U.S. patent application number 14/958106 was filed with the patent office on 2016-03-24 for ventilation system for an article of footwear.
The applicant listed for this patent is NIKE, Inc.. Invention is credited to Carrie L. Davis, Gregory R. Leedy, Grant Simmons.
Application Number | 20160081424 14/958106 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 52666643 |
Filed Date | 2016-03-24 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160081424 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Davis; Carrie L. ; et
al. |
March 24, 2016 |
Ventilation System For An Article Of Footwear
Abstract
A ventilation system for an article of footwear is disclosed.
The ventilation system may be configured to direct air from outside
the article of footwear to the inside of the article of footwear.
The ventilation system may include a sole layer and a sockliner
configured to lie on top of the sole layer. One or more paths may
be formed within the sole layer to provide a pumping mechanism
during the normal course of providing cushioning for the user. The
paths may be activated by forefoot or heel based pressure to force
air from the exterior of the article of footwear to a sockliner
directly above the sole layer. An air inlet extending through a
sidewall of the sole layer may allow outside air to enter the path
within the sole layer. An opening in the sockliner may allow air
inside the path to enter inside the article of footwear.
Inventors: |
Davis; Carrie L.; (Portland,
OR) ; Leedy; Gregory R.; (Milwaukie, OR) ;
Simmons; Grant; (Beaverton, OR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
NIKE, Inc. |
Beaverton |
OR |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
52666643 |
Appl. No.: |
14/958106 |
Filed: |
December 3, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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14031449 |
Sep 19, 2013 |
9232830 |
|
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14958106 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
36/25R |
Current CPC
Class: |
A43B 7/08 20130101; A43B
7/087 20130101; A43B 7/081 20130101; A43B 7/088 20130101; A43B
13/14 20130101; A43B 13/203 20130101; A43B 13/20 20130101; A43B
13/206 20130101; A43B 13/145 20130101; A43B 5/00 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A43B 7/08 20060101
A43B007/08; A43B 13/14 20060101 A43B013/14 |
Claims
1. A ventilation system for an article of footwear, comprising: a
sole layer having a forefoot region, a heel region disposed
opposite the forefoot region, and a midfoot region disposed between
the forefoot region and the heel region; wherein the sole layer has
a first groove inlet disposed in the forefoot region and extending
through an edge of the sole layer, and a first groove on a top
surface of the sole layer and extending from the first groove inlet
and terminating in the forefoot region.
2. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the edge is
a forward edge disposed in the forefoot region and the first groove
inlet is disposed on the forward edge.
3. The ventilation system according to claim 2, wherein the sole
layer has a medial side, a lateral side disposed opposite medial
side, and a longitudinal axis extending along a length of the sole
layer; wherein the sole layer has a medial edge along the medial
side and a lateral edge along the lateral side; and wherein the
first groove has a first portion extending from the first inlet to
a point disposed in the forefoot region, the first portion being
parallel with the longitudinal axis.
4. The ventilation system according to claim 3, wherein first
groove has a second portion extending from the point disposed in
the forefoot region to one of the lateral edge and the medial
edge.
5. The ventilation system according to claim 4, wherein the sole
layer has a second groove extending from a second groove inlet
disposed in the forefoot region, the second groove inlet extending
through the edge of the sole layer.
6. The ventilation system according to claim 5, wherein the second
groove is parallel to the first groove.
7. The ventilation system according to claim 5, wherein the second
groove is a mirror image of the first groove.
8. The ventilation system according to claim 5, wherein the second
groove includes a third portion and a fourth portion, the third
portion of the second groove being parallel to the first portion of
the first groove, and the fourth portion of the second groove being
parallel to the second portion of the first groove.
9. The ventilation system according to claim 8, wherein the first
portion of the first groove is spaced a first distance from the
third portion of the second groove and wherein the second portion
of the first groove is spaced a second distance from the fourth
portion of the second groove, wherein the second distance is
greater than the first distance.
10. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the sole
layer includes at least one hole overlying the first groove.
11. The ventilation system according to claim 10, wherein the first
groove is configured to receive a compressive force from a forefoot
strike of a wearer; wherein the compressive force forces air to
flow from the first groove through the at least one hole of the
sole layer.
12. A ventilation system for an article of footwear, comprising: a
sole layer having a forefoot region, a heel region disposed
opposite the forefoot region, and a midfoot region disposed between
the forefoot region and the heel region; wherein the sole layer has
a first groove inlet extending through an edge of the sole layer, a
first groove, a second groove, and a first reservoir each formed in
a top surface of the sole layer; wherein the first groove extends
from the first groove inlet and terminates at the first reservoir;
wherein the first reservoir is disposed in the forefoot region of
the sole layer in a position that aligns with a wearer's
metatarsophalangeal joint; and wherein a second groove extends from
the first reservoir, the second groove terminating adjacent the
edge of the sole layer.
13. The ventilation system according to claim 12, further
comprising: a second reservoir disposed in the forefoot region of
the sole layer in a position that aligns with a wearer's
metatarsophalangeal joint, and a third groove connecting the first
reservoir to the second reservoir.
14. The ventilation system according to claim 13, wherein the first
reservoir aligns with a wearer's first and second
metatarsophalangeal joints and the second reservoir aligns with a
wearer's second and third metatarsophalangeal joints.
15. The ventilation system according to claim 12, wherein the sole
layer includes a plurality of openings, wherein the plurality of
openings overlie the first groove.
16. The ventilation system according to claim 12, wherein the first
groove inlet is located in the forefoot region of the sole
layer.
17. The ventilation system according to claim 13, wherein the sole
layer includes a second groove inlet extending through the edge of
the sole layer, the sole layer also including a fourth groove,
wherein the fourth groove extends from the second groove inlet and
terminates at the second reservoir.
18. The ventilation system according to claim 17, wherein the first
groove inlet is located on a lateral side of the sole layer and the
second groove inlet is located on a medial side of the sole
layer.
19. The ventilation system according to claim 13, wherein the sole
layer further includes a fourth groove, wherein the fourth groove
extends from the second reservoir, the fourth groove terminating
adjacent to the edge of the sole layer.
20. The ventilation system according to claim 12, wherein the sole
layer includes at least one hole overlying the first groove;
wherein the first groove is configured to receive a compressive
force from a forefoot strike of a wearer; and wherein the
compressive force forces air to flow from the first groove through
the at least one hole of the sole layer.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a divisional of Davis et al., U.S.
patent application Ser. No. 14/031,449, filed Sep. 19, 2013,
published as U.S. Patent Application Publication Number
2015/0075036, published Mar. 19, 2015, entitled "Ventilation System
for an Article of Footwear," the disclosure of which is entirely
incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to an article of
footwear and, more particularly, to a ventilation system for an
article of footwear.
[0003] Over time, articles of footwear have been developed for
numerous activities. Articles of footwear commonly lack sufficient
ventilation. This problem is particularly common for articles of
footwear used for strenuous activities. It would be advantageous
for a sports shoe to have a ventilation system.
SUMMARY
[0004] A ventilation system for an article of footwear is
disclosed. The ventilation system may direct air from outside the
article of footwear to the inside of the article of footwear. In
some embodiments, the ventilation system may include a sole layer
and a sockliner configured to lie on top of the sole layer.
Sockliner may be contoured to correspond to a top surface of the
sole layer. In some embodiments, the sole layer may be a midsole.
In some embodiments, the sole layer may be an insole. In
embodiments in which an article of footwear has a one-piece sole,
the sole layer may be the one-piece sole. One or more paths may be
formed within the sole layer. The paths being formed within the
sole layer may provide a pumping mechanism during the normal course
of providing cushioning for the user. The paths may be activated by
forefoot or heel based pressure to force air from the exterior of
the article of footwear, through the paths, and to a sockliner
directly above the sole layer. An air inlet extending through a
sidewall of the sole layer may allow air to enter the path from
outside the article of footwear. An opening in the sockliner may
allow air inside the path to enter inside the article of footwear.
In some embodiments, one or more of the paths may include valves to
control the flow of air in and out of the paths. In some
embodiments, the paths may include filters preventing debris and/or
liquid from entering the article of footwear. In some embodiments,
a reservoir may be disposed within a path to provide a place for
air to be held before being pushed into the interior of the article
of footwear.
[0005] In one aspect, the disclosure provides a ventilation system
for an article of footwear. The ventilation system may include a
sole layer having a forefoot region, a heel region disposed
opposite the forefoot region, and a midfoot region disposed between
the forefoot region and the heel region. The sole layer may have a
first groove inlet disposed in the forefoot region, extending
through an edge of the sole layer. The sole layer may also have a
first groove on a top surface of the sole layer and extending from
the first groove inlet and terminating in the forefoot region.
[0006] The edge may be a forward edge disposed in the forefoot
region and the first inlet may be disposed on the forward edge. The
sole layer may have a medial side, a lateral side disposed opposite
medial side, and a longitudinal axis disposed between the medial
side and the lateral side. The sole layer may have a medial edge
along the medial side and a lateral edge along the lateral side.
The first groove may have a first portion extending from the first
inlet to a point disposed in the forefoot region. The first portion
may be substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis. The first
groove may have a second portion extending from the point disposed
in the forefoot region to one of the lateral edge and the medial
edge. The sole layer may have a second groove extending from a
second groove inlet disposed in the forefoot region. The second
groove inlet may extend through the edge of the sole layer. The
second groove may be substantially parallel to the first groove.
The second groove may be a mirror image of the first groove.
[0007] In one aspect, the disclosure provides a ventilation system
for an article of footwear. The ventilation system may include a
sole layer having a forefoot region, a heel region disposed
opposite the forefoot region, and a midfoot region disposed between
the forefoot region and the heel region. The sole layer may have a
first groove inlet extending through an edge of the sole layer, a
first groove formed in a top surface of the sole layer, a second
groove formed in a top surface of the sole layer, and a first
reservoir formed in the top surface of the sole layer. The first
groove inlet may be disposed in the heel region and the first
groove may extend from the first groove inlet and terminate at a
first side of the first reservoir. The second groove may extend
from a second side of the first reservoir that is opposite the
first side of the first reservoir and terminates between the second
side of the first reservoir and a forward edge of the sole
layer.
[0008] The first groove inlet may be disposed through a rearward
edge of the sole layer. The second groove may terminate in the
forefoot region. The ventilation system may include a third groove
formed in the top surface of the sole layer. The third groove may
extend from a second groove inlet and terminate at the first side
of the first reservoir. A fourth groove and a fifth groove may each
be disposed in the top surface of the sole layer. The fourth groove
and the fifth groove may each extend from the second side of the
first reservoir and terminate between the second side of the first
reservoir and the forward edge of the sole layer. The fourth groove
may be a mirror image of the second groove. The ventilation system
may further include a sockliner configured to be disposed over the
sole layer. The sockliner may have at least one hole overlying the
second groove. The first reservoir may be disposed in the midfoot
region of the sole layer. The ventilation system may further
include a second reservoir and a third groove each formed on the
top surface of the sole layer. The third groove may extend from a
second groove inlet disposed through a rearward edge of the sole
layer to a first side of the second reservoir. The third groove may
be substantially parallel to the first groove.
[0009] In one aspect, the disclosure provides a ventilation system
for an article of footwear. The ventilation system may include a
sole layer having a forefoot region, a heel region disposed
opposite the forefoot region, and a midfoot region disposed between
the forefoot region and the heel region. The sole layer may have a
first groove inlet extending through an edge of the sole layer, a
first groove, a second groove, and a first reservoir each formed in
a top surface of the sole layer. The first groove may extend from
the first groove inlet and terminate at a first side of the first
reservoir. The first reservoir may be disposed in the forefoot
region of the sole layer in a position that substantially aligns
with a wearer's metatarsophalangeal joint. A second reservoir may
be disposed in the forefoot region of the sole layer in a position
that substantially aligns with a wearer's metatarsophalangeal
joint. A second groove may connect the first reservoir to the
second reservoir. The first reservoir may substantially align with
a wearer's first and second metatarsophalangeal joints. The second
reservoir may substantially align with a wearer's second and third
metatarsophalangeal joints.
[0010] Other systems, methods, features and advantages of the
invention will be, or will become, apparent to one of ordinary
skill in the art upon examination of the following figures and
detailed description. It is intended that all such additional
systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this
description and this summary, be within the scope of the invention,
and be protected by the following claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The invention can be better understood with reference to the
following drawings and description. The components in the figures
are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon
illustrating the principles of the invention. Moreover, in the
figures, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts
throughout the different views.
[0012] FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an exemplary embodiment of a
ventilation system for an article of footwear, including a sole
layer and a sockliner;
[0013] FIG. 2 is a view of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1
after assembly;
[0014] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the sole layer of the
exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, as defined by section line
3-3;
[0015] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the sole layer of the
exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, as defined by section line
4-4;
[0016] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the sole layer of the
exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, as defined by section line
5-5;
[0017] FIG. 6 is a person stepping down while wearing an article of
footwear incorporating an exemplary embodiment of a ventilation
system;
[0018] FIG. 7 is a detailed view of the article of footwear shown
in FIG. 6;
[0019] FIG. 8 is the person of FIG. 6 lifting a foot while wearing
an article of footwear incorporating an exemplary embodiment of a
ventilation system;
[0020] FIG. 9 is a detailed view of the article of footwear shown
in FIG. 8;
[0021] FIG. 10 is an exploded view of an exemplary embodiment of a
ventilation system for an article of footwear, including a sole
layer and a sockliner;
[0022] FIG. 11 is a view of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
10 after assembly;
[0023] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the sole layer of the
exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 10, as defined by section line
12-12;
[0024] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the sole layer of the
exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 10, as defined by section line
13-13;
[0025] FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the sole layer of the
exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 10, as defined by section line
14-14;
[0026] FIG. 15 is a person stepping down while wearing an article
of footwear incorporating an exemplary embodiment of a ventilation
system;
[0027] FIG. 16 is a detailed view of the article of footwear shown
in FIG. 15;
[0028] FIG. 17 is the person of FIG. 15 lifting a foot while
wearing an article of footwear incorporating an exemplary
embodiment of a ventilation system;
[0029] FIG. 18 is a detailed view of the article of footwear shown
in FIG. 17;
[0030] FIG. 19 is an exploded view of an exemplary embodiment of a
ventilation system for an article of footwear, including a sole
layer and a sockliner;
[0031] FIG. 20 is a view of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
19 after assembly;
[0032] FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the sole layer of the
exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 19, as defined by section line
21-21;
[0033] FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the sole layer
exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 19, as defined by section line
22-22;
[0034] FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the sole layer
exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 19, as defined by section line
23-23;
[0035] FIG. 24 is a person stepping down while wearing an article
of footwear incorporating an exemplary embodiment of a ventilation
system;
[0036] FIG. 25 is a detailed view of the article of footwear shown
in FIG. 24;
[0037] FIG. 26 is the person of FIG. 24 lifting a foot while
wearing an article of footwear incorporating an exemplary
embodiment of a ventilation system;
[0038] FIG. 27 is a detailed view of the article of footwear shown
in FIG. 26;
[0039] FIG. 28 is an exploded view of an exemplary embodiment of a
ventilation system for an article of footwear, including a sole
layer and a sockliner;
[0040] FIG. 29 is a view of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
28 after assembly;
[0041] FIG. 30 is a person stepping down while wearing an article
of footwear incorporating an exemplary embodiment of a ventilation
system;
[0042] FIG. 31 is a detailed view of the article of footwear shown
in FIG. 30 shown along section line 31-31;
[0043] FIG. 32 is the person of FIG. 30 lifting a foot while
wearing an article of footwear incorporating an exemplary
embodiment of a ventilation system;
[0044] FIG. 33 is a detailed view of the article of footwear shown
in FIG. 26 shown along section line 31-31;
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0045] A ventilation system for an article of footwear is
disclosed. The ventilation system may be configured to direct air
from outside the article of footwear to the inside of the article
of footwear. The ventilation system may include a sole layer and a
sockliner that work together to direct air from outside the article
of footwear to the inside of the article of footwear. For example,
FIGS. 1-9 illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a ventilation
system 100 for an article of footwear. Ventilation system 100 may
include a sole layer 102 and a sockliner 104 configured to lie on
top of sole layer 102. Sockliner 104 may be contoured to correspond
to a top surface of sole layer 102. Similarly, the bottom surface
of the sockliner may be contoured to correspond to the top surface
of the sole layer.
[0046] The sole layer may be any type of sole layer. For example,
in some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1-9, sole layer 102 may be a
midsole. FIG. 2 shows sole layer 102 and sockliner 104 assembled in
an article of footwear having an upper 196 and an outsole 198. In
embodiments with only a single sole layer, the sole layer may be
the entire sole. In some embodiments, the sole layer may be an
insole that is inserted inside the article of footwear above the
sole.
[0047] The sockliner may be any type of sockliner configured to be
disposed above a sole layer. The sockliner may provide cushioning
and/or support to the wearer's foot.
[0048] The ventilation system may include one or more paths
disposed between the top surface of the sole layer and a bottom
surface of the sockliner. In some embodiments, the paths may
comprise grooves formed within the top surface of the sole layer.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 1-5, in some embodiments, sole layer
102 may include paths formed by a first groove 106, a second groove
108, a third groove 110, and a fourth groove 112. The grooves may
have inlets disposed through an outer edge of the sole layer. For
example, as shown in FIG. 1, first groove 106 may extend through a
forward edge 114 of sole layer 102 such that a first groove inlet
154 is disposed on forward edge 114. By laying over the top surface
of the sole layer and covering the grooves, the bottom of the
sockliner may define a portion of the paths. In other words, the
paths may be defined by the grooves in the sole layer and the
portion of the sockliner covering the grooves. The sockliner may
include openings overlying the grooves. For example, as shown in
FIGS. 1, 2, 6, and 7, openings 158 may overlie first groove 106
such that air may enter first groove 106 through first groove inlet
154 and may exit first groove 106 through openings 158 into the
interior of the article of footwear.
[0049] As discussed in more detail below, for example, with
reference to FIGS. 6-9, the grooves being formed within the sole
layer may provide a pumping mechanism during the normal course of
providing cushioning for the user. The grooves may be compressed
under a wearer's weight between the wearer's foot and the ground.
When the wearer lifts his foot, the grooves may expand, drawing air
in from outside of the article of footwear through inlets. When the
wearer steps down, the grooves may be compressed causing air to be
pushed into the interior of the article of footwear through
openings in the sockliner.
[0050] The sole layer may include a forefoot region, a heel region
disposed opposite forefoot region, and a midfoot region disposed
between the forefoot region and the heel region. For example, as
shown in FIGS. 1-9, sole layer 102 may include a forefoot region
118, a heel region 120 disposed opposite forefoot region 118, and a
midfoot region 130 disposed between forefoot region 118 and heel
region 120. The sole layer may include a medial side and a lateral
side disposed opposite the medial side. For example, sole layer 102
may include a medial side 122 and a lateral side 124 disposed
opposite medial side 122. A longitudinal axis A may extend through
sole layer 102 between medial side 122 and lateral side 124. The
sole layer may include edges disposed along the perimeter of the
sole layer. For example, sole layer 102 may include a forward edge
114 in forefoot region 118 and a rearward edge 116 in heel region
120. Sole layer 102 may include a medial edge 126 along medial side
122 and a lateral edge 128 along lateral side 124. The sole layer
may have a top surface and a bottom surface. For example, as shown
in FIG. 1, sole layer 102 may have a top surface 174 and a bottom
surface 103.
[0051] In some embodiments, the sole layer may have a lip disposed
along a perimeter of the top surface. For example, as shown in FIG.
1, sole layer 102 may have a lip 176 disposed along the perimeter
of top surface 174 of sole layer 102. The lip may provide a seal
between the inside of the upper, the bottom surface of the
sockliner, and the top of the sole layer to prevent air from
escaping from around the sides of the sockliner into the shoe and
to ensure that air enters the interior of the shoe from the
openings in the sockliner. The sockliner and the sole layer may fit
together such that the perimeter of the sockliner feels smooth and
comfortable against the wearer's foot. In some embodiments, the
height of the lip may have a consistent height around the perimeter
of the sole layer. In some embodiments, the height of the lip may
vary along the perimeter of the sole layer. For example, as shown
in FIG. 1, lip 176 may have a greater height in heel region 120
than in forefoot region 118.
[0052] The grooves may be disposed in any region of the sole layer.
In some embodiments, the grooves may be disposed along the forefoot
region, midfoot region, and heel region. For example, FIG. 10 shows
embodiments in which grooves may be disposed in along the forefoot
region, midfoot region, and heel region. In some embodiments, the
grooves may be disposed entirely in the midfoot and heel region. In
some embodiments, the grooves may be disposed entirely in the heel
region. In some embodiments, the grooves may be entirely disposed
in the forefoot region. For example, referring back to FIG. 1, sole
layer 102 may include paths formed by grooves disposed entirely in
forefoot region 118. The location of the grooves may be selected
based on a variety of factors. For example, the location of the
grooves may be selected according to the activity the article of
footwear is used for.
[0053] The grooves may provide paths having a variety of shapes and
sizes. In some embodiments, the grooves may be straight and/or
curved. For example, referring to FIG. 1, first groove 106 may
extend straight from forward edge 114 to a point in the midfoot
region and then curve and extend to an area adjacent lateral edge
128. In another example, FIG. 19 shows grooves that are slightly
curved. The grooves are shown as being approximately the same size
in the figures. However, the sizes of the grooves may vary. For
example, in some embodiments, one groove may be deeper and/or wider
than another. In another embodiment, each of the grooves may have a
different depth and width. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS.
3-5, the shape of the cross-section of the grooves may be
substantially round. In other embodiments, the cross-section of the
grooves may have a different shape. The sizes and shapes of the
grooves may be selected based on a variety of factors. For example,
the shapes of the grooves may be selected based on the location of
the inlets and the outlets of the grooves and/or the pattern of
compression experienced by the sole layer in response to a wearer's
distribution of weight during a step. Similarly, the path of the
grooves, including the inlet and point of termination, may be
selected based on a variety of factors. For example, the point of
termination may be selected based on the location in which the
article of footwear is to be ventilated.
[0054] In some embodiments, one or more reservoirs may be connected
to the grooves. For example, FIG. 28 shows a plurality of straight
grooves and slightly curved grooves connected by reservoirs.
Reservoirs may provide a larger area for the air to be stored until
the air is pumped into the shoe. In some embodiments, as shown in
FIG. 10, the reservoir(s) may be substantially rectangular. In some
embodiments, the reservoir(s) may be sized and/or shaped
differently. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, the reservoir(s) may
be substantially oval. In another example, as shown in FIG. 28, the
reservoir(s) may be substantially round. In some embodiments, the
reservoirs may each have a different size and/or shape from one
another. For example, one reservoir may be oval and another
reservoir may be rectangular. While FIG. 10 shows one reservoir and
FIGS. 19 and 28 show three reservoirs, the sole layer may include a
different number of reservoirs. For example, the sole layer may
include four reservoirs. In another example, the sole layer may
include between four and ten reservoirs. While FIG. 10 shows a
reservoir in the midfoot region of the sole layer, the reservoir
may be positioned in another region of the sole layer. For example,
as shown in FIG. 28, the reservoir(s) may be disposed in the
forefoot region of the sole layer. The location, size, shape, and
number of reservoirs may be selected based on a variety of factors.
For example, the number of reservoirs may be selected based on the
activity the shoe is worn for and/or the position of the
grooves.
[0055] In some embodiments, check valves may be disposed at the
inlets. In embodiments with reservoirs, check valves may be
disposed at the intersection of grooves and reservoirs.
[0056] The number of grooves formed in the sole layer may vary. For
example, as shown in FIG. 1, sole layer 102 may have four grooves.
In another example, as shown in FIG. 20, sole layer 1102 may have
three grooves. In other embodiments, the sole layer may have two
grooves. In further embodiments, the sole layer may have between
five and twenty grooves. The number of grooves may be selected
based on a variety of factors. For example, the number of grooves
may be selected based on the size and shape of the grooves.
[0057] The number of openings in the sockliner may vary. For
example, FIGS. 1 and 2 show six openings per groove. In other
embodiments, the sockliner may include from one to twenty openings
per groove. The number of openings may be selected based on a
variety of factors. For example, the number of openings may be
selected based on the size of the groove, the size of the groove
inlet, the size of the openings, and/or the material of the
sockliner. The number of openings may be the same or different for
each groove. In some embodiments, sole layer 102 may include
openings that do not overlie grooves. In some embodiments, the
openings may be the same size. In some embodiments, the openings
may be sized differently.
[0058] The sole layer and sockliner may be made from any known
material used for sole layers and sockliners in footwear. For
example, the sole layer and/or sockliner may be made from a
polymer, such as polyurethane or ethylene vinyl acetate. The type
of material may be selected based on a variety of factors. For
example, the type of material may be selected to provide a certain
level of stability/support, cushioning to a wearer, and/or
compressibility of the paths disposed between the sole layer and
the sockliner.
[0059] As stated previously, FIGS. 1-9 show an embodiment in which
the grooves are entirely disposed in the forefoot region. First
groove 106 may extend from a first groove inlet 154 located at
forward edge 114 to an area adjacent lateral edge 128. First groove
inlet 154 may be configured to allow air to enter first groove 106.
First groove inlet 154 may extend through forward edge 114. First
groove 106 may have a first portion extending from first groove
inlet 154 to a point 132 disposed in forefoot region 118. The first
portion may be substantially parallel to longitudinal axis A. First
groove 106 may have a second portion extending between point 132
and lateral edge 128. The second portion may curve from point 132
toward lateral edge 128 and extend in a direction angled with
respect to longitudinal axis A. After first groove 106 curves
toward lateral edge 128, first groove 106 may extend in a straight
line that is angled with respect to longitudinal axis A and
terminate at lateral edge 128.
[0060] Second groove 108 may extend from a second groove inlet 152
located at forward edge 114 to an area adjacent lateral edge 128.
Second groove inlet 152 may be configured to allow air to enter
second groove 108. Second groove inlet 152 may extend through
forward edge 114. Second groove 108 may have a first portion
extending from second groove inlet 152 to a point 134 disposed in
forefoot region 118. The first portion may be substantially
parallel to longitudinal axis A. Second groove 108 may have a
second portion extending between point 134 and lateral edge 128.
The second portion may curve from point 134 toward lateral edge 128
and extend in a direction angled with respect to longitudinal axis
A. After second groove 108 curves toward lateral edge 128, second
groove 108 may extend in a straight line that is angled with
respect to longitudinal axis A and terminate at lateral edge
128.
[0061] Second groove 108 may be spaced from first groove 106.
Second groove 108 may be substantially parallel to first groove
106. The first portion of first groove 106 may be spaced a first
distance from the first portion of second groove 108. The second
portion of first groove 106 may be spaced a second distance from
second portion of second groove 108. The second distance may be
larger than the first distance because the width of sole layer 102
is smaller than the length of sole layer 102. Thus, the grooves may
have more room to be spaced apart along the length (parallel with
longitudinal axis A) of sole layer 102 than along the width
(perpendicular to longitudinal axis A) of sole layer 102. The
spacing between first groove 106 and second groove 108 may be
adjusted to change the path of the grooves and/or to change
position of the inlet and/or outlet of the grooves.
[0062] Third groove 110 may extend from a third groove inlet 150
located at forward edge 114 to an area adjacent medial edge 126.
Third groove 110 may be a mirror image of first groove 106. Third
groove inlet 150 may be configured to allow air to enter third
groove 110. Third groove inlet 150 may extend through forward edge
114. Third groove 110 may have a first portion extending from third
groove inlet 150 to a point 136 disposed in forefoot region 118.
The first portion may be substantially parallel to longitudinal
axis A. Third groove 110 may have a second portion extending
between point 136 and medial edge 126. The second portion may curve
from point 136 toward medial edge 126 and extend in a direction
angled with respect to longitudinal axis A. After third groove 110
curves toward medial edge 126, third groove 110 may extend in a
straight line that is angled with respect to longitudinal axis A
and terminate at medial edge 126.
[0063] Fourth groove 112 may extend from a fourth groove inlet 148
located at forward edge 114 to an area adjacent medial edge 126.
Fourth groove 112 may be a mirror image of second groove 138.
Fourth groove inlet 148 may be configured to allow air to enter
fourth groove 112. Fourth groove inlet 148 may extend through
forward edge 114. Fourth groove 112 may have a first portion
extending from fourth groove inlet 148 to a point 138 disposed in
forefoot region 118. The first portion may be substantially
parallel to longitudinal axis A. Fourth groove 112 may have a
second portion extending between point 138 and medial edge 126. The
second portion may curve from point 138 toward medial edge 126 and
extend in a direction angled with respect to longitudinal axis A.
After fourth groove 112 curves toward medial edge 126, fourth
groove 112 may extend in a straight line that is angled with
respect to longitudinal axis A and terminate at medial edge
126.
[0064] Third groove 110 may be spaced from fourth groove 112. Third
groove 110 may be substantially parallel to fourth groove 112. The
first portion of third groove 110 may be spaced a first distance
from the first portion of fourth groove 112. The second portion of
third groove 110 may be spaced a second distance from second
portion of fourth groove 112. Similar to the distances between
first groove 106 and second groove 108 (as discussed above), the
second distance between third groove 110 and fourth groove 112 may
be larger than the first distance between third groove 110 and
fourth groove 112 because the width of sole layer 102 is smaller
than the length of sole layer 102.
[0065] Sockliner 104 may include a forefoot region 168, a heel
region 170 opposite forefoot region 168, and midfoot region 172
between forefoot region 168 and heel region 170. Sockliner 104 may
include a medial side 164 and a lateral side 166 disposed opposite
medial side 164. In some embodiments, sockliner 104 may have a lip
corresponding to lip 176 of sole layer 102. Sockliner 104 may
include one or more openings through which air may be introduced
into the interior of the article of footwear. In some embodiments,
sockliner 104 may include one or more openings overlying the
grooves. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, openings 158 and
openings 156 may be disposed in forefoot region 168 on the lateral
side of sockliner 104. Openings 158 may overlie first groove 106
such that air may enter first groove 106 through first groove inlet
154 and may exit first groove 106 through openings 158 into the
interior of the article of footwear. Openings 156 may overlie
second groove 108 such that air may enter second groove 108 through
second groove inlet 152 and may exit second groove 108 through
openings 156 into the interior of the article of footwear.
[0066] Openings 160 and openings 162 may be disposed in forefoot
region 168 on the medial side of sockliner. Openings 162 may
overlie third groove 110 such that air may enter through third
groove inlet 150 and may exit third groove 110 through openings 162
into the interior of the article of footwear. Openings 160 may
overlie fourth groove 112 such that air may enter fourth groove 106
through fourth groove inlet 148 and may exit fourth groove 112
through openings 160 into the interior of the article of
footwear.
[0067] FIGS. 6-9 display ventilation system 100 in action. In FIGS.
6-9, a wearer 1800 is wearing an article of footwear 1802
incorporating ventilation system 100. For simplicity, only third
groove 150 and two of outlets 162 are shown, but it is understood
that any of the paths and outlets may behave as shown in FIGS. 6-9.
FIGS. 6-7 show wearer 1800 taking a step forward with her left
foot. As wearer 1800 steps forward, her weight shifts to forefoot
region 118, as indicated by arrows E. The pressure of the wearer's
weight may cause the portion of sole layer 102 underlying the
wearer's weight to compress. In some embodiments, the pressure of
the wearer's weight may cause the portion of sockliner 104
underlying the wearer's weight to compress. While the drawings show
sole layer 102 and sockliner 104 compressing near the arrows E, it
is understood that sole layer 102 and/or sockliner 104 may compress
at any other location experiencing pressure. The amount of
compression may vary with the amount of pressure experienced by
sole layer 102 and/or sockliner 104, as well as with the type of
material used to make sole layer 102 and/or sockliner 104. As sole
layer 102 and/or sockliner 104 compress, the paths disposed between
sole layer 102 and sockliner 104 may decrease in volume, expelling
air (indicated by arrows F and G) from the paths through openings
156, openings 158, openings 160, and openings 162 into the interior
of article of footwear 1802.
[0068] FIGS. 8-9 show wearer 1800 immediately after taking a step
forward with her left foot such that her left foot is now in the
air. In this position, the wearer's weight no longer compresses
sole layer 102 and/or sockliner 104. The resilience of the material
of sole layer 102 and/or sockliner 104 may cause sole layer 102
and/or sockliner 104 to return to the uncompressed state, causing
the paths to expand, drawing air into the paths through the groove
inlets (indicated by arrow H).
[0069] FIGS. 10-18 illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a
ventilation system 600 for an article of footwear. As shown in
FIGS. 10-11, ventilation system 600 may include a sole layer 602
and a sockliner 604 configured to lie on top of sole layer 602. As
discussed in more detail below, sole layer 602 may include a
reservoir and a plurality of grooves.
[0070] As previously stated, the sole layer may be any type of sole
layer. FIG. 11 shows sole layer 602 and sockliner 604 assembled in
an article of footwear having an upper 796 and an outsole 798.
[0071] Sole layer 602 may include a forefoot region 618, a heel
region 620 disposed opposite forefoot region 618, and a midfoot
region 630 disposed between forefoot region 618 and heel region
620. Sole layer 602 may include edges disposed about the perimeter
of sole layer 602. Sole layer 602 may include a forward edge 614 in
forefoot region 618 and a rearward edge 616 in heel region 620.
Sole layer 602 may include a medial side 622 and a lateral side 624
disposed opposite medial side 622. A longitudinal axis B may extend
through sole layer 602 between medial side 622 and lateral side
624. Sole layer 602 may include a medial edge 626 along medial side
622 and a lateral edge 628 along lateral side 624.
[0072] In some embodiments, sole layer 602 may have a lip 676
disposed along the perimeter of sole layer 602. The height of lip
676 may vary along the perimeter of sole layer 602. For example, as
shown in FIG. 10, lip 676 may have a greater height in heel region
620 than in forefoot region 618. Sole layer 602 may have a top
surface 674 and a bottom surface 603.
[0073] Sole layer 602 may include paths formed by grooves. For
example, sole layer 602 may include paths formed by a first groove
606, a second groove 608, a third groove 688, a fourth groove 690,
a fifth groove 692, and a sixth groove 694. In some embodiments,
two or more grooves may be connected to one another by a reservoir.
For example, first groove 606 and second groove 608 may be
connected to third groove 688, fourth groove 690, fifth groove 692,
and sixth groove 694 by a reservoir 648. The reservoir may have a
first side closer to rearward edge 616 than forward edge 614 and a
second side disposed opposite the first side. One or more grooves
may be disposed between an inlet and the first side. For example,
first groove 606 and second groove 608 may both be disposed between
an inlet and the first side of reservoir 648.
[0074] One or more grooves may extend from the second side of
reservoir 648 and terminate at a point between the second side of
reservoir 648 and forward edge 614. For example, third groove 688,
fourth groove 690, fifth groove 692, and sixth groove 694 may
extend from the second side of reservoir 648 and terminate at a
point between the second side of reservoir 648 and forward edge
614.
[0075] First groove 606 may extend between a first groove inlet
610, disposed at rearward edge 616, and reservoir 648. First groove
inlet 610 may be configured to allow air to enter first groove 606.
First groove inlet 610 may extend through rearward edge 616. Second
groove 608 may extend between a second groove inlet 612, disposed
at rearward edge 616, and reservoir 648. Second groove inlet 612
may be configured to allow air to enter second groove 608. Second
groove inlet 610 may extend through rearward edge 616. First groove
606 and second groove 608 may both be substantially parallel with
longitudinal axis B. FIG. 10 shows two grooves disposed between a
reservoir and inlets located at an edge of a sole layer. However,
in some embodiments, a single groove may replace first groove 606
and second groove 608. In other embodiments, three to ten grooves
may be disposed between a reservoir and inlets located at an edge
of a sole layer. As previously stated, the size, shape, and number
of grooves may be selected based on a variety of factors.
[0076] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10, reservoir 648 may
be disposed in midfoot region 630. In other embodiments, reservoir
648 may be disposed in forefoot region 618 or heel region 620.
Reservoir 648 may be disposed in midfoot region 630 adjacent heel
region 620. Such a placement may allow the grooves disposed in heel
region 620 to be compressed before compressing reservoir 648 when a
wearer takes a step forward. Compressing the grooves disposed in
heel region 620 before compressing reservoir 648 may close off the
connection between the reservoir and the inlets such that air may
be forced into the grooves disposed between the reservoir and the
forward edge.
[0077] Third groove 688 may extend from reservoir 648 to an area in
forefoot region 618 that is adjacent to lateral edge 628. Third
groove 688 may have a first portion extending from reservoir 648 to
a point 632 disposed in forefoot region 618. The first portion may
be substantially parallel to longitudinal axis B. Third groove 688
may have a second portion extending between point 632 and lateral
edge 628. The second portion may curve from point 632 toward
lateral edge 628.
[0078] Fourth groove 690 may extend from reservoir 648 to an area
in forefoot region 618 that is adjacent to lateral edge 628. Fourth
groove 690 may have a first portion extending from reservoir 648 to
a point 634 disposed in forefoot region 618. The first portion may
be substantially parallel to longitudinal axis B. Fourth groove 690
may have a second portion extending between point 634 and lateral
edge 628. The second portion may curve from point 634 toward
lateral edge 628.
[0079] Fifth groove 692 may be a mirror image of fourth groove 690.
Fifth groove 692 may extend from reservoir 648 to an area in
forefoot region 618 that is adjacent to medial edge 626. Fifth
groove 692 may have a first portion extending from reservoir 648 to
a point 636 disposed in forefoot region 618. The first portion may
be substantially parallel to longitudinal axis B. Fifth groove 692
may have a second portion extending between point 636 and medial
edge 626. The second portion may curve from point 636 toward medial
edge 624.
[0080] Sixth groove 694 may be a mirror image of third groove 688.
Sixth groove 694 may extend from reservoir 648 to an area in
forefoot region 618 that is adjacent to medial edge 626. Sixth
groove 694 may have a first portion extending from reservoir 648 to
a point 638 disposed in forefoot region 618. The first portion may
be substantially parallel to longitudinal axis B. Sixth groove 694
may have a second portion extending between point 638 and medial
edge 626. The second portion may curve from point 638 toward medial
edge 624.
[0081] FIG. 10 shows four grooves disposed between a reservoir and
forward edge 614. However, in some embodiments, one to three
grooves may replace third groove 688, fourth groove 690, fifth
groove 692, and sixth groove 694. In other embodiments, five to
fifteen grooves may be disposed between a reservoir and forward
edge 614. The size, shape, and number of grooves may be selected
based on a variety of factors. For example, the number of grooves
may be selected based on the size and shape of the reservoir.
[0082] In some embodiments, one or more of third groove 688, fourth
groove 690, fifth groove 692, and sixth groove 694 may terminate in
midfoot region 630 instead of forefoot region 618. The path of
these grooves may also extend in different directions from those
shown in FIG. 10. The path of the grooves, including the location
of termination, may be selected based on a variety of factors. For
example, the path of the grooves may be selected based on the
places in which air is to enter the article of footwear.
[0083] Sockliner 604 may include a forefoot region 668, a heel
region 670 opposite forefoot region 668, and a midfoot region 672
between forefoot region 668 and heel region 670. Sockliner 604 may
include a medial side 664 and a lateral side 666 disposed opposite
medial side 664. In some embodiments, sockliner 604 may have a lip
corresponding to lip 676 of sole layer 602. Sockliner 604 may
include one or more openings through which air may be introduced
into the interior of the article of footwear. In some embodiments,
sockliner 604 may include one or more openings overlying the
grooves. For example, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, openings 656 and
openings 658 may be disposed in forefoot region 668 on a lateral
side 666 of sockliner 604. Openings 656 may overlie third groove
688 such that air may enter third groove 688 from reservoir 648 and
may exit third groove 688 through openings 656 into the interior of
the article of footwear. Openings 658 may overlie fourth groove 690
such that air may enter fourth groove 690 from reservoir 648 and
may exit fourth groove 690 through openings 658 into the interior
of the article of footwear.
[0084] Openings 660 and openings 662 may be disposed in forefoot
region 668 on the medial side of sockliner. Openings 660 may
overlie fifth groove 692 such that air may enter from reservoir 648
and may exit fifth groove 692 through openings 660 into the
interior of the article of footwear. Openings 662 may overlie sixth
groove 694 such that air may enter from reservoir 648 and may exit
sixth groove 694 through openings 662 into the interior of the
article of footwear.
[0085] While FIGS. 10 and 11 show five openings per groove,
sockliner 604 may include any number of openings per groove. For
example, sockliner 604 may include from one to fifteen openings per
groove. The number of openings may be selected based on a variety
of factors. For example, the number of openings may be selected
based on the size of the groove, the size of the groove inlet,
and/or the material of the sockliner. The number of openings may be
the same or different for each groove. In some embodiments, sole
layer 602 may include openings that do not overlie grooves.
[0086] FIGS. 15-18 display ventilation system 600 in action. In
FIGS. 15-18, a wearer 1900 is wearing an article of footwear
incorporating ventilation system 600. For simplicity, first groove
606, third groove 688, openings 656, reservoir 648, and openings
658 are shown, but it is understood that any of the paths and
outlets may behave as shown in FIGS. 15-18. FIGS. 15-16 show wearer
1900 taking a step forward with her right foot. As wearer 1900
steps forward, her weight shifts to midfoot region 630, as
indicated by arrows I. The pressure of the wearer's weight may
cause the portion of sole layer 602 underlying the wearer's weight
to compress midfoot region 630 adjacent heel region 620. In some
embodiments, the pressure of the wearer's weight may cause the
portion of sockliner 604 underlying the wearer's weight to
compress. While the drawings show sole layer 602 and sockliner 604
compressing near the arrows I, it is understood that sole layer 602
and/or sockliner 604 may compress at any other location
experiencing pressure. The amount of compression may vary with the
amount of pressure experienced by sole layer 602 and/or sockliner
604, as well as with the type of material used to make sole layer
602 and/or sockliner 604. As sole layer 602 and/or sockliner 604
compress, the paths disposed between sole layer 602 and sockliner
604 and the space between reservoir 648 and sockliner 604 may
decrease in volume, expelling air (indicated by arrows J and K)
from the paths through openings 656 and openings 658 into the
interior of article of footwear 1902.
[0087] FIGS. 17-18 show wearer 1900 immediately after taking a step
forward with her right foot such that her right foot is now in the
air. In this position, the wearer's weight no longer compresses
sole layer 602 and/or sockliner 604. The resilience of the material
of sole layer 602 and/or sockliner 604 may cause sole layer 602
and/or sockliner 604 to return to the uncompressed state, causing
the paths to expand, drawing air into the paths through the groove
inlets (indicated by arrow L).
[0088] FIGS. 19-27 illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a
ventilation system 1100 for an article of footwear. As shown in
FIGS. 19-20, ventilation system 1100 may include a sole layer 1102
and a sockliner 1104 configured to lie on top of sole layer 1102.
As discussed in more detail below, sole layer 1102 may include
multiple reservoirs and grooves.
[0089] As previously stated, the sole layer may be any type of sole
layer. FIG. 20 shows sole layer 1102 and sockliner 1104 assembled
in an article of footwear having an upper 1296 and an outsole
1298.
[0090] Sole layer 1102 may include a forefoot region 1118, a heel
region 1120 disposed opposite forefoot region 1118, and a midfoot
region 1130 disposed between forefoot region 1118 and heel region
1120. Sole layer 1202 may include edges disposed about the
perimeter of sole layer 1202. Sole layer 1102 may include a forward
edge 1114 in forefoot region 1118 and a rearward edge 1116 in heel
region 1120. Sole layer 1102 may include a medial side 1122 and a
lateral side 1124 disposed opposite medial side 1122. A
longitudinal axis C may extend through sole layer 1102 between
medial side 1122 and lateral side 1124. Sole layer 1102 may include
a medial edge 1126 along medial side 1122 and a lateral edge 1128
along lateral side 1124.
[0091] In some embodiments, sole layer 1102 may have a lip 1176
disposed along the perimeter of sole layer 1102. The height of lip
1176 may vary along the perimeter of sole layer 1102. For example,
as shown in FIG. 19, lip 1176 may have a greater height in heel
region 1120 than in forefoot region 1118. Sole layer 1102 may have
a top surface 1174 and a bottom surface 1103.
[0092] Sole layer 1102 may include paths formed by grooves. For
example, sole layer 1102 may include paths formed by a first groove
1113, a second groove 1115, a third groove 1117, a fourth groove
1138, a fifth groove 1140, and a sixth groove 1142. Sole layer 1102
may include a plurality of reservoirs each connecting one groove to
another. For example, sole layer 1102 may include a first reservoir
1132, a second reservoir 1134, and a third reservoir 1136. First
groove 1113 may be connected to fourth groove 1138 by first
reservoir 1132. Second groove 1115 may be connected to fifth groove
1140 by second reservoir 1134. Third groove 1117 may be connected
to sixth groove 1142 by third reservoir 1136. Each reservoir may
have a first side closer to rearward edge 1116 than forward edge
1114 and a second side disposed opposite the first side. One or
more grooves may be disposed between an air inlet and the first
side of each reservoir. For example, first groove 1113 may be
disposed between an inlet and a first side of first reservoir 1132.
Second groove 1115 may be disposed between an inlet and a first
side of second reservoir 1134. Third groove 1117 may be disposed
between an inlet and a first side of third reservoir 1136. The
groove inlets may be configured to allow air to enter the grooves.
For example, the groove inlets may extend through an edge to the
corresponding groove.
[0093] One or more grooves may extend from the second side of each
reservoir and terminate at a point between the second side and
forward edge 1114. For example, fourth groove 1138 may extend from
a second side of first reservoir 1132 and terminate at a point
between the second side and forward edge 1114. Fifth groove 1140
may extend from a second side of second reservoir 1134 and
terminate at a point between the second side and forward edge 1114.
Sixth groove 1142 may extend from a second side of third reservoir
1136 and terminate at a point between the second side and forward
edge 1114.
[0094] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 19, first groove inlet
1106, second groove inlet 1108, and third groove inlet 1110 may all
be disposed on medial side 1122 in heel region 1120. The space
between first groove 1113, second groove 1115, and third groove
1117 may increase from rearward edge 1116 toward forward edge 1114.
Similarly, the space between fourth groove 1138, fifth groove 1140,
and sixth groove 1142 may increase from rearward edge 1116 toward
forward edge 1114. In some embodiments, one or more of fourth
groove 1138, fifth groove 1140, and sixth groove 1142 may terminate
in midfoot region 1130 instead of forefoot region 1118. In some
embodiments, individual grooves may terminate in different regions
of sole layer 1102 from one another. The path of the grooves may
also extend in different directions from those shown in FIGS.
19-27. The path of the grooves, including the location of the air
inlet and termination, may be selected based on a variety of
factors. For example, the path of the grooves may be selected based
on the use of the article of footwear.
[0095] FIG. 19 shows single grooves disposed between each reservoir
and an inlet located at an edge of a sole layer. However, in some
embodiments, multiple grooves may be disposed between each
reservoir and inlets located at an edge of a sole layer. For
example, two to ten grooves may be disposed between a reservoir and
inlets located at an edge of a sole layer. Similarly, the number of
grooves between each reservoir and forward edge 1114 may vary. For
example, two to ten grooves may be disposed between a reservoir and
forward edge 1114. The size, shape, and number of grooves may be
selected based on a variety of factors. For example, the number of
grooves may be selected based on the size and shape of the
reservoir.
[0096] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 19, the reservoirs may
be disposed in midfoot region 1130. The reservoirs may be disposed
in midfoot region 1130 adjacent heel region 1120. Such a placement
may allow the grooves disposed in heel region 1120 to be compressed
before compressing the reservoirs when a wearer takes a step
forward. Compressing the grooves disposed in heel region 1120
before the compressing reservoirs may close off the connection
between the reservoirs and the inlets such that air may be forced
into the grooves disposed between the reservoirs and the forward
edge. First reservoir 1132 may be closer to forward edge 1114 than
second reservoir 1134. Second reservoir 1134 may be closer to
forward edge 1114 than third reservoir 1136. In some embodiments,
the reservoirs may be disposed in forefoot region 1118 or heel
region 1120. In some embodiments, individual reservoirs may be
positioned in different regions of sole layer 1102 from each other.
For example, a first reservoir may be disposed in midfoot region
1130 and a second reservoir may be disposed in forefoot region
1118. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 19, first reservoir
1132 may be disposed on lateral side 1124. A first portion of
second reservoir 1134 may be disposed on lateral side 1124 and a
second portion of second reservoir 1134 may be disposed on medial
side 1122. Third reservoir 1136 may be disposed on medial side
1122. In some embodiments, the reservoirs may be positioned
differently with respect to lateral side 1124 and medial side 1122
than the reservoirs are shown in FIG. 19. In some embodiments, as
shown in FIG. 19, the reservoirs may be substantially oval. In some
embodiments, the reservoirs may each have a different size and/or
shape from one another. For example, one reservoir may be oval and
another reservoir may be rectangular. While FIG. 19 shows three
reservoirs, sole layer 1102 may include a different number of
reservoirs. For example, sole layer 1102 may include one to ten
reservoirs. The location, size, shape, and number of reservoirs may
be selected based on a variety of factors. For example, the number
of reservoirs may be selected based on the activity the shoe is
worn for or the position of the grooves.
[0097] Sockliner 1104 may include a forefoot region 1168, a heel
region 1170 opposite forefoot region 1168, and midfoot region 1172
between forefoot region 1168 and heel region 1170. Sockliner 1104
may include a medial side 1164 and a lateral side 1166 disposed
opposite medial side 1164. In some embodiments, sockliner 1104 may
have a lip corresponding to lip 1176 of sole layer 1102. Sockliner
1104 may include one or more openings through which air may be
introduced into the interior of the article of footwear. In some
embodiments, sockliner 1104 may include one or more openings
overlying the grooves. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, openings
1156, openings 1158, and openings 1160 may be disposed in forefoot
region 1168. Openings 1156 may overlie fourth groove 1138 such that
air may enter fourth groove 1138 from first reservoir 1132 and may
exit fourth groove 1138 through openings 1156 into the interior of
the article of footwear. Openings 1158 may overlie fifth groove
1140 such that air may enter fifth groove 1140 from second
reservoir 1134 and may exit fifth groove 1140 through openings 1158
into the interior of the article of footwear. Openings 1160 may
overlie sixth groove 1142 such that air may enter sixth groove 1142
from third reservoir 1136 and may exit sixth groove 1142 through
openings 1160 into the interior of the article of footwear.
[0098] While FIG. 19 shows seven openings per groove, sockliner
1104 may include any number of openings per groove. For example,
sockliner 1104 may include from one to thirty openings per groove.
The number of openings may be selected based on a variety of
factors. For example, the number of openings may be selected based
on the size of the groove, the size of the groove inlet, and/or the
material of the sockliner. The number of openings may be the same
or different for each groove. In some embodiments, sole layer 1102
may include openings that do not overlie grooves.
[0099] FIGS. 24-27 display ventilation system 1100 in action. In
FIGS. 25-25, a wearer 2000 is wearing an article of footwear 2002
incorporating ventilation system 1100. For simplicity, second
groove 1115, fifth groove 1140, reservoir 1134, and openings 1158
are shown, but it is understood that any of the paths, reservoirs,
and outlets may behave as shown in FIGS. 24-27. FIGS. 24-25 show
wearer 2000 taking a step forward with her right foot. As wearer
2000 steps forward, her weight shifts to midfoot region 1130, as
indicated by arrows M. The pressure of the wearer's weight may
cause the portion of sole layer 1102 underlying the wearer's weight
to compress midfoot region 1130 adjacent heel region 1120. In some
embodiments, the pressure of the wearer's weight may cause the
portion of sockliner 1104 underlying the wearer's weight to
compress. While the drawings show sole layer 1102 and sockliner
1104 compressing near the arrows M, it is understood that sole
layer 1102 and/or sockliner 1104 may compress at any other location
experiencing pressure. The amount of compression may vary with the
amount of pressure experienced by sole layer 1102 and/or sockliner
1104, as well as with the type of material used to make sole layer
1102 and/or sockliner 1104. As sole layer 1102 and/or sockliner
1104 compress, the paths disposed between sole layer 1102 and
sockliner 1104 and the space between reservoir 1134 and sockliner
1104 may decrease in volume, expelling air (indicated by arrows N)
from the paths through openings 1158 into the interior of article
of footwear 2002.
[0100] FIGS. 26-27 show wearer 2000 immediately after taking a step
forward with her right foot such that her right foot is now in the
air. In this position, the wearer's weight no longer compresses
sole layer 1102 and/or sockliner 1104. The resilience of the
material of sole layer 1102 and/or sockliner 1104 may cause sole
layer 1102 and/or sockliner 1104 to return to the uncompressed
state, causing the paths to expand, drawing air into the paths
through the groove inlets (indicated by arrow O).
[0101] FIGS. 28-33 illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a
ventilation system 1600 for an article of footwear. As shown in
FIG. 28, ventilation system 1600 may include a sole layer 1602 and
a sockliner 1604 configured to lie on top of sole layer 1602. As
previously stated, the sole layer may be any type of sole layer.
FIG. 29 shows sole layer 1602 and sockliner 1604 assembled in an
article of footwear having an upper 1796 and an outsole 1798.
[0102] Sole layer 1602 may include a plurality of reservoirs and
paths arranged in a forefoot region such that a wearer's
metatarsophalangeal joint overlies the reservoirs and paths. Such
an arrangement may cause a wearer's weight to be concentrated over
the plurality of reservoirs and paths.
[0103] Sole layer 1602 may include a forefoot region 1618, a heel
region 1620 disposed opposite forefoot region 1618, and a midfoot
region 1630 disposed between forefoot region 1618 and heel region
1620. Sole layer 1602 may include edges disposed about the
perimeter of sole layer 1602. Sole layer 1602 may include a forward
edge 1614 in forefoot region 1618 and a rearward edge 1616 in heel
region 1620. Sole layer 1602 may include a medial side 1622 and a
lateral side 1624 disposed opposite medial side 1622. A
longitudinal axis D may extend through sole layer 1602 between
medial side 1622 and lateral side 1624. Sole layer 1602 may include
a medial edge 1626 along medial side 1622 and a lateral edge 1628
along lateral side 1624.
[0104] In some embodiments, sole layer 1602 may have a lip 1676
disposed along the perimeter of sole layer 1602. The height of lip
1676 may vary along the perimeter of sole layer 1602. For example,
as shown in FIG. 28, lip 1676 may have a greater height in heel
region 1620 than in forefoot region 1618. Sole layer 1602 may have
a top surface 1674 and a bottom surface 1603.
[0105] Sole layer 1602 may include paths formed by grooves. For
example, sole layer 1602 may include paths formed by a first groove
1608, a second groove 1610, a third groove 1612, a fourth groove
1638, a fifth groove 1640, a sixth groove 1642, seventh groove
1644, eighth groove 1646, and ninth groove 1648. These grooves may
be disposed in forefoot region 1618. Sole layer 1602 may include a
plurality of reservoirs each connecting one groove to another. For
example, sole layer 1602 may include a first reservoir 1632, a
second reservoir 1634, and a third reservoir 1636. First groove
1608, second groove 1610, and third groove 1612 may each be
connected to one another by first reservoir 1632. Third groove
1612, fourth groove 1638, fifth groove 1640, and sixth groove 1642
may each be connected to one another by second reservoir 1634.
Sixth groove 1642, seventh groove 1644, eighth groove 1646, and
ninth groove 1648 may each be connected to one another by third
reservoir 1636.
[0106] First reservoir 1632, second reservoir 1634, and third
reservoir 1636 may be disposed in forefoot region 1618 in positions
that align with a wearer's metatarsophalangeal joint such that the
reservoirs may be compressed when the wearer's weight is shifted to
his metatarsophalangeal joint. For example, first reservoir 1632
may be substantially aligned with the wearer's fourth and fifth
metatarsophalangeal joints. First reservoir 1632 may be closer to
lateral edge 1628 and midfoot region 1630 than second reservoir
1634. Second reservoir 1634 may be substantially aligned with the
wearer's third and fourth metatarsophalangeal joints. Second
reservoir 1634 may be closer to lateral edge 1628 and midfoot
region 1630 than third reservoir 1636. Third reservoir 1636 may be
substantially aligned with the wearer's first and second
metatarsophalangeal joints.
[0107] First groove 1608 may extend from a first groove inlet 1650,
disposed on lateral edge 1628, to first reservoir 1632. First
groove 1608 may provide a path for air to enter from exterior of
the article of footwear to first reservoir 1632. First groove inlet
1650 may be configured to allow air to enter first groove 1608. For
example, first groove inlet 1650 may extend through an edge to the
corresponding groove. Second groove 1610 may extend from a point
adjacent lateral edge 1628 to first reservoir 1632. In some
embodiments, as shown in FIG. 28, first groove 1608 may have an
inlet and second groove 1610 may not have an inlet. In other
embodiments, second groove 1610 may have an inlet and first groove
1608 may or may not have an inlet.
[0108] Third groove 1612 may extend from first reservoir 1632 to
second reservoir 1634 such that third groove 1612 connects first
reservoir 1632 to second reservoir 1634. Sixth groove 1642 may
extend from second reservoir 1634 to third reservoir 1636 such that
sixth groove 1642 connects second reservoir 1634 to third reservoir
1636. Fourth groove 1638 may extend from a point adjacent lateral
edge 1628 to second reservoir 1634. Fifth groove 1640 may extend
from a fifth groove inlet 1655, disposed on medial edge 1626, to
second reservoir 1634. The groove inlet may be configured to allow
air to enter the groove. For example, the groove inlet may extend
through an edge of the corresponding groove. Fifth groove 1640 may
provide a path for air to enter from exterior of the article of
footwear to second reservoir 1634. In some embodiments, as shown in
FIG. 28, fourth groove 1638 may have an inlet and fifth groove 1640
may not have an inlet. In other embodiments, fifth groove 1640 may
have an inlet and fourth groove 1638 may or may not have an
inlet.
[0109] Eighth groove 1646 may extend from an eighth groove inlet
1654, disposed on lateral edge 1628, to eighth reservoir 1646.
Eighth groove inlet 1654 may provide a path for air to enter from
exterior of the article of footwear to eighth groove 1646. Seventh
groove 1644 may extend from a point adjacent medial edge 1626 to
third reservoir 1636. Ninth groove 1648 may extend from a point
adjacent medial edge 1626 to third reservoir 1636. In some
embodiments, one or more of seventh groove 1644, ninth groove 1648,
and eighth groove 1646 may have inlets. For example, as shown in
FIG. 28, eighth groove 1646 may have an inlet, and seventh groove
1644 and ninth groove 1648 may not have inlets.
[0110] In some embodiments, the reservoirs may be positioned
differently with respect to lateral side 1624 and medial side 1622
than the reservoirs are shown in FIG. 28. In some embodiments, as
shown in FIG. 28, the reservoirs may be substantially circular. In
some embodiments, the reservoirs may each have a different size
and/or shape from one another. For example, one reservoir may be
oval and another reservoir may be rectangular. While FIG. 28 shows
three reservoirs, sole layer 1602 may include a different number of
reservoirs. For example, sole layer 1602 may include one to ten
reservoirs. The location, size, shape, and number of reservoirs may
be selected based on a variety of factors. For example, the number
of reservoirs may be selected based on the distribution of pressure
applied to the sole layer when a wearer takes a step. The thickness
of sole layer 1602 and the depth of the grooves and reservoirs may
be similar to those shown in other embodiments.
[0111] Sockliner 1604 may include a forefoot region 1668, a heel
region 1670 opposite forefoot region 1668, and midfoot region 1672
between forefoot region 1668 and heel region 1670. Sockliner 1604
may include a medial side 1664 and a lateral side 1666 disposed
opposite medial side 1664. In some embodiments, sockliner 1604 may
have a lip corresponding to lip 1676 of sole layer 1602. Sockliner
1604 may include one or more openings through which air may be
introduced into the interior of the article of footwear. In some
embodiments, sockliner 1604 may include one or more openings
overlying the grooves. For example, as shown in FIG. 28, openings
1656, openings 1658, openings 1660, and openings 1662 may be
disposed in forefoot region 1668. Openings 1656 may overlie second
groove 1610 such that air may enter second groove 1610 from first
reservoir 1632 and may exit second groove 1610 through openings
1656 into the interior of the article of footwear. Openings 1658
may overlie fourth groove 1638 such that air may enter fourth
groove 1638 from second reservoir 1634 and may exit fourth groove
1638 through openings 1668 into the interior of the article of
footwear. Openings 1660 may overlie ninth groove 1648 such that air
may enter ninth groove 1648 from third reservoir 1636 and may exit
ninth groove 1648 through openings 1660 into the interior of the
article of footwear. Openings 1662 may overlie seventh groove 1644
such that air may enter seventh groove 1644 from third reservoir
1636 and may exit seventh groove 1644 through openings 1662 into
the interior of the article of footwear.
[0112] As shown in FIG. 28, the number of openings may be the same
or different for each groove. For example, fifth groove 1640 may
align with seven grooves while third groove 1638 may align with
five grooves. In other embodiments, the number of openings aligning
with grooves may be same for each groove. Sockliner 1604 may
include any number of openings per groove. For example, sockliner
1604 may include from one to thirty openings per groove. The number
of openings may be selected based on a variety of factors. For
example, the number of openings may be selected based on the size
of the groove, the size of the groove inlet, and/or the material of
the sockliner. In some embodiments, sole layer 1602 may include
openings that do not overlie grooves. In some embodiments, the
openings may overlie different grooves from those shown in FIG.
28.
[0113] FIGS. 30-33 display ventilation system 1600 in action. In
FIGS. 30-31, a wearer 2100 is wearing an article of footwear
incorporating ventilation system 1600. For simplicity, fourth
groove 1638, fifth groove 1640, reservoir 1634, and openings 1658
are shown, but it is understood that any of the paths, reservoirs,
and outlets may behave as shown in FIGS. 30-33. FIGS. 30-31 show
wearer 2000 taking a step forward with her right foot. As wearer
2100 steps forward, her weight shifts to forefoot region 1618, as
indicated by arrows Q. For example, the wearer's weight may shift
to her metatarsophalangeal joint. The pressure of the wearer's
weight may cause the portion of sole layer 1602 underlying the
wearer's weight to compress forefoot region 1618. In some
embodiments, the pressure of the wearer's weight may cause the
portion of sockliner 1604 underlying the wearer's weight to
compress. While the drawings show sole layer 1602 and sockliner
1604 compressing near the arrows Q, it is understood that sole
layer 1602 and/or sockliner 1604 may compress at any other location
experiencing pressure. The amount of compression may vary with the
amount of pressure experienced by sole layer 1602 and/or sockliner
1604, as well as with the type of material used to make sole layer
1602 and/or sockliner 1604. As sole layer 1602 and/or sockliner
1604 compress, the paths disposed between sole layer 1602 and
sockliner 1604 and the space between reservoir 1634 and sockliner
1604 may decrease in volume, expelling air (indicated by arrows P)
from the paths through openings 1658 into the interior of article
of footwear 2102.
[0114] FIGS. 32-33 show wearer 2100 immediately after taking a step
forward with her right foot such that her right foot is now in the
air. In this position, the wearer's weight no longer compresses
sole layer 1602 and/or sockliner 1604. The resilience of the
material of sole layer 1602 and/or sockliner 1604 may cause sole
layer 1602 and/or sockliner 1604 to return to the uncompressed
state, causing the paths to expand, drawing air into the paths
through the groove inlets (indicated by arrow R).
[0115] In some embodiments, the sole layer or another layer beneath
the sole layer, such as an outsole, may include protrusions
aligning with the reservoirs and/or grooves such that the
protrusions help compress the reservoirs and/or grooves under the
pressure of a wearer's weight.
[0116] Components of the disclosed embodiments may be incorporated
into any embodiment of the ventilation system. In other words,
components may be combined and/or substituted for one another.
[0117] While various embodiments of the invention have been
described, the description is intended to be exemplary, rather than
limiting and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the
art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible
that are within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the
invention is not to be restricted except in light of the attached
claims and their equivalents. Also, various modifications and
changes may be made within the scope of the attached claims.
* * * * *