0095] The compositions prepared above were tested for in vitro
cleansing ability. Four runs were conducted for each composition.
The tests were conducted using a HunterLab LabScan XE system to
measure the removal of foundation (Revlon.RTM. Colorstay.TM. 450
Mocha) from un-hydrated Vitro-Skin.RTM. circular samples. The test
methodology for each composition (Compositions 1-5, Comparative 1)
was as follows: [0096] 1. Mark 2 circular test area of diameter
2.54 cm (1'') on one sample of un-hydrated VITRO-SKIN.RTM.. Draw
the circle with a compass or by tracing a circular object with a
diameter 2.54 cm (1''). [0097] 2. With a syringe, expel 0.01 g of
foundation on to the middle of one circle. [0098] 3. With a gloved
finger, spread the foundation on to the circle, staying within the
line. [0099] 4. Repeat 2 & 3 on the other circle. [0100] 5.
Air-Dry the sample for 20-30 minutes. [0101] 6. Place the sample in
the VITRO-SKIN.RTM. hydration chamber allowed it to hydrate for
12-24 hours. [0102] 7. After hydration, take sample out read pure
vitro skin color and color of two coated circulars on HunterLab
LabScan XE [0103] 8. Tape the sample securely onto the Washability
& Wear tester. [0104] 9. Coat nonwoven with cleansing lotion
(weight ratio of lotion/nonwoven=3.7) and then fix coated wipe on
testing sled. [0105] 10. Set cleansing cycle at 3 cycles and speed
at 5 inch/second. [0106] 11. Fix testing sled on the tester, put
987 g extra weight on top of testing sled and start test. [0107]
12. Read sample on HunterLab LabScan XE
[0108] The results are seen in the chart of FIG. 1. As can be seen,
Composition 1, which includes a 3:1 ratio of DC:HU provided a
significantly greater cleansing efficiency as compared to
Comparative 1, and also provided better cleaning from Compositions
2-4. Composition 5 provided a greater cleansing result, but it is
noted that Composition 5 is free of a "dry" emollient (DC), and
only contains heptyl undecylenate. While this sample provided
sufficient cleaning of the color from the sample, this sample
leaves an oily and greasy feel to a user, and would therefore be
less desirable to a user.
[0109] Based upon this test, it is seen that the Composition 1
provides suitable cleaning of foundation from the sample, while
avoiding a greasy/oily feel, also limiting risk of irritation to a
user, and further avoiding the use of added silicone materials.
Example 4
Arm Test of Cleansing--Mascara
[0110] The six samples described above were then tested by hand and
on human skin for mascara removal. The mascara tested was Cover
Girl LASH BLAST 24 HOUR. Each sample was tested one time and
testing of the mascara removal was conducted by using a chromometer
to evaluate the level of color removal, as well as by visually
observing the resulting samples on the skin after cleaning. This
test was conducted to demonstrate the removal of mascara from the
skin. As noted above, the desired cleanser is capable of removing
foundation, mascara and lipstick efficiently and without leaving
greasy/oily residue and while avoiding the use of added silicone
materials.
[0111] To achieve this test, a circle template was applied to volar
forearm and 2 circles in a row were drawn for six test sites. Each
site on arm was measured with a HunterLab LabScan XE colorimeter to
establish a baseline. Mascara (Cover Girl LASH BLAST 24 HOUR) was
then applied to six sites and spread evenly with a gloved
fingertip. Makeup was allowed to dry on arm for .about.30 minutes.
Photographs were taken of the test sites. Test sites were again
measured with a HunterLab LabScan XE colorimeter.
[0112] Wipes were prepared by applying 3.7 grams of each of the six
test products per 1 gram of wipe. For Compositions 1-4 and
Comparative 1, each test site was swiped five times with a wipe
containing the test product. Note that Composition 5 was not tested
with only five swipes. After the five swipes, photographs were
again taken of the test sites and the test sites were again
measured with a HunterLab LabScan XE colorimeter.
[0113] Each test site was then swiped five more times with wipe
containing the test product (giving a total of ten swipes).
Photographs were again taken of the test sites and the test sites
were again measured with a HunterLab LabScan XE colorimeter.
[0114] Results after 5 cycles can be seen in FIG. 2, and the
results after 10 cycles can be seen in FIG. 3. As can be seen,
after five cycles, the cleansing efficiency for compositions 1, 3,
and 4 were comparable to that of the comparative sample. However,
after 10 cycles, it can be seen that Compositions 1, 3 and 4
provide a greater cleansing efficiency of the mascara from the skin
to that of a comparative sample. The resulting skin was also viewed
visually by an observer, and it was noted that composition 5 and
composition 1 visually appeared to sufficiently clean mascara the
best after 5 and 10 swipes, respectively, while composition 3 and
composition 2 did not visually appear to suitably clean the mascara
from the skin after 5 swipes and 10 swipes, respectively.
[0115] The results of this test showed that the inventive
composition provides suitable and efficient removal of mascara
compared to the prior composition and a composition that is free of
dry emollients. Although composition 4 was suitable in cleaning, it
is again noted that this composition is free of oily emollients,
and may risk irritating the skin of the user.
Example 5
Arm Test of Cleansing--Lipstick
[0116] The six samples described above were then tested by hand and
on human skin for lipstick removal. The lipstick tested was Cover
Girl OUTLAST All Day Lip Color. Each sample was tested one time and
testing of the lipstick removal was conducted by using a
chromometer to evaluate the level of color removal, as well as by
visually observing the resulting samples on the skin after
cleaning. This test was conducted to demonstrate the removal of
lipstick from the skin. As noted above, the desired cleanser is
capable of removing foundation, mascara and lipstick efficiently
and without leaving greasy/oily residue, without risking irritation
to the user, and while avoiding the use of added silicone
materials.
[0117] The test methodology used in Example 4 was repeated
substituting the mascara for Cover Girl OUTLAST All Day Lip Color
in each of the six test sites. The same products were tested and
measured after five swipes for Compositions 1-4 and Comparative 1,
and ten swipes for all compositions.
[0118] Results after 5 cycles can be seen in FIG. 4, and the
results after 10 cycles can be seen in FIG. 5. As can be seen,
after five cycles, the comparative 1 sample had the greatest
cleansing efficiency. However, after 10 cycles, it can be seen that
each of the compositions 1-5 provided at least 80% cleansing
efficiency. The resulting skin was also viewed visually by an
observer, and it was noted that composition 5 and composition 1
visually appeared to sufficiently clean lipstick the best after 5
swipes and 10 swipes, respectively, while composition 4 and
composition 5 did not visually appear to suitably clean the
lipstick from the skin after 5 swipes and after 10 swipes,
respectively.
[0119] The results of this test showed that the inventive
compositions provide suitable removal of lipstick compared to other
sample compositions, including the previous silicone-containing
composition. The lipstick removal for the compositions is not as
high as a silicone-containing composition, but provides a suitable
cleansing efficiency while avoiding inclusion of silicone
materials.
Example 6
Drying Test of Cleansing Formulations
TABLE-US-00004 [0120] Cleanser Cleanser Composition 1 Composition 2
Component (% weight) (% weight) Isostearyl Palmitate -- 20 Isononyl
Isononanoate -- 20 Pentaerythrityl Tetraethylhexanoate -- 20 Cetyl
Ethylhexanoate -- 20 Cyclopentasiloxane -- 20 Dicaprylyl Carbonate
75 Heptyl Undecylenate 25 Total 100 100
[0121] The two cleanser compositions described above were prepared
and tested on human skin for drying speed. A drop of each
formulation was applied on the skin of four individuals, then
rubbed to be absorbed by each individual. It was observed that
Cleaner Composition 2, which contains multiple oily components,
left an oily/greasy feel, while the Cleanser Composition 1 was less
oily, leaving a pleasant feel on the skin Cleanser composition 1 is
believed to exhibit a comparable cleansing efficacy to Cleanser
Composition 2 without the unpleasant greasiness.
* * * * *