U.S. patent application number 14/650922 was filed with the patent office on 2015-11-26 for lubricant oil composition for rotary compressor.
This patent application is currently assigned to IDEMITSU KOSAN CO., LTD.. The applicant listed for this patent is IDEMITSU KOSAN CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to Tokue SATO.
Application Number | 20150337231 14/650922 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 50978472 |
Filed Date | 2015-11-26 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150337231 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
SATO; Tokue |
November 26, 2015 |
LUBRICANT OIL COMPOSITION FOR ROTARY COMPRESSOR
Abstract
A lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor capable of
imparting high extreme pressure property while maintaining high
oxidation stability is provided by mixing, in (a) a base oil, (b)
an antioxidant and (c) a dithiophosphate ester compound represented
by the formula (I) in an amount of 0.05% by mass or more and less
than 2.0% by mass based on the total composition.
Inventors: |
SATO; Tokue; (Ichihara-shi,
JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
IDEMITSU KOSAN CO., LTD. |
Tokyo |
|
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
IDEMITSU KOSAN CO., LTD.
Tokyo
JP
|
Family ID: |
50978472 |
Appl. No.: |
14/650922 |
Filed: |
December 18, 2013 |
PCT Filed: |
December 18, 2013 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP2013/083956 |
371 Date: |
June 10, 2015 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
508/430 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10M 2223/047 20130101;
C10N 2030/04 20130101; C10M 2215/223 20130101; C10M 2223/043
20130101; C10M 2223/045 20130101; C10N 2030/10 20130101; C10M
2215/064 20130101; C10M 2229/02 20130101; C10M 2207/026 20130101;
C10M 2207/262 20130101; C10N 2040/30 20130101; C10M 2209/084
20130101; C10M 2223/06 20130101; C10N 2030/06 20130101; C10M 141/10
20130101; C10M 2219/085 20130101; C10N 2010/04 20130101; C10M
2215/065 20130101; C10M 2203/1006 20130101; C10M 2203/1025
20130101 |
International
Class: |
C10M 141/10 20060101
C10M141/10 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 19, 2012 |
JP |
2012-276903 |
Claims
1. A lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor,
comprising (a) a base oil, (b) an antioxidant, and (c) a
dithiophosphate ester compound represented by the following formula
(I) in an amount of 0.05% by mass or more and less than 2.0% by
mass based on the total amount of the composition: ##STR00009##
wherein R.sup.1 represents a linear or branched alkylene group
having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each
represent a hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
2. The lubricant oil composition for a rotary compressor according
to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil composition comprises (c)
the dithiophosphate ester compound represented by the following
formula (I) in an amount of more than 0.1% by mass and less than 2%
by mass.
3. The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to claim 1, wherein R.sup.1 represents a linear or
branched alkylene group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and
R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represent a linear or branched alkylene
group having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
4. The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to claim 1, wherein (b) the antioxidant is at least one
kind selected from a phosphorus compound, a phenol compound, a
phenylamine compound, and a napthylamine compound.
5. The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil composition
comprises the antioxidant in an amount of 0.01% by mass or more and
10% by mass or less.
6. The lubricant oil composition for a rotary compressor according
to claim 1, wherein the base oil is a mineral oil.
7. The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to claim 1, wherein the rotary compressor is a
gear-driven rotary compressor.
8. The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to claim 1, wherein the rotary compressor is a screw
compressor, a movable vane compressor, a scroll compressor, or a
tooth compressor.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a lubricating oil
composition for a rotary compressor. In particular, the present
invention relates to a lubricating oil composition for a rotary
compressor, in which the lubricating oil composition is capable of
imparting high extreme pressure property while maintaining high
oxidation stability.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] In the field of an equipment oil, such as a compressor oil,
a turbine oil and a hydraulic oil, particularly in a compressor oil
for a gear-driven compressor and the like, excellent oxidation
stability and extreme pressure property have been demanded, but it
has been difficult to achieve both of them simultaneously.
Specifically, it has been known that an acidic phosphate ester
amine salt and a sulfur-phosphorus (SP) extreme pressure additive,
which have been used since they are generally said to have
excellent oxidation stability, are generally insufficient in
extreme pressure property, whereas a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate
(ZnDTP), which has been said to have excellent extreme pressure
property, significantly impairs the oxidation stability of the
oil.
[0003] As a compound that enhances extreme pressure property, for
example, PTL 1 describes the use of the particular dithiophosphate
ester in an amount of 2.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less
for improving antiwear property of an engine oil. PTL 2 describes
the use of a combination of the specific monothiophosphate ester
and the specific dithiophosphate ester in a hydraulic oil for
suppressing an undesirable hydrolysate from being formed.
CITATION LIST
Patent Literatures
[0004] PTL 1: WO 02/102945
[0005] PTL 2: JP-A-2005-139451
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
Technical Problem
[0006] However, the technique described in PTL 1 is for solving the
problem in an engine oil, but does not relate to the achievement of
both oxidation stability and extreme pressure property in a
lubricating oil for a compressor, particularly a lubricating oil
for a rotary compressor. The technique described in PTL 2 is for
solving the problem in a hydraulic oil, but does not relate to the
achievement of both oxidation stability and extreme pressure
property in a lubricating oil for a compressor, particularly a
lubricating oil for a rotary compressor.
[0007] Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to
provide a lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor, in
which the lubricating oil composition is capable of imparting high
extreme pressure property while maintaining high oxidation
stability.
[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide the
aforementioned lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor,
which is capable of suppressing the formation of sludge as well as
achieving both the excellent oxidation stability and extreme
pressure property.
Solution to Problem
[0009] The present invention relates to the following aspects. (1)
A lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor, containing
(a) a base oil, (b) an antioxidant, and (c) a dithiophosphate ester
compound represented by the following formula (I) in an amount of
0.05% by mass or more and less than 2.0% by mass based on the total
amount of the composition:
##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 represents a linear or branched alkylene group
having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each
represent a hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
[0010] (2) The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to the item (1), wherein the lubricating oil composition
contains (c) the dithiophosphate ester compound represented by the
following formula (I) in an amount of more than 0.1% by mass and
less than 2% by mass.
[0011] (3) The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to the item (1) or (2), wherein R.sup.1 represents a
linear or branched alkylene group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;
and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each represent a linear or branched
alkylene group having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
[0012] (4) The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to anyone of the items (1) to (3), wherein the
antioxidant is at least one kind selected from a phosphorus
compound, a phenol compound, a phenylamine compound, and a
napthylamine compound.
[0013] (5) The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to anyone of the items (1) to (4), wherein the
lubricating oil composition contains the antioxidant in an amount
of 0.01% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.
[0014] (6) The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to any one of the items (1) to (5), wherein the base oil
is a mineral oil.
[0015] (7) The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to any one of the items (1) to (6), wherein the rotary
compressor is a gear-driven rotary compressor.
[0016] (8) The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
according to any one of the items (1) to (7), wherein the rotary
compressor is a screw compressor, a movable vane compressor, a
scroll compressor, or a tooth compressor.
Advantageous Effects of Invention
[0017] According to the present invention, with respect to a
lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor, provided is a
lubricating oil composition capable of imparting high extreme
pressure property while maintaining high oxidation stability.
[0018] According to the present invention, furthermore, with
respect to the aforementioned lubricating oil composition for a
rotary compressor, provided is a lubricating oil composition for a
rotary compressor which is capable of suppressing the formation of
sludge as well as achieving both the excellent oxidation stability
and extreme pressure property.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0019] The present invention will be described in more detail
below.
[0020] A lubricating oil composition for a compressor generally
contains an antioxidant since the lubricating oil composition is
demanded to have high oxidation stability in view of the usage
pattern and the usage cycle thereof. In addition, a lubricating oil
composition for a compressor, particularly a lubricating oil
composition for a rotary compressor, such as a gear-driven
compressor, is also demanded to have high extreme pressure
property, but an SP extreme pressure additive having been used
conventionally in a lubricating oil impairs the oxidation stability
of the oil in the long-term use thereof.
[0021] Under the circumstances, the present inventor has found that
the use of the specific amount of the dithiophosphate ester
compound having the particular structure having a COOH group in a
lubricating oil for a rotary compressor imparts excellent extreme
pressure property without impairing the oxidation stability thereof
for a prolonged period of time, and suppresses the formation of
sludge to a level that causes no practical problem. Such a
dithiophosphate ester compound having a COOH group has been
generally considered to impair the oxidation stability, and thus
the above finding is unexpected. The present invention has been
completed based on these grounds.
[0022] The technique described in PTL 1 is for addressing the
problem relating to an engine oil, which is assumed to be replaced
in a shorter period of time than a compressor oil. Accordingly, the
demanded capability for suppressing sludge is low, the long-term
oxidation stability of the lubricating oil for a compressor is not
focused, and also there is no attention to the simultaneous
achievement of the oxidation stability and the extreme pressure
property. The technique described in PTL 2 is for addressing the
problem relating to a hydraulic oil, which is assumed to be
replaced in a shorter period of time than a compressor oil.
Accordingly, the demanded capability for suppressing sludge is low,
there is no attention to the simultaneous achievement of the
oxidation stability and the extreme pressure property of a
compressor oil, particularly a lubricating oil for a rotary
compressor, for a prolonged period of time, which is realized in
the present invention by the use of the dithiophosphate ester
compound, and thus the problems and the constitutions thereof do
not describe the present invention.
[0023] The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor
(which may be hereinafter referred simply to as a lubricating oil
composition) of the present invention contains (a) a base oil, (b)
an antioxidant, and (c) a dithiophosphate ester compound
represented by the above formula (I) in an amount of 0.05% by mass
or more and less than 2.0% by mass based on the total amount of the
composition.
(a) Base Oil
[0024] The base oil used in the lubricating oil composition for a
rotary compressor of the present invention may be any of a mineral
oil and a synthetic oil. The kinds and the like of the mineral oil
and the synthetic oil are not particularly limited, and examples of
the mineral oil include a paraffin base mineral oil, an
intermediate base mineral oil and a naphthene base mineral oil,
which are obtained by an ordinary refining method, such as solvent
refining and hydrogenation refining.
[0025] Examples of the synthetic oil include polybutene, polyolefin
(.alpha.-olefin (co)polymer), various esters (such as a polyol
ester, a dibasic acid ester and a phosphate ester), various ethers
(such as polyphenyl ether), and isomerized products of slack wax
and GTL wax.
[0026] The mineral oil and the synthetic oil may be used solely or
as a mixture of two or more kinds of base oils selected from the
above which may be mixed in an arbitrary ratio.
[0027] The viscosity of the base oil used in the lubricating oil
composition of the present invention may be arbitrary, and in
consideration of the lubricating property, the cooling property,
and the frictional loss on agitation, the kinetic viscosity at
40.degree. C. thereof may be 1 mm.sup.2/s or more and 10,000
mm.sup.2/s or less, preferably 5 mm.sup.2/s or more and 500
mm.sup.2/s or less, and more preferably 10 mm.sup.2/s or more and
100 mm.sup.2/s or less. In the case where two or more kinds of base
oils are used, the kinetic viscosity of the mixed base oil is
preferably in the aforementioned range.
[0028] In the present invention, the base oil used is preferably a
mineral oil from the standpoint of the cost and the supply
stability.
(b) Antioxidant
[0029] As the antioxidant of the component (b), any one that is
generally used in a lubricating oil may be used, examples of which
include an amine compound, a phosphorus compound, a sulfur
compound, a phosphorus-sulfur-containing compound, and a phenol
compound.
[0030] Examples of the amine compound include a phenylamine
compound, such as a monoalkyldiphenylamine compound, e.g.,
monooctyldiphenylamine and monononyldiphenylamine; a
dialkyldiphenylamine compound, e.g., 4,4'-dibutyldiphenylamine,
4,4'-dipentyldiphenylamine, 4,4'-dihexyldiphenylamine,
4,4'-diheptyldiphenylamine, 4,4-dioctyldiphenylamine and
4,4'-dinonyldiphenylamine; and a polyalkyldiphenylamine compound,
e.g., tetrabutyldiphenylamine, tetrahexyldiphenylamine,
tetraoctyldiphenylamine and tetranonyldiphenylamine; and a
naphthylamine compound, such as .alpha.-naphthylamine,
phenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine, butylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine,
pentylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine,
hexylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine,
heptylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine,
octylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine,
nonylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine,
decylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine and
dodecylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine.
[0031] Examples of the phosphorus compound, the sulfur compound and
the phosphorus-sulfur-containing compound include a phosphorus
compound, such as diethyl
((3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)phosphonate and
diethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, a zinc
dialkyldithiophosphate compound, such as zinc
di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate,
2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(4,6-bis(octylthio)-1,3,5-triazin-2-ylamino)phenol,
a thioterpene compound, such as a reaction product of phosphorus
pentasulfide and pinene, and a dialkyl thiodipropionate, such as
dilauryl thiodipropionate and distearyl thiodipropionate.
[0032] Examples of the phenol compound include a monocyclic phenol
compound, such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol,
2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol,
2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxymethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol,
2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol,
2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)phenol,
2,6-di-tert-amyl-4-methylphenol and n-octadecyl
3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)propionate; and a polycyclic
phenol compound, such as
4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol),
4,4'-isopropylidenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol),
2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol),
4,4'-bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol),
4,4'-bis(2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol),
2,2'-methylenebis(4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol),
4,4'-butylidenebis(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol),
2,2'-thiobis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) and
4,4'-thiobis(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol).
[0033] In these antioxidants, a phosphorus compound, a phenol
compound and an amine compound are preferred, a phosphorus
compound, a phenylamine compound and a naphthylamine compound are
more preferred, and specifically 4,4'-dioctyldiphenylamine,
octylphenyl-.alpha.-naphthylamine, diethyl
3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate and the like are
preferred, from the standpoint of the antioxidant capability.
[0034] The content of the antioxidant is generally approximately
0.01% by mass or more and approximately 10% by mass or less based
on the total lubricating oil composition, and is preferably 0.03%
by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.1% by
mass or more and 4% by mass or less, and further preferably 0.5% by
mass or more and 3% by mass or less, based on the total lubricating
oil composition, from the standpoint of the antioxidant capability
for the lower limit and the solubility in the base oil for the
upper limit.
(c) Dithiophosphate Ester Compound Represented by Formula (I)
[0035] In the present invention, the dithiophosphate ester compound
represented by the following formula (I) is used, and in the
formula (I), R.sup.1 represents a linear or branched alkylene group
having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each
represent a hydrocarbon group having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
##STR00002##
[0036] In the case where R.sup.1 in the formula (I) has more than 8
carbon atoms, the compound is liable to cause dissolution failure
in the base oil. In view of this point, R.sup.1 necessarily
represents a linear or branched alkylene group having from 1 to 8
carbon atoms, preferably a linear or branched alkylene group having
from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and more preferably a branched alkylene
group. Preferred specific examples thereof include
--CH.sub.2CH.sub.2--, --CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)--,
--CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.2CH.sub.3)-- and
--CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3)--, and more preferred
examples thereof include --CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)-- and
--CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.2CH.sub.3)--.
[0037] In the case where R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each have less than 3
carbon atoms, the compound is liable to cause adsorption failure to
a metal surface due to the small molecular weight thereof, and in
the case where they each have more than 20 carbon atoms, the
compound is liable to cause dissolution failure in the base oil. In
view of this point, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each preferably represent a
linear or branched alkyl group having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and
more preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having from 4 to 6
carbon atoms. Specifically, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each are preferably
selected from the group consisting of propyl, isopropyl, butyl,
isobutyl, t-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl, 2-ethylbutyl,
1-methylpenthyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl and 2-ethylhexyl groups, and
among these, isobutyl and t-butyl are more preferred.
[0038] The dithiophosphate ester compound represented by the
formula (I) is contained in an amount of 0.05% by mass or more and
less than 2.0% by mass based on the total lubricating oil
composition. When the content of the dithiophosphate ester compound
is less than 0.05% based on the total lubricating oil composition,
the extreme pressure property and the oxidation stability are
deteriorated, and when the content thereof is 2.0% by mass or more,
the oxidation stability is disadvantageously insufficient. In view
of this point, the dithiophosphate ester compound is preferably
contained in an amount of 0.07% by mass or more and less than 2.0%
by mass, more preferably more than 0.1% by mass and less than 2.0%
by mass, further preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 1.0% by mass
or less, and particularly preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 0.5%
by mass or less, based on the total lubricating oil
composition.
Other Lubricating Oil Additives
[0039] The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor of
the present invention contains (a) the base oil, (b) the
antioxidant, and (c) the dithiophosphate ester compound represented
by the formula (I) in an amount of 0.05% by mass or more and less
than 2.0% by mass based on the total composition, and may further
contain, as a lubricating oil additive depending on necessity, at
least one kind selected from an additional extreme pressure
additive, a defoaming agent, a rust inhibitor, an oiliness
improver, a detergent-dispersant, a metal deactivator, a
demulsifier, and the like, which are generally used in a
lubricating oil.
[0040] Examples of the additional extreme pressure additive used
include other compounds than the dithiophosphate ester compound
represented by the formula (I), for example, a sulfur extreme
pressure additive, a phosphorus extreme pressure additive, and an
SP extreme pressure additive, such as a dithiophosphate ester
compound containing no COOH group and a monothiophosphate ester
compound.
[0041] Examples of the sulfur extreme pressure additive include a
dialkyl sulfide, dibenzyl sulfide, a dialkyl polysulfide, an
alkylmercaptane, dibenzothiophene, dibutyl dithioglycolate, and
2,2'-dithiobis(benzothiazole), and the phosphorus extreme pressure
additive is preferably a phosphate ester compound, a phosphite
ester compound, an acidic phosphate ester compound, an acidic
phosphite ester compound, and amine salts of these compounds,
examples of which include a trialkyl phosphate, a triaryl
phosphate, a trialkyl phosphonate, a trialkyl phosphite, triaryl
phosphite and a dialkyl hydrogenphosphite.
[0042] Examples of the dithiophosphate ester compound containing no
COOH group include compounds obtained by replacing H of the COOH
group in the dithiophosphate ester compound represented by the
formula (I) by an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or
the like, and examples of the monothiophosphate ester compound
include a trialkyl trithiophosphate, a triaryl trithiophosphate and
a triaralkyl trithiophosphate.
[0043] These extreme pressure additives may be used solely or as a
combination thereof in such a range that the effects of the present
invention are not impaired, and specifically may be used in an
amount of 0.2 part by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the
lubricating oil composition.
[0044] The defoaming agent used may be a silicone defoaming agent,
and a polymer silicone defoaming agent is preferred, examples of
which include an organopolysiloxane, with a fluorine-containing
organopolysiloxane, such as trifluoropropylmethylsilicone oil being
preferred. The silicone defoaming agent is preferably contained in
an amount of approximately 0.0005% by mass or more and
approximately 0.5% by mass or less based on the total lubricating
oil composition from the standpoint of the balance between the
defoaming effect and the economic efficiency.
[0045] Examples of the rust inhibitor include a metal sulfonate, an
aliphatic amine compound, an organic phosphite ester, an organic
phosphate ester, an organic metal sulfonate salt, an organic metal
phosphate salt, an alkenyl succinate ester and a polyhydric alcohol
ester. The content of the rust inhibitor is generally approximately
0.01% by mass or more and approximately 10% by mass or less, and
preferably 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, based on
the total lubricating oil composition, from the standpoint of the
effect thereof added.
[0046] Examples of the oiliness improver include an aliphatic
alcohol, a fatty acid compound, such as a fatty acid and a fatty
acid metal salt, an ester compound, such as a polyol ester, a
sorbitan ester and a glyceride, and an amine compound, such as an
aliphatic amine. The content of the oiliness improver is generally
approximately 0.1% by mass or more and approximately 30% by mass or
less, and preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less,
based on the total lubricating oil composition, from the standpoint
of the effect thereof added.
[0047] Examples of the detergent-dispersant include a metal
sulfonate, a metal salicylate, a metal phenate, an aliphatic amine
compound, an organic phosphite ester, an organic phosphate ester,
an organic metal sulfonate salt, an organic metal phosphate salt,
an alkenyl succinate ester and a polyhydric alcohol ester. The
content of the detergent-dispersant is generally approximately
0.01% by mass or more and approximately 30% by mass or less, and
preferably 0.05% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, based on
the total lubricating oil composition, from the standpoint of the
effect thereof added.
[0048] Examples of the metal deactivator include a benzotriazole
compound and a thiadiazole compound. The content of the metal
deactivator is generally approximately 0.01% by mass or more and
approximately 10% by mass or less, and preferably 0.01% by mass or
more and 1% by mass or less, based on the total lubricating oil
composition, from the standpoint of the effect thereof added.
[0049] Examples of a pour point depressant used include a
polymethacrylate having a weight average molecular weight of
approximately 50,000 or more and approximately 150,000 or less. The
content of the pour point depressant is generally approximately
0.01% by mass or more and approximately 5% by mass or less, and
preferably 0.02% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less, based on
the total lubricating oil composition, from the standpoint of the
effect thereof added, the other properties and the like.
[0050] Examples of the demulsifier include the known compounds, for
example, an anionic surfactant, such as a sulfate ester salt of
castor oil and a petroleum sulfonate salt, a cationic surfactant,
such as a quaternary ammonium salt and an imidazoline surfactant,
and a condensation product of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide
having a molecular weight of approximately 1,500 or more and
approximately 10,000 or less, specific examples of which include a
polyoxyalkylene polyglycol and a dicarboxylate ester thereof, and
an alkylene oxide adduct of an alkylphenol-formaldehyde
polycondensate. The content of the demulsifier is generally
approximately 0.01% by mass or more and approximately 5% by mass or
less, and preferably 0.02% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less,
based on the total lubricating oil composition.
[0051] The lubricating oil composition of the present invention
preferably has a kinetic viscosity at 100.degree. C. (according to
JIS K2283) of 7.5 mm.sup.2/s or less, and more preferably 4.5
mm.sup.2/s or more and 7.0 mm.sup.2/s or less, from the standpoint
of the enhancement of the energy saving property due to the
reduction of friction.
[0052] The lubricating oil composition of the present invention
preferably has a kinetic viscosity at 40.degree. C. of 55
mm.sup.2/s or less, and more preferably 30 mm.sup.2/s or more and
50 mm.sup.2/s or less, from the standpoint of the enhancement of
the energy saving property due to the reduction of friction.
[0053] The lubricating oil composition of the present invention
preferably has an acid value (according to JIS K2501) of 0 mgKOH/g
or more and 1.0 mgKOH/g or less, and more preferably 0 mgKOH/g or
more and 0.5 mgKOH/g or less, from the standpoint of the long-term
storage stability.
[0054] The present invention also provides a method for lubricating
a rotary compressor with the lubricating oil composition.
[0055] Specifically, the lubricating oil composition of the present
invention may be charged as a lubricating oil to a rotary
compressor, and thereby excellent extreme pressure property may be
obtained while maintaining high oxidation stability. Furthermore,
the formation of sludge is capable of being suppressed, in addition
to the achievement of both the excellent oxidation stability and
extreme pressure property.
[0056] Examples of the rotary compressor, to which the lubricating
oil composition of the present invention is capable of being
applied, include a screw compressor, a movable vane compressor, a
scroll compressor, and a tooth compressor, and the present
invention is applied particularly preferably to a gear-driven
rotary compressor, in which extreme pressure property is
demanded.
EXAMPLE
[0057] The present invention will be described more specifically
with reference to examples below, but the present invention is not
limited to the examples.
[0058] Properties of Lubricating Oil Composition
[0059] The properties of the lubricating oil composition were
measured in the following manners.
(1) kinetic viscosity (40.degree. C.): according to JIS K2283 (2)
acid value (indicator method): according to JIS K2501 (3) copper
strip corrosion (100.degree. C., 3 hours): according to JIS K2513
(4) sulfur content (ppm): according to JIS K2541 (5) nitrogen
content (ppm): according to JIS K2609 (6) phosphorus content (ppm):
ICP analysis (7) zinc content (ppm): ICP analysis
Evaluation Items and Evaluation Methods
(1) Load Bearing Test (Shell EP Test)
[0060] The test was performed according to ASTM D2783 with a
four-ball tester under conditions of a rotation number of 1,800 rpm
and an oil temperature of from 18.3 to 35.0.degree. C. The load
wear index (LWI) was obtained from the last non-seizure load (LNL)
and the weld load (WL). A larger value therefor means better load
bearing property.
(2) Wear Resistance Test (Shell Wear Test)
[0061] The test was performed according to ASTM D2783 with a
four-ball tester under conditions of a load of 392 N, a rotation
number of 1,200 rpm, an oil temperature of 75.degree. C. and a test
time of 60 minutes. The average wear track diameter was calculated
by averaging the wear track diameters caused by three 1/2-inch
balls.
(3) Rotating Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test (RPVOT)
[0062] The test was performed according to JIS K2514 in the
following manner. A container containing 5 g of the test oil, 5 mL
distilled water, and a Cu coil as a catalyst was placed in a
rotating pressure vessel, and oxygen was charged in the pressure
vessel under pressure to 620 kPa. The pressure vessel was then
rotated in a thermostat chamber at 150.degree. C. at 100 rpm while
maintaining the pressure vessel at an angle of 30.degree., and the
period of time (minute) from the time when the oxygen pressure was
maximum to the time when the oxygen pressure was lowered to 175
kPa.
(4) Oxidation Stability Test (Modified IOT (Modified Indiana
Oxidation Stability Test))
[0063] 300 mL of the test oil was placed in a glass tube, and a
blowing tube having an outer diameter of 7.0 mm having diffuser
stone attached to the end thereof and a Cu--Fe coil as a catalyst
wound thereon was inserted to the glass tube to make the Cu--Fe
coil immersed in the oil. While controlling the oil temperature to
130.degree. C., oxygen was blown from the blowing tube at 3 L/hr
for from 240 to 960 hours, and the test oil was sampled
inappropriate timing within the period and evaluated for the
oxidation stability.
(5) FZG Gear Test
[0064] A test oil was evaluated for extreme pressure property
according to DIN 51354 in such a manner that a torsional load was
applied to a spur gear pair, and the load was increased until a
damage was observed on the tooth surface. The wear amount of the
spur gear pair was measured in each steps of load applied thereto,
and the step where the wear amount was larger by 10 mg or more than
the average slope of the wear curve was designated as the marginal
load. The test conditions were as follows.
pinion rotation number: 2,250 rpm oil temperature: 90.degree. C. at
the start of operation (90.degree. C. or more thereafter) oil
amount: 1.25 L in gear box pitch circumferential velocity of test
gear: 8.30 m/s load: load steps of 1 to 12 surface pressure: 15.7
to 198.9 kg/mm.sup.2 test time: 15 minutes in each step oil feeding
method: oil bath
(6) Millipore Filter Test
[0065] According to SAE-ARP-785-63, the deposit formed in the test
oil sampled during the oxidation stability test (modified IOT) was
collected by filtration and measured for the weight thereof.
Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6
[0066] The base oils shown in Tables 1 and 2 were prepared, to
which the various additives shown in the tables were added to
prepare lubricating oil compositions A to K (the numerals in the
tables were in terms of percent by mass), and the resulting
lubricating oil compositions each were evaluated for the
aforementioned lubricating capabilities. The results are shown in
Tables 3 and 4. The lubricating oil composition J of Comparative
Example 5 was a commercially available product (Roto Inject Fluid)
containing 0.54% by mass of ZnDTP as an extreme pressure
additive.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- ple 1 ple 2
ple 3 ple 4 ple 5 Lubricating oil A B C D E composition Paraffin
mineral oil 1 66.70 66.70 66.83 66.78 66.87 Paraffin mineral oil 2
29.87 29.87 29.94 29.94 30.00 Antioxidant 1 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
2.00 Antioxidant 2 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Antioxidant 3 0.20 0.20
0.20 0.20 0.20 Pour point depressant 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
Detergent-dispersant 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 Rust inhibitor 0.05
0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Metal deactivator 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
Defoaming agent 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Extreme Extreme 0.20 0.20
0.20 0.20 0.10 pressure pressure additive additive 1 Extreme -- --
-- 0.05 -- pressure additive 2 Extreme 0.20 -- -- -- -- pressure
additive 3 Extreme -- 0.20 -- -- -- pressure additive 4 Total
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Comparative Comparative Comparative
Comparative Comparative Comparative Example 1 Example 2 Example 3
Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Lubricating oil composition F G H I J
K Paraffin mineral oil 1 66.93 66.80 66.91 66.78 Commercially 66.97
Paraffin mineral oil 2 30.00 29.92 29.98 29.94 available 30.00
Antioxidant 1 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 product 2.00 Antioxidant 2 0.50
0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Antioxidant 3 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 Pour
point depressant 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Detergent-dispersant 0.08
0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 Rust inhibitor 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Metal
deactivator 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Defoaming agent 0.10 0.10 0.10
0.10 0.10 Extreme Extreme pressure additive 1 -- -- -- -- --
pressure Extreme pressure additive 2 -- 0.05 -- -- -- additive
Extreme pressure additive 3 -- -- -- 0.05 -- Extreme pressure
additive 4 -- -- 0.04 -- -- Extreme pressure additive 5 -- 0.20 --
0.20 -- Extreme pressure additive 6 0.04 -- 0.04 -- -- Total 99.96
99.80 99.96 99.80 100.00 100.00
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- ple 1 ple 2
ple 3 ple 4 ple 5 Shell four-ball LNL (N) 981 981 981 981 981 EP
test WL (N) 1,569 1,569 1,569 1,569 1,569 LWI (N) 389 393 390 389
390 Shell wear test Average 0.45 0.47 0.46 0.45 0.46 wear track
diameter (mm)
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Comparative Comparative Comparative
Comparative Comparative Comparative Example 1 Example 2 Example 3
Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Shell four-ball LNL (N) 235 490 392
618 981 490 EP test WL (N) 1,569 1,569 1,569 1,569 1,961 1,569 LWI
(N) 129 216 181 261 405 214 Shell wear test Average wear 0.61 0.78
0.65 0.83 0.51 0.62 track diameter (mm)
[0067] The base oils and the additives used were as follows.
Base Oil
Paraffin Mineral Oil 1
[0068] kinetic viscosity: 30.6 mm.sup.2/s (40.degree. C.), 5.285
mm.sup.2/s (100.degree. C.)
[0069] viscosity index: 104
[0070] acid value: 0.01 mgKOH/g
[0071] density: 0.863 (15.degree. C.)
[0072] flash point: 222.degree. C.
[0073] pour point: -17.5.degree. C.
Paraffin Mineral Oil 2
[0074] kinetic viscosity: 90.5 mm.sup.2/s (40.degree. C.), 10.89
mm.sup.2/s (100.degree. C.)
[0075] viscosity index: 107
[0076] acid value: 0.01 mgKOH/g
[0077] density: 0.869 (15.degree. C.)
[0078] flash point: 266.degree. C.
[0079] pour point: -17.5.degree. C.
Additives
[0080] Antioxidant 1: 4,4'-dioctyldiphenylamine Antioxidant 2:
p-t-octylphenyl-1-naphthylamine Antioxidant 3: diethyl
3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate
Extreme Pressure Additive 1:
[0081] dithiophosphate ester containing an end COOH group shown by
the following structure (compound represented by the formula (I),
wherein R.sup.1 represents a propylene group, and R.sup.2 and
R.sup.3 each represent an isobutyl group)
##STR00003##
Extreme Pressure Additive 2:
[0082] triphenylthiophosphate ester shown by the following
structure
##STR00004##
Extreme Pressure Additive 3:
[0083] tris(2,4-C9-C10isoalkylphenyl)thiophosphate ester shown by
the following structure
##STR00005##
Extreme Pressure Additive 4:
[0084] dibutyl dithioglycolate shown by the following structure
##STR00006##
Extreme Pressure Additive 5:
[0085] dithiophosphate ester shown by the following structure
##STR00007##
Extreme Pressure Additive 6:
[0086] alkyl acid phosphate amine salt shown by the following
structure
##STR00008##
wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each represent a hydrogen atom or an
alkyl group. Pour point depressant: polymethacrylate (weight
average molecular weight: 69,000) Detergent-dispersant: Ca alkyl
salicylate Rust inhibitor: Ca sulfonate Metal deactivator:
dialkylaminomethylbenzotriazole Defoaming agent: silicone defoaming
agent
Example 6 and Comparative Examples 7 and 8
[0087] The lubricating oil compositions E, J and K obtained in
Examples 5 and Comparative Examples 5 and 6 were subjected to
evaluation for the composition, the property, the rotating pressure
vessel oxidation test (RPVOT), and the FZG gear test. The results
are shown in Table 5.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Comparative Comparative Example 6 Example 7
Example 8 Lubricating oil composition E J K Kinetic viscosity
(40.degree. C.) 46.1 47.9 45.6 (mm.sup.2/g) Acid value (mgKOH/g)
0.22 1.35 0.06 Copper strip corrosion 1(1B) 1(1B) 1(1B)
(100.degree. C., 3 hours) Sulfur content (ppm) 220 0.73% --
Nitrogen content (ppm) 880 140 920 RPVOT (min) 1,900 247 1,850 ICP
analysis (ppm) P 262 482 167 Zn -- 555 -- FZG marginal load step 12
< 11 7
[0088] The lubricating oil compositions were subjected to the
oxidation stability test (modified IOT), and the test oils sampled
within the period of from 0 to 960 hours were measured for the
kinetic viscosity (40.degree. C.), the acid value, the rotating
pressure vessel oxidation test (RPVOT), and the Millipore filter
test value. The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7.
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Example 6 Oxygen blowing 0 336 504 720 960
time (hr) Kinetic viscosity 44.37 46.9 47.51 47.7 48 (40.degree.
C.) (mm.sup.2/g) Acid value 0.22 0.44 0.49 0.55 0.85 (mgKOH/g)
RPVOT (min) 1,900 1,486 929 932 798 Millipore filter test 0 39 29
100 70 value (mg/100 mL)
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Comparative Example 7 Comparative Example 8
Oxygen blowing time (hr) 0 120 240 336 0 480 960 Kinetic viscosity
47.94 48.56 58.99 86.42 44.43 47.11 48.23 (40.degree. C.)
(mm.sup.2/g) Acid value (mgKOH/g) 1.35 1.49 8.53 23.7 0.09 0.38
0.77 RPVOT (min) 247 156 28 24 1,825 1,041 700 Millipore filter
test value 0 0.8 570 5,200 0 18 23 (mg/100 mL)
[0089] It is understood from Tables 6 and 7 that Comparative
Example 7 shows a good result in the FZG gear test showing the
extreme pressure property since ZnDTP was compounded as an extreme
pressure additive, but shows a tendency of drastic increase in the
acid value and the Millipore filter test value, which is not
suitable for long-term use. It is also understood that Comparative
Example 8 shows a poor result in the FZG gear test showing the
extreme pressure property since an extreme pressure additive was
not compounded, and thus is not suitable for the use as a
lubricating oil for a compressor.
[0090] It is understood from the comparison with Comparative
Examples 7 and 8 that Example 6 suppresses the formation of sludge
to a practically favorable level while maintaining high oxidation
stability for a prolonged period of time, and is capable of
imparting excellent extreme pressure property.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
[0091] The lubricating oil composition for a rotary compressor of
the present invention is capable of imparting high extreme pressure
property while maintaining high oxidation stability, and thus may
be favorably used particularly as a lubricating oil for a
gear-driven rotary compressor, such as a screw compressor, a
movable vane compressor, a scroll compressor, and a tooth
compressor.
* * * * *