U.S. patent application number 14/889676 was filed with the patent office on 2016-03-24 for fibrous structure.
This patent application is currently assigned to TORAY INDUSTRIES, INC.. The applicant listed for this patent is TORAY INDUSTRIES, INC.. Invention is credited to Kazuyuki ADACHI, Kouichi MATSUMOTO, Jiro TABATA.
Application Number | 20160083878 14/889676 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 51988681 |
Filed Date | 2016-03-24 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160083878 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
MATSUMOTO; Kouichi ; et
al. |
March 24, 2016 |
FIBROUS STRUCTURE
Abstract
The present invention provides a fabric that is less likely to
generate crackling static electricity when worn, less likely to get
wrinkled after being washed, and has highly durable warmth
retention and wear comfortability, and a garment manufactured using
the same. The fabric of the present invention is a fabric
comprising a viscose rayon fiber in an amount of more than 30% by
weight and less than 40% by weight, a cation-dyeable polyester
fiber in an amount of more than 30% by weight and less than 40% by
weight, a polyacrylic synthetic fiber in an amount of more than 25%
by weight and less than 30% by weight, and a polyurethane elastic
fiber in an amount of more than 5% by weight and less than 10% by
weight, wherein the fabric has a friction-charged electrostatic
potential of 1500 V or less and wash-and-wear properties, as
determined according to Method 124 in AATCC after being laundered
five times in accordance with Method 103 in JIS L0217, of grade 3
or higher.
Inventors: |
MATSUMOTO; Kouichi;
(Osaka-shi, JP) ; TABATA; Jiro; (Osaka-shi,
JP) ; ADACHI; Kazuyuki; (Osaka-shi, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
TORAY INDUSTRIES, INC. |
Tokyo |
|
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
TORAY INDUSTRIES, INC.
Tokyo
JP
|
Family ID: |
51988681 |
Appl. No.: |
14/889676 |
Filed: |
May 23, 2014 |
PCT Filed: |
May 23, 2014 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP2014/063658 |
371 Date: |
November 6, 2015 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
442/306 ;
428/221 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D04B 1/16 20130101; D10B
2201/24 20130101; D10B 2331/04 20130101; D10B 2331/10 20130101;
A41B 17/00 20130101; A41D 31/26 20190201; D10B 2321/08 20130101;
D04B 1/18 20130101 |
International
Class: |
D04B 1/16 20060101
D04B001/16; D04B 1/18 20060101 D04B001/18; A41B 17/00 20060101
A41B017/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
May 29, 2013 |
JP |
2013-112573 |
Claims
1. A fabric, comprising: a viscose rayon fiber in an amount of more
than 30% by weight and less than 40% by weight; a cation-dyeable
polyester fiber in an amount of more than 30% by weight and less
than 40% by weight; a polyacrylic synthetic fiber in an amount of
more than 25% by weight and less than 30% by weight; and a
polyurethane elastic fiber in an amount of more than 5% by weight
and less than 10% by weight, wherein the fabric has a
friction-charged electrostatic potential of 1500 V or less and
wash-and-wear properties, as determined according to Method 124 in
AATCC after being laundered five times in accordance with Method
103 in JIS L0217, of grade 3 or higher.
2. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric has an
exothermic property caused by moisture absorption of at least
2.6.degree. C.
3. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric takes not
longer than 40 minutes to decrease its diffusible remaining water
content to 30% or lower.
4. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric has a warmth
retention rate of 14% or more.
5. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric has a
pilling grade of 2.5 or higher.
6. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the cation-dyeable
polyester fiber includes a fiber having a modified
cross-section.
7. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is a knitted
fabric of monolayer structure.
8. A garment manufactured by using the fabric according to claim
1.
9. The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the fabric takes not
longer than 40 minutes to decrease its diffusible remaining water
content to 30% or lower.
10. The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the fabric has a
warmth retention rate of 14% or more.
11. The fabric according to claim 3, wherein the fabric has a
warmth retention rate of 14% or more.
12. The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the fabric has a
pilling grade of 2.5 or higher.
13. The fabric according to claim 3, wherein the fabric has a
pilling grade of 2.5 or higher.
14. The fabric according to claim 4, wherein the fabric has a
pilling grade of 2.5 or higher.
15. The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the cation-dyeable
polyester fiber includes a fiber having a modified
cross-section.
16. The fabric according to claim 3, wherein the cation-dyeable
polyester fiber includes a fiber having a modified
cross-section.
17. The fabric according to claim 4, wherein the cation-dyeable
polyester fiber includes a fiber having a modified
cross-section.
18. The fabric according to claim 5, wherein the cation-dyeable
polyester fiber includes a fiber having a modified
cross-section.
19. The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the fabric is a
knitted fabric of monolayer structure.
20. The fabric according to claim 3, wherein the fabric is a
knitted fabric of monolayer structure.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a fabric having an
exothermic property caused by moisture absorption, warmth
retention, and wear comfortability, and a garment manufactured
using the same. The present invention particularly relates to a
fabric that is preferably used for innerwear, T-shirts, and the
like, which come into direct contact with human skin, and is less
likely to generate crackling static electricity when worn and to
get wrinkled after being washed, and a garment.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] Conventionally, fiber products having a moisture-retaining
property are obtained, for example, by adding moisturizing
components such as squalane to a fabric such as a woven fabric or a
knitted fabric in a post-process. Such post-processed fiber
products, however, have a problem in that their properties
including moisture-retaining property are poor in washing
resistance, and to solve this problem, it has been common to use
large amounts of binders (see, Patent Document 1).
[0003] On the other hand, examples of the method of improving the
washing resistance without using a binder include the following
methods. Specifically, a method is proposed in which a functional
protein material is fixedly secured to a fabric made of synthetic
fibers, and then the fabric is post treated with an aqueous
alkaline solution and/or an aqueous solution of an anionic surface
active agent (see, Patent Document 2). Furthermore, a cellulose
fiber-containing fiber product is proposed which is obtained by
adding a metal compound and a natural functionalizing agent to a
fabric including cellulose fibers, and subjecting the fabric to
crosslinking improvement (see, Patent Document 3).
[0004] Unfortunately, these proposals, which improve washing
resistance but impair safety and softness which are most important
for use in garments that come into direct contact with the skin,
are not satisfactory in both washing resistance and wear
comfortability, and are problematic from the viewpoint of reduction
in the environmental load in recent years.
[0005] As means for improving warmth retention, a fabric is
proposed which is composed of a three-layer structure of a lining,
a warmth retention material such as padding, and an outer material
(see, Patent Document 4). Unfortunately, this proposal has a
problem in that the fabric feels stuffy when worn because the outer
material is used for the purpose of enhancing wind-proofness and
warmth retention, and the fabric is thick because of the
three-layer structure and unsuitable for applications such as
innerwear.
[0006] As a fabric preferably used particularly for innerwear,
T-shirts, and the like, which come into direct contact with human
skin, for example, a fabric is proposed which comprises a
polyacrylic synthetic fiber in an amount of 30% by weight to 47% by
weight, a viscose rayon fiber in an amount of 20% by weight to 30%
by weight, a cation-dyeable polyester fiber in an amount of 30% by
weight to 45% by weight, and a polyurethane elastic fiber in an
amount of 3% by weight to 10% by weight (see, Patent Document 5).
Unfortunately, this proposal has a problem in that the fabric is
likely to generate static electricity when worn because of the high
content of the polyacrylic synthetic fiber and the polyester fiber
which are hydrophobic polymers, and also has a problem in that
pilling is likely to occur on the fabric because of the high mixing
ratio of the polyacrylic synthetic fiber.
PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS
Patent Documents
[0007] Patent Document 1: JP 02-300301 A
[0008] Patent Document 2: JP 10-131047 A
[0009] Patent Document 3: JP 2002-88649 A
[0010] Patent Document 4: JP 07-59762 B
[0011] Patent Document 5: JP 2010-216053 A
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0012] The present inventors intensively studied to solve the
problems described above, and discovered that a fabric that is less
likely to generate crackling static electricity when worn, less
likely to get wrinkled after being washed, and has warmth retention
excellent in washing resistance and excellent wear comfortability
can be obtained by using a yarn obtained by mixed fiber spinning of
a viscose rayon fiber, i.e., a viscose rayon fiber, a
cation-dyeable polyester fiber, a polyacrylic synthetic fiber, and
a polyurethane elastic fiber at an optimal composition ratio.
[0013] Thus, an object of the present invention is to solve the
problems described above and provide a fabric that is less likely
to generate crackling static electricity when worn, less likely to
get wrinkled after being washed, and has highly durable warmth
retention and wear comfortability, and a garment manufactured using
the same.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0014] To solve the problems described above, the present invention
has the following structure.
[0015] The fabric of the present invention is a fabric comprising a
viscose rayon fiber in an amount of more than 30% by weight and
less than 40% by weight, a cation-dyeable polyester fiber in an
amount of more than 30% by weight and less than 40% by weight, a
polyacrylic synthetic fiber in an amount of more than 25% by weight
and less than 30% by weight, and a polyurethane elastic fiber in an
amount of more than 5% by weight and less than 10% by weight,
wherein the fabric has a friction-charged electrostatic potential
of 1500 V or less and wash-and-wear properties, as determined
according to Method 124 in AATCC after being laundered five times
in accordance with Method 103 in JIS L0217 (2011), of grade 3 or
higher.
[0016] In a preferred aspect of the fabric of the present
invention, the fabric has an exothermic property caused by moisture
absorption of at least 2.6.degree. C.
[0017] In a preferred aspect of the fabric of the present
invention, the fabric takes not longer than 40 minutes to decrease
its diffusible remaining water content to 30% or lower.
[0018] In a preferred aspect of the fabric of the present
invention, the fabric has a warmth retention rate of 14% or
more.
[0019] In a preferred aspect of the fabric of the present
invention, the fabric has a pilling grade of 2.5 or higher.
[0020] In a preferred aspect of the fabric of the present
invention, the cation-dyeable polyester long fiber includes a fiber
having a modified cross-section.
[0021] In a preferred aspect of the fabric of the present
invention, the fabric is a knitted fabric of monolayer
structure.
[0022] By using the fabric of the present invention, a garment
contemplated by the present invention can be obtained.
Effects of the Invention
[0023] The present invention provides a fabric that is less likely
to generate crackling static electricity when worn, less likely to
get wrinkled after being washed, has a durable moisture-retaining
property, and has warmth retention and moisture content despite its
thin textile, and therefore is suitably used for innerwear,
T-shirts, and the like requiring wear comfortability, and a garment
manufactured using the same.
MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0024] Embodiments of the fabric of the present invention will now
be described in detail.
[0025] The fabric of the present invention is a fabric comprising a
viscose rayon fiber in an amount of more than 30% by weight and
less than 40% by weight, a cation-dyeable polyester fiber in an
amount of more than 30% by weight and less than 40% by weight, a
polyacrylic synthetic fiber in an amount of more than 25% by weight
and less than 30% by weight, and a polyurethane elastic fiber in an
amount of more than 5% by weight and less than 10% by weight.
[0026] As described above, it is important that the fabric of the
present invention contain the viscose rayon fiber in an amount of
more than 30% by weight and less than 40% by weight. The amount of
the viscose rayon fiber is preferably 32 to 38% by weight, more
preferably 33 to 36% by weight. The viscose rayon fiber contained
in an amount of more than 30% by weight can provide a highly
durable fabric having a moisture-retaining property. By virtue of
the moisture-retaining property, the fabric is unlikely to generate
crackling static electricity when worn and can be provided with an
exothermic property caused by moisture absorption.
[0027] In the fabric, the amount of static electricity generation
is determined by the friction-charged electrostatic potential
measured in accordance with JIS-L 1094-2008 "Testing methods for
electrostatic propensity of woven and knitted fabrics". The lower
the friction-charged electrostatic potential, the less the static
electricity is likely to occur, and the higher the friction-charged
electrostatic potential, the more the static electricity is likely
to occur. Also in this regard, it is important that the fabric of
the present invention have a friction-charged electrostatic
potential of 1500 V or less. The friction-charged electrostatic
potential of 1500 V or less reduces the likelihood that the fabric
generates crackling static electricity when worn. The
friction-charged electrostatic potential is preferably 1000 V or
less, more preferably 500 V or less.
[0028] The fabric of the present invention, if containing the
viscose rayon fiber in an amount of 40% by weight or more, will be
likely to get wrinkled after being washed and have reduced warmth
retention by the nature of the viscose rayon fiber.
[0029] The viscose rayon fiber for use in the present invention is
preferably used in the form of a spun yarn from the viewpoint of
improving the warmth retention. The count of the spun yarn is
preferably 30 S to 100 S in the cotton count because the yarn is
used for innerwear, T-shirts, and the like, which come into direct
contact with human skin. The fineness of single fiber constituting
the spun yarn is preferably 0.5 decitex to 2.5 decitex for its
intended use.
[0030] It is important that the fabric of the present invention
contain the cation-dyeable polyester fiber in an amount of more
than 30% by weight and less than 40% by weight. The cation-dyeable
polyester fiber allows dyeing at a lower temperature than in the
case of conventional polyester fibers, which in turn allows dyeing
with the same dye as used for the polyacrylic synthetic fiber used
together. The cation-dyeable polyester fiber can prevent thermal
degradation of the polyurethane elastic fiber used together because
it can be provided with an excellent chromogenic property and
fastness property at a dyeing temperature of 105.degree. C. to
115.degree. C.
[0031] The cation-dyeable polyester fiber contained in an amount of
more than 30% by weight reduces the occurrence of wrinkles in the
fabric after being washed. For the wrinkles after being washed, a
specimen is laundered five times by a laundering method in
accordance with Method 103 in JIS L0217 (2011), and the wrinkling
occurred on the surface of the specimen is graded according to the
replicas described in AATCC 124. When the wash-and-wear properties
according to Method 124 in AATCC after the five-time laundering are
grade 3 or higher, the fabric can be judged as having little
wrinkling.
[0032] If the amount of the cation-dyeable polyester fiber is 40%
by weight or more, the moisture-retaining property of the fabric
will be reduced by the nature of the cation-dyeable polyester
fiber, resulting in an increased friction-charged electrostatic
potential and a reduced exothermic property caused by moisture
absorption. The amount of the cation-dyeable polyester fiber is
preferably 32 to 36% by weight, more preferably 33 to 35% % by
weight.
[0033] The cation-dyeable polyester fiber preferably includes a
fiber having a modified cross-section. By virtue of the fiber
having a modified cross-section, sweat absorbed by a knitted fabric
(the fabric) quickly dries to effectively prevent the body from
cooling down. In the present invention, to include the fiber having
a modified cross-section means to use two or more fibers having
different cross-sectional shapes. Examples of such cases include
the case where a fiber having a circular cross-section is used
together with a fiber having any cross-section other than the
circular cross-section, and the case where two or more fibers
having different modified cross-sections other than the circular
cross-section alone are used. This forms numbers of tiny spaces to
increase the diffusion velocity of water sucked up by surface
tension.
[0034] The cation-dyeable polyester fiber preferably has a single
fiber fineness of 0.8 to 1.8 decitex from the viewpoint of
excellent perspiration absorbency. In particular, a single fiber
fineness of 1.0 decitex or less, even when the fiber having a
modified cross-section is not included and a fiber having a uniform
cross-section alone is used, provides a fabric having excellent
perspiration absorbency.
[0035] The cation-dyeable polyester fiber for use in the present
invention may be either a spun yarn or a long fiber, for example.
From the viewpoint of improving the wash-and-wear properties, it is
preferably used in the form of long fiber. In this case, the total
fineness is preferably 50 decitex to 200 decitex because the fiber
is used for innerwear, T-shirts, and the like, which come into
direct contact with human skin.
[0036] Making a conventional polyester cation-dyeable can be
achieved, for example, by copolymerizing the conventional polyester
with 1.0 to 3.0 mol % of a 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component
as generally known.
[0037] It is important that the fabric of the present invention
contain the polyacrylic synthetic fiber in an amount of more than
25% by weight and less than 30% by weight. The polyacrylic
synthetic fiber contained in an amount of more than 25% by weight
can provide the fabric with warmth retention. If the amount of the
polyacrylic synthetic fiber is 30% by weight or more, the
moisture-retaining property of the fabric will be reduced by the
nature of the polyacrylic synthetic fiber, resulting in an
increased friction-charged electrostatic potential and a reduced
exothermic property caused by moisture absorption. The amount of
the polyacrylic synthetic fiber is preferably 26 to 28% by
weight.
[0038] The fineness of the single fibers constituting the
polyacrylic synthetic fiber is preferably 0.6 to 2.2 decitex. For a
softer texture and improved warmth retention, the polyacrylic
synthetic fiber preferably has a smaller fineness, but a single
fiber fineness of less than 0.6 decitex can make it difficult to
carry out spinning and reduce the strength of a spun yarn, whereas
a single fiber fineness of more than 2.2 decitex tends to result in
a texture that is hard particularly for clothes worn directly
against the skin, such as innerwear. In view of these facts, the
single fiber fineness of the polyacrylic synthetic fiber is more
preferably 0.6 decitex to 1.5 decitex. The polyacrylic synthetic
fiber for use in the present invention is preferably used in the
form of a spun yarn from the viewpoint of improving the warmth
retention. The count of the spun yarn is preferably 30 S to 100 S
in the cotton count because the yarn is used for innerwear,
T-shirts, and the like, which come into direct contact with human
skin.
[0039] In addition, in the present invention, a spun yarn obtained
by mixed fiber spinning of the viscose rayon fiber and the
polyacrylic synthetic fiber described above is also preferably
used.
[0040] Furthermore, in the fabric of the present invention, it is
important that the polyurethane elastic fiber be used in an amount
of more than 5% by weight and less than 10% by weight. This
provides an appropriate elongation and increases the gaps between
knitted fabric loops, enabling smooth conforming to body movements
to effectively improve the wear comfortability.
[0041] As the polyurethane synthetic fiber for use in the present
invention, one having a total fineness of 15 T to 45 T and 1 to 3
filaments is preferably used because the fiber is used for
innerwear, T-shirts, and the like, which come into direct contact
with human skin.
[0042] Preferred examples of the form of the fabric of the present
invention include woven fabric, knitted fabric, and nonwoven
fabric. In the case of woven fabric and knitted fabric, the viscose
rayon fiber, the cation-dyeable polyester fiber, and the
polyacrylic synthetic fiber may be either a long fiber or a spun
yarn, but for use for innerwear, T-shirts, and the like, which come
into direct contact with the skin, and to achieve various
properties, the preferred form of the fabric is a knitted fabric
comprising a spun yarn obtained by mixed fiber spinning of the
viscose rayon fiber and the polyacrylic synthetic fiber, the
cation-dyeable polyester fiber in the form of a long fiber, and the
polyurethane synthetic fiber.
[0043] In the fabric of the present invention, as described above,
it is important that the friction-charged electrostatic potential
be 1500 V or less and the wash-and-wear properties be grade 3 or
higher.
[0044] Furthermore, in the present invention, the fabric of the
present invention preferably has an exothermic property caused by
moisture absorption of at least 2.6.degree. C. The exothermic
property caused by moisture absorption is preferably as high as
possible, and when it is at least 2.6.degree. C., wearers can feel
warm when wearing the fabric. The exothermic property caused by
moisture absorption is a temperature difference B-A (.degree. C.),
where A is a surface temperature at which the temperature of a
specimen is stabilized after the specimen is dried for at least 30
minutes by introducing dry air (humidity: 10% RH or less) passed
through a silica gel container, and B is a maximum specimen surface
temperature during the subsequent introduction of air with a
humidity of about 90% RH for about 30 minutes, the air having been
passed through ion exchange water. Therefore, with an increasing
amount of the viscose rayon fiber which is highly hygroscopic, the
exothermic property caused by moisture absorption improves, but
with an increasing amount of the viscose rayon fiber, the fabric
becomes likely to get wrinkled after being washed and has reduced
warmth retention by the nature of the viscose rayon fiber.
[0045] In the present invention, the fabric of the present
invention preferably takes not longer than 40 minutes to decrease
its diffusible remaining water content to 30% or lower. The
diffusible remaining water content, which indicates how fast the
fabric wet with water will dry, is determined, specifically, by
dropping about 0.3 g of water, reading the mass (g) immediately
after dropping, and reading the mass (g) after dropping over time.
With an increasing amount of the cation-dyeable polyester fiber and
the polyacrylic synthetic fiber which are hydrophobic, the
diffusible remaining water content improves, but the
friction-charged electrostatic potential increases and the
exothermic property caused by moisture absorption is reduced.
[0046] Furthermore, in the present invention, the fabric of the
present invention preferably has a warmth retention rate of 14.0%
or more. The warmth retention rate is preferably as high as
possible, and when it is 14.0% or more, wearers can feel warm when
wearing the fabric. The warmth retention indicates whether a
textile diffuses heat with ease or difficulty. By the nature of the
fibers, the warmth retention improves with an increasing amount of
the cation-dyeable polyester fiber and the polyacrylic synthetic
fiber which have low thermal conductivity, but the friction-charged
electrostatic potential increases and the exothermic property
caused by moisture absorption is reduced.
[0047] Furthermore, in the present invention, the fabric of the
present invention preferably has a pilling grade (determined in
accordance with Method A in JIS L1076 (2011)) of 2-3 or higher (2.5
or higher). The pilling test can determine how pills will be
produced on the surface when the fabric is worn. When the pilling
grade is 2 or lower, large numbers of pills are produced and
conspicuous when the fabric is worn. To achieve the grade 2-3 or
higher (2.5 or higher), it is important that the fabric comprise
the viscose rayon fiber in an amount of more than 30% by weight and
less than 40% by weight, the cation-dyeable polyester fiber in an
amount of more than 30% by weight and less than 40% by weight, and
the polyacrylic synthetic fiber in an amount of more than 25% by
weight and less than 30% by weight. In particular, the polyacrylic
synthetic fiber in an amount of more than 30% by weight will
degrade the pilling.
[0048] The fabric of the present invention comprises the viscose
rayon fiber in an amount of more than 30% by weight and less than
40% by weight, the cation-dyeable polyester fiber in an amount of
more than 30% by weight and less than 40% by weight, and the
polyacrylic synthetic fiber in an amount of more than 25% by weight
and less than 30% by weight, whereby when the fabric is dyed in
such a manner that the viscose rayon fiber is dyed with a reactive
dye, and the cation-dyeable polyester fiber and the polyacrylic
synthetic fiber are dyed with a cationic dye, gray not too pale can
be expressed through black-dyeing with a reactive dye alone and
gray not too dark can be expressed through black-dyeing with a
cationic dye alone.
[0049] The form of the fabric in the present invention is
preferably a knitted fabric of monolayer structure because the
fabric is used for innerwear, T-shirts, and the like, which come
into direct contact with human skin. When a garment manufactured
from the fabric in the form of a knitted fabric of monolayer
structure is worn, the viscose rayon fiber in an amount of more
than 30% by weight and less than 40% by weight, the cation-dyeable
polyester fiber in an amount of more than 30% by weight and less
than 40% by weight, the polyacrylic synthetic fiber in an amount of
more than 25% by weight and less than 30% by weight, and the
polyurethane elastic fiber in an amount of more than 5% by weight
and less than 10% by weight will touch the skin in a well-balanced
manner. For example, when one of these materials, e.g., the viscose
rayon fiber alone touches the skin, its textile will feel very cold
by the nature of the fiber. In the case of the cation-dyeable
polyester fiber or the polyacrylic synthetic fiber alone, its
textile will feel very stuffy by the nature of the fiber. In the
case of the polyurethane elastic fiber alone, its textile will feel
very sticky.
[0050] Furthermore, in addition to the viscose rayon fiber, the
cation-dyeable polyester fiber, the polyacrylic synthetic fiber,
and the polyurethane elastic fiber described above, the fabric of
the present invention may comprise conventional cation-undyeable
polyester fibers, polyester fibers obtained by copolymerizing
polyester with a third component, polyamide fibers, acetate fibers,
natural cellulose fibers such as cotton, hemp, and pulp,
regenerated cellulosic fibers other than viscose rayon, protein
fibers such as wool, and other fibers. The fibers constituting the
fabric may be, for example, combined, mix-spun, co-woven, or
interknitted.
[0051] The fabric of the present invention is suitable for garment
applications including outerwear such as T-shirts, blousons,
slacks, and skirts, underwear such as tights, spats, camisoles, and
pants, and other garments put on bodies, and is preferably used for
various garments.
EXAMPLES
[0052] Methods of assessing the properties in Examples are as
described below.
(1) Friction-Charged Electrostatic Potential
[0053] The friction-charged electrostatic potential was measured by
Testing methods for electrostatic propensity of woven and knitted
fabrics in accordance with JIS-L1094 (2011).
(2) Wash-and-Wear Properties
[0054] The wash-and-wear properties are determined by laundering a
specimen five times by a laundering method in accordance with
Method 103 in JIS L0217 (2011), and grading the wrinkling occurred
on the surface of the specimen according to the replicas described
in AATCC 124.
(3) Exothermic Property Caused by Moisture Absorption
[0055] The exothermic property caused by moisture absorption is
read on a recorder in such a manner that a specimen of about 10
cm.times.10 cm in size is placed in a hermetically sealed
container, and a surface temperature sensor is mounted so that the
temperature of the specimen can be measured. After starting to
measure the temperature of the specimen, dry air (humidity: 10% RH
or less) passed through a silica gel container is introduced from a
room atmosphere at a temperature of 20.degree. C. to dry the
specimen. The specimen is dried for at least 30 minutes, and a
surface temperature A at which the temperature of the specimen is
stabilized is read.
[0056] Subsequently, air with a humidity of about 90% RH passed
through ion exchange water is introduced for about 30 minutes, and
a maximum specimen surface temperature B during the introduction is
read. The difference B-A was used as the exothermic property caused
by moisture absorption (.degree. C.).
(4) Time Taken for Diffusible Remaining Water Content to Decrease
to 30% or Lower (Quick-Drying Property)
[0057] A specimen of about 10 cm.times.10 cm in size is left to
stand in an atmosphere at 20.degree. C. and 65% RH for 24 hours,
and then the mass G (g) is read. In the same atmosphere, about 0.3
g of water is dropped onto the specimen, and the mass Go (g)
immediately after dropping and the mass Gx (g) after dropping over
time are read. The time (min) taken for the diffusible remaining
water content (%), as determined by the following equation, to
decrease to 30% of the mass immediately after dropping was
determined.
Diffusible remaining water content
(%)={(Gx-G)/(Go-G)}.times.100
(5) Warmth Retention Rate
[0058] The warmth retention rate is determined in accordance with
JIS L1096, 8.28 Warmth retaining property, 8.28.1 Method A
(isothermal method) (2011).
(6) Pilling
[0059] The pilling is assessed in accordance with Method A in JIS
L1076 (2011).
[0060] The grade was determined according to the following
criteria. [0061] Grade 5 Production of pills is at the level shown
in photographic rating standard No. 5. [0062] Grade 4-5 (Grade 4.5)
Production of pills is at the level about the halfway between
photographic rating standards No. 4 and No. 5. [0063] Grade 4
Production of pills is at the level shown in photographic rating
standard No. 4. [0064] Grade 3-4 (Grade 3.5) Production of pills is
at the level about the halfway between photographic rating
standards No. 3 and No. 4 [0065] Grade 3 Production of pills is at
the level shown in photographic rating standard No. 3. [0066] Grade
2-3 (Grade 2.5) Production of pills is at the level about the
halfway between photographic rating standards No. 2 and No. 3
[0067] Grade 2 Production of pills is at the level shown in
photographic rating standard No. 2 [0068] Grade 1-2 (Grade 1.5)
Production of pills is at the level about the halfway between
photographic rating standards No. 1 and No. 2 [0069] Grade 1
Production of pills is at the level shown in photographic rating
standard No. 1 or higher.
(7) Assessment of Gray Tone
[0070] In dyeing, a specimen dyed black with a reactive dye alone
and a specimen dyed black with a cationic dye alone were prepared,
and their gray tones were assessed by comparing with one dyed black
with both the reactive dye and the cationic dye and one dyed
white.
Example 1
[0071] Viscose rayon staple (single fiber fineness: 1.4 decitex,
length: 38 mm, available from Daiwabo Rayon Co., Ltd.) in an amount
of 55% by weight and polyacrylic fiber staple (single fiber
fineness: 1.0 decitex, length: 45 mm, "TORELON" (registered
trademark) available from Toray Industries, Inc.) in an amount of
45% by weight to which 0.4 owf % of tetraalkyl adipate was applied
were mixed by carding to obtain a spun yarn of 1/64s (count).
[0072] The spun yarn thus obtained, a cation-dyeable polyester
fiber filament (total fineness: 84 decitex, 48 filaments, "TETORON"
(registered trademark) available from Toray Industries, Inc.)
having a mixed cross-section of circular cross-section fibers and
star cross-section fibers, and a polyurethane fiber (total
fineness: 22 decitex, 2 filaments, "LYCRA" (registered trademark)
available from Opelontex Co., Ltd.) were interknitted in plain
stitch under the conditions of a cylinder diameter of 76.2 cm, 28
gauges/2.54 cm, 40 wells, and 62 courses to obtain a gray
fabric.
[0073] The gray fabric obtained was dyed through the process of
continuous relaxing/scouring--drying (at 175.degree. C. for 25
seconds)--setting--tucking--dyeing (jet dyeing temperature:
115.degree. C.)--drying (at 112.degree. C.)--setting to obtain a
textile with a basis weight of 150 g/m.sup.2 comprising 27% by
weight of the polyacrylic fiber, 33% by weight of the viscose rayon
fiber, 34% by weight of the cation-dyeable polyester fiber having a
mixed cross-section, and 6% by weight of the polyurethane elastic
fiber at a textile weight ratio.
[0074] The textile obtained above was assessed for friction-charged
electrostatic potential, wash-and-wear properties, exothermic
property caused by moisture absorption, quick-drying property,
warmth retention, and pilling. In dyeing, a specimen dyed black
with a reactive dye alone, and a specimen dyed black with a
cationic dye alone were prepared, and their gray tones were each
assessed. The results are shown in Table 1. The friction-charged
electrostatic potential was not greater than 2000 V; the grade of
the wash-and-wear properties were 3; the exothermic property caused
by moisture absorption, the quick-drying property, and the warmth
retention were all good; the pilling grade was 2-3 (2.5); and the
gray tone was gray not too pale in the case of dyeing with a
reactive dye alone and gray not too dark in the case of dyeing with
a cationic dye alone. A knitted fabric having high functionality,
which is required for garment applications, particularly,
innerwear, was obtained.
Example 2
[0075] Viscose rayon staple (single fiber fineness: 1.4 decitex,
length: 38 mm, available from Daiwabo Rayon Co., Ltd.) in an amount
of 55% by weight and polyacrylic fiber staple (single fiber
fineness: 1.0 decitex, length: 38 mm, "TORELON" (registered
trademark) available from Toray Industries, Inc.) in an amount of
45% by weight to which 0.4 owf of tetraalkyl adipate was applied
were mixed by carding to obtain a spun yarn of 1/64s (count).
[0076] The spun yarn thus obtained, a cation-dyeable polyester
fiber filament (total fineness: 84 decitex, 96 filaments, "TETORON"
(registered trademark) available from Toray Industries, Inc.)
having a circular cross-section, and a polyurethane elastic fiber
(total fineness: 22 decitex, 2 filaments, "LYCRA" (registered
trademark) available from Opelontex Co., Ltd.) were interknitted in
plain stitch under the conditions of a cylinder diameter of 76.2
cm, 28 gauges/2.54 cm, 42 wells/2.54 cm, and 58 courses/2.54 cm to
obtain a gray fabric.
[0077] The gray fabric obtained was dyed through the process of
continuous relaxing/scouring--drying (at 175.degree. C. for 25
seconds)--setting--tucking--dyeing (jet dyeing temperature:
115.degree. C.)--drying (at 112.degree. C.)--setting to obtain a
textile with a basis weight of 145 g/m.sup.2 comprising 27% by
weight of the polyacrylic fiber, 33% by weight of the viscose rayon
fiber, 34% by weight of the cation-dyeable polyester fiber having a
circular cross-section, and 6% by weight of the polyurethane
elastic fiber at a textile weight ratio.
[0078] The textile obtained was assessed for friction-charged
electrostatic potential, wash-and-wear properties, exothermic
property caused by moisture absorption, quick-drying property,
warmth retention, and pilling. In dyeing, a specimen dyed black
with a reactive dye alone and a specimen dyed black with a cationic
dye alone were prepared, and their gray tones were assessed. The
results are shown in Table 1. A knitted fabric having high
functionality was obtained similarly to Example 1. For the
quick-drying property, it was confirmed that the property
equivalent to that of the mixed cross-section finished yarn was
obtained by using a high multi-finished yarn having a single fiber
fineness of 1.0 decitex or less as the cation-dyeable polyester
fiber having a circular cross-section. The pilling grade was 2-3
(2.5), and the gray tone was gray not too pale in the case of
dyeing with a reactive dye alone and gray not too dark in the case
of dyeing with a cationic dye alone.
Comparative Example 1
[0079] Viscose rayon fiber staple (single fiber fineness: 1.4
decitex, length: 38 mm, available from Daiwabo Rayon Co., Ltd.) in
an amount of 35% by weight and polyacrylic fiber staple (single
fiber fineness: 1.0 decitex, length: 45 mm, "TORELON" (registered
trademark) available from Toray Industries, Inc.) in an amount of
65% by weight to which 0.4 owf % of tetraalkyl adipate was applied
were mixed by carding to obtain a spun yarn of 1/64s (count).
[0080] The spun yarn thus obtained, a cation-dyeable polyester
fiber filament (total fineness: 84 decitex, 48 filaments, "TETORON"
(registered trademark) available from Toray Industries, Inc.)
having a mixed cross-section of circular cross-section fibers and
star cross-section fibers, and a polyurethane elastic fiber (total
fineness: 22 decitex, 2 filaments, "LYCRA" (registered trademark)
available from Opelontex Co., Ltd.) were interknitted in plain
stitch under the conditions of a cylinder diameter of 76.2 cm, 28
gauges/2.54 cm, 40 wells, and 62 courses to obtain a gray
fabric.
[0081] The gray fabric obtained was dyed in the same manner as in
Example 1 through the process of continuous
relaxing/scouring--drying (at 175.degree. C. for 25
seconds)--setting--tucking--dyeing (jet dyeing temperature:
115.degree. C.)--drying (at 112.degree. C.)--setting to obtain a
textile with a basis weight of 150 g/m.sup.2 comprising 39% by
weight of the polyacrylic fiber, 21% by weight of the viscose rayon
fiber, 34% by weight of the cation-dyeable polyester fiber having a
mixed cross-section, and 6% by weight of the polyurethane fiber at
a textile weight ratio.
[0082] The textile obtained above was assessed for friction-charged
electrostatic potential, wash-and-wear properties, exothermic
property caused by moisture absorption, quick-drying property,
warmth retention, and pilling. In dyeing, a specimen dyed black
with a reactive dye alone and a specimen dyed black with a cationic
dye alone were prepared, and their gray tones were assessed. The
results are shown in Table 1. The wash-and-wear properties, the
quick-drying property, and the warmth retention were high, but the
friction-charged electrostatic potential was 2500 V, and the
exothermic property caused by moisture absorption was 2.3.degree.
C., meaning that static electricity was likely to occur and the
exothermic property caused by moisture absorption was low. The
pilling grade was 2, and the gray tone was gray close to white in
the case of black-dyeing with a reactive dye alone, and gray close
to black in the case of black-dyeing with a cationic dye alone.
Comparative Example 2
[0083] Viscose rayon fiber staple (single fiber fineness: 1.4
decitex, length: 38 mm, available from Daiwabo Rayon Co., Ltd.) in
an amount of 50% by weight and polyacrylic fiber staple (single
fiber fineness: 1.0 decitex, length: 45 mm, "TORELON" (registered
trademark) available from Toray Industries, Inc.) in an amount of
50% by weight to which 0.4 owf % of tetraalkyl adipate was applied
were mixed by carding to obtain a spun yarn of 1/64s (count).
[0084] The spun yarn thus obtained, a cation-dyeable polyester
fiber filament (total fineness: 84 decitex -48 filaments, "TETORON"
(registered trademark) available from Toray Industries, Inc.)
having a mixed cross-section of circular cross-section fibers and
star cross-section fibers, and a polyurethane elastic fiber (total
fineness: 22 decitex, 2 filaments, "LYCRA" (registered trademark)
available from Opelontex Co., Ltd.) were interknitted in plain
stitch under the conditions of a cylinder diameter of 76.2 cm, 28
gauges/2.54 cm, 40 wells, and 62 courses to obtain a gray
fabric.
[0085] The gray fabric obtained was dyed in the same manner as in
Example 1 through the process of continuous
relaxing/scouring--drying (at 175.degree. C. for 25
seconds)--setting--tucking--dyeing (jet dyeing temperature:
115.degree. C.)--drying (at 112.degree. C.)--setting to obtain a
textile with a basis weight of 150 g/m.sup.2 comprising 30% by
weight of the polyacrylic fiber, 30% by weight of the viscose rayon
fiber, 34% by weight of the cation-dyeable polyester fiber having a
mixed cross-section, and 6% by weight of the polyurethane fiber at
a textile weight ratio.
[0086] The textile obtained above was assessed for friction-charged
electrostatic potential, wash-and-wear properties, exothermic
property caused by moisture absorption, quick-drying property,
warmth retention, and pilling. In dyeing, a specimen dyed black
with a reactive dye alone and a specimen dyed black with a cationic
dye alone were prepared, and their gray tones were assessed. The
results are shown in Table 1. The wash-and-wear properties, the
quick-drying property, and the warmth retention were high, but the
friction-charged electrostatic potential was 1700 V, and the
exothermic property caused by moisture absorption was 2.5.degree.
C., meaning that static electricity was likely to occur and the
exothermic property caused by moisture absorption was low. The
pilling grade was 2. The gray tone was gray not too pale in the
case of dyeing with a reactive dye alone and gray not too dark in
the case of dyeing with a cationic dye alone.
Comparative Example 3
[0087] A spun yarn of 1/64s (count) comprising polyacrylic fiber
staple (single fiber fineness: 1.0 decitex, length: 45 mm,
"TORELON" (registered trademark) available from Toray Industries,
Inc.) alone to which 0.4 owf % of tetraalkyl adipate was applied
was obtained.
[0088] The spun yarn thus obtained, a cation-dyeable polyester
fiber filament (total fineness: 84 decitex, 48 filaments, "TETORON"
(registered trademark) available from Toray Industries, Inc.)
having a mixed cross-section of circular cross-section fibers and
star cross-section fibers, and a polyurethane elastic fiber (total
fineness: 22 decitex, 2 filaments, "LYCRA" (registered trademark)
available from Opelontex Co., Ltd.) were interknitted in plain
stitch under the conditions of a cylinder diameter of 76.2 cm, 28
gauges/2.54 cm, 40 wells, and 62 courses to obtain a gray
fabric.
[0089] The gray fabric obtained was dyed in the same manner as in
Example 1 through the process of continuous
relaxing/scouring--drying (at 175.degree. C. for 25
seconds)--setting--tucking--dyeing (jet dyeing temperature:
115.degree. C.)--drying (at 112.degree. C.)--setting to obtain a
textile with a basis weight of 150 g/m.sup.2 comprising 60% by
weight of the polyacrylic fiber, 0% by weight of the viscose rayon
fiber, 34% by weight of the cation-dyeable polyester fiber having a
mixed cross-section, and 6% by weight of the polyurethane fiber at
a textile weight ratio.
[0090] The textile obtained above was assessed for friction-charged
electrostatic potential, wash-and-wear properties, exothermic
property caused by moisture absorption, quick-drying property,
warmth retention, and pilling. In dyeing, a specimen dyed black
with a reactive dye alone and a specimen dyed black with a cationic
dye alone were prepared, and their gray tones were assessed. The
results are shown in Table 1. The wash-and-wear properties, the
quick-drying property, and the warmth retention were very high, but
the friction-charged electrostatic potential was 5000 V, and the
exothermic property caused by moisture absorption was 0.4.degree.
C., meaning that static electricity was highly likely to occur and
the exothermic property caused by moisture absorption was very low.
The pilling grade was 1-2 (1.5), and the gray tone was white, i.e.,
not dyed in the case of black-dyeing with a reactive dye alone, and
black in the case of black-dyeing with a cationic dye alone.
Comparative Example 4
[0091] A spun yarn of 1/64s (count) comprising viscose rayon fiber
staple (single fiber fineness: 1.4 decitex, length: 38 mm,
available from Daiwabo Rayon Co., Ltd.) alone was obtained.
[0092] The spun yarn thus obtained, a cation-dyeable polyester
fiber filament (total fineness: 84 decitex, 48 filaments, "TETORON"
(registered trademark) available from Toray Industries, Inc.)
having a mixed cross-section of circular cross-section fibers and
star cross-section fibers, and a polyurethane elastic fiber (total
fineness: 22 decitex, 2 filaments, "LYCRA" (registered trademark)
available from Opelontex Co., Ltd.) were interknitted in plain
stitch under the conditions of a cylinder diameter of 76.2 cm, 28
gauges/2.54 cm, 40 wells, and 62 courses to obtain a gray
fabric.
[0093] The gray fabric obtained was dyed in the same manner as in
Example 1 through the process of continuous
relaxing/scouring--drying (at 175.degree. C. for 25
seconds)--setting--tucking--dyeing (jet dyeing temperature:
115.degree. C.)--drying (at 112.degree. C.)--setting to obtain a
textile with a basis weight of 150 g/m.sup.2 comprising 0% by
weight of the polyacrylic fiber, 60% by weight of the viscose rayon
fiber, 34% by weight of the cation-dyeable polyester fiber having a
mixed cross-section, and 6% by weight of the polyurethane fiber at
a textile weight ratio.
[0094] The textile obtained above was assessed for friction-charged
electrostatic potential, wash-and-wear properties, exothermic
property caused by moisture absorption, quick-drying property,
warmth retention, and pilling. In dyeing, a specimen dyed black
with a reactive dye alone and a specimen dyed black with a cationic
dye alone were prepared, and their gray tones were assessed. The
results are shown in Table 1. The friction-charged electrostatic
potential and the exothermic property caused by moisture absorption
were high, and the pilling grade was as high as 3; however, the
wash-and-wear properties, the quick-drying property, and the warmth
retention were very low. The gray tone was gray not too dark in the
case of dyeing with a reactive dye alone and gray not too pale in
the case of dyeing with a cationic dye alone.
Comparative Example 5
[0095] Viscose rayon fiber staple (single fiber fineness: 1.4
decitex, length: 38 mm, available from Daiwabo Rayon Co., Ltd.) in
an amount of 55% by weight and acrylic staple (single fiber
fineness: 1.0 decitex, length: 45 mm, "TORELON" (registered
trademark) available from Toray Industries, Inc.) in an amount of
45% by weight to which 0.4 owf % of tetraalkyl adipate was applied
were mixed by carding to obtain a spun yarn of 1/64s (count).
[0096] The spun yarn thus obtained and a polyurethane elastic fiber
(total fineness: 22 decitex, 2 filaments, "LYCRA" (registered
trademark) available from Opelontex Co., Ltd.) were interknitted in
plain stitch under the conditions of a cylinder diameter of 76.2
cm, 28 gauges/2.54 cm, 40 wells, and 62 courses to obtain a gray
fabric.
[0097] The gray fabric obtained was dyed in the same manner as in
Example 1 through the process of continuous
relaxing/scouring--drying (at 175.degree. C. for 25
seconds)--setting--tucking--dyeing (jet dyeing temperature:
115.degree. C.)--drying (at 112.degree. C.)--setting to obtain a
textile with a basis weight of 150 g/m.sup.2 comprising 42% by
weight of the polyacrylic fiber, 52% by weight of the viscose rayon
fiber, 0% by weight of the cation-dyeable polyester fiber having a
mixed cross-section, and 6% by weight of the polyurethane fiber at
a textile weight ratio.
[0098] The textile obtained above was assessed for friction-charged
electrostatic potential, wash-and-wear properties, exothermic
property caused by moisture absorption, quick-drying property,
warmth retention, and pilling. In dyeing, a specimen dyed black
with a reactive dye alone and a specimen dyed black with a cationic
dye alone were prepared, and their gray tones were assessed. The
results are shown in Table 1. In Comparative Example 5, the
friction-charged electrostatic potential, the exothermic property
caused by moisture absorption, and the warmth retention were high,
but the wash-and-wear properties and the quick-drying property were
very low. The pilling grade was 2. The gray tone was gray both in
the case of dyeing with a reactive dye alone and in the case of
dyeing with a cationic dye alone.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Table 1 Comparative Comparative Comparative
Comparative Comparative Example 1 Example 2 Example 1 Example 2
Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Mixing Polyacrylic (% by weight) 27
27 39 30 60 0 42 ratio Viscose rayon (% by weight) 33 34 21 30 0 60
52 PET-finished yarn with mixed 34 -- 34 34 34 34 0 cross-section
(% by weight) PET-finished yarn with single -- 33 -- -- -- -- --
cross section (% by weight) Polyurethane elastic yarn (% by 6 6 6 6
6 6 6 weight) Textile Friction-charged electrostatic 1200 1000 2500
1700 5000 500 700 properties potential (V) Wash-and-wear properties
(grade) 3 3 3 3 3.5 2.5 2 Exothermic property caused by 2.6 2.7 2.3
2.5 0.3 3 2.8 moisture absorption (.degree. C.) Quick-drying
property (min) 40 35 40 40 20 80 75 Warmth retention (%) 16 15 20
18 25 10 20 Pilling (grade) 2-3 (grade 2-3 (grade 2 2 1-2 (grade 3
2 2.5) 2.5) 1.5) Gray tone Black-dyeing with reactive dye Gray not
too Gray not too Gray close to Gray not too White (not Gray not too
Gray pale pale white pale dyed) dark Degree of Degree of Degree of
Degree of Degree of Degree of Degree of dyeing: 52% dyeing: 33%
dyeing: 34% dyeing: 21% dyeing: 30% dyeing: 0% dyeing: 60%
Black-dyeing with cationic dye Gray not too Gray not too Gray close
to Gray not too Black Gray not too Gray dark dark black dark Degree
of pale Degree of Degree of Degree of Degree of Degree of dyeing:
100% Degree of dyeing: 42% dyeing: 61% dyeing: 60% dyeing: 79%
dyeing: 64% dyeing: 34%
* * * * *