U.S. patent application number 14/799981 was filed with the patent office on 2016-01-21 for bone positioning and cutting system and method.
The applicant listed for this patent is Treace Medical Concepts, Inc.. Invention is credited to Paul Dayton.
Application Number | 20160015426 14/799981 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 55073572 |
Filed Date | 2016-01-21 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160015426 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Dayton; Paul |
January 21, 2016 |
BONE POSITIONING AND CUTTING SYSTEM AND METHOD
Abstract
A bone positioning device can include a fixation pin for
attachment to a first bone and a fixation pin for attachment to a
second bone. A first block having an aperture can be included for
slidably receiving a fixation pin, and a second block having an
aperture can be included for slidably receiving a fixation pin. A
multi-axis joint can connect the first block and the second block,
where the multi-axis joint allows the first second blocks to move
with respect to each other about more than one axis.
Inventors: |
Dayton; Paul; (Fort Dodge,
IA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Treace Medical Concepts, Inc. |
Ponte Vedra Beach |
FL |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
55073572 |
Appl. No.: |
14/799981 |
Filed: |
July 15, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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62024546 |
Jul 15, 2014 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
606/57 ;
606/87 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B 17/66 20130101;
A61B 17/151 20130101; A61B 17/6416 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61B 17/64 20060101
A61B017/64; A61B 17/15 20060101 A61B017/15 |
Claims
1. A bone positioning device, comprising: a first fixation pin for
attachment to a first bone; a second fixation pin for attachment to
a second bone; a first block having a first aperture for slidably
receiving the first fixation pin; a second block having a second
aperture for slidably receiving the second fixation pin; and a
multi-axis joint connecting the first block and the second block,
the multi-axis joint allowing the first block and the second block
to move with respect to each other about more than one axis.
2. The bone positioning device of claim 1, wherein the multi-axis
joint further includes a link having a first end rotatably
connected to the first block and a second end rotatably connected
to the second block.
3. The bone positioning device of claim 2, wherein the first end
includes a first ball received within a first socket of the first
block, and the second end includes a second ball received within a
second socket of the second block.
4. The bone positioning device of claim 2, further including a
first end set screw extending through the first block and
positioned against the first end.
5. The bone positioning device of claim 2, further including a
second end set screw extending through the second block and
positioned against the second end.
6. The bone positioning device of claim 1, further including a
first set screw extending through the first block into the first
aperture and positioned against the first fixation pin, and a
second set screw extending through the second block into the second
aperture and positioned against the second fixation pin.
7. The bone positioning device of claim 6, wherein the first and
second set screws are positioned perpendicular to first and second
fixation pins, respectively.
8. The bone positioning device of claim 1, further including a
compression screw operable to exert a compression force between the
first and second fixation pins.
9. The bone positioning device of claim 8, wherein the compression
screw is positioned against one of the first or second fixation
pins.
10. The bone positioning device of claim 8, wherein the first or
second block has a first portion slidingly connected to second
portion, the first aperture extending through the first portion and
the second portion, the first aperture having a first
cross-sectional area in the first portion and a second
cross-sectional area in the second portion, the first
cross-sectional area being smaller than the second cross-sectional
area, and the compression screw extending through the second
portion.
11. The bone positioning device of claim 10, wherein the first or
second set screw extends through the first portion.
12. A method of fixing the orientation of a first bone with respect
to a second bone, comprising the steps of: attaching a first
fixation pin to a first bone; attaching a second fixation pin to a
second bone; inserting the first fixation pin within a first
aperture of a first block; inserting the second fixation pin within
a second aperture of a second block; positioning the first block
along and about the first fixation pin; actuating a first set screw
to fix a position of the first block along and about the first
fixation pin positioning the second block along and about the
second fixation pin; actuating a second set screw to fix a position
of the second block along and about the second fixation pin;
adjusting the position of the first block with respect to the
second block about at least a first axis and a second axis;
actuating a third set screw to fix a position about the first axis;
and actuating a fourth set screw to fix a position about the second
axis.
13. The method of claim 12, further including the step of actuating
a compression screw to apply a compression force between the first
and second bones and facilitate a desired alignment between first
and second bones.
14. The method of claim 12, further including the step of imaging
the first and second bones connected to the first and second
blocks.
15. The method of claim 12, further including the step of
positioning a cutting guide proximate a leading edge of the first
or second bone, and cutting the bone with a cutting tool guided by
the cutting guide.
16. The method of claim 15, further including the step of actuating
a compression screw to apply a compression force between the first
and second bones after the cutting step and facilitate a desired
alignment between first and second bones.
17. The method of claim 12, further including the step of removing
the first fixation pin from the first bone and the second fixation
pin from the second bone after attaching a bone connector to the
first and second bones.
18. The method of claim 12, wherein the first bone is a metatarsal
and the second bone is a cuneiform.
19. The method of claim 12, wherein the first bone is a first
portion of a metatarsal and the second bone is a second portion of
the metatarsal.
20. A bone cutting guide, comprising; a plate defining a plane; a
block having a guiding surface integral with or coupled to the
plate, the guiding surface being parallel to the plane and being
spaced laterally therefrom; and a handle extending from the
plate.
21. The bone cutting guide of claim 20, wherein the handle is
coupled to the block and extends therefrom at an angle of between
30 and 60 degrees with respect to the plane.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional
Application Ser. No. 62/024,546, filed Jul. 15, 2014, the contents
of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] This disclosure generally relates to devices and methods for
positioning and cutting bones.
BACKGROUND
[0003] In various surgical procedures, it can be necessary to cut
one or more bones. Success of such surgical procedures may often
times be a function of the accuracy of the cut(s) being made to the
one or more bones. Accomplishing accurate cuts can be especially
complicated where surgical procedures involve cutting one or more
bones that are relatively small as compared to bones in other
locations of a surgical patient's anatomy. Exemplary surgical
procedures involving cuts to one or more relatively small bones can
include surgical procedures involving a foot or hand. To help
facilitate accurate cuts to one or more bones, it may be useful to
position the one or more bones to be cut in a manner that is
conducive to a particular cut.
SUMMARY
[0004] One embodiment includes a bone positioning device. The
embodiment of the bone positioning device can include at least one
fixation pin for attachment to a first bone and at least one
fixation pin for attachment to a second bone. A first block having
at least one aperture can be included for slidably receiving a
fixation pin(s), and a second block having at least one aperture
can be included for slidably receiving a fixation pin(s). A
multi-axis joint can connect the first block and the second block,
where the multi-axis joint allows the first and second blocks to
move with respect to each other about more than one axis.
[0005] Another embodiment includes a method for fixing an
orientation of a first bone with respect to a second bone. The
embodiment of the method can include attaching at least one
fixation pin to a first bone and attaching at least one fixation
pin to a second bone. At least one fixation pin can be inserted
within a respective aperture of a first block, and at least one
fixation pin can be inserted within a respective aperture of a
second block. The first block can be positioned along and about the
fixation pin(s) and a set screw(s) can be actuated to fix a
position of the first block along and about the fixation pin(s),
and similarly the second block can be positioned along and about
the fixation pin(s) and a set screw(s) can be actuated to fix a
position of the second block along and about the fixation pin(s).
The position of the first block can be adjusted with respect to the
second block about at least a first axis and a second axis. A set
screw can be actuated to fix a position about the first axis, and a
set screw can be actuated to fix a position about the second
axis.
[0006] A further embodiment includes a bone cutting guide. The
embodiment of the bone cutting guide can include a plate defining a
plane, a block having a guiding surface integral with or coupled to
the plate, with the guiding surface being parallel to the plane and
being spaced laterally therefrom. A handle can also be included
extending from the plate.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0007] The following drawings are illustrative of particular
embodiments of the present invention and therefore do not limit the
scope of the invention. The drawings are not necessarily to scale
(unless so stated) and are intended for use in conjunction with the
explanations in the following detailed description. Embodiments of
the invention will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the
appended drawings, wherein like numerals denote like elements.
[0008] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bone positioning device
according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0009] FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the bone positioning device of
FIG. 1;
[0010] FIG. 3 is a side plan view of the bone positioning device of
FIG. 1;
[0011] FIG. 4 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the bone
positioning device of FIG. 1;
[0012] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a bone positioning device
attached to bones in a skewed position according to an embodiment
of the invention;
[0013] FIG. 6 is a top view of the bone positioning device of FIG.
5;
[0014] FIG. 7 is a side view of the bone positioning device of FIG.
5;
[0015] FIG. 8 is a side view of the bone positioning device of FIG.
5;
[0016] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a bone cutting guide
according to an embodiment of the invention;
[0017] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a bone cutting guide
according to an embodiment of the invention in contact with a saw
blade; and
[0018] FIG. 11 is a side plan view of the bone cutting guide and
saw blade of FIG. 10.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The following detailed description is exemplary in nature
and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or
configuration of the invention in any way. Rather, the following
description provides some practical illustrations for implementing
exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Examples of
constructions, materials, dimensions, and manufacturing processes
are provided for selected elements, and all other elements employ
that which is known to those of ordinary skill in the field of the
invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many of the
noted examples have a variety of suitable alternatives.
[0020] Embodiments of the invention include a bone positioning
device. Embodiments of the bone positioning device can be useful
for temporarily fixing bones in a desired position during a
surgical procedure, such as a bone alignment, osteotomy, and/or
fusion procedure. Such a procedure may be performed, for example,
on bones (e.g., adjacent bones separated by a joint or different
portions of a single bone) in the foot or hand. In one example, the
procedure can be performed to correct an alignment between a
metatarsal (e.g. a first metatarsal) and a cuneiform (e.g., a first
cuneiform), such as a bunion correction. An example of such a
procedure is a Lapidus procedure. In another example, the procedure
can be performed by modifying an alignment of a metatarsal (e.g. a
first metatarsal). An example of such a procedure is a Basilar
metatarsal osteotomy procedure.
[0021] As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the bone positioning device 10 can
include at least one fixation pin, such as a first fixation pin 20,
for attachment to a first bone 24. At least one fixation pin, such
as a second fixation pin 30, can be provided for attachment to a
second bone 34, such as an adjacent bone separated by a joint or
different portions of a single bone. As shown best in FIG. 4, a
first block 40 having a first aperture 50 can slidably receive the
first fixation pin 20, and a second block 60 having a second
aperture 70 can slidably receive the second fixation pin 30. The
first and second apertures 50, 70 can allow the first and second
blocks 40, 60 to slide along a longitudinal axis of the first and
second fixation pins 20, 30, respectively. The first and second
apertures 50, 70 can also allow the first and second blocks 40, 60
to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the first and second
fixation pins 20, 30, respectively. In some embodiments, each of
the first and second fixation pins 20, 30 are generally cylindrical
and have a distal portion and a proximal portion, with the distal
portion threaded for retention within the respective first or
second bone, while the proximal portion is unthreaded for both
sliding within the respective first or second aperture and free
rotational movement within the respective first or second aperture.
In some embodiments, the proximal portion has a uniform diameter,
such that it does not contain a flared or "head" portion. In such
embodiments, the first and second blocks can be positioned on the
first and second fixation pins before or after the pins are engaged
with bone.
[0022] Again as shown best in FIG. 4, a multi-axis joint 80 can be
provided to connect the first block 40 and the second block 60 and
located adjacent to a joint 84 between the first and second bones.
In some embodiments, the multi-axis joint 80 allows the first block
40 and the second block 60 to move with respect to each other about
more than one axis. In certain embodiments, the multi-axis joint 80
allows the first block 40 and the second block 60 to move with
respect to each other about the three cardinal planes (i.e., X, Y,
and Z axes). In the embodiment shown, the multi-axis joint 80
allows for angulation in all directions and rotation between the
first and second blocks. FIGS. 5-8 depict an exemplary embodiment
of the bone positioning device 10 attached to first and second
bones 24, 34, where the first and second bones are skewed relative
to each other. In this particular embodiment, a longitudinal axis
of second bone 34 is skewed about 15 degrees relative to a
longitudinal axis of first bone 24.
[0023] The multi-axis joint can include any suitable structure for
allowing desired adjustments about more than one axis, such as
desired adjustments about three axes. In some embodiments, with
reference to FIG. 4, the multi-axis joint 80 includes a link 90
having a first end 94 rotatably connected to the first block 40 and
a second end 98 rotatably connected to the second block 60. Such a
multi-axis joint allows for the movement about the various axes
discussed above at both the first end and the second end. In the
embodiment shown, the first end 94 includes a first ball received
within a first socket of the first block 40, and the second end 98
includes a second ball received within a second socket of the
second block 60.
[0024] Some embodiments of the device allow the relative positions
of the first and second bones to be fixed after a desired
orientation has been achieved. For example, a first set screw 100
can extend through the first block 40 into the first aperture 50
and be positioned against the first fixation pin 20, for fixation
of the first block on a longitudinal axis of the first fixation pin
and/or about the longitudinal axis of the first fixation pin.
Further, a second set screw 110 can extend through the second block
60 into the second aperture 70 and be positioned against the second
fixation pin 30, for fixation of the second block on a longitudinal
axis of the second fixation pin and/or about the longitudinal axis
of the second fixation pin. In certain embodiments, the first and
second set screws are positioned perpendicular to the first and
second fixation pins. As shown in FIGS. 1-3, additional set screws
120, 130 extending through the first and second blocks can be
positioned opposite of the first and second set screws,
respectively. Such oppositely positioned set screws may facilitate
use of the bone positioning device on a left foot or a right foot
depending on a particular surgical procedure.
[0025] Set screws can also be provided to fix positions across the
multi-axis joint. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a first end
set screw 140 extends through the first block 40 and is positioned
against the first end 94 of the link 90. Further, a second end set
screw 150 is shown extending through the second block 60 and
positioned against the second end 98 of the link 90.
[0026] The set screws can include any structure suitable to fix the
relative positions of the components described herein. In some
embodiments, the set screws have a threaded connection with the
blocks. Further, as shown, they can include a recess with a
non-circular surface. Such a recess is useful for engagement with a
driving tool, such as a hex-driver.
[0027] In some embodiments, the device can be used to apply a
compression force between two adjacent bones, or different portions
of a single bone, while the bones are held in desired alignment
and/or to facilitate a desired alignment between the bones. Such a
compression force is useful for certain surgical procedures, such
as bone fusions. As shown in FIG. 4, in some embodiments the device
10 includes a compression screw 160 operable to exert a compression
force between first and second bones 24, 34 connected to first and
second fixation pins 20, 30, respectively. In the embodiment shown,
the compression screw 160 is generally perpendicular to the
fixation pins and is threadingly received within a block and
positioned to act against one of the fixation pins.
[0028] One of the blocks can be adapted to allow for relative
movement to exert the compression force. In the embodiment shown in
FIG. 4, one of the blocks (e.g., the first block 40) has a first
portion 170 slidingly connected to second portion 180. An aperture
(e.g., the first aperture 50) extends through the first portion and
the second portion. In this embodiment, the first aperture has a
first cross-sectional area in the first portion and a second
cross-sectional area in the second portion, and the first
cross-sectional area is smaller than the second cross-sectional
area. The set screw 100 can extend through the first portion 170.
The compression screw 160 can extend through the second portion
180. Upon actuation, the compression screw 160 will act against the
fixation pin 20 and will pull the second portion 180 of the block
40 away from the fixation pin 20. The force will be transmitted
through the multi-axis joint 80 through the other block 60 and
fixation pin 30, thereby applying a compression force that tends to
press together leading surfaces (e.g., interfacing surfaces) of the
first and second bones 24, 34.
[0029] Some embodiments include a bone cutting guide. Such a guide
can be useful for guiding the cutting of bone, such as after a
position of the bone has been fixed by the device described above.
Bone cutting may be useful, for example, to facilitate contact
between leading edges of adjacent bones or different portions of a
single bone, such as in a bone alignment and/or fusion
procedure.
[0030] An embodiment of a bone cutting guide is shown in FIGS.
9-11. In the embodiment shown, the guide 200 includes a plate 210
that defines a plane, a block 230, and a handle 240 extending from
the block 230. As shown, the handle extends from the block 230 at
an angle of between 30 and 60 degrees (e.g., 45 degrees) with
respect to the plane. The plate 210 can include a top edge, a
bottom edge opposite of the top edge, and first and second opposite
side surfaces. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the block 230 can
include a surface 250 parallel to the plate 210 and offset from the
plate by a distance (e.g., 1-20 millimeters). As shown in FIGS. 10
and 11, a cutting tool 260, such as a saw blade, may be placed in
apposition to the surface 250 to guide cutting in a plane parallel
to the plate and offset from it by a distance (e.g., a distance the
surface 250 if offset from the plate 210).
[0031] In use, the bottom edge of the plate 210 can be placed such
that it extends into a joint space or resected portion between the
first bone 24 and a second bone 34. The surface 250 can provide a
cutting tool guide surface operable to guide a cutting tool to cut
a leading edge of a bone in a plane parallel to the plate 210.
[0032] Embodiments of the invention also include methods of
temporarily fixing the orientation of a first bone with respect to
a second bone, such as during a surgical procedure, using a bone
positioning device. In some embodiments, the method includes a step
of attaching a first fixation pin slidably and rotatingly received
within a first aperture of a first block to a first bone and
attaching a second fixation pin slidably and rotatingly received
within a second aperture of a second block to a second bone. The
method can also include the steps of positioning the first block
along the first fixation pin and actuating a first set screw to fix
a position of the first block along the first fixation pin
Likewise, the method can include the steps of positioning the
second block along the second fixation pin and actuating a second
set screw to fix a position of the second block along the second
fixation pin. In some embodiments, the method can include the steps
of adjusting the position of the first block with respect to the
second block about at least a first axis and a second axis and
actuating a third set screw to fix a position about the first axis
and actuating a fourth set screw to fix a position about the second
axis. In certain embodiments, the method can also include actuating
a compression screw to apply a compression force between the first
and second bones. It should be noted these steps need not be
performed in the order stated, which is merely exemplary. For
example, the second fixation pin may be attached to the second bone
before the first fixation pin is attached to the first bone, both
fixation pins may be attached before either block is adjusted or
fixed, etc.
[0033] The method may also include steps following the fixing of
the position of the bones. Some embodiments of the method also
include imaging (e.g., with an X-ray) the first and second bones
connected to the first and second blocks to confirm a desirable
alignment. Certain embodiments of the method include fusing the
first bone and the second bone, such as by attaching a bone
connector (e.g., a plate, pin, screw, wire, or staple) to stably
connect and fix the first bone and the second bone. Some
embodiments also include the step of removing the first fixation
pin from the first bone and the second fixation pin from the second
bone, such as at a time after the bones have been stabilized and
connected with a bone connector.
[0034] Some embodiments of the method also include cutting a
leading edge of the first or second bone using a cutting guide,
such as by positioning a cutting guide proximate the bone (e.g.,
within a joint between adjacent bones or a resected portion of a
single bone) and using the guide to cut a leading edge of the bone
in a plane. Such embodiments can also include the step of actuating
a compression screw to apply a compression force between the first
and second bones after the cutting step.
[0035] Thus, embodiments of the invention are disclosed. Although
the present invention has been described with reference to certain
disclosed embodiments, the disclosed embodiments are presented for
purposes of illustration and not limitation and other embodiments
of the invention are possible. One skilled in the art will
appreciate that various changes, adaptations, and modifications may
be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
* * * * *