U.S. patent application number 14/779830 was filed with the patent office on 2016-03-24 for method for compacting particulate material by compression.
The applicant listed for this patent is Mauricio ARAMBURO LONDONO, CEMENTOS ARGOS S.A., Estefania DUQUE VALENCIA, Johan Alexander GIL VALDERRANA, Ricardo MEJ A GUTIERREZ, Santiago PEREZ CARDONA, UNIVERSIDAD EAFIT, Alejandro VEL SQUEZ LOPEZ. Invention is credited to Mauricio ARAMBURO LONDONO, Estefania DUQUE VALENCIA, Johan Alexander GIL VALDERRAMA, Ricardo MEJIA GUTIERREZ, Santiago PEREZ CARDONA, Alejandro VELASQUEZ LOPEZ.
Application Number | 20160083132 14/779830 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 51226972 |
Filed Date | 2016-03-24 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160083132 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
VELASQUEZ LOPEZ; Alejandro ;
et al. |
March 24, 2016 |
METHOD FOR COMPACTING PARTICULATE MATERIAL BY COMPRESSION
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for compacting particulate
material by compression. The invention especially relates to a
method for compacting particulate material, including a compression
compacting method for preparing units of particulate materials.
Said particulate materials to be treated can comprise, but are not
limited to, cement, calcium, gypsum, mortar, combinations thereof
and the like, in order to improve the packaging, storage,
transport, presentation, dosage and preparation thereof, thereby
benefiting the manufacturer, the distributor and the consumer. The
invention reveals the possibility of applying different pressures
for the compression and shaping of the compacted product into
different geometrical shapes, for the packaging, storage,
transport, presentation, dosage, preparation and use thereof, from
the opening of the packaging to the final application.
Inventors: |
VELASQUEZ LOPEZ; Alejandro;
(Medellin, CO) ; MEJIA GUTIERREZ; Ricardo;
(Medellin, CO) ; PEREZ CARDONA; Santiago;
(Medellin, CO) ; GIL VALDERRAMA; Johan Alexander;
(Medellin, CO) ; ARAMBURO LONDONO; Mauricio;
(Medellin, CO) ; DUQUE VALENCIA; Estefania;
(Medellin, CO) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
VEL SQUEZ LOPEZ; Alejandro
MEJ A GUTIERREZ; Ricardo
PEREZ CARDONA; Santiago
GIL VALDERRANA; Johan Alexander
ARAMBURO LONDONO; Mauricio
DUQUE VALENCIA; Estefania
CEMENTOS ARGOS S.A.
UNIVERSIDAD EAFIT |
Medellin
Medellin
Medellin
Medellin
Medellin
Medellin
Medellin
Medellin |
|
CO
CO
CO
CO
CO
CO
CO
CO |
|
|
Family ID: |
51226972 |
Appl. No.: |
14/779830 |
Filed: |
January 24, 2013 |
PCT Filed: |
January 24, 2013 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/IB2013/050588 |
371 Date: |
September 24, 2015 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
264/109 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65B 63/02 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B65B 63/02 20060101
B65B063/02 |
Claims
1. A method for compacting particulate material by compression,
comprising: (i) a first step of selection of the particle size of
the particulate material, by a first sieving; (ii) a second step of
placing the particulate material in a compression device, wherein
an additional content of this particulate material is added,
equivalent to the interstitial air with respect to the total
capacity of the material in the compression device; (iii) a third
step wherein said compression device is centered on the compression
machine; (iv) a fourth compression step, wherein the material is
compressed and compacted at a pressure between 2.3 and 3.8 MPa,
preferably, 3 MPa; (v) a fifth separation step of the compressed
material of the compression device; and (vi) a sixth step wherein,
once the compressed material is removed, it is conformed to the
unit of particulate material ready for packaging in a compression
state.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention aims to a method for compacting
particulate material by compression.
[0002] Specifically, the invention relates to a method for
compacting particulate material that includes a compacting by
compression method for compression for the preparation of
particulate materials units.
PRIOR ART
[0003] There are some developments such as that filed in the
Britain application No. 2007/0006725 owned by THOMAS HALL and COLIN
RAYMOND published in 2007, which discloses a water soluble
packaging which allows for the whole packaging and cement to be fed
in the mixers. Once the water is added, the packaging is dissolved.
This development significantly reduces the losses of cement and the
untidiness occurred during the preparation of the mixture, as well
as the personal contact with the cement.
[0004] Thus, there are continuous needs for simply and economically
improving the methods for transportation and handling of the
powdered cement or other particulate materials.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Technical Problem
[0005] There are different materials and/or products of different
industries and technologies whose final use is given as a
powder.
[0006] For example, in the cement industry, white cement, grey
cement or mortar is commonly used in concrete-based buildings and
is used for preparing cement grout with the combination of
different aggregates and water, so once it has set, it is useful
for the creation of masses of columns, beams, walls, etc., along
with other construction elements such as metal rods, additives,
etc.
[0007] Cement is one of the most important and necessary materials
with a wide range of applications in construction. The cement
powder is usually transported by pneumatic conveyors due to its
fine dust nature. The cement powder is aimed to be packaged in bags
and sent to its sale destination and subsequent purchase and use.
Throughout this process, before the final aggregates for the
formation of concrete, the cement undergoes continuous losses due
to its highly volatile powder condition. This is due to the fact
that the cement powder comprises a particle size in the range of 15
pm to 40 pm of cohesive nature. As a result thereof, the cement
particles tend to rise and merge with the surrounding air, so there
are substantial losses throughout the process, besides the problems
of the respiratory system of the persons who are in direct contact
with the process.
[0008] Another drawback is that, usually, the packaging and final
presentation of this type of materials or products are limited to
irregular shapes due to the same nature of its powdered state,
which sometimes bears disadvantages such as requiring a second
packaging for easing the stacking, transportation, labeling,
automation and corporate image communication, among others.
Solution to the Problem
[0009] A first object of the present invention is to create a
method for compacting particulate material by compression for its
packaging, storage, transportation, presentation, filling,
preparation and use from the opening of its packaging until its
final application.
[0010] Another object is to retain the properties of the
particulate material during the compaction.
[0011] An additional object is to treat the particulate material
without the consequent suspension in the air thereof, thus avoiding
the respiratory, dermatological and pollutant issues that the
handling of the material by the surrounding personnel may
comprise.
[0012] A further object of the present invention is to facilitate
the preparation of the mixture of the material with water, as the
end user is not required to measure the material volume, but to
apply a certain amount of water.
[0013] Finally, another object is to show the corporate image
embedded in the same material.
[0014] According to previous objects, the present invention lies in
a compacting by compression method for packaging, storage,
transportation, presentation, filling, preparation and use of the
particulate material.
[0015] The novel features that are considered as the base of the
invention are cited in the enclosed claims and the additional
advantages thereof will be better understood by the following
detailed description with its preferred embodiments.
Advantageous Effects of the Invention
[0016] The convenience of the particulate material treated by the
present invention lies in the fact that it does not need any
additives for its compaction and decompaction, so once it is
arranged for its use, same is sectioned by portions thus allowing
an easy mechanical decompaction, according to the need, and any
means may be added for conforming the required mixture and in order
for it to be commonly treated.
[0017] Likewise, the mechanical properties of the compacted
material after setting do not differ beyond 5 MPa when compared
with the non-compacted material. This is disclosed in the
laboratory results according to the NTC 220 standard, wherein 3
samples underwent testing: a first compacted sample at a 3 MPa
pressure; a second compacted sample at a 3 MPa pressure but with a
2 weeks ageing; and a third non-compacted sample.
[0018] The tests of the three cited samples had the same
temperature (23.degree. C.), relative humidity of the environment
(76%), water temperature (23.degree. C.), cement amount (900 gr),
sand weight (2475 gr), water volume (460 cm.sup.3), diameter of the
largest base of the cylinder (100.9 mm) and water cement ratio
(0.51) features.
[0019] The average results of compressive strength were after 28
days of setting, 27.7 MPa for the first sample, 25.4 MPa for the
second sample and 29.5 MPa for the third sample.
[0020] On the other hand, the thermogravimetry (TG) laboratory
tests, which objective is to find the humidity percentage in the
samples at a 105.degree. C. temperature, show that the cement
compaction in fact reduces the water absorption capacity, having an
average of 0.81% humidity with a 0.053% deviation, as compared to
0.87% humidity of the non-compacted samples.
[0021] Finally, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) laboratory tests that
aim to show the chemical composition of the samples support the
lack of hydrated phases and the 1.2% calcium hydroxide percentage
in the first analyzed sample and 1.3% in the second analyzed
sample, which is similar to the 1.8% of the third sample performed
with non-compacted cement.
[0022] The compact presentation of the material treated under the
method of the present invention is a step before the final
packaging that is normally done in the industry. For the process of
the present invention, it is possible to use different shaped
molds, with special cavities, such as reglets to determine volumes
and with different shapes defined according to the specific need.
According to the present invention, there is the possibility of
applying different pressures for compression and conformation into
different shapes such as cylinders, cubes and other geometric
shapes; to be later packed for packaging, storage, transportation,
presentation, filling, preparation and use of the compacted product
starting from the opening of its packaging until its final
application. Once the particulate material is compacted to a
certain pressure, same assumes the shape of the cavity and the
structural stability, thus facilitating the handling for the end
user at the filling and cleaning levels. Also, the use of additives
for undoing the compaction will not be needed later.
[0023] With the method of the present invention, the end user is
not the only one benefited, the manufacturer is also benefited, who
guarantees a product without the need to be modified by
intermediaries outside the production, both in quantity and in
content and presentation.
[0024] Finally, the intermediaries are also benefited as they do
not have to devote time for training, they have a cleaner local,
and they are able to better use the space.
[0025] The compressed material units can be packaged in regular and
irregular shapes defining the origin of the product, with the
consequential benefits related an increased advertising impact that
may be associated with the resulting product.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Best way of Carrying out the Invention
Method of Carrying out the Invention
[0026] The present invention aims to a compacting by compression
method for packaging, storage, transportation, presentation,
filling, preparation and use of the particulate material.
[0027] Particularly, the invention relates to a method for
compacting particulate material that includes a compacting by
compression method for compression for the preparation of
particulate materials units.
[0028] These particulate materials to be treated, which may include
but not be limited to cement, mortar, plaster, calcium,
combinations thereof or the like, for improving its packaging,
storage, transportation, presentation, filling, preparation and
use, being thus the manufacturer, distributor and consumer
benefited. The particle size of these materials is in the range of
10 to 50 pm and is cohesive in nature.
[0029] The method of the present invention comprises:
[0030] 1. a first step of selection of the particle size of the
particulate material, by a first sieving;
[0031] 2. a second step of placing the particulate material in a
compression device, wherein an additional content of this
particulate material is added, equivalent to the interstitial air
with respect to the total capacity of the material in the
compression device;
[0032] 3. a third step wherein said compression device is centered
on the compression machine;
[0033] 4. a fourth compression step, wherein the material is
compressed and compacted at a pressure between 2.3 and 3.8 MPa,
preferably, 3 MPa;
[0034] 5. a fifth separation step of the compressed material of the
compression device; and
[0035] 6. a sixth step wherein, once the compressed material is
removed, it is conformed to the unit of particulate material ready
for packaging in a compression state .
[0036] The final product comprises a unit of compressed material
manufactured according to the method of the present invention, with
several attractive features such as a suitable vibration tolerance,
better mechanical strength, greater humidity resistance, better
preservation, etc.
[0037] Studies of vibration in a frequency range between 20 Hz and
10 kHz subjecting the compacted product to a vertical vibration
with a 500 m/s2 acceleration were performed. Said frequency is used
in tests of transportation of products such as fruit to avoid its
deterioration, according to the document `Effect of Truck Vibration
during Transport on Damage to Fresh Produce Shipments in Thailand`
published in the Journal of Applied Packaging Research, volume 3,
no. 1, January, 2009. The data were obtained through a signal
conditioner at a 200,000 samples per second sampling frequency. The
vibration frequency control was obtained by means of the control of
a three-phase alternating current motor with a power of 745 W by
means of a frequency inverter.
[0038] The convenience of the particulate material treated by the
present invention lies in the fact that it does not need any
additives for its compaction and decompaction, so once it is
arranged for its use, same is sectioned by portions thus allowing
an easy mechanical decompaction, according to the need, and any
means may be added for conforming the required mixture and in order
for it to be commonly treated.
[0039] Likewise, the mechanical properties of the compacted
material after setting do not differ beyond 5 MPa when compared
with the non-compacted material. This is disclosed in the
laboratory results according to the NTC 220 standard, wherein 3
samples underwent testing: a first compacted sample at a 3 MPa
pressure; a second compacted sample at a 3 MPa pressure but with a
2 weeks ageing; and a third non-compacted sample.
[0040] The tests of the three cited samples had the same
temperature (23.degree. C.), relative humidity of the environment
(76%), water temperature (23.degree. C.), cement amount (900 gr),
sand weight (2475 gr), water volume (460 cm.sup.3), diameter of the
largest base of the cylinder (100.9 mm) and water cement ratio
(0.51) features.
[0041] The average results of compressive strength were after 28
days of setting, 27.7 MPa for the first sample, 25.4 MPa for the
second sample and 29.5 MPa for the third sample.
[0042] On the other hand, the thermogravimetry (TG) laboratory
tests, which objective is to find the humidity percentage in the
samples at a 105.degree. C. temperature, show that the cement
compaction in fact reduces the water absorption capacity, having an
average of 0.81% humidity with a 0.053% deviation, as compared to
0.87% humidity of the non-compacted samples.
[0043] Finally, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) laboratory tests that
aim to show the chemical composition of the samples support the
lack of hydrated phases and the 1.2% calcium hydroxide percentage
in the first analyzed sample and 1.3% in the second analyzed
sample, which is similar to the 1.8% of the third sample performed
with non-compacted cement.
[0044] The compact presentation of the material treated under the
method of the present invention is a step before the final
packaging that is normally done in the industry. For the process of
the present invention, it is possible to use different shaped
molds, with special cavities, such as reglets to determine volumes
and with different shapes defined according to the specific need.
According to the present invention, there is the possibility of
applying different pressures for compression and conformation into
different shapes such as cylinders, cubes and other geometric
shapes; to be later packed for packaging, storage, transportation,
presentation, filling, preparation and use of the compacted product
starting from the opening of its packaging until its final
application. Once the particulate material is compacted to a
certain pressure, same assumes the shape of the cavity and the
structural stability, thus facilitating the handling for the end
user at the filling and cleaning levels. Also, the use of additives
for undoing the compaction will not be needed later.
[0045] With the method of the present invention, the end user is
not the only one benefited, the manufacturer is also benefited, who
guarantees a product without the need to be modified by
intermediaries outside the production, both in quantity and in
content and presentation.
[0046] Finally, the intermediaries are also benefited as they do
not have to devote time for training, they have a cleaner local,
and they are able to better use the space.
[0047] The compressed material units can be packaged in regular and
irregular shapes defining the origin of the product, with the
consequential benefits related an increased advertising impact that
may be associated with the resulting product.
[0048] The preferred embodiments of the invention have been
depicted solely by way of example. In this regard, it will be noted
that the method for compacting particulate material by compression
of the present invention, as well as the arrangements of each step,
may be chosen from a plurality of alternatives without departing
from the spirit of the invention according to the following
claims.
Industrial Applicability
[0049] With the method of the present invention, the end user is
not the only one benefited, the manufacturer is also benefited, who
guarantees a product without the need to be modified by
intermediaries outside the production, both in quantity and in
content and presentation.
[0050] Finally, the intermediaries are also benefited as they do
not have to devote time for training, they have a cleaner local,
and they are able to better use the space.
[0051] The compressed material units can be packaged in regular and
irregular shapes defining the origin of the product, with the
consequential benefits related an increased advertising impact that
may be associated with the resulting product.
* * * * *