U.S. patent application number 14/888122 was filed with the patent office on 2016-03-03 for elliptical exercise device.
This patent application is currently assigned to Larry D. Miller Trust. The applicant listed for this patent is Larry D. Miller. Invention is credited to Larry D. Miller.
Application Number | 20160059067 14/888122 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 55401336 |
Filed Date | 2016-03-03 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160059067 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Miller; Larry D. |
March 3, 2016 |
ELLIPTICAL EXERCISE DEVICE
Abstract
An elliptical exercise device includes a frame supporting guide
links which provide for a horizontal component of motion of
associated foot support links A mechanical coupling couples the
foot support links to a crank system and intermediate links couple
the crank system to the guide links such that a foot receiving area
of each foot support link moves in a closed generally elliptical
path when the crank system rotates.
Inventors: |
Miller; Larry D.;
(Rochester, MI) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Miller; Larry D. |
Rochester |
MI |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Larry D. Miller Trust
Rochester
MI
|
Family ID: |
55401336 |
Appl. No.: |
14/888122 |
Filed: |
May 7, 2014 |
PCT Filed: |
May 7, 2014 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US2014/037133 |
371 Date: |
October 30, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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13942119 |
Jul 15, 2013 |
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14888122 |
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14083009 |
Nov 18, 2013 |
9166200 |
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13942119 |
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61820312 |
May 7, 2013 |
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61820312 |
May 7, 2013 |
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61870409 |
Aug 27, 2013 |
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61881097 |
Sep 23, 2013 |
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61925059 |
Jan 8, 2014 |
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61927752 |
Jan 15, 2014 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
482/52 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B 21/015 20130101;
A63B 21/154 20130101; A63B 22/0664 20130101; A63B 24/0087 20130101;
A63B 21/0051 20130101; A63B 2209/00 20130101; A63B 21/00072
20130101; A63B 2022/0682 20130101; A63B 22/001 20130101; A63B
22/0015 20130101; A63B 21/225 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A63B 22/00 20060101
A63B022/00; A63B 22/06 20060101 A63B022/06 |
Claims
1. An elliptical exercise device comprising: a frame configured to
be supported on a horizontal surface, the frame having a first
pivot axis and a second pivot axis defined thereon; a first and a
second guide link each having a first and a second attachment point
defined thereon, each guide link being pivotally attached, through
its first attachment point, to the frame at the first pivot axis
thereof, the guide links each including an upper portion defining
the first attachment point and a lower portion defining the second
attachment point of the guide link, the lower portion being movable
with respect to the upper portion such that a distance between the
first and second attachment point changes; a first and a second
ramp each having an upper surface, each ramp being disposed below a
respective one of the guide links at a lower end of the frame; a
first and a second foot support link each configured to support a
user's foot thereupon, each foot support link being pivotally
connected to the second attachment point of a respective one of the
guide links so that when the guide links reciprocate relative to
the frame, they each cause their respective foot support link to
move in a path of travel having a substantially horizontal
component of motion, a forward end of each foot support link
engaging the upper surface of a respective one of the ramps a crank
system pivotally attached to the frame at the second pivot axis
thereof, the crank system being rotatable about the second pivot
axis; a first and a second mechanical coupling each coupling a
respective one of the foot support links to the crank system such
that rotation of the crank system about the second pivot axis moves
the foot support links in a path of travel having a substantially
vertical component of motion, each mechanical coupling including a
foot support portion extending upwardly from a respective one of
the foot support links to a vertical control guide, each vertical
control guide being disposed rearwardly of the first and second
pivot axes and above the second pivot axis; a first and a second
intermediate link each having a first end coupled to the crank
system and a second end coupled to a respective one of the guide
links such that rotation of the crank system about the second pivot
axis causes the respective first and second guide links to pivot
about the first pivot axis such that the foot support links move in
the path of travel having a substantially horizontal component of
motion; wherein the mechanical couplings and the intermediate links
are coupled to the crank system such that the horizontal component
of motion and the vertical component of motion are out of phase
wherein when the horizontal component of motion of each foot
support link is at its forwardmost or rearwardmost limit, the
vertical component of motion of the same foot support link is
approximately midway between its uppermost and lowermost limit;
whereby a foot receiving area of each foot support link moves in a
generally elliptical path when the crank system rotates about the
second pivot axis.
2. (canceled)
3. An exercise device in accordance with claim 1, wherein each
vertical control guide is a pulley rotationally mounted on the
frame.
4. An exercise device in accordance with claim 3, wherein each
mechanical coupling is a flexible element having a first end
interconnected to the crank system, a second end interconnected to
a respective one of the foot support links, and a midportion
extending over one of the vertical control guides on the frame.
5. An exercise device in accordance with claim 4, further
comprising: the frame having a forward portion forward of the first
pivot axis and a rearward portion rearward of the first pivot axis.
a first and a second forward pulley supported on the forward
portion of the frame and forward of the second pivot axis; the
midportion of each of the flexible elements further extending over
a respective one of the forward pulleys; and the first end of each
flexible element extending rearwardly from the respective forward
pulley to the crank system.
6. An exercise device in accordance with claim 5, further
comprising: a first and a second upper pulley supported on the
forward portion of the frame and above the forward pulleys; the
midportion of each of the flexible elements further extending over
a respective one of the upper pulleys; and the intermediate links
extend generally vertically upwardly from the crank system.
7. An exercise device in accordance with claim 4, further
comprising: the frame having a forward portion forward of the first
pivot axis and a rearward portion rearward of the first pivot axis.
a first and a second upper pulley supported on the forward portion
of the frame and above the second pivot axis; the midportion of
each of the flexible elements further extending over a respective
one of the upper pulleys; and the first end of each flexible
element extending downwardly from the respective upper pulley to
the crank system.
8. An exercise device in accordance with claim 7, wherein: the
crank system includes four attachment points disposed approximately
90 degrees apart; and the first ends of the mechanical couplings
being coupled to two of the attachment points and the intermediate
links being coupled to the other two of the attachment points.
9. An exercise device in accordance with claim 7, wherein the
intermediate links extend generally rearwardly from the crank
system.
10. An exercise device in accordance with claim 4, wherein the
first end of each of the flexible elements is interconnected to the
crank system by being connected to one of the intermediate
links.
11. An exercise device in accordance with claim 4, wherein: the
crank system includes a first crank arm and a second crank arm; the
first end of each of the flexible elements is directly connected to
one of the crank arms; and the first end of each intermediate link
is connected to the same crank arm as the corresponding flexible
element.
12. An exercise device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the
crank system includes attachment points; the mechanical couplings
each having a first end directly connected to the one of the
attachment points; and the first end of each intermediate links
being directly connected to one of the attachment points.
13. An exercise device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: each of
the guide arms has a connecting portion extending forwardly to a
third attachment point; the second end of each of the intermediate
links being connected to the third attachment point of a respective
one of the guide arms; and the intermediate links extend generally
vertically.
14. An exercise device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the
foot support portions of the mechanical couplings extend generally
vertically when the foot support links are at middle position.
15. An exercise device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
intermediate links are indirectly coupled to the crank system.
16. An exercise device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: each
mechanical coupling includes a rocker arm pivotally interconnected
with the frame, the rocker arm having a first end coupled to the
crank system and a second end defining the vertical control
guide.
17. An exercise device in accordance with claim 16, wherein: each
mechanical coupling further includes a flexible element extending
from a respective one of the foot support links to a respective
vertical control guide of the respective rocker arm.
18. An exercise device in accordance with claim 17, wherein: each
rocker arm is generally L-shaped and includes a forward portion
extending downwardly to a position near the crank system.
19-26. (canceled)
27. An exercise device in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the
lower portion of each guide link telescopes with the upper
portion.
28. An exercise device in accordance with claim 1, the lower
portion of each guide link comprises a short link that pivots with
respect to the upper portion.
29. An exercise device in accordance with claim 1, each foot
support link further comprises a roller that engages the ramp.
30-36. (canceled)
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 14/083,099, filed Nov. 18, 2013, which is a
continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
13/942,119, filed Jul. 15, 2013, which claims the benefit of U.S.
provisional patent application No. 61/820,312, filed May 7, 2013.
This continuation-in-part application also claims priority to U.S.
provisional patent application Nos. 61/870,409, filed Aug. 27,
2013; 61/881,097, filed Sep. 23, 2013; 61/925,059, filed Jan. 8,
2014; and 61/927,752, filed Jan. 15, 2014, the contents of all of
which are incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates to elliptical exercise devices in
which the path of travel of a user's foot is generally
elliptical.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] There are a number of exercise devices that operate to allow
a user to implement a foot action following a generally closed,
curved path of travel, simulating running and/or walking. These
devices are generally referred to as "elliptical" exercise devices.
Many such elliptical exercise devices are large, complicated,
costly, and/or have undesirable characteristics related to the
motion of the user's feet.
[0004] U.S. Pat. No. 5,518,473 to Miller shows an early design for
an elliptical exercise device. The device provides a path of travel
that simulates running and/or walking but is quite large and does
not provide for arm exercise.
[0005] U.S. Pat. No. 5,611,756 to Miller discloses a elliptical
exercise device with arm and leg movement. A pair of guide links
are pivotally supported on a frame and a foot engaging link is
supported at the lower end of each guide link. An intermediate link
connects each guide links to crank. A control link joins each foot
link to the corresponding intermediate link to vary the angle of
the foot link relative to the guide link.
[0006] U.S. Pat. No. 6,045,487 to Miller discloses an elliptical
exercise device having a pair of guide links pivotally supported on
a frame and a foot link supported at the lower end of each guide
link. An intermediate link connects each guide link to a crank of a
crank system. A flexible control member engages each foot link and
extends up and over a pulley located at the guide link pivot axis.
The control members connect to a reciprocating assembly for moving
the foot links up and down as the guide links pivot back and
forth.
[0007] U.S. Pat. No. 7,708,668 to Rodgers, Jr. shows several
embodiments of an exercise device having flexible elements coupling
left and right foot support members to a crank system. The exercise
device allows for a variable stride length and decouples the
vertical and horizontal components of foot travel.
[0008] U.S. Pat. No. 7,556,591 to Chuang et al. discloses an
exercise device with cranks mounted to an upper portion of a frame.
Two handles are pivoted to the frame forward of the cranks. Foot
supports are pivotally coupled to the lower ends of the handles.
Pivot rods extend between each foot support and one of the cranks.
Additional links connect each handle with the same cranks as the
respective pivot rod.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] The present invention offers several embodiments of an
elliptical exercise device. Some embodiments offer a path of motion
with desirable characteristics. In addition, some embodiments are
compact in form and have reduced mechanical complexity.
[0010] A first embodiment of an elliptical exercise device includes
a frame configured to be supported on a horizontal surface. The
frame has a first pivot axis and a second pivot axis defined
thereon. A first and a second guide link each have a first and a
second attachment point defined thereon. Each guide link is
pivotally attached, through its first attachment point, to the
frame at the first pivot axis thereof. A first and a second foot
link are each configured to support a user's foot thereon. Each
foot support link is pivotally connected to the second attachment
point of a respective one of the guide links so that when the guide
links reciprocate relative to the frame they each cause their
respective foot support link to move in a path of travel having a
substantially horizontal component of motion. A crank system is
pivotally attached to the frame at the second pivot axis thereof.
The crank system is rotatable about the second pivot axis. A first
and a second mechanical coupling each couple a respective one of
the foot support links to the crank system such that rotation of
the crank system about the second pivot axis moves the foot support
links in a path of travel having a substantially vertical component
of motion. Each mechanical coupling includes a foot support portion
extending upwardly from a respective one of the foot support links
to a vertical control guide. Each vertical control guide is
disposed rearwardly of the first and second pivot axes and above
the second pivot axis. A first and a second intermediate link each
have a first end coupled to the crank system and a second end
connected to a respective one of the guide links such that rotation
of the crank system about the second pivot axis causes the
respective first and second guide links to pivot about the first
pivot axis such that the foot support links move in the path of
travel having a substantially horizontal component of motion. The
mechanical couplings and the intermediate links are coupled to the
crank system such that the horizontal component of motion and the
vertical component of motion of the foot support links are out of
phase, wherein when the horizontal component of motion of each foot
support link is at its forwardmost or rearwardmost limit, the
vertical component of motion of the same foot support link is
approximately midway between its uppermost and lowermost limit. In
operation, a foot receiving area of each foot support link moves in
a generally elliptical path when the crank system rotates about the
second pivot axis.
[0011] In particular embodiments, each vertical control guide is
disposed on the frame and in some versions each vertical control
guide is defined by a pulley rotationally mounted on the frame.
Each mechanical coupling may be a flexible element having one end
interconnected to the crank system, a second end interconnected to
a respective one of the foot support links, and a mid portion
extending over one of the vertical control guides on the frame.
[0012] The frame may be said to have a forward portion forward of
the first pivot axis and a rearward portion rearward of the first
pivot axis. In particular embodiments, a first and a second forward
pulley are supported on the forward portion of the frame, with the
mid portion of each of the flexible elements further extending over
a respective one of the forward pulleys. The first end of each
flexible element extends rearwardly from the respective forward
pulley to the crank system. Some versions further include a first
and a second upper pulley supported on the forward portion of the
frame and above the forward pulleys, and the mid portion of each of
the flexible elements further extends over a respective one of the
upper pulleys. In some versions, the intermediate links extend
generally vertically upwardly from the crank system.
[0013] In particular embodiments, a first and a second upper pulley
is supported on the forward portion of the frame above the second
pivot axis and the midportion of each of the flexible elements
extends over a respective one of the upper pulleys. The first end
of each flexible element extends downwardly from the respective
upper pulley to the crank system. In some versions, the
intermediate links extend generally vertically upwardly from the
crank system. The cranks system may include four attachment points
disposed approximately 90 degrees apart and the first ends of the
mechanical couplings are coupled to two of the attachment points
and the first ends of the intermediate links are coupled to the
other two attachment points. In some versions, the intermediate
links extend generally rearwardly from the crank system.
[0014] In particular embodiments, the first end of each flexible
element is interconnected to the crank system by being connected to
one of the intermediate links.
[0015] In particular embodiments, the cranks system includes a
first and a second crank arm and the first end of each of the
flexible elements is directly connected to one of the crank arms.
In some versions, the first end of each intermediate link is
connected to the same crank arm as the corresponding flexible
element.
[0016] In particular embodiments, the cranks system includes
attachment points and the mechanical couplings each have a first
end directly connected to one of the attachment points. In some
versions, the first end of each intermediate link is directly
connected to one of the attachment points.
[0017] In particular embodiments, the intermediate links extend
generally vertically. In some versions, each of the guide arms has
a connecting portion extending forwardly to a third attachment
point and the first end of each of the intermediate links is
connected to the third attachment point of a respective one of the
guide arms.
[0018] In particular embodiments, the foot support portions of the
mechanical couplings extend generally vertically when the foot
support links are at a middle position.
[0019] In particular embodiments, a first and second bell crank are
coupled to the crank system, and the intermediate links are coupled
to the crank system by being coupled to the bell cranks.
[0020] In particular embodiments, each mechanical coupling includes
a rocker arm pivotally interconnected with the frame. The rocker
arm has a first end coupled to the crank system and a second end
coupled to a respective one of the foot support portions. The
second end may define the vertical control guide. In some versions,
the mechanical coupling further includes a flexible element
extending from a respective one of the foot support links to a
respective vertical control guide of the respective rocker arm. In
some versions, the rocker arm is L-shaped and includes a forward
portion extending downwardly to a position near the crank
system.
[0021] In particular embodiments, the foot support links are
generally horizontal and the connection between each foot support
link and the respective one of the guide links is at a forward end
of the support link. The foot receiving area is defined at a
rearward end of each foot support link and the foot support portion
of each mechanical coupling is connected to a mid portion of a
respective one of the foot support links.
[0022] In certain embodiments, the guide links have a working
length defined between the first attachment point and the second
attachment point and the intermediate links have a length that is
at least 80% of the guide link working length. In some versions,
the intermediate links extend generally vertically.
[0023] In particular embodiments, the substantially horizontal
component of motion of each foot support link has a higher
acceleration when the foot support link is at a forward end of
travel than when the foot support link is at a rearward end of
travel.
[0024] In particular embodiments, the vertical height of the
vertical component of motion is adjustable. In some versions, the
connection between each mechanical coupling and the crank system is
adjustable with respect to the second pivot axis so as to change
the vertical height of the vertical component of motion.
[0025] In particular embodiments, the horizontal length of the
horizontal component of motion is adjustable. In some versions,
each of the guide arms has a third attachment point defined
thereon. The first end of each of the intermediate links is
connected to the third attachment point of a respective one of the
guide arms and the third attachment points are adjustable so as to
change a horizontal length of the elliptical path.
[0026] In particular embodiments, the exercise device further
includes first and second ramps, each having an upper surface. Each
ramp is disposed below a respective one of the guide links at a
lower end of the frame. The guide links include an upper portion
defining the first attachment point and a lower portion defining
the second attachment point of the guide link. The lower portion is
movable with respect to the upper portion such that a distance
between the first and second attachment point changes. A forward
end of each foot support link engages the upper surface of a
respective one of the ramps. In some versions, the lower portion of
each guide link telescopes with the upper portion. In other
versions, the lower portion of each guide link is a short link that
pivots with respect to the upper portion. In some versions, each
foot support includes a roller that engages the ramp.
[0027] In particular embodiments, the guide links each include hand
portions extending upwardly from the first attachment point.
[0028] In some embodiments, the crank system has a first and a
second crank arm. The first end of each intermediate link is
connected to a respective one of the crank arms and each of the
mechanical couplings is coupled to a respective one of the crank
arms.
[0029] In some embodiments, the cranks system includes four
attachment points defined thereon. The first ends of the mechanical
couplings are coupled to two of the attachment points and the
intermediate links are coupled to the other two of the attachment
points. At least some of the attachment points are adjustable such
that the relative phasing of the horizontal and vertical components
of motion of the foot support links is adjustable.
[0030] In particular embodiments, a retraction mechanism is
provided for changing the effective length of the mechanical
couplings such that the position of each foot support link relative
to the corresponding guide link may be altered, thereby altering a
motion profile of each foot receiving area. In some versions, the
retraction mechanism has a first and second intermediate pulley
each engaging one of the mechanical couplings and moveable so as to
change the effective length of the mechanical coupling.
[0031] In particular embodiments, the foot support portion of each
mechanical coupling is connected to the corresponding foot support
link at a coupling attachment point. Each guide link and the
corresponding foot support portion of the respective mechanical
coupling are generally parallel to each other and the corresponding
first attachment point, second attachment point, vertical control
guide and coupling attachment point generally form a
parallelogram.
[0032] In another embodiment of the present invention, the
elliptical exercise device includes a frame configured to be
supported on a horizontal surface. The frame has a first pivot
axis, a second pivot axis, and a first and second vertical control
guide defined thereon. Each vertical control guide is disposed
rearwardly of the first and second pivot axes. A first and a second
guide link each have a first and a second attachment point defined
thereon. Each guide link is pivotally attached, through its first
attachment point, to the frame at the first pivot axis thereof. A
first and a second foot support link are each configured to support
a user's foot thereupon. Each foot support link is pivotally
connected to the second attachment point of a respective one of the
guide links so that when the guide links reciprocate relative to
the frame, they each cause their respective foot support link to
move in a path of travel having a substantially horizontal
component of motion. A crank system is pivotally attached to the
frame at the second pivot axis thereof. The crank system is
rotatable about the second pivot axis. A first and a second
flexible coupling each couple a respective one of the foot support
links to the crank system such that rotation of the crank system
about the second pivot axis moves the foot support links in a path
of travel having a substantially vertical component of motion. Each
flexible coupling includes a foot support portion extending
upwardly from a respective one of the foot support links to a
respective one of the vertical control guides. A first and a second
intermediate link each have a first end coupled to the crank system
and a second end coupled to a respective one of the guide links
such that rotation of the crank system about the second pivot axis
causes the respective first and second guide links to pivot about
the first pivot axis such that the foot support links move in the
path of travel having a substantially horizontal component of
motion. The mechanical couplings and the intermediate links are
coupled to the cranks system such that the horizontal component of
motion and the vertical component of motion of the foot support
links are out of phase, wherein when the horizontal component of
motion of each foot support link is at its forwardmost or
rearwardmost limit, the vertical component of motion of the same
foot support link is approximately midway between its uppermost and
lowermost limit. In operation, a foot receiving area of each foot
support link moves in a generally elliptical path when the crank
system rotates about the second pivot axis.
[0033] In a further embodiment of an elliptical exercise device
includes a frame configured to be supported on a horizontal
surface. The frame has a first pivot axis and a second pivot axis
defined thereon. A first and a second guide link each have a first
and a second attachment point defined thereon. Each guide link is
pivotally attached, through its first attachment point, to the
frame at the first pivot axis thereof. A first and a second foot
link are each configured to support a user's foot thereon. Each
foot support link is pivotally connected to the second attachment
point of a respective one of the guide links so that when the guide
links reciprocate relative to the frame they each cause their
respective foot support link to move in a path of travel having a
substantially horizontal component of motion. A crank system is
pivotally attached to the frame at the second pivot axis thereof.
The crank system is rotatable about the second pivot axis. A first
and a second intermediate link each have a first end coupled to the
crank system and a second end connected to a respective one of the
guide links such that rotation of the crank system about the second
pivot axis causes the respective first and second guide links to
pivot about the first pivot axis such that the foot support links
move in the path of travel having a substantially horizontal
component of motion. A first and a second mechanical coupling each
couple a respective one of the foot support links to a respective
one of the intermediate links such that movement of the
intermediate links moves the foot support links in a path of travel
having a substantially vertical component of motion. Each
mechanical coupling includes a foot support portion extending
upwardly from a respective one of the foot support links to a
vertical control guide. Each vertical control guide is disposed
rearwardly of the first and second pivot axes and above the second
pivot axis. The mechanical couplings are coupled to the
intermediate links and the intermediate links are coupled to the
crank system such that the horizontal component of motion and the
vertical component of motion of the foot support links are out of
phase, wherein when the horizontal component of motion of each foot
support link is at its forwardmost or rearwardmost limit, the
vertical component of motion of the same foot support link is
approximately midway between its uppermost and lowermost limit. In
operation, a foot receiving area of each foot support link moves in
a generally elliptical path when the crank system rotates about the
second pivot axis.
[0034] As will be clear to those of skill in the art, the various
elements, details and variations illustrated and discussed with
respect to particular embodiments may be combined in different ways
and used with other embodiments, in any combination.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a first embodiment of
an elliptical exercise device in accordance with the present
invention;
[0036] FIG. 2 is a detailed top view of an embodiment of a crank
system for use with some versions of the present invention;
[0037] FIG. 3A is a schematic illustrating movement characteristics
of a crank-slider mechanism;
[0038] FIG. 3B is a schematic similar to FIG. 3A but with a longer
connecting arm between the crank and slider;
[0039] FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of a second embodiment of
an elliptical exercise device in accordance with the present
invention;
[0040] FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of a third embodiment of
an elliptical exercise device in accordance with the present
invention;
[0041] FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view taken along lines 6-6 of
FIG. 5;
[0042] FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of a fourth embodiment of
an elliptical exercise device in accordance with the present
invention;
[0043] FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view taken along lines 8-8 of
FIG. 7;
[0044] FIG. 9 is a side elevational view of a fifth embodiment of
an elliptical exercise device in accordance with the present
invention;
[0045] FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of a sixth embodiment of
an elliptical exercise device in accordance with the present
invention;
[0046] FIG. 11 is a side elevational view of a portion of a seventh
embodiment of an elliptical exercise device in accordance with the
present invention;
[0047] FIG. 12 is a side elevational view of an eighth embodiment
of an elliptical exercise device in accordance with the present
invention; and
[0048] FIG. 13 is a side elevational view of a ninth embodiment of
an elliptical exercise device in accordance with the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0049] The present invention will be explained with reference to
some particular embodiments, and it is to be understood that yet
other embodiments, modifications, and variations thereof will be
apparent to those of skill in the art in view of the teaching
presented herein. As will be clear to those of skill in the art, an
elliptical exercise device is designed to be used by a user placing
each of their feet on a respective foot receiving area and then
moving their feet along a closed elliptical path. As such, an
elliptical exercise device includes left and right elements for
supporting the respective left and right feet of the user. The
right and left components of the exercise device are typically
substantially the same, though the machine may be constructed such
that the two foot receiving areas are 180 degrees out of phase.
That is, when one foot receiving area is moving forwardly, the
other foot receiving area is moving rearwardly. The present
invention will be described primarily with reference to only one
set of the components, with it being understood that the
corresponding components on the other half of the device are
constructed similarly.
[0050] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an elliptical exercise
device 10 structured in accord with the principles of the present
invention. The device includes a frame 12 which is configured and
operative to retain and support the various other components of the
device on a horizontal surface such as a floor. The frame 12 is
typically fabricated from metal and/or composite materials and/or
wood, but any material may be used. The frame 12 has an upper
portion 14 and a lower portion 16. The lower portion 16 is
configured to contact the horizontal surface while the upper
portion 14 supports several components of the device 10. A first
pivot axis 18 is defined in a central area of the upper portion 14
of the frame 12. The frame 12 may be send to have a forward portion
forward of the first pivot axis, which is to the left in the view
of FIG. 1, and a rearward portion rearward of the first pivot axis,
which is to the right in the view of FIG. 1.
[0051] A pair of guide links are pivotally interconnected with the
frame so as to be pivotable about the first pivot axis 18. FIG. 1
is a view of the left side of the exercise device 10 and the left
guide link 20 is visible. Because the guide link 20 is shown at the
midpoint of its travel, the right guide link is hidden behind it.
All left and right components may alternatively be referred to as
first and second components for ease of description. The guide link
20 may be said to have a first attachment point 22 towards its
upper end and a second attachment point 24 at its lower end. The
guide link 20 is pivotally interconnected with the first pivot axis
18 of the frame 12 at its first attachment point 22. In the
illustrated embodiment, the guide link 20 further includes a hand
portion 26 extending upwardly from the first attachment point
22.
[0052] Each guide link 20 has a corresponding foot support link 28
pivotally connected thereto. In the illustrated embodiment, the
foot support link 28 has a forward end 30 pivotally interconnected
with the second attachment point 24 of the guide link 20. The foot
support link 28 further has a foot receiving area 32 defined at its
rearward end.
[0053] A crank system 34 is pivotally interconnected with the frame
12 such that the crank system 34 rotates about a second pivot axis
36 defined on the frame. In the illustrated embodiment, the crank
system is disposed adjacent the lower portion 16 of the frame 12
and on the forward portion of the frame. Referring to FIG. 2, a top
view of an embodiment of a crank system 34 for use with some
embodiments of the present invention is shown. The crank system 34
includes a first crank arm 38 and a second crank arm 40. As will be
described, the guide links and the foot support links are coupled
to the crank system 34 such that rotation of the crank system
causes the foot receiving areas 32 to move in a closed generally
elliptical path. A flywheel and/or load element 35 may be
interconnected with the crank system 34 for creating an exercise
load. Such a load element may take the form of an electrical or
frictional resistance device, or any other form. Alternatively, a
flywheel and/or load element may be integrated into the crank
system 34 or connected to the remainder of the device in other
ways.
[0054] Referring again to FIG. 1, the guide links 20 each include a
connecting portion 42 that extends forwardly from the main body of
the guide link just below the first attachment point 22. A third
attachment point 44 is defined on this connecting portion 42. An
intermediate link 46 has a lower, or first, end 48 connected to the
outer end of the crank arm 38 and an upper, or second, end 50
connected to the third attachment point 44 of the connecting
portion 42 of the guide link 20. As will be clear to those of skill
in the art, as the crank system 34 rotates about the second pivot
axis 36, the intermediate link 46 will cause the guide link 20 to
pivot about the first pivot axis 18 such that the foot support
links move in a path of travel having a substantially horizontal
component of motion. A second intermediate link 52 is also
illustrated, connected to the second crank arm 54. It causes
corresponding, but out of phase, motion of the other guide link.
The third attachment point 44 may be adjustable so as to change a
horizontal length of the elliptical path of the foot receiving
areas 32. In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of connecting
points 56 are provided on the connecting portion 42 and the third
attachment point may be defined at any of these locations.
[0055] The elliptical exercise device 10 further includes a first
and second mechanical coupling each coupling one of the foot
support links to the crank system such that rotation of the crank
system about the second pivot axis 36 moves the foot support links
28 in a path of travel having a substantially vertical component of
motion. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the mechanical coupling takes
the form of a flexible coupling 60 having a first end 62 coupled to
the first crank arm 38 and a second end 64 coupled to the foot
support link 28. The second end 64 may be coupled to the foot
support link 28 intermediate the forward and rearward ends. In the
illustrated embodiment, the second end 64 is coupled to the foot
support link close to the rearward end. The area between the
forward end and rearward end of the foot support link may be
considered a mid portion.
[0056] The flexible coupling 60 may be said to have a foot support
portion 66 that extends upwardly from the second end 64 to a
vertical control guide 68. In this embodiment, the vertical control
guide 68 takes the form of a pulley that is supported on the upper
portion 14 of the frame 12, near the rearward end of the upper
portion 14. The vertical control guide 68 is located rearwardly of
the first pivot axis 18 and the second pivot axis 36. As such, the
vertical control guide is located on the rearward portion of the
frame. As shown, the vertical control guide 68 is also above the
second pivot axis 36 and on a similar level to the first pivot axis
18. The flexible coupling 60 then extends forwardly from the
vertical control guide 68 to an upper pulley 70, then downwardly to
a forward pulley 72 and then rearwardly to where the first end 62
connects to the crank arm 38. As shown, the upper pulley 70 may be
on the upper portion and forward portion of the frame and the
forward pulley may be on the forward portion of the frame below the
upper pulley. In some embodiments, it is preferred that the
flexible coupling 60 extend forwardly from where it connects to the
crank system 34 so as to provide the desired motion profile. The
flexible coupling may be routed or arranged differently than
illustrated in alternative embodiments.
[0057] As shown in FIG. 1, the guide link 20 is generally parallel
to the foot support portion 66 of the flexible coupling 60.
Further, the distance between the first attachment point 22 (also
the first pivot axis) and second attachment point 24 of the guide
link 20 is similar to the the distance between the vertical control
guide 68 and the second end 64 of the coupling 60. The second end
64 may be said to be attached to the foot support link at a
coupling attachment point 64. This arrangement of pivots and
attachments generally forms a parallelogram configuration. This
configuration also exists in some other embodiments of the present
invention.
[0058] One or more intermediate pulleys may be provided in addition
to those that are illustrated, as desired to position the flexible
coupling. It addition, in accordance with a further aspect of the
present invention, provision may be made for changing the effective
length of the flexible coupling, or the mechanical coupling, in any
embodiment. This may be done to alter the motion profile of the
foot receiving area. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, an optional
retraction mechanism is shown at 80, which is operable to shorten
the effectively length of the flexible coupling 60. The retraction
mechanism 80 includes an intermediate pulley 82 engaging the
flexible coupling 60 between the vertical control guide 68 and the
upper pulley 70, though it may be located elsewhere. As will be
clear to those of skill in the art, by moving the intermediate
pulley 82 upwardly and downwardly, the effective length of the
flexible coupling is changed. As the intermediate pulley 82 is
moved downwardly, shortening the effective length, the foot support
link 28 attached thereto is moved upwardly. This results in a
modified motion profile, as shown at C. In the illustrated
embodiment, the intermediate pulley 82 is moved by an arm 84, which
is pivoted to the frame 12. The pulley may be supported in other
ways, such as on a member that slides upwardly and downwardly.
Movement of the pulley may be manual or powered. The retraction
mechanism may take other forms, such as providing for adjusting the
actual length of the flexible coupling. This may be accomplished by
having an upper and lower portion in the foot support portion 66
and changing where the lower portion attaches to the upper portion.
Alternatively, the attachment between the foot support portion 66
and the foot support link 28, shown at 64, may be made at different
positions along the length of the flexible coupling.
[0059] As will be clear to those of skill in the art, as the crank
system 34 rotates about the second pivot axis 36, the flexible
coupling 60 moves the foot support link 28 upwardly and downwardly,
specifically by pivoting the foot support link 28 about the
attachment point 24 of the guide link 20. Put another way, the
mechanical couplings each couple a respective one of the foot
support links to the cranks system such that rotation of the crank
system about the second pivot axis moves the foot support links in
a path of travel having a substantially vertical component of
motion. As the crank system 34 rotates about the second pivot axis
36, the flexible coupling 60 and the intermediate link 46 cooperate
to cause the foot receiving area 32 of the foot support link to
move along a closed generally elliptical path. This path may be
considered to be "fixed" in that the path may not be changed by the
user merely applying different forces to the foot receiving areas
32. Further, the horizontal and vertical components of motion are
coupled such that the user may not vary the stride and length or
switch between generally horizontal and vertical motions during
use. However, the profile of the fixed and closed generally
elliptical path may be changed by adjusting the exercise device in
various ways. For example, the horizontal length of the horizontal
component of travel and/or vertical height of the vertical
component of travel maybe adjustable in various ways. The
horizontal stride length may be adjusted by moving the third
attachment point 44 inwardly and outwardly, to one of the other
connecting points 56 on the connecting portion 42 of the guide link
20. Referring to FIG. 2, the crank arms 38 and 40 may be adjustable
in various ways. If the positions of the connections to the
flexible coupling and the intermediate links are both changed
relative to the second pivot axis 36, the horizontal and vertical
motions will both be changed. Alternatively, the system may allow
for adjustment of the position of the connection of the first end
62 of the flexible coupling 60 to the crank arm 38, thereby
allowing a change in the vertical height of the elliptical path.
Alternative connection points are shown at 57. As a further
alternative, the position where the second end 64 of the flexible
coupling 60 is connected to the foot support link may be moved
closer to or farther from the attachment 24. Alternative attachment
points are shown at 65. This will change the extent of vertical
movement of the foot receiving area 32. Changes to the third
attachment point 50, the attachment of second end 64, and/or to the
length of or connection to the crank arms may be made by manually
adjusting connection points or by various adjustment mechanisms,
either manual or powered. In FIG. 1, two exemplary motion paths are
indicated at A and B. Other paths may also be provided depending on
the configuration and relatively positions of components of the
device 10. The location of the vertical control guide 68 may also
be adjustable to change the characteristics of the exercise device.
Alternative connection points are shown at 69.
[0060] As mentioned above, the horizontal component of motion and
the vertical component of motion are out of phase with each other.
This means that when the horizontal component of motion of each
foot support link is at its forwardmost or rearwardmost limit, the
vertical component of motion of the same foot support link is
approximately midway between its uppermost and lowermost limit. It
is stated that the foot support link is "approximately midway" to
indicate that the vertical and horizontal motions do not have to be
exactly 90 degrees out of phase. The amount that they are out of
phase may vary from 90 degrees in either direction, though in most
embodiments it is close to 90 degrees. The out of phase movement is
determined by how the mechanical couplings and intermediate links
are coupled to the crank system. The mechanical couplings and
intermediate links maybe directly or indirectly coupled to the
crank system. In FIG. 1, the mechanical couplings and intermediate
links are both directly coupled to the crank system, by both being
directly connected to one of the crank arms 38 and 40.
Alternatively, one or both may be indirectly coupled, such as shown
in some of the later embodiments. In FIG. 1, the first end of each
mechanical coupling is connected to the same crank arm, at the same
position, as the first end of the corresponding intermediate link.
In this embodiment, the intermediate links extend generally
vertically and the portion of the mechanical coupling attached to
the crank system extends generally horizontally from the cranks
system. This portion extends forwardly from the crank system in
FIG. 1, but could extend rearwardly in other versions.
[0061] The relative phasing of the vertical and horizontal motions
may also be adjustable. As one example, FIG. 7 shows multiple
attachment points for the end 262 on the crank system. By attaching
the end 262 to a different position, the phasing may be adjusted
from 90 degrees or close to 90 degrees to more or less than this
figure, resulting in a change in the shape of the elliptical path.
The phase adjustment may be accomplished in other ways, including
through a power mechanism that allows adjustment during use.
[0062] As shown in FIG. 1, the foot support links 28 may extend
generally horizontally. The foot support portion 66 of the flexible
coupling 60 extends generally vertically upwardly when the foot
support links are midway through their horizontal travel, in the
position shown in FIG. 1.
[0063] An elliptical exercise device may exhibit a variety of paths
of foot motion, all of which may be considered to be "elliptical."
Some such elliptical paths are more desirable than others. For
example, some paths may be more comfortable or natural feeling to a
user. Additionally, the velocity and acceleration of the foot
receiving areas at various points along the path of motion will
depend on the configuration of the exercise device. Preferred
embodiments of the present invention provide a comfortable and
natural feeling elliptical path with velocity and acceleration
characteristics that provide for a comfortable user experience. In
some embodiments, it is preferred that the horizontal component of
motion of each foot support link has a higher acceleration when the
support link is moving through its forward end of travel than when
the foot support link is moving through its rearward end of
travel.
[0064] FIG. 3A provides a schematic of a crank-slider mechanism to
assist in explaining the motion characteristics of some embodiments
of the present invention. FIG. 3A shows a circle 80 representing
various rotational positions of an end of a crank arm on a crank
that rotates about an axis 82. Various rotational positions of the
crank are marked as 1-9, with each interval being separated by 22.5
degrees of rotation. A connecting arm 84 is shown connected to the
crank 80 at the number 5 position and extends downwardly and
forwardly to where it connects with a horizontal line 86. The
forward end of the connecting arm 84 may be considered a slider. A
crank-slider mechanism operates such that as the crank 80 rotates
about the axis 82, the slider, which is connected to the crank 80
by the connecting arm 84, slides back and forth along the line 86.
With the crank at position number 5, the connecting arm positions
the slider at position 5 on line 86. As the crank 80 rotates
clockwise, the slider will move to the right along line 86 until
the slider is positioned at position 9 when the crank reaches
position 9. As the crank continues to rotate, the slider will move
back to position 1 when the crank reaches position 1. The hash
marks between positions 1, 5, and 9 on the line 86 indicate the
intermediate positions corresponding the locations marked as 2, 3,
4, and 6, 7, 8.
[0065] As shown, the hash marks are not evenly spaced along the
line 86. Instead, the hash marks are closer to one another near
positions 1 and 9. If the crank 80 rotates at a constant speed, the
slider will travel at a higher rate of speed at locations where the
hash marks are far apart and at lower rates of speed where the hash
marks are closer to one another. As will be clear with reference to
FIG. 3A, the distance of travel along line 86 is not symmetrical
about position 5. Instead, the distance between position 5 and
position 9, indicated at 88, is longer than the distance between
position 1 and 5, as indicated at 90. As such, the speed of the
slider is greater between positions 5 and 9 than it is between
positions 1 and 5. A clear difference may also be seen in the
distance between the hash mark at location 9 and the next adjacent
hash mark versus the distance between the hash mark at position 1
and the next adjacent hash mark. The distance adjacent position 9,
indicated at 92, is significantly larger than the distance adjacent
position 1, indicated at 94. This means that the slider is moving
faster adjacent position 9 than when it is adjacent position 1. An
additional characteristic of the motion is that the slider changes
directions at positions 1 and 9. As such, the velocity of the
slider changes directions. Then, as the slider moves farther away
from location 1 or 9, the velocity increases. As such, the rate of
acceleration around positions 1 and 9 is greater than around
position 5. Because the velocity is greater near position 9, the
acceleration is also greater adjacent position 9 than adjacent
position 1.
[0066] Preferred embodiments of the present invention are arranged
such that the rate of acceleration of the foot receiving area is
higher when the foot support link is moving through its forward end
of travel than when the foot support link is moving through its
rearward end of travel. Referring again to FIG. 1, the crank system
34 acts like the crank of FIG. 3A while the upper end 50 of the
intermediate link 50 moves similarly to a slider. The motion in 50
is somewhat arcuate, but the characteristics of the motion are the
same as discussed for FIG. 3A. That is, when the crank arm 38 is
closest to the upper end of its travel, this corresponds to the
slider in FIG. 3A being at position 9. This also corresponds to the
guide link 20 being at its forward end of travel. As such, the rate
of acceleration of the foot receiving area 32, with respect to the
horizontal component of motion, is greatest when the foot receiving
area is moving through its forward end of travel.
[0067] Referring now to FIG. 3B, a schematic of a crank-slider
mechanism similar to FIG. 3A is provided. However, this mechanism
has a significantly longer connecting arm 96. The longer connecting
arm changes the characteristics of the slider travel. Specifically,
it reduces the differences between the travel between positions 1
and 5 and the travel between positions 5 and 9. The distance
between positions 5 and 9, indicated at 98, is still greater than
the distance between positions 1 and 5, indicated at 100. However,
the difference between these distances is less than the difference
between the distances 88 and 90. Likewise, the difference in
velocity, and therefore acceleration, adjacent positions 1 and 9 is
less than the configuration in FIG. 3A. The acceleration adjacent
position 9 is still greater than the acceleration adjacent position
1, but the differences are reduced. This acts to smooth out the
motion of the mechanism. Referring again to FIG. 1, some
embodiments are configured so as to maximize the length of the
intermediate links 46 and 52, giving a benefit similar to the
change between the crank-slider mechanisms of FIGS. 3A and 3B. This
positions the crank system 34 adjacent the lower end of the frame
12. In some versions, the length of the intermediate links 46 and
52 is at least 80% of the distance between the first attachment
point 22 and second attachment point 24 of the guide links 20. As
shown, the intermediate links are also generally vertical in this
embodiment.
[0068] Referring now to FIG. 4, a second embodiment of an
elliptical exercise device in accordance with the present invention
is shown at 110. The exercise device 110 shares some components and
characteristics with the exercise device 10 in FIG. 1. Only the
components that differ will be described. Unlike the device 10 in
FIG. 1, the elliptical exercise device 110 includes a mechanical
coupling 112 that includes a rocker arm 114 pivotally connected to
the frame 116 at pivot location 118. The rocker arm 114 has a
forward end 120 that is coupled to the crank system 122 by a
flexible element 124. A rearward end 126 of the rocker arm 114 is
coupled to the foot support link 128 by a foot support portion 130,
taking the form of another flexible element. As the crank system
122 rotates, the flexible element 124 causes the rocker arm 114 to
pivot about the pivot location 118, thereby causing the foot
support link 128 to move upwardly and downwardly. In this
embodiment, the rearward end 126 of the rocker arm 126 acts as a
vertical control guide. As with the embodiment of FIG. 1, the
mechanical coupling 112 and intermediate links may be directly or
indirectly coupled to the crank system.
[0069] Referring now to FIGS. 5 and 6, a third embodiment of an
elliptical exercise device in accordance with the present invention
is shown at 150. The exercise device 150 shares some components and
characteristics with the exercise device 10 in FIG. 1. Only the
components that differ will be described. Unlike the device 10 in
FIG. 1, the first end 162 of the flexible coupling 160 of the
device 150 is attached to the first intermediate link 146, rather
than being attached to the crank system 134. This is an example of
an indirect coupling of the end 162 to the crank system, since the
flexible coupling is coupled to the crank system by being connected
to the intermediate link 146, which is connected to the crank
system. The flexible coupling is coupled to the crank system
through the intermediate link. This approach may be beneficial in
some versions of the present invention, and provides a similar
motion profile to the earlier versions. The approximate path of
movement of the first end 162 is shown in dashed lines at 164.
Thought not shown, the first end of the other flexible coupling
would be attached to the second intermediate link 152. Alternative
attachment points 163 may be provided for adjusting the vertical
height of the vertical component of travel. Referring again to FIG.
4, an alternative attachment of the flexible coupling 124 to the
intermediate links is shown in phantom lines.
[0070] FIG. 6 provides a cross sectional view taken along lines 6-6
of FIG. 5, showing the connection between the flexible couplings
and the intermediate links.
[0071] Referring now to FIGS. 7 and 8, a fourth embodiment of an
elliptical exercise device in accordance with the present invention
is shown at 200. The exercise device 200 shares some components and
characteristics with the earlier embodiments. Only the components
that differ will be described. Unlike the device 10 in FIG. 1, the
crank system 234 of the device 200 has four connection points,
spaced 90 degrees apart, as shown. The first end 262 of the first
flexible coupling 260 is connected to one connection point and the
lower end of the first intermediate link is connected to a
connection point 90 degrees apart. The second flexible coupling and
second intermediate link are connected to the two other connection
points. In this embodiment, the flexible coupling may be said to
extend generally vertically downwardly from an upper pulley 264 to
the crank system. The intermediate links 266 and 268 may be said to
extend generally vertically. The intermediate links in FIG. 7 are
much shorter than the intermediate links in earlier embodiments.
Alternatively, the crank system 234 may be moved downwardly to
provide longer intermediate links, such as in FIG. 1. It should be
noted that mechanically equivalent components may be used in place
of any of the links and/or cables, in any embodiment, as will be
clear to those of skill in the art. FIG. 8 provides a cross
sectional view taken along lines 8-8 of FIG. 7.
[0072] Referring now to FIG. 9, there is shown a fifth embodiment
of an elliptical exercise device structured in accord with the
present invention. The exercise device 300 shares some components
and characteristics with the earlier embodiments. Only the
components that differ will be described. Unlike the device 10 in
FIG. 1, the device 300 has intermediate links 346 and 352 that
extend generally horizontally from the cranks system 334 to the
guide links 320. And, the flexible coupling 360 extends generally
vertically downwardly from the upper pulley 370 to the crank system
334. As shown, the flexible coupling 360 is directly connected to
the same crank arm as the corresponding intermediate link 346.
[0073] Referring now to FIG. 10, there is shown a sixth embodiment
of an elliptical exercise device structured in accord with the
present invention. The exercise device 400 shares some components
and characteristics with the earlier embodiments. Only the
components that differ will be described. Unlike the device 10 in
FIG. 1, the device 400 has intermediate links 446 that are
indirectly coupled to the crank system, through bell cranks. A
first bell crank is shown at 410. The intermediate link 446 is
connected to the guide link 420 at one end and the bell crank 410
at the other end. A coupling link 448 has one end connected to the
bell crank 410 and the other connected to the crank system. Bell
cranks or other indirect coupling approaches may be used in other
ways as well.
[0074] Referring now to FIG. 11, there is shown a portion of a
seventh embodiment of an elliptical exercise device structured in
accord with the present invention. The exercise device 500 is
illustrated without the frame, but it is understood that a frame
would be included. As with earlier embodiments, guide links 502 are
pivotally attached to a first pivot axis 504 of the frame and foot
support links 506 are attached to the lower ends of the guide links
502. A crank system 508 is mounted to the frame below and forward
of the pivot axis 504. Intermediate links 510 extend generally
vertically and interconnect the crank system with the guide links.
In this embodiment, the mechanical couplings between the crank
system and the foot support links includes rocker arms 512, which
are pivoted to the frame. The rocker arm pivot 513 may be on the
same axis as the first pivot axis 504 in some embodiments and may
be located elsewhere in other embodiments. In the illustrated
embodiment, the rocker arm pivot 513 is forward of and below the
first pivot axis 504. A foot support portion 514 extends between
each foot support link 506 and the respective rocker arm 512,
rearward of the first axis 504. The foot support portion may be a
cable or link. The rocker arms 512 are generally L-shaped with a
forward portion 516 that extends downwardly from the rocker arm
pivot 513 and first pivot axis 504 to a position near to and
forward of the crank system 508. Alternatively, the forward portion
could extend forward and then downwardly in front of the crank
system. The forward portions 516 are interconnected with the crank
system, such as by links 518 that extend generally horizontally.
Alternatively, the forward portions could engage the crank system
through a cam system or in other ways. The remainder of the device
may be constructed as shown or in accordance with any of the other
embodiments disclosed herein.
[0075] Referring now to FIG. 12, there is shown an eighth
embodiment of an elliptical exercise device structured in accord
with the present invention. The exercise device 600 is similar to
earlier embodiments, having guide links 602 pivotally attached to a
frame 604 at first pivot axis 606. In earlier embodiments, the foot
support links were pivoted to a lower end of the guide links, at a
fixed distance from the first pivot axis. In this embodiment, each
guide link 602 has a lower portion 608 that moves or telescopes
relative to the remainder, or upper portion, of the guide link.
This lower portion 608 defines the second attachment point of the
guide link 602 and the foot support link attaches to the second
attachment point on the lower portion 608 of the guide link 602. A
roller 610 is provided on the lower portion 608 or on the forward
end of the foot support link. The device 600 includes a ramp or
track 612 and the roller 610 engages the ramp or track. The
telescoping portion allows the mechanism to accommodate the
difference between a true arc and the surface of the ramp. In the
illustrated embodiment, the ramp or track 612 is straight and
inclined upwardly towards the front of the device. The ramp 612 may
be straight or curved and may be fixed or adjusted either manually
or by a powered mechanism. The angle and/or position may be
changed. As the roller 610 moves along the track, the effective
length of the guide link may be changed. The remainder of the
device 600 may be constructed as shown or in accordance with any of
the other embodiments disclosed herein.
[0076] Referring now to FIG. 13, there is shown a ninth embodiment
of an elliptical exercise device 700 structured in accord with the
present invention. This embodiment is similar to the eighth
embodiment in that rollers 710 engage a ramp 712. However, in this
version each guide link 702 includes a short link 708 defining a
lower portion, which is pivotally interconnected with the upper
portion. The short link 708 has an opposite end defining the second
attachment point of the guide link 702 and pivotally interconnected
with the foot link 714 between its forward and rearward ends. The
roller 710 is connected to the forward end of the foot support
link. The linkage allows the mechanism to accommodate the
difference between a true arc and the surface of the ramp. Again,
the ramp may be fixed or adjustable, either manually or by a
powered mechanism. The remainder of the device 700 may be
constructed as shown or in accordance with any of the other
embodiments disclosed herein.
[0077] The foregoing describes some particular embodiments of the
present invention. Other embodiments, modifications, and variations
thereof will be apparent to those of skill in the art in view of
the teaching presented herein. The foregoing is not meant to be a
limitation upon the practice of the present invention. For example,
any feature of any of the embodiments disclosed herein may be used
with any other feature or embodiment disclosed herein. It is the
following claims, which include all equivalents, which define the
scope of the invention.
* * * * *