U.S. patent application number 14/808340 was filed with the patent office on 2016-01-07 for anti-notch1 antibodies.
This patent application is currently assigned to WYETH LLC. The applicant listed for this patent is WYETH LLC. Invention is credited to Joel BARD, Yijie GAO, Kenneth G. GELES, Lioudmila Gennadievna TCHISTIAKOVA, Bin-Bing Stephen ZHOU.
Application Number | 20160002331 14/808340 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 45444674 |
Filed Date | 2016-01-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20160002331 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
GELES; Kenneth G. ; et
al. |
January 7, 2016 |
ANTI-NOTCH1 ANTIBODIES
Abstract
The present invention provides for antibodies that bind to
Notch1. The present disclosure also provides methods of making the
antibodies, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these antibodies
and methods of treating disorders with the antibodies and
pharmaceutical compositions.
Inventors: |
GELES; Kenneth G.; (Nyack,
NY) ; ZHOU; Bin-Bing Stephen; (Rohnert Park, CA)
; TCHISTIAKOVA; Lioudmila Gennadievna; (Stoneham, MA)
; GAO; Yijie; (Chestnut Hill, MA) ; BARD;
Joel; (Newton, MA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
WYETH LLC |
New York |
NY |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
WYETH LLC
New York
NY
|
Family ID: |
45444674 |
Appl. No.: |
14/808340 |
Filed: |
July 24, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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13994349 |
Jun 14, 2013 |
9127060 |
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PCT/IB2011/055595 |
Dec 9, 2011 |
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14808340 |
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61423578 |
Dec 15, 2010 |
|
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61552578 |
Oct 28, 2011 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
424/139.1 ;
435/320.1; 435/331; 435/69.6; 530/387.9; 536/23.53 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61P 35/00 20180101;
C07K 2317/73 20130101; A61K 2039/505 20130101; C07K 2317/92
20130101; C07K 2317/34 20130101; C07K 16/28 20130101; C07K 2317/94
20130101; C07K 2317/76 20130101; A61P 35/02 20180101 |
International
Class: |
C07K 16/28 20060101
C07K016/28 |
Claims
1. An antibody that binds to Notch1, comprising: a heavy chain
variable region having a CDR1 region, a CDR2 region, and a CDR3
region from the heavy chain variable region comprising SEQ ID NO:
71.
2. An antibody that binds to Notch1 comprising: a light chain
variable region having a CDR1 region, a CDR2 region, and a CDR3
region from the light chain variable region comprising SEQ ID NO:
97.
3. An antibody that binds to Notch1 comprising: a heavy chain
variable region having a CDR1 region, a CDR2 region, and a CDR3
region from the heavy chain variable region as shown in SEQ ID NO:
71, and a light chain variable region having a CDR1 region, a CDR2
region, and a CDR3 region from the light chain variable region as
shown in SEQ ID NO: 97.
4. The antibody according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising a
heavy chain variable region amino acid sequence that is at least
90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 71.
5. The antibody according to claim 4, comprising a heavy chain
variable region amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:
71.
6. The antibody according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising a
light chain variable region amino acid sequence that is at least
90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 97.
7. The antibody according to claim 6, comprising a light chain
variable region amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:
97.
8. The antibody according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising a
heavy chain amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to
SEQ ID NO: 111.
9. The antibody according to claim 8, comprising a heavy chain
amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 111.
10. The antibody according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising a
light chain amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to
SEQ ID NO: 113.
11. The antibody according to claim 10, comprising a light chain
amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 113.
12. An antibody that binds to Notch1, comprising: a heavy chain
variable region amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical
to SEQ ID NO: 71; and a light chain variable amino acid sequence
that is at least 90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 97.
13. An antibody that binds to Notch1, comprising: a heavy chain
variable region amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71;
and a light chain variable amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ
ID NO: 97.
14. An antibody that binds to Notch1, comprising: a heavy chain
amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to SEQ ID NO:
111; and a light chain amino acid sequence that is at least 90%
identical to SEQ ID NO: 113.
15. An antibody that binds to Notch1, comprising: a heavy chain
amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 111; and a light
chain amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 113.
16. An antibody that binds to Notch1 and competes for binding to
Notch1 with the antibody of claim 1, 2 or 3.
17. An antibody or antigen binding portion thereof, that binds to
Notch1, wherein the antibody binds an epitope comprising at least 7
amino acid residues selected from Asn 1461, Lys 1462, Val 1463, Cys
1464, Leu 1466, Leu 1580, Tyr 1621, Gly 1622, Met 1670, Asp 1671,
Val 1672, Arg 1673, Leu 1707, Ala 1708, Leu 1710, Leu 1711, Leu
1712, Leu 1713, Leu 1716 and Leu 1718.
18. The antibody according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein said
antibody is an IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, or IgM molecule, or is derived
therefrom.
19. The antibody according to claim 18, wherein the antibody is an
IgG, having a subclass selected from the group consisting of IgG1,
IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4, or is derived therefrom.
20. The antibody according to claim 19, wherein the subclass is
derived from IgG1.
21. A nucleic acid that encodes the antibody according to any one
of claims 1-20.
22. A nucleic acid comprising the sequence as set forth in SEQ ID
NO: 112.
23. A nucleic acid comprising the sequence as set forth in SEQ ID
NO: 114.
24. A vector comprising the nucleic acid according to any one of
claims 21-23.
25. A host cell comprising the vector of claim 24.
26. A process for producing an antibody, comprising cultivating the
host cell of claim 25 and recovering the antibody from the culture
media.
27. A host cell that recombinantly produces the antibody according
to any one of claims 1-20.
28. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody according
to any one of claims 1-20 and a pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier.
29. A method of treating a disorder in a subject in need thereof,
comprising administering to said subject the antibody according to
any one of claims 1-20, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim
28.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein said disorder is associated
with abnormal activation of Notch1.
31. The method of claim 29 or 30, wherein said disorder is selected
from the group consisting of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(T-ALL), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and breast cancer in a
subject in need thereof.
32. The antibody of any one of claims 1-20 for use in therapy.
33. The use of an antibody of any one of claims 1-20 for the
manufacture of a medicament.
34. The use according to claim 32 or 33, wherein said use is for
the treatment of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL),
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and breast cancer in a subject
in need thereof.
35. An antibody that binds to Notch1, comprising: a heavy chain
variable region amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 115;
and a light chain variable amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ
ID NO: 129.
36. An antibody that binds to Notch1, comprising: a heavy chain
amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 149; and a light
chain amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 151.
37. An antibody that binds to human Notch1, wherein the antibody
binds an epitope comprising at least 8 amino acid residues selected
from Asp 1458, Asn 1461, Val 1463, Cys 1464, Leu 1466, Leu 1580,
Met 1581, Pro 1582, Tyr 1621, Gly 1622, Arg 1623, Asp 1671, Val
1672, Arg 1673, Gly 1674, Leu 1710, Gly 1711, Ser 1712, Leu 1713,
Asn 1714, Ile 1715, Pro 1716 and Lys 1718.
38. An antibody that demonstrates higher inhibition of Notch1
activation of a mutant Notch1 receptor compared to inhibition of
Notch1 activation of a native Notch1 receptor.
39. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody according
to any one of claims 35-38 and a pharmaceutically acceptable
carrier.
40. A method of treating a disorder in a subject in need thereof,
comprising administering to said subject the antibody according to
any one of claims 35-38, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim
39.
41. The method of claim 40, wherein said disorder is associated
with abnormal activation of Notch1.
42. The method of claim 40 or 41, wherein said disorder is selected
from the group consisting of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(T-ALL), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and breast cancer in a
subject in need thereof.
43. The antibody of any one of claims 35-38 for use in therapy.
44. The use of an antibody of any one of claims 35-38 for the
manufacture of a medicament.
45. The use according to claim 43 or 44, wherein said use is for
the treatment of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL),
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and breast cancer in a subject
in need thereof.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 13/994,349, filed Jun. 14, 2013, which is a national stage
submission under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.371 from International Application
No. PCT/IB2011/055595, filed Dec. 9, 2011, which claims the benefit
of priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/552,578
filed Oct. 28, 2011 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.
61/423,578 filed Dec. 15, 2010, the disclosures of which are
incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING
[0002] This application contains a sequence listing filed
electronically via EFS-Web. The sequence listing is provided as a
.txt file entitled "PC71751A_SeqListing.txt" created on Jun. 14,
2013 and having a size of 112 KB. The sequence listing contained in
the .txt file is part of the specification and is incorporated
herein by reference in its entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0003] The present invention relates to anti-notch1 antibodies. The
present invention further relates to the methods of using such
antibodies in the treatment of cancer.
BACKGROUND
[0004] Notch receptors control normal cell growth, differentiation,
and death in multicellular organisms through a signaling pathway
that is triggered by ligand-induced proteolysis (Bray, Nat. Rev.
Mol. Cell Biol. 7(9):678-689, 2006). The mature Notch heterodimer
after furin-like protease cleavage at site S1 is held in an
auto-inhibited state by a juxtamembrane negative regulatory region
(NRR) consisting of three Lin12/Notch repeats (LNR-A, B, C) and the
heterodimerization (HD) domain. The HD domain is divided into
N-terminal (HD1) and C-terminal (HD2) halves by cleavage at site
S1. Through an uncertain mechanism, binding of ligands of the
Delta/Serrate/Lag-2 (DSL) family to the N-terminal, EGF-repeat
region relieves this inhibition and induces two successive
additional cleavages at S2 near the C-terminal region HD-2, and S3
within transmembrane domain in Notch that are catalyzed by
ADAM-type metalloproteinase and gamma-Secretase, respectively
(Gordon, W. R., et. al, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology,
2007, volume 14, 295-300). The latter cleavage releases the
intracellular domain of Notch (Notch.sup.ICD) permitting it to
translocate to the nucleus and activate the transcription of target
genes.
[0005] In mammalian cells, there are four known Notch receptors.
Notch1-4 have broad, overlapping patterns of expression in
embryonic and adult tissues, and fulfill non-redundant roles during
hematopoietic stem cell specification, T cell development,
intestinal crypt cell specification and vascular development.
Acquired abnormalities involving specific Notch1 receptors have
been implicated in cancers, such as T cell acute lymphoblastic
leukemia (T-ALL), breast cancer and lung cancer. In addition,
activated Notch1 is a potent inducer of leukemia in murine models
and is over-expressed in various solid tumors, including non-small
cell lung cancer, breast cancer and ovarian cancer.
[0006] Over 50% of T-ALL patients harbor mutations in the Notch1
receptor some of which result in constitutive cleavage of the
receptor and production of the Notch1.sup.ICD due in part to Notch1
ligand-hypersenstivity or ligand-independent activation caused by
alterations in or near the NRR auto-inhibitory domain. These
mutations are categorized into 3 major classes. Class 1 mutations
are single amino acid substitutions and small in-frame deletions or
insertions in HD1. Class 2 mutations are longer insertions in the
distal region of HD2 that relocate the S2-metalloprotease cleavage
site beyond the auto-inhibitory NRR domain. Class 3 mutations, also
called juxtamembrane expansion (JMEs) mutations, occur from large
insertions that displace the NRR away from the cell membrane.
[0007] Several strategies are in development to inhibit Notch
signaling for therapeutic purposes in cancer. One approach is to
block the proteolytic release of intracellular Notch from the
membrane by treatment with inhibitors of gamma-secretase (GSIs).
Although GSIs have progressed into the clinic, they cannot
distinguish individual Notch receptors and cause intestinal
toxicity attributed to the inhibition of both Notch1 and Notch2.
There is still a need in the art for novel anti-Notch1 therapies
for the treatment of cancer while providing reduced side effects,
in particular, intestinal toxicity.
SUMMARY
[0008] In one embodiment, the present invention provides for
antibodies that bind to Notch1, having a heavy chain variable
region having a CDR1 region, a CDR2 region, and a CDR3 region from
the heavy chain variable region comprising SEQ ID NO: 71.
[0009] In another embodiment, the present invention provides for
antibodies that bind to Notch1, having a light chain variable
region having a CDR1 region, a CDR2 region, and a CDR3 region from
the light chain variable region comprising SEQ ID NO: 97.
[0010] The present invention also provides for antibodies that bind
to Notch1 having 1) a heavy chain variable region having a CDR1
region, a CDR2 region, and a CDR3 region from the heavy chain
variable region comprising SEQ ID NO: 71, and 2) a light chain
variable region having a CDR1 region, a CDR2 region, and a CDR3
region from the light chain variable region comprising SEQ ID NO:
97.
[0011] Also provided are antibodies that bind to Notch1 having a
heavy chain variable region amino acid sequence that is at least
90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 71. Further provided are antibodies
that bind to Notch1 having a heavy chain variable region amino acid
sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71.
[0012] Also provided are antibodies that bind to Notch1 having a
light chain variable region amino acid sequence that is at least
90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 97. Further provided are antibodies
that bind to Notch1 having a light chain variable region amino acid
sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 97.
[0013] Also provided are antibodies that bind to Notch1 having a
heavy chain amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to
SEQ ID NO: 111. Further provided are antibodies that bind to Notch1
having a heavy chain amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:
111.
[0014] Also provided are antibodies having a light chain amino acid
sequence that is at least 90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 113. Further
provided are antibodies having a light chain amino acid sequence as
set forth in SEQ ID NO: 113.
[0015] In a further embodiment, the invention provides for
antibodies that bind to Notch1, having a heavy chain variable
region amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to SEQ ID
NO: 71; and a light chain variable amino acid sequence that is at
least 90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 97. Further provided are
antibodies that bind to Notch1 having a heavy chain variable region
amino acid sequence as forth in SEQ ID NO: 71; and a light chain
variable region amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:
97.
[0016] In a further embodiment, the invention provides for
antibodies that bind to Notch1, having a heavy chain amino acid
sequence that is at least 90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 111; and a
light chain amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to
SEQ ID NO: 113. Further provided are antibodies that bind to Notch1
having a heavy chain amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:
111, and a light chain amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID
NO: 113.
[0017] In a further embodiment, the invention provides for
antibodies, that bind to human Notch1, wherein the antibodies bind
an epitope having at least 8 amino acid residues selected from Asn
1461, Lys 1462, Val 1463, Cys 1464, Leu 1466, Leu 1580, Tyr 1621,
Gly 1622, Met 1670, Asp 1671, Val 1672, Arg 1673, Leu 1707, Ala
1708, Leu 1710, Gly 1711, Ser 1712, Leu 1713, Pro 1716 and Lys
1718.
[0018] In another embodiment, the present invention provides for
antibodies that bind to Notch1, having a heavy chain variable
region having a CDR1 region, a CDR2 region, and a CDR3 region from
the heavy chain variable region comprising SEQ ID NO: 115.
[0019] In another embodiment, the present invention provides for
antibodies that bind to Notch1, having a light chain variable
region having a CDR1 region, a CDR2 region, and a CDR3 region from
the light chain variable region comprising SEQ ID NO: 129.
[0020] The present invention also provides for antibodies that bind
to Notch1 having 1) a heavy chain variable region having a CDR1
region, a CDR2 region, and a CDR3 region from the heavy chain
variable region comprising SEQ ID NO: 115, and 2) a light chain
variable region having a CDR1 region, a CDR2 region, and a CDR3
region from the light chain variable region comprising SEQ ID NO:
129.
[0021] Also provided are antibodies that bind to Notch1 having a
heavy chain variable region amino acid sequence that is at least
90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 115. Further provided are antibodies
that bind to Notch1 having a heavy chain variable region amino acid
sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 115.
[0022] Also provided are antibodies that bind to Notch1 having a
light chain variable region amino acid sequence that is at least
90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 129. Further provided are antibodies
that bind to Notch1 having a light chain variable region amino acid
sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 129.
[0023] Also provided are antibodies that bind to Notch1 having a
heavy chain amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to
SEQ ID NO: 149. Further provided are antibodies that bind to Notch1
having a heavy chain amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:
149.
[0024] Also provided are antibodies having a light chain amino acid
sequence that is at least 90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 151. Further
provided are antibodies having a light chain amino acid sequence as
set forth in SEQ ID NO: 151.
[0025] In a further embodiment, the invention provides for
antibodies that bind to Notch1, having a heavy chain variable
region amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to SEQ ID
NO: 115; and a light chain variable amino acid sequence that is at
least 90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 129. Further provided are
antibodies that bind to Notch1 having a heavy chain variable region
amino acid sequence as forth in SEQ ID NO: 115; and a light chain
variable region amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:
129.
[0026] In a further embodiment, the invention provides for
antibodies that bind to Notch1, having a heavy chain amino acid
sequence that is at least 90% identical to SEQ ID NO: 149; and a
light chain amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to
SEQ ID NO: 151. Further provided are antibodies that bind to Notch1
having a heavy chain amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO:
149, and a light chain amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID
NO: 151.
[0027] In a further embodiment, the invention provides for
antibodies, that bind to human Notch1, wherein the antibodies bind
an epitope having at least 8 amino acid residues selected from Asp
1458, Asn 1461, Val 1463, Cys 1464, Leu 1466, Leu 1580, Met 1581,
Pro 1582, Tyr 1621, Gly 1622, Arg 1623, Asp 1671, Val 1672, Arg
1673, Gly 1674, Leu 1710, Gly 1711, Ser 1712, Leu 1713, Asn 1714,
Ile 1715, Pro 1716 and Lys 1718.
[0028] In another embodiment, the invention provides for antibodies
that demonstrate higher inhibition of Notch1 activation of a mutant
Notch1 receptor compared to inhibition of Notch1 activation of a
native Notch1 receptor. It is further provided that the mutant
Notch1 receptor has a mutation in the negative regulatory region
(NRR). In a further embodiment, the mutation in the NRR is selected
from the group consisting of a class 1, a class 2, and a class 3
mutation. In a further embodiment, the mutation in the NRR is
associated with cells having abnormal activation of Notch1. It is
further provided that the cells are T-cell acute lymphoblastic
leukemia (T-ALL) cells. It is also provided that the T-ALL cells
are selected from the group consisting of HPB-ALL, ALL-SIL,
CCRF-CEM, MOLT-4 and DND-41 cells.
[0029] Also provided are antibodies that bind to Notch1 and compete
for binding to Notch1 with any of the antibodies described
herein.
[0030] In a further embodiment, the invention provides for
antibodies that bind to Notch1 where the antibodies are of isotype
IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, or IgM. Further provided are antibodies that
bind to Notch1 where the isotype is IgG, and wherein the subclass
is IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 or IgG4, or is derived therefrom. Also provided
are antibodies that bind to Notch1 where the subclass is derived
from IgG1.
[0031] In a further embodiment, the invention provides nucleic
acids that encode any of the antibodies described herein, or that
encode any of the heavy chains and/or light chains of antibodies
described herein. For example, in one embodiment, the invention
provides nucleic acids having the sequence as set forth in SEQ ID
NO: 112. In a further embodiment, the invention provides nucleic
acids having the sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 114. In
another embodiment, the invention provides nucleic acids having the
sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 150. In a further embodiment,
the invention provides nucleic acids having the sequence as set
forth in SEQ ID NO: 152.
[0032] In a further embodiment, the invention provides for a vector
comprising any of the nucleic acids described herein. In a further
embodiment, the invention provides for host cells comprising any of
the vectors described herein. In a further embodiment, the
invention provides a process for producing any of the antibodies
described herein comprising cultivating any host cells described
herein and recovering the antibodies from the culture media. In a
further embodiment, the invention provides host cells that
recombinantly produce any of the antibodies described herein. In
one embodiment, any of the host cells described herein are
isolated.
[0033] In a further embodiment, the present invention provides
pharmaceutical compositions comprising any of the antibodies
described herein and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. In a
further embodiment, the invention provides methods of treating
disorders in subjects in need thereof, comprising administering to
the subjects any of the antibodies or pharmaceutical compositions
described herein. The invention further provides methods of
treating disorders that are associated with abnormal activation of
Notch1 in subjects in need thereof, comprising administering to the
subjects any of the antibodies or pharmaceutical compositions
described herein. In a further embodiment, the invention provides
methods of treating disorders, such as T-cell acute lymphoblastic
leukemia (T-ALL), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer
and colon cancer, in subjects in need thereof, comprising
administering to the subjects any of the antibodies or
pharmaceutical compositions described herein. The invention further
provides for a method of treating disorders in subjects in need
thereof, comprising administering to the subjects any of the
antibodies or pharmaceutical compositions described herein in
combination with one or more therapeutic agent.
[0034] In another embodiment, the invention provides for any of the
antibodies disclosed herein for use in therapy. In a further
embodiment, the invention provides the use of any of the antibodies
disclosed herein for the manufacture of medicaments for therapy. In
a further embodiment, the invention provides for any of the
antibodies disclosed herein for use in treating disorders that are
associated with abnormal activation of Notch1 in subjects in need
thereof. In a further embodiment, the invention provides for any of
the antibodies disclosed herein for use in treating disorders, such
as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), non-small cell lung
cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer and colon cancer, in subjects in need
thereof.
[0035] In a further embodiment, the invention provides for
antibodies that bind to human, mouse and cynomolgus (hereinafter
"cyno") Notch1, but do not bind to human Notch2. In another
embodiment, the invention provides for antibodies that bind to
human, mouse and cyno Notch1, but do not bind to human and mouse
Notch3.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0036] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of recombinant, S1-cleaved,
heterodimeric Notch1 NRR protein immunogen with Avi and His
tags.
[0037] FIG. 2 shows recombinant human Notch1 NRR and Notch3 NRR
domain swap chimeric constructs for epitope mapping of the
anti-Notch1 antibodies rat 351-mIgG1, rat 438-mIgG1 and A2.
[0038] FIG. 3 shows a structural view of the rat 438 epitope on the
human Notch1 NRR.
[0039] FIG. 4 shows a structural view of the rat 351 epitope on the
human Notch1 NRR.
[0040] FIG. 5 shows a structural view of the A2 epitope on the
human Notch1 NRR.
[0041] FIG. 6 shows the superposition of the structures of Notch1
NRR bound to rat 438 and A2 antibodies
[0042] FIG. 7 shows the superposition of the structures of Notch1
NRR (shown as ribbons) bound to rat 351 and A2 antibodies (shown as
molecular surfaces).
[0043] FIG. 8 shows the neutralizing activity of humanized 438
VH1.1/VL1.8, rat 438-mIgG1 and A2 antibodies against Notch1
dependent signaling in human Notch1 reporter cells.
[0044] FIG. 9 shows the neutralizing activity of humanized 438
VH1.1/VL1.8, rat 438-mIgG1 and A2 antibodies against Notch1
dependent signaling in mouse Notch1 reporter cells.
[0045] FIG. 10 shows the neutralizing activity of rat 351 and A2
antibodies against human Notch1 signaling.
[0046] FIG. 11 shows the neutralizing activity of rat 351 and A2
antibodies against mouse Notch1 signaling.
[0047] FIG. 12 shows the neutralizing activity of humanized 351
variants, rat 351-mIgG1 and A2 antibodies against Notch1 dependent
signaling in human Notch1 reporter cells.
[0048] FIG. 13 shows the neutralizing activity of humanized 351
variants, rat 351-mIgG1 and A2 antibodies against Notch1 dependent
signaling in mouse Notch1 reporter cells.
[0049] FIGS. 14A and 14B show structural views of the interaction
interface between rat 351 and Notch1 NRR in the LNR-A region.
[0050] FIG. 15 shows the neutralization activity of rat 351, mutant
rat 351 and A2 in co-culture reporter gene assays.
[0051] FIG. 16 shows representative epifluorescent images of
CD31-Cy3 immunostaining of HUVEC-sprouts at day 10 of treatment
with rat 438, rat 351 and A2, and control medium alone and
anti-VEGF antibody.
[0052] FIG. 17 shows representative confocal images of Isolectin
B4-ALEXA488 staining in a mouse retinal model of angiogenesis after
treatment with rat 438-mIgG1, rat 351-mIgG1 and A2 antibodies, and
controls anti-E. tenella antibody and no treatment.
[0053] FIG. 18 shows a Western blot analysis of protein extracts
generated from CCD1076SK human fibroblasts plated on recombinant
human DLL4 ligand and treated with increasing concentrations of rat
351, rat 438 and A2, and control anti-E. tenella antibody.
[0054] FIG. 19 shows a Western blot analysis of protein extracts
generated from HBP-ALL cells treated with increasing concentrations
of humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8, rat 438-mIgG1, and control anti-E.
tenella antibody.
[0055] FIG. 20 shows a Western blot analysis of protein extracts
generated from T-ALL cell lines treated with increasing
concentrations of rat 351-mIgG1, rat 438-mIgG1 and A2, and control
anti-E. tenella antibody.
[0056] FIG. 21 shows immunohistochemical detection of Notch1
receptors and Jagged1 ligand in the 37622A1 NSCLC patient derived
xenograft.
[0057] FIG. 22 shows a chromatogram indicating that the 37622A1
NSCLC patient derived xenograft possessed a G13V mutation in the
human K-ras gene.
[0058] FIG. 23 shows western blot analysis of protein extracts
generated from 37622A1 NSCLC patient derived xenografts treated
with rat 438-mIgG1, A2 and control anti-E. tenella antibodies.
[0059] FIG. 24 shows a Western blot analysis of protein extracts
generated in 87393A1 NSCLC patient derived xenografts treated with
rat 351-mIgG1 and control anti-E. tenella antibodies.
[0060] FIG. 25 shows immunohistochemical detection of involucrin
expression in 87393A1 NSCLC patient derived xenografts after
treatment with rat 351-mIgG1 and control anti-E. tenella
antibodies.
[0061] FIG. 26 shows a Western blot analysis of involucrin
expression in 87393A1 NSCLC patient derived xenografts after
treatment with rat 351-mIgG1 and control anti-E. tenella
antibodies.
[0062] FIG. 27 shows histochemical identification of secretory
goblet cells using Alcian Blue stain on the ileum section of mouse
intestines from Calu-6 efficacy study treated with rat 438-mIgG1,
A2, and control anti-E. tenella antibody.
[0063] FIG. 28 shows anti-Ki67 immunohistochemistry on mouse
intestinal crypts from Calu-6 efficacy study treated with rat
438-mIgG1, A2 and control anti-E. tenella antibody.
[0064] FIG. 29 shows anti-Ki67 immunohistochemistry on mouse
intestinal crypts from 87393A1 patient derived xenograft efficacy
study treated with rat 351-mIgG1 and control anti-E. tenella
antibodies.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0065] The present invention relates to isolated antibodies,
particularly human, humanized, chimeric and rat monoclonal
antibodies that bind to Notch1. Further, the present disclosure
provides for isolated antibodies that demonstrate higher inhibition
of Notch1 activation of a mutant Notch1 receptor compared to
inhibition of Notch1 activation of a native Notch1 receptor. The
disclosure provides for isolated antibodies and methods of making
such antibodies and pharmaceutical compositions containing the
antibodies. The present disclosure further relates to
immunoconjugates and bispecific molecules containing such
antibodies. The disclosure also relates to methods of using the
antibodies to inhibit Notch1 activation, and treat various diseases
related to abnormal cell growth, such as cancer (e.g. T-cell acute
lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),
colon cancer, breast cancer and ovarian cancer.
General Techniques
[0066] Unless otherwise indicated the methods and techniques of the
present invention are generally performed according to conventional
methods well known in the art and as described in various general
and more specific references that are cited and discussed
throughout the present specification unless otherwise indicated.
See, e.g., Sambrook et al. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual,
2d ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor,
N.Y. (1989) and Ausubel et al., Current Protocols in Molecular
Biology, Greene Publishing Associates (1992), and Harlow and Lane
Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1990), which are incorporated
herein by reference.
DEFINITIONS
[0067] "Notch1" or "Notch-1" refers to native, variants, isoforms
and species homologs of human Notch1 protein. Native human Notch1
protein, for example, is made up of a leader peptide, a large
epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeat region, three Lin12
repeats, a N terminal heterodimerization domain (HD-1), a C
terminal heterodimerization domain (HD-2), a transmembrane (TM)
sequence and an intracellular domain (Notch1.sup.ICD). The
NCBI/GenBank accession number of the full length human Notch1 is
NM.sub.--017617.2
[0068] "Notch1 negative regulatory region", or "Notch1 NRR" as used
herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to any native or
synthetic polypeptide region of Notch1 consisting of the three
Lin12 domains and the amino acid sequence or sequences located
between the three Lin12 domains, plus the HD1 and HD2 domains of
Notch1. In one embodiment, the "Notch1 NRR" includes the three
Lin12 domains and two heterodimerization domains HD-1, and HD-2,
wherein the HD-1 and HD-2 domains of Notch1 are covalently bonded
and not yet cleaved by the furin-like protease (before S1
cleavage). In another embodiment, the "Notch1 NRR" includes the
three Lin12 domains and the two heterodimerization domains HD-1,
and HD-2, wherein the HD-1 and HD-2 domains are non-covalently
bonded (after S1 cleavage). In one aspect of this embodiment, the
S2 site within the HD-2 domain has not been cleaved by the
ADAM-type metalloproteases. In another particular aspect of this
embodiment, the S2 site within the HD-2 domain is being cleaved or
has already been cleaved by the ADAM-type metalloproteases.
(Gordon, W. R., et. al, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology,
2007, volume 14, 295-300).
[0069] An "antibody" is an immunoglobulin molecule capable of
specific binding to a target, such as a carbohydrate,
polynucleotide, lipid, polypeptide, etc., through at least one
antigen recognition site, located in the variable region of the
immunoglobulin molecule. As used herein, the term encompasses not
only intact polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies, but also fragments
(e.g., antigen binding portions) thereof (such as Fab, Fab',
F(ab').sub.2, Fv), single chain (ScFv) and domain antibodies such
as shark and camelid antibodies), and fusion proteins comprising an
antibody portion (such as domain antibodies), and any other
modified configuration of the immunoglobulin molecule that
comprises an antigen recognition site. An antibody includes an
antibody of any class, such as IgG, IgA, or IgM (or sub-class
thereof), and the antibody need not be of any particular class.
Depending on the antibody amino acid sequence of the constant
domain of its heavy chains, immunoglobulins can be assigned to
different classes. There are five major classes (isotypes) of
immunoglobulins: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM, and several of these
may be further divided into subclasses, e.g., IgG1, IgG2, IgG3,
IgG4, IgA1 and IgA2. The heavy-chain constant domains that
correspond to the different classes of immunoglobulins are called
alpha, delta, epsilon, gamma, and mu, respectively. The subunit
structures and three-dimensional configurations of different
classes of immunoglobulins are well known.
[0070] An "isolated antibody", as used herein, is intended to refer
to an antibody that is substantially free of other antibodies
having different antigenic specificities (e.g., an isolated
antibody that specifically binds Notch1 is substantially free of
antibodies that specifically bind antigens other than Notch1). An
isolated antibody that specifically binds Notch1 may, however, have
cross-reactivity to other antigens, such as Notch-1 molecules from
other species. Moreover, an isolated antibody may be substantially
free of other cellular material and/or chemicals.
[0071] As used herein, "monoclonal antibody" refers to an antibody
obtained from a population of substantially homogeneous antibodies,
i.e., the individual antibodies comprising the population are
identical except for possible naturally-occurring mutations that
may be present in minor amounts. Monoclonal antibodies are highly
specific, being directed against a single antigenic site.
[0072] "Humanized" antibody refers to forms of non-human (e.g.
murine) antibodies that are chimeric immunoglobulins,
immunoglobulin chains, or fragments thereof (such as Fv, Fab, Fab',
F(ab').sub.2 or other antigen-binding subsequences of antibodies)
that contain minimal sequence derived from non-human
immunoglobulin. Preferably, humanized antibodies are human
immunoglobulins (recipient antibody) in which residues from a
complementary determining region (CDR) of the recipient are
replaced by residues from a CDR of a non-human species (donor
antibody) such as mouse, rat, or rabbit having the desired
specificity, affinity, and capacity. In some instances, Fv
framework region (FW) residues of the human immunoglobulin are
replaced by corresponding non-human residues. Furthermore, the
humanized antibody may comprise residues that are found neither in
the recipient antibody nor in the imported CDR or framework
sequences, but are included to further refine and optimize antibody
performance. In general, the humanized antibody will comprise
substantially all of at least one, and typically two, variable
domains, in which all or substantially all of the CDR regions
correspond to those of a non-human immunoglobulin and all or
substantially all of the FW regions are those of a human
immunoglobulin consensus sequence. The humanized antibody optimally
also will comprise at least a portion of an immunoglobulin constant
region or domain (Fc), typically that of a human immunoglobulin.
Other forms of humanized antibodies have one or more CDRs (L-CDR1,
L-CDR2, L-CDR3, H-CDR1, H-CDR2, or H-CDR3) which are altered with
respect to the original antibody, which are also termed one or more
CDRs "derived from" one or more CDRs from the original
antibody.
[0073] "Human antibody" or "fully human antibody" is intended to
include antibodies having variable regions in which both the
framework and CDR regions are derived from human germline
immunoglobulin sequences. Furthermore, if the antibody contains a
constant region, the constant region also is derived from human
germline immunoglobulin sequences. The human antibodies of the
disclosure may include amino acid residues not encoded by human
germline immunoglobulin sequences (e.g., mutations introduced by
random or site-specific mutagenesis in vitro or by somatic mutation
in vivo). This definition of a human antibody includes antibodies
comprising at least one human heavy chain polypeptide or at least
one human light chain polypeptide. Human antibodies can be produced
using various techniques known in the art.
[0074] The term "chimeric antibody" is intended to refer to
antibodies in which the variable region sequences are derived from
one species and the constant region sequences are derived from
another species, such as an antibody in which the variable region
sequences are derived from a mouse antibody and the constant region
sequences are derived from a human antibody.
[0075] The term "recombinant antibody", as used herein, includes
all antibodies that are prepared, expressed, created or isolated by
recombinant means. Such recombinant antibodies have variable
regions in which the framework and CDR regions are derived from
germline immunoglobulin sequences. In certain embodiments, however,
such recombinant antibodies can be subjected to in vitro
mutagenesis (or, when an animal transgenic for Ig sequences is
used, in vivo somatic mutagenesis) and thus the amino acid
sequences of the VH and VL regions of the recombinant antibodies
are sequences that, while derived from and related to germline VH
and VL sequences, may not naturally exist within the antibody
germline repertoire in vivo.
[0076] The phrases "an antibody recognizing an antigen" and "an
antibody specific for an antigen" are used interchangeably herein
with the term "an antibody which binds specifically to an
antigen."
[0077] As known in the art, the term "Fc region" is used to define
a C-terminal region of an immunoglobulin heavy chain (CH2+CH3). The
"Fc region" may be a native sequence Fc region or a variant Fc
region.
[0078] A "native sequence Fc region" comprises an amino acid
sequence identical to the amino acid sequence of an Fc region found
in nature. A "variant Fc region" comprises an amino acid sequence
which differs from that of a native sequence Fc region by virtue of
at least one amino acid modification, yet retains at least one
function of the native sequence Fc region.
[0079] The terms "Fc receptor" or "FcR" are used to describe a
receptor that binds to the Fc region of an antibody. For example,
the FcR can be a native sequence human FcR. Furthermore, the FcR
can be one that binds an IgG antibody (a gamma receptor) and
includes receptors of the Fc.gamma.RI, Fc.gamma.RII, Fc.gamma.RIII,
and Fc.gamma.RIV subclasses, including allelic variants and
alternatively spliced forms of these receptors. Fc.gamma.RII
receptors include Fc.gamma.RIIA (an "activating receptor") and
Fc.gamma.RIIB (an "inhibiting receptor"), which have similar amino
acid sequences that differ primarily in the cytoplasmic domains
thereof. Activating receptor Fc.gamma.RIIA contains an
immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) in its
cytoplasmic domain. As will be appreciated by those of skill in the
art, inhibiting receptor Fc.gamma.RIIB contains an immunoreceptor
tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM) in its cytoplasmic domain.
FcRs have been extensively reviewed and are well known to those of
skill in the art. Other FcRs, including those to be identified in
the future, are encompassed by the term "FcR" herein. The term also
includes the neonatal receptor, FcRn, which is responsible for the
transfer of maternal IgGs to the fetus, and the extended half life
of IgGs.
[0080] The term "binds" refers to an affinity between two
molecules, for example, an antigen and an antibody. An antibody
that "specifically binds to Notch1" refers to a preferential
binding of an antibody to Notch1 antigen in a sample comprising
multiple different antigens, with a difference in K.sub.D of at
least 100 fold or preferably 1,000 fold.
[0081] The term "high affinity" refers to an antibody having a
K.sub.D of 1.times.10.sup.-6 M or less, more preferably having a
K.sub.D of 1.times.10.sup.-8 M or less. Affinity can be measured
using, for example, surface Plasmon resonance.
[0082] "Epitope" includes any protein determinant capable of
specific binding to an immunoglobulin or T-cell receptor. Epitopic
determinants usually consist of chemically active surface groupings
of molecules such as amino acids or sugar side chains and usually
have specific three dimensional structural characteristics, as well
as specific charge characteristics.
[0083] The term "k.sub.on", as used herein, is intended to refer to
the on-rate, or association rate of a particular antibody-antigen
interaction, whereas the term "k.sub.off," as used herein, is
intended to refer to the off-rate, or dissociation rate of a
particular antibody-antigen interaction. The term "K.sub.D", as
used herein, is intended to refer to the equilibrium dissociation
constant, which is obtained from the ratio of k.sub.off to k.sub.on
(i.e., k.sub.off/k.sub.on) and is expressed as a molar
concentration (M). K.sub.D values for antibodies can be determined
using methods well established in the art. One method for
determining the K.sub.D of an antibody is by using surface plasmon
resonance, typically using a biosensor system such as a
Biacore.RTM. system.
[0084] The terms "polypeptide", "oligopeptide", "peptide" and
"protein" are used interchangeably herein to refer to chains of
amino acids of any length, preferably, relatively short (e.g.,
10-100 amino acids). The chain may be linear or branched, it may
comprise modified amino acids, and/or may be interrupted by
non-amino acids. It is understood that the polypeptides can occur
as single chains or associated chains.
[0085] As known in the art, "polynucleotide," or "nucleic acid," as
used interchangeably herein, refer to chains of nucleotides of any
length, and include DNA and RNA. The nucleotides can be
deoxyribonucleotides, ribonucleotides, modified nucleotides or
bases, and/or their analogs, or any substrate that can be
incorporated into a chain by DNA or RNA polymerase.
[0086] A "variable region" of an antibody refers to the variable
region of the antibody light chain or the variable region of the
antibody heavy chain, either alone or in combination. As known in
the art, the variable regions of the heavy and light chain each
consist of four framework regions (FW) connected by three
complementarity determining regions (CDRs) also known as
hypervariable regions. The CDRs in each chain are held together in
close proximity by the FWs and, with the CDRs from the other chain,
contribute to the formation of the antigen-binding site of
antibodies.
[0087] A "CDR" of a variable domain are amino acid residues within
the variable region that are identified in accordance with the
definitions of the Kabat, Chothia, the accumulation of both Kabat
and Chothia, AbM, contact, and/or conformational definitions or any
method of CDR determination well known in the art. Antibody CDRs
may be identified as the hypervariable regions originally defined
by Kabat et al. See, e.g., Kabat et al., 1992, Sequences of
Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th ed., Public Health Service,
NIH, Washington D.C. The positions of the CDRs may also be
identified as the structural loop originally described by Chothia
and others. See, e.g., Chothia et al., 1989, Nature 342:877-883.
Other approaches to CDR identification include the "AbM
definition," which is a compromise between Kabat and Chothia and is
derived using Oxford Molecular's AbM antibody modeling software
(now Accelrys.RTM.), or the "contact definition" of CDRs based on
observed antigen contacts, set forth in MacCallum et al., 1996, J.
Mol. Biol., 262:732-745. In another approach, referred to herein as
the "conformational definition" of CDRs, the positions of the CDRs
may be identified as the residues that make enthalpic contributions
to antigen binding. See, e.g., Makabe et al., 2008, Journal of
Biological Chemistry, 283:1156-1166. Still other CDR boundary
definitions may not strictly follow one of the above approaches,
but will nonetheless overlap with at least a portion of the Kabat
CDRs, although they may be shortened or lengthened in light of
prediction or experimental findings that particular residues or
groups of residues or even entire CDRs do not significantly impact
antigen binding. As used herein, a CDR may refer to CDRs defined by
any approach known in the art, including combinations of
approaches. The methods used herein may utilize CDRs defined
according to any of these approaches. For any given embodiment
containing more than one CDR, the CDRs may be defined in accordance
with any of Kabat, Chothia, extended, AbM, contact, and/or
conformational definitions.
[0088] A "constant region" of an antibody refers to the constant
region of the antibody light chain or the constant region of the
antibody heavy chain, either alone or in combination.
[0089] A "host cell" includes an individual cell or cell culture
that can be or has been a recipient for vector(s) for incorporation
of polynucleotide inserts. Host cells include progeny of a single
host cell, and the progeny may not necessarily be completely
identical (in morphology or in genomic DNA complement) to the
original parent cell due to natural, accidental, or deliberate
mutation. A host cell includes cells transfected in vivo with a
polynucleotide(s) of the present disclosure.
[0090] As used herein, "vector" means a construct, which is capable
of delivering, and, preferably, expressing, one or more gene(s) or
sequence(s) of interest in a host cell. Examples of vectors
include, but are not limited to, viral vectors, naked DNA or RNA
expression vectors, plasmid, cosmid or phage vectors, DNA or RNA
expression vectors associated with cationic condensing agents, DNA
or RNA expression vectors encapsulated in liposomes, and certain
eukaryotic cells, such as producer cells.
[0091] As used herein, "expression control sequence" means a
nucleic acid sequence that directs transcription of a nucleic acid.
An expression control sequence can be a promoter, such as a
constitutive or an inducible promoter, or an enhancer. The
expression control sequence is operably linked to the nucleic acid
sequence to be transcribed.
[0092] As used herein, "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" or
"pharmaceutical acceptable excipient" includes any material which,
when combined with an active ingredient, allows the ingredient to
retain biological activity and is non-reactive with the subject's
immune system. Examples include, but are not limited to, any of the
standard pharmaceutical carriers such as a phosphate buffered
saline solution, water, emulsions such as oil/water emulsion, and
various types of wetting agents. Preferred diluents for aerosol or
parenteral administration are phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or
normal (0.9%) saline. Compositions comprising such carriers are
formulated by well known conventional methods.
[0093] An "individual" or a "subject" is a mammal, more preferably,
a human. Mammals also include, but are not limited to, farm
animals, sport animals, pets, primates, horses, dogs, cats, mice
and rats.
[0094] An "isolated protein", "isolated polypeptide" or "isolated
antibody" is a protein, polypeptide or antibody that by virtue of
its origin or source of derivation (1) is not associated with
naturally associated components that accompany it in its native
state, (2) is free of other proteins from the same species, (3) is
expressed by a cell from a different species, or (4) does not occur
in nature. Thus, a polypeptide that is chemically synthesized or
synthesized in a cellular system different from the cell from which
it naturally originates will be "isolated" from its naturally
associated components. A protein may also be rendered substantially
free of naturally associated components by isolation, using protein
purification techniques well known in the art.
Notch1 Receptor
[0095] Human Notch1 cDNA encodes a protein of 2556 amino acid
residues consisting of a leader peptide, 36 EGF-like repeats,
negative regulatory region (NRR), a transmembrane (TM) sequence and
an intracellular domain (Notch1.sup.ICD).
Anti-Notch1 Antibodies that Bind to the NRR
[0096] It is within the contemplation of the current disclosure
that antibodies that bind to the Notch1 domain with a high affinity
may reduce Notch1 signal transduction, and therefore may
demonstrate biological activity in vitro and in vivo to inhibit
cancer cell growth, in particular, T-cell acute lymphoblastic
leukemia (T-ALL), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast
cancer, colon cancer and ovarian cancer. Such antibodies may be
produced following general methods known to those of ordinary skill
in the art. In one embodiment, such antibodies can be produced
through immunization of a rat with an immunogen followed by
hybridoma cloning of the antibodies thus generated and assaying the
cloned antibodies by a variety of assays. For example, solid-phase
ELISA immunoassay, immunoprecipitation, Biacore.RTM., FACS, and
Western blot analysis are among many assays that may be used to
identify an antibody that specifically reacts with Notch1. The
Notch1 binding affinity of the antibodies selected according to the
ELISA assay can be measured on a surface plasma resonance
Biacore.RTM. instrument.
[0097] The anti-Notch1 antibodies of the current disclosure can be
produced by any other methods known in the art other than described
in the above paragraph. The route and schedule of immunization of
the host animal are generally in keeping with established and
conventional techniques for antibody stimulation and production, as
further described herein. General techniques for production of
human and mouse antibodies are known in the art and/or are
described herein.
Anti-Notch1 Antibodies Generated by Hybridoma Technologies.
[0098] It is within the contemplation of the current disclosure
that any mammalian subject including humans or antibody producing
cells therefrom can be manipulated to serve as the basis for
production of mammalian, including human, hybridoma cell lines.
Typically, the host animal is inoculated intraperitoneally,
intramuscularly, orally, subcutaneously, intraplantar, and/or
intradermally with an amount of immunogen, including as described
herein.
[0099] Hybridomas can be prepared from the lymphocytes and
immortalized myeloma cells using the general somatic cell
hybridization technique of Kohler, B. and Milstein, C. (1975)
Nature 256:495-497 or as modified by Buck, D. W., et al., In Vitro,
18:377-381 (1982). Hybridomas that may be used as a source of
antibodies encompass all derivatives, progeny cells of the parent
hybridomas that produce monoclonal antibodies specific for Notch1,
or a portion thereof.
[0100] Hybridomas that produce such antibodies may be grown in
vitro or in vivo using known procedures. The monoclonal antibodies
may be isolated from the culture media or body fluids, by
conventional immunoglobulin purification procedures.
Humanization of Anti-Notch1 Antibodies Generated by Immunization in
a Host Animal.
[0101] It is within the contemplation of the current disclosure
that anti Notch1 antibodies of the disclosure, wherein the
antibodies are generated by immunization in a host animal can be
manipulated in many ways to improve their biological activity and
pharmaceutical properties. One way of such manipulation is
humanization.
[0102] Methods of humanizing antibodies are well known to those of
ordinary skill in the art. In general, there are four basic steps
to humanize a monoclonal antibody. These are: (1) determining the
nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence of the starting
antibody light and heavy variable domains (2) designing the
humanized antibody, i.e., deciding which antibody framework region
to use during the humanizing process (3) the actual humanizing
methodologies/techniques and (4) the transfection and expression of
the humanized antibody.
[0103] A number of "humanized" antibody molecules comprising an
antigen-binding site derived from a non-human immunoglobulin have
been described in the literature, including chimeric antibodies
having rodent or modified rodent V regions and their associated
CDRs fused to human constant domains; rodent CDRs grafted into a
human supporting framework region (FR) prior to fusion with an
appropriate human antibody constant domain; and rodent CDRs
supported by recombinantly engineered rodent framework regions.
Such "humanized" molecules are designed to minimize unwanted
immunological response toward rodent anti-human antibody molecules
which limits the duration and effectiveness of therapeutic
applications of those moieties in human recipients.
Human Anti-Notch1 Antibodies
[0104] It is within the contemplation of the current disclosure
that fully human anti-Notch1 antibodies may be obtained by using
commercially available mice that have been engineered to express
specific human immunoglobulin proteins. Transgenic animals that are
designed to produce a more desirable (e.g., fully human antibody)
or more robust immune response may also be used for generation of
humanized or human antibodies. Examples of such technologies are
Xenomouse.TM. from Abgenix, Inc. (Fremont, Calif.) and
HuMAb-Mouse.RTM. and TC Mouse.TM. from Medarex, Inc. (Princeton,
N.J.).
[0105] It is also within the contemplation of the current
disclosure that fully human anti-Notch1 antibodies may be obtained
recombinantly following general methods of phage display
technology, as will be readily apparent to those of skill in the
art. Alternatively, the phage display technology can be used to
produce human antibodies and antibody fragments in vitro, from
immunoglobulin variable (V) domain gene repertoires from
unimmunized donors.
[0106] Gene shuffling can also be used to derive human antibodies
from rodent antibodies, where the human antibody has similar
affinities and specificities to the starting rodent antibody.
Although the above discussion pertains to humanized and human
antibodies, the general principles discussed are applicable to
customizing antibodies for use, for example, in dogs, cats,
primate, equines and bovines. One or more aspects of humanizing an
antibody described herein may be combined, e.g., CDR grafting,
framework mutation and CDR mutation.
Engineered and Modified Anti-Notch1 Antibodies Made
Recombinantly
[0107] In general, antibodies may be made recombinantly by placing
the DNA sequences of the desired antibody into expression vectors
followed by transfection and expression in host cells, including
but not limited to E. coli cells, simian COS cells, Chinese hamster
ovary (CHO) cells, or myeloma cells that do not otherwise produce
immunoglobulin protein. Other host cells, such as transgenic plant
cells or transgenic milk cells may also be used.
[0108] An antibody may also be modified recombinantly. For example,
the DNA of the human heavy and light chain constant regions may be
used in place of the homologous murine sequences of the murine
antibody DNA, or by covalently joining to the immunoglobulin coding
sequence all or part of the coding sequence for a
non-immunoglobulin polypeptide. In similar manner, "chimeric" or
"hybrid" antibodies can be prepared that have the binding
specificity of an anti-Notch1 monoclonal antibody herein.
[0109] Antibody variable regions can also be modified by CDR
grafting. Because CDR sequences are predominantly responsible for
most antibody-antigen interactions, it is possible to express
recombinant antibodies that mimic the properties of specific
naturally occurring antibodies by constructing expression vectors
that include CDR sequences from the specific naturally occurring
antibody grafted onto framework sequences from a different antibody
with different properties.
[0110] Accordingly, another aspect of the disclosure pertains to an
isolated monoclonal antibody, comprising a heavy chain variable
region comprising CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3 sequences as described
herein, and a light chain variable region comprising CDR1, CDR2,
and CDR3 sequences as described herein. Thus, such antibodies
contain the VH and VL CDR sequences of the monoclonal antibodies
described herein, yet may contain different framework sequences
from these antibodies. Such framework sequences can be obtained
from public DNA databases or published references that include
germline antibody gene sequences.
[0111] Another type of variable region modification is to mutate
amino acid residues within the VH and/or VL CDR1, CDR2 and/or CDR3
regions to thereby improve one or more binding properties (e.g.,
affinity) of the antibody of interest. Site-directed mutagenesis or
PCR-mediated mutagenesis can be performed to introduce the
mutation(s) and the effect on antibody binding, or other functional
property of interest, can be evaluated using in vitro or in vivo
assays as described herein. Typically, conservative modifications
(as discussed below) are introduced. The mutations may be amino
acid substitutions, additions or deletions. Moreover, typically no
more than one, two, three, four or five residues within a CDR
region are modified.
Epitope Mapping
[0112] The binding epitopes of monoclonal antibodies on an antigen
may be mapped by a number of methods depending on the type of
antigen-antibody interactions.
[0113] If an antibody binds to a single epitope consisting of
sequential amino acid residues in an antigen, whose binding usually
is not affected by antigen conformational changes, the binding
epitope is called a linear epitope. Determining the amino acid
sequence of a linear epitope can be accomplished by utilizing
techniques well known in the art. A non-linear epitope which is
constituted by several sequentially discontinuous segments or
noncontiguous residues that are brought together by the folding of
the antigen to its native structure is known as a conformational
epitope.
[0114] Mapping of conformational epitopes depends on the
interaction of antibody to antigen in its native conformation. A
number of techniques well known in the art are useful in
determining conformational epitopes. For example, co-crystalization
of antigen-antibody complex, X-ray diffraction and structural
analysis gives direction visualization of antigen-antibody
interaction. When combined with amino acid mutagenesis, the
technologies can provide powerful evidence and a vivid picture for
antibody binding epitopes. The epitope or the set of epitopes that
each of the anit-Notch1 antibodies bind to may be determined
according to the above mapping methods or others generally known in
the art.
Conservative Substitutions
[0115] An antibody may also be modified recombinantly by
conservative substitution of one or more of the amino acid residues
of the antibody or by one or more deletions or additions of amino
acids to that of the antibody. Amino acid sequence insertions
include amino- and/or carboxyl-terminal fusions ranging in length
from one residue to polypeptides containing a hundred or more
residues, as well as intrasequence insertions of single or multiple
amino acid residues. Examples of terminal insertions include an
antibody with an N-terminal methionyl residue or the antibody fused
to an epitope tag. Other insertional variants of the antibody
molecule include the fusion to the N- or C-terminus of the antibody
of an enzyme or a polypeptide which increases the half-life of the
antibody in the blood circulation.
[0116] Substitution variants have at least one amino acid residue
in the antibody molecule removed and a different residue inserted
in its place. The sites of greatest interest for substitutional
mutagenesis include the hypervariable regions, but FR alterations
are also contemplated.
Affinity Matured Anti-Notch1 Antibodies
[0117] The disclosure includes affinity matured embodiments. For
example, affinity matured antibodies can be produced by procedures
known in the art (such as Marks et al. (1992) Bio/Technology,
10:779-783; Barbas et al. (1994) Proc Nat. Acad. Sci, USA
91:3809-3813; Schier et al. (1995) Gene, 169:147-155; Yelton et al.
(1995) J. Immunol., 155:1994-2004; Jackson et al. (1995) J.
Immunol., 154(7):3310-9; Hawkins et al. (1992) J. Mol. Biol.,
226:889-896; and PCT Publication No. WO2004/058184). Such methods
may be used for adjusting the affinity of an antibody and for
characterizing a CDR.
Post Translational Modification of Anti-Notch1 Antibodies
[0118] Antibodies can also be modified by post translational
modifications, including, but not limited to glycosylation with
different sugars, acetylation, and phosphorylation by techniques
are well known in the art.
[0119] Other methods of post translational modification include
using coupling techniques known in the art, including, but not
limited to, enzymatic means, oxidative substitution and chelation.
Modifications can be used, for example, for attachment of labels
for immunoassay.
Anti-Notch1 Antibodies with Modified Constant Region
[0120] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the antibody
comprises a modified constant region, such as a constant region
that is immunologically inert or partially inert, e.g., does not
trigger complement mediated lysis, does not stimulate
antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or does not
activate microglia; or have reduced activities (compared to the
unmodified antibody) in any one or more of the following:
triggering complement mediated lysis, stimulating
antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or activating
microglia. Different modifications of the constant region may be
used to achieve optimal level and/or combination of effector
functions. See, for example, Morgan et al., Immunology 86:319-324
(1995); Lund et al., J. Immunology 157:4963-9 157:4963-4969 (1996);
Idusogie et al., J. Immunology 164:4178-4184 (2000); Tao et al., J.
Immunology 143: 2595-2601 (1989); and Jefferis et al.,
Immunological Reviews 163:59-76 (1998).
[0121] In some embodiments, the antibody comprises a human heavy
chain IgG1 constant region comprising the following mutations:
L234A/L235A/G237A in the lower hinge region resulting in
substantially reduced ADCC and CDC activities. See for example
US20090155256.
[0122] Modifications within the Fc region can typically be used to
alter one or more functional properties of the antibody, such as
serum half-life, complement fixation, Fc receptor binding, and/or
antigen-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Furthermore, an antibody
of the disclosure may be chemically modified (e.g., one or more
chemical moieties can be attached to the antibody) or be modified
to alter its glycosylation pattern, again to alter one or more
functional properties of the antibody.
[0123] Another modification of the antibodies herein that is
contemplated by the disclosure is pegylation. An antibody can be
pegylated to, for example, increase the biological (e.g., serum)
half life of the antibody. To pegylate an antibody, the antibody,
or fragment thereof, typically is reacted with polyethylene glycol
(PEG), such as a reactive ester or aldehyde derivative of PEG,
under conditions in which one or more PEG groups become attached to
the antibody or antibody fragment. Typically, the pegylation is
carried out via an acylation reaction or an alkylation reaction
with a reactive PEG molecule (or an analogous reactive
water-soluble polymer). As used herein, the term "polyethylene
glycol" is intended to encompass any of the forms of PEG that have
been used to derivatize other proteins, such as mono (C1 to C10)
alkoxy- or aryloxy-polyethylene glycol or polyethylene
glycol-maleimide. In certain cases, the antibody to be pegylated is
an aglycosylated antibody. Methods for pegylating proteins are
known in the art and can be applied to the antibodies of the
present disclosure.
Fusion Protein
[0124] The disclosure also encompasses fusion proteins comprising
one or more fragments or regions from the antibodies or
polypeptides of this disclosure. In one embodiment, a fusion
polypeptide is provided that comprises at least 10 contiguous amino
acids of the variable light chain region and/or at least 10 amino
acids of the variable heavy chain region of the antibodies of the
current disclosure. In other embodiments, a fusion polypeptide is
provided that comprises at least about 10, at least about 15, at
least about 20, at least about 25, or at least about 30 contiguous
amino acids of the variable light chain region and/or at least
about 10, at least about 15, at least about 20, at least about 25,
or at least about 30 contiguous amino acids of the variable heavy
chain region. In another embodiment, the fusion polypeptide
comprises a light chain variable region and/or a heavy chain
variable region, of the antibodies of the current disclosure. In
another embodiment, the fusion polypeptide comprises one or more
CDR(s) of the antibodies of the current disclosure. For purposes of
this disclosure, a fusion protein contains one or more antibodies
and another amino acid sequence to which it is not attached in the
native molecule, for example, a heterologous sequence or a
homologous sequence from another region. Exemplary heterologous
sequences include, but are not limited to a "tag" such as a FLAG
tag or a 6His tag.
[0125] A fusion polypeptide can be created by methods known in the
art, for example, synthetically or recombinantly.
Bispecific Molecules
[0126] An antibody of the disclosure, or antigen-binding portions
thereof, can be derivatized or linked to another functional
molecule, e.g., another peptide or protein (e.g., another antibody
or ligand for a receptor) to generate a bispecific molecule that
binds to at least two different binding sites or target molecules.
The antibody of the disclosure may in fact be derivatized or linked
to more than one other functional molecule to generate
multispecific molecules that bind to more than two different
binding sites and/or target molecules; such multispecific molecules
are also intended to be encompassed by the term "bispecific
molecule" as used herein. To create a bispecific molecule of the
disclosure, an antibody of the disclosure can be functionally
linked (e.g., by chemical coupling, genetic fusion, noncovalent
association or otherwise) to one or more other binding molecules,
such as another antibody, antibody fragment, peptide or binding
mimetic, such that a bispecific molecule results.
Single-Chain Antibodies
[0127] An antibody of the disclosure can be a single-chain antibody
(scFv) in which the heavy and light chain variable regions (Fv
region) have been connected by a flexible linker to form a single
polypeptide chain, which forms an antigen-binding region. Such
single-chain antibodies may be prepared by fusing DNA encoding a
peptide linker between DNAs encoding the two variable domain
polypeptides (VL and VH). The resulting polypeptides can fold back
on themselves to form antigen-binding monomers, or they can form
multimers (e.g., dimers, trimers, or tetramers), depending on the
length of a flexible linker between the two variable domains (Kortt
et al. (1997) Prot. Eng. 10:423; Kortt et al. (2001) Biomol. Eng.
18:95-108). By combining different VL and VH-comprising
polypeptides, one can form multimeric scFvs that bind to different
epitopes (Kriangkum et al. (2001) Biomol. Eng. 18:31-40). Single
chain antibodies can be produced using various techniques known in
the art.
Immunoconjugates
[0128] An antibody of the disclosure can be an immunoconjugate or
antibody-drug conjugates (ADC). Immunoconjugates combine the
binding specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the potency of
chemotherapeutic agents.
Polynucleotides Encoding the Anti-Notch1 Antibodies
[0129] The disclosure also provides isolated polynucleotides
encoding the antibodies and peptides of the disclosure, and vectors
and host cells comprising the polynucleotide.
[0130] In one aspect, the disclosure provides compositions, such as
a pharmaceutical composition, comprising any of the polynucleotides
of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the composition comprises
an expression vector comprising a polynucleotide encoding the
antibody of the disclosure. In other embodiment, the composition
comprises an expression vector comprising a polynucleotide encoding
any of the antibodies or polypeptides of the disclosure.
[0131] In another aspect, the disclosure provides a method of
making any of the polynucleotides described herein.
[0132] Polynucleotides complementary to any such sequences are also
encompassed by the present disclosure. Polynucleotides may be
single-stranded (coding or antisense) or double-stranded, and may
be DNA (genomic, cDNA or synthetic) or RNA molecules. RNA molecules
include HnRNA molecules, which contain introns and correspond to a
DNA molecule in a one-to-one manner, and mRNA molecules, which do
not contain introns. Additional coding or non-coding sequences may,
but need not, be present within a polynucleotide of the present
disclosure, and a polynucleotide may, but need not, be linked to
other molecules and/or support materials.
[0133] Polynucleotides may comprise a native sequence (i.e., an
endogenous sequence that encodes an antibody or a portion thereof)
or may comprise a variant of such a sequence. Polynucleotide
variants contain one or more substitutions, additions, deletions
and/or insertions such that the immunoreactivity of the encoded
polypeptide is not diminished, relative to a native immunoreactive
molecule. The effect on the immunoreactivity of the encoded
polypeptide may generally be assessed as described herein. Variants
preferably exhibit at least about 70% identity, more preferably, at
least about 80% identity, yet more preferably, at least about 90%
identity, and most preferably, at least about 95% identity to a
polynucleotide sequence that encodes a native antibody or a portion
thereof.
[0134] Two polynucleotide or polypeptide sequences are said to be
"identical" if the sequence of nucleotides or amino acids in the
two sequences is the same when aligned for maximum
correspondence.
[0135] It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art
that, as a result of the degeneracy of the genetic code, there are
many nucleotide sequences that encode a polypeptide as described
herein. Some of these polynucleotides bear minimal homology to the
nucleotide sequence of any native gene. Nonetheless,
polynucleotides that vary due to differences in codon usage are
specifically contemplated by the present disclosure. Further,
alleles of the genes comprising the polynucleotide sequences
provided herein are within the scope of the present disclosure.
Alleles are endogenous genes that are altered as a result of one or
more mutations, such as deletions, additions and/or substitutions
of nucleotides. The resulting mRNA and protein may, but need not,
have an altered structure or function. Alleles may be identified
using standard techniques (such as hybridization, amplification
and/or database sequence comparison).
[0136] The polynucleotides of this disclosure can be obtained using
chemical synthesis, recombinant methods, or PCR.
[0137] For preparing polynucleotides using recombinant methods, a
polynucleotide comprising a desired sequence can be inserted into a
suitable vector, and the vector in turn can be introduced into a
suitable host cell for replication and amplification. Suitable
cloning vectors may be constructed according to standard
techniques, or may be selected from a large number of cloning
vectors available in the art. While the cloning vector selected may
vary according to the host cell intended to be used, useful cloning
vectors will generally have the ability to self-replicate, may
possess a single target for a particular restriction endonuclease,
and/or may carry genes for a marker that can be used in selecting
clones containing the vector.
[0138] Expression vectors generally are replicable polynucleotide
constructs that contain a polynucleotide according to the
disclosure. It is implied that an expression vector must be
replicable in the host cells either as episomes or as an integral
part of the chromosomal DNA. Vector components may generally
include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: a
signal sequence; an origin of replication; one or more marker
genes; suitable transcriptional controlling elements (such as
promoters, enhancers and terminator).
[0139] The vectors containing the polynucleotides of interest can
be introduced into the host cell by any of a number of appropriate
means, including electroporation, transfection employing calcium
chloride, rubidium chloride, calcium phosphate, DEAE-dextran, or
other substances; microprojectile bombardment; lipofection; and
infection (e.g., where the vector is an infectious agent such as
vaccinia virus). The choice of introducing vectors or
polynucleotides will often depend on features of the host cell.
[0140] The disclosure also provides host cells comprising any of
the polynucleotides described herein. Any host cells capable of
over-expressing heterologous DNAs can be used for the purpose of
isolating the genes encoding the antibody, polypeptide or protein
of interest. Suitable non-mammalian host cells include prokaryotes
(such as E. coli or B. subtillis) and yeast (such as S. cerevisae,
S. pombe; or K. lactis). Preferably, the host cells express the
cDNAs at a level of about 5 fold higher, more preferably, 10 fold
higher, even more preferably, 20 fold higher than that of the
corresponding endogenous antibody or protein of interest, if
present, in the host cells.
Pharmaceutical Compositions
[0141] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a
composition, e.g., a pharmaceutical composition, containing one or
a combination of monoclonal antibodies, or antigen-binding
portion(s) thereof, of the present disclosure, formulated together
with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Such compositions may
include one or a combination of (e.g., two or more different)
antibodies, or immunoconjugates or bispecific molecules of the
disclosure. For example, a pharmaceutical composition of the
disclosure can comprise a combination of antibodies (or
immunoconjugates or bispecifics) that bind to different epitopes on
the target antigen or that have complementary activities.
[0142] Pharmaceutical compositions of the disclosure also can be
administered in combination therapy, i.e., combined with other
agents. For example, the combination therapy can include an
anti-Notch1 antibody of the present disclosure combined with at
least one other anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer or immunosuppressant
agent. Examples of therapeutic agents that can be used in
combination therapy are described in greater detail below in the
section on uses of the antibodies of the disclosure.
[0143] As used herein, "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier"
includes any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings,
antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption
delaying agents, and the like that are physiologically compatible.
Typically, the carrier is suitable for intravenous, intramuscular,
subcutaneous, parenteral, spinal or epidermal administration (e.g.,
by injection or infusion). Depending on the route of
administration, the active compound, i.e., antibody,
antigen-binding portion thereof, immunoconjuage, or bispecific
molecule, may be coated in a material to protect the compound from
the action of acids and other natural conditions that may
inactivate the compound.
[0144] In certain embodiments, the antibodies of the present
disclosure may be present in a neutral form (including zwitter
ionic forms) or as a positively or negatively-charged species. In
some cases, the antibodies may be complexed with a counterion to
form a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. Thus, the pharmaceutical
compounds of the disclosure may include one or more
pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
[0145] A "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" refers to a salt that
retains the desired biological activity of the parent compound
(e.g. antibody) and does not impart undesired toxicological effects
(see e.g., Berge, S. M., et al. (1977) J. Pharm. Sci. 66:1-19). For
example, the term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" includes a
complex comprising one or more antibodies and one or more
counterions, where the counterions are derived from
pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic and organic acids and
bases.
[0146] Examples of such salts include acid addition salts and base
addition salts. Acid addition salts include those derived from
nontoxic inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric,
sulfuric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, phosphorous and the like, as
well as from nontoxic organic acids such as aliphatic mono- and
dicarboxylic acids, phenyl-substituted alkanoic acids, hydroxy
alkanoic acids, aromatic acids, aliphatic and aromatic sulfonic
acids and the like. Base addition salts include those derived from
alkaline earth metals, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium,
calcium and the like, as well as from nontoxic organic amines, such
as N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine, N-methylglucamine, chloroprocaine,
choline, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, procaine and the
like.
[0147] Furthermore, pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic bases
include metallic ions. Metallic ions include, but are not limited
to, appropriate alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts and
other physiological acceptable metal ions. Salts derived from
inorganic bases include aluminum, ammonium, calcium, cobalt,
nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, manganese, chromium, selenium, tin,
copper, ferric, ferrous, lithium, magnesium, manganic salts,
manganous, potassium, rubidium, sodium, and zinc, and in their
usual valences.
[0148] Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of the
antibodies of the present disclosure can be prepared from the
following acids, including, without limitation formic, acetic,
acetamidobenzoic, adipic, ascorbic, boric, propionic, benzoic,
camphoric, carbonic, cyclamic, dehydrocholic, malonic, edetic,
ethylsulfuric, fendizoic, metaphosphoric, succinic, glycolic,
gluconic, lactic, malic, tartaric, tannic, citric, nitric,
ascorbic, glucuronic, maleic, folic, fumaric, propionic, pyruvic,
aspartic, glutamic, benzoic, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic,
lysine, isocitric, trifluoroacetic, pamoic, propionic, anthranilic,
mesylic, orotic, oxalic, oxalacetic, oleic, stearic, salicylic,
aminosalicylic, silicate, p-hydroxybenzoic, nicotinic,
phenylacetic, mandelic, embonic, sulfonic, methanesulfonic,
phosphoric, phosphonic, ethanesulfonic, ethanedisulfonic, ammonium,
benzenesulfonic, pantothenic, naphthalenesulfonic, toluenesulfonic,
2-hydroxyethanesulfonic, sulfanilic, sulfuric, nitric, nitrous,
sulfuric acid monomethyl ester, cyclohexylaminosulfonic,
.beta.-hydroxybutyric, glycine, glycylglycine, glutamic,
cacodylate, diaminohexanoic, camphorsulfonic, gluconic, thiocyanic,
oxoglutaric, pyridoxal 5-phosphate, chlorophenoxyacetic,
undecanoic, N-acetyl-L-aspartic, galactaric and galacturonic
acids.
[0149] Pharmaceutically acceptable organic bases include
trimethylamine, diethylamine, N, N'-dibenzylethylenediamine,
chloroprocaine, choline, dibenzylamine, diethanolamine,
ethylenediamine, meglumine (N-methylglucamine), procaine, cyclic
amines, quaternary ammonium cations, arginine, betaine, caffeine,
clemizole, 2-ethylaminoethanol, 2-diethylaminoethanol,
2-dimethylaminoethanol, ethanediamine, butylamine, ethanolamine,
ethylenediamine, N-ethylmorpholine, N-ethylpiperidine,
ethylglucamine, glucamine, glucosamine, histidine, hydrabamine,
imidazole, isopropylamine, methylglucamine, morpholine, piperazine,
pyridine, pyridoxine, neodymium, piperidine, polyamine resins,
procaine, purines, theobromine, triethylamine, tripropylamine,
triethanolamine, tromethamine, methylamine, taurine, cholate,
6-amino-2-methyl-2-heptanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol,
2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, aliphatic mono- and dicarboxylic
acids, phenyl-substituted alkanoic acids, hydroxy alkanoic acids,
aromatic acids, aliphatic and aromatic sulfonic acids, strontium,
tricine, hydrazine, phenylcyclohexylamine,
2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid,
bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-tris(hydroxymethyl)methane,
N-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid,
1,4-piperazinediethanesulfonic acid,
3-morpholino-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid,
1,3-bis[tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino]propane,
4-morpholinepropanesulfonic acid,
4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid,
2-[(2-hydroxy-1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyl)amino]ethanesulfonic
acid, N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid,
4-(N-morpholino)butanesulfonic acid,
3-(N,N-bis[2-hydroxyethyl]amino)-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid,
2-hydroxy-3-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino]-1-propanesulfonic
acid, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-(2-hydroxypropanesulfonic
acid), piperazine-1,4-bis(2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid) dihydrate,
4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulfonic acid,
N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine,
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-(4-butanesulfonic acid),
N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]-3-aminopropanesulfonic acid,
N-tris(Hydroxymethyl)methyl-4-aminobutanesulfonic acid,
N-(1,1-dimethyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-3-amino-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic
acid, 2-(cyclohexylamino)ethanesulfonic acid,
3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid,
3-(cyclohexylamino)-1-propanesulfonic acid,
N-(2-acetamido)iminodiacetic acid,
4-(cyclohexylamino)-1-butanesulfonic acid,
N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]glycine,
2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol, and trometamol.
[0150] A pharmaceutical composition of the disclosure also may
include a pharmaceutically acceptable anti-oxidant. Examples of
pharmaceutically acceptable antioxidants include: (1) water soluble
antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid, cysteine hydrochloride, sodium
bisulfate, sodium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite and the like; (2)
oil-soluble antioxidants, such as ascorbyl palmitate, butylated
hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), lecithin,
propyl gallate, alpha-tocopherol, and the like; and (3) metal
chelating agents, such as citric acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic
acid (EDTA), sorbitol, tartaric acid, phosphoric acid, and the
like.
[0151] Examples of suitable aqueous and nonaqueous carriers that
may be employed in the pharmaceutical compositions of the
disclosure include water, ethanol, polyols (such as glycerol,
propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like), and suitable
mixtures thereof, vegetable oils, such as olive oil, and injectable
organic esters, such as ethyl oleate. Proper fluidity can be
maintained, for example, by the use of coating materials, such as
lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the
case of dispersions, and by the use of surfactants.
[0152] These compositions may also contain adjuvants such as
preservatives, wetting agents, emulsifying agents and dispersing
agents. Prevention of presence of microorganisms may be ensured
both by sterilization procedures, supra, and by the inclusion of
various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, paraben,
chlorobutanol, phenol sorbic acid, and the like. It may also be
desirable to include isotonic agents, such as sugars, sodium
chloride, and the like into the compositions. In addition,
prolonged absorption of the injectable pharmaceutical form may be
brought about by the inclusion of agents which delay absorption
such as aluminum monostearate and gelatin.
[0153] Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include sterile aqueous
solutions or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous
preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersion. The use
of such media and agents for pharmaceutically active substances is
known in the art. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent
is incompatible with the active compound, use thereof in the
pharmaceutical compositions of the disclosure is contemplated.
Supplementary active compounds can also be incorporated into the
compositions.
[0154] Therapeutic compositions typically must be sterile and
stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage. The
composition can be formulated as a solution, microemulsion,
liposome, or other ordered structure suitable to high drug
concentration. The carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium
containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example,
glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyethylene glycol, and the
like), and suitable mixtures thereof. The proper fluidity can be
maintained, for example, by the use of a coating such as lecithin,
by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of
dispersion and by the use of surfactants. In many cases, it will be
preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars,
polyalcohols such as mannitol, sorbitol, or sodium chloride in the
composition. Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions
can be brought about by including in the composition an agent that
delays absorption, for example, monostearate salts and gelatin.
[0155] Sterile injectable solutions can be prepared by
incorporating the active compound in the required amount in an
appropriate solvent with one or a combination of ingredients
enumerated above, as required, followed by sterilization
microfiltration. Generally, dispersions are prepared by
incorporating the active compound into a sterile vehicle that
contains a basic dispersion medium and the required other
ingredients from those enumerated above. In the case of sterile
powders for the preparation of sterile injectable solutions,
methods of preparation include, but are not limited to, vacuum
drying and freeze-drying (lyophilization) that yield a powder of
the active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from a
previously sterile-filtered solution thereof.
[0156] The amount of active ingredient which can be combined with a
carrier material to produce a single dosage form will vary
depending upon the subject being treated, and the particular mode
of administration. The amount of active ingredient which can be
combined with a carrier material to produce a single dosage form
will generally be that amount of the composition which produces a
therapeutic effect. Generally, out of one hundred percent, this
amount will range from about 0.01 percent to about ninety-nine
percent of active ingredient, preferably from about 0.1 percent to
about 70 percent, most preferably from about 1 percent to about 30
percent of active ingredient in combination with a pharmaceutically
acceptable carrier.
[0157] Dosage regimens are adjusted to provide the optimum desired
response (e.g., a therapeutic response). For example, a single
bolus may be administered, several divided doses may be
administered over time or the dose may be proportionally reduced or
increased as indicated by the exigencies of the therapeutic
situation. It is especially advantageous to formulate parenteral
compositions in dosage unit form for ease of administration and
uniformity of dosage. Dosage unit form as used herein refers to
physically discrete units suited as unitary dosages for the
subjects to be treated; each unit contains a predetermined quantity
of active compound calculated to produce the desired therapeutic
effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. The
specification for the dosage unit forms of the disclosure are
dictated by and directly dependent on (a) the unique
characteristics of the active compound and the particular
therapeutic effect to be achieved, and (b) the limitations inherent
in the art of compounding such an active compound for the treatment
of sensitivity in individuals.
[0158] For administration of the antibody, the dosage ranges from
about 0.0001 to 100 mg/kg, and more usually 0.01 to 5 mg/kg, of the
host body weight. For example dosages can be 0.3 mg/kg body weight,
1 mg/kg body weight, 3 mg/kg body weight, 5 mg/kg body weight or 10
mg/kg body weight or within the range of 1 to 10 mg/kg. An
exemplary treatment regime entails administration once per week,
once every two weeks, once every three weeks, once every four
weeks, once per month, once every 3 months or once every three to 6
months. Dosage regimens for an anti-Notch1 antibody of the
disclosure include, for example, 1 mg/kg body weight or 3 mg/kg
body weight via intravenous administration, with the antibody being
given using one of the following dosing schedules: (i) every four
weeks for six dosages, then every three months; (ii) every three
weeks; (iii) 3 mg/kg body weight once followed by 1 mg/kg body
weight every three weeks.
[0159] In some methods, two or more monoclonal antibodies with
different binding specificities are administered simultaneously, in
which case the dosage of each antibody administered falls within
the ranges indicated. Antibody is usually administered on multiple
occasions. Intervals between single dosages can be, for example,
weekly, monthly, every three months or yearly. Intervals can also
be irregular as indicated by measuring blood levels of antibody to
the target antigen in the patient. In some methods, dosage is
adjusted to achieve a plasma antibody concentration of about 1 to
1000 .mu.g/ml and in some methods about 25 to 300 .mu.g/ml.
[0160] Alternatively, antibody can be administered as a sustained
release formulation, in which case less frequent administration is
required. Dosage and frequency vary depending on the half-life of
the antibody in the patient. In general, human antibodies show the
longest half life, followed by humanized antibodies, chimeric
antibodies, and nonhuman antibodies. The dosage and frequency of
administration can vary depending on whether the treatment is
prophylactic or therapeutic. In prophylactic applications, a
relatively low dosage is administered at relatively infrequent
intervals over a long period of time. Some patients continue to
receive treatment for the rest of their lives. In therapeutic
applications, a relatively high dosage at relatively short
intervals is sometimes required until progression of the disease is
reduced or terminated, and preferably until the patient shows
partial or complete amelioration of symptoms of disease.
Thereafter, the patient can be administered a prophylactic
regime.
[0161] Actual dosage levels of the active ingredients in the
pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure may be varied
so as to obtain an amount of the active ingredient which is
effective to achieve the desired therapeutic response for a
particular patient, composition, and mode of administration,
without being toxic to the patient. The selected dosage level will
depend upon a variety of pharmacokinetic factors including the
activity of the particular compositions of the present disclosure
employed, or the ester, salt or amide thereof, the route of
administration, the time of administration, the rate of excretion
of the particular compound being employed, the duration of the
treatment, other drugs, compounds and/or materials used in
combination with the particular compositions employed, the age,
sex, weight, condition, general health and prior medical history of
the patient being treated, and like factors well known in the
medical arts.
[0162] A "therapeutically effective dosage" of an anti-Notch
antibody of the disclosure preferably results in a decrease in
severity of disease symptoms, an increase in frequency and duration
of disease symptom-free periods, or a prevention of impairment or
disability due to the disease affliction. For example, for the
treatment of Notch1-positive tumors, a "therapeutically effective
dosage" preferably inhibits cell growth or tumor growth by at least
about 20%, more preferably by at least about 40%, even more
preferably by at least about 60%, and still more preferably by at
least about 80% relative to untreated subjects. The ability of a
compound to inhibit tumor growth can be evaluated in an animal
model system predictive of efficacy in human tumors. Alternatively,
this property of a composition can be evaluated by examining the
ability of the compound to inhibit, such inhibition in vitro by
assays known to the skilled practitioner. A therapeutically
effective amount of a therapeutic compound can decrease tumor size,
or otherwise ameliorate symptoms in a subject. One of ordinary
skill in the art would be able to determine such amounts based on
such factors as the subject's size, the severity of the subject's
symptoms, and the particular composition or route of administration
selected.
[0163] A composition of the present disclosure can be administered
via one or more routes of administration using one or more of a
variety of methods known in the art. As will be appreciated by the
skilled artisan, the route and/or mode of administration will vary
depending upon the desired results. Routes of administration for
antibodies of the disclosure include intravenous, intramuscular,
intradermal, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, spinal or other
parenteral routes of administration, for example by injection or
infusion. The phrase "parenteral administration" as used herein
means modes of administration other than enteral and topical
administration, usually by injection, and includes, without
limitation, intravenous, intramuscular, intraarterial, intrathecal,
intracapsular, intraorbital, intracardiac, intradermal,
intraperitoneal, transtracheal, subcutaneous, subcuticular,
intraarticular, subcapsular, subarachnoid, intraspinal, epidural
and intrasternal injection and infusion.
Alternatively, an antibody or antigen biding portion thereof of the
disclosure can be administered via a non-parenteral route, such as
a topical, epidermal or mucosal route of administration, for
example, intranasally, orally, vaginally, rectally, sublingually or
topically.
[0164] The active compounds can be prepared with carriers that will
protect the compound against rapid release, such as a controlled
release formulation, including implants, transdermal patches, and
microencapsulated delivery systems. Biodegradable, biocompatible
polymers can be used, such as ethylene vinyl acetate,
polyanhydrides, polyglycolic acid, collagen, polyorthoesters, and
polylactic acid. Many methods for the preparation of such
formulations are patented or generally known to those skilled in
the art. See, e.g., Sustained and Controlled Release Drug Delivery
Systems, J. R. Robinson, ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York,
1978.
Uses and Methods of the Disclosure
[0165] The antibodies, particularly the human antibodies, antibody
compositions and methods of the present disclosure have numerous in
vitro and in vivo diagnostic and therapeutic utilities involving
the diagnosis and treatment of Notch1 mediated disorders. For
example, these molecules can be administered to cells in culture,
in vitro or ex vivo, or to human subjects, e.g., in vivo, to treat,
prevent and to diagnose a variety of disorders. As used herein, the
term "subject" is intended to include human and non-human animals.
Non-human animals include all vertebrates, e.g., mammals and
non-mammals, such as non-human primates, sheep, dogs, cats, cows,
horses, chickens, amphibians, and reptiles. Preferred subjects
include human patients having disorders mediated by Notch1
activity. The methods are particularly suitable for treating human
patients having a disorder associated with abnormal Notch1
expression or activation. When antibodies to Notch1 are
administered together with another agent, the two can be
administered in either order or simultaneously.
[0166] Given the specific binding of the antibodies of the
disclosure for Notch1, the antibodies of the disclosure can be used
to specifically detect Notch1 expression on the surface of cells
and, moreover, can be used to purify Notch1 via immunoaffinity
purification.
[0167] Furthermore, the antibodies, antibody compositions and
methods of the present disclosure can be used to treat a subject
with abnormal Notch1 expression, e.g., a cancer. In one particular
embodiment, the cancer is T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(T-ALL). In another particular embodiment, the cancer is non-small
cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, colon cancer or ovarian
cancer.
[0168] Other types of abnormal Notch 1 expression that may be
treated by the antibodies of the disclosure include, for example,
mesothelioma, hepatobilliary (hepatic and billiary duct), a primary
or secondary CNS tumor, a primary or secondary brain tumor, lung
cancer (NSCLC and SCLC), bone cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin
cancer, cancer of the head or neck, cutaneous or intraocular
melanoma, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer,
gastrointestinal (gastric, colorectal, and duodenal), uterine
cancer, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the
endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina,
carcinoma of the vulva, Hodgkin's Disease, cancer of the esophagus,
cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system,
cancer of the thyroid gland, cancer of the parathyroid gland,
cancer of the adrenal gland, sarcoma of soft tissue, cancer of the
urethra, cancer of the penis, prostate cancer, testicular cancer,
chronic or acute leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, lymphocytic
lymphomas, cancer of the bladder, cancer of the kidney or ureter,
renal cell carcinoma, carcinoma of the renal pelvis, neoplasms of
the central nervous system (CNS), primary CNS lymphoma, non
hodgkins's lymphoma, spinal axis tumors, brain stem glioma,
pituitary adenoma, adrenocortical cancer, gall bladder cancer,
multiple myeloma, cholangiocarcinoma, fibrosarcoma, neuroblastoma,
retinoblastoma, or a combination of one or more of the foregoing
cancers.
[0169] Suitable routes of administering the antibody compositions
(e.g., human monoclonal antibodies, multispecific and bispecific
molecules and immunoconjugates) of the disclosure in vivo and in
vitro are well known in the art and can be selected by those of
ordinary skill. For example, the antibody compositions can be
administered by injection (e.g., intravenous or subcutaneous).
Suitable dosages of the molecules used will depend on the age and
weight of the subject and the concentration and/or formulation of
the antibody composition.
[0170] Human anti-Notch1 antibodies of the disclosure can be
co-administered with one or other more therapeutic agents, e.g., a
cytotoxic agent, a radiotoxic agent or an immunosuppressive agent.
The antibody can be linked to the agent (as an immunocomplex) or
can be administered separate from the agent. In the latter case
(separate administration), the antibody can be administered before,
after or concurrently with the agent or can be co-administered with
other known therapies, e.g., an anti-cancer therapy, e.g.,
radiation. The antibody and the agent can be prepared for
simultaneous, sequential or separate administration. Such
therapeutic agents include, among others, anti-neoplastic agents
such as docetaxel, doxorubicin (adriamycin), cisplatin bleomycin
sulfate, carmustine, chlorambucil, and cyclophosphamide hydroxyurea
which, by themselves, are only effective at levels which are toxic
or subtoxic to a patient. Cisplatin can be intravenously
administered as a 100 mg/dose once every four weeks and adriamycin
is intravenously administered as a 60 to 75 mg/ml dose once every
21 days. Co-administration of the human anti-Notch1 antibodies of
the present disclosure with chemotherapeutic agents provides two
anti-cancer agents which operate via different mechanisms which
yield a cytotoxic effect to human tumor cells.
Kits
[0171] Also within the scope of the present disclosure are kits
comprising the antibody compositions of the disclosure (e.g., human
antibodies, bispecific or multispecific molecules, or
immunoconjugates) and instructions for use. The kit can further
contain one or more additional reagents, such as an
immunosuppressive reagent, a cytotoxic agent or a radiotoxic agent,
or one or more additional antibodies of the disclosure (e.g., a
human antibody having a complementary activity which binds to an
epitope in the Notch1 antigen distinct from the first human
antibody).
[0172] Accordingly, patients treated with antibody compositions of
the disclosure can be additionally administered (prior to,
simultaneously with, or following administration of a human
antibody of the disclosure) another therapeutic agent, such as a
cytotoxic or radiotoxic agent, which enhances or augments the
therapeutic effect of the human antibodies.
[0173] The present disclosure is further illustrated by the
following examples which should not be construed as further
limiting. The contents of all figures and all references, patents
and published patent applications cited throughout this application
are expressly incorporated herein by reference.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
Generation of Recombinant Human and Mouse Notch1 Protein
Immunogens
A. Expression and Purification of Human and Mouse Notch1 NRR
Proteins
[0174] cDNA constructs encoding the Notch1 NRR region, amino acids
of SEQ ID 2 for human Notch1 and amino acids of SEQ ID 6 for mouse
Notch1 shown in Table 1, with a signal peptide at the N-terminus
and Avi and His6 tag at the C-terminus, were cloned into the
expression vector pSMED2. These constructs were transiently
transfected into COS or Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and the
secreted protein in conditioned media were analyzed on SDS-PAGE.
After processing at the S1 cleavage site, the N-terminal .about.26
kDa (LNR-A, B, C and HD1) and C-terminal .about.12 kDa (HD2 and
Avi_His tag) halves of the Notch1 NRR domain remain associated
through non-covalent interactions to form a heterodimeric complex,
as shown in FIG. 1. S1 processing of the Notch1 NRR was determined
to be about 50% or less in samples prepared from CHO cells.
[0175] To enhance processing at the S1 cleavage site, the Notch1
NRR expression construct was transfected into CHO-PACE cells
(Harrison et, al, Semin Hematol. 1998 April; 35(2 Suppl 2):4-10)
and stable cell lines with the highest expression and complete
processing of Notch1 NRR were selected. Culture of these cell lines
was scaled up for the collection of conditioned media (CM) from
which Notch1 NRR proteins were purified.
[0176] Concentrated CHO-PACE CM was loaded onto a 27 ml Qiagen
Ni-NTA Superflow column that was equilibrated with PBS at a flow
rate of 1 ml/min at 4.degree. C. After loading, the column was
washed with 10 Column Volumes (CV) of PBS, followed by 10CV of
Buffer A (300 mM NaCl, 50 mM Na.sub.2HPO.sub.4, pH 8.0), and
followed by 10CV 4% Buffer B (500 mM imidazole, 300 mM NaCl, 50 mM
Na.sub.2HPO.sub.4, pH 8.0). The human Notch1 Avi_His was eluted
using a linear gradient to 100% Buffer B over 10CV. Fractions
containing human Notch1 Avi_His were pooled, filtered and dialyzed
to PBS calcium magnesium free (CMF). The protein was further
purified with two rounds of size exclusion chromatography on a
tandem SUPERDEX-200 and SUPERDEX-75 columns (total CV=600 ml)
equilibrated with TBS+1 mM CaCl.sub.2, 0.1 mM ZnCl.sub.2. SDS-PAGE
analysis of purified human and mouse Notch1 NRR_Avi_His tag
proteins show that >90% of the purified protein was correctly
cleaved into the predicted Notch1 NRR N-terminal and C-terminal
peptide sizes. Light scattering (SEC-MALs) analysis of purified
human and mouse Notch1 NRR proteins showed a peak at the expected
molecular weight of 40 kDa on a size exclusion column under native
conditions, indicating proper formation of an intact Notch1 NRR
heterodimer.
B. Expression and Purification of Cyno-Notch1 NRR-Fc Fusion
Protein
[0177] A cDNA construct encoding the cyno Notch1 NRR region, amino
acids of SEQ ID 10 for cyno Notch1 shown in Table 1, with a signal
peptide at the N-terminus and human IgG1 Fc fragment at the
C-terminus, was cloned into the expression vector pSMED2. This
construct was transiently co-transfected into 293 (Invitrogen)
cells with a soluble PACE overexpressing construct (Harrison et,
al, Semin Hematol. 1998 April; 35(2 Suppl 2):4-10) to ensure
complete processing of the cyno-Notch1 NRR region. Conditioned
medium was harvested from transfected cells and the cyno-Notch1
NRR-Fc fusion protein was purified via protein A affinity
purification. Purified protein was then dialyzed into TBS
containing 1 mM CaCl.sub.2. SDS-PAGE analysis showed two
polypeptide fragments at expected sizes of 12Kd (HD1) and 37Kd
(HD2+Fc), with >95% purity of the protein preparation.
Analytical SEC under native conditions showed a single peak around
50 K.sub.D, representing a heterodimer of the two fragments
described above, with minimal amount of aggregates (<1%) in the
preparation.
[0178] Table 1 below provides the amino acid and nucleotide
sequences of human, mouse and cyno Notch1 NRR regions.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Amino acid and nucleotide sequences of
human, mouse and cyno Notch1 NRR regions. SEQ ID NO: 1 Human Notch1
NRR amino acid mpllllllllpsplhoGGAGRDIPPPLIEEACELPECQE sequence
(amino acids in lower DAGNKVCSLQCNNHACGWDGGDCSLNFNDP case type
represent the Gp1b WKNCTQSLQCWKYFSDGHCDSQCNSAGCLF signal sequence
and Avi_His DGFDCQRAEGQCNPLYDQYCKDHFSDGHCD tag)
QGCNSAECEWDGLDCAEHVPERLAAGTLVVV VLMPPEQLRNSSFHFLRELSRVLHTNVVFKRD
AHGQQMIFPYYGREEELRKHPIKRAAEGWAAP DALLGQVKASLLPGGSEGGRRRRELDPMDVR
GSIVYLEIDNRQCVQASSQCFQSATDVAAFLG ALASLGSLNIPYKIEAVQSETVEPPPPAQLHFM
gggsggglndifeaqkiewheggpphhhhhh 2 Human Notch1 NRR amino acid
GGAGRDIPPPLIEEACELPECQEDAGNKVCSL sequence
QCNNHACGWDGGDCSLNFNDPWKNCTQSLQ CWKYFSDGHCDSQCNSAGCLFDGFDCQRAE
GQCNPLYDQYCKDHFSDGHCDQGCNSAECE WDGLDCAEHVPERLAAGTLVVVVLMPPEQLR
NSSFHFLRELSRVLHTNVVFKRDAHGQQMIFP YYGREEELRKHPIKRAAEGWAAPDALLGQVKA
SLLPGGSEGGRRRRELDPMDVRGSIVYLEIDN RQCVQASSQCFQSATDVAAFLGALASLGSLNI
PYKIEAVQSETVEPPPPAQLHFM 3 Human Notch1 NRR nucleotide
atgcctctcctcctcttgctgctcctgctgccaagccccttacacgc sequence
(nucleotides in lower gGGTGGGGCCGGGCGCGACATCCCCCCGC case type
represent the signal CGCTGATCGAGGAGGCGTGCGAGCTGCCCG peptide Avi_His
tag coding AGTGCCAGGAGGACGCGGGCAACAAGGTCT sequence)
GCAGCCTGCAGTGCAACAACCACGCGTGCG GCTGGGACGGCGGTGACTGCTCCCTCAACT
TCAATGACCCCTGGAAGAACTGCACGCAGTC TCTGCAGTGCTGGAAGTACTTCAGTGACGGC
CACTGTGACAGCCAGTGCAACTCAGCCGGC TGCCTCTTCGACGGCTTTGACTGCCAGCGTG
CGGAAGGCCAGTGCAACCCCCTGTACGACC AGTACTGCAAGGACCACTTCAGCGACGGGC
ACTGCGACCAGGGCTGCAACAGCGCGGAGT GCGAGTGGGACGGGCTGGACTGTGCGGAG
CATGTACCCGAGAGGCTGGCGGCCGGCACG CTGGTGGTGGTGGTGCTGATGCCGCCGGAG
CAGCTGCGCAACAGCTCCTTCCACTTCCTGC GGGAGCTCAGCCGCGTGCTGCACACCAACG
TGGTCTTCAAGCGTGACGCACACGGCCAGC AGATGATCTTCCCCTACTACGGCCGCGAGGA
GGAGCTGCGCAAGCACCCCATCAAGCGTGC CGCCGAGGGCTGGGCCGCACCTGACGCCCT
GCTGGGCCAGGTGAAGGCCTCGCTGCTCCC TGGTGGCAGCGAGGGTGGGCGGCGGCGGA
GGGAGCTGGACCCCATGGACGTCCGCGGCT CCATCGTCTACCTGGAGATTGACAACCGGCA
GTGTGTGCAGGCCTCCTCGCAGTGCTTCCA GAGTGCCACCGACGTGGCCGCATTCCTGGG
AGCGCTCGCCTCGCTGGGCAGCCTCAACAT CCCCTACAAGATCGAGGCCGTGCAGAGTGA
GACCGTGGAGCCGCCCCCGCCGGCGCAGC TGCACTTCATGggagggggaagcggaggcggactgaa
cgacatcttcgaggctcagaaaatcgaatggcacgaaggtggc
ccaccacatcatcatcatcatcac 4 Human Notch1 NRR nucleotide
GGTGGGGCCGGGCGCGACATCCCCCCGCC sequence
GCTGATCGAGGAGGCGTGCGAGCTGCCCGA GTGCCAGGAGGACGCGGGCAACAAGGTCTG
CAGCCTGCAGTGCAACAACCACGCGTGCGG CTGGGACGGCGGTGACTGCTCCCTCAACTT
CAATGACCCCTGGAAGAACTGCACGCAGTCT CTGCAGTGCTGGAAGTACTTCAGTGACGGC
CACTGTGACAGCCAGTGCAACTCAGCCGGC TGCCTCTTCGACGGCTTTGACTGCCAGCGTG
CGGAAGGCCAGTGCAACCCCCTGTACGACC AGTACTGCAAGGACCACTTCAGCGACGGGC
ACTGCGACCAGGGCTGCAACAGCGCGGAGT GCGAGTGGGACGGGCTGGACTGTGCGGAG
CATGTACCCGAGAGGCTGGCGGCCGGCACG CTGGTGGTGGTGGTGCTGATGCCGCCGGAG
CAGCTGCGCAACAGCTCCTTCCACTTCCTGC GGGAGCTCAGCCGCGTGCTGCACACCAACG
TGGTCTTCAAGCGTGACGCACACGGCCAGC AGATGATCTTCCCCTACTACGGCCGCGAGGA
GGAGCTGCGCAAGCACCCCATCAAGCGTGC CGCCGAGGGCTGGGCCGCACCTGACGCCCT
GCTGGGCCAGGTGAAGGCCTCGCTGCTCCC TGGTGGCAGCGAGGGTGGGCGGCGGCGGA
GGGAGCTGGACCCCATGGACGTCCGCGGCT CCATCGTCTACCTGGAGATTGACAACCGGCA
GTGTGTGCAGGCCTCCTCGCAGTGCTTCCA GAGTGCCACCGACGTGGCCGCATTCCTGGG
AGCGCTCGCCTCGCTGGGCAGCCTCAACAT CCCCTACAAGATCGAGGCCGTGCAGAGTGA
GACCGTGGAGCCGCCCCCGCCGGCGCAGC TGCACTTCATG 5 Mouse Notch1 NRR amino
acid mpllllllllpsplhpGGAGRDIPPPQIEEACELPECQV sequence (amino acids
in lower DAGNKVCNLQCNNHACGWDGGDCSLNFNDP case type represent the
Gp1b WKNCTQSLQCWKYFSDGHCDSQCNSAGCLF signal sequence and Avi_His
DGFDCQLTEGQCNPLYDQYCKDHFSDGHCDQ tag of purified protein)
GCNSAECEWDGLDCAEHVPERLAAGTLVLVVL LPPDQLRNNSFHFLRELSHVLHTNVVFKRDAQ
GQQMIFPYYGHEEELRKHPIKRSTVGWATSSL LPGTSGGRQRRELDPMDIRGSIVYLEIDNRQC
VQSSSQCFQSATDVAAFLGALASLGSLNIPYKI
EAVKSEPVEPPLPSQLHLMgggsggglndifeagkie wheggpphhhhhh 6 Mouse Notch1
NRR amino acid GGAGRDIPPPQIEEACELPECQVDAGNKVCNL sequence
QCNNHACGWDGGDCSLNFNDPWKNCTQSLQ CWKYFSDGHCDSQCNSAGCLFDGFDCQLTEG
QCNPLYDQYCKDHFSDGHCDQGCNSAECEW DGLDCAEHVPERLAAGTLVLVVLLPPDQLRNN
SFHFLRELSHVLHTNVVFKRDAQGQQMIFPYY GHEEELRKHPIKRSTVGWATSSLLPGTSGGRQ
RRELDPMDIRGSIVYLEIDNRQCVQSSSQCFQ SATDVAAFLGALASLGSLNIPYKIEAVKSEPVEP
PLPSQLHLM 7 Mouse Notch1 NRR nucleotide
atgcctctcctcctcttgctgctcctgctgccaagccccttacacgc sequence
(nucleotides in lower gGGTGGCGCTGGGCGCGACATTCCCCCACC case type
represent the Gp1b GCAGATTGAGGAGGCCTGTGAGCTGCCTGA signal sequence
and Avi His GTGCCAGGTGGATGCAGGCAATAAGGTCTG tag of purified protein)
CAACCTGCAGTGTAATAATCACGCATGTGGC TGGGATGGTGGCGACTGCTCCCTCAACTTCA
ATGACCCCTGGAAGAACTGCACGCAGTCTCT ACAGTGCTGGAAGTATTTTAGCGACGGCCAC
TGTGACAGCCAGTGCAACTCGGCCGGCTGC CTCTTTGATGGCTTCGACTGCCAGCTCACCG
AGGGACAGTGCAACCCCCTGTATGACCAGTA CTGCAAGGACCACTTCAGTGATGGCCACTGC
GACCAGGGCTGTAACAGTGCCGAATGTGAG TGGGATGGCCTAGACTGTGCTGAGCATGTAC
CCGAGCGGCTGGCAGCCGGCACCCTGGTG CTGGTGGTGCTGCTTCCACCCGACCAGCTA
CGGAACAACTCCTTCCACTTTCTGCGGGAGC TCAGCCACGTGCTGCACACCAACGTGGTCTT
CAAGCGTGATGCGCAAGGCCAGCAGATGAT CTTCCCGTACTATGGCCACGAGGAAGAGCT
GCGCAAGCACCCAATCAAGCGCTCTACAGT GGGTTGGGCCACCTCTTCACTGCTTCCTGGT
ACCAGTGGTGGGCGCCAGCGCAGGGAGCT GGACCCCATGGACATCCGTGGCTCCATTGTC
TACCTGGAGATCGACAACCGGCAATGTGTGC AGTCATCCTCGCAGTGCTTCCAGAGTGCCAC
CGATGTGGCTGCCTTCCTAGGTGCTCTTGCG TCACTTGGCAGCCTCAATATTCCTTACAAGAT
TGAGGCCGTGAAGAGTGAGCCGGTGGAGCC TCCGCTGCCCTCGCAGCTGCACCTCATGgga
gggggaagcggaggcggactgaacgacatcttcgaggctcag
aaaatcgaatggcacgaaggtggcccaccacatcatcatcatca tcac 8 Mouse Notch1
NRR nucleotide GGTGGCGCTGGGCGCGACATTCCCCCACCG sequence
CAGATTGAGGAGGCCTGTGAGCTGCCTGAG TGCCAGGTGGATGCAGGCAATAAGGTCTGC
AACCTGCAGTGTAATAATCACGCATGTGGCT GGGATGGTGGCGACTGCTCCCTCAACTTCAA
TGACCCCTGGAAGAACTGCACGCAGTCTCTA CAGTGCTGGAAGTATTTTAGCGACGGCCACT
GTGACAGCCAGTGCAACTCGGCCGGCTGCC TCTTTGATGGCTTCGACTGCCAGCTCACCGA
GGGACAGTGCAACCCCCTGTATGACCAGTA CTGCAAGGACCACTTCAGTGATGGCCACTGC
GACCAGGGCTGTAACAGTGCCGAATGTGAG TGGGATGGCCTAGACTGTGCTGAGCATGTAC
CCGAGCGGCTGGCAGCCGGCACCCTGGTG CTGGTGGTGCTGCTTCCACCCGACCAGCTA
CGGAACAACTCCTTCCACTTTCTGCGGGAGC TCAGCCACGTGCTGCACACCAACGTGGTCTT
CAAGCGTGATGCGCAAGGCCAGCAGATGAT CTTCCCGTACTATGGCCACGAGGAAGAGCT
GCGCAAGCACCCAATCAAGCGCTCTACAGT GGGTTGGGCCACCTCTTCACTGCTTCCTGGT
ACCAGTGGTGGGCGCCAGCGCAGGGAGCT GGACCCCATGGACATCCGTGGCTCCATTGTC
TACCTGGAGATCGACAACCGGCAATGTGTGC AGTCATCCTCGCAGTGCTTCCAGAGTGCCAC
CGATGTGGCTGCCTTCCTAGGTGCTCTTGCG TCACTTGGCAGCCTCAATATTCCTTACAAGAT
TGAGGCCGTGAAGAGTGAGCCGGTGGAGCC TCCGCTGCCCTCGCAGCTGCACCTCATG 9
Cyno-Notch1 NRR-Fc amino mgwsciilflvatatgahsGGAGRDIPPPLIEEACELPE
acid sequence (amino acids in CQEDAGNKVCSLQCNNHACGWDGGDCSLNF lower
case type represent the NDPWKNCTQSLQCWKYFSDGHCDSQCNSAG signal
sequence and hIgG1 Fc CLFDGFDCQRAEGQCNPLYDQYCKDHFSDGH fragment of
purified protein) CDQGCNSAECEWDGLDCAEHVPERLAAGTLV
VVVLMPPEQLRNSSFHFLRELSRVLHTNVVFK RDAHGQQMIFPYYGREEELRKHPIKRAAEGWA
APEALLGQVKASLLPGGGGGGRRRRELDPMD VRGSIVYLEIDNRQCVQASSQCFQSATDVAAFL
GALASLGSLNIPYKIEAVQSETVEPPPPAQLHF
Mggggsggggepkssdkthtcppcpapellggpsvflfppkpk
dtlmisrtpevtcvvvdvshedpevkfnwyvdgvevhnaktkpr
eeqynstyrvvsvltvlhqdwlngkeykckvsnkalpapiektisk
akgqprepqvytlppsreemtknqvsltclvkgfypsdiavewes
ngqpennykttppvldsdgsfflyskltvdksrwqqgnvfscsvm healhnhytqkslslspgk
10 Cyno-Notch1 NRR amino acid GGAGRDIPPPLIEEACELPECQEDAGNKVCSL
sequence QCNNHACGWDGGDCSLNFNDPWKNCTQSLQ
CWKYFSDGHCDSQCNSAGCLFDGFDCQRAE GQCNPLYDQYCKDHFSDGHCDQGCNSAECE
WDGLDCAEHVPERLAAGTLVWVLMPPEQLR NSSFHFLRELSRVLHTNVVFKRDAHGQQMIFP
YYGREEELRKHPIKRAAEGWAAPEALLGQVKA SLLPGGGGGGRRRRELDPMDVRGSIVYLEIDN
RQCVQASSQCFQSATDVAAFLGALASLGSLNI PYKIEAVQSETVEPPPPAQLHFM 11
Cyno-Notch1 NRR-Fc atgggatggagctgtatcatcctcttcttggtagcaacagctacag
nucleotide sequence gcgcgcactccGGTGGGGCCGGGCGCGACATCC (nucleotides
in lower case type CCCCGCCGCTGATCGAGGAGGCGTGCGAGC represent the
signal sequence TGCCCGAGTGCCAGGAGGACGCGGGCAACA and hIgG1 Fc
fragment of AGGTCTGCAGCCTGCAGTGCAACAACCACG purified protein)
CGTGCGGCTGGGACGGCGGTGACTGCTCCC TCAACTTCAATGACCCCTGGAAGAACTGCAC
GCAGTCTCTGCAGTGCTGGAAGTACTTCAGT GACGGCCACTGTGACAGCCAGTGCAACTCA
GCCGGCTGCCTCTTCGACGGCTTTGACTGC CAGCGTGCGGAAGGCCAGTGCAACCCCCTG
TACGACCAGTACTGCAAGGACCACTTCAGCG ACGGGCACTGCGACCAGGGCTGCAACAGCG
CGGAGTGCGAGTGGGACGGGCTGGACTGTG CGGAGCATGTACCCGAGAGGCTGGCGGCCG
GCACGCTGGTGGTGGTGGTGCTGATGCCGC CGGAGCAGCTGCGCAACAGCTCCTTCCACTT
CCTGCGGGAGCTCAGCCGCGTGCTGCACAC CAACGTGGTCTTCAAGCGTGACGCACACGG
CCAGCAGATGATCTTCCCCTACTACGGCCGC GAGGAGGAGCTGCGCAAGCACCCCATCAAG
CGTGCCGCCGAGGGCTGGGCCGCACCTGAA GCCCTGCTGGGCCAGGTGAAGGCCTCGCTG
CTCCCTGGTGGCGGTGGAGGTGGGCGGCG GCGGAGGGAGCTGGACCCCATGGACGTCCG
CGGCTCCATCGTCTACCTGGAGATTGACAAC CGGCAGTGTGTGCAGGCCTCCTCGCAGTGC
TTCCAGAGTGCCACCGACGTGGCCGCATTC CTGGGAGCGCTCGCCTCGCTGGGCAGCCTC
AACATCCCCTACAAGATCGAGGCCGTGCAGA GTGAGACCGTGGAGCCGCCCCCGCCGGCG
CAGCTGCACTTCATGggagggggcggatccggcgga
ggcggagagcccaaatcttctgacaaaactcacacatgcccac
cgtgcccagcacctgaactcctggggggaccgtcagtcttcctctt
ccccccaaaacccaaggacaccctcatgatctcccggacccct
gaggtcacatgcgtggtggtggacgtgagccacgaagaccctg
aggtcaagttcaactggtacgtggacggcgtggaggtgcataat
gccaagacaaagccgcgggaggagcagtacaacagcacgta
ccgtgtggtcagcgtcctcaccgtcctgcaccaggactggctgaa
tggcaaggagtacaagtgcaaggtctccaacaaagccctccca
gcccccatcgagaaaaccatctccaaagccaaagggcagccc
cgagaaccacaggtgtacaccctgcccccatcccgggaggag
atgaccaagaaccaggtcagcctgacctgcctggtcaaaggctt
ctatcccagcgacatcgccgtggagtgggagagcaatgggcag
ccggagaacaactacaagaccacgcctcccgtgctggactccg
acggctccttcttcctctatagcaagctcaccgtggacaagagca
ggtggcagcaggggaacgtcttctcatgctccgtgatgcatgagg
ctctgcacaaccactacacgcagaagagcctctccctgtccccg ggtaaa 12 Cyno-Notch1
NRR nucleotide GGTGGGGCCGGGCGCGACATCCCCCCGCC sequence
GCTGATCGAGGAGGCGTGCGAGCTGCCCGA GTGCCAGGAGGACGCGGGCAACAAGGTCTG
CAGCCTGCAGTGCAACAACCACGCGTGCGG CTGGGACGGCGGTGACTGCTCCCTCAACTT
CAATGACCCCTGGAAGAACTGCACGCAGTCT CTGCAGTGCTGGAAGTACTTCAGTGACGGC
CACTGTGACAGCCAGTGCAACTCAGCCGGC TGCCTCTTCGACGGCTTTGACTGCCAGCGTG
CGGAAGGCCAGTGCAACCCCCTGTACGACC AGTACTGCAAGGACCACTTCAGCGACGGGC
ACTGCGACCAGGGCTGCAACAGCGCGGAGT GCGAGTGGGACGGGCTGGACTGTGCGGAG
CATGTACCCGAGAGGCTGGCGGCCGGCACG CTGGTGGTGGTGGTGCTGATGCCGCCGGAG
CAGCTGCGCAACAGCTCCTTCCACTTCCTGC GGGAGCTCAGCCGCGTGCTGCACACCAACG
TGGTCTTCAAGCGTGACGCACACGGCCAGC AGATGATCTTCCCCTACTACGGCCGCGAGGA
GGAGCTGCGCAAGCACCCCATCAAGCGTGC CGCCGAGGGCTGGGCCGCACCTGAAGCCCT
GCTGGGCCAGGTGAAGGCCTCGCTGCTCCC TGGTGGCGGTGGAGGTGGGCGGCGGCGGA
GGGAGCTGGACCCCATGGACGTCCGCGGCT CCATCGTCTACCTGGAGATTGACAACCGGCA
GTGTGTGCAGGCCTCCTCGCAGTGCTTCCA GAGTGCCACCGACGTGGCCGCATTCCTGGG
AGCGCTCGCCTCGCTGGGCAGCCTCAACAT CCCCTACAAGATCGAGGCCGTGCAGAGTGA
GACCGTGGAGCCGCCCCCGCCGGCGCAGC TGCACTTCATG
Example 2
Generation, Cloning and Humanization of Rat Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory
Antibodies
A. Immunization and Hybridoma Generation
[0179] The human and mouse immunogens described in Example 1 were
co-injected into Sprague-Dawley rats for the generation of
hybridomas. Sprague-Dawley rats were immunized by subcutaneous
injections of a mixture containing 20 .mu.g each of human and mouse
Notch1 NRR_Avi_His recombinant proteins in Freund's complete
adjuvant. Immunizations were repeated at 2-week intervals for 12
weeks. Collected sera samples at day 0, 35, 49, and 63 after the
1.sup.st injection were tested for circulating anti-Notch1 antibody
titer activity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as
described below.
[0180] When optimal titers were reached, a final dose of the
protein mixture was injected intravenously (tail vein) into a rat
having optimal antibody titer 4 days before it was to be sacrificed
for splenocyte collection. Total splenocytes (2.times.10E08) from
the rat were fused with mouse myeloma cell line P3X63.Ag8.653
(2.5.times.10E07) using PEG 4000. Fused cells were plated out in
96-well plates (0.2 ml/well) and subjected to HAT selection (RPMI
1640 containing 5.times.10E-04 M Hypoxanthine, 1.6.times.10E-05 M
Thymidine, 4.times.10E-04 M Aminopterin, and 20% Heat Inactivated
FCS).
[0181] Fourteen days post fusion, hybridoma supernatants were
harvested and tested for the presence of rat IgGs that exhibit
binding activity to human and/or mouse Notch1 NRR recombinant
protein, and full length Notch1 expressed on the surface of U-2 OS
cells by ELISA, as described below. Supernatants that showed
binding activity to Notch1 targets were further tested for their
ability to block Notch1 mediated signaling activity in a reporter
gene assay, as described below. Selected Notch1 signaling blocking
clones were then subcloned for further analysis.
B. Screening and Selection of Notch1 Specific Antibodies
1. Recombinant Protein Binding ELISA
[0182] Supernatants from hybridoma cultures were first screened for
binding to recombinant human and mouse immunogens by ELISA.
Purified human or mouse Notch1 NRR_Avi_His tag proteins were coated
on CoStar hi-bound 96-well ELISA plates in 100 .mu.l of PBS with
Mg/Ca at a concentration of 1 .mu.g/ml overnight. The plates were
washed with PBS-Mg/Ca and blocked for 1 hour with 1% BSA in
PBS-Mg/Ca. Blocking solution was decanted from the plate and
hybridoma culture supernatants were applied to the plate. After
incubation at room temperature for 1 hour, plates were washed again
with PBS-Mg/Ca before HRP-conjugated secondary antibody diluted
(1:20,000) in blocking buffer was applied. When the primary
antibody tested was rat IgG, the secondary antibody was goat
anti-rat IgG Fc (Bethyl Biotech); and when the primary antibody was
mouse IgG, the secondary antibody was goat anti-mouse IgG Fc
(Thermal Scientific).
[0183] After 1 hour incubation with the secondary antibody, plates
were washed again, as described above, and TMB substrate solution
was added. The developing reaction was allowed for 10 minutes
before the stopping solution, 0.18M H.sub.2SO.sub.4, was added.
Absorbance at O. D. 450 nM was measured and data was plotted and
analyzed with Microsoft Excel and Graphpad-Prizm software. The
antibodies exhibiting binding activity to human and/or mouse Notch1
NRR were selected for further cell based ELISA, as described
below.
2. Cell Based ELISA
[0184] Supernatants from clones displaying positive binding to
immunogens in recombinant Notch1 NRR based ELISAs described above
were then screened for cell surface Notch1 binding in a cell-based
ELISA. U-2 OS cells stably overexpressing human or mouse full
length Notch1 protein on cell surface were plated at 50,000
cells/well in 96 well plates (white opaque, BD/VWR) the day before
ELISA assay. On the day of the ELISA, culture media were removed
from wells and serially diluted (1:3 in blocking buffer) antibody
solutions or hybridoma culture supernatants were applied to the
plate. Plates were incubated at room temperature for 2 hours before
being washed with PBS-Mg/Ca. HRP-conjugated secondary antibody was
then applied and incubated with cells for 1 hour as described above
for recombinant protein ELISA. Plates were washed with PBS-Mg/Ca
before being developed with Pico-Chemiluminescent developing kit
(Thermal Scientific), and chemiluminescence measurements were
performed per manufacturer's instructions. Data plotting and
analyses were performed with Microsoft Excel and Graphpad-Prizm
software. This data was used in screening of hybridoma clones and
the characterization of a parental rat and humanized antibodies, as
described in the Examples below.
3. Reporter Gene Assays
[0185] Supernatants from clones displaying positive binding to
immunogens were then screened for neutralization activity in human
and mouse Notch1 reporter gene co-culture assays (RGA). Results of
the screening were used to select primary clones.
[0186] Human Notch1 reporter cells were trypinized and harvested
from culture plate in complete McCoy's 5A media (McCoy's 5A with
10% FBS and penicillin, streptomycin, Invitrogen) and counted.
Appropriate dilutions of cells were made with the same medium to
allow for 3,000 cells/well in a total volume of 80 .mu.l/well on a
96 well culture plate (white opaque, BD/VWR), in the presence of
serially diluted (1:3 in complete McCoy's 5A media) antibody
solutions or hybridoma culture supernatants. The mixture of cells
and antibody dilutions were incubated on the plates in a cell
culture incubator (37.degree. C., 5% CO.sub.2) for 1 hr before
15,000/well of human DLL4-HEK293 cells were added to each well.
After addition of hDLL4-HEK293 cells, the plates were further
incubated for 20 hrs in the incubator and DUAL-GLO Luciferase assay
system (Promega) was used to measure the firefly luciferase and
internal control Renilla luciferase activity per manufacturer's
instructions. Data was plotted and analyzed using Microsoft Excel
and Graphpad-Prism software. Mouse Notch1 reporter gene co-culture
assay was performed as described for human Notch1 reporter gene
co-culture assay, except 20,000 cells/well of mouse Notch1 reporter
cells were co-cultured with 40,000 cells/well of mouse DLL4-HEK293
cells.
C. Cloning and Sequencing
[0187] Primary clones with confirmed cell surface binding or
neutralizing activities were subcloned, such as clones 438 and 351
further described below. RNAs from the subclones were extracted and
the variable region DNA sequences from the expressed antibodies
were obtained via RT-PCR cloning, as described below.
[0188] One to five million of the subcloned hybridoma cells were
homogenized for total RNA isolation with QIAGEN RNAEASY Mini kit.
First strand cDNA was then produced using SUPERSCRIPT III RT kit
(Invitrogen). Double stranded cDNAs for variable regions of
anti-Notch1 IgGs were subsequently generated and amplified by PCR
using primers from the rat IgG heavy chain (IgG1, 2a, 2b) and light
chain (kappa or lamda) constant regions, as described below. PCR
cycling conditions: 1 cycle at 95.degree. C. for 1 min; 25 cycles
at 95.degree. C. for 1 min, 63.degree. C. for 1 min and 72.degree.
C. for 1 min. The resulting RT-PCR products were cloned into
TOPO-BLUNT cloning vector (Invitrogen) and sequenced by
conventional methods.
[0189] Variable (V) region cDNAs from parental rat 438 and parental
rat 351 (hereinafter "rat 438" and "rat 351", respectively) were
subcloned into mammalian expression vectors wherein rat Variable
Heavy chain (VH) were fused in frame with murine IgG1 (mIgG1), and
rat Variable Light chain (VL) were fused with murine kappa.
Similarly, for the generation of chimeric antibodies with rat V
region and human IgG constant region, rat VH was fused in frame
with human IgG1 (hIgG1), and VL with human kappa, respectively.
Corresponding chimeric antibodies were generated from these
constructs by transient transfection in COS cells and their binding
and neutralizing activities were confirmed in assays.
[0190] Purified rat variable-mouse constant chimeric antibodies
(hereinafter "rat 438-mIgG1" and "rat 351-mIgG1") were further
characterized in a series of in vitro and in vivo assays, including
recombinant antigen and cell surface target binding, inhibition of
Notch1 activity in the RGA and angiogenesis assays, and tumor
growth inhibition in mouse models, as described in the Examples
below. The lead antibodies, rat 438 and rat 351 were selected based
on these studies. Table 2 lists the amino acid and nucleic acid
sequences of various regions of rat 438 and rat 351's variable
regions and additional clones 90, 132, 132 (A12/G11) and 137.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Rat variable region sequences SEQ ID NO: 13
438 Heavy Chain Variable Region AVQLVESGGGLVQPGRSLKLSCTASGFTFS
amino acid sequence SFAMAWVRQAPTKGLEWVASISYGGADTY
YRDSVKGRFTISRDNAKSSLYLQMDSLRSE DTSTYYCAKDLPYYGYTPFVMDAWGQGTS VTVSS
14 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region GCGGTACAGTTGGTGGAGTCTGGGGGAG
nucleotide sequence GCTTAGTGCAGCCTGGAAGGTCCTTGAAA
CTCTCCTGTACAGCCTCTGGATTCACTTT CAGTAGCTTTGCAATGGCCTGGGTCCGC
CAGGCTCCAACGAAGGGGCTGGAGTGGG TCGCATCCATTAGTTATGGTGGTGCTGAC
ACTTACTATCGAGACTCCGTGAAGGGCC GATTCACTATCTCCAGAGATAATGCAAAA
AGCAGCCTATATTTGCAAATGGACAGTCT GAGGTCTGAGGACACGTCCACTTATTACT
GTGCAAAAGACCTTCCATACTACGGATAT ACCCCCTTTGTTATGGATGCCTGGGGTCA
GGGAACTTCAGTCACTGTCTCCTCA 15 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region SFAMA
CDR1 amino acid sequence Kabat 16 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region
GFTFSSFAMA CDR1 amino acid sequence Chothia 17 438 Heavy Chain
Variable Region TCCTTCGCCATGGCC CDR1 nucleotide sequence Kabat 18
438 Heavy Chain Variable Region GGATTCACCTTTAGTTCCTTCGCCATGGCC CDR1
nucleotide sequence Chothia 19 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region
SISYGGADTYYRDSVKG CDR2 amino acid sequence Kabat 20 438 Heavy Chain
Variable Region SYGGAD CDR2 amino acid sequence Chothia 21 438
Heavy Chain Variable Region TCCATCTCCTATGGAGGCGCTGACACCTA CDR2
nucleotide sequence CTACCGGGACTCCGTGAAGGGC Kabat 22 438 Heavy Chain
Variable Region CCTATGGAGGCGCTGAC CDR2 nucleotide sequence Chothia
23 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region DLPYYGYTPFVMDA CDR3 amino acid
sequence Kabat and Chothia 24 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region
GATCTGCCCTACTACGGCTACACCCCCTT CDR3 nucleotide sequence
CGTGATGGACGCC Kabat and Chotia 25 438 Light Chain Variable Region
DIMLTQSPPTLSVTPGETISLSCRASQRINT amino acid sequence
DLHWYQQKPNESPRVLIKFASQTISGVPSR FSGSGSGTDFTLNINRVEPEDFSVYYCQQS
NSWPYTFGAGTKLELK 26 438 Light Chain Variable Region
GACATCATGCTGACTCAGTCTCCACCTAC nucleotide sequence
CCTGTCTGTAACTCCAGGAGAGACCATCA GTCTCTCCTGCAGGGCCAGTCAGAGAATT
AACACTGACTTACATTGGTATCAGCAAAA ACCAAATGAGTCTCCAAGGGTTCTCATCA
AATTTGCTTCCCAGACCATCTCTGGAGTC CCCTCCAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAG
GGACAGATTTCACTCTCAATATTAACAGA GTAGAGCCTGAAGATTTTTCAGTTTATTAC
TGTCAACAGAGTAATAGCTGGCCATACAC GTTTGGCGCTGGGACCAAGCTGGAACTG AAA 27
438 Light Chain Variable Region RASQRINTDLH CDR1 amino acid
sequence Kabat and Chothia 28 438 Light Chain Variable Region
CGGGCCTCCCAGCGGATCAACACCGACC CDR1 nucleotide sequence TGCAC Kabat
and Chothia 29 438 Light Chain Variable Region FASQTIS CDR2 amino
acid sequence Kabat and Chothia 30 438 Light Chain Variable Region
TTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCC CDR2 nucleotide sequence Kabat and Chothia 31
438 Light Chain Variable Region QQSNSWPYT CDR3 amino acid sequence
Kabat and Chothia 32 438 Light Chain Variable Region
CAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCCTACACC CDR3 nucleotide sequence Kabat and
Chothia 33 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGRSLKVSCLASGFTFS amino acid sequence
HYGMNWIRQAPGKGLDWVASISRSGSYIR YVDTVKGRFTVSRDIAKNTLYLQMTSLRSE
DTALYYCAREGQFGDYFEYWGQGVMVTV SS 34 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region
GAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGGAGGAG nucleotide sequence
GCTTAGTGCAGCCTGGAAGGTCCCTGAA AGTCTCCTGTTTAGCCTCTGGATTCACTTT
CAGTCACTATGGAATGAACTGGATTCGCC AGGCTCCAGGGAAGGGGCTGGACTGGGT
TGCATCTATTAGTAGGAGTGGCAGTTACA TCCGCTATGTAGACACAGTGAAGGGCCG
ATTCACCGTCTCCAGAGACATTGCCAAGA ACACCCTGTACCTGCAAATGACCAGTCTG
AGGTCTGAAGACACTGCCTTGTATTACTG TGCAAGAGAGGGACAATTCGGGGACTAC
TTTGAGTACTGGGGCCAAGGAGTCATGG TCACAGTCTCCTCA 35 351 Heavy Chain
Variable Region HYGMN CDR1 amino acid sequence Kabat 36 351 Heavy
Chain Variable Region GFTFSHYGMN CDR1 amino acid sequence Chothia
37 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region CACTATGGAATGAAC CDR1 nucleotide
sequence Kabat 38 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region
GGATTCACTTTCAGTCACTATGGAATGAAC CDR1 nucleotide sequence Chothia 39
351 Heavy Chain Variable Region SISRSGSYIRYVDTVKG CDR2 amino acid
sequence Kabat 40 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region SRSGSY CDR2 amino
acid sequence Chothia 41 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region
TCTATTAGTAGGAGTGGCAGTTACATCCG CDR2 nucleotide sequence
CTATGTAGACACAGTGAAGGGC Kabat 42 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region
AGTAGGAGTGGCAGTTAC CDR2 nucleotide sequence Chothia 43 351 Heavy
Chain Variable Region EGQFGDYFEY CDR3 amino acid sequence Kabat and
Chothia 44 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region
GAGGGACAATTCGGGGACTACTTTGAGTAC CDR3 nucleotide sequence Kabat and
Chotia 45 351 Light Chain Variable Region
DIMLTQSPATLSVTPGERISLSCRASQKIST amino acid sequence
NLHWYQQKPNESPRILIKYASQTISGIPSRF SGSGSGTDFTLHINTVEPEDFSVYYCQQTN
SWPLTFGSGTKLEIK 46 351 Light Chain Variable Region
GACATCATGCTGACTCAGTCTCCAGCTAC nucleotide sequence
CCTGTCTGTAACTCCAGGAGAGAGAATCA GTCTCTCCTGCAGGGCCAGTCAGAAAATT
AGCACTAACTTACATTGGTATCAGCAAAA GCCAAATGAGTCTCCAAGGATTCTCATCA
AATATGCTTCCCAGACCATCTCTGGAATC CCCTCCAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAG
GGACAGATTTCACTCTCCATATTAACACA GTAGAGCCTGAAGATTTTTCAGTTTATTAC
TGTCAACAGACTAATAGTTGGCCGCTCAC GTTCGGTTCTGGGACCAAGCTGGAGATC AAG 47
351 Light Chain Variable Region RASQKISTNLH CDR1 amino acid
sequence Kabat and Chothia 48 351 Light Chain Variable Region
AGGGCCAGTCAGAAAATTAGCACTAACTT CDR1 nucleotide sequence ACAT Kabat
and Chothia 49 351 Light Chain Variable Region YASQTIS CDR2 amino
acid sequence Kabat and Chothia 50 351 Light Chain Variable Region
TATGCTTCCCAGACCATCTCT CDR2 nucleotide sequence Kabat and Chothia 51
351 Light Chain Variable Region QQTNSWPLT CDR3 amino acid sequence
Kabat and Chothia 52 351 Light Chain Variable Region
CAACAGACTAATAGTTGGCCGCTCACG CDR3 nucleotide sequence Kabat and
Chothia 53 90 Heavy Chain Variable Region
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGRSLKLSCLASGFTFS amino acid sequence (kabat CDR
HYGVNWIRQAPGKGLEWIASISRSSSYIYYA underlined)
DTVKGRFTISRDNAKNTLFLQLTSLRSEDTA LYYCAREGQFGDYFEYWGRGVMVTVSS 54 90
Heavy Chain Variable Region GAGGTGCAGCTAGTGGAGTCTGGAGGAG nucleotide
sequence GCTTAGTGCAGCCTGGAAGGTCCCTGAA
ACTCTCCTGTTTAGCCTCTGGATTCACTTT CAGTCACTATGGAGTGAACTGGATTCGCC
AGGCTCCAGGGAAGGGGCTGGAATGGAT TGCATCTATTAGTAGAAGTAGCAGTTACA
TCTACTATGCAGACACAGTGAAGGGCCG ATTCACCATCTCCAGAGACAATGCCAAGA
ACACCCTGTTCCTGCAATTGACCAGTCTG AGGTCTGAAGACACTGCCTTGTATTACTG
TGCAAGAGAGGGGCAATTCGGGGACTAC TTTGAATACTGGGGCCGAGGAGTCATGG
TCACAGTCTCCTCA 55 90 Light Chain Variable Region
DIILTQSPAALSVTPGESISLSCRASQSINTN amino acid sequence (kabat CDR
LHWYQQKPNESPRVLIKYASQTISGIPSRFS underlined)
GSGSGTDFTLNINRVEPEDFSVYYCQQSNS WPLTFGSGTKLEIK 56 90 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCATACTGACTCAGTCTCCAGCTGC nucleotide sequence
CCTGTCTGTAACTCCAGGAGAGAGCATCA GTCTCTCCTGCAGGGCCAGTCAGAGTATT
AACACTAACTTGCATTGGTATCAGCAAAA ACCAAATGAGTCTCCAAGGGTTCTCATCA
AATATGCTTCCCAGACCATCTCTGGAATC CCCTCCAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAG
GGACAGATTTCACTCTCAATATTAACAGA GTAGAGCCTGAAGATTTTTCAGTTTATTAC
TGTCAACAGAGTAATAGCTGGCCGCTCAC GTTCGGTTCTGGGACCAAGCTGGAGATC AAA 57
132 Heavy Chain Variable Region EVQLVESGGGLVQPGRSLKLSCLASGFTFS
amino acid sequence (kabat CDR HYGMNWIRQAPGKGLEWITSITSSSSYIYYA
underlined) DTVKGRFTISRDNAKNTLYLQMTSLRSEDT
ALYYCAREGQFGDYFDYWGQGVMVTVSS 58 132 Heavy Chain Variable Region
GAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGGAGGAG nucleotide sequence
GCTTAGTGCAGCCTGGAAGGTCCCTGAA ACTCTCCTGTTTAGCCTCTGGATTCACTTT
CAGTCACTATGGAATGAACTGGATTCGCC AGGCTCCAGGGAAGGGGCTGGAGTGGAT
TACATCTATTACTAGTAGTAGCAGTTACAT CTACTATGCAGACACAGTGAAGGGCCGA
TTCACCATCTCCAGAGACAATGCCAAGAA CACCCTGTACCTGCAAATGACCAGTCTGA
GGTCTGAAGACACTGCCTTGTATTACTGT GCAAGAGAGGGGCAATTCGGGGACTACT
TTGATTACTGGGGCCAAGGAGTCATGGTC ACAGTCTCCTCA 59 132 Light Chain
Variable Region DIMLTQSPATLSVTPGESISLSCRASQSINT amino acid sequence
(kabat CDR NLHWYQQKPNESPRVLIKYASQTISGIPSRF underlined)
SGSGSGTDFTLNINRVEPEDFSVYYCQQSN SWPLTFGSGTKLEIK 60 132 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCATGCTGACTCAGTCTCCAGCTAC nucleotide sequence
CCTGTCTGTAACTCCAGGAGAGAGCATCA GTCTCTCCTGCAGGGCCAGTCAGAGTATT
AACACTAACTTACATTGGTATCAGCAAAAA CCAAATGAGTCTCCAAGGGTTCTCATCAA
ATATGCTTCCCAGACCATCTCTGGAATCC CCTCCAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGG
GACAGATTTCACTCTCAATATTAACAGAGT AGAGCCTGAAGATTTTTCAGTTTATTACTG
TCAACAGAGTAATAGCTGGCCGCTCACGT TCGGTTCTGGGACCAAGCTGGAGATCAAA 61
132_A12 Heavy Chain Variable EVQLVESGGGLVQPGRSLKLSCLASGFTFS Region
amino acid sequence (kabat HYGMNWIRQAPGKGLEWITSITSSSSYIYYA CDR
underlined) DTVKGRFTISRDNAKNTLYLQMTSLRSEDT
ALYYCAREGQFGDYFDYWGQGVMVTVSS 62 132_A12 Heavy Chain Variable
GAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGGAGGAG Region nucleotide sequence
GCTTAGTGCAGCCTGGAAGGTCCCTGAA ACTCTCCTGTTTAGCCTCTGGATTCACTTT
CAGTCACTATGGAATGAACTGGATTCGCC AGGCTCCAGGGAAGGGGCTGGAGTGGAT
TACATCTATTACTAGTAGTAGCAGTTACAT CTACTATGCAGACACAGTGAAGGGCCGA
TTCACCATCTCCAGAGACAATGCCAAGAA CACCCTGTACCTGCAAATGACCAGTCTGA
GGTCTGAAGACACTGCCTTGTATTACTGT GCAAGAGAGGGGCAATTCGGGGACTACT
TTGATTACTGGGGCCAAGGAGTCATGGTC ACAGTCTCCTCA 63 132_G11 Light Chain
Variable DIMLTQSPATLSVTPGESISLSCRASQSINT Region amino acid sequence
(kabat NLHWYQQKPNESPRVLIKYASQTISGIPSRF CDR underlined)
SGSGSGTDFTLNINRVEPEDFSVYYCQQSN SWPLTFGSGTKLEIK 64 132_G11 Light
Chain Variable GACATCATGCTGACTCAGTCTCCAGCTAC Region nucleotide
sequence CCTGTCTGTAACTCCAGGAGAGAGCATCA
GTCTCTCCTGCAGGGCCAGTCAGAGTATT AACACTAACTTACATTGGTATCAGCAAAAA
CCAAATGAGTCTCCAAGGGTTCTCATCAA ATATGCTTCCCAGACCATCTCTGGAATCC
CCTCCAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAGG GACAGATTTCACTCTCAATATTAACAGAGT
AGAGCCTGAAGATTTTTCAGTTTATTACTG TCAACAGAGTAATAGCTGGCCGCTCACGT
TCGGTTCTGGGACCAAGCTGGAGATCAAA 65 137 Heavy Chain Variable Region
QVQVKESGPGLVQPSQTLSLTCTVSGFSLT amino acid sequence (kabat CDR
SYHVSWVRQPPGKGLEWMGAIWTGGSTA underlined)
YNSLLKSRLSISRDISKSQVFLKMNSLQTED TATYYCARADFYVMDAWGQGASVTVSS 66 137
Heavy Chain Variable Region CAGGTGCAGGTGAAGGAGTCAGGACCTG nucleotide
sequence GTCTGGTGCAGCCCTCACAGACTTTGTCT
CTCACCTGCACTGTCTCTGGGTTCTCACT AACCAGCTATCATGTAAGCTGGGTTCGCC
AGCCTCCAGGAAAAGGTCTGGAGTGGAT GGGAGCAATATGGACTGGTGGAAGCACA
GCATATAATTCACTTCTCAAATCCCGACT GAGCATCAGCAGGGACATCTCCAAGAGC
CAAGTTTTCTTAAAAATGAACAGTCTGCAA ACTGAAGACACAGCCACTTACTACTGTGC CAGAG
CCGATTTCTATGTTATGGATGCCT GGGGTCAAGGAGCTTCAGTCACTGTCTC CTCA 67 137
Light Chain Variable Region DIMLTQSPVTLSVSPGESISLSCRASQSIST amino
acid sequence (kabat CDR DLHWYQQKPNESPRVLIKYGSQTISGIPSRF
underlined) SGSGSGTDFTLNINRVEPEDFSVYYCQQSN SWPWTFGGGTKLELK 68 137
Light Chain Variable Region ACATCATGCTGACTCAGTCTCCAGTTACC
nucleotide sequence CTGTCTGTGTCTCCAGGAGAGAGCATCA
GTCTCTCCTGCAGGGCCAGTCAGAGTATT AGCACTGACTTGCATTGGTATCAGCAAAA
ACCAAATGAGTCTCCAAGGGTTCTCATCA AATATGGTTCCCAGACCATCTCTGGAATC
CCCTCCAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCAG GGACAGATTTCACTCTCAATATTAACAGA
GTAGAGCCTGAAGATTTTTCAGTTTATTAC TGTCAGCAGAGTAATAGCTGGCCATGGA
CATTCGGTGGAGGCACCAAGCTGGAATT GAAA
D. Humanization of Rat 438 and Rat 351
[0191] Rat 438 and rat 351 were humanized and further developed to
provide humanized monoclonal antibodies 438 and 351 (hereinafter
"humanized 438" and "humanized 351", respectively). A human IgG1
heavy chain constant region with 3 mutations in the lower hinge
region (L234A/L235A/G237A), that inactivate hIgG1's effector
functions, and a human kappa light chain constant region were used
as the constant region for the humanized 438 and humanized 351
antibodies. Humanization of rat 438 and rat 351 variable regions
was performed using CDR graft strategy.
[0192] Table 3 provides the amino acid and nucleic acid sequences
of various regions of humanized 438 and humanized 351 variants. The
lead humanized 438 variant was determined to be VH1.1/VL1.8 after
testing. Humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 has a variable heavy chain as
set forth in SEQ ID NO: 71 and a variable light chain as set forth
in SEQ ID NO: 97. For humanized 438 variants, the CDR regions for
variants VH 1.0 and 1.1 are the same and the CDR regions for
variants VL 1.0, 1.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 1.10 and
1.11 are the same. The lead humanized 351 variant was determined to
be VH1.0/VL1.1 after testing. Humanized 351 VH1.0/VL1.1 has a
variable heavy chain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 115 and a variable
light chain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 129. For humanized 351
variants, the CDR regions for variants VL 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4,
1.5, 1.6, and 1.7 are the same.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Humanized 438 and humanized 351 sequences
SEQ ID NO: 69 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTF amino acid (VH1.0)
SSFAMAWVRQAPGKGLEWVASISYGGADT YYRDSVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRA
EDTAVYYCARDLPYYGYTPFVMDAWGQGT LVTVSS 70 438 Heavy Chain Variable
Region GAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGGGGGA nucleotide sequence (VH1.0)
GGCTTGGTCCAGCCTGGGGGGTCCCTGA GACTCTCCTGTGCAGCCTCTGGATTCACC
TTTAGTTCCTTCGCCATGGCCTGGGTCCG CCAGGCTCCAGGGAAGGGGCTGGAGTG
GGTGGCCTCCATCTCCTATGGAGGCGCT GACACCTACTACCGGGACTCCGTGAAGG
GCCGATTCACCATCTCCAGAGACAACGC CAAGAACTCACTGTATCTGCAAATGAACA
GCCTGAGAGCCGAGGACACGGCTGTGTA TTACTGTGCGAGAGATCTGCCCTACTACG
GCTACACCCCCTTCGTGATGGACGCCTG GGGCCAGGGAACCCTGGTCACCGTCTCC TCA 71
438 Heavy Chain Variable Region EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTF amino
acid sequence (VH 1.1) SSFAMAWVRQAPGKGLEWVASISYGGADT
YYRDSVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRA EDTAVYYCAKDLPYYGYTPFVMDAWGQGT LVTVSS
72 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region GAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGGGGGA
nucleotide sequence (VH1.1) GGCTTGGTCCAGCCTGGGGGGTCCCTGA
GACTCTCCTGTGCAGCCTCTGGATTCACC TTTAGTTCCTTCGCCATGGCCTGGGTCCG
CCAGGCTCCAGGGAAGGGGCTGGAGTG GGTGGCCTCCATCTCCTATGGAGGCGCT
GACACCTACTACCGGGACTCCGTGAAGG GCCGATTCACCATCTCCAGAGACAACGC
CAAGAACTCACTGTATCTGCAAATGAACA GCCTGAGAGCCGAGGACACGGCTGTGTA
TTACTGTGCGAAGGATCTGCCCTACTACG GCTACACCCCCTTCGTGATGGACGCCTG
GGGCCAGGGAACCCTGGTCACCGTCTCC TCA 73 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region
SFAMA CDR1 amino acid sequence (VH1.1) Kabat 74 438 Heavy Chain
Variable Region GFTFSSFAMA CDR1 amino acid sequence (VH1.1) Chothia
75 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region TCCTTCGCCATGGCC CDR1 nucleotide
sequence (VH1.1) Kabat 76 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region
GGATTCACCTTTAGTTCCTTCGCCATGGCC CDR1 nucleotide sequence (VH1.1)
Chothia 77 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region SISYGGADTYYRDSVKG CDR2
amino acid sequence (VH1.1) Kabat 78 438 Heavy Chain Variable
Region SYGGAD CDR2 amino acid sequence (VH1.1) Chothia 79 438 Heavy
Chain Variable Region TCCATCTCCTATGGAGGCGCTGACACCTA CDR2 nucleotide
sequence (VH1.1) CTACCGGGACTCCGTGAAGGGC Kabat 80 438 Heavy Chain
Variable Region CCTATGGAGGCGCTGAC CDR2 nucleotide sequence (VH1.1)
Chothia 81 438 Heavy Chain Variable Region DLPYYGYTPFVMDA CDR3
amino acid sequence (VH1.1) Kabat and Chothia 82 438 Heavy Chain
Variable Region GATCTGCCCTACTACGGCTACACCCCCTT CDR3 nucleotide
sequence (VH1.1) CGTGATGGACGCC Kabat and Chotia 83 438 Light Chain
Variable Region DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT amino acid sequence
(VL1.0) DLHWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYFASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 84 438 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGATGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.0) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGCTCCTGAT
CTATTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGGG GTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGAT
CTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGC AGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTA
CTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCCT ACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGGA GATCAAA
85 438 Light Chain Variable Region DIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT
amino acid sequence (VL1.1) DLHWYQQKPGKAPKVLIKFASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 86 438 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGCTGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.1) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGGTGCTGA
TCAAGTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGG GGTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGA
TCTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAG CAGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTT
ACTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCC TACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGG AGATCAAA
87 438 Light Chain Variable Region DIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT
amino acid sequence (VL1.3) DLHWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYFASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 88 438 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGCTGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.3) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGCTCCTGAT
CTATTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGGG GTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGAT
CTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGC AGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTA
CTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCCT ACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGGA GATCAAA
89 438 Light Chain Variable Region DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT
amino acid sequence (VL1.4) DLHWYQQKPGKAPKVLIYFASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 90 438 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGATGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.4) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGGTGCTGA
TCTATTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGGG GTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGAT
CTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGC AGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTA
CTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCCT ACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGGA GATCAAA
91 438 Light Chain Variable Region DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT
amino acid sequence (VL1.5) DLHWYQQKPGKAPKLLIKFASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 92 438 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGATGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.5) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGCTCCTGAT
CAAGTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGGG GTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGAT
CTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGC AGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTA
CTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCCT ACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGGA GATCAAA
93 438 Light Chain Variable Region DIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT
amino acid sequence (VL1.6) DLHWYQQKPGKAPKVLIYFASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 94 438 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGCTGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.6) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGGTGCTGA
TCTATTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGGG GTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGAT
CTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGC AGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTA
CTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCCT ACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGGA GATCAAA
95 438 Light Chain Variable Region DIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT
amino acid sequence (VL1.7) DLHWYQQKPGKAPKLLIKFASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 96 438 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGCTGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.7) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGCTCCTGAT
CAAGTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGGG GTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGAT
CTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGC AGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTA
CTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCCT ACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGGA GATCAAA
97 438 Light Chain Variable Region DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT
amino acid sequence (VL1.8) DLHWYQQKPGKAPKVLIKFASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 98 438 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGATGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.8) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGGTGCTGA
TCAAGTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGG GGTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGA
TCTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAG CAGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTT
ACTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCC TACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGG AGATCAAA
99 438 Light Chain Variable Region RASQRINTDLH CDR1 amino acid
sequence (VL1.8) Kabat and Chothia 100 438 Light Chain Variable
Region CGGGCCTCCCAGCGGATCAACACCGACC CDR1 nucleotide sequence
(VL1.8) TGCAC Kabat and Chothia 101 438 Light Chain Variable Region
FASQTIS CDR2 amino acid sequence (VL1.8) Kabat and Chothia 102 438
Light Chain Variable Region TTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCC CDR2 nucleotide
sequence (VL1.8) Kabat and Chothia 103 438 Light Chain Variable
Region QQSNSWPYT CDR3 amino acid sequence (VL1.8)
Kabat and Chothia 104 438 Light Chain Variable Region
CAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCCTACACC CDR3 nucleotide sequence (VL1.8) Kabat
and Chothia 105 438 Light Chain Variable Region
DIMLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT amino acid sequence (VL1.9)
DLHWYQQKPGKAPKVLIKFASQTISGVPSR FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS
NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 106 438 Light Chain Variable Region
GACATCATGCTGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence (VL1.9)
CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGGTGCTGA
TCAAGTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGG GGTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGA
TCTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAG CAGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTT
ACTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCC TACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGG AGATCAAA
107 438 Light Chain Variable Region DIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT
amino acid sequence (VL1.10) DLHWYQQKPGKAPRVLIKFASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 108 438 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCATGCTGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.10) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAGGGTGCTGA
TCAAGTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGG GGTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGA
TCTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAG CAGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTT
ACTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCC TACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGG AGATCAAA
109 438 Light Chain Variable Region DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT
amino acid sequence (VL1.11) DLHWYQQKPGKAPRVLIKFASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 110 438 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGATGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.11) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAGGGTGCTGA
TCAAGTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGG GGTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGA
TCTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAG CAGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTT
ACTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCC TACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGG AGATCAAA
111 438 Heavy Chain amino acid EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTF
sequence (VH1.1)-hIgG1-3M (CDRs SSFAMAWVRQAPGKGLEWVASISYGGADT
underlined) YYRDSVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRA
EDTAVYYCAKDLPYYGYTPFVMDAWGQGT LVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSGGTAA
LGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFP AVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNV
NHKPSNTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPA PEAAGAPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCV
VVDVSHEDPEVKFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKP REEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYK
CKVSNKALPAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTL PPSREEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEW
ESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLT VDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQK
SLSLSPGK 112 438 Heavy Chain nucleotide GAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGGGGGA
sequence (VH1.1)-hIgG1-3M GGCTTGGTCCAGCCTGGGGGGTCCCTGA
GACTCTCCTGTGCAGCCTCTGGATTCACC TTTAGTTCCTTCGCCATGGCCTGGGTCCG
CCAGGCTCCAGGGAAGGGGCTGGAGTG GGTGGCCTCCATCTCCTATGGAGGCGCT
GACACCTACTACCGGGACTCCGTGAAGG GCCGATTCACCATCTCCAGAGACAACGC
CAAGAACTCACTGTATCTGCAAATGAACA GCCTGAGAGCCGAGGACACGGCTGTGTA
TTACTGTGCGAAGGATCTGCCCTACTACG GCTACACCCCCTTCGTGATGGACGCCTG
GGGCCAGGGAACCCTGGTCACCGTCTCC TCAGCGTCGACCAAGGGCCCATCGGTCT
TCCCCCTGGCACCCTCCTCCAAGAGCAC CTCTGGGGGCACAGCGGCCCTGGGCTG
CCTGGTCAAGGACTACTTCCCCGAACCG GTGACGGTGTCGTGGAACTCAGGCGCCC
TGACCAGCGGCGTGCACACCTTCCCGGC TGTCCTACAGTCCTCAGGACTCTACTCCC
TCAGCAGCGTGGTGACCGTGCCCTCCAG CAGCTTGGGCACCCAGACCTACATCTGC
AACGTGAATCACAAGCCCAGCAACACCAA GGTGGACAAGAAAGTTGAGCCCAAATCTT
GTGACAAAACTCACACATGCCCACCGTGC CCAGCACCTGAAGCCGCTGGGGCACCGT
CAGTCTTCCTCTTCCCCCCAAAACCCAAG GACACCCTCATGATCTCCCGGACCCCTG
AGGTCACATGCGTGGTGGTGGACGTGAG CCACGAAGACCCTGAGGTCAAGTTCAACT
GGTACGTGGACGGCGTGGAGGTGCATAA TGCCAAGACAAAGCCGCGGGAGGAGCAG
TACAACAGCACGTACCGTGTGGTCAGCG TCCTCACCGTCCTGCACCAGGACTGGCT
GAATGGCAAGGAGTACAAGTGCAAGGTC TCCAACAAAGCCCTCCCAGCCCCCATCG
AGAAAACCATCTCCAAAGCCAAAGGGCA GCCCCGAGAACCACAGGTGTACACCCTG
CCCCCATCCCGGGAGGAGATGACCAAGA ACCAGGTCAGCCTGACCTGCCTGGTCAA
AGGCTTCTATCCCAGCGACATCGCCGTG GAGTGGGAGAGCAATGGGCAGCCGGAG
AACAACTACAAGACCACGCCTCCCGTGCT GGACTCCGACGGCTCCTTCTTCCTCTATA
GCAAGCTCACCGTGGACAAGAGCAGGTG GCAGCAGGGGAACGTCTTCTCATGCTCC
GTGATGCATGAGGCTCTGCACAACCACTA CACGCAGAAGAGCCTCTCCCTGTCCCCG GGTAAA
113 438 Light Chain amino acid DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINT
sequence (VL1.8)-hkappa (CDRs DLHWYQQKPGKAPKVLIKFASQTISGVPSR
underlined) FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQS
NSWPYTFGQGTKLEIKRTVAAPSVFIFPPSD EQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVD
NALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLSSTLTL SKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNR GEC
114 438 Light Chain nucleotide sequence
GACATCATGCTGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC (VL1.8)-hkappa
CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGCGGAT
CAACACCGACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAG AAACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAGGGTGCTGA
TCAAGTTCGCCAGCCAGACCATCTCCGG GGTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGA
TCTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAG CAGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTT
ACTACTGTCAGCAGTCCAACTCCTGGCCC TACACCTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGG
AGATCAAACGAACTGTGGCTGCACCATCT GTCTTCATCTTCCCGCCATCTGATGAGCA
GTTGAAATCTGGAACTGCCTCTGTTGTGT GCCTGCTGAATAACTTCTATCCCAGAGAG
GCCAAAGTACAGTGGAAGGTGGATAACG CCCTCCAATCGGGTAACTCCCAGGAGAG
TGTCACAGAGCAGGACAGCAAGGACAGC ACCTACAGCCTCAGCAGCACCCTGACGC
TGAGCAAAGCAGACTACGAGAAACACAAA GTCTACGCCTGCGAAGTCACCCATCAGG
GCCTGAGCTCGCCCGTCACAAAGAGCTT CAACAGGGGAGAGTGT 115 351 Heavy Chain
Variable Region EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTF amino acid (VH1.0)
SHYGMNWVRQAPGKGLEWVASISRSGSYI RYVDTVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRA
EDTAVYYCAREGQFGDYFEYWGQGTLVTV SS 116 351 Heavy Chain Variable
Region GAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGGGGGA nucleotide sequence (VH1.0)
GGCTTGGTCCAGCCTGGGGGGTCCCTGA GACTCTCCTGTGCAGCCTCTGGATTCACC
TTTAGTCACTACGGCATGAACTGGGTCCG CCAGGCTCCAGGGAAGGGGCTGGAGTG
GGTGGCCTCCATCTCCAGATCCGGCTCC TACATCAGATACGTGGACACCGTGAAGG
GCCGATTCACCATCTCCAGAGACAACGC CAAGAACTCACTGTATCTGCAAATGAACA
GCCTGAGAGCCGAGGACACGGCTGTGTA TTACTGTGCGAGAGAGGGCCAGTTCGGC
GACTACTTCGAGTACTGGGGCCAGGGAA CCCTGGTCACCGTCTCCTCA 117 351 Heavy
Chain Variable Region HYGMN CDR1 amino acid sequence (VH1.0) Kabat
118 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region GFTFSHYGMN CDR1 amino acid
sequence (VH1.0) Chothia 119 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region
CACTATGGAATGAAC CDR1 nucleotide sequence (VH1.0) Kabat 120 351
Heavy Chain Variable Region GGATTCACTTTCAGTCACTATGGAATGAAC CDR1
nucleotide sequence (VH1.0) Chothia 121 351 Heavy Chain Variable
Region SISRSGSYIRYVDTVKG CDR2 amino acid sequence (VH1.0) Kabat 122
351 Heavy Chain Variable Region SRSGSY CDR2 amino acid sequence
(VH1.0) Chothia 123 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region
TCTATTAGTAGGAGTGGCAGTTACATCCG CDR2 nucleotide sequence (VH1.0)
CTATGTAGACACAGTGAAGGGC Kabat 124 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region
AGTAGGAGTGGCAGTTAC CDR2 nucleotide sequence (VH 1.0) Chothia 125
351 Heavy Chain Variable Region EGQFGDYFEY CDR3 amino acid sequence
(VH 1.0) Kabat and Chothia 126 351 Heavy Chain Variable Region
GAGGGACAATTCGGGGACTACTTTGAGTAC CDR3 nucleotide sequence (VH 1.0)
Kabat and Chotia 127 351 Light Chain Variable Region
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQKIST amino acid sequence (VL1.0)
NLHWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYYASQTISGVPSR FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQT
NSWPLTFGGGTKVEIK 128 351 Light Chain Variable Region
GACATCCAGATGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence (VL1.0)
CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGAAGAT
CTCCACCAACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAGA AACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGCTCCTGAT
CTATTACGCCTCTCAGACCATCTCCGGGG TCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCT
GGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGCAG TCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTACTA
CTGTCAGCAGACCAACTCCTGGCCCCTG ACCTTCGGCGGAGGGACCAAGGTGGAGA TCAAA 129
351 Light Chain Variable Region DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQKIST
amino acid sequence (VL1.1) NLHWYQQKPGKAPKILIKYASQTISGVPSRF
SGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQTN SWPLTFGGGTKVEIK 130 351 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGATGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.1) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGAAGAT
CTCCACCAACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAGA AACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGATCCTGATC
AAGTACGCCTCTCAGACCATCTCCGGGG TCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCT
GGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGCAG
TCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTACTA CTGTCAGCAGACCAACTCCTGGCCCCTG
ACCTTCGGCGGAGGGACCAAGGTGGAGA TCAAA 131 351 Light Chain Variable
Region RASQKISTNLH CDR1 amino acid sequence (VL1.1) Kabat and
Chothia 132 351 Light Chain Variable Region
AGGGCCAGTCAGAAAATTAGCACTAACTT CDR1 nucleotide sequence (VL1.1) ACAT
Kabat and Chothia 133 351 Light Chain Variable Region YASQTIS CDR2
amino acid sequence (VL1.1) Kabat and Chothia 134 351 Light Chain
Variable Region TATGCTTCCCAGACCATCTCT CDR2 nucleotide sequence
(VL1.1) Kabat and Chothia 135 351 Light Chain Variable Region
QQTNSWPLTT CDR3 amino acid sequence (VL1.1) Kabat and Chothia 136
351 Light Chain Variable Region CAACAGACTAATAGTTGGCCGCTCACG CDR3
nucleotide sequence (VL1.1) Kabat and Chothia 137 351 Light Chain
Variable Region DIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQKIST amino acid sequence
(VL1.2) NLHWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYYASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQT NSWPLTFGGGTKVEIK 138 351 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGCTGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.2) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGAAGAT
CTCCACCAACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAGA AACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGCTCCTGAT
CTATTACGCCTCTCAGACCATCTCCGGGG TCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCT
GGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGCAG TCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTACTA
CTGTCAGCAGACCAACTCCTGGCCCCTG ACCTTCGGCGGAGGGACCAAGGTGGAGA TCAAA 139
351 Light Chain Variable Region DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQKIST
amino acid sequence (VL1.3) NLHWYQQKPGKAPKILIYYASQTISGVPSRF
SGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQTN SWPLTFGGGTKVEIK 140 351 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGATGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.3) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGAAGAT
CTCCACCAACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAGA AACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGATCCTGATC
TATTACGCCTCTCAGACCATCTCCGGGGT CCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCT
GGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGCAG TCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTACTA
CTGTCAGCAGACCAACTCCTGGCCCCTG ACCTTCGGCGGAGGGACCAAGGTGGAGA TCAAA 141
351 Light Chain Variable Region DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQKIST
amino acid sequence (VL1.4) NLHWYQQKPGKAPKLLIKYASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQT NSWPLTFGGGTKVEIK 142 351 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGATGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.4) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGAAGAT
CTCCACCAACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAGA AACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGCTCCTGAT
CAAGTACGCCTCTCAGACCATCTCCGGG GTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGAT
CTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGC AGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTA
CTACTGTCAGCAGACCAACTCCTGGCCC CTGACCTTCGGCGGAGGGACCAAGGTGG AGATCAAA
143 351 Light Chain Variable Region DIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQKIST
amino acid sequence (VL1.5) NLHWYQQKPGKAPKILIYYASQTISGVPSRF
SGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQTN SWPLTFGGGTKVEIK 144 351 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGCTGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.5) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGAAGAT
CTCCACCAACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAGA AACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGATCCTGATC
TATTACGCCTCTCAGACCATCTCCGGGGT CCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCT
GGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGCAG TCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTACTA
CTGTCAGCAGACCAACTCCTGGCCCCTG ACCTTCGGCGGAGGGACCAAGGTGGAGA TCAAA 145
351 Light Chain Variable Region DIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQKIST
amino acid sequence (VL1.6) NLHWYQQKPGKAPKLLIKYASQTISGVPSR
FSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQT NSWPLTFGGGTKVEIK 146 351 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGCTGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.6) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGAAGAT
CTCCACCAACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAGA AACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGCTCCTGAT
CAAGTACGCCTCTCAGACCATCTCCGGG GTCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGAT
CTGGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGC AGTCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTA
CTACTGTCAGCAGACCAACTCCTGGCCC CTGACCTTCGGCGGAGGGACCAAGGTGG AGATCAAA
147 351 Light Chain Variable Region DIQLTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQKIST
amino acid sequence (VL1.7) NLHWYQQKPGKAPKILIKYASQTISGVPSRF
SGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQTN SWPLTFGGGTKVEIK 148 351 Light Chain
Variable Region GACATCCAGCTGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC nucleotide sequence
(VL1.7) CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGAAGAT
CTCCACCAACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAGA AACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGATCCTGATC
AAGTACGCCTCTCAGACCATCTCCGGGG TCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCT
GGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGCAG TCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTACTA
CTGTCAGCAGACCAACTCCTGGCCCCTG ACCTTCGGCGGAGGGACCAAGGTGGAGA TCAAA 149
351 Heavy Chain amino acid EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTF sequence
(VH1.0)-hIgG1-3M (CDRs SHYGMNWVRQAPGKGLEWVASISRSGSYI underlined)
RYVDTVKGRFTISRDNAKNSLYLQMNSLRA EDTAVYYCAREGQFGDYFEYWGQGTLVTV
SSASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSGGTAALGCL VKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQ
SSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHK PSNTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPEAA
GAPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDV SHEDPEVKFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQ
YNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVS NKALPAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSR
EEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNG QPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKS
RWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLS PGK 150 351 Heavy Chain nucleotide
GAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGGGGGA sequence (VH1.0)-hIgG1-3M
GGCTTGGTCCAGCCTGGGGGGTCCCTGA GACTCTCCTGTGCAGCCTCTGGATTCACC
TTTAGTCACTACGGCATGAACTGGGTCCG CCAGGCTCCAGGGAAGGGGCTGGAGTG
GGTGGCCTCCATCTCCAGATCCGGCTCC TACATCAGATACGTGGACACCGTGAAGG
GCCGATTCACCATCTCCAGAGACAACGC CAAGAACTCACTGTATCTGCAAATGAACA
GCCTGAGAGCCGAGGACACGGCTGTGTA TTACTGTGCGAGAGAGGGCCAGTTCGGC
GACTACTTCGAGTACTGGGGCCAGGGAA CCCTGGTCACCGTCTCCTCA 151 351 Light
Chain amino acid DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQKIST sequence
(VL1.1)-hkappa (CDRs NLHWYQQKPGKAPKILIKYASQTISGVPSRF underlined)
SGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQTN SWPLTFGGGTKVEIKRTVAAPSVFIFPPSDE
QLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVDN ALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLSSTLTLS
KADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNR GEC 152 351 Light Chain nucleotide
sequence GACATCCAGATGACCCAGTCTCCATCCTC (VL1.1)-hkappa
CCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAGACAGAGTCA CCATCACTTGCCGGGCCTCCCAGAAGAT
CTCCACCAACCTGCACTGGTATCAGCAGA AACCAGGGAAAGCCCCTAAGATCCTGATC
AAGTACGCCTCTCAGACCATCTCCGGGG TCCCATCAAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGATCT
GGGACAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCAGCAG TCTGCAACCTGAAGATTTTGCAACTTACTA
CTGTCAGCAGACCAACTCCTGGCCCCTG ACCTTCGGCGGAGGGACCAAGGTGGAGA TCAAA
[0193] cDNAs containing human acceptor framework, DP54 for heavy
chain and DPK9 for light chain, with relevant CDR donor sequences
were synthesized by GeneArt, AG. Synthesized cDNA products were
subcloned and fused in frame with human IgG1-3m constant region for
the heavy chain, or human kappa for the light chain in mammalian
expression vectors pSMED2 and pSMN2, respectively. Alignment of the
VHs and VLs of human acceptor framework, rat 438 and humanized 438
variants, along with rat 351 and humanized 351 variants are shown
in Table 4 below. The CDRs of Kabat scheme are underlined. For
351VH and 351VL, the lower case text in framework region indicates
the difference in residues between rat 351 and humanized 351
variants.
[0194] There is significant homology between human acceptor
framework and that of rat 438 variable region, 78% for VH and 61%
for VL. Also, there is significant homology between human acceptor
framework and rat 351 variable regions, 76% for VH and 61% for
VL.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Alignment of human acceptor framework, rat
438 and humanized 438 variants, along with rat 351 and humanized
351 variants. (CDRs of Kabat scheme are underlined) 438VH: DP54_JH4
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSYWMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVANIKQDGSEKYYVDSVK-
GRFTISRDNAKNSLY 80 Rat438VH
AVQLVESGGGLVQPGRSLKLSCTASGFTFSSFAMAWVRQAPTKGLEWVASISYGGADTYYRDSVK-
GRFTISRDNAKSSLY 80 438VH1.0
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFAMAWVRQAPGKGLEWVASISYGGADTYYRDSVK-
GRFTISRDNAKNSLY 80 438VH1.1
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSFAMAWVRQAPGKGLEWVASISYGGADTYYRDSVK-
GRFTISRDNAKNSLY 80 DP54_JH4
LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCAR---YFDY-------WGQGTLVTVSS 113 Rat438VH
LQMDSLRSEDTSTYYCAKDLPYYGYTPFVMDAWGQGTSVTVSS 123 438VH1.0
LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCARDLPYYGYTPFVMDAWGQGTLVTVSS 123 438VH1.1
LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCAKDLPYYGYTPFVMDAWGQGTLVTVSS 123 438VL: DPK9_Jk2
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQSISSYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYAASSLQSGVPSRFSGS-
GSGTDFTLTISSLQP 80 Rat438VL
DIMLTQSPPTLSVTPGETISLSCRASQRINTDLHWYQQKPNESPRVLIKFASQTISGVPSRFSGS-
GSGTDFTLNINRVEP 80 438VL1.0
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINTDLHWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYFASQTISGVPSRFSGS-
GSGTDFTLTISSLQP 80 438VL1.8
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINTDLHWYQQKPGKAPKVLIKFASQTISGVPSRFSGS-
GSGTDFTLTISSLQP 80 DPK9_Jk2 EDFATYYCQQSYSTPYTFGQGTKLEIK 107
Rat438VL EDFSVYYCQQSNSWPYTFGAGTKLELK 107 438VL1.0
EDFATYYCQQSNSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 107 438VL1.8
EDFATYYCQQSNSWPYTFGQGTKLEIK 107 351VH: DP54_JH4
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGgSLrlSCaASGFTFSSYWMSWvRQAPGKGLeWVANIKQDGSEKYYVDSVK-
GRFTLSRDnAKNsLY 80 Rat351VH
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGRSLKVSCLASGFTFSHYGMNWIRQAPGKGLDWVASISRSGSYIRYVDTVK-
GRFTVSRDIAKNTLY 80 351VH1.0
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSHYGMNWVRQAPGKGLEWVASISRSGSYIRYVDTVK-
GRFTISRDNAKNSLY 80 DP54_JH4
LQMnSLRaEDTAvYYCAR-------YFDYWGQGtlVTVSS 113 Rat351VH
LQMTSLRSEDTALYYCAREGQFGDYFEYWGQGVMVTVSS 119 351VH1.0
LQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCAREGQFGDYFEYWGQGTLVTVSS 119 351VL: DPK9_Jk4
DIqmTQSPssLSasvGdRvtitCRASQSISSYLNWYQQKPgkaPklLIYAASSLQSGvPSRFSGS-
GSGTDFTLtIsslqP 80 Rat351VL
DIMLTQSPATLSVTPGERISLSCRASQKISTNLHWYQQKPNESPRILIKYASQTISGIPSRFSGS-
GSGTDFTLHINTVEP 80 351VL1.0
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQKISTNLHWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYYASQTISGVPSRFSGS-
GSGTDFTLTISSLQP 80 351VL1.1
DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQKISTNLHWYQQKPGKAPKILIKYASQTISGVPSRFSGS-
GSGTDFTLTISSLQP 80 DPK9_Jk4 EDFatYYCQQSYSTPLTFGgGTKvEIK 107
Rat351VL EDFSVYYCQQTNSWPLTFGSGTKLEIK 107 351VL1.0
EDFATYYCQQTNSWPLTFGGGTKVEIK 107 351VL1.1
EDFATYYCQQTNSWPLTFGGGTKVEIK 107
[0195] During humanization, CDR grafted antibodies may result in a
loss of activity of the original antibody. Differences in the
framework region may account for the altered conformation of the
resulting humanized 438 and humanized 351 antibodies, and selected
back mutations in the human acceptor framework to that of original
antibody were introduced to recover the activity and binding
epitope. Table 5 shows selected back mutations in the human
acceptor framework to rat 438 and rat 351 residues at the
corresponding positions to optimize the activity and binding
epitope.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Back mutations in VH and VL of humanized 438
and humanized 351 variants. 438 VH Variant 1.0 1.1 VH back none
R94K mutation 438 VL Variant 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 VL
back none M4L M4L L46V Y49K M4L M4L L46V Q3M mutation L46V L46V
Y49K Y49K M4L Y49K L46V Y49K 351 VH Variant 1.0 VH back none
mutation 351 VL Variant 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 VL back
none L46V M4L L46I Y49K M4L M4L M4L mutation Y49K L46I Y49K L46V
Y49K
Example 3
Characterization of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies
A. Expression and Binding to Notch1
[0196] Relative expression yields of humanized 438 and humanized
351 variants were tested in a transient expression assay in COS
cells. As shown in Table 6, a number of humanized 438 variants,
including humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8, and a number of humanized 351
variants, including humanized 351 VH1.0/VL1.1, demonstrated
significant yields.
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Relative expression yields in conditioned
media of humanized 438 variants and humanized 351 variants in
transient expression in COS cells. 438 VH1.0/ VH1.0/ VH1.0/ VH1.0/
VH1.0/ VH1.0/ VH1.0/ VH1.0/ VH1.0/ Variant VL1.3 VL1.4 VL1.5 VL1.6
VL1.7 VL1.8 VL1.9 VL1.10 1.11 438 Yield 41.51 41.63 85.73 35.11
36.94 40.08 51.9 62.58 45.86 (.mu.g/ml) 438 VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/
VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ Variant VL1.3 VL1.4 VL1.5
VL1.6 VL1.7 VL1.8 VL1.9 VL1.10 VL1.11 438 Yield 23.2 49.47 65.93
47.72 31.95 66.65 14.12 36.7 37.54 (.mu.g/ml) 351 VH1.0/ VH1.0/
VH1.0/ VH1.0/ VH1.0/ VH1.0/ VH1.0/ VH1.0/ Variant VL1.0 VL1.1 VL1.2
VL1.3 VL1.4 VL1.5 VL1.6 VL1.7 351 Yield 33.5 26.66 24.52 25.1 35.20
29.25 28.93 33.54 (.mu.g/ml)
[0197] Total expression levels of IgGs in conditioned media were
measured by quantitative IgG ELISA, as described in Example 2.
Table 7 shows EC50 (nM) values calculated from cell surface Notch1
binding ELISAs for humanized 438 variants and rat 438, along with
humanized 351 variants and rat 351.
[0198] The data demonstrates that multiple variants of humanized
438, including humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8, are similar to rat 438 in
binding to full-length human Notch1 expressed on the cell surface
of U-2 OS cells. Furthermore, Table 7 shows that both humanized 438
VH1.1/VL1.8 and VH1.1/VL1.3 fully retained rat 438's
cross-reactivity to mouse Notch1 expressed on the cell surface of
U-2 OS cells.
[0199] The data further demonstrates that humanized 351 VH1.0/VL1.1
and VH1.1/VL1.4, are similar to rat 351 in binding to full-length
human Notch1 expressed on the cell surface of U-2 OS cells. Table 7
further shows that humanized 351 VH1.0/VL1.1 and VH1.1/VL1.4 fully
retained rat 351's cross-reactivity to mouse Notch1 expressed on
the cell surface of U-2 OS cells.
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 EC50 (nM) values of cell surface Notch1
binding ELISAs for humanized 438 variants and rat 438, along with
humanized 351 variants and rat 351. EC50 (nM) Antibody VH1.0/
VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ Rat 438 VL1.1 VL1.0 VL1.1
VL1.3 VL1.5 VL1.8 VL1.9 Human 0.2132 0.305 0.2956 0.1773 0.1516
0.2189 0.2025 0.1776 Notch1 Mouse 0.1725 0.2287 0.1437 0.1291
0.09337 0.1457 0.1489 0.1374 Notch1 Antibody VH1.0/ VH1.0/ Rat 351
VL1.1 VL1.4 Human 0.10 0.15 0.10 Notch1 Mouse 0.07 0.08 0.07
Notch1
B. Competition ELISA
[0200] Competition ELISAs between humanized 438 variants and
biotinylated rat 438, along with humanized 351 variants and
biotinylated rat 351, on recombinant or cell surface expressed full
length human Notch1 was performed. In a similar manner as described
for recombinant protein or cell based ELISAs, 96 well cell culture
plates were either coated with Notch1 NRR-Avi_His protein (hi-bound
co-Star plates), or seeded with full length Notch1 expressing U-2
OS cells (cell culture plate, Co-star), respectively. Serially
diluted (1:3 in blocking buffer) antibody solutions or cell culture
conditioned media, in the presence of 0.8 nM of biotinylated rat
438 or biotinylated rat 351 antibody were applied to the plate.
[0201] After incubation for 2 hours, the plates were washed, as
described above, and HRP-conjugated streptavidin (Southern Biotech)
diluted 1:5000 in blocking buffer was applied. Incubation with
streptavidin was allowed for 30 min before the plates were washed
again and developed with TMB solution for 10 minutes. Developing
reaction was stopped by adding 0.18M H.sub.2SO.sub.4 and absorbance
at 450 nM was measured. Data plotting and analyses were performed
with Microsoft Excel and Graphpad-Prizm software.
[0202] Table 8 shows EC50 (nM) values of competition ELISA of
humanized 438 variants with biotinylated rat 438 antibody for
binding to recombinant human Notch1 NRR immunogen. The data shows
that multiple variants of humanized 438, including humanized 438
VH1.1/VL1.8, had EC50 values similar to the unlabelled rat 438 in
the competition ELISA. This demonstrates that the humanized 438
variants compete as well as unlabelled rat 438 with biotinylated
rat 438 for the binding to Notch1 NRR immunogen. These results
indicate that humanized 438 variants bind to the same or similar
epitope on the immunogen as the rat 438 antibody.
[0203] Table 8 further shows EC50 (nM) values of the competition
ELISA of humanized 438 variants with biotinylated rat 438 antibody
for binding to full-length human Notch1 expressed on the cell
surface of U-2 OS cells. The data shows that multiple variants of
humanized 438, including humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8, had EC50 values
similar to the unlabelled rat 438 in the competition ELISA. This
demonstrates that the humanization 438 variants compete as well as
unlabelled rat 438 with biotinylated rat 438 for the binding to
full length human Notch1 expressed on cell surface of U-2 OS cells.
These results indicate that humanized 438 variants bind to the same
or similar epitope on full-length human Notch1 expressed on the
cell surface of U-2 OS cells as the rat 438 antibody.
TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 EC50 (nM) values of competition ELISAs
between humanized 438 variants and biotinylated rat 438 on
recombinant or cell surface expressed full-length human Notch1
Antibody Rat 438- VH1.0/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.0/ VH1.1/
VH1.1/ Rat 438- mIgG VL1.1 VL1.0 VL1.1 VL1.3 VL1.9 VL1.8 VL1.8
VL1.5 hIgG Recombinant 1.5 0.7 1.1 0.6 2.5 0.4 2.1 1.2 7.0 2.1
human Notch 1 Cell surface 3.6 4.0 2.8 2.4 2.8 2.2 11.6 3.2 3.3 4.4
full-length human Notch 1
[0204] Table 9 shows EC50 (nM) values of the competition ELISA of
humanized 351 variants and biotinylated rat 351 antibody for
binding to full-length human Notch1 expressed on the cell surface
of U-2 OS cells. The data shows that multiple variants of humanized
351, including humanized 351 VH1.0/VL1.1, had EC50 values similar
to the unlabelled rat 351 in the competition ELISA. This
demonstrates that humanized 351 variants compete as well as
unlabelled rat 351 with biotinylated rat 351 for the binding to
full length human Notch1 expressed on cell surface. These results
indicate that humanized 351 variants bind to the same, or similar,
epitope on full length human Notch1 expressed on the cell surface
of U-2 OS cells as the rat 351 antibody.
TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 EC50 (nM) values of competition ELISAs
between humanized 351 variants and biotinylated rat 351 on cell
surface expressed full-length human Notch1 VH1.0/ VH1.0/ Anti-E.
Antibody Rat 351 VL1.1 VL1.4 Tenella Cell surface 4.43 2.75 2.11
non- full-length competing human Notch1
C. Specificity of Binding to Other Human Notch Homologues
[0205] Other members of the Notch receptor family play important
roles in biological processes. For example, Notch2 deficiency leads
to embryonic death in mouse models. In contrast, Notch3 deficiency
leads to only mild phenotype in distal arteries and Notch4
deficiency results in no detectable phenotype in mouse models. The
closest homologues of the Notch1 NRR region are Notch2 and Notch3
(.about.50% homology), and Notch4 is a more distant homologue (34%
homology). Crossreactivity of anti-Notch1 antibodies to other
members of the Notch family, especially Notch2, may lead to
undesired effects in patients. Therefore, the potential
crossreactivity of rat 438 and humanized 438, along with rat 351
and humanized 351 antibodies to other Notch family members were
assessed.
[0206] Expression constructs encoding human Notch2 and Notch3 NRR
regions, fused with human IgG1 Fc fragment were stably introduced
into CHO-PACE cells. Conditioned media from these cells expressing
NRR-Fc fusions were collected. Human Notch2 NRR-Fc and human and
mouse Notch3 NRR-Fc were purified by protein A affinity followed by
size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Purified preparations were
dialysed into TBS with 1 mM CaCl.sub.2 and analyzed on analytical
SEC to be >99% in purity.
[0207] As shown in Table 10, rat 438 lacked detectable binding to
human Notch2 NRR-Fc fusion protein. Further shown in Table 10,
humanized 438 variants lacked detectable binding to full-length
human Notch3 expressed on U-2 OS cell surface, demonstrating that
438 did not cross-react with Notch3.
TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 Binding of rat-mlgG1 and humanized 438
variants to Notch2 NRR-Fc and NotchS U-2 OS cells (N/B represents
non-binding). Binding to Notch2 NRR-Fc Binding to Notch3 U2-OS
cells Rat 438-mlgG1 N/B Rat438-mlgG N/B Humanized 438 VH1.0/VL1.1
N/B A2 N/B Humanized 438VH1.1/VL1.0 N/B Humanized 438VH1.1/VL1.3
N/B Humanized 438VH1.1/VL1.5 N/B Humanized 438VH1.1/VL1.8 N/B
Humanized 438VHH1.1/VL1.9 N/B A2 N/B
[0208] As shown in Table 11, humanized 351 VH1.0/VL1.1 lacked
detectable binding to human Notch2 NRR-Fc fusion protein, and to
both human and mouse Notch3 NRR-Fc fusion proteins. However,
humanized 351 VH1.0/VL1.1 cross-reacted with human, mouse and
cyno-Notch1 NRR.
TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 11 Binding of humanized 351 VH1.0/VL1.1 to
recombinant human, mouse and cyno-Notch1; human Notch2; and human
and mouse Notch3 NRR-Fc fusion proteins (N/B represents
non-binding). IC50 (nM) Human Mouse Cynomulgus Human Human Mouse
Notch1 Notch1 Notch1 Notch2 Notch3 Notch3 NRR-Fc NRR-Fc NRR-Fc
NRR-Fc NRR-Fc NRR-Fc Humanized 351 0.249 0.27 0.26 N/B N/B N/B
VH1.0/VL1.1
D. Binding Affinity to Human Notch1 NRR
[0209] The kinetic constants of the anti-Notch1 NRR interactions
were determined by surface plasmon resonance (Biacore.RTM. T100,
Biacore Inc., Piscataway, N.J.). Flow cells of a CM5 chip were
immobilized with approximately 10,000 Resonance Unit (RU) of
anti-human IgG-Fc (Biacore.RTM.) in 10 mM Glycine, pH 5.0 at 10
.mu.l/min for 600 seconds. 10 .mu.g/ml of anti-Notch1 humanized 438
variants and humanized 351 variants diluted in TBS with 1 mM
CaCl.sub.2 were captured at 10 .mu.l/min. Association of four
concentrations of human Notch1 NRR_Avi_His recombinant protein
(from 3.7-100 nM) and a zero concentration (running buffer) at 100
.mu.l/min were recorded for 3 minutes in TBS with 1 mM CaCl.sub.2.
Dissociation of the complexes was measured for 10 minutes. The
surface of the chip was regenerated by injecting 3M MgCl.sub.2 with
3 mM EGTA for 60 seconds at 10 .mu.l/min. Curves obtained after
subtraction of the reference and buffer signals were fitted to a
1:1 Langmuir binding model with Biacore.RTM. T100 Evaluation
Software (Biacore.RTM.).
[0210] The binding affinity of selected humanized 438 variants and
humanized 351 variants, and A2 antibody (Wu, Y. et al., Nature
464:1052-1057, 2010) to human Notch1 NRR protein was determined and
shown in Table 12. Kinetic analysis by Biacore.RTM. showed similar
ka (on) and kd (off) rates for selected humanized 438 variants,
including VH1.1/VL1.8 and VH1.1/VL1.3, compared to the A2
antibody.
[0211] Kinetic analysis by Biacore.RTM. further showed higher ka
(on) and kd (off) rates for rat 351 and selected humanized 351
variants, including VH1.0/VL1.1 and VH1.1/VL1.4, compared to the A2
antibody. Although the resulting K.sub.D values for rat 351 and
selected humanized 351 variants were similar, the differences
demonstrated in the ka (on) and kd (off) rates may play a role in
the distinct neutralizing activities against Notch1 dependent
signaling described in Examples below.
TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 12 Biacore .RTM. analysis of rat 438 and
humanized 438 variants, along with rat 351 and humanized 351
variants to recombinant human Notch1 NRR protein, in comparison to
control A2 antibody. (N/A represents not applicable). Fold
difference K.sub.D from rat 438 ka (1/Ms) kd (1/s) K.sub.D (M) (nM)
438 Rat 438-hlG1 5.27E+04 2.29E-4 4.34E-09 4.34 1.00 438 VH1.1/
2.42E+05 4.42E-04 1.83E-09 1.83 0.42 VL1.3 438 VH1.1/ 2.14E+05
4.49E-04 2.10E-09 2.10 0.48 VL1.8 438 VH1.0/ 6.05E+04 3.89E-04
6.42E-09 6.4 1.47 VL1.1 438 VH1.1/ 4.74E+04 1.03E-03 2.18E-08 21.8
5.02 VL1.0 438 VH1.1/ 4.37E+04 4.22E-04 9.65E-09 9.6 2.21 VL1.1
Fold difference K.sub.D from rat 351 ka (1/Ms) kd (1/s) K.sub.D (M)
(nM) 351 Rat 351 4.39E+05 1.02E-03 2.33E-09 2.3 1.00 351 V H1.0/
4.92E+05 1.55E-03 3.14E-09 3.1 1.35 VL1.1 351 VH1.0/ 4.58E+05
2.23E-03 4.88E-09 4.9 2.10 VL1.4 A2 1.20E+05 3.53E-04 2.94E-09 2.94
N/A
D. Thermal Stability
[0212] Thermal stability of a protein or protein domain positively
correlates with the stability of the protein or protein domain. A
higher melting point of a protein or protein domain often provides
improved manufacturability and longer shelf life. Differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used for assessing the thermal
stability of humanized 438 variants and rat 438-mIgG1. Protein
samples were diluted in PBS to 0.3 mg/ml in a volume of 250 .mu.l.
The corresponding formulation buffer blank was used for the
reference sample. Both samples were thoroughly degassed using a
MicroCal ThermoVac Sample Degassing and Thermostat (Microcal, Inc.,
Northampton, Mass.) set to 8.degree. C. Samples were dispensed into
the appropriate cells of a MicroCal VP-DSC Capillary Cell
MicroCalorimter (MicroCal, Inc., Northampton, Mass.). Samples were
equilibrated for 4 minutes at 15.degree. C. and then scanned up to
100.degree. C. at a rate of 100.degree. C. per hour. A filtering
period of 20 seconds was selected. Raw data was baseline corrected
and the protein concentration was normalized. Origin Software
(OriginLab Corporation, Northampton, Mass.) was used to fit the
data to an MN2-State Model with an appropriate number of
transitions.
[0213] As shown in Table 13 below, all humanized 438 variants had
higher thermostability, as displayed by higher melting point, in
their Fab region (all above 77.degree. C.) compared to rat
438-mIgG1.
TABLE-US-00013 TABLE 13 Thermal Stability (DSC) analysis of
humanized 438 variants and rat 438-mlgG1. Tm (.degree. C.) CH2 Fab
CH3 .DELTA.T Fab Rat 438- 71.82 81.92 -- mlgG1 VH1.0/VL1.8 75.33
84.65 3.5 VH1.0/VL1.1 73.28 77.34 84.59 5.5 VH1.1/VL1.8 72.90 79.26
85.50 7.4 VH1.1/VL1.1 72.96 80.79 85.84 9.0 VH1.1/VL1.5 71.91 80.97
86.21 9.2 VH1.1/VL1.0 72.79 82.90 11.1 VH1.1/VH1.3 72.84 84.00
12.2
Example 4
Identification of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies Binding
Epitopes on Notch1 NRR
A. Domain Swap Chimeric Constructs
[0214] As described in Example 3, humanized 438 and humanized 351
variants lacked cross-reactivity with the Notch3 protein. Domain
swap chimeric constructs for Notch1 and Notch3 NRR were prepared
for epitope mapping of the anti-Notch1 rat 438-mIgG1, rat 351-mIgG1
and A2 antibodies. Expression constructs encoding human
Notch3-Notch1 (herein termed Notch 3-1) NRR region domain swap
chimera with C-terminal Fc fusion (human IgG1 Fc fragment) were
individually transfected into CHO-PACE and stable pools expressing
each chimera were established. Conditioned media from each stable
pool were applied to protein A affinity chromatography, followed by
size exclusion chromatography (SEC) for the purification of the
chimeric fusion protein. Purified preparations were then dialysed
into TBS with 1 mM CaCl.sub.2 and analyzed on analytical SEC. FIG.
2 shows recombinant human Notch1 NRR and Notch3 NRR domain swap
chimeric constructs for epitope mapping rat 351-mIgG1, rat
438-mIgG1 and A2. As shown in FIG. 2, the recombinant NRR chimeric
proteins consist of various Notch3 (shown in grey) and Notch1
(shown in black) domains fused to human Fc (not shown).
[0215] Relative binding capacities of rat 438-mIgG1 and rat
351-mIgG1 to Notch 3-1 NRR domain swap chimeras were tested with
Biacore.RTM. SPR technology and the relative Resonance Units (RU)
binding capacity of the antibody being tested. The binding of rat
438-mIgG1 and rat 351-mIgG1 to Notch 3-1 NRR chimeras by SPR was
determined by surface plasmon resonance (Biacore.RTM. 3000, BIAcore
Inc., Piscataway, N.J.). Flow cells of a CM5 chip were immobilized
with approximately 10,000 RU each of anti-murine IgG (goat) and
goat IgG as a control in 10 mM Glycine, pH 5.0 at 10 .mu.l/min for
600 seconds. Rat 438-mIgG1 and rat 351-mIgG1 antibodies diluted to
1 .mu.g/ml in HBS-P with 0.1 mM CaCl.sub.2 were captured at 10
.mu.l/min for 300 seconds. Approximate capture for each antibody
was 150 RU (response 1). Next, 10 .mu.g/ml Notch 3-1 NRR chimeras
were injected at 10 .mu.l/ml for 300 seconds in the same buffer on
the captured rat 438-mIgG1 and rat 351-mIgG1 antibodies and the
captured Notch 3-1 NRR was measured (response 2). Dissociation of
the complexes after each cycle was achieved using 10 mM Ac pH 1.5
at 30 .mu.l/min for 20 seconds.
[0216] As shown in FIG. 2, the epitope binding profile of rat
438-mIgG1 and rat 351-mIgG1 to domains of Notch1 NRR are distinct
from the binding profile of A2 to domains of Notch1 NRR. More
specifically, the binding of A2 to the NRR is more dependent on the
LNR-B domain than rat 438-mIgG1. In addition, the binding of rat
351-mIgG1 to the Notch1 NRR is less dependent on the LNR-A and
LNR-B domains compared to A2. The differences in domain binding
profiles, combined with more detailed information on the
differences in the contact residues in Notch1 NRR, and the distinct
orientation of the Notch1 NRR in association with rat 438-mIgG1 and
A2, as revealed by co-crystal structures described below,
demonstrates that rat 438-mIgG1 interacts with Notch1 NRR in a
different manner than A2.
B. X-Ray Crystallographic Analysis
[0217] Rat 438 and rat 351 were expressed and purified as described
above in Example 2. Fab (antigen-binding fragment) was generated
from rat 438 and rat 351 using the PIERCE Fab Preparation Kit
(immobilized papain), product #44685. Rat 438 and rat 351 were
incubated with immobilized papain for 24 hours at 37.degree. C. The
Fab was purified by desalting with a ZEBA column (PIERCE)
equilibrated with 50 mM Tris pH 8.0. The Fab was collected in the
flow-through from Q FF column equilibrated with 50 mM Tris pH
8.0.
[0218] The resulting Fab fragment was mixed with the human Notch1
NRR protein at a molar ratio of 1:1.2 with the addition of 0.9 mM
CaCl.sub.2 and incubated on ice for 30 minutes before purification
on an S200 size exclusion column equilibrated with 25 mM Tris pH
8.0, 150 mM NaCl, and 0.9 mM CaCl.sub.2. Fractions from the
predominant peak containing the Fab:NRR complex were pooled and
concentrated to 11 mg/ml using a 10 K.sub.D cutoff VIVASPIN HY
concentrator (Sartorius). The Fab:NRR complex was crystallized
using the hanging drop vapor diffusion method.
[0219] For rat 438, limited proteolysis of the complex using
chymotrypsin was required in order to obtain crystals. The complex
was first mixed with chymotrypsin to a final concentration of 2
ug/ml and then combined with an equal volume of well solution
consisting of 100 mM sodium cacodylate pH 5.5, 14-20% PEG 8000,
100-200 mM calcium acetate. Crystals appeared within a week and
continued to grow for 3 weeks. For rat 351, the complex was
combined with an equal volume of well solution consisting of 20%
PEG 3350, 200 mM sodium sulfate. Crystals appeared after one week
and continued to grow for 3 weeks.
[0220] Crystals were cryo-protected by swiping through well
solution with the addition of 25% glycerol. X-ray data was
collected at SER-CAT beamline 22BM for rat 438 and 22ID for rat 351
at the Advanced Photon Source and processed to a resolution of 2.6
Angstrom using the HKL-2000 (HKL Software) software package. The
structure was solved by molecular replacement using Phaser
software. The search models were taken from pdb id 3L95 for the
Notch1 NRR, 2HRP for the heavy chain and 1 xgp for the light chain
of rat 438, and 1 BM3 for the heavy chain and 3L95 for the light
chain of rat 351. The resulting model was rebuilt and refined using
coot and BUSTER (Global Phasing, Ltd.) including soft NCS
restraints. The structure was validated using molprobity. Residues
involved in interactions were determined using the pymol and
PISA.
[0221] A structural view of the rat 438 epitope on the human Notch1
NRR is shown in FIG. 3. and the rat 351 epitope on the human Notch1
NRR is shown in FIG. 4. A similar X-ray crystallographic analysis
was completed using published data for the A2 antibody and FIG. 5
shows the structural view of the A2 epitope on the human Notch1
NRR. For FIGS. 3-5, amino acid residues within 3.8 angstroms of the
antibody are shown in black. Table 14 below provides the residues
involved in Notch1 NRR antibody interactions for rat 438, rat 351
and A2.
[0222] The data shows that rat 438 and A2 bind overlapping but
distinct surfaces within the Notch1 NRR. Both epitopes include the
central HD domain. Rat 438 and A2 interact with LNR-A, however rat
438 interacts with a larger surface. Only rat 438 interacts with
the S1 loop region and only A2 interacts with LNR-B. More
specifically, the data shows that rat 438 binds to human Notch1 NRR
residues Asn 1461, Lys 1462, Val 1463, Cys 1464, Leu 1466, Leu
1580, Tyr 1621, Gly 1622, Met 1670, Asp 1671, Val 1672, Arg 1673,
Leu 1707, Ala 1708, Leu 1710, Gly 1711, Ser 1712, Leu 1713, Pro
1716 and Lys 1718.
[0223] The data also shows that rat 351 and A2 bind overlapping but
distinct surfaces within the Notch1 NRR. In particular, only rat
351 interacts with the S1 loop region and only A2 interacts with
LNR-B. Rat 351 and A2 both interact with LNR-A, however rat 351
interacts with a distinct subset of LNR-A amino acids. More
specifically, the data shows that rat 351 binds to the human Notch1
NRR residues Asp 1458, Asn 1461, Val 1463, Cys 1464, Leu 1466, Leu
1580, Met 1581, Pro 1582, Tyr 1621, Gly 1622, Arg 1623, Asp 1671,
Val 1672, Arg 1673, Gly 1674, Leu 1710, Gly 1711, Ser 1712, Leu
1713, Asn 1714, Ile 1715, Pro 1716, Lys 1718.
[0224] The x-ray crystal structure of rat 438 and rat 351 residues
binding to Notch1 NRR were further analyzed using the program PISA.
The data shows that rat 438 formed strong electrostatic
interactions (salt bridges) with the residues Lys1718 and Arg1673.
Notch1 NRR residues that formed hydrogen bonds with the rat 438
antibody were Asn1461, Asp1671, Arg1673, Leu1713, Lys1718, Cys1464,
Ala1708, and Ser1712. The Notch1 NRR residues that contribute more
than 40 Angstrom.sup.2 of buried surface area upon formation of the
complex with rat 438 antibody were Arg1673, Val1463, Lys1462,
Gly1622, Asp1671 from the interaction with the heavy chain, and
Leu1466, Lys1718, Gly1711, Cys1464, Pro1716, and Val1463 from the
interaction with the light chain. Of the residues identified, rat
438 binds to human Notch1 NRR at least at residues Asn1461,
Val1463, Lys1462, Asp1671, Arg1673, Leu1713, and Lys1718.
[0225] The data shows that rat 351 forms strong electrostatic
interactions (salt bridges) with residues Asp1458 and Arg1673.
Notch1 NRR residues that formed hydrogen bonds with the rat 351
antibody were Asp1458, Val1463, Cys1464, Ser1465, Tyr1621, Asp1671,
Val1672, Arg1673, Gly1711, Ser1712, Leu1713, and Asn1714. The
Notch1 NRR residues that contribute more than 40 Angstrom.sup.2 of
buried surface area upon formation of the complex with rat 351 were
Val1463, Cys1464, Leu1466, Gly1711, Asn1714, Pro1716, and Lys1718
from the interaction with the light chain, and Asn1461, Leu1580,
Asp1671, and Arg1673 from interactions with the heavy chain. Of the
residues identified, rat 351 binds to human Notch1 NRR at least at
residues Asp1458, Val1463, Tyr1621, Asp1671, Val1672, Arg1673,
Ser1712, and Leu1713. Further, A2 does not interact with residues
Asp1458, Val1463, Tyr1621, Asp1671, Val1672, Arg1673, Ser1712, and
Leu1713.
TABLE-US-00014 TABLE 14 Residues of rat 438 and rat 351 involved in
human Notch1 NRR antibody interactions Human Notch1 Rat 351 Rat 438
A2 NRR Residue Residue Residue Residue LNR-A ASP 1458 ARG 58 H ASN
1461 ARG 58 H TYR 58 H TRP 94 L LYS 1462 TYR 58 H TYR .sup. 100A H
VAL 1463 TRP 94 L TYR 58 H THR .sup. 100B H CYS 1464 ASN 92 L ASN
92 L TYR 49 L SER 93 L SER 93 L PHE 53 L TRP 94 L TRP 94 L SER 1465
TRP 94 L TYR 49 L LEU 1466 ILE 2 L ASP 1 L SER 96 H GLN 27 L ILE 2
L PHE 98 H SER 93 L GLN 27 L TYR 49 L SER 93 L TRP 94 L GLN 1467
SER 56 L ASN 1469 PHE 98 H LNR-B LYS 1499 SER 30 H SER 31 H ASN 52
H TYR 1500 PRO 53 H ASN 54 H PHE 1501 ARG 99 H SER 1502 ARG 99 H
ASP 1503 ARG 50 H ASN 52 H ASN 54 H SER 56 H ARG 99 H HIS 1505 ASN
54 H SER 56 H ASP 1507 ASN 54 H S1 Loop LEU 1580 PHE 98 H PRO 97 H
MET 1581 GLN 53 L PRO 1582 PHE 98 H TYR 1621 ARG .sup. 52A H TYR 99
H GLY 1622 ARG .sup. 52A H TYR 99 H ARG 1623 ARG .sup. 52A H ASP
1671 TYR 32 H TYR 98 H GLN 97 H TYR 99 H GLY 100 H VAL 1672 GLN 97
H PRO 97 H PHE 98 H TYR 98 H TYR 99 H GLY 100 H ARG 1673 HIS 31 H
PRO 97 H TYR 32 H TYR 98 H ARG .sup. 52A H TYR 99 H GLU 95 H GLY
100 H GLY 96 H GLN 97 H PHE 98 H GLY 1674 PHE 98 H HD Core LEU 1707
ASN 30 L ALA 1708 ASN 30 L PHE 98 H SER 1709 GLY 97 H PHE 98 H LEU
1710 LYS 28 L ARG 28 L GLY 97 H PHE 98 H ARG 99 H GLY 1711 LYS 28 L
ARG 28 L PHE 98 H SER 30 L ASN 30 L GLY 68 L SER 1712 LYS 28 L ARG
28 L SER 30 L ASN 30 L LEU 1713 SER 30 L ASN 30 L ASN 1714 SER 30 L
ASN 30 L PHE 91 L SER 67 L SER 67 L TYR 92 L GLY 68 L ILE 1715 THR
31 L TYR 92 L PRO 1716 GLN 53 L GLN 53 L ASP 28 L TYR 92 L TYR 1717
GLN 53 L LYS 1718 ASN 32 L ASP 32 L ALA 99 H TYR 50 L PHE 50 L TYR
100 H GLN 53 L GLN 53 L
[0226] FIG. 6 shows the superposition of the structures of human
Notch1 NRR bound to rat 438 and A2 antibodies; the human Notch 1
NRR is at the bottom. The heavy chains of rat 438 and A2 are shown
in black and the light chains, in grey, are in between the two
heavy chains. As shown in FIG. 6, the orientation of rat 438 and A2
antibodies relative to the NRR is rotated by almost 180 degrees so
that the light chain N-terminus of rat 438 points towards LNR-A
whereas the light chain of A2 points towards LNR-C (in back region
of Notch1 NRR). This places the heavy chains on opposite sides of
the two light chains from the point of view of the NRR. The A2
heavy chain is therefore on the opposite side of the light chain
from the S1 loop
[0227] FIG. 7 shows the superposition of the structures of human
Notch1 NRR (shown as ribbons) bound to rat 351 and A2 antibodies
(shown as molecular surfaces). The heavy chains of rat 351 and A2
are shown in black. The light chain of rat 351 is shown in dark
grey and the light chain of A2 is shown in light grey. FIG. 7 shows
that rat 351 and A2 antibodies bind in opposite orientations
confirming their association with unique epitopes.
Example 5
Functional Characterization of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies in
Cell-Based Assays
A. EDTA-Treatment in Notch1 Reporter Gene Assay
[0228] In the absence of ligand, the heterodimeric S1-cleaved
Notch1 receptor remains inactive at the cell membrane. The Notch1
NRR domains adopt an auto-inhibitory conformation by burying
cleavage site 2 (S2), thus preventing access to metalloproteases.
The Notch1 NRR domains associate through non-covalent interactions
that are stabilized by divalent cations such as calcium. However,
the inhibitory interactions of the Notch1 NRR domains can be
disrupted by the chelating agent EDTA. Calcium chelation by EDTA
results in rapid shedding of the extracellular domain from the cell
membrane and is sufficient to activate Notch1 signaling (Rand et
al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 20(5):1825-35, 2000).
[0229] To determine whether anti-Notch1 inhibitory antibodies
stabilize the Notch1 NRR in an inactive conformation upon chelation
of divalent cations, Notch1-reporter cells (see section B below)
were pre-incubated with rat 438-mIgG1, rat 351-mIgG1 or A2
antibodies, and control anti-E. tenella antibody and then treated
with 5 mM EDTA. Human Notch1 reporter cells were plated in
white-walled 96 well plates at 40,000 cells per well and cultured
overnight in McCoy's 5A medium, 10% FBS, Pen/Strep/Glutamine.
Medium was removed by aspiration and replaced with medium
containing rat 438-mIgG1, rat 351-mIgG1 or A2 antibodies, and
control anti-E. tenella antibody at 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 30
.mu.g/ml for 1 hour at room temperature. Following the 1 hour
antibody pre-treatments, EDTA was added to the cells at a final
concentration of 5 mM and incubated at 37.degree. C. in 5% CO.sub.2
for 6 hours. The DUAL-GLO Luciferase Assay System (Promega) was
used to measure the activities of the 8.times.CSL
Firefly-luciferase (Notch1-induced) and Renilla-luciferase
(constitutive) reporters. The luminescent readings from
Firefly-luciferase were divided by the Renilla-luciferase readings
to calculate the levels of Notch1 signaling. An average of 3
replicates from each treatment was calculated and plotted along
with standard deviations.
[0230] Table 15 shows the Notch1 reporter gene assay performed with
increasing concentrations of rat 438-mIgG1, rat 351-mIgG1 and A2
antibodies, and control anti-E. tenella antibody, in the presence
of the chelating agent EDTA and absence of ligand. The data shows
that the addition of EDTA alone to the Notch1-reporter cell line
stimulates activation of the Firefly-luciferase reporter gene (see
0 .mu.g/ml condition). As expected, the control anti-E. tenella
antibody did not inhibit Notch1 signaling. In contrast,
pre-treatment of the cells with increasing concentrations of rat
438-mIG1, rat 351-mIgG1 and A2 antibodies each inhibited activation
of the Firefly-luciferase reporter gene in a dose-dependent manner
in the presence of EDTA. At 1 .mu.g/ml, 10 .mu.g/ml and 30 .mu.g/ml
concentrations, the Firefly to Renilla-luciferase ratios of the rat
351-mIgG1, rat 438-mIgG1 and A2 treatments were significantly lower
than control anti-E. tenella, indicating inhibition of Notch1
signaling.
TABLE-US-00015 TABLE 15 Notch1 reporter gene assay performed with
increasing concentrations of rat 438-mIg1, rat 351-mIgG1 or A2
antibodies, and control anti-E. tenella antibody in the presence of
the chelating agent EDTA and absence of ligand. Antibody
Concentration 0 .mu.g/mL 0.01 .mu.g/mL 0.1 .mu.g/mL 1 .mu.g/mL 10
.mu.g/mL 30 .mu.g/mL Firefly/Renilla Luminescence rat 351-mIgG1
315.2 303.9 202.1 84.8 62.1 57.0 rat 438-mIgG1 333.5 338.2 245.5
116.9 54.3 46.9 A2 307.1 312.3 172.5 89.9 63.5 55.2 ANTI-E. TENELLA
266.7 267.2 299.0 278.4 257.1 229.0 Standard Deviations rat
351-mIgG1 37.3 23.7 33.6 6.6 2.0 4.8 rat 438-mIgG1 20.5 13.2 9.9
14.5 9.0 9.0 A2 25.0 17.7 10.7 14.9 7.8 8.0 ANTI-E. TENELLA 16.5
34.1 48.4 27.0 23.1 6.2
B. Cell Line Construction for Notch1 Reporter Gene Co-Culture
Assay
[0231] The inhibitory activities of anti-Notch1 humanized 438 and
humanized 351 antibodies were tested in a Notch1 reporter gene
co-culture assay, described in Example 2. Humanized 438 and
humanized 351 antibodies were pre-incubated with Notch1 reporter
cells and then co-cultured with DLL4-HEK293 cells to activate
Notch1 signaling or with parental HEK293 cells as a control.
[0232] To generate the Notch1 reporter cell line, a series of three
sequential, stable transfections were performed in the U-2 OS human
osteosarcoma cell line (ATCC, Manassas, Va.). The first
transfection used a vector for expression of full-length human
Notch1 or mouse Notch1 based on the pCMV6-Entry-Myc-Flag backbone
(Origene), and in both the correct DNA sequences of the Notch1
inserts were confirmed. Following transfection with the TransIT-LT1
transfection reagent (Mirus, Madison, Wis.), U-2 OS cells were
selected in G418 and clonal lines were isolated. Second, stable
Notch1-expressing U-2 OS clones were re-transfected with the
pGL4.27 [luc2P/minP/Hygro] vector (Promega, Madison, Wis.)
containing eight tandem copies of the CSL enhancer sequence
(CGTGGGAAAAT), selected in Hygromycin B plus G418 and clonal lines
were isolated. The 8.times.CSL Firefly-luciferase reporter
construct is responsive to activated Notch1 signaling (for example,
see, Jeffries et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 22(11):3927-3941, 2002).
Thirdly, the Notch1-pGL4.27 U-2 OS cells were re-transfected with
pGL4.74 [hRluc/TK] vector (Promega) plus the Linear Puromycin
Marker (Clontech, Mountain View, Calif.), selected in Puromycin,
Hygromycin B and G418, and clonal lines were isolated. The pGL4.74
vector encoded the Renilla-luciferase gene that is constitutively
expressed from an HSV-TK promoter and served as an internal
control. The triple stable transfected U-2 OS line (termed "Notch1
reporter cells" herein) was maintained in McCoy's 5A medium (Gibco,
Grand Island, N.Y.) containing 10% FBS, 1.times.
Penicillin/Streptomycin/L-Glutamine (Gibco), 0.25 mg/ml G418
sulfate, 0.3 mg/ml Hygromycin B and 0.001 mg/ml Puromycin.
[0233] To generate the ligand-expressing cells, HEK293 cells (ATCC)
were transfected with vectors for expression of human DLL4 or mouse
DLL4. Both vectors were based on the pCMV6-AC-HA-His backbone
(Origene, Rockville, Md.), and the correct DNA sequences of the
DLL4 inserts were confirmed. Following transfection, HEK293 cells
were selected in 0.5 mg/ml G418, and clonal lines were isolated,
expanded and analyzed for DLL4 expression. Clones with high DLL4
expression and high induction of Notch1 reporter activity in the
U-2 OS cells were used to assess the inhibitory effect of
anti-Notch1 antibodies.
[0234] The luminescent readings from Firefly-luciferase were
divided by the internal control Renilla-luciferase reading to
normalize the signals (termed "F/R ratio" herein). To calculate the
fold-induction of Notch1 signaling, the F/R ratios generated from
the DLL4-HEK293 co-culture reporter assays were divided by the F/R
ratios from the parental HEK293 co-cultures and termed relative
luciferase unit (RLU) or activity.
[0235] A titration of humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 and A2 in the human
and murine Notch1 reporter co-culture assays demonstrated potent
inhibition of Notch1 signaling in a dose-dependent manner. FIGS. 8
and 9 show the neutralizing activity of humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8
and rat 438 antibodies against Notch1 dependent signaling in human
and mouse Notch1 reporter cells, respectively. Humanized 438
VH1.1/VL1.8 showed equivalent neutralizing activity to that of rat
438, in both human and mouse Notch1 dependent signaling reporter
assays. Therefore, humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 fully retained the
neutralizing activity of rat 438.
[0236] The IC50 (nM) values of rat 438-mIgG1 and humanized 438
variants were calculated from the inhibition of Notch1 dependent
signaling from the Notch1 reporter gene co-culture assays, as
provided in Table 16 below. Humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 showed the
most significant level of inhibition against both human and mouse
Notch1 signaling, as represented by the lowest IC50 values among
all humanization 438 variants.
TABLE-US-00016 TABLE 16 IC50 (nM) values of rat 438-mIgG1 and
humanization 438 variants. (n.d = not determined) r438- VH1.0/
VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ VH1.0/ VH1.1/ VH1.1/ r438- Antibody A2
mIgG VL1.1 VL1.0 VL1.1 VL1.3 VL1.9 VL1.8 VL1.8 VL1.5 hIgG Human
0.31 0.68 1.19 0.46 0.657 0.45 0.38 1.87 0.17 0.35 0.65 Notch1
Mouse 0.32 0.71 nd nd nd 0.62 nd 1.37 0.46 0.50 nd Notch1
[0237] The inhibitory effects of rat 351 and A2 anti-Notch1
antibodies on the co-culture reporter assay were examined by adding
increasing concentrations of antibody over a range from about 0.01
nM to 200 nM. To calculate the percent (%) inhibition of
anti-Notch1 antibody treated co-cultures, the RLU from increasing
concentrations of antibody treatments were divided by an untreated
control using the formula (1-(treated/untreated)*100).
[0238] A titration of rat 351 and A2 antibodies in human and murine
Notch1 reporter co-culture assays demonstrated rat 351's unique
neutralizing activity against Notch1 signaling. As shown in FIGS.
10, 11 and Table 17, both rat 351 and A2 inhibited Notch1 signaling
in a dose-dependent manner and had similar IC50 values calculated
from the Notch1 reporter co-culture assays. FIG. 10 and Table 17
show that A2 achieved a maximal inhibition (plateau inhibition) of
Notch1 signaling at about 100% in human Notch1 reporter co-culture
assays when antibody concentrations were greater than 20 times the
IC50 value. In contrast, rat 351 achieved a maximal inhibition of
only about 85%, which was lower than the maximal inhibition
observed for A2. Rat 351 failed to achieve 100% maximal inhibition
even when antibody concentrations were 250 times the IC50 value.
FIG. 11 and Table 17 show that similar results were observed for
the mouse Notch1 reporter co-culture assays. A2 achieved a maximal
inhibition of Notch1 signaling at about 86% in mouse Notch1
reporter co-culture assays. In contrast, rat 351 achieved a maximal
inhibition of only about 55%, which is lower than the 86% maximal
inhibition observed for A2.
TABLE-US-00017 TABLE 17 Neutralizing activity of rat 351 and A2
antibodies against human and murine Notch1-dependent signaling in a
reporter gene assay Neutralization activity Neutralization activity
(Human RGA) (murine RGA) Antibody IC50 (nM) % Inhibition IC50 (nM)
% Inhibition Rat 351 0.4 ~85% 0.3 55% A2 0.3 ~100% 0.2 86%
[0239] FIGS. 12 and 13 show the neutralizing activity of humanized
351 variants and rat 351-mIgG1 in both human and mouse Notch1
dependent signaling reporter assays, respectively. Table 18
provides the IC50 (nM) values of humanized 351 variants, rat
351-mIgG1 and A2 calculated from the inhibition of Notch1 dependent
signaling from the Notch1 reporter gene co-culture assays. The data
shows that humanized 351 VH1.0/VL1.1 exhibited a neutralizing
activity profile that is similar to rat 351-mIgG1 and rat 351.
Humanized 351 VH1.0/VL1.1 achieved a maximal inhibition of Notch1
signaling at about .about.87.4%, which is lower than the maximal
inhibition observed for A2.
TABLE-US-00018 TABLE 18 Neutralizing activity of rat 351-mIgG1 and
humanized 351 variants against human and murine Notch1-dependient
signaling in a reporter gene assay Neutralization activity
Neutralization activity (Human RGA) (murine RGA) Antibody IC50 (nM)
% Inhibition IC50 (nM) % Inhibition Rat 351-mIgG1 0.22 ~85.4% 0.42
~51% Humanized 351 0.19 ~87.4% 0.38 ~48% VH1.0/VL1.1 Humanized 351
0.17 ~85.4% 0.49 ~46% VH1.0/VL1.4 A2 0.27 ~99.1% 0.36 ~82%
Example 6
Structural and Functional Basis for Neutralizing Activity of Clone
351
[0240] A Ca.sup.2+ bound in each of the LNR-A, B, and C domains of
the Notch1 NRR is required for maintaining the integrity of the
Notch1 NRR structure. Removal of Ca.sup.2+, for example, by
addition of EDTA to the media of Notch1 expressing cells, leads to
the destabilization of the Notch1 NRR structure. This results in
the exposure of the S2 metalloproteinase cleavage site in the
Notch1 NRR and activation of Notch1 signaling (Rand et al., Mol.
Cell. Biol. 20(5):1825-35, 2000).
[0241] The co-crystal structure of rat 351 Fab with human Notch1
NRR has four independent complexes in a single crystal. However,
only one of the four complexes contained the expected Ca.sup.2+
bound to the LNR-A. FIG. 14A shows the interaction of rat 351 and
human Notch1 NRR in the LNR-A region of complex 1. In this
structure, a negatively charged residue in Notch1 NRR, Asp1458, had
an ionic interaction with the calcium present in the structure.
FIG. 14B shows the interaction of rat 351 and human Notch1 NRR in
the LNR-A region of Complex 2. Complex 2 is a representative image
of Complexes 2-4. In Complexes 2-4, instead of having an ionic
interaction with calcium, the Asp1458 of the human Notch1 NRR
formed a salt bridge with a positively charged residue in the rat
351 VH CDR2, Arg58. This indicated that the positively charged
Arg58 of rat 351 is competing with the positively charged Ca.sup.2+
for binding to the negatively charged Asp1458 of the human Notch1
NRR.
[0242] To demonstrate the significance of the positively charged
residue Arg58 in the functional properties of rat 351, mutant rat
351-mIgG1 antibodies were generated in which the Arg58 in the VH
was mutated to a neutral residue, Tyr (as well as Arg58-Tyr in
combination with Val60-Ala or Arg). The mutant rat 351-mIgG1
antibodies were tested in Notch1 signaling inhibition reporter
assays and the results are shown in FIG. 15 and Table 19. As shown,
rat 351 achieved a maximal inhibition of only about 87%, while
mutant rat 351-mIgG1 and A2 achieved a higher maximal inhibition of
.about.95% and .about.98%, respectively.
TABLE-US-00019 TABLE 19 IC50 (nM) and maximal inhibition(%) values
for rat 351, mutant rat 351 and A2 Rat 351 Rat 351 Rat 351 Rat VH
VH VH Antibody A2 351 wt R58Y R58Y/V60A R58Y/V60R IC50 (nM) 0.18
0.19 0.21 0.16 0.11 Maximal 97.7% 87.5% 95.3% 95.3% 95.3%
Inhibition (%)
Example 7
Effects of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies on Endothelial Cell
Sprouting, Angiogenesis and Vascularization
A. In Vitro Evaluation of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies
[0243] The effect of anti-Notch1 inhibitory antibodies on
angiogenesis was examined in an in vitro model of endothelial cell
sprouting using a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)
fibrin gel bead assay (FGBA) (also termed the HUVEC-FGBA herein). A
modified version of the HUVEC-FGBA was performed essentially as
described by Nakatsu, et al. (Microvasc. Res. 66 (2):102-112,
2003), except primary human lung tumor-associated fibroblasts
(LTAFs) were substituted for Detroit 551 skin fibroblasts. HUVEC
sprouts were examined 10-15 days after addition of fibroblasts.
[0244] Human lung tumor tissue (sample 87852A1; Asterand, Detroit,
Mich.) was mechanically and enzymatically disaggregated. Cells were
sieved through a 40 .mu.m cell strainer to obtain a single cell
suspension. Viable cells were isolated following treatment with red
blood cell lysis buffer (Roche, Indianapolis, Ind.) and magnetic
separation from dead cells (Miltenyi Biotec, Auburn, Calif.).
Primary lung tumor-associated fibroblasts were established and
maintained in RPMI medium containing 20% FBS.
[0245] The LTAF-containing HUVEC-FGBAs were treated with rat 438,
rat 351 or A2 antibodies. Medium alone (untreated) and anti-VEGF
inhibitor AVASTIN (Genentech, So. San Francisco, Calif.) control
treatments were also included. FIG. 16 shows representative
epifluorescent images of CD31-Cy3 immunostaining at day 10 of rat
438, rat 351 and A2 treated HUVEC-sprouts. An increase was
demonstrated in HUVEC sprouting and vessel lengths of rat 438 and
rat 351 treatment compared to the medium alone (untreated) control.
In contrast, treatment with anti-VEGF inhibitor AVASTIN prevented
HUVEC sprouting altogether. Thus, inhibition of Notch1 signaling
with rat 438 and rat 351 de-regulated angiogenesis in a manner
distinct from anti-VEGF inhibitors, such as AVASTIN.
[0246] Furthermore, Table 20 shows that rat 438 and rat 351
increased the average number of sprout branch points per bead
compared to control anti-E. tenella antibody in a HUVEC-FGBA on day
6 and day 12 of treatment. However, the effect of rat 351 on the
average number of branch points per bead was lower on day 6
compared to rat 438 and A2. By day 12, both rat 438 and rat 351, as
well as A2, induce a similar number of branch points per bead.
During angiogenesis, active Notch1 signaling negatively regulates
the number of endothelial tip cells and thus modulates the levels
of branching and sprouting (Hellstrom, M. et al., Nature 445
(7129):776-780, 2007).
TABLE-US-00020 TABLE 20 Average number of branch points/bead in rat
351, rat 438 and A2 treatment in a HUVEC-FGBA. ANTI- Rat 351 Rat
438 A2 E. TENELLA Day 6 Average number of branch 2.7 6.1 5.9 1.3
points/bead Standard deviation 1.3 1.8 2.1 1.1 Day 12 Average
number of branch 9.3 11.2 10.6 1.2 points/bead Standard deviation
1.8 2.6 2.3 1.1
B. In Vivo Evaluation of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies
[0247] The effect of anti-Notch1 inhibitory antibodies was further
examined in an in vivo mouse assay of angiogenesis and
vascularization. The neonatal retina is a well-characterized model
of angiogenesis and has been used to study the role of the Notch
pathway in this process. There is extensive angiogenesis in the
mouse retina starting at birth. As in the human retina, the
vasculature originates from the optic nerve and spreads to form a
network of vessels which then sprout downward to establish a
secondary network. Genetic and pharmacological manipulation of
Notch signaling has demonstrated that proper Notch signaling is
required for angiogenesis in the neonatal retina (Hellstrom, M. et
al., Nature 445(7129):776-780, 2007).
[0248] Pregnant CD-1 mice were housed individually and monitored
regularly for the birth of the litter. For rat 438-mIgG1, pups were
dosed 1 and 3 days after birth with either 10 mg/kg of control
anti-E. tenella antibody, 10 mg/kg of rat 438-mIgG1 or 10 mg/kg of
A2. For rat 351-mIgG1, pups are dosed at 1 and 3 days after birth
with either 30 mg/kg of control anti-E. tenella antibody, 30 mg/kg
of rat 351-mIgG1 or 30 mg/kg of A2.
[0249] On day 5 after birth, pups were euthanized and the eyes were
harvested and fixed overnight in 2% formaldehyde. The following
day, the eyes were transferred to PBS and the retinas were
isolated. To stain the retinas, Isolectin B4 (Sigma, St. Louis,
Mo.) was conjugated to ALEXA FLUOR 488 with a labeling kit
(Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif.) and used at 15 mg/ml in PBS with 10%
goat serum, 1% TRITON X-100, 0.1% sodium azide, and 0.1 mM each of
CaCl.sub.2, MgCl.sub.2 and MnCl.sub.2. Retinas were washed 5 times
in PBS with 1% TRITON X-100, 0.1% sodium azide, and 0.1 mM each of
CaCl.sub.2, MgCl.sub.2 and MnCl.sub.2 and a final time in PBS with
0.1% sodium azide, and 0.1 mM each of CaCl.sub.2, MgCl.sub.2 and
MnCl.sub.2. Retinas were cut and mounted with FLUORMOUNT-G (EMS,
Hatfield, Pa.) and imaged on a Zeiss LSM510 confocal microscope
(Carl Zeiss MicroImaging, LLC, Thornwood, N.Y.). FIG. 17 shows
representative confocal images of Isolectin B4-ALEXA488 staining in
a mouse retinal model of angiogenesis after treatment with rat
438-mIG1, rat 351-mIgG1 and A2. Anti-E. tenella antibody and no
treatment controls were also included.
[0250] As shown in FIG. 17, the retina from a mouse pup in the rat
438-mIgG1 treatment group had different vasculature compared to the
retinas from mouse pups in the anti-E. Tenella antibody and no
treatment control groups. This indicates that rat 438-mIgG1
antibody disrupted angiogenesis in vivo. In particular, the retinas
from rat 438-mIgG1 treatment group showed more extensive
vasculature, similar to that previously reported after genetic and
pharmacological manipulation of Notch signaling (Hellstrom, M. et
al., Nature 445 (7129):776-780, 2007). This indicates that
inhibition of Notch1 signaling with rat 438-mIgG1 directly impacted
angiogenesis in the mouse neonatal retina.
[0251] Further shown in FIG. 17, the retina from a mouse pup in the
rat 351-mIGg1 treatment group had similar vasculature compared to
the retinas from mouse pups in the anti-E. Tenella antibody and no
treatment control groups. In contrast, the retina from the A2 group
showed more extensive vasculature, similar to that previously
reported after genetic and pharmacological manipulation of Notch
signaling (Hellstrom, M. et al., Nature 445 (7129):776-780, 2007).
This demonstrates that, in contrast to A2, rat 351-mIgG1 antibody
did not significantly disrupt murine angiogenesis in vivo or that
the potential effect of rat 351-mIgG1 on the murine vasculature was
not observed at the chosen time point or with the tested dosing
regimen.
Example 8
Effects of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies on Cell Lines Having
Native and Mutant Notch 1 Receptors
A. Effects of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies on Notch1
Activation in Human Fibroblast Cell Line CCD1076SK Having Native
Notch1 Receptors
[0252] Notch1 signaling is activated by ligand binding which
induces conformational changes within the extracellular Notch1 NRR
domains thereby exposing metalloprotease and gamma-Secretase
cleavage sites. Proteolysis results in the release of the Notch1
intracellular domain (Notch1.sup.ICD), a transcriptional activator,
from the cell membrane. Notch1 activation and Notch1.sup.ICD
release were examined by Western blot analysis of protein extracts
generated from the human fibroblast cell line CCD1076SK that was
plated on recombinant human DLL4 ligand treated with increasing
concentrations of rat 438, rat 351 or A2 antibodies, and control
anti-E. tenella antibody for 24 hours. Released Notch1.sup.ICD
molecules initiating at a Valine residue were detected with the
D3B8 antibody (anti-Notch1.sup.ICD) (Cell Signaling Technology,
Danvers, Mass.).
[0253] To activate Notch1 signaling, the CCD1076SK skin fibroblasts
were cultured in the presence of DLL4 ligand. Six-well plates were
coated with 2 .mu.g/ml of recombinant human DLL4 (R&D Systems,
Minneapolis, Minn.) in 1.times.DPBS containing CaCl.sub.2 and
MgCl.sub.2. The 2.times.10E6 CCD1076SK skin fibroblasts in DMEM
medium containing 10% FBS were added to the recombinant human
DLL4-coated wells in the presence of 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10
.mu.g/ml of rat 438, rat 351 and A2 antibodies, and control anti-E.
tenella antibody. Cells were incubated with the antibodies for 24
hours at 37.degree. C. in 5% CO.sub.2. Cells were lysed in 1% NP40,
0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 5 mM EDTA, 0.25 M NaCl, 0.025 M Tris-HCl,
pH 7.5, containing COMPLETE MINI Protease inhibitor cocktail
(Roche) and 0.4 mM PMSF. Extracts were resolved by SDS-PAGE on a
7.5% polyacrylamide gel and transferred to nitrocellulose paper
using an IBLOT Gel transfer system (Invitrogen). The released
Notch1.sup.ICD molecules initiating at a Valine a residue were
detected with anti-Notch1.sup.ICD and, as a loading control,
anti-beta-actin using standard western blot procedures.
Densitometric analysis was performed on films that were scanned
with a BioRad GS-800 Calibrated Densitometer and analyzed with
Quantity One version 4.6.9 software (BioRad). Notch1.sup.ICD levels
were normalized to beta-actin control in each sample and then
compared to the untreated control.
[0254] As shown in FIG. 18, titration of rat 438 potently inhibited
Notch1 activation in a dose-dependent manner, as indicated by the
levels of released Notch1.sup.ICD detected. Further shown in FIG.
18 and in Table 21, titration of rat 351 up to 10 .mu.g/mL
demonstrated lower inhibition of Notch1 activation of a native
Notch1 receptor compared to A2, as indicated by the levels of
released Notch1.sup.ICD detected. At all concentrations, and in
particular beginning at 0.1 .mu.g/mL, rat 351 demonstrated higher
levels of released Notch1.sup.ICD compared to A2.
TABLE-US-00021 TABLE 21 Densitometric analysis of Notch1.sup.ICD
levels from Western blot of FIG. 18 Normalized Notch1.sup.ICD
levels Ab, .mu.g/ml Rat 351 A2 0 1.000 1.000 0.001 0.826 0.748 0.01
0.848 0.402 0.1 0.554 0.003 1 0.393 0.003 10 0.302 0.006
B. Effects of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies on Notch1
Activation in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) Cells
Line Having Mutant Notch1 Receptors
[0255] Constitutive Notch1 activation and release of the Notch1
intracellular domain (Notch1.sup.ICD) is reported in a subset of
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients and T-ALL cell
lines that harbor mutations within the NRR domain of the Notch1
receptor (Weng et al., Science 306:269-271, 2004). These mutations
are categorized into 3 major classes. Class 1 mutations are single
amino acid substitutions and small in-frame deletions or insertion
in HD1. Class 2 mutations are longer insertions in the distal
region of HD2 that relocate the S2-metalloprotease cleavage site
beyond the auto-inhibitory NRR domain. Class 3 mutations, also
called Juxtamembrane Expansion Mutations (JMEs), displace the NRR
away from the cell membrane.
[0256] T-ALL cell lines with Notch1 receptor class 1 mutations
tested include HPB-ALL cells with a leucine to proline mutation at
amino acid 1575 (L1575P), ALL-SIL cells with a leucine to proline
mutation at amino acid 1594 (L1594P), MOLT-4 cells with a leucine
to proline mutation at amino acid 1601 (L1601P) and DND-41 cells
with compound class 1 mutations of leucine to proline at amino acid
position 1594 and aspartic acid to valine at amino acid position
1610 (L1594P/D1610V). The CCRF-CEM cell line harbors a class 2
mutation and possesses a 12 amino acid insertion at position 1595.
The Jurkat cell line harbors a class 3 JEM mutation that inserts 17
amino acids at position 1740.
[0257] Notch1 activation and Notch1.sup.ICD release was examined by
Western blot analysis of protein extracts generated from the T-ALL
cell lines treated with increasing concentrations of rat 438-mIgG1,
humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8, rat 351-mIgG1 or A2 antibodies, and
control anti-E. tenella antibody. Released Notch1.sup.ICD molecules
initiating at a Valine residue are specifically detected with D3B8
antibody (anti-Notch1.sup.ICD).
[0258] The T-ALL cell lines HPB-ALL, ALL-SIL, CCRF-CEM, MOLT-4,
DND-41 and Jurkat cells were used instead of CCD1076SK fibroblasts
as described above. Since T-ALL cells possess constitutively
released Notch1.sup.ICD no exogenous DLL4 ligand was required.
Suspension cultures of 2.times.10E6 T-ALL cells were mixed with 0,
0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 .mu.g/ml of rat 438-mIgG1, humanized 438
VH1.1/VL1.8, rat 351-mIgG1 or A2 antibodies, and control anti-E.
tenella antibody in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% FBS,
Pen/Strep/Glutamine. Cells were incubated with the antibodies for
24 hours at 37.degree. C. in 5% CO.sub.2. Cells were harvested by
centrifugation and medium was removed by aspiration. Cell pellets
were lysed in 1% NP40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 5 mM EDTA, 0.25 M
NaCl, 0.025 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, containing COMPLETE MINI Protease
inhibitor cocktail (Roche). Extracts were resolved by SDS-PAGE on a
7.5% polyacrylamide gel and transferred to nitrocellulose paper
using an IBLOT Gel transfer system (Invitrogen). The released
Notch1.sup.ICD molecules initiating at a Valine residue are
detected with anti-Notch1.sup.ICD and, as a loading control,
anti-beta-actin using standard western blot procedures.
Densitometric analysis was performed on films that were scanned
with a BioRad GS-800 Calibrated Densitometer and analyzed with
Quantity One version 4.6.9 software (BioRad). Notch1.sup.ICD levels
were normalized to beta-actin in each sample and then compared to
the untreated control.
[0259] As shown in FIG. 19, treatment of HBP-ALL cells with
increasing concentrations of rat 438-mIgG1 and humanized 438
VH1.1/VL1.8 significantly inhibited constitutive Notch1 activation,
as indicated by the levels of released Notch1.sup.ICD detected.
Thus, mutation of leucine to proline at position 1575 did not
affect the ability of rat 438-mIgG1 and humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8
antibodies to inhibit Notch1 activation. This is consistent with
Table 14 demonstrating that the rat 438 antibody did not interact
with the amino acid at position 1575 in the wild-type NRR-antibody
co-crystal structure.
[0260] As shown in FIG. 20 and Table 22, treatment of T-ALL cell
lines HPB-ALL, ALL-SIL, CCRF-CEM, MOLT-4 and DND-41 cells with
increasing concentrations of rat 438-mIgG1, rat 351-mIgG1 and A2
inhibited Notch1 activation in a dose dependent manner, as
indicated by the decreased detection of released Notch1.sup.ICD by
western blot and densitometric analysis. In contrast, treatment of
Jurkat cells with increasing concentrations of rat 351-mIgG1 and A2
failed to inhibit Notch1 activation, as indicated by the detection
of released Notch1.sup.ICD by western blot analysis. As expected,
the control anti-E. tenella antibody demonstrated no effect on the
levels of released Notch1.sup.ICD in any of the T-ALL cell
lines.
[0261] Rat 438-mIgG1, rat 351-mIgG1 and A2 antibodies similarly
inhibited Notch1 activation and release of the Notch1.sup.ICD in
certain T-ALL cell lines with class 1 (HPB-ALL cells with L1575P,
ALL-SIL cells with L1594P, MOLT-4 cells with L1601P, and DND-41
cells with compound class 1 mutations L1594P/D1610V) and class 2
(CCRF-CEM cell line with an 12 amino acid insertion at position
1595) NRR mutations, and rat 351-mIgG1 and A2 failed to inhibit
cleavage of the Notch1 receptor and release of the Notch1.sup.ICD
in Jurkat cells with a class 3 JEM mutation. Furthermore, rat
351-mIgG1 demonstrated higher inhibition of Notch1 activation of a
mutant Notch1 receptor, as shown in FIG. 20 and Table 22, compared
to the inhibition of Notch1 activation of a native Notch1 receptor
by rat 351, as shown in FIG. 18 and Table 21.
TABLE-US-00022 TABLE 22 Densitometric analysis of Notch1.sup.ICD
levels from the Western blot of FIG. 20 (n.d = not determined)
Normalized Notch1.sup.ICD levels HPB-ALL ALL-SIL CCRF-CEM MOLT-4
DND-41 Jurkat Rat Rat Rat Rat Rat Rat Ab, 351- 351- 351- 351- 351-
351- .mu.g/ml A2 mIgG1 A2 mIgG1 A2 mIgG1 A2 mIgG1 A2 mIgG1 A2 mIgG1
0 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
1.000 0.001 0.852 0.833 1.565 0.982 1.119 0.982 n.d. n.d. 0787
1.020 1.197 1.535 0.01 1.145 0.886 1.310 0.712 1.276 1.038 0.962
1.525 0.840 0.988 1.165 1.435 0.1 0.330 0.156 0.068 0.080 0.424
0.413 0.644 0.751 0.479 0.367 0.983 1.406 1 0.038 0.075 0.033 0.030
0.048 0.043 0.075 0.284 0.199 0.322 1.152 1.078 10 0.041 0.020
0.043 0.019 0.027 0.034 0.043 0.082 0.114 0.219 1.586 1.204
C. Effects of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies on Viability of
T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) Cells Line Having
Mutant Notch1 Receptors
[0262] The effects of anti-Notch1 antibodies on HBP-ALL cells were
further assessed using an MTS cellular viability indicator
(Promega, Madison, Wis.) to determine the percent viable cells
after treatment. The MTS reagent was converted into a product that
can be measured at an optical density of 490 nanometers (O.D. 490
nm) by metabolically active living, but not dead cells. HBP-ALL
cells (1.times.10E4 cells/well) in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10%
FBS, Pen/Strep/Glutamine were incubated with 0, 0.47, 1.88, 7.5 and
30 .mu.g/ml of humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8, rat 438-mIgG1, rat
351-mIgG1 and A2 antibodies, and control anti-E. tenella antibody
for 7 days and then assayed with MTS reagent according to
manufacturer's instructions.
[0263] Table 23 shows the MTS viability assay of anti-Notch1
inhibitory antibody treatments of HPB-ALL cells with increasing
concentration of rat 438-mIgG1, rat 351-mIgG1 and A2 antibodies,
and control anti-E. tenella antibody. As a result, HBP-ALL cells
treated with increasing concentrations of rat 438-mIgG1, 351-mIgG1
and A2 up to 30 .mu.g/ml displayed lower levels of the converted
MTS reagent at O.D. 490 nm than control anti-E. tenella treatments.
This indicates fewer cells were present in the rat 438-mIgG1, rat
351-mIgG1 and A2 treated cells, a result of increased cell death
and/or decreased proliferation.
TABLE-US-00023 TABLE 23 MTS viability assay of HPB-ALL leukemia
cells treated with rat 438-mIgG1, rat 351-mIgG1, and A2, and
control anti-E. tenella antibodies Antibody 0 0.47 1.88 7.5 30
concentration .mu.g/mL .mu.g/mL .mu.g/mL .mu.g/mL .mu.g/mL O.D. 490
nm Rat 438-mIgG1 0.361 0.394 0.284 0.180 0.110 Rat 351-mIgG1 0.366
0.267 0.175 0.119 0.082 A2 0.355 0.271 0.167 0.107 0.076 ANTI-E.
TENELLA 0.366 0.425 0.440 0.427 0.445 Standard Deviations Rat
438-mIgG1 0.003 0.004 0.007 0.019 0.010 Rat 351-mIgG1 0.009 0.015
0.015 0.011 0.006 A2 0.002 0.018 0.004 0.008 0.013 ANTI-E. TENELLA
0.012 0.004 0.056 0.024 0.010
[0264] Similar results were observed for humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8
as shown in Table 24, which illustrates a MTS assay of anti-Notch1
inhibitory antibody treatments of HPB-ALL cells with increasing
concentration of humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8, rat 438-mIgG1 and
control anti-E. tenella. Thus, in addition to inhibiting Notch1
activation, humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 antibodies also inhibited
growth of cancer cells with a mutation in the NRR domain of Notch1,
a common feature in T-ALL patients.
TABLE-US-00024 TABLE 24 MTS viability assay of HPB-ALL leukemia
cells treated with humanized 438VH1.1/VH1.8, rat 438-mIgG1 and
control anti-E. tenella antibodies Antibody 0 0.47 1.88 7.5 30
concentration .mu.g/mL .mu.g/mL .mu.g/mL .mu.g/mL .mu.g/mL O.D. 490
nm Humanized 438 0.464 0.427 0.306 0.204 0.162 VH1.1/VL1.8 Rat
438-mIgG1 0.456 0.478 0.373 0.259 0.190 ANTI-E. TENELLA 0.457 0.488
0.428 0.524 0.525 Standard Deviations Humanized 438 0.016 0.014
0.011 0.009 0.003 VH1.1/VL1.8 Rat 438-mIgG1 0.012 0.038 0.051 0.034
0.004 ANTI-E. TENELLA 0.008 0.003 0.099 0.029 0.013
[0265] To demonstrate the in vitro activity of mutant rat 351
antibodies, HPB-ALL cells were treated with increasing
concentration of either rat 351-mIgG1, rat 351(R58Y)-mIgG1, rat
351(R58Y/V60A)-mIgG1, 438 humanized VH1.1/VL1.8, A2 antibodies or
control anti-E. tenella antibody. Table 25 shows a MTS assay of
anti-Notch1 inhibitory antibody treatments and their resulting IC50
values. Both rat 351(R58Y)-mIgG1 and rat 351(R58Y/V60A)-mIgG1
antibodies inhibited HPB-ALL growth, but in a manner more similar
to humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 than the wild-type rat 351-mIgG1
antibody as determined by their IC50 values. Thus, the Arg58
residue in rat 351-mIgG1 contributed to its potent inhibitory
activity against a Notch1 receptor with a mutant NRR.
TABLE-US-00025 TABLE 25 MTS viability assay of HPB-ALL leukemia
cells treated with mutant rat 351-mIgG1 antibodies and IC50 (nM)
values. Antibody concentration 0 .mu.g/mL 0.0391 .mu.g/mL 0.1563
.mu.g/mL 0.625 .mu.g/mL 2.5 .mu.g/mL 10 .mu.g/mL IC50, nM O.D. 490
nm Rat 351-mIgG1 0.755 0.726 0.514 0.311 0.235 0.192 1.27 Rat
351-R58Y-mIgG1 0.697 0.715 0.582 0.345 0.236 0.184 2.17 Rat 351
R58Y/V60A- 0.697 0.775 0.667 0.363 0.265 0.184 2.49 mIgG1 438
Humanized 0.694 0.702 0.601 0.339 0.223 0.198 2.26 VH1.1/VL1.8 A2
0.755 0.706 0.568 0.325 0.204 0.178 1.85 ANTI-E. TENELLA 0.694
0.735 0.758 0.759 0.772 0.774 n.a. Standard Deviations Rat
351-mIgG1 0.017 0.032 0.018 0.014 0.015 0.005 Rat 351-R58Y 0.020
0.008 0.024 0.012 0.019 0.006 Rat 351-R58Y/V60A 0.020 0.024 0.025
0.017 0.014 0.007 438 Humanized 0.022 0.006 0.023 0.016 0.014 0.008
VH1.1/VL1.8 A2 0.017 0.012 0.029 0.010 0.009 0.017 ANTI-E. TENELLA
0.022 0.023 0.024 0.009 0.034 0.054
Example 9
Effects of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies on In Vivo Growth of
Human Tumor Xenografts
A. Notch1 and Jagged1 Co-Immunohistochemistry
[0266] The effects of anti-Notch1 inhibitory antibodies were tested
in pre-clinical models with Notch1 expression in both xenografted
tumor and host stromal cells in order to maximize their potential
efficacy. To identify a pre-clinical model that expresses Notch1
and one of its ligand, Jagged1, immunohistochemistry using
anti-Notch1 and anti-Jagged1 antibodies was performed on the
37622A1 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient-derived
xenograft (PDX), termed hereinafter "37622A1 NSCLC PDX." A tissue
fragment from the 37622A1 NSCLC PDX was formalin-fixed and paraffin
embedded (FFPE) using standard histological procedures. Five micron
FFPE sections were cut, dewaxed and hydrated to distilled water.
Antigens were retrieved in pH 6.0 citrate buffer in a pressure
cooker. Endogenous peroxidase was blocked with 0.3% H2O2 for 15
minutes. Sections were incubated with DAKO Protein block for 20
minutes. Endogenous biotin was blocked by an avidin/biotin block
kit (Vector). A 1:50 dilution of rabbit anti-Notch1 (ab52627;
Abcam) was applied to the sections for 1 hour at room temperature.
Anti-rabbit IgG-biotin (Jackson Immuno) was applied to the sections
for 30 minutes at room temperature. Streptavidin-HRP was added to
the sections for 30 minutes at room temperature. DAB was used to
develop color for 5 minutes. Sections were heated at 98.degree. C.
for 10 minutes in pH 6.0 citrate buffer to destroy bound
anti-Notch1 primary and anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibodies from
the first reaction. Sections were blocked in DAKO Protein block for
20 minutes and incubated with a 1:100 dilution of rabbit
anti-Jagged 1 antibody (Santa Cruz) for 2 hours at room
temperature. An anti-rabbit IgG-HRP polymer (DAKO) was applied for
30 minutes at room temperature. IMMPACT VIP substrate was used to
develop color for 7 minutes. Sections were briefly counterstained
in Mayer's hematoxylin, dehydrated, cleared and coverslipped.
[0267] As shown in FIG. 21, the 37622A1 NSCLC PDX had heterogeneous
expression of the human Notch1 receptor (left of dashed line) and
human Jagged1 ligand (right of dashed line) within clusters of
tumor cells (demarcated with a solid line). Nuclear Notch1.sup.ICD
(arrows) was also detected at the interface of human Notch1 and
human Jagged1 tumor cells indicating active Notch1 signaling.
Within the mouse stroma, murine Notch1 was also detected in the
PDX-associated vasculature, consistent with the previous finding
that Notch1 signaling regulates angiogenesis in the murine neonatal
retina. The expression pattern of Notch1 and Jagged1 in the 37622A1
NSCLC PDX indicated that it is a relevant model to examine the in
vivo effects of anti-Notch1 antibodies.
[0268] In NSCLC, K-ras is a frequently mutated oncogene that
promotes tumor growth. Thus, the K-ras gene from the 37622A1 NSCLC
PDX was sequenced to determine if it contained wild-type or mutant
K-ras. Genomic DNA was isolated from a fragment of the 37622A1
NSCLC PDX using the PREPGEM Kit according to manufacturer's
instructions (ZyGEM, Solana Beach, Calif.). K-ras DNA sequences
were amplified with KOD polymerase (EMD Chemicals, Gibbstown, N.J.)
using forward and reverse primers. PCR cycling conditions: 1 cycle
at 75.degree. C. for 15 minutes, 1 cycle at 95.degree. C. for 5
minutes, 1 cycle at 96.degree. C. for 1 minute, and 35 cycles at
96.degree. C. for 15 seconds, 60.degree. C. for 15 seconds and
72.degree. C. for 40 seconds, and 1 cycle at 72.degree. C. for 1
minute and 20 seconds. Amplified PCR product of 496 basepairs was
purified with QIAQUICK PCR Purification kit (Qiagen, Valencia,
Calif.) and DNA sequencing was performed with the BigDye Terminator
v1.1 Cycle sequencing Kit (ABI, Foster City, Calif.) according to
manufacturer's instructions.
[0269] As shown in FIG. 22, DNA sequence analysis indicated that
the 37622A1 NSCLC PDX possesses a glycine to valine (encoded by the
DNA sequence GTT) mutation at amino acid 13 (G13V) in the human
K-ras gene.
B. In Vivo Growth Inhibition Studies for NSCLC Xenografts
[0270] The effects of anti-Notch1 inhibitory antibodies were
examined in immunodeficient mice on the in vivo growth of human
tumor xenografts that were established from fragments of freshly
resected NSCLC tumors obtained in accordance with appropriate
consent procedures (Asterand). The 87393A1 NSCLC patient-derived
xenografts and 37622A NSCLC patient-derived xenografts (termed
hereinafter "87393A1 NSCLC PDX" and "37622A1 NSCLC PDX",
respectively) were passaged in vivo as fragments from animal to
animal in NOD-SCID and nude (Nu/Nu) female mice, respectively.
[0271] When the tumors reached a volume of 200 to 400 mm.sup.3,
they were staged to ensure uniformity of the tumor size among
various treatment groups prior to the administration of anti-Notch1
and control anti-E. tenella antibodies. The 37622A1 NSCLC PDX model
was dosed i.p. once a week for 3 weeks with 10 mg/kg of rat
438-mIgG1 and A2, and control anti-E. tenella antibody. The 87393A1
NSCLC PDX model is dosed i.p. twice a week for 4 weeks with 20
mg/kg of rat 351-mIgG1 and control anti-E. tenella antibody. Tumors
were measured at least once a week and their volume was calculated
with the formula: tumor volume (mm.sup.3)=0.5.times.(tumor
width.sup.2)(tumor length). From 8-11 animals, mean tumor volumes
(.+-.SEM) for each treatment group were calculated and compared to
the control-treated.
[0272] Table 26 shows the efficacy of rat 438-mIgG1 and A2
antibodies in 37622A1 NSCLC patient derived xenografts with G13V
mutation in K-ras compared to control anti-E. tenella antibody.
Growth inhibition of 37622A1 PDXs by rat 438-mIgG1 indicates that
NSCLCs with activated Notch1 and/or mutations in the K-ras oncogene
might be sensitive to Notch1 pathway inhibitors.
TABLE-US-00026 TABLE 26 Efficacy of rat 438-mIgG1 and A2 antibodies
in 37622A1 NSCLC patient derived xenografts with G13V mutation in
K-ras. Control ANTI-E. TENELLA Day 0 Day 3 Day 7 Day 10 Day 14 Day
16 Tumor Volume 341.5 547.5 901.0 1128.4 1606.3 1860.5 (mm.sup.3)
S.E.M. 40.0 67.1 103.2 151.6 231.3 275.8 Day 0 Day 1 Day 4 Day 8
Day 11 Day 14 Rat 438-mIgG1 Tumor Volume 336.5 584.5 498.4 429.9
502.5 539.2 (mm.sup.3) S.E.M. 44.6 76.4 81.8 87.1 97.3 126.9 A2
Tumor Volume 344.3 533.7 523.9 428.7 536.2 622.8 (mm.sup.3) S.E.M.
45.6 72.7 72.1 63.0 117.0 147.5
[0273] Table 27 shows the efficacy of rat 351-mIgG1 in 87393A1
NSCLC PDX compared to control anti-E. tenella antibody. Treatment
with rat 351-mIgG1 resulted in 29% tumor growth inhibition compared
to control anti-E. tenella treated tumors at day 28.
TABLE-US-00027 TABLE 27 Efficacy of rat 351-mIgG1 in 87393A1 NSCLC
patient derived xenografts. Day 0 Day 7 Day 14 Day 20 Day 26 Day 28
Control Anti-E. tenella Tumor Volume 312.4 456.5 596.8 695.6 880.4
836.6 (mm.sup.3) S.E.M. 7.7 37.4 45.6 33.3 61.1 41.8 Rat 351-mIgG1
Tumor Volume 275.4 299.5 433.3 466.2 529.5 590.4 (mm.sup.3) S.E.M.
5.1 35.5 57.8 62.2 89.6 93.5
[0274] To confirm Notch1 activation was inhibited, western blot
analysis using the D3B8 antibody (anti-Notch1.sup.ICD) was
performed on protein extracts generated from xenografts at the end
of the study. Xenografts from the rat 438-mIgG1, A2, and control
anti-E. tenella treated 37622A1 NSCLC PDX model, and xenografts
from the rat 351-mIgG1 and control anti-E. tenella treated 87393A1
NSCLC PDX models were harvested at the end of the study. Tumor
tissue was lysed in 1% NP40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 5 mM EDTA,
0.25 M NaCl, 0.025 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, containing COMPLETE MINI
Protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche). Extracts were resolved by
SDS-PAGE on a 7.5% polyacrylamide gel and transferred to
nitrocellulose paper using an IBLOT Gel transfer system
(Invitrogen). Released Notch1.sup.ICD molecules initiating at a
Valine residue were detected with the D3B8 antibody
(anti-Notch1.sup.ICD) and total levels of the Notch1 C-terminal
domain were detected with D1E11 (anti-Notch1) (Cell Signaling
Technologies) using standard western blot procedures. .beta.-Actin
is shown as a loading control.
[0275] FIG. 23 shows western blot analysis of protein extracts
generated from 37622A1 NSCLC PDXs treated with rat 438-mIgG1 and
A2. Detection of released Notch1.sup.ICD was observed in control
anti-E. tenella treated tumors but not in rat 438-mIgG1 treated
tumors, indicating inhibition of Notch1 activation. FIG. 24 shows
western blot analysis of protein extracts generated from 87393A1
NSCLC PDXs treated with rat 351-mIgG1 and control anti-E. tenella
antibodies. Detection of released Notch1.sup.ICD was observed in
control anti-E. tenella treated tumors but not in rat 351-mIgG1
treated tumors, indicating inhibition of Notch1 activation.
[0276] Donor clinical information from the original 87393A1 NSCLC
PDX specimen indicated that the patient's tumor was an invasive
poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.
Involucrin is a marker for squamous cell differentiation in lung
tumors (Said, J. W., et. al., Laboratory Investigation, 1983,
volume 49, 563-568). To determine whether inhibition of Notch1
activation had an effect on 87393A1 NSCLC PDX tumor cell
differentiation, involucrin expression was analyzed by
immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. FIGS. 25 and 26
show involucrin immunohistochemisty and western blot analysis of
rat 351-mIgG1 and control anti-E. tenella treated tumors,
respectively. Inhibition of Notch1 activation in 87393A1 NSCLC PDX
resulted in increased expression levels of involucrin as
demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis.
Thus, in addition to reducing tumor size, anti-Notch1 treatment
also increased tumor cell differentiation.
[0277] To determine whether inhibition of Notch1 activation alone
effected body weight, mice were weighed during in vivo efficacy
studies. Table 28 shows that the average mouse body weights (minus
tumor weights) of rat 351-mIgG and control anti-E. tenella antibody
treated groups over the course of the study were not significantly
different in the 87393A1 NSCLC PDXs.
TABLE-US-00028 TABLE 28 Average mouse body weights (minus tumor
weights) in 87393A1 NSCLC PDXs after treatment with rat 351-mIgG1.
Average Mouse Body Weights in grams (minus tumor weights) Antibody
Day 0 Day 7 Day 14 Day 20 Day 26 Control Anti-E. tenella 23.9 23.1
23.4 23.3 22.9 Rat 351-mIgG1 23.4 23.0 23.1 23.3 23.5
C. In Vivo Growth Inhibition Studies for HPB-ALL Xenografts
[0278] Similar in vivo experiments were performed with the mutant
Notch1 HPB-ALL cell line as performed with the 37622A1 NSCLC PDX
and 87393A1 NSCLC PDX described above. To generate xenografts, nude
female mice (Nu/Nu) were implanted subcutaneously with 8.times.10E6
HPB-ALL cells in 50% MATRIGEL (BD Biosciences). When the tumors
reached a volume of 200 to 400 mm.sup.3, the tumors were staged to
ensure uniformity of the tumor mass among various treatment groups
prior to the administration of anti-Notch1 and control D16A
antibodies. The HPB-ALL model was dosed s.c. at 20 mg/kg of rat
438-mIgG1, rat 351-mIgG1, A2 or D16A antibody, 2 times a week for 2
weeks. Tumors were measured at least once a week and their volume
was calculated with the formula: tumor volume
(mm.sup.3)=0.5.times.(tumor width.sup.2)(tumor length). From 8-11
animals, mean tumor masses (.+-.SEM) for each treatment group were
calculated and compared to the control-treated.
[0279] Table 29 shows the efficacy of rat 438-mIgG1, rat 351-mIgG1
and A2 antibodies in HPB-ALL xenografts with L1575P mutation in
Notch1 NRR. The data demonstrates that treatment with rat 438-mIgG1
and treatment rat 351-mIgG1 both inhibited in vivo growth of
HPB-ALL cells compared to control D16A antibody, thus slowing tumor
growth.
TABLE-US-00029 TABLE 29 Efficacy of rat 351-mIgG1, rat 438-mIgG1
and A2 antibodies in HPB-ALL xenografts with L1575P mutation in
Notch1 NRR. Day 0 Day 1 Day 4 Day 8 Day 11 Day 14 Control D16A
Tumor Volume 175.3 201.9 261.2 522.0 735.9 1003.4 (mm.sup.3) S.E.M.
6.4 4.4 11.4 44.1 82.3 162.2 Rat 351-mIgG1 Tumor Volume 166.1 198.6
244.1 267.0 231.0 251.0 (mm.sup.3) S.E.M. 8.3 5.5 12.0 21.6 21.3
36.2 Rat 438-mIgG1 Tumor Volume 165.1 194.7 225.0 244.3 176.9 179.2
(mm.sup.3) S.E.M. 4.9 5.0 7.3 25.6 21.6 25.9 A2 Tumor Volume 174.5
197.9 218.5 201.4 157.5 146.3 (mm.sup.3) S.E.M. 2.8 4.6 7.4 12.5
13.2 13.9
D. In Vivo Growth Inhibition Studies for Calu-6 NSCLC
Xenografts
[0280] Similar experiments were performed with the Calu-6 NSCLC
cell line as performed with the HPB-ALL cells above for in vivo
studies. Calu-6 xenografts were initially established in nude
female mice (Nu/Nu) from 2.times.10E6 in vitro cultured cells in
50% MATRIGEL (BD Biosciences) and then serially passaged in vivo as
tumor fragments from animal to animal. When the tumors reached the
volume of 200 to 400 mm.sup.3, the tumors were staged to ensure
uniformity of the tumor size among various treatment groups prior
to the administration of anti-Notch1 and control antibodies. The
Calu-6 model was dosed i.p. at 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg of rat 438-mIgG1
or A2, or 10 mg/kg of control anti-E. tenella, 2 times a week for 2
weeks Tumors were measured at least once a week and their volume
was calculated with the formula: volume (mm.sup.3)=0.5.times.(tumor
width.sup.2)(tumor length). From 8-11 animals, mean tumor volumes
(.+-.SEM) for each treatment group were calculated and compared to
the control-treated.
[0281] The Calu-6 model was chosen because it was previously
demonstrated to respond to Notch pathway inhibitors such as
anti-DLL4 (Ridgeway et al., Nature 444:1083-1087, 2006) and A2
antibodies. Table 30 shows the efficacy of rat 438-mIgG1 and A2 in
Calu-6 lung cancer model. Treatment with 3 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 30
mg/kg of the rat 438-mIgG1 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in
tumor growth. However, efficient (>50%) growth reduction of
Calu-6 xenografts only occurred at the 30 mg/kg dose, which was 3
times higher than the dose required to inhibit the growth of the
37622A1 PDXs to a similar level.
TABLE-US-00030 TABLE 30 Efficacy of rat 438-mIgG1 and A2 in Calu-6
lung cancer model. Day 0 Day 6 Day 9 Day 13 Day 16 Day 19 Anti-E.
tenella (10 mg/kg) 258 .+-. 17 491 .+-. 34 740 .+-. 64 1156 .+-.
140 1260 .+-. 171 1613 .+-. 222 Rat 438-mIgG1 (3 mg/kg) 250 .+-. 29
362 .+-. 58 465 .+-. 88 742 .+-. 127 888 .+-. 171 1279 .+-. 219 Rat
438-mIgG1 (10 mg/kg) 263 .+-. 26 383 .+-. 40 448 .+-. 51 566 .+-.
68 667 .+-. 87 904 .+-. 129 Rat 438-mIgG1 (30 mg/kg) 242 .+-. 27
343 .+-. 58 445 .+-. 82 566 .+-. 106 601 .+-. 120 720 .+-. 152 A2
(3 mg/kg) 238 .+-. 29 349 .+-. 42 450 .+-. 58 603 .+-. 74 664 .+-.
91 851 .+-. 113 A2 (10 mg/kg) 250 .+-. 34 297 .+-. 35 348 .+-. 47
444 .+-. 64 480 .+-. 70 603 .+-. 101 A2 (30 mg/kg) 241 .+-. 26 376
.+-. 52 486 .+-. 68 598 .+-. 115 622 .+-. 121 779 .+-. 168
[0282] To determine if inhibition of Notch1 signaling alone effects
body weight, mice were weighed during in vivo efficacy studies.
Table 31 shows that the average mouse body weights (minus tumor
weights) of rat 438-mIgG1 and A2, and control anti-E. tenella
treated groups over the course of the study, were not significantly
different
TABLE-US-00031 TABLE 31 Average mouse body weights (minus tumor
weights) of rat 438-mIgG1 and A2, and control anti-E. tenella
treatments in Calu-6 model (n = 10-11). Day 6 Day 9 Day 13 Day 16
Day 19 E. tenella (10 mg/kg) 24.6 .+-. 1.56 25.2 .+-. 1.42 24.3
.+-. 1.64 24.7 .+-. 1.74 24.0 .+-. 1.77 Rat 438-mIgG1 (3 mg/kg)
24.5 .+-. 2.18 25.8 .+-. 1.74 25.8 .+-. 1.67 26.4 .+-. 1.60 25.7
.+-. 1.66 Rat 438-mIgG1 (10 mg/kg) 25.1 .+-. 2.06 25.1 .+-. 2.21
24.6 .+-. 1.88 25.1 .+-. 1.71 24.5 .+-. 1.54 Rat 438-mIgG1 (30
mg/kg) 24.7 .+-. 2.21 25.7 .+-. 2.10 25.2 .+-. 2.48 25.8 .+-. 2.18
25.3 .+-. 2.23 A2 (3 mg/kg) 24.7 .+-. 2.39 26.1 .+-. 2.06 26.1 .+-.
2.05 27.1 .+-. 1.99 26.4 .+-. 1.82 A2 (10 mg/kg) 24.5 .+-. 1.63
25.2 .+-. 1.74 25.1 .+-. 1.86 25.3 .+-. 1.79 24.7 .+-. 1.69 A2 (30
mg/kg) 25.8 .+-. 1.61 26.4 .+-. 1.54 26.2 .+-. 1.73 26.8 .+-. 1.99
26.0 .+-. 2.07
E. In Vivo Growth Inhibition Studies for Breast Cancer
Xenografts
[0283] The effects of humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 was examined on the
in vivo growth in triple negative breast cancer xenografts models,
Sum149 and MDA-MB-231. Athymic female mice (Nu/Nu, 6-8 weeks) were
obtained from Charles River Laboratories and housed in specific
pathogen-free conditions, according to the guidelines of the
Association for the Assessment and Accreditation for Laboratory
Animal Care, International. Animals were provided sterile rodent
chow and water ad libitum.
[0284] Cells for implantation into athymic mice were harvested and
pelleted by centrifugation at 450.times.g for 5-10 minutes. The
cell pellets were washed once and re-suspended in sterile
serum-free medium. Tumor cells were supplemented with 50% MATRIGEL
(BD Biosciences) to facilitate tumor take and growth of selected
tumor cells as xenografts. Cells (2-3.times.10.sup.6 in 100 .mu.L)
were implanted subcutaneously into the hind flank region of the
mouse and allowed to grow to the designated size prior to the
administration of compound for each experiment.
[0285] For anti-tumor efficacy, animals bearing tumors of 150-300
mm.sup.3 in size were randomly divided into groups that received
either control antibody (26H6) or humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 and
dosed by s.c. injection weekly. Docetaxel was dosed by i.p.
injection weekly. Tumor measurements were obtained every 2-3 days.
Tumor volume (mm.sup.3) was measured with Vernier calipers and
calculated using the formula: length (mm).times.width
(mm).times.width (mm).times.0.52, shown in Tables 32 and 33.
TABLE-US-00032 TABLE 32 Efficacy of humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 in
triple negative breast cancer xenografts model, SUM149. Humanized
438 Docetaxel, VH1.1/VL1.8, Humanized 438 Day post Vehicle + 6 mgk
5 mgk VH1.1/VL1.8 + implant 26H6 I.P weekly SC weekly Docetaxel
Mean tumor volume (mm3) 36 220 225 214 223 41 266 239 166 181 46
408 282 153 149 49 543 486 150 125 53 529 458 135 104 56 711 587
177 144 60 796 638 179 129 63 937 769 239 187 67 1271 962 244 185
SE 36 8 6 8 6 41 12 7 6 9 46 21 18 16 12 49 34 45 18 9 53 38 39 17
10 56 45 41 19 14 60 68 44 18 12 63 100 53 23 24 67 125 62 22
26
TABLE-US-00033 TABLE 33 Efficacy of humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 in
triple negative breast cancer xenografts model, MDA-MB-231
Humanized 438 Docetaxel, VH1.1/VL1.8, Humanized 438 Day post
vehicle + 10 mgk 5 mgk VH1.1/VL1.8 + implant 26H6 I.P weekly SC
weekly Docetaxel Mean tumor volume (mm3) 50 413 431 409 428 52 462
478 510 441 57 697 535 451 339 62 1204 717 466 354 65 1716 1326 694
506 69 2291 1396 768 486 SE 50 33 25 21 21 52 38 30 22 26 57 45 33
25 17 62 62 41 27 30 65 145 109 69 56 69 216 128 73 34
[0286] Percent (%) inhibition values were measured on the final day
of study for drug-treated compared with vehicle-treated mice and
are calculated as 100-{1-[(Treated.sub.Final day-Treated.sub.Day
1)/(Control.sub.Final day-Control.sub.Day 1)]}. For all tumor
growth inhibition experiments, 8 to 10 mice per dose group were
used. A Student's t test was used to determine the P value. Table
34 shows the efficacy of humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 in triple
negative breast cancer xenografts models.
TABLE-US-00034 TABLE 34 Efficacy of humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 and
in triple negative breast cancer xenografts models. Tumor model
Agent % TGI Sum149 Vehicle + 26H6 0 Docetaxel, 6 mpk 30 Humanized
438 VH1.1/VL1.8, 5 mgk 97 Humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 + Docetaxel 104
MDA-MB-231 Vehicle + 26H6 0 Docetaxel, 10 mpk 49 Humanized 438
VH1.1/VL1.8, 5 mgk 81 Humanized 438 VH1.1/VL1.8 + Docetaxel 97
Example 10
Effect of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory Antibodies on the Differentiation
and Proliferation of Intestinal Cells
[0287] Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of Notch signaling
converts proliferative progenitor cells within intestinal crypts
into secretory goblet cells (van Es et al., Nature 435:959-963,
2005). The effects of anti-Notch1 inhibitory antibodies on the
proliferation and differentiation of cells in the mouse intestine
were examined on tissues collected from the Calu-6 and 87393A1
NSCLC PDX efficacy studies of Example 9. Immunohistochemistry using
Alcian blue stain for mucins (ie, secretory goblet cells) and
anti-Ki67 for proliferation was performed on intestinal
samples.
[0288] Mouse small intestines were harvested from the Calu-6 and
87393A1 NSCLC PDX efficacy studies, trimmed longitudinally,
formalin fixed and held in 70% ETOH. The tissue was then embedded
in paraffin. An Alcian Blue stain was performed for mucosubstances
according to manufacturer's instructions. Immunohistochemistry
using an anti-Ki67 antibody (SP6, Abcam, Cambridge, Mass.) was
performed on a DAKO Auto Stainer (Dako, Carpinteria, Calif.) to
demonstrate cell proliferation according to manufacturer's
instructions.
1. Image Capture
[0289] Stained tissue sections were scanned on a Nanozoomer Slide
Scanner (Hamamatsu, Bridgewater, N.J.) using a 20.times.obj
setting. Images were scanned and saved into the ndp file format.
Virtual images were opened in Aperio Image Scope Software (Aperio
Technologies, Vista, Calif.). Two images from opposite sides of the
intestine lumen were captured at 10.times. virtual magnification
and saved as Tiff images.
[0290] FIG. 27 shows histochemical identification of secretory
goblet cells using Alcian Blue stain on the ileum section of mouse
intestines from Calu-6 efficacy study treated with either 10 mg/kg
rat 438-mIgG1, A2 or control anti-E. tenella antibody.
Representative images of intestinal villi and crypts are shown.
Goblet cells are demarcated with arrows, and for simplicity, only 1
cell in each image is highlighted as an example. Although
anti-Notch1 antibodies did not cause weight loss during the study,
treatment with either rat 438-mIgG1 or A2 induced differentiation
of secretory goblet cells as evidenced by increased alcian blue
staining in villi as well as in the crypts. Thus inhibition of
Notch1 signaling alone increased goblet cell differentiation,
however not to a level that significantly impacted body weight.
2. Image Analysis
[0291] Virtual images were opened in Image Pro-Plus Software (Media
Cybernetics, Bethesda, Md.). A manual outline Area of Interest
(AOI) was created that included the intestinal tissue (crypt and
villi), but excluded the smooth muscle, artifacts, folds, and
debris. A threshold was created to identify Alcian Blue stain area
and tissue area. The thresholds were applied to the AOIs and range
statistics were exported to an Excel spreadsheet. In Excel, a mean
Alcian Blue stain ratio was calculated for each animal from the two
collected stain ratios to provide a single calculated Alcian Blue
Stain Ratio per animal. A mean Alcian Blue Stain Ratio and standard
deviation were created for each group. Statistics were performed
using the JMP statistical software (JMP, Cary, N.C.).
[0292] Table 35 shows an image quantitation of Alcian Blue stain
ratio of rat 438-mIgG1 and A2, and control anti-E. tenella antibody
treated mouse intestines in Calu-6 efficacy study. Compared to
anti-E. tenella control at 10 mg/kg, there was a significant
increase in the Alcian Blue stain ratio in rat 438-mIgG1 dosed at
10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg. The quantitative image analysis of alcian
blue stain confirms the increased differentiation of goblet cells
over a larger region of the ileum in comparison to the region shown
in FIG. 27.
Table 35 shows an image quantitation of Alcian Blue stain ratio of
rat 438-mIgG1 and A2, and control anti-E. tenella antibody treated
mouse intestines in Calu-6 efficacy study.
TABLE-US-00035 Alcian Blue Treatment Group Stain Ratio S.E.M.
ANTI-E. TENELLA, 10 mg/kg 2.71 0.23 Rat 438-mIgG1, 3 mg/kg 3.97
0.59 Rat 438-mIgG1, 10 mg/kg 7.64 0.79 Rat 438-mIgG1, 30 mg/kg 8.24
0.63 A2, 3 mg/kg 7.38 1.44 A2, 10 mg/kg 14.13 2.32 A2, 30 mg/kg
11.63 1.07
[0293] Statistical analysis of pairwise comparisons between the
average or mean Alcian Blue stain ratios from each treatment group
are shown in Table 36. Ratios for each pair were determined using
Student's t test. Positive values show pairs of means that are
significantly different. Unlike A2, rat 438-mIgG1 dosed at 3 mg/kg
did not induce a significant increase in the Alcian Blue stain
ratio compared to control anti-E. tenella antibody. Furthermore, A2
dosed at 10 mg/kg induced a significant increase in the alcian blue
stain ratio compared to rat 438-mIgG1 dosed at 10 mg/kg suggesting
that rat 438-mIgG1 caused less cellular differentiation in
intestinal cells than A2.
TABLE-US-00036 TABLE 36 Statistical analysis of mean comparisons of
alcian blues stain. t 2.03452 Alpha 0.05 Rat 438- Rat 438- Rat 438-
Anti A2 A2 mIgG1 mIgG1 mIgG1 E-tenella Abs(Dif)-LSD 10mpk 30mpk
30mpk 10mpk A2 3mpk 3mpk 10mpk A2 -3.48282 -0.9733 2.409854 2.84528
3.268058 6.512037 7.942685 10mpk A2 -0.9733 -3.48282 -0.09967
0.335759 0.758538 4.002516 5.433165 30mpk Rat 438-mIgG1 2.409854
-0.09967 -3.48282 -3.0474 -2.62462 0.619362 2.05001 30mpk Rat
438-mIgG1 2.84528 0.335759 -3.0474 -3.81524 -3.40003 -0.14848
1.2746 10mpk A2 3.268058 0.758538 -2.62462 -3.40003 -3.48282
-0.23884 1.191806 3mpk Rat 438-mIgG1 6.512037 4.002516 0.619362
-0.14848 -0.23884 -3.81524 -2.39216 3mpk Anti E-tenella 7.942685
5.433165 2.05001 1.2746 1.191806 -2.39216 -3.48282 10mpk
[0294] FIG. 28 shows anti-Ki67 immunohistochemistry on mouse
intestinal crypts from Calu-6 efficacy study treated with either 10
mg/kg of rat 438-mIgG1, A2, or control anti-E. tenella antibody.
Representative images of Ki67-stained intestinal crypts are shown.
Ki67-staining was reduced at the base of the crypts in the rat
438-mIgG1 treated animals, but not the control anti-E. tenella
treated animals. Loss of Ki67-stained proliferative crypt cells was
consistent with the conversion to post-mitotic goblet cells that
was observed by alcian blue staining.
[0295] Table 37 shows an image quantitation of Alcian Blue stain
ratio of rat 351-mIgG1 and control anti-E. tenella antibody treated
mouse intestines in the 87393A1 NSCLC PDX efficacy study. Compared
to anti-E. tenella control, there was no significant difference in
the Alcian Blue stain ratio in rat 351-mIgG1 treated mice (p=0.22).
The quantitative image analysis of Alcian blue stain indicated that
rat 351-mIgG1 did not induce goblet cell hyperplasia like other
Notch pathway inhibitors. Thus, the inhibition of Notch1 signaling
with rat 351-mIgG1 did not increase goblet cell
differentiation.
TABLE-US-00037 TABLE 37 Quantitation of Alcian Blue stain ratio of
rat 351- mIgG1 and anti-E. tenella treated mouse intestines in a
87393A1 NSCLC PDX efficacy study. Rat 351- Anti- mIgG1 E. tenella
Alcian Blue Stain Ratio 3.06 2.53 Standard Deviation 0.61 0.81
[0296] FIG. 29 and Table 38 show anti-Ki67 immunohistochemistry and
quantitation of Ki67 stain ratio on mouse intestinal crypts from
the 87393A1 NSCLC PDX efficacy study treated with either rat
351-mIgG1 or control anti-E. tenella antibodies. FIG. 29 shows
representative images of Ki67-stained intestinal crypts indicating
that Ki67-staining was reduced at the base of the crypts in the rat
351-mIgG1 treated animals, but not in the control anti-E. tenella
treated animals.
[0297] Consistent with this observation, Table 38 shows image
quantitation of Ki67 stain ratios of rat 351-mIgG1 and control
anti-E. tenella antibody treated mouse intestines. The data
indicated that there is a small, but statically significant
(p=0.023) decrease in Ki67 stain ratios in rat 351-mIgG1 compared
to control anti-E. tenella antibody treatments. The quantitative
analysis of Ki67 stain ratios showed a decrease in proliferation of
cells at the base of crypts as demonstrated by a reduction in the
relative levels of Ki67 staining over a larger region of the ileum
in comparison to the region shown in the upper panels of FIG. 29.
Thus, the inhibition of Notch1 signaling with rat 351-mIgG1
decreased proliferation.
TABLE-US-00038 TABLE 38 Quantitation of Ki67 stain ratio on mouse
intestinal crypts from 87393A1 NSCLC PDXs treated with rat
351-mIgG1 and control Anti-E. tenella antibodies. Rat 351- Anti-
mIgG1 E. tenella Ki67 Stain Ratio 5.66 7.39 Standard Deviation 0.34
1.47
Example 11
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Anti-Notch1 Inhibitory
Antibody
1. Iodination Procedure
[0298] Iodination was performed using the IODO-BEADS method
according to manufacturer's instructions (Pierce, Rockford, Ill.).
Briefly, .about.200 .mu.g of test article were used per 2 mCi of
125-Iodine (Perkin-Elmer) and were incubated for 15-25 minutes at
ambient temperature with 2 IODO-BEADS and .about.200 .mu.L of PBS.
The reaction mixture was separated from the IODO-BEADS by
filtration (CENTRICON-10 from Millipore, Billerica, Mass.).
2. Preparation and Characterization of Dosing Solution
[0299] For rat 438-mIgG1, a dosing solution was prepared by mixing
unlabeled test article rat 438-mIgG1, a trace amount of
.sup.125I-labeled test article and a formulation buffer (PBS) for a
final protein concentrations of 2 mg/mL to enable a dosing volume
of 10 mL/kg dosing in mice. For rat 351-mIgG1, three dosing
solutions were prepared by mixing unlabeled test article of rat
351-mIgG1, a trace amount of .sup.125I-labeled test article and a
formulation buffer (PBS) for a final protein concentrations of 2,
0.5 and 2.4 mg/mL to enable a dosing volume of 2.5, 10 and 12.5
mL/kg dosing in mice for group I (5 mg/kg i.v.), II (5 mg/kg i.p.)
and III (30 mg/kg i.p.), respectively.
[0300] The fraction of radioactivity in a dosing solution accounted
for by free iodine ("% free iodine") was determined using
trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-precipitation. Dosing solution aliquots
(5 .mu.L) were mixed with mouse serum (45 .mu.L) and were counted
(in triplicate) for total radioactivity (Model 1480 WIZARD.TM.,
Wallac Inc., Gaithersburg, Md. or Model 2470 Perkin Elmer, Waltham
Mass.). TCA (50 .mu.L of 20% stock) was added to the samples.
Samples were centrifuged at approximately 3000 g for 10 minutes. An
aliquot of 50 .mu.L of resultant supernatant was counted for
soluble counts per minute (cpm). The fraction of free iodine in the
dosing solution was calculated using the formula: [2*average
soluble elution cpm/average total elution cpm*100%]. The specific
activity of the dosing solution (.mu.Ci/mg) was calculated by the
formula: [average total cpm-2*average soluble cpm]/[dosing solution
concentration (mg/mL)*dosing solution volume (mL)*2,200,000
cpm/.mu.Ci]. The purity of the dosing solution was also
qualitatively analyzed using SDS-PAGE and confirmed as a
predominately single band under non-reducing conditions and as
double bands under reducing conditions.
3. Determination of Radioactive Equivalent Concentrations in Serum
and Tissues
[0301] The total radioactivity in serum samples (50 .mu.L, in
duplicates) was determined by gamma counting. An equivalent volume
of 20% TCA was added into each serum aliquot and samples were spun
at .about.12000 rpm for 10 minutes. TCA-soluble radioactivity in 50
.mu.L supernatant aliquot was determined by gamma-counting.
TCA-precipitable radioactivity (cpm) in a given sample (Total
cpm-2*TCA-soluble cpm), the specific activity of the dosing
solution (TCA-precipitable cpm per mg of protein), as well as dates
of sample (tS) and dosing solution (tD) measurements, were used to
calculate the test article concentration in a given sample, using
the formula: [average TCA-precipitable
cpm/EXP(-0.693/60.2*(tS-td))]/[specific activity (in cpm/mg)*sample
volume (in mL)].
[0302] The quantitation of radioactive equivalent tissue
concentration (.mu.g eq./g) of .sup.125I-labeled test article was
based on the total radioactivity in tissues and the specific
activity of the dosing solution after a correction for half-life of
.sup.125I using the formula: [sample
cpm/EXP(-0.693/60.2.times.(tS-tD))]/[specific activity (in
cpm/mg).times.sample weight (in mg)]. TCA-precipitation for tissue
samples was not performed. Tissue to serum concentration ratios
(T/S) for tissue sample at a given time-point were calculated using
the ratio of radioactive equivalent concentration in tissue (.mu.g
eq./g) to that in serum (.mu.g eq./mL).
4. Pharmacokinetic Calculations
[0303] Pharmacokinetic calculations were based on mean serum or
tissue concentrations in mice. A non-compartmental analysis module
(Model 201 and 200 for analysis of serum data after IV and IP
administration, respectively) of the pharmacokinetic software
package WinNonlin, ver. 5.1 (Pharsight) was used. The area under
the serum concentration versus time curve (AUC) was calculated
using the linear trapezoidal method. The slope of the apparent
terminal phase was estimated by log-linear regression using at
least 3 data points and the terminal rate constant (.lamda.) was
derived from the slope. AUC0-.infin. was estimated as the sum of
the AUC0-t (where t is the time of the last measurable
concentration) and Ct/.lamda.. The apparent terminal half-life
(t1/2) was calculated as 0.693/.lamda..
[0304] Table 39 shows the serum and tissue exposures of non-tumor
bearing nude mice to rat 438-mIgG1 antibodies that were measured at
the indicated time points after a single 5 mg/kg i.p. injection of
.sup.125Iodine-labeled rat 438-mIgG1 antibody. Highest radioactive
equivalent (RE) concentrations and exposure (AUC0-INF) were found
in serum at all time points examined, followed by liver, skin,
kidney, large intestines, small intestines, lungs and eyes.
Radioactivity in tissues declined with time, as shown in Table 39.
Despite the known expression and essential role of Notch1 signaling
in the gastrointestinal tract of mice, rat 438-mIgG1 did not
preferentially accumulate in the large or small intestines compared
to other tissues tested.
TABLE-US-00039 TABLE 39 Serum and tissue concentrations of
.sup.125Iodine-labeled rat 438-mIgG1 antibod after a single i.p.
injection of 5 mg/kg to nude mice. 1 hour 3 hours 6 hours 24 hours
72 hours 120 hours 168 hours 240 hours 336 hours serum 4855 .+-.
5992 16439 .+-. 9789 15834 .+-. 1287 6640 .+-. 539 2983 .+-. 886
1618 .+-. 332 1006 .+-. 291 690 .+-. 129 111 .+-. 147 eyes 832 .+-.
141 302 .+-. 22 155 .+-. 41 142 .+-. 36 46.0 .+-. 40.6 kidneys 2121
.+-. 375 798 .+-. 95 486 .+-. 235 373 .+-. 166 216 .+-. 40 87.4
.+-. 8.8 large intestine 2093 .+-. 156 514 .+-. 107 154 .+-. 46
94.2 .+-. 16.9 54.9 .+-. 0.8 liver 7590 .+-. 925 1677 .+-. 225 704
.+-. 501 541 .+-. 158 322 .+-. 59 97.9 .+-. 61.1 lung 1047 .+-. 633
227 .+-. 111 253 .+-. 149 178 .+-. 46 124 .+-. 100 25.3 .+-. 14.8
skin 2688 .+-. 429 1688 .+-. 192 513 .+-. 30 430 .+-. 160 171 .+-.
54 70.3 .+-. 46.0 small intestine 1855 .+-. 232 353 .+-. 78 195
.+-. 40 114 .+-. 18 55.1 .+-. 6.5 16.0 .+-. 9.6
[0305] The ratios of tissue to serum concentrations were calculated
and the Mean tissue/serum concentration ratios after a single 5
mg/kg i.p. dose of rat 438-mIgG1 to nude mice are shown in Table
40. The tissue to serum concentration ratios remained relatively
constant through the time points examined, indicating equilibrium
between serum and tissues. The serum concentrations of rat
438-mIgG1 were higher than tissue concentrations, such that T/S
ratios were low (<1 in general) and within the typical range
observed for a mIgG1.
TABLE-US-00040 TABLE 40 Mean tissue/serum concentration ratios
after a single 5 mg/kg i.p. dose of rat 438-mIgG1 to nude mice. 6
hours 24 hours 72 hours 120 hours 168 hours Eyes 0.053 .+-. 0.007
0.046 .+-. 0.001 0.052 .+-. 0.004 0.092 .+-. 0.034 0.056 .+-. 0.058
Kidneys 0.133 .+-. 0.016 0.121 .+-. 0.022 0.158 .+-. 0.035 0.224
.+-. 0.053 0.220 .+-. 0.028 Large intestine 0.133 .+-. 0.012 0.077
.+-. 0.010 0.052 .+-. 0.003 0.059 .+-. 0.006 0.058 .+-. 0.020 Liver
0.478 .+-. 0.023 0.255 .+-. 0.053 0.212 .+-. 0.127 0.331 .+-. 0.040
0.332 .+-. 0.064 Lung 0.065 .+-. 0.036 0.034 .+-. 0.016 0.086 .+-.
0.044 0.117 .+-. 0.051 0.123 .+-. 0.079 Skin 0.172 .+-. 0.040 0.256
.+-. 0.045 0.185 .+-. 0.067 0.269 .+-. 0.103 0.173 .+-. 0.033 Small
intestine 0.117 .+-. 0.008 0.053 .+-. 0.007 0.067 .+-. 0.007 0.071
.+-. 0.008 0.057 .+-. 0.0.14
[0306] After administration of .sup.125I-labeled rat 438-mIgG1,
Cmax was calculated to be 16.4 .mu.g eq./mL, with a Tmax achieved
at 3 hr. Elimination t1/2 was 58 hrs and exposure (AUC0-.infin.)
was 788 .mu.g eq.*hr/mL, as shown in Table 41. The half life of rat
438-mIgG1 after a single 5 mg/kg i.p. dose is relatively short
(.about.2.4 d).
TABLE-US-00041 TABLE 41 Pharmacokinetics parameters of anti-Notch1
inhibitory antibody rat 438- mIgG1 in female nude mice after a
single i.p. does of 5 mg/kg. Cmax Tmax t1/2 AUClast AUC0-inf
AUC0-inf/Dose AUC Extrap MRT (ug/mL) (hr) (hr) (hr * ug/mL) (hr *
ug/mL) (hr * kg * ug/mL/mg) (%) (hr) 16.4 3 58 779 788 158 1.2 67
Note: PK parameters were generated from mean pasma concentrations
(n = 3 per time point)
[0307] Serum exposures of rat 351-mIgG1 were measured in non-tumor
bearing nude mice after a single 5 mg/kg i.v, 5 mg/kg i.p. or 30
mg/kg i.p. injection of .sup.125I-labeled rat 351-mIgG1 antibody.
The observed serum concentration values were used to calculate
multiple pharmacokinetic parameters, as shown in Table 42 and Table
43.
[0308] Table 42 shows pharmacokinetic parameters after the i.v.
administration of 5 mg/kg of .sup.125I-labeled rat 351-mIgG1 to
female nude mice. The elimination t1/2 and systemic clearance of
rat 351-mIgG1 were .about.3 days (70.2 hrs) and 1.74 mL/hr/kg,
respectively. The volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) was
177 mL/kg. The exposure (AUC0-INF) was 2871 .mu.g eq.hr/mL.
TABLE-US-00042 TABLE 42 Pharmacokinetic parameters of
.sup.125I-labeled rat 351-mIgG1 in female nude mice following i.v.
administration of a single 5 mg/kg dose. Dose C.sub.0
AUC.sub.0-last AUC.sub.0-.infin. AUC.sub.0-.infin./Dose t.sub.1/2
CL Vdss mg/kg .mu.g eq./mL .mu.g eq.hr/mL .mu.g eq.hr/mL .mu.geq. *
hr/mL/mg/kg AUC.sub.% Extrap % hrs mL/hr/kg mL/kg 5 50.6 2766 2871
574 3.68 70.2 1.74 177
[0309] Table 43 shows pharmacokinetic parameters after the i.p.
administration of 5 and 30 mg/kg of .sup.125I-labeled rat 351-mIgG1
to female nude mice. The Cmax was 30 and 151 .mu.g eq./mL,
respectively, and the Tmax was achieved at 6 hours for both dose
groups. Elimination t1/2 was 93 and 163 hours (.about.4-7 days) and
exposure (AUC0-INF) was 2754 and 24080 .mu.g eq.*hr/mL, following
the 5 and 30 mg/kg, respectively. The dose normalized AUC ratio (F)
between i.p. and i.v. administration was .about.1.4, suggesting
that absorption after i.p. administration of 30 mg/kg was complete
in mice.
TABLE-US-00043 TABLE 43 Pharmacokinetic parameters of
.sup.125I-labeled rat 351-mIgG1 antibody in female nude mice
following i.p. administration of 5 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg. C.sub.max
Dose .mu.g T.sub.max T.sub.1/2 AUC.sub.0-last AUC.sub.0-.infin.
AUC.sub.0-.infin./Dose MRT mg/kg eq./mL hrs hrs .mu.g eq. * hr/mL
.mu.g eq. * hr/mL .mu.g eq. * hr/mL/mg/kg AUC.sub.% Extrap % hrs F
% 5 29.7 6 93.2 2572 2754 551 6.64 117 95.9 30 151 6 163 18687
24080 803 22.4 221 complete
[0310] Serum and tissue exposures of non-tumor bearing nude mice to
rat 351-mIgG1 were measured after a single 5 and 30 mg/kg i.p.
injection of .sup.125I-labeled rat 351-mIgG1. For the 5 mg/kg i.p.
dose, the highest radioactive equivalent (RE) concentrations and
exposure (AUC0-INF) were found in serum at all time points
examined, followed by liver, spleen, skin, kidneys, small
intestine, large intestine, lung and eyes, as shown in Table 44.
For the 30 mg/kg i.p. dose, the highest radioactive equivalent (RE)
concentrations and exposure (AUC0-INF) were found in serum at all
time points examined, followed by liver, skin, spleen, small
intestine, lung, kidneys, eyes and large intestine, as shown in
Table 45. The data shows that rat 351-mIgG1 did not preferentially
accumulate in the large or small intestines compared to other
tissues tested for both the 5 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg i.p. doses.
TABLE-US-00044 TABLE 44 Mean tissue and serum concentrations (.mu.g
eq./g tissue) of .sup.125I-labeled rat 351-mIgG1 in nude mice
following a single i.p. dose of 5 mg/kg (n = 3 per time point).
Time, hrs 6 24 72 120 168 240 336 eyes 920 631 510 439 235 162 75
kidneys 2052 1167 1128 1029 304 229 89 L. intestine 1147 545 378
316 131 99 41 liver 12228 3417 1223 1135 501 599 140 lung 990 1294
1264 726 183 464 193 skin 2761 3435 2023 1480 665 430 192 S.
intestine 1888 767 459 389 171 144 50 spleen 2897 1411 1189 888 349
323 103 Serum 29664 16894 12303 9014 4724 2858 1359
TABLE-US-00045 TABLE 45 Mean tissue and serum concentrations (.mu.g
eq./g tissue) of .sup.125I-labeled rat 351-mIgG1 in nude mice
following i.p. administration of 30 mg/kg (n = 3 per time point).
Time, hrs 6 24 72 120 168 240 336 Eyes 8451 9733 3733 2183 2534
1899 1223 kidneys 9423 6487 8693 2722 4870 4315 967 L. intestine
5225 3175 2644 1448 1133 968 493 Liver 56856 20363 11979 5497 4843
3614 1456 Lung 10237 7091 2496 1749 2902 3002 1925 Skin 22323 17707
15125 8381 7287 4439 3011 S. intestine 10496 4505 3523 1956 1956
1491 638 Spleen 14353 6805 7346 3314 3454 3135 1111 Serum 150928
101971 80782 53137 46925 35299 22982
Sequence CWU 1
1
1521351PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 1Met Pro
Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Pro Ser Pro Leu His Pro 1 5 10 15
Gly Gly Ala Gly Arg Asp Ile Pro Pro Pro Leu Ile Glu Glu Ala Cys 20
25 30 Glu Leu Pro Glu Cys Gln Glu Asp Ala Gly Asn Lys Val Cys Ser
Leu 35 40 45 Gln Cys Asn Asn His Ala Cys Gly Trp Asp Gly Gly Asp
Cys Ser Leu 50 55 60 Asn Phe Asn Asp Pro Trp Lys Asn Cys Thr Gln
Ser Leu Gln Cys Trp 65 70 75 80 Lys Tyr Phe Ser Asp Gly His Cys Asp
Ser Gln Cys Asn Ser Ala Gly 85 90 95 Cys Leu Phe Asp Gly Phe Asp
Cys Gln Arg Ala Glu Gly Gln Cys Asn 100 105 110 Pro Leu Tyr Asp Gln
Tyr Cys Lys Asp His Phe Ser Asp Gly His Cys 115 120 125 Asp Gln Gly
Cys Asn Ser Ala Glu Cys Glu Trp Asp Gly Leu Asp Cys 130 135 140 Ala
Glu His Val Pro Glu Arg Leu Ala Ala Gly Thr Leu Val Val Val 145 150
155 160 Val Leu Met Pro Pro Glu Gln Leu Arg Asn Ser Ser Phe His Phe
Leu 165 170 175 Arg Glu Leu Ser Arg Val Leu His Thr Asn Val Val Phe
Lys Arg Asp 180 185 190 Ala His Gly Gln Gln Met Ile Phe Pro Tyr Tyr
Gly Arg Glu Glu Glu 195 200 205 Leu Arg Lys His Pro Ile Lys Arg Ala
Ala Glu Gly Trp Ala Ala Pro 210 215 220 Asp Ala Leu Leu Gly Gln Val
Lys Ala Ser Leu Leu Pro Gly Gly Ser 225 230 235 240 Glu Gly Gly Arg
Arg Arg Arg Glu Leu Asp Pro Met Asp Val Arg Gly 245 250 255 Ser Ile
Val Tyr Leu Glu Ile Asp Asn Arg Gln Cys Val Gln Ala Ser 260 265 270
Ser Gln Cys Phe Gln Ser Ala Thr Asp Val Ala Ala Phe Leu Gly Ala 275
280 285 Leu Ala Ser Leu Gly Ser Leu Asn Ile Pro Tyr Lys Ile Glu Ala
Val 290 295 300 Gln Ser Glu Thr Val Glu Pro Pro Pro Pro Ala Gln Leu
His Phe Met 305 310 315 320 Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Asn Asp
Ile Phe Glu Ala Gln Lys 325 330 335 Ile Glu Trp His Glu Gly Gly Pro
Pro His His His His His His 340 345 350 2304PRTHomo sapiens 2Gly
Gly Ala Gly Arg Asp Ile Pro Pro Pro Leu Ile Glu Glu Ala Cys 1 5 10
15 Glu Leu Pro Glu Cys Gln Glu Asp Ala Gly Asn Lys Val Cys Ser Leu
20 25 30 Gln Cys Asn Asn His Ala Cys Gly Trp Asp Gly Gly Asp Cys
Ser Leu 35 40 45 Asn Phe Asn Asp Pro Trp Lys Asn Cys Thr Gln Ser
Leu Gln Cys Trp 50 55 60 Lys Tyr Phe Ser Asp Gly His Cys Asp Ser
Gln Cys Asn Ser Ala Gly 65 70 75 80 Cys Leu Phe Asp Gly Phe Asp Cys
Gln Arg Ala Glu Gly Gln Cys Asn 85 90 95 Pro Leu Tyr Asp Gln Tyr
Cys Lys Asp His Phe Ser Asp Gly His Cys 100 105 110 Asp Gln Gly Cys
Asn Ser Ala Glu Cys Glu Trp Asp Gly Leu Asp Cys 115 120 125 Ala Glu
His Val Pro Glu Arg Leu Ala Ala Gly Thr Leu Val Val Val 130 135 140
Val Leu Met Pro Pro Glu Gln Leu Arg Asn Ser Ser Phe His Phe Leu 145
150 155 160 Arg Glu Leu Ser Arg Val Leu His Thr Asn Val Val Phe Lys
Arg Asp 165 170 175 Ala His Gly Gln Gln Met Ile Phe Pro Tyr Tyr Gly
Arg Glu Glu Glu 180 185 190 Leu Arg Lys His Pro Ile Lys Arg Ala Ala
Glu Gly Trp Ala Ala Pro 195 200 205 Asp Ala Leu Leu Gly Gln Val Lys
Ala Ser Leu Leu Pro Gly Gly Ser 210 215 220 Glu Gly Gly Arg Arg Arg
Arg Glu Leu Asp Pro Met Asp Val Arg Gly 225 230 235 240 Ser Ile Val
Tyr Leu Glu Ile Asp Asn Arg Gln Cys Val Gln Ala Ser 245 250 255 Ser
Gln Cys Phe Gln Ser Ala Thr Asp Val Ala Ala Phe Leu Gly Ala 260 265
270 Leu Ala Ser Leu Gly Ser Leu Asn Ile Pro Tyr Lys Ile Glu Ala Val
275 280 285 Gln Ser Glu Thr Val Glu Pro Pro Pro Pro Ala Gln Leu His
Phe Met 290 295 300 31053DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide
sequence 3atgcctctcc tcctcttgct gctcctgctg ccaagcccct tacacgcggg
tggggccggg 60cgcgacatcc ccccgccgct gatcgaggag gcgtgcgagc tgcccgagtg
ccaggaggac 120gcgggcaaca aggtctgcag cctgcagtgc aacaaccacg
cgtgcggctg ggacggcggt 180gactgctccc tcaacttcaa tgacccctgg
aagaactgca cgcagtctct gcagtgctgg 240aagtacttca gtgacggcca
ctgtgacagc cagtgcaact cagccggctg cctcttcgac 300ggctttgact
gccagcgtgc ggaaggccag tgcaaccccc tgtacgacca gtactgcaag
360gaccacttca gcgacgggca ctgcgaccag ggctgcaaca gcgcggagtg
cgagtgggac 420gggctggact gtgcggagca tgtacccgag aggctggcgg
ccggcacgct ggtggtggtg 480gtgctgatgc cgccggagca gctgcgcaac
agctccttcc acttcctgcg ggagctcagc 540cgcgtgctgc acaccaacgt
ggtcttcaag cgtgacgcac acggccagca gatgatcttc 600ccctactacg
gccgcgagga ggagctgcgc aagcacccca tcaagcgtgc cgccgagggc
660tgggccgcac ctgacgccct gctgggccag gtgaaggcct cgctgctccc
tggtggcagc 720gagggtgggc ggcggcggag ggagctggac cccatggacg
tccgcggctc catcgtctac 780ctggagattg acaaccggca gtgtgtgcag
gcctcctcgc agtgcttcca gagtgccacc 840gacgtggccg cattcctggg
agcgctcgcc tcgctgggca gcctcaacat cccctacaag 900atcgaggccg
tgcagagtga gaccgtggag ccgcccccgc cggcgcagct gcacttcatg
960ggagggggaa gcggaggcgg actgaacgac atcttcgagg ctcagaaaat
cgaatggcac 1020gaaggtggcc caccacatca tcatcatcat cac 10534912DNAHomo
sapiens 4ggtggggccg ggcgcgacat ccccccgccg ctgatcgagg aggcgtgcga
gctgcccgag 60tgccaggagg acgcgggcaa caaggtctgc agcctgcagt gcaacaacca
cgcgtgcggc 120tgggacggcg gtgactgctc cctcaacttc aatgacccct
ggaagaactg cacgcagtct 180ctgcagtgct ggaagtactt cagtgacggc
cactgtgaca gccagtgcaa ctcagccggc 240tgcctcttcg acggctttga
ctgccagcgt gcggaaggcc agtgcaaccc cctgtacgac 300cagtactgca
aggaccactt cagcgacggg cactgcgacc agggctgcaa cagcgcggag
360tgcgagtggg acgggctgga ctgtgcggag catgtacccg agaggctggc
ggccggcacg 420ctggtggtgg tggtgctgat gccgccggag cagctgcgca
acagctcctt ccacttcctg 480cgggagctca gccgcgtgct gcacaccaac
gtggtcttca agcgtgacgc acacggccag 540cagatgatct tcccctacta
cggccgcgag gaggagctgc gcaagcaccc catcaagcgt 600gccgccgagg
gctgggccgc acctgacgcc ctgctgggcc aggtgaaggc ctcgctgctc
660cctggtggca gcgagggtgg gcggcggcgg agggagctgg accccatgga
cgtccgcggc 720tccatcgtct acctggagat tgacaaccgg cagtgtgtgc
aggcctcctc gcagtgcttc 780cagagtgcca ccgacgtggc cgcattcctg
ggagcgctcg cctcgctggg cagcctcaac 840atcccctaca agatcgaggc
cgtgcagagt gagaccgtgg agccgccccc gccggcgcag 900ctgcacttca tg
9125341PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 5Met Pro
Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Pro Ser Pro Leu His Pro 1 5 10 15
Gly Gly Ala Gly Arg Asp Ile Pro Pro Pro Gln Ile Glu Glu Ala Cys 20
25 30 Glu Leu Pro Glu Cys Gln Val Asp Ala Gly Asn Lys Val Cys Asn
Leu 35 40 45 Gln Cys Asn Asn His Ala Cys Gly Trp Asp Gly Gly Asp
Cys Ser Leu 50 55 60 Asn Phe Asn Asp Pro Trp Lys Asn Cys Thr Gln
Ser Leu Gln Cys Trp 65 70 75 80 Lys Tyr Phe Ser Asp Gly His Cys Asp
Ser Gln Cys Asn Ser Ala Gly 85 90 95 Cys Leu Phe Asp Gly Phe Asp
Cys Gln Leu Thr Glu Gly Gln Cys Asn 100 105 110 Pro Leu Tyr Asp Gln
Tyr Cys Lys Asp His Phe Ser Asp Gly His Cys 115 120 125 Asp Gln Gly
Cys Asn Ser Ala Glu Cys Glu Trp Asp Gly Leu Asp Cys 130 135 140 Ala
Glu His Val Pro Glu Arg Leu Ala Ala Gly Thr Leu Val Leu Val 145 150
155 160 Val Leu Leu Pro Pro Asp Gln Leu Arg Asn Asn Ser Phe His Phe
Leu 165 170 175 Arg Glu Leu Ser His Val Leu His Thr Asn Val Val Phe
Lys Arg Asp 180 185 190 Ala Gln Gly Gln Gln Met Ile Phe Pro Tyr Tyr
Gly His Glu Glu Glu 195 200 205 Leu Arg Lys His Pro Ile Lys Arg Ser
Thr Val Gly Trp Ala Thr Ser 210 215 220 Ser Leu Leu Pro Gly Thr Ser
Gly Gly Arg Gln Arg Arg Glu Leu Asp 225 230 235 240 Pro Met Asp Ile
Arg Gly Ser Ile Val Tyr Leu Glu Ile Asp Asn Arg 245 250 255 Gln Cys
Val Gln Ser Ser Ser Gln Cys Phe Gln Ser Ala Thr Asp Val 260 265 270
Ala Ala Phe Leu Gly Ala Leu Ala Ser Leu Gly Ser Leu Asn Ile Pro 275
280 285 Tyr Lys Ile Glu Ala Val Lys Ser Glu Pro Val Glu Pro Pro Leu
Pro 290 295 300 Ser Gln Leu His Leu Met Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly
Leu Asn Asp 305 310 315 320 Ile Phe Glu Ala Gln Lys Ile Glu Trp His
Glu Gly Gly Pro Pro His 325 330 335 His His His His His 340
6294PRTMus musculus 6Gly Gly Ala Gly Arg Asp Ile Pro Pro Pro Gln
Ile Glu Glu Ala Cys 1 5 10 15 Glu Leu Pro Glu Cys Gln Val Asp Ala
Gly Asn Lys Val Cys Asn Leu 20 25 30 Gln Cys Asn Asn His Ala Cys
Gly Trp Asp Gly Gly Asp Cys Ser Leu 35 40 45 Asn Phe Asn Asp Pro
Trp Lys Asn Cys Thr Gln Ser Leu Gln Cys Trp 50 55 60 Lys Tyr Phe
Ser Asp Gly His Cys Asp Ser Gln Cys Asn Ser Ala Gly 65 70 75 80 Cys
Leu Phe Asp Gly Phe Asp Cys Gln Leu Thr Glu Gly Gln Cys Asn 85 90
95 Pro Leu Tyr Asp Gln Tyr Cys Lys Asp His Phe Ser Asp Gly His Cys
100 105 110 Asp Gln Gly Cys Asn Ser Ala Glu Cys Glu Trp Asp Gly Leu
Asp Cys 115 120 125 Ala Glu His Val Pro Glu Arg Leu Ala Ala Gly Thr
Leu Val Leu Val 130 135 140 Val Leu Leu Pro Pro Asp Gln Leu Arg Asn
Asn Ser Phe His Phe Leu 145 150 155 160 Arg Glu Leu Ser His Val Leu
His Thr Asn Val Val Phe Lys Arg Asp 165 170 175 Ala Gln Gly Gln Gln
Met Ile Phe Pro Tyr Tyr Gly His Glu Glu Glu 180 185 190 Leu Arg Lys
His Pro Ile Lys Arg Ser Thr Val Gly Trp Ala Thr Ser 195 200 205 Ser
Leu Leu Pro Gly Thr Ser Gly Gly Arg Gln Arg Arg Glu Leu Asp 210 215
220 Pro Met Asp Ile Arg Gly Ser Ile Val Tyr Leu Glu Ile Asp Asn Arg
225 230 235 240 Gln Cys Val Gln Ser Ser Ser Gln Cys Phe Gln Ser Ala
Thr Asp Val 245 250 255 Ala Ala Phe Leu Gly Ala Leu Ala Ser Leu Gly
Ser Leu Asn Ile Pro 260 265 270 Tyr Lys Ile Glu Ala Val Lys Ser Glu
Pro Val Glu Pro Pro Leu Pro 275 280 285 Ser Gln Leu His Leu Met 290
71023DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
7atgcctctcc tcctcttgct gctcctgctg ccaagcccct tacacgcggg tggcgctggg
60cgcgacattc ccccaccgca gattgaggag gcctgtgagc tgcctgagtg ccaggtggat
120gcaggcaata aggtctgcaa cctgcagtgt aataatcacg catgtggctg
ggatggtggc 180gactgctccc tcaacttcaa tgacccctgg aagaactgca
cgcagtctct acagtgctgg 240aagtatttta gcgacggcca ctgtgacagc
cagtgcaact cggccggctg cctctttgat 300ggcttcgact gccagctcac
cgagggacag tgcaaccccc tgtatgacca gtactgcaag 360gaccacttca
gtgatggcca ctgcgaccag ggctgtaaca gtgccgaatg tgagtgggat
420ggcctagact gtgctgagca tgtacccgag cggctggcag ccggcaccct
ggtgctggtg 480gtgctgcttc cacccgacca gctacggaac aactccttcc
actttctgcg ggagctcagc 540cacgtgctgc acaccaacgt ggtcttcaag
cgtgatgcgc aaggccagca gatgatcttc 600ccgtactatg gccacgagga
agagctgcgc aagcacccaa tcaagcgctc tacagtgggt 660tgggccacct
cttcactgct tcctggtacc agtggtgggc gccagcgcag ggagctggac
720cccatggaca tccgtggctc cattgtctac ctggagatcg acaaccggca
atgtgtgcag 780tcatcctcgc agtgcttcca gagtgccacc gatgtggctg
ccttcctagg tgctcttgcg 840tcacttggca gcctcaatat tccttacaag
attgaggccg tgaagagtga gccggtggag 900cctccgctgc cctcgcagct
gcacctcatg ggagggggaa gcggaggcgg actgaacgac 960atcttcgagg
ctcagaaaat cgaatggcac gaaggtggcc caccacatca tcatcatcat 1020cac
10238882DNAMus musculus 8ggtggcgctg ggcgcgacat tcccccaccg
cagattgagg aggcctgtga gctgcctgag 60tgccaggtgg atgcaggcaa taaggtctgc
aacctgcagt gtaataatca cgcatgtggc 120tgggatggtg gcgactgctc
cctcaacttc aatgacccct ggaagaactg cacgcagtct 180ctacagtgct
ggaagtattt tagcgacggc cactgtgaca gccagtgcaa ctcggccggc
240tgcctctttg atggcttcga ctgccagctc accgagggac agtgcaaccc
cctgtatgac 300cagtactgca aggaccactt cagtgatggc cactgcgacc
agggctgtaa cagtgccgaa 360tgtgagtggg atggcctaga ctgtgctgag
catgtacccg agcggctggc agccggcacc 420ctggtgctgg tggtgctgct
tccacccgac cagctacgga acaactcctt ccactttctg 480cgggagctca
gccacgtgct gcacaccaac gtggtcttca agcgtgatgc gcaaggccag
540cagatgatct tcccgtacta tggccacgag gaagagctgc gcaagcaccc
aatcaagcgc 600tctacagtgg gttgggccac ctcttcactg cttcctggta
ccagtggtgg gcgccagcgc 660agggagctgg accccatgga catccgtggc
tccattgtct acctggagat cgacaaccgg 720caatgtgtgc agtcatcctc
gcagtgcttc cagagtgcca ccgatgtggc tgccttccta 780ggtgctcttg
cgtcacttgg cagcctcaat attccttaca agattgaggc cgtgaagagt
840gagccggtgg agcctccgct gccctcgcag ctgcacctca tg
8829564PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 9Met Gly
Trp Ser Cys Ile Ile Leu Phe Leu Val Ala Thr Ala Thr Gly 1 5 10 15
Ala His Ser Gly Gly Ala Gly Arg Asp Ile Pro Pro Pro Leu Ile Glu 20
25 30 Glu Ala Cys Glu Leu Pro Glu Cys Gln Glu Asp Ala Gly Asn Lys
Val 35 40 45 Cys Ser Leu Gln Cys Asn Asn His Ala Cys Gly Trp Asp
Gly Gly Asp 50 55 60 Cys Ser Leu Asn Phe Asn Asp Pro Trp Lys Asn
Cys Thr Gln Ser Leu 65 70 75 80 Gln Cys Trp Lys Tyr Phe Ser Asp Gly
His Cys Asp Ser Gln Cys Asn 85 90 95 Ser Ala Gly Cys Leu Phe Asp
Gly Phe Asp Cys Gln Arg Ala Glu Gly 100 105 110 Gln Cys Asn Pro Leu
Tyr Asp Gln Tyr Cys Lys Asp His Phe Ser Asp 115 120 125 Gly His Cys
Asp Gln Gly Cys Asn Ser Ala Glu Cys Glu Trp Asp Gly 130 135 140 Leu
Asp Cys Ala Glu His Val Pro Glu Arg Leu Ala Ala Gly Thr Leu 145 150
155 160 Val Val Val Val Leu Met Pro Pro Glu Gln Leu Arg Asn Ser Ser
Phe 165 170 175 His Phe Leu Arg Glu Leu Ser Arg Val Leu His Thr Asn
Val Val Phe 180 185 190 Lys Arg Asp Ala His Gly Gln Gln Met Ile Phe
Pro Tyr Tyr Gly Arg 195 200 205 Glu Glu Glu Leu Arg Lys His Pro Ile
Lys Arg Ala Ala Glu Gly Trp 210 215 220 Ala Ala Pro Glu Ala Leu Leu
Gly Gln Val Lys Ala Ser Leu Leu Pro 225 230 235 240 Gly Gly Gly Gly
Gly Gly Arg Arg Arg Arg Glu Leu Asp Pro Met Asp 245 250 255 Val Arg
Gly Ser Ile Val Tyr Leu Glu Ile Asp Asn Arg Gln Cys Val 260 265 270
Gln Ala Ser Ser Gln Cys Phe Gln Ser Ala Thr Asp Val Ala Ala Phe 275
280 285 Leu Gly Ala Leu Ala Ser Leu Gly Ser Leu Asn Ile Pro Tyr Lys
Ile 290 295 300 Glu Ala Val Gln Ser Glu Thr Val Glu Pro Pro Pro Pro
Ala Gln Leu 305 310 315 320 His Phe Met Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly
Gly Gly Glu Pro Lys Ser 325 330 335 Ser Asp Lys Thr His Thr Cys Pro
Pro Cys Pro Ala Pro Glu Leu Leu 340 345 350
Gly Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro Lys Pro Lys Asp Thr Leu 355
360 365 Met Ile Ser Arg Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Cys Val Val Val Asp Val
Ser 370 375 380 His Glu Asp Pro Glu Val Lys Phe Asn Trp Tyr Val Asp
Gly Val Glu 385 390 395 400 Val His Asn Ala Lys Thr Lys Pro Arg Glu
Glu Gln Tyr Asn Ser Thr 405 410 415 Tyr Arg Val Val Ser Val Leu Thr
Val Leu His Gln Asp Trp Leu Asn 420 425 430 Gly Lys Glu Tyr Lys Cys
Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Ala Leu Pro Ala Pro 435 440 445 Ile Glu Lys Thr
Ile Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro Arg Glu Pro Gln 450 455 460 Val Tyr
Thr Leu Pro Pro Ser Arg Glu Glu Met Thr Lys Asn Gln Val 465 470 475
480 Ser Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr Pro Ser Asp Ile Ala Val
485 490 495 Glu Trp Glu Ser Asn Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn Asn Tyr Lys Thr
Thr Pro 500 505 510 Pro Val Leu Asp Ser Asp Gly Ser Phe Phe Leu Tyr
Ser Lys Leu Thr 515 520 525 Val Asp Lys Ser Arg Trp Gln Gln Gly Asn
Val Phe Ser Cys Ser Val 530 535 540 Met His Glu Ala Leu His Asn His
Tyr Thr Gln Lys Ser Leu Ser Leu 545 550 555 560 Ser Pro Gly Lys
10304PRTMacaca fascicularis 10Gly Gly Ala Gly Arg Asp Ile Pro Pro
Pro Leu Ile Glu Glu Ala Cys 1 5 10 15 Glu Leu Pro Glu Cys Gln Glu
Asp Ala Gly Asn Lys Val Cys Ser Leu 20 25 30 Gln Cys Asn Asn His
Ala Cys Gly Trp Asp Gly Gly Asp Cys Ser Leu 35 40 45 Asn Phe Asn
Asp Pro Trp Lys Asn Cys Thr Gln Ser Leu Gln Cys Trp 50 55 60 Lys
Tyr Phe Ser Asp Gly His Cys Asp Ser Gln Cys Asn Ser Ala Gly 65 70
75 80 Cys Leu Phe Asp Gly Phe Asp Cys Gln Arg Ala Glu Gly Gln Cys
Asn 85 90 95 Pro Leu Tyr Asp Gln Tyr Cys Lys Asp His Phe Ser Asp
Gly His Cys 100 105 110 Asp Gln Gly Cys Asn Ser Ala Glu Cys Glu Trp
Asp Gly Leu Asp Cys 115 120 125 Ala Glu His Val Pro Glu Arg Leu Ala
Ala Gly Thr Leu Val Val Val 130 135 140 Val Leu Met Pro Pro Glu Gln
Leu Arg Asn Ser Ser Phe His Phe Leu 145 150 155 160 Arg Glu Leu Ser
Arg Val Leu His Thr Asn Val Val Phe Lys Arg Asp 165 170 175 Ala His
Gly Gln Gln Met Ile Phe Pro Tyr Tyr Gly Arg Glu Glu Glu 180 185 190
Leu Arg Lys His Pro Ile Lys Arg Ala Ala Glu Gly Trp Ala Ala Pro 195
200 205 Glu Ala Leu Leu Gly Gln Val Lys Ala Ser Leu Leu Pro Gly Gly
Gly 210 215 220 Gly Gly Gly Arg Arg Arg Arg Glu Leu Asp Pro Met Asp
Val Arg Gly 225 230 235 240 Ser Ile Val Tyr Leu Glu Ile Asp Asn Arg
Gln Cys Val Gln Ala Ser 245 250 255 Ser Gln Cys Phe Gln Ser Ala Thr
Asp Val Ala Ala Phe Leu Gly Ala 260 265 270 Leu Ala Ser Leu Gly Ser
Leu Asn Ile Pro Tyr Lys Ile Glu Ala Val 275 280 285 Gln Ser Glu Thr
Val Glu Pro Pro Pro Pro Ala Gln Leu His Phe Met 290 295 300
111692DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
11atgggatgga gctgtatcat cctcttcttg gtagcaacag ctacaggcgc gcactccggt
60ggggccgggc gcgacatccc cccgccgctg atcgaggagg cgtgcgagct gcccgagtgc
120caggaggacg cgggcaacaa ggtctgcagc ctgcagtgca acaaccacgc
gtgcggctgg 180gacggcggtg actgctccct caacttcaat gacccctgga
agaactgcac gcagtctctg 240cagtgctgga agtacttcag tgacggccac
tgtgacagcc agtgcaactc agccggctgc 300ctcttcgacg gctttgactg
ccagcgtgcg gaaggccagt gcaaccccct gtacgaccag 360tactgcaagg
accacttcag cgacgggcac tgcgaccagg gctgcaacag cgcggagtgc
420gagtgggacg ggctggactg tgcggagcat gtacccgaga ggctggcggc
cggcacgctg 480gtggtggtgg tgctgatgcc gccggagcag ctgcgcaaca
gctccttcca cttcctgcgg 540gagctcagcc gcgtgctgca caccaacgtg
gtcttcaagc gtgacgcaca cggccagcag 600atgatcttcc cctactacgg
ccgcgaggag gagctgcgca agcaccccat caagcgtgcc 660gccgagggct
gggccgcacc tgaagccctg ctgggccagg tgaaggcctc gctgctccct
720ggtggcggtg gaggtgggcg gcggcggagg gagctggacc ccatggacgt
ccgcggctcc 780atcgtctacc tggagattga caaccggcag tgtgtgcagg
cctcctcgca gtgcttccag 840agtgccaccg acgtggccgc attcctggga
gcgctcgcct cgctgggcag cctcaacatc 900ccctacaaga tcgaggccgt
gcagagtgag accgtggagc cgcccccgcc ggcgcagctg 960cacttcatgg
gagggggcgg atccggcgga ggcggagagc ccaaatcttc tgacaaaact
1020cacacatgcc caccgtgccc agcacctgaa ctcctggggg gaccgtcagt
cttcctcttc 1080cccccaaaac ccaaggacac cctcatgatc tcccggaccc
ctgaggtcac atgcgtggtg 1140gtggacgtga gccacgaaga ccctgaggtc
aagttcaact ggtacgtgga cggcgtggag 1200gtgcataatg ccaagacaaa
gccgcgggag gagcagtaca acagcacgta ccgtgtggtc 1260agcgtcctca
ccgtcctgca ccaggactgg ctgaatggca aggagtacaa gtgcaaggtc
1320tccaacaaag ccctcccagc ccccatcgag aaaaccatct ccaaagccaa
agggcagccc 1380cgagaaccac aggtgtacac cctgccccca tcccgggagg
agatgaccaa gaaccaggtc 1440agcctgacct gcctggtcaa aggcttctat
cccagcgaca tcgccgtgga gtgggagagc 1500aatgggcagc cggagaacaa
ctacaagacc acgcctcccg tgctggactc cgacggctcc 1560ttcttcctct
atagcaagct caccgtggac aagagcaggt ggcagcaggg gaacgtcttc
1620tcatgctccg tgatgcatga ggctctgcac aaccactaca cgcagaagag
cctctccctg 1680tccccgggta aa 169212912DNAMacaca fascicularis
12ggtggggccg ggcgcgacat ccccccgccg ctgatcgagg aggcgtgcga gctgcccgag
60tgccaggagg acgcgggcaa caaggtctgc agcctgcagt gcaacaacca cgcgtgcggc
120tgggacggcg gtgactgctc cctcaacttc aatgacccct ggaagaactg
cacgcagtct 180ctgcagtgct ggaagtactt cagtgacggc cactgtgaca
gccagtgcaa ctcagccggc 240tgcctcttcg acggctttga ctgccagcgt
gcggaaggcc agtgcaaccc cctgtacgac 300cagtactgca aggaccactt
cagcgacggg cactgcgacc agggctgcaa cagcgcggag 360tgcgagtggg
acgggctgga ctgtgcggag catgtacccg agaggctggc ggccggcacg
420ctggtggtgg tggtgctgat gccgccggag cagctgcgca acagctcctt
ccacttcctg 480cgggagctca gccgcgtgct gcacaccaac gtggtcttca
agcgtgacgc acacggccag 540cagatgatct tcccctacta cggccgcgag
gaggagctgc gcaagcaccc catcaagcgt 600gccgccgagg gctgggccgc
acctgaagcc ctgctgggcc aggtgaaggc ctcgctgctc 660cctggtggcg
gtggaggtgg gcggcggcgg agggagctgg accccatgga cgtccgcggc
720tccatcgtct acctggagat tgacaaccgg cagtgtgtgc aggcctcctc
gcagtgcttc 780cagagtgcca ccgacgtggc cgcattcctg ggagcgctcg
cctcgctggg cagcctcaac 840atcccctaca agatcgaggc cgtgcagagt
gagaccgtgg agccgccccc gccggcgcag 900ctgcacttca tg
91213123PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 13Ala Val
Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Arg 1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Lys Leu Ser Cys Thr Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Ser Phe 20
25 30 Ala Met Ala Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Thr Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp
Val 35 40 45 Ala Ser Ile Ser Tyr Gly Gly Ala Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Arg
Asp Ser Val 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala
Lys Ser Ser Leu Tyr 65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Asp Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu
Asp Thr Ser Thr Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Lys Asp Leu Pro Tyr Tyr
Gly Tyr Thr Pro Phe Val Met Asp Ala 100 105 110 Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr
Ser Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 120 14369DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 14gcggtacagt tggtggagtc
tgggggaggc ttagtgcagc ctggaaggtc cttgaaactc 60tcctgtacag cctctggatt
cactttcagt agctttgcaa tggcctgggt ccgccaggct 120ccaacgaagg
ggctggagtg ggtcgcatcc attagttatg gtggtgctga cacttactat
180cgagactccg tgaagggccg attcactatc tccagagata atgcaaaaag
cagcctatat 240ttgcaaatgg acagtctgag gtctgaggac acgtccactt
attactgtgc aaaagacctt 300ccatactacg gatatacccc ctttgttatg
gatgcctggg gtcagggaac ttcagtcact 360gtctcctca 369155PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 15Ser Phe Ala Met Ala 1 5
1610PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 16Gly Phe Thr
Phe Ser Ser Phe Ala Met Ala 1 5 10 1715DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 17tccttcgcca tggcc
151830DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
18ggattcacct ttagttcctt cgccatggcc 301917PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 19Ser Ile Ser Tyr Gly Gly Ala
Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Arg Asp Ser Val Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly 206PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 20Ser Tyr Gly Gly Ala Asp 1 5
2151DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
21tccatctcct atggaggcgc tgacacctac taccgggact ccgtgaaggg c
512217DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
22cctatggagg cgctgac 172314PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 23Asp Leu Pro Tyr Tyr Gly Tyr Thr Pro Phe Val Met Asp Ala
1 5 10 2442DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
24gatctgccct actacggcta cacccccttc gtgatggacg cc
4225107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 25Asp Ile
Met Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Pro Thr Leu Ser Val Thr Pro Gly 1 5 10 15
Glu Thr Ile Ser Leu Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp 20
25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Asn Glu Ser Pro Arg Val Leu
Ile 35 40 45 Lys Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg
Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Asn Ile
Asn Arg Val Glu Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ser Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln
Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Ala Gly Thr Lys
Leu Glu Leu Lys 100 105 26321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic
nucleotide sequence 26gacatcatgc tgactcagtc tccacctacc ctgtctgtaa
ctccaggaga gaccatcagt 60ctctcctgca gggccagtca gagaattaac actgacttac
attggtatca gcaaaaacca 120aatgagtctc caagggttct catcaaattt
gcttcccaga ccatctctgg agtcccctcc 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc
agggacagat ttcactctca atattaacag agtagagcct 240gaagattttt
cagtttatta ctgtcaacag agtaatagct ggccatacac gtttggcgct
300gggaccaagc tggaactgaa a 3212711PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
peptide sequence 27Arg Ala Ser Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp Leu His 1 5
10 2833DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
28cgggcctccc agcggatcaa caccgacctg cac 33297PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 29Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser 1
5 3021DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
30ttcgccagcc agaccatctc c 21319PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
peptide sequence 31Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr Thr 1 5
3227DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
32cagcagtcca actcctggcc ctacacc 2733119PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 33Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser
Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Arg 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Lys Val Ser
Cys Leu Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser His Tyr 20 25 30 Gly Met Asn
Trp Ile Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Asp Trp Val 35 40 45 Ala
Ser Ile Ser Arg Ser Gly Ser Tyr Ile Arg Tyr Val Asp Thr Val 50 55
60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Val Ser Arg Asp Ile Ala Lys Asn Thr Leu Tyr
65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Thr Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Leu Tyr
Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Glu Gly Gln Phe Gly Asp Tyr Phe Glu Tyr
Trp Gly Gln Gly 100 105 110 Val Met Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
34357DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
34gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc tggaggaggc ttagtgcagc ctggaaggtc cctgaaagtc
60tcctgtttag cctctggatt cactttcagt cactatggaa tgaactggat tcgccaggct
120ccagggaagg ggctggactg ggttgcatct attagtagga gtggcagtta
catccgctat 180gtagacacag tgaagggccg attcaccgtc tccagagaca
ttgccaagaa caccctgtac 240ctgcaaatga ccagtctgag gtctgaagac
actgccttgt attactgtgc aagagaggga 300caattcgggg actactttga
gtactggggc caaggagtca tggtcacagt ctcctca 357355PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 35His Tyr Gly Met Asn 1 5
3610PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 36Gly Phe Thr
Phe Ser His Tyr Gly Met Asn 1 5 10 3715DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 37cactatggaa tgaac
153830DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
38ggattcactt tcagtcacta tggaatgaac 303917PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 39Ser Ile Ser Arg Ser Gly Ser
Tyr Ile Arg Tyr Val Asp Thr Val Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly 406PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 40Ser Arg Ser Gly Ser Tyr 1 5
4151DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
41tctattagta ggagtggcag ttacatccgc tatgtagaca cagtgaaggg c
514218DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
42agtaggagtg gcagttac 184310PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 43Glu Gly Gln Phe Gly Asp Tyr Phe Glu Tyr 1 5 10
4430DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
44gagggacaat tcggggacta ctttgagtac 3045107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 45Asp Ile Met Leu Thr Gln Ser
Pro Ala Thr Leu Ser Val Thr Pro Gly 1 5 10 15 Glu Arg Ile Ser Leu
Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Lys Ile Ser Thr Asn 20 25 30 Leu His Trp
Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Asn Glu Ser Pro Arg Ile Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys
Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Ile Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55
60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu His Ile Asn Thr Val Glu Pro
65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ser Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Thr Asn Ser Trp
Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100
105 46321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
46gacatcatgc tgactcagtc tccagctacc ctgtctgtaa ctccaggaga gagaatcagt
60ctctcctgca gggccagtca gaaaattagc actaacttac attggtatca gcaaaagcca
120aatgagtctc caaggattct catcaaatat gcttcccaga ccatctctgg
aatcccctcc 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc agggacagat ttcactctcc
atattaacac agtagagcct 240gaagattttt cagtttatta ctgtcaacag
actaatagtt ggccgctcac gttcggttct 300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa g
3214711PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 47Arg Ala
Ser Gln Lys Ile Ser Thr Asn Leu His 1 5 10 4833DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 48agggccagtc agaaaattag
cactaactta cat 33497PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 49Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser 1 5 5021DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 50tatgcttccc agaccatctc t
21519PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 51Gln Gln Thr
Asn Ser Trp Pro Leu Thr 1 5 5227DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic
nucleotide sequence 52caacagacta atagttggcc gctcacg
2753119PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 53Glu Val
Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Arg 1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Lys Leu Ser Cys Leu Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser His Tyr 20
25 30 Gly Val Asn Trp Ile Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp
Ile 35 40 45
Ala Ser Ile Ser Arg Ser Ser Ser Tyr Ile Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Thr Val 50
55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Lys Asn Thr Leu
Phe 65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Leu Thr Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Leu
Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Glu Gly Gln Phe Gly Asp Tyr Phe Glu
Tyr Trp Gly Arg Gly 100 105 110 Val Met Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
54357DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
54gaggtgcagc tagtggagtc tggaggaggc ttagtgcagc ctggaaggtc cctgaaactc
60tcctgtttag cctctggatt cactttcagt cactatggag tgaactggat tcgccaggct
120ccagggaagg ggctggaatg gattgcatct attagtagaa gtagcagtta
catctactat 180gcagacacag tgaagggccg attcaccatc tccagagaca
atgccaagaa caccctgttc 240ctgcaattga ccagtctgag gtctgaagac
actgccttgt attactgtgc aagagagggg 300caattcgggg actactttga
atactggggc cgaggagtca tggtcacagt ctcctca 35755107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 55Asp Ile Ile Leu Thr Gln Ser
Pro Ala Ala Leu Ser Val Thr Pro Gly 1 5 10 15 Glu Ser Ile Ser Leu
Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Ser Ile Asn Thr Asn 20 25 30 Leu His Trp
Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Asn Glu Ser Pro Arg Val Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys
Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Ile Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55
60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Asn Ile Asn Arg Val Glu Pro
65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ser Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp
Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100
105 56321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
56gacatcatac tgactcagtc tccagctgcc ctgtctgtaa ctccaggaga gagcatcagt
60ctctcctgca gggccagtca gagtattaac actaacttgc attggtatca gcaaaaacca
120aatgagtctc caagggttct catcaaatat gcttcccaga ccatctctgg
aatcccctcc 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc agggacagat ttcactctca
atattaacag agtagagcct 240gaagattttt cagtttatta ctgtcaacag
agtaatagct ggccgctcac gttcggttct 300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a
32157119PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 57Glu Val
Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Arg 1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Lys Leu Ser Cys Leu Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser His Tyr 20
25 30 Gly Met Asn Trp Ile Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp
Ile 35 40 45 Thr Ser Ile Thr Ser Ser Ser Ser Tyr Ile Tyr Tyr Ala
Asp Thr Val 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala
Lys Asn Thr Leu Tyr 65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Thr Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu
Asp Thr Ala Leu Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Glu Gly Gln Phe Gly
Asp Tyr Phe Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly 100 105 110 Val Met Val Thr Val
Ser Ser 115 58357DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide
sequence 58gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc tggaggaggc ttagtgcagc ctggaaggtc
cctgaaactc 60tcctgtttag cctctggatt cactttcagt cactatggaa tgaactggat
tcgccaggct 120ccagggaagg ggctggagtg gattacatct attactagta
gtagcagtta catctactat 180gcagacacag tgaagggccg attcaccatc
tccagagaca atgccaagaa caccctgtac 240ctgcaaatga ccagtctgag
gtctgaagac actgccttgt attactgtgc aagagagggg 300caattcgggg
actactttga ttactggggc caaggagtca tggtcacagt ctcctca
35759107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 59Asp Ile
Met Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ala Thr Leu Ser Val Thr Pro Gly 1 5 10 15
Glu Ser Ile Ser Leu Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Ser Ile Asn Thr Asn 20
25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Asn Glu Ser Pro Arg Val Leu
Ile 35 40 45 Lys Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Ile Pro Ser Arg
Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Asn Ile
Asn Arg Val Glu Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ser Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln
Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Lys
Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105 60321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic
nucleotide sequence 60gacatcatgc tgactcagtc tccagctacc ctgtctgtaa
ctccaggaga gagcatcagt 60ctctcctgca gggccagtca gagtattaac actaacttac
attggtatca gcaaaaacca 120aatgagtctc caagggttct catcaaatat
gcttcccaga ccatctctgg aatcccctcc 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc
agggacagat ttcactctca atattaacag agtagagcct 240gaagattttt
cagtttatta ctgtcaacag agtaatagct ggccgctcac gttcggttct
300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a 32161119PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
peptide sequence 61Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val
Gln Pro Gly Arg 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Lys Leu Ser Cys Leu Ala Ser Gly
Phe Thr Phe Ser His Tyr 20 25 30 Gly Met Asn Trp Ile Arg Gln Ala
Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile 35 40 45 Thr Ser Ile Thr Ser Ser
Ser Ser Tyr Ile Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Thr Val 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe
Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Lys Asn Thr Leu Tyr 65 70 75 80 Leu Gln
Met Thr Ser Leu Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Leu Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95
Ala Arg Glu Gly Gln Phe Gly Asp Tyr Phe Asp Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly 100
105 110 Val Met Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 62357DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 62gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc
tggaggaggc ttagtgcagc ctggaaggtc cctgaaactc 60tcctgtttag cctctggatt
cactttcagt cactatggaa tgaactggat tcgccaggct 120ccagggaagg
ggctggagtg gattacatct attactagta gtagcagtta catctactat
180gcagacacag tgaagggccg attcaccatc tccagagaca atgccaagaa
caccctgtac 240ctgcaaatga ccagtctgag gtctgaagac actgccttgt
attactgtgc aagagagggg 300caattcgggg actactttga ttactggggc
caaggagtca tggtcacagt ctcctca 35763107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 63Asp Ile Met Leu Thr Gln Ser
Pro Ala Thr Leu Ser Val Thr Pro Gly 1 5 10 15 Glu Ser Ile Ser Leu
Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Ser Ile Asn Thr Asn 20 25 30 Leu His Trp
Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Asn Glu Ser Pro Arg Val Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys
Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Ile Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55
60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Asn Ile Asn Arg Val Glu Pro
65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ser Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp
Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Ser Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100
105 64321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
64gacatcatgc tgactcagtc tccagctacc ctgtctgtaa ctccaggaga gagcatcagt
60ctctcctgca gggccagtca gagtattaac actaacttac attggtatca gcaaaaacca
120aatgagtctc caagggttct catcaaatat gcttcccaga ccatctctgg
aatcccctcc 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc agggacagat ttcactctca
atattaacag agtagagcct 240gaagattttt cagtttatta ctgtcaacag
agtaatagct ggccgctcac gttcggttct 300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a
32165116PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 65Gln Val
Gln Val Lys Glu Ser Gly Pro Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Ser Gln 1 5 10 15
Thr Leu Ser Leu Thr Cys Thr Val Ser Gly Phe Ser Leu Thr Ser Tyr 20
25 30 His Val Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Pro Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp
Met 35 40 45 Gly Ala Ile Trp Thr Gly Gly Ser Thr Ala Tyr Asn Ser
Leu Leu Lys 50 55 60 Ser Arg Leu Ser Ile Ser Arg Asp Ile Ser Lys
Ser Gln Val Phe Leu 65 70 75 80 Lys Met Asn Ser Leu Gln Thr Glu Asp
Thr Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Ala 85 90 95 Arg Ala Asp Phe Tyr Val Met
Asp Ala Trp Gly Gln Gly Ala Ser Val 100 105 110 Thr Val Ser Ser 115
66348DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
66caggtgcagg tgaaggagtc aggacctggt ctggtgcagc cctcacagac tttgtctctc
60acctgcactg tctctgggtt ctcactaacc agctatcatg taagctgggt tcgccagcct
120ccaggaaaag gtctggagtg gatgggagca atatggactg gtggaagcac
agcatataat 180tcacttctca aatcccgact gagcatcagc agggacatct
ccaagagcca agttttctta 240aaaatgaaca gtctgcaaac tgaagacaca
gccacttact actgtgccag agccgatttc 300tatgttatgg atgcctgggg
tcaaggagct tcagtcactg tctcctca 34867107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 67Asp Ile Met Leu Thr Gln Ser
Pro Val Thr Leu Ser Val Ser Pro Gly 1 5 10 15 Glu Ser Ile Ser Leu
Ser Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Ser Ile Ser Thr Asp 20 25 30 Leu His Trp
Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Asn Glu Ser Pro Arg Val Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys
Tyr Gly Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Ile Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55
60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Asn Ile Asn Arg Val Glu Pro
65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ser Val Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp
Pro Trp 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Leu Lys 100
105 68320DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
68acatcatgct gactcagtct ccagttaccc tgtctgtgtc tccaggagag agcatcagtc
60tctcctgcag ggccagtcag agtattagca ctgacttgca ttggtatcag caaaaaccaa
120atgagtctcc aagggttctc atcaaatatg gttcccagac catctctgga
atcccctcca 180ggttcagtgg cagtggatca gggacagatt tcactctcaa
tattaacaga gtagagcctg 240aagatttttc agtttattac tgtcagcaga
gtaatagctg gccatggaca ttcggtggag 300gcaccaagct ggaattgaaa
32069123PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 69Glu Val
Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly 1 5 10 15
Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Ser Phe 20
25 30 Ala Met Ala Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp
Val 35 40 45 Ala Ser Ile Ser Tyr Gly Gly Ala Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Arg
Asp Ser Val 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala
Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr 65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu
Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Asp Leu Pro Tyr Tyr
Gly Tyr Thr Pro Phe Val Met Asp Ala 100 105 110 Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr
Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 120 70369DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 70gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc
tgggggaggc ttggtccagc ctggggggtc cctgagactc 60tcctgtgcag cctctggatt
cacctttagt tccttcgcca tggcctgggt ccgccaggct 120ccagggaagg
ggctggagtg ggtggcctcc atctcctatg gaggcgctga cacctactac
180cgggactccg tgaagggccg attcaccatc tccagagaca acgccaagaa
ctcactgtat 240ctgcaaatga acagcctgag agccgaggac acggctgtgt
attactgtgc gagagatctg 300ccctactacg gctacacccc cttcgtgatg
gacgcctggg gccagggaac cctggtcacc 360gtctcctca 36971123PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 71Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser
Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser
Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Ser Phe 20 25 30 Ala Met Ala
Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Ala
Ser Ile Ser Tyr Gly Gly Ala Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Arg Asp Ser Val 50 55
60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr
65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr
Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Lys Asp Leu Pro Tyr Tyr Gly Tyr Thr Pro Phe
Val Met Asp Ala 100 105 110 Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser
Ser 115 120 72369DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide
sequence 72gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc tgggggaggc ttggtccagc ctggggggtc
cctgagactc 60tcctgtgcag cctctggatt cacctttagt tccttcgcca tggcctgggt
ccgccaggct 120ccagggaagg ggctggagtg ggtggcctcc atctcctatg
gaggcgctga cacctactac 180cgggactccg tgaagggccg attcaccatc
tccagagaca acgccaagaa ctcactgtat 240ctgcaaatga acagcctgag
agccgaggac acggctgtgt attactgtgc gaaggatctg 300ccctactacg
gctacacccc cttcgtgatg gacgcctggg gccagggaac cctggtcacc 360gtctcctca
369735PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 73Ser Phe
Ala Met Ala 1 5 7410PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 74Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Ser Phe Ala Met Ala 1 5 10
7515DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
75tccttcgcca tggcc 157630DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide
sequence 76ggattcacct ttagttcctt cgccatggcc 307717PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 77Ser Ile Ser Tyr Gly Gly Ala
Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Arg Asp Ser Val Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly 786PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 78Ser Tyr Gly Gly Ala Asp 1 5
7951DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
79tccatctcct atggaggcgc tgacacctac taccgggact ccgtgaaggg c
518017DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
80cctatggagg cgctgac 178114PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 81Asp Leu Pro Tyr Tyr Gly Tyr Thr Pro Phe Val Met Asp Ala
1 5 10 8242DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
82gatctgccct actacggcta cacccccttc gtgatggacg cc
4283107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 83Asp Ile
Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp 20
25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu
Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg
Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile
Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln
Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys
Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105 84321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic
nucleotide sequence 84gacatccaga tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat
ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gcggatcaac accgacctgc
actggtatca gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctaagctcct gatctatttc
gccagccaga ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc
tgggacagat ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg
caacttacta ctgtcagcag tccaactcct ggccctacac ctttggccag
300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a 32185107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
peptide sequence 85Asp Ile Gln Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser
Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser
Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp 20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro
Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Val Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr
Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly
Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp
Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105
86321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
86gacatccagc
tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc
gggcctccca gcggatcaac accgacctgc actggtatca gcagaaacca
120gggaaagccc ctaaggtgct gatcaagttc gccagccaga ccatctccgg
ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat ttcactctca
ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta ctgtcagcag
tccaactcct ggccctacac ctttggccag 300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a
32187107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 87Asp Ile
Gln Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp 20
25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu
Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg
Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile
Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln
Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys
Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105 88321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic
nucleotide sequence 88gacatccagc tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat
ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gcggatcaac accgacctgc
actggtatca gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctaagctcct gatctatttc
gccagccaga ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc
tgggacagat ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg
caacttacta ctgtcagcag tccaactcct ggccctacac ctttggccag
300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a 32189107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
peptide sequence 89Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser
Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser
Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp 20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro
Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Val Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr
Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly
Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp
Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105
90321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
90gacatccaga tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc
60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gcggatcaac accgacctgc actggtatca gcagaaacca
120gggaaagccc ctaaggtgct gatctatttc gccagccaga ccatctccgg
ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat ttcactctca
ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta ctgtcagcag
tccaactcct ggccctacac ctttggccag 300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a
32191107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 91Asp Ile
Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp 20
25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu
Ile 35 40 45 Lys Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg
Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile
Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln
Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys
Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105 92321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic
nucleotide sequence 92gacatccaga tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat
ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gcggatcaac accgacctgc
actggtatca gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctaagctcct gatcaagttc
gccagccaga ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc
tgggacagat ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg
caacttacta ctgtcagcag tccaactcct ggccctacac ctttggccag
300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a 32193107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
peptide sequence 93Asp Ile Gln Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser
Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser
Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp 20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro
Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Val Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr
Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly
Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp
Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105
94321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
94gacatccagc tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc
60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gcggatcaac accgacctgc actggtatca gcagaaacca
120gggaaagccc ctaaggtgct gatctatttc gccagccaga ccatctccgg
ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat ttcactctca
ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta ctgtcagcag
tccaactcct ggccctacac ctttggccag 300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a
32195107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 95Asp Ile
Gln Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15
Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp 20
25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu
Ile 35 40 45 Lys Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg
Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile
Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln
Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys
Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105 96321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic
nucleotide sequence 96gacatccagc tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat
ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gcggatcaac accgacctgc
actggtatca gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctaagctcct gatcaagttc
gccagccaga ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc
tgggacagat ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg
caacttacta ctgtcagcag tccaactcct ggccctacac ctttggccag
300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a 32197107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
peptide sequence 97Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser
Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser
Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp 20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro
Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Val Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr
Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly
Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp
Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105
98321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
98gacatccaga tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc
60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gcggatcaac accgacctgc actggtatca gcagaaacca
120gggaaagccc ctaaggtgct gatcaagttc gccagccaga ccatctccgg
ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat ttcactctca
ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta ctgtcagcag
tccaactcct ggccctacac ctttggccag 300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a
3219911PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 99Arg Ala
Ser Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp Leu His 1 5 10 10033DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 100cgggcctccc agcggatcaa
caccgacctg cac 331017PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 101Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser 1 5 10221DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 102ttcgccagcc agaccatctc c
211039PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 103Gln Gln
Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr Thr 1 5 10427DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 104cagcagtcca actcctggcc
ctacacc 27105107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence
105Asp Ile Met Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Arg Ile Asn
Thr Asp 20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro
Lys Val Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val
Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr
Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr
Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln
Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105 106321DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 106gacatcatgc tgacccagtc
tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca
gcggatcaac accgacctgc actggtatca gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc
ctaaggtgct gatcaagttc gccagccaga ccatctccgg ggtcccatca
180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat ttcactctca ccatcagcag
tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta ctgtcagcag tccaactcct
ggccctacac ctttggccag 300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a
321107107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 107Asp
Ile Gln Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp
20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Arg Val
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr
Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105 108321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic
nucleotide sequence 108gacatcatgc tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat
ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gcggatcaac accgacctgc
actggtatca gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctagggtgct gatcaagttc
gccagccaga ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc
tgggacagat ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg
caacttacta ctgtcagcag tccaactcct ggccctacac ctttggccag
300gggaccaagc tggagatcaa a 321109107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
peptide sequence 109Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser
Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser
Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp 20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro
Gly Lys Ala Pro Arg Val Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr
Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly
Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp
Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys 100 105
110321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
110gacatccaga tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga
cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gcggatcaac accgacctgc actggtatca
gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctagggtgct gatcaagttc gccagccaga
ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat
ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta
ctgtcagcag tccaactcct ggccctacac ctttggccag 300gggaccaagc
tggagatcaa a 321111453PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 111Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro
Gly Gly 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr
Phe Ser Ser Phe 20 25 30 Ala Met Ala Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly
Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Ala Ser Ile Ser Tyr Gly Gly Ala
Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Arg Asp Ser Val 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile
Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr 65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Asn
Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Lys
Asp Leu Pro Tyr Tyr Gly Tyr Thr Pro Phe Val Met Asp Ala 100 105 110
Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly 115
120 125 Pro Ser Val Phe Pro Leu Ala Pro Ser Ser Lys Ser Thr Ser Gly
Gly 130 135 140 Thr Ala Ala Leu Gly Cys Leu Val Lys Asp Tyr Phe Pro
Glu Pro Val 145 150 155 160 Thr Val Ser Trp Asn Ser Gly Ala Leu Thr
Ser Gly Val His Thr Phe 165 170 175 Pro Ala Val Leu Gln Ser Ser Gly
Leu Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser Val Val 180 185 190 Thr Val Pro Ser Ser Ser
Leu Gly Thr Gln Thr Tyr Ile Cys Asn Val 195 200 205 Asn His Lys Pro
Ser Asn Thr Lys Val Asp Lys Lys Val Glu Pro Lys 210 215 220 Ser Cys
Asp Lys Thr His Thr Cys Pro Pro Cys Pro Ala Pro Glu Ala 225 230 235
240 Ala Gly Ala Pro Ser Val Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro Lys Pro Lys Asp Thr
245 250 255 Leu Met Ile Ser Arg Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Cys Val Val Val
Asp Val 260 265 270 Ser His Glu Asp Pro Glu Val Lys Phe Asn Trp Tyr
Val Asp Gly Val 275 280 285 Glu Val His Asn Ala Lys Thr Lys Pro Arg
Glu Glu Gln Tyr Asn Ser 290 295 300 Thr Tyr Arg Val Val Ser Val Leu
Thr Val Leu His Gln Asp Trp Leu 305 310 315 320 Asn Gly Lys Glu Tyr
Lys Cys Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Ala Leu Pro Ala 325 330 335 Pro Ile Glu
Lys Thr Ile Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro Arg Glu Pro 340 345 350 Gln
Val Tyr Thr Leu Pro Pro Ser Arg Glu Glu Met Thr Lys Asn Gln 355 360
365 Val Ser Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr Pro Ser Asp Ile Ala
370 375 380 Val Glu Trp Glu Ser Asn Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn Asn Tyr Lys
Thr Thr 385 390 395 400 Pro Pro Val Leu Asp Ser Asp Gly Ser Phe Phe
Leu Tyr Ser Lys Leu 405 410 415 Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Arg Trp Gln Gln
Gly Asn Val Phe Ser Cys Ser 420 425 430 Val Met His Glu Ala Leu His
Asn His Tyr Thr Gln Lys Ser Leu Ser 435 440 445 Leu Ser Pro Gly Lys
450 1121359DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
112gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc tgggggaggc ttggtccagc ctggggggtc
cctgagactc 60tcctgtgcag cctctggatt cacctttagt tccttcgcca tggcctgggt
ccgccaggct 120ccagggaagg ggctggagtg ggtggcctcc atctcctatg
gaggcgctga cacctactac 180cgggactccg tgaagggccg attcaccatc
tccagagaca acgccaagaa ctcactgtat 240ctgcaaatga acagcctgag
agccgaggac acggctgtgt attactgtgc gaaggatctg 300ccctactacg
gctacacccc cttcgtgatg gacgcctggg gccagggaac cctggtcacc
360gtctcctcag cgtcgaccaa gggcccatcg gtcttccccc tggcaccctc
ctccaagagc
420acctctgggg gcacagcggc cctgggctgc ctggtcaagg actacttccc
cgaaccggtg 480acggtgtcgt ggaactcagg cgccctgacc agcggcgtgc
acaccttccc ggctgtccta 540cagtcctcag gactctactc cctcagcagc
gtggtgaccg tgccctccag cagcttgggc 600acccagacct acatctgcaa
cgtgaatcac aagcccagca acaccaaggt ggacaagaaa 660gttgagccca
aatcttgtga caaaactcac acatgcccac cgtgcccagc acctgaagcc
720gctggggcac cgtcagtctt cctcttcccc ccaaaaccca aggacaccct
catgatctcc 780cggacccctg aggtcacatg cgtggtggtg gacgtgagcc
acgaagaccc tgaggtcaag 840ttcaactggt acgtggacgg cgtggaggtg
cataatgcca agacaaagcc gcgggaggag 900cagtacaaca gcacgtaccg
tgtggtcagc gtcctcaccg tcctgcacca ggactggctg 960aatggcaagg
agtacaagtg caaggtctcc aacaaagccc tcccagcccc catcgagaaa
1020accatctcca aagccaaagg gcagccccga gaaccacagg tgtacaccct
gcccccatcc 1080cgggaggaga tgaccaagaa ccaggtcagc ctgacctgcc
tggtcaaagg cttctatccc 1140agcgacatcg ccgtggagtg ggagagcaat
gggcagccgg agaacaacta caagaccacg 1200cctcccgtgc tggactccga
cggctccttc ttcctctata gcaagctcac cgtggacaag 1260agcaggtggc
agcaggggaa cgtcttctca tgctccgtga tgcatgaggc tctgcacaac
1320cactacacgc agaagagcct ctccctgtcc ccgggtaaa
1359113214PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 113Asp
Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Arg Ile Asn Thr Asp
20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Val
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys Phe Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Ser Asn Ser Trp Pro Tyr 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr
Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys Arg Thr Val Ala Ala 100 105 110 Pro Ser Val Phe
Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser Asp Glu Gln Leu Lys Ser Gly 115 120 125 Thr Ala
Ser Val Val Cys Leu Leu Asn Asn Phe Tyr Pro Arg Glu Ala 130 135 140
Lys Val Gln Trp Lys Val Asp Asn Ala Leu Gln Ser Gly Asn Ser Gln 145
150 155 160 Glu Ser Val Thr Glu Gln Asp Ser Lys Asp Ser Thr Tyr Ser
Leu Ser 165 170 175 Ser Thr Leu Thr Leu Ser Lys Ala Asp Tyr Glu Lys
His Lys Val Tyr 180 185 190 Ala Cys Glu Val Thr His Gln Gly Leu Ser
Ser Pro Val Thr Lys Ser 195 200 205 Phe Asn Arg Gly Glu Cys 210
114642DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
114gacatcatgc tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga
cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gcggatcaac accgacctgc actggtatca
gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctagggtgct gatcaagttc gccagccaga
ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat
ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta
ctgtcagcag tccaactcct ggccctacac ctttggccag 300gggaccaagc
tggagatcaa acgaactgtg gctgcaccat ctgtcttcat cttcccgcca
360tctgatgagc agttgaaatc tggaactgcc tctgttgtgt gcctgctgaa
taacttctat 420cccagagagg ccaaagtaca gtggaaggtg gataacgccc
tccaatcggg taactcccag 480gagagtgtca cagagcagga cagcaaggac
agcacctaca gcctcagcag caccctgacg 540ctgagcaaag cagactacga
gaaacacaaa gtctacgcct gcgaagtcac ccatcagggc 600ctgagctcgc
ccgtcacaaa gagcttcaac aggggagagt gt 642115119PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 115Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser
Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Gly 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser
Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser His Tyr 20 25 30 Gly Met Asn
Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Ala
Ser Ile Ser Arg Ser Gly Ser Tyr Ile Arg Tyr Val Asp Thr Val 50 55
60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr
65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr
Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Glu Gly Gln Phe Gly Asp Tyr Phe Glu Tyr
Trp Gly Gln Gly 100 105 110 Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115
116357DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
116gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc tgggggaggc ttggtccagc ctggggggtc
cctgagactc 60tcctgtgcag cctctggatt cacctttagt cactacggca tgaactgggt
ccgccaggct 120ccagggaagg ggctggagtg ggtggcctcc atctccagat
ccggctccta catcagatac 180gtggacaccg tgaagggccg attcaccatc
tccagagaca acgccaagaa ctcactgtat 240ctgcaaatga acagcctgag
agccgaggac acggctgtgt attactgtgc gagagagggc 300cagttcggcg
actacttcga gtactggggc cagggaaccc tggtcaccgt ctcctca
3571175PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 117His Tyr
Gly Met Asn 1 5 11810PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 118Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser His Tyr Gly Met Asn 1 5 10
11915DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
119cactatggaa tgaac 1512030DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic
nucleotide sequence 120ggattcactt tcagtcacta tggaatgaac
3012117PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 121Ser Ile
Ser Arg Ser Gly Ser Tyr Ile Arg Tyr Val Asp Thr Val Lys 1 5 10 15
Gly 1226PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 122Ser Arg
Ser Gly Ser Tyr 1 5 12351DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide
sequence 123tctattagta ggagtggcag ttacatccgc tatgtagaca cagtgaaggg
c 5112418DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
124agtaggagtg gcagttac 1812510PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
peptide sequence 125Glu Gly Gln Phe Gly Asp Tyr Phe Glu Tyr 1 5 10
12630DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
126gagggacaat tcggggacta ctttgagtac 30127107PRTArtificial
SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 127Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser
Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile
Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Lys Ile Ser Thr Asn 20 25 30 Leu His Trp
Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr
Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55
60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro
65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Thr Asn Ser Trp
Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100
105 128321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
128gacatccaga tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga
cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gaagatctcc accaacctgc actggtatca
gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctaagctcct gatctattac gcctctcaga
ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat
ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta
ctgtcagcag accaactcct ggcccctgac cttcggcgga 300gggaccaagg
tggagatcaa a 321129107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 129Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser
Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Lys
Ile Ser Thr Asn 20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys
Ala Pro Lys Ile Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser
Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp
Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala
Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Thr Asn Ser Trp Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe
Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 130321DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 130gacatccaga tgacccagtc
tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca
gaagatctcc accaacctgc actggtatca gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc
ctaagatcct gatcaagtac gcctctcaga ccatctccgg ggtcccatca
180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat ttcactctca ccatcagcag
tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta ctgtcagcag accaactcct
ggcccctgac cttcggcgga 300gggaccaagg tggagatcaa a
32113111PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 131Arg Ala
Ser Gln Lys Ile Ser Thr Asn Leu His 1 5 10 13233DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 132agggccagtc agaaaattag
cactaactta cat 331337PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 133Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser 1 5 13421DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 134tatgcttccc agaccatctc t
2113510PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 135Gln Gln
Thr Asn Ser Trp Pro Leu Thr Thr 1 5 10 13627DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 136caacagacta atagttggcc
gctcacg 27137107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence
137Asp Ile Gln Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly
1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Lys Ile Ser
Thr Asn 20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro
Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val
Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr
Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr
Tyr Cys Gln Gln Thr Asn Ser Trp Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly
Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 138321DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 138gacatccagc tgacccagtc
tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca
gaagatctcc accaacctgc actggtatca gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc
ctaagctcct gatctattac gcctctcaga ccatctccgg ggtcccatca
180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat ttcactctca ccatcagcag
tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta ctgtcagcag accaactcct
ggcccctgac cttcggcgga 300gggaccaagg tggagatcaa a
321139107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 139Asp
Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Lys Ile Ser Thr Asn
20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Ile
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Thr Asn Ser Trp Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr
Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 140321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic
nucleotide sequence 140gacatccaga tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat
ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gaagatctcc accaacctgc
actggtatca gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctaagatcct gatctattac
gcctctcaga ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc
tgggacagat ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg
caacttacta ctgtcagcag accaactcct ggcccctgac cttcggcgga
300gggaccaagg tggagatcaa a 321141107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
peptide sequence 141Asp Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser
Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser
Gln Lys Ile Ser Thr Asn 20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro
Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr
Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly
Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp
Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Thr Asn Ser Trp Pro Leu 85 90 95
Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
142321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
142gacatccaga tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga
cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gaagatctcc accaacctgc actggtatca
gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctaagctcct gatcaagtac gcctctcaga
ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat
ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta
ctgtcagcag accaactcct ggcccctgac cttcggcgga 300gggaccaagg
tggagatcaa a 321143107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 143Asp Ile Gln Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser
Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Lys
Ile Ser Thr Asn 20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys
Ala Pro Lys Ile Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser
Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp
Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala
Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Thr Asn Ser Trp Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe
Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 144321DNAArtificial
SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence 144gacatccagc tgacccagtc
tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca
gaagatctcc accaacctgc actggtatca gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc
ctaagatcct gatctattac gcctctcaga ccatctccgg ggtcccatca
180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat ttcactctca ccatcagcag
tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta ctgtcagcag accaactcct
ggcccctgac cttcggcgga 300gggaccaagg tggagatcaa a
321145107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 145Asp
Ile Gln Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Lys Ile Ser Thr Asn
20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Thr Asn Ser Trp Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr
Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105 146321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic
nucleotide sequence 146gacatccagc tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat
ctgtaggaga cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gaagatctcc accaacctgc
actggtatca gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctaagctcct gatcaagtac
gcctctcaga ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc
tgggacagat ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg
caacttacta ctgtcagcag accaactcct ggcccctgac cttcggcgga
300gggaccaagg tggagatcaa a 321147107PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic
peptide sequence 147Asp Ile Gln Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser
Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser
Gln Lys Ile Ser Thr Asn 20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro
Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Ile Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr
Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly
Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp
Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Thr Asn Ser Trp Pro Leu 85
90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Val Glu Ile Lys 100 105
148321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
148gacatccagc tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga
cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gaagatctcc accaacctgc actggtatca
gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctaagatcct gatcaagtac gcctctcaga
ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat
ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta
ctgtcagcag accaactcct ggcccctgac cttcggcgga 300gggaccaagg
tggagatcaa a 321149449PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide
sequence 149Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro
Gly Gly 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr
Phe Ser His Tyr 20 25 30 Gly Met Asn Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly
Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Ala Ser Ile Ser Arg Ser Gly Ser
Tyr Ile Arg Tyr Val Asp Thr Val 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile
Ser Arg Asp Asn Ala Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr 65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Asn
Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg
Glu Gly Gln Phe Gly Asp Tyr Phe Glu Tyr Trp Gly Gln Gly 100 105 110
Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly Pro Ser Val Phe 115
120 125 Pro Leu Ala Pro Ser Ser Lys Ser Thr Ser Gly Gly Thr Ala Ala
Leu 130 135 140 Gly Cys Leu Val Lys Asp Tyr Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr
Val Ser Trp 145 150 155 160 Asn Ser Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser Gly Val His
Thr Phe Pro Ala Val Leu 165 170 175 Gln Ser Ser Gly Leu Tyr Ser Leu
Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val Pro Ser 180 185 190 Ser Ser Leu Gly Thr Gln
Thr Tyr Ile Cys Asn Val Asn His Lys Pro 195 200 205 Ser Asn Thr Lys
Val Asp Lys Lys Val Glu Pro Lys Ser Cys Asp Lys 210 215 220 Thr His
Thr Cys Pro Pro Cys Pro Ala Pro Glu Ala Ala Gly Ala Pro 225 230 235
240 Ser Val Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro Lys Pro Lys Asp Thr Leu Met Ile Ser
245 250 255 Arg Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Cys Val Val Val Asp Val Ser His
Glu Asp 260 265 270 Pro Glu Val Lys Phe Asn Trp Tyr Val Asp Gly Val
Glu Val His Asn 275 280 285 Ala Lys Thr Lys Pro Arg Glu Glu Gln Tyr
Asn Ser Thr Tyr Arg Val 290 295 300 Val Ser Val Leu Thr Val Leu His
Gln Asp Trp Leu Asn Gly Lys Glu 305 310 315 320 Tyr Lys Cys Lys Val
Ser Asn Lys Ala Leu Pro Ala Pro Ile Glu Lys 325 330 335 Thr Ile Ser
Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro Arg Glu Pro Gln Val Tyr Thr 340 345 350 Leu
Pro Pro Ser Arg Glu Glu Met Thr Lys Asn Gln Val Ser Leu Thr 355 360
365 Cys Leu Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr Pro Ser Asp Ile Ala Val Glu Trp Glu
370 375 380 Ser Asn Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn Asn Tyr Lys Thr Thr Pro Pro
Val Leu 385 390 395 400 Asp Ser Asp Gly Ser Phe Phe Leu Tyr Ser Lys
Leu Thr Val Asp Lys 405 410 415 Ser Arg Trp Gln Gln Gly Asn Val Phe
Ser Cys Ser Val Met His Glu 420 425 430 Ala Leu His Asn His Tyr Thr
Gln Lys Ser Leu Ser Leu Ser Pro Gly 435 440 445 Lys
150357DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
150gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc tgggggaggc ttggtccagc ctggggggtc
cctgagactc 60tcctgtgcag cctctggatt cacctttagt cactacggca tgaactgggt
ccgccaggct 120ccagggaagg ggctggagtg ggtggcctcc atctccagat
ccggctccta catcagatac 180gtggacaccg tgaagggccg attcaccatc
tccagagaca acgccaagaa ctcactgtat 240ctgcaaatga acagcctgag
agccgaggac acggctgtgt attactgtgc gagagagggc 300cagttcggcg
actacttcga gtactggggc cagggaaccc tggtcaccgt ctcctca
357151214PRTArtificial SequenceSynthetic peptide sequence 151Asp
Ile Gln Met Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10
15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Lys Ile Ser Thr Asn
20 25 30 Leu His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Ile
Leu Ile 35 40 45 Lys Tyr Ala Ser Gln Thr Ile Ser Gly Val Pro Ser
Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Thr
Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Phe Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys
Gln Gln Thr Asn Ser Trp Pro Leu 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr
Lys Val Glu Ile Lys Arg Thr Val Ala Ala 100 105 110 Pro Ser Val Phe
Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser Asp Glu Gln Leu Lys Ser Gly 115 120 125 Thr Ala
Ser Val Val Cys Leu Leu Asn Asn Phe Tyr Pro Arg Glu Ala 130 135 140
Lys Val Gln Trp Lys Val Asp Asn Ala Leu Gln Ser Gly Asn Ser Gln 145
150 155 160 Glu Ser Val Thr Glu Gln Asp Ser Lys Asp Ser Thr Tyr Ser
Leu Ser 165 170 175 Ser Thr Leu Thr Leu Ser Lys Ala Asp Tyr Glu Lys
His Lys Val Tyr 180 185 190 Ala Cys Glu Val Thr His Gln Gly Leu Ser
Ser Pro Val Thr Lys Ser 195 200 205 Phe Asn Arg Gly Glu Cys 210
152321DNAArtificial SequenceSynthetic nucleotide sequence
152gacatccaga tgacccagtc tccatcctcc ctgtctgcat ctgtaggaga
cagagtcacc 60atcacttgcc gggcctccca gaagatctcc accaacctgc actggtatca
gcagaaacca 120gggaaagccc ctaagatcct gatcaagtac gcctctcaga
ccatctccgg ggtcccatca 180aggttcagtg gcagtggatc tgggacagat
ttcactctca ccatcagcag tctgcaacct 240gaagattttg caacttacta
ctgtcagcag accaactcct ggcccctgac cttcggcgga 300gggaccaagg
tggagatcaa a 321
* * * * *