U.S. patent application number 14/747335 was filed with the patent office on 2015-12-31 for air filter for collecting debris in an aircraft ventilation duct.
The applicant listed for this patent is AIRBUS OPERATIONS (S.A.S.). Invention is credited to Jean-Christophe Bisinotto, David Wydler.
Application Number | 20150375151 14/747335 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 51417478 |
Filed Date | 2015-12-31 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20150375151 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Wydler; David ; et
al. |
December 31, 2015 |
AIR FILTER FOR COLLECTING DEBRIS IN AN AIRCRAFT VENTILATION
DUCT
Abstract
The disclosure herein includes an air filter for an aircraft
ventilation duct, the duct including an upstream pipe and a
downstream pipe in line with the upstream pipe the air filter
including a screen with an outside diameter greater than the
outside diameters of the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe and
a clamp with an interior surface that surrounds the screen and
extends to either side of the screen, the interior surface
including a groove configured to receive at least partially a
peripheral rim of the screen. The disclosure herein also includes
ventilation duct equipped with the air filter and a method of
collecting debris in an aircraft ventilation duct that uses an air
filter according to the disclosure herein.
Inventors: |
Wydler; David; (NOUGAROULET,
FR) ; Bisinotto; Jean-Christophe; (TOULOUSE,
FR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
AIRBUS OPERATIONS (S.A.S.) |
Toulouse |
|
FR |
|
|
Family ID: |
51417478 |
Appl. No.: |
14/747335 |
Filed: |
June 23, 2015 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
55/385.2 ;
29/428; 55/506 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B64D 2013/0651 20130101;
B01D 46/0005 20130101; B01D 46/0012 20130101; B01D 2265/028
20130101 |
International
Class: |
B01D 46/00 20060101
B01D046/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jun 25, 2014 |
FR |
1455890 |
Claims
1. An air filter for an aircraft ventilation duct, the duct
comprising an upstream pipe and a downstream pipe in line with the
upstream pipe, the air filter comprising a screen with an outside
diameter greater than the outside diameters of the upstream pipe
and the downstream pipe and a clamp with an interior surface that
surrounds the screen and extends to either side of the screen, the
interior surface including a groove configured to receive at least
partially a peripheral rim of the screen.
2. The air filter according to claim 1, wherein the screen and the
clamp are separate.
3. The air filter according to claim 1, wherein the screen includes
a peripheral rim of annular shape and a central mesh.
4. The air filter according to claim 3, wherein the central mesh is
thinner than the peripheral rim.
5. The air filter according to claim 1, wherein the clamp comprises
at least two portions that when placed end-to-end surround the
screen.
6. The air filter according to claim 5, wherein the portions of the
clamp are articulated to one another, two of them being connected
by a tensioning mechanism.
7. The air filter according to claim 1, wherein the air filter
includes two compression bands positioned at the level of the
interior surface on either side of the screen.
8. The air filter according to claim 7, wherein the compression
bands are made from a non-porous material.
9. The air filter according to claim 7, wherein the clamp has an
interior surface with two grooves adapted to accommodate partially
the compression bands.
10. The aircraft ventilation duct, the duct comprising an upstream
pipe and a downstream pipe in line with the upstream pipe and an
air filter according to claim 1, wherein the air filter comprises:
a screen with an outside diameter greater than the outside
diameters of the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe, disposed
between the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe, and a clamp
straddling the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe and
surrounding them, the clamp having an interior surface hat includes
a groove configured to receive at least partially a peripheral rim
of the screen.
11. The method of collecting debris in an aircraft ventilation duct
using an air filter according to claim 10, the duct including an
upstream pipe and a downstream pipe in line with the upstream pipe,
the method comprising inserting a screen with an outside diameter
greater than the outside diameters of the upstream pipe and the
downstream pipe, surrounding the screen and the upstream pipe and
the downstream pipe with a clamp that has an interior surface with
a groove configured to receive at least partially a peripheral rim
of the screen.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority to French patent
application FR 14 55890 filed Jun. 25, 2014, the entire disclosure
of which is incorporated by reference herein.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates to an air filter for
collecting debris in an aircraft ventilation duct.
BACKGROUND
[0003] As shown in FIG. 1, an aircraft ventilation network includes
at least one aspiration system 10 that includes at least one
aspiration inlet 12 connected to an upstream network 14 and at
least one outlet 16 connected to a downstream network 18.
[0004] The upstream and downstream networks 14 and 18 include
numerous elements such as diffusers, ducts, air conditioning
systems, supports, for example.
[0005] In accordance with one assembly method, two adjacent
sections of the ventilation network are connected by a clamp 20
that straddles the two sections on the outside. This clamp 20 also
provides the seal from one section to the other. This clamp 20
generally takes the form of a collar that encircles the two
sections and includes a clamping system so that the clamp 20 exerts
a constriction force on the sections.
[0006] Despite the precautions taken during installation, foreign
bodies 22 may be present in the upstream network 14.
[0007] During tests, these foreign bodies 22 are aspirated by the
aspiration system 10 which causes ground up particles 24 to be
diffused in the downstream network 18 as far as the diffusers
disposed in the cabin of the aircraft. Another disadvantage is that
these foreign bodies 22 can damage the aspiration system 10 or
other elements of the downstream network 18. Any such damage
impacts on production costs because of the elements to be replaced
but also on the progress of the aircraft along the production
line.
SUMMARY
[0008] The present disclosure aims to remedy the drawbacks of the
prior art. To this end, the disclosure herein comprises an air
filter for an aircraft ventilation duct, the duct comprising an
upstream pipe and a downstream pipe in line with the upstream pipe.
The air filter includes a screen with an outside diameter greater
than the outside diameters of the upstream pipe and the downstream
pipe and a clamp with an interior surface that surrounds the screen
and extends to either side of the screen, the interior surface
including a groove configured to receive at least partially a
peripheral rim of the screen.
[0009] The air filter is installed before the tests. It makes it
possible to retain the foreign bodies and limits the risk of damage
to elements of the ventilation network.
[0010] The screen and the clamp are advantageously separate. This
configuration simplifies fitting the air filter in that the screen
and the clamp are installed one after the other.
[0011] The screen advantageously includes a peripheral rim of
annular shape and a central mesh. In accordance with one
embodiment, the central mesh is thinner than the peripheral
rim.
[0012] In accordance with another feature, the clamp comprises at
least two portions that when placed end-to-end surround the
upstream and downstream pipes. This configuration makes it possible
to install the air filter without demounting the upstream and
downstream pipes. In accordance with one embodiment, the portions
of the clamp are articulated to one another, two of them being
connected by a tensioning mechanism.
[0013] In accordance with another feature, the air filter includes
two compression bands positioned at the level of the interior
surface on either side of the screen. The compression bands improve
the distribution of the forces exerted by the clamp on the pipes
and make it possible to limit the risks of damaging the pipes. The
compression bands are advantageously made from a non-porous
material. The compression bands therefore also provide the sealing
function.
[0014] In accordance with one embodiment, the clamp has an interior
surface with two grooves adapted to accommodate partially the
sealing bands.
[0015] The disclosure herein also comprises an aircraft ventilation
duct equipped with an air filter in accordance with the disclosure
herein.
[0016] The disclosure herein further comprises a method of
collecting debris in an aircraft ventilation duct that uses an air
filter in accordance with the disclosure herein. This method
comprises inserting the screen between upstream and downstream
pipes and surrounding the screen and the upstream and downstream
pipes with the clamp.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Other features and advantages will emerge from the following
description of the disclosure herein given way of example only and
with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
[0018] FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a part of an aircraft
ventilation network that illustrates the prior art;
[0019] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of a part of an aircraft
ventilation network that illustrates the disclosure herein;
[0020] FIG. 3 is a front view of a screen of an air filter that
illustrates one embodiment of the disclosure herein;
[0021] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a clamp of an air filter
that illustrates one embodiment of the disclosure herein;
[0022] FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the screen from FIG. 3 and
the clamp from FIG. 4 during assembly; and
[0023] FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the screen from FIG. 3 and
the clamp from FIG. 4 when assembled.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In FIG. 2 there is represented a part of an aircraft
ventilation network that includes an upstream pipe 30 and a
downstream pipe 32 in line with the upstream pipe 30 to form an air
duct. The direction of flow of the air is represented by an arrow
34.
[0025] The upstream circular cylindrical pipe 30 and the downstream
circular cylindrical pipe 32 have aligned axes A30 and A32, coaxial
exterior surfaces and outside diameters D30 and D32 that are
approximately identical.
[0026] For the remainder of the description, the longitudinal
direction is parallel to the axes A30 and A32 of the pipes and to
the direction 34 of flow of the air. A transverse plane is
perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. A radial direction is
perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
[0027] For example, the downstream pipe 32 is an aspiration inlet
of an aspiration system 36. The disclosure herein is not limited to
this arrangement, however. In accordance with one embodiment, the
upstream pipe 30 and the downstream pipe 32 are made from composite
materials.
[0028] The upstream pipe 30 includes an upstream junction surface
30S and the downstream pipe 32 includes a downstream junction
surface 32S. The upstream junction surface 30S and the downstream
junction surface 32S are approximately parallel and disposed in
transverse planes. They are spaced by a clearance J that varies
from one aircraft to another. This clearance J is between 3 and 15
mm.
[0029] In accordance with the disclosure herein, an air filter 38
is positioned in the junction area of the upstream pipe 30 and the
downstream pipe 32. This air filter 38 comprises a screen 40 and a
clamp 42 that are separate and can be separated, the screen 40
being inserted between the upstream junction surface 30S and the
downstream junction surface 32S of the upstream pipe 30 and the
downstream pipe 32, the clamp 42 straddling and surrounding the
upstream pipe 30 and the downstream pipe 32.
[0030] The screen 40 is preferably a disk with a thickness less
than or equal to the clearance J. In accordance with one
embodiment, the screen 40 has a thickness of the order of 3 mm so
that it can be inserted between the junction surfaces 30S and 32S
of the upstream pipe 30 and the downstream pipe 32, regardless of
the aircraft.
[0031] In accordance with one embodiment, the screen 40 is made of
metal. The screen 40 includes a solid peripheral rim 44 of annular
shape and a central mesh 46. By solid is meant that the peripheral
rim does not include any air passage sections.
[0032] The peripheral rim 44 has a thickness of the order of 3 mm.
It extends over a width in a radial direction of the order of 5 to
20 mm. In accordance with one embodiment, the peripheral rim 44 has
an outside diameter that exceeds the outside diameter of the pipe
30 by approximately 17 mm.
[0033] The central mesh 46 is preferably thinner than the
peripheral rim 44. In accordance with one embodiment, the central
mesh 46 has a thickness of the order of 2 mm and a diameter of the
order of 230 mm.
[0034] The central mesh 46 is advantageously centred relative to
the thickness of the peripheral rim 44. The central mesh 46 is
sized so as not to generate excessive head losses in the flow of
air. Thus the central mesh 46 comprises a plurality of passage
sections separated by strips 48 of material. In accordance with one
embodiment, the passage sections are square and the strips 48 of
material are rectilinear and oriented in two perpendicular
directions.
[0035] The section of the strips of material in a transverse plane
is adjusted so as to obtain a compromise between as high as
possible a mechanical strength of the mesh in order to retain the
foreign bodies and aerodynamic characteristics that limit
disturbances to the flow of air.
[0036] For example, the passage sections have a square section with
a side length of the order of 10 to 15 mm and the strips 48 of
material have a width of the order of 2 mm.
[0037] The screen 40 has an outside diameter DEXT greater than the
outside diameters D30, D32 of the upstream pipe 30 and the
downstream pipe 32.
[0038] The clamp 42 has a cylindrical exterior surface 50 and a
cylindrical interior surface 52, the exterior surface 50 and the
interior surface 52 being coaxial with a clamp axis A42 that
approximately coincides with the axes A30 and A32 of the upstream
pipe 30 and the downstream pipe 32 when the clamp is mounted on the
pipes.
[0039] The clamp 42 is configured so that the interior surface 52
surrounds the screen 40 and extends to either side of the screen
40. As a result, the clamp 42 surrounds on either side the screen
40, the upstream pipe 30 and the downstream pipe 32.
[0040] The clamp 42 includes a groove 54 in the interior surface 52
configured to receive at least partially the peripheral rim 44.
This groove 54 makes it possible to immobilize the clamp 42
relative to the screen 40 in the longitudinal direction. The groove
54 preferably has a width identical to the thickness of the screen
40. The interior surface 52 of the clamp 42 has a diameter less
than the outside diameter DEXT of the screen 40. When the clamp is
mounted on the upstream pipe 30 and the downstream pipe 32, the
bottom of the groove 54 has a diameter equal to or very slightly
greater than the outside diameter DEXT of the screen 40.
[0041] The clamp 42 advantageously comprises at least two portions
which when placed end-to-end surround the upstream pipe 30 and the
downstream pipe 32. This solution makes it possible to be able to
mount the clamp around the upstream pipe 30 and the downstream pipe
32 without demounting them.
[0042] The portions of the clamp are preferably articulated to one
another, two of them being connected by a tensioning mechanism
56.
[0043] In accordance with an embodiment shown in FIGS. 4, 5A and
5B, the clamp 42 comprises four portions 42.1 to 42.4, each portion
extending over a quarter-circle.
[0044] The portions 42.1 to 42.4 are preferably articulated
two-by-two so as to obtain a series of portions of which the end
portions 42.1 and 42.4 are connected by a tensioning mechanism
56.
[0045] In accordance with one embodiment, two adjacent portions are
connected by two parallel lugs 58 disposed on either side of the
clamp 42, at the level of its edge surfaces. Each lug 58 has at a
first end a pivoting connection 58.1 for connecting it to a first
portion and at a second end a pivoting connection 58.2 for
connecting it to a second portion. These pivoting connections 58.1
and 58.2 are parallel to each other and parallel to the clamp axis
A42.
[0046] The portions 42.1 and 42.4 are connected by a tensioning
mechanism 56 such as a toggle type hook, for example. This
tensioning mechanism 56 makes it possible to exert a traction force
on the portions 42.1 to 42.4 that is converted into a constriction
force of the clamp 42 on the upstream pipe 30 and the downstream
pipe 32. The greater the number of portions, the more homogeneous
the distribution of the constriction force exerted by the clamp 42
on the upstream pipe 30 and the downstream pipe 32 over the
circumference of the pipes.
[0047] In accordance with another feature, the air filter includes
two compression bands 60, 60', a first compression band 60 inserted
between the clamp 42 and the upstream pipe 30 and a second
compression band 60' inserted between the clamp 42 and the
downstream pipe 32. These compression bands 60, 60' are compressed
between the clamp 42 and the pipes and make possible an improved
distribution of the constriction force exerted by the clamp 42 on
the upstream pipe 30 and the downstream pipe 32.
[0048] In accordance with one embodiment, each compression band 60,
60' comprises a plurality of separate sections, one section for
each clamp portion. The compression bands 60, 60' are preferably
made from a non-porous material and contribute to improving the
seal between the clamp 42 and the upstream pipe 30 and the
downstream pipe 32.
[0049] The interior surface 52 of the clamp 42 preferably includes
two grooves 62, 62' disposed on either side of the groove 54 for
the screen to house the compression bands 60, 60' partially.
[0050] In accordance with an embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the
compression bands have a rectangular section and are made of
elastomer. Of course, the disclosure herein is not limited to this
section or to this material for the compression bands. Any
compressible and non-porous material could therefore be
suitable.
[0051] Fitting the air filter 38 is simple and easy. Firstly, the
screen 40 is inserted between the junction surfaces 30S and 32S of
the upstream pipe 30 and the downstream pipe 32. Next, as shown in
FIG. 5A, the clamp 42 is fitted around the upstream pipe 30 and the
downstream pipe 32. Finally, the portions 42.1 and 42.4 are
connected by a tensioning mechanism as shown in FIG. 5B. After
fitting, only the compression bands 60, 60' are in contact with the
upstream pipe 30 and the downstream pipe 32, which tends to reduce
the risk of damaging the pipes 30 and 32.
[0052] Another advantage is that the air filter can be removed
easily, by firstly demounting the clamp 42 and then removing the
screen 40. When it has been removed, the foreign bodies can be
removed.
[0053] In accordance with another feature, the air filter is used
like a tool, i.e. it does not remain permanently inserted between
two portions of an aircraft ventilation network. It may be
installed temporarily on a duct of the ventilation network, for
example during testing of the ventilation network during the
construction of the aircraft. It may be reinstalled
subsequently.
[0054] Alternatively, the air filter remains inserted between the
two portions of an aircraft ventilation network and is demounted
only to clean the screen 40 and to remove any foreign bodies.
[0055] While at least one exemplary embodiment of the present
invention(s) is disclosed herein, it should be understood that
modifications, substitutions and alternatives may be apparent to
one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without departing
from the scope of this disclosure. This disclosure is intended to
cover any adaptations or variations of the exemplary embodiment(s).
In addition, in this disclosure, the terms "comprise" or
"comprising" do not exclude other elements or steps, the terms "a"
or "one" do not exclude a plural number, and the term "or" means
either or both. Furthermore, characteristics or steps which have
been described may also be used in combination with other
characteristics or steps and in any order unless the disclosure or
context suggests otherwise. This disclosure hereby incorporates by
reference the complete disclosure of any patent or application from
which it claims benefit or priority.
* * * * *