U.S. patent application number 14/324251 was filed with the patent office on 2015-12-24 for low-lead brass alloy.
The applicant listed for this patent is Jiangxi Audy Brasswork Inc.. Invention is credited to Jiade LI.
Application Number | 20150368758 14/324251 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 51167766 |
Filed Date | 2015-12-24 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150368758 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
LI; Jiade |
December 24, 2015 |
LOW-LEAD BRASS ALLOY
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-lead brass alloy, comprising: by
the total weight of the brass alloy, 62.5-63 wt % copper, 0.16-0.24
wt % lead, 0-0.02 wt % antimony, 0-0.01 wt % magnesium, 0-0.2 wt %
tin, 0.0005-0.0009 wt % boron, 0.55-0.7 wt % aluminum, 0.05-0.15 wt
% iron, 0-0.15 wt % nickel, 0.09-0.12 wt % arsenic, 0-0.005 wt %
zirconium, 0-0.01 wt % impurities, and a balance of zinc.
Inventors: |
LI; Jiade; (Shangrao,
CN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Jiangxi Audy Brasswork Inc. |
Shangrao |
|
CN |
|
|
Family ID: |
51167766 |
Appl. No.: |
14/324251 |
Filed: |
July 7, 2014 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
420/471 ;
420/477; 420/478; 420/479 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C22C 9/04 20130101 |
International
Class: |
C22C 9/04 20060101
C22C009/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jun 23, 2014 |
CN |
201410282838.4 |
Claims
1. A low-lead brass alloy, characterized by comprising: by the
total weight of the brass alloy, 62.5-63 wt % copper, 0.16-0.24 wt
% lead, 0.55-0.7 wt % aluminum, and a balance of zinc.
2. The low-lead brass alloy of claim 1, characterized by further
comprising: one or more elements selected from the group consisting
of 0-0.02 wt % antimony, 0-0.2 wt % tin, 0-0.01 wt % magnesium, and
0.09-0.12 wt % arsenic by the total weight of the brass alloy.
3. The low-lead brass alloy of claim 2, characterized by further
comprising: one or more elements selected from the group consisting
of 0.0005-0.0009 wt % boron, 0.05-0.15 wt % iron, 0-0.15 wt %
nickel, and 0-0.005 wt % zirconium by the total weight of the brass
alloy.
4. A low-lead brass alloy, characterized by comprising: by the
total weight of the brass alloy, 62.5-63 wt % copper, 0.16-0.24 wt
% lead, two or more elements selected from the group consisting of
0.55-0.7 wt % aluminum, 0-0.02 wt % antimony, 0-0.2 wt % tin, and
0-0.01 wt % magnesium by the total weight of the brass alloy, and a
balance of zinc.
5. The low-lead brass alloy of claim 4, characterized by further
comprising: two or more elements selected from the group consisting
of 0.09-0.12 wt % arsenic, 0.0005-0.0009 wt % boron, 0.05-0.15 wt %
iron, 0-0.15 wt % nickel, and 0-0.005 wt % zirconium by the total
weight of the brass alloy.
6. A low-lead brass alloy, characterized by comprising: by the
total weight of the brass alloy, 62.5-63 wt % copper, 0.16-0.24 wt
% lead, 0-0.02 wt % antimony, 0-0.01 wt % magnesium, 0-0.2 wt %
tin, 0.0005-0.0009 wt % boron, 0.55-0.7 wt % aluminum, 0.05-0.15 wt
% iron, 0-0.15 wt % nickel, 0.09-0.12 wt % arsenic, 0-0.005 wt %
zirconium, 0-0.01 wt % impurities, and a balance of zinc.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims the priority benefit of Chinese
patent application No.201410282838.4, filed on Jun. 23, 2014. The
entirety of the above-mentioned patent application is hereby
incorporated by reference herein and made a part of
specification.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The invention relates to a low-lead brass alloy.
[0004] 2. Background of the Invention
[0005] Copper has excellent electrical conductivity and
environmental friendliness, and bacteria harmful to the human can't
survive on its surface. Other elements are added into copper, so as
to improve its performance. For example, the addition of lead into
the brass alloy containing copper and zinc significantly improves
the cutting performance of the brass. However, lead has a
destructive effect on the human health and ecological balance. It
is also a trend around the world that there are increasing
restrictions on the application of lead-containing alloy.
[0006] In addition, the environmental problem is increasingly
outstanding, and the working environment is becoming more serious.
As a result, the surface strength of brass products is reduced, and
the brass tube may even perforate. This greatly reduces the
lifetime of brass products and causes problems in application.
[0007] Therefore, there is a need to provide an alloy formula for
solving the above problems, which can replace the brass with a high
lead content, is dezincification corrosion resistant, and further
has excellent casting performance, forgeability, cutting
performance, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] It is an object of the invention to provide a brass alloy
which exhibits excellent performance like tensile strength,
elongation rate, dezincification resistance and cutting
performance, which is suitable for cutting processed products that
require high strength, wear resistance and waterlogging resistance.
The brass alloy of the invention can securely replace the alloy
copper with a high lead content, and can completely meet the
demands about restrictions on lead-containing products in the
development of human society.
[0009] To achieve the above object, the inventors have proposed the
following low-lead brass alloy.
[0010] A low-lead brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as the
inventive product 1) comprises: by the total weight of the brass
alloy, 62.5-63 wt % copper, 0.16-0.24 wt % lead, 0.55-0.7 wt %
aluminum, and a balance of zinc.
[0011] In the inventive product 1, the content of lead is reduced
to 0.24 wt % or less, the content of copper is maintained at
62.5-63 wt %, and a trace amount of aluminum is added to increase
cutting performance of the brass alloy. Meanwhile, since aluminum
has a higher tendency to be ionized on the surface of the alloy
than zinc, and preferentially reacts with oxygen in a corrosive gas
or solution to develop a dense protection film of aluminum oxide on
the surface of the alloy, thus increasing corrosion resistance and
dezincification resistance of the brass alloy in the severe
environment. Besides, aluminum can increase cast flowability of the
alloy, so that the alloy exhibits a significant improvement in
strength and hardness. In order to make a better use of the above
effects, the content of aluminum is 0.55-0.7 wt % by the total
weight of the brass alloy.
[0012] Preferably, the inventive product 1 further comprises: one
or more elements selected from the group consisting of 0-0.02 wt %
antimony, 0-0.2 wt % tin, 0-0.01 wt % magnesium, and 0.09-0.12 wt %
arsenic by the total weight of the brass alloy. All of these
elements can to a certain degree increase cutting performance of
the brass alloy. The addition of antimony and tin can significantly
increase strength of the alloy, and improve its plasticity and
corrosion resistance. A trace amount of arsenic can increase
dezincification resistance of the alloy. However, a high content of
arsenic is not favorable, since it will decrease the thermal
forgeability and squeezing performance of the alloy.
[0013] More preferably, the above-mentioned inventive product
further comprises one or more elements selected from the group
consisting of 0.0005-0.0009 wt % boron, 0.05-0.15 wt % iron, 0-0.15
wt % nickel, and 0-0.005 wt % zirconium by the total weight of the
brass alloy. Boron can increase corrosion resistance of the brass
alloy, and can also prevent dezincification. Iron can enhance
toughness of the brass alloy. Nickel can not only prevent the brass
alloy from rusting, but also can form intermetallic compounds among
metals in the alloy, which uniformly precipitate in the matrix,
thus increasing wear resistance and strength of the alloy.
Zirconium can help to refine grains, thus increasing casting
performance of the brass alloy.
[0014] A low-lead brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as the
inventive product 2) comprises: by the total weight of the brass
alloy, 62.5-63 wt % copper, 0.16-0.24 wt % lead, two or more
elements selected from the group consisting of 0.55-0.7 wt %
aluminum, 0-0.02 wt % antimony, 0-0.2 wt % tin, and 0-0.01 wt %
magnesium by the total weight of the brass alloy, and a balance of
zinc. Aluminum, antimony, tin, and magnesium are added on basis of
the same reasons as the inventive product 1, and are added
according to actual needs.
[0015] Preferably, the inventive product 2 further comprises two or
more elements selected from the group consisting of 0.09-0.12 wt %
arsenic, 0.0005-0.0009 wt % boron, 0.05-0.15 wt % iron, 0-0.15 wt %
nickel, and 0-0.005 wt % zirconium by the total weight of the brass
alloy. Arsenic, boron, iron, nickel, and zirconium are added on
basis of the same reasons as the inventive product 1, and are added
according to actual needs.
[0016] A low-lead brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as the
inventive product 3) comprises: by the total weight of the brass
alloy, 62.5-63 wt % copper, 0.16-0.24 wt % lead, 0-0.02 wt %
antimony, 0-0.01 wt % magnesium, 0-0.2 wt % tin, 0.0005-0.0009 wt %
boron, 0.55-0.7 wt % aluminum, 0.05-0.15 wt % iron, 0-0.15 wt %
nickel, 0.09-0.12 wt % arsenic, 0-0.005 wt % zirconium, 0-0.01 wt %
impurities, and a balance of zinc. Antimony, magnesium, tin, boron,
aluminum, iron, nickel, arsenic, and zirconium are added on basis
of the same reasons as the inventive product 1. In the inventive
product 3, these elements are added simultaneously for the purpose
of meeting needs for specific product performance.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0017] The technical solutions of the invention will be described
expressly by referring to embodiments thereof.
[0018] It is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to
the described exemplary embodiments. The modifications and
alterations to features of the invention as described herein, as
well as other applications of the concept of the invention (which
will occur to the skilled in the art, upon reading the present
disclosure) still fall within the scope of the invention.
[0019] In the invention, the wording "or more", "or less" in the
expression for describing values indicates that the expression
comprises the relevant values.
[0020] The dezincification corrosion resistant performance
measurement, as used herein, is performed according to AS-2345-2006
specification in the cast state, in which 12.8 g copper chloride is
added into 1000C.C deionized water, and the object to be measured
is placed in the resulting solution for 24 hr to measure a
dezincification depth. [0021] indicates a dezincification depth of
less than 300 .mu.m; .largecircle. indicates a dezincification
depth between 300 .mu.m and 400 .mu.m; and indicates a
dezincification depth larger than 400 .mu.m.
[0022] The cutting performance measurement, as used herein, is
performed in the cast state, in which the same cutting tool is
adopted with the same cutting speed and feed amount. The cutting
speed is 25 m/min (meter per minute), the feed amount is 0.2 mm/r
(millimeter per number of cutting edge), the cutting depth is 0.5
mm, the measurement rod has a diameter of 20 mm, and C36000 alloy
is taken as a reference. The relative cutting rate is derived by
measuring the cutting resistance.
[0023] The relative cutting rate =cutting resistance of C36000
alloy/cutting resistance of the sample. [0024] indicates a relative
cutting rate larger than 85%; and .largecircle. indicates a
relative cutting rate larger than 70%.
[0025] Both the tensile strength measurement and the elongation
rate measurement, as used herein, are performed in the cast state
at room temperature as an elongation measurement. The elongation
rate refers to a ratio between the total deformation of gauge
section after elongation .DELTA.L and the initial gauge length L of
the sample in percentage: .delta.=.DELTA.L/L.times.100%. The
reference sample is a lead-containing brass with the same state and
specification, i.e., C36000 alloy.
[0026] As used herein, the performance for elements in alloy to
dissolve in water is tested in accordance with GB/T5750-2006
"Standard examination methods for drinking water" and is judged in
accordance with GB5749-2006 "Standards for drinking water
quality".
[0027] According to measurement, the proportions for constituents
of C36000 alloy mentioned above are listed as follow, in the unit
of weight percentage (wt %):
TABLE-US-00001 copper zinc bismuth antimony manganese aluminum tin
lead iron Material No. (Cu) (Zn) (Bi) (Sb) (Mn) (Al) (Sn) (Pb) (Fe)
C36000 alloy 60.53 36.26 0 0 0 0 0.12 2.97 0.12
Embodiment
[0028] Table 1 lists 15 different constituents for the low-lead
brass alloy, each constituent being in the unit of weight
percentage (wt %).
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1 copper zinc Lead magnesium aluminum antimony
tin boron iron nickel arsenic zirconium No. (Cu) (Zn) (Pb) (Mg)
(Al) (Sb) (Sn) (B) (Fe) (Ni) (As) (Zr) 1 63.000 36.233 0.215 --
0.550 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2 62.542 36.578 0.240 -- 0.638 -- -- --
-- -- -- -- 3 62.500 36.638 0.160 -- 0.700 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4
62.511 36.648 0.168 0.010 0.551 0.020 -- -- -- -- 0.090 -- 5 62.780
36.136 0.179 0.009 0.589 -- 0.200 -- -- -- 0.105 -- 6 62.993 35.967
0.200 -- 0.688 -- 0.150 -- -- -- -- -- 7 62.567 36.541 0.161 --
0.560 -- -- 0.0005 0.050 -- 0.120 -- 8 62.874 36.123 0.187 0.007
0.653 -- -- -- -- 0.150 -- 0.004 9 63.000 36.116 0.192 -- 0.670
0.015 -- -- -- -- -- 0.005 10 62.510 36.416 0.167 -- 0.689 0.018
0.198 -- -- -- -- -- 11 62.913 36.860 0.198 0.008 -- 0.019 -- -- --
-- -- -- 12 62.780 36.250 0.201 0.009 0.580 -- 0.178 -- -- -- -- --
13 62.500 36.541 0.200 -- 0.663 0.017 -- 0.0007 0.076 -- -- -- 14
62.831 35.987 0.212 0.010 0.578 -- 0.132 -- -- 0.132 0.112 0.004 15
62.670 35.845 0.198 0.008 0.674 0.017 0.188 0.0009 0.150 0.143
0.101 0.003
[0029] Measurements about cutting performance, dezincification
corrosion resistant performance, tensile strength, and elongation
rate are performed on alloys with the above constituents in the
cast state at room temperature, and the reference sample is a
lead-containing brass with the same state and specification, i.e.,
C36000 alloy.
[0030] Results of the measurements about tensile strength,
elongation rate, cutting performance, and dezincification corrosion
resistant performance are listed as follow:
TABLE-US-00003 TENSILE ELONGA- DEZINCIFI- RELATIVE STRENGTH TION
CATION CUTTING No. (N/mm.sup.2) RATE (%) LAYER RATE 1 298 10
.circleincircle. .largecircle. 2 301 10 .circleincircle.
.circleincircle. 3 308 10 .circleincircle. .circleincircle. 4 305
11 .circleincircle. .circleincircle. 5 310 11 .circleincircle.
.circleincircle. 6 315 12 .circleincircle. .circleincircle. 7 311
12 .circleincircle. .circleincircle. 8 317 12 .circleincircle.
.circleincircle. 9 320 11 .circleincircle. .circleincircle. 10 310
11 .circleincircle. .circleincircle. 11 300 10 .circleincircle.
.circleincircle. 12 307 11 .circleincircle. .circleincircle. 13 317
12 .circleincircle. .circleincircle. 14 335 13 .circleincircle.
.circleincircle. 15 326 13 .circleincircle. .circleincircle. C36000
alloy 394 9 .circleincircle.
[0031] The performance for constituents in alloy to dissolve in
water is tested, and the measurement results are listed as follow
(in the unit of mg/L):
TABLE-US-00004 copper Zinc lead aluminum antimony Boron iron Nickel
arsenic No. (Cu) (Zn) (Pb) (Al) (Sb) (B) (Fe) (Ni) (As) 1 <1.0
<1.0 <0.01 <0.2 <0.005 <0.5 <0.3 <0.02
<0.01 2 <1.0 <1.0 <0.01 <0.2 <0.005 <0.5
<0.3 <0.02 <0.01 3 <1.0 <1.0 <0.01 <0.2
<0.005 <0.5 <0.3 <0.02 <0.01 4 <1.0 <1.0
<0.01 <0.2 <0.005 <0.5 <0.3 <0.02 <0.01 5
<1.0 <1.0 <0.01 <0.2 <0.005 <0.5 <0.3 <0.02
<0.01 6 <1.0 <1.0 <0.01 <0.2 <0.005 <0.5
<0.3 <0.02 <0.01 7 <1.0 <1.0 <0.01 <0.2
<0.005 <0.5 <0.3 <0.02 <0.01 8 <1.0 <1.0
<0.01 <0.2 <0.005 <0.5 <0.3 <0.02 <0.01 9
<1.0 <1.0 <0.01 <0.2 <0.005 <0.5 <0.3 <0.02
<0.01 10 <1.0 <1.0 <0.01 <0.2 <0.005 <0.5
<0.3 <0.02 <0.01 11 <1.0 <1.0 <0.01 <0.2
<0.005 <0.5 <0.3 <0.02 <0.01 12 <1.0 <1.0
<0.01 <0.2 <0.005 <0.5 <0.3 <0.02 <0.01 13
<1.0 <1.0 <0.01 <0.2 <0.005 <0.5 <0.3 <0.02
<0.01 14 <1.0 <1.0 <0.01 <0.2 <0.005 <0.5
<0.3 <0.02 <0.01 15 <1.0 <1.0 <0.01 <0.2
<0.005 <0.5 <0.3 <0.02 <0.01
[0032] Although the invention has been described with respect to
embodiments thereof, these embodiments do not intend to limit the
invention. The ordinary skilled in the art can made modifications
and changes to the invention without departing from the spirit and
scope of the invention. Thus, the protection of the invention is
defined by the appended claims.
* * * * *