U.S. patent application number 14/818613 was filed with the patent office on 2015-11-26 for apparatus for obtaining status information of crystalline lens and equipment including the same.
The applicant listed for this patent is University-Industry Foundation, Yonsei University. Invention is credited to Byoung-Yong Kim, Dae-Shik Seo.
Application Number | 20150335241 14/818613 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 46490490 |
Filed Date | 2015-11-26 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150335241 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Seo; Dae-Shik ; et
al. |
November 26, 2015 |
APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING STATUS INFORMATION OF CRYSTALLINE LENS AND
EQUIPMENT INCLUDING THE SAME
Abstract
In one example embodiment, an apparatus for obtaining status
information of a crystalline lens of an eye includes a light
projector configured to project a reference light to the
crystalline lens; an intensity detector configured to detect an
intensity of scattered light that is generated from the reference
light by being scattered at the crystalline lens; and a calculator
configured to calculate thickness information of the crystalline
lens based on the intensity of scattered light.
Inventors: |
Seo; Dae-Shik; (Seoul,
KR) ; Kim; Byoung-Yong; (Gumi-si, KR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
University-Industry Foundation, Yonsei University |
Seoul |
|
KR |
|
|
Family ID: |
46490490 |
Appl. No.: |
14/818613 |
Filed: |
August 5, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
13332735 |
Dec 21, 2011 |
9131839 |
|
|
14818613 |
|
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
351/215 ;
351/221; 351/246 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B 3/1005 20130101;
A61B 3/1173 20130101; H04N 2213/008 20130101; H04N 13/359 20180501;
A61B 3/0025 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61B 3/117 20060101
A61B003/117; A61B 3/00 20060101 A61B003/00; A61B 3/10 20060101
A61B003/10 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jan 18, 2011 |
KR |
10-2011-0004767 |
Claims
1. An apparatus for obtaining status information of a crystalline
lens of an eye, the apparatus comprising: a light projector
configured to project a reference light to the crystalline lens; an
intensity detector configured to detect an intensity of scattered
light that is generated from the reference light by being scattered
at the crystalline lens; and a calculator configured to calculate
thickness information of the crystalline lens based on the
intensity of scattered light.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the light projector comprises:
a light source positioned outside of a visual field of the eye and
configured to generate the reference light; and a light path
changer configured to change a direction of the reference light
received from the light source to a direction in which the
reference light perpendicularly enters the crystalline lens.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the light path changer
comprises a prism that is positioned at an approximately center of
the visual field of the eye.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference light is an
invisible light.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the calculator is further
configured to calculate a change amount of a thickness of the
crystalline lens based on a change amount of the intensity of the
scattered light.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the calculator is further
configured to calculate a thickness of the crystalline lens based
on the intensity of the scattered light and a predetermined
reference value.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a polarizer
positioned at an entrance of the intensity detector.
8. A three-dimensional (3D) glasses apparatus comprising: a light
projector configured to project a reference light to a crystalline
lens of an eye of a user wearing the 3D glasses; an intensity
detector configured to detect an intensity of scattered light that
is generated from the reference light by being scattered at the
crystalline lens; a calculator configured to calculate thickness
information of the crystalline lens based on the intensity of
scattered light; and a transmitter configured to transmit the
thickness information of the crystalline lens to an external
device.
9. The 3D glasses of claim 8, wherein the light projector
comprises: a light source positioned at a frame body of the 3D
glasses and configured to generate the reference light; and a light
path changer positioned on a lens of the 3D glasses and configured
to change a direction of the reference light received from the
light source to a direction in which the reference light
perpendicularly enters the crystalline lens.
10. The 3D glasses of claim 9, wherein the light path changer
comprises a micro-sized prism.
11. A three-dimensional (3D) image display system comprising: a 3D
image reproducing apparatus configured to reproduce 3D images on a
3D display; and a 3D glasses used to view the 3D images displayed
on the 3D display, wherein the 3D glasses comprise: a crystalline
lens thickness detector configured to detect thickness information
of a crystalline lens of an eye of a wearer, and a transmitter
configured to transmit the thickness information of the crystalline
lens to the 3D image reproducing apparatus, and wherein the 3D
image reproducing apparatus comprises: a receiver configured to
receive the thickness information of the crystalline lens from the
3D glasses, and a controller configured to adjust the 3D images
based on the thickness information of the crystalline lens, wherein
the crystalline lens thickness detector comprises: a light
projector configured to project a reference light to the
crystalline lens of the eye of the wearer; an intensity detector
configured to detect an intensity of scattered light that is
generated from the reference light by being scattered at the
crystalline lens; and a calculator configured to calculate the
thickness information of the crystalline lens based on the
intensity of scattered light.
12. The 3D image display system of claim 11, wherein the controller
is further configured to display the 3D images based on binocular
disparity, if the thickness of the crystalline lens is less than a
predetermined reference value, and display 2D images if the
thickness of the crystalline lens is greater than the predetermined
reference value.
13. A three-dimensional (3D) image acquisition apparatus
comprising: a left camera; a right camera spaced away from the left
camera; a crystalline lens thickness detector positioned on at
least one of the left camera and right camera, and configured to
detect thickness information of a crystalline lens of an eye of a
user who is photographing with the 3D image acquisition apparatus;
and an image processor configured to encode at least one of a left
image acquired by the left camera and a right image acquired by the
right camera based on the thickness information of the crystalline
lens, wherein the crystalline lens thickness detector comprises: a
light projector configured to project a reference light to the
crystalline lens of the eye of the wearer; an intensity detector
configured to detect an intensity of scattered light that is
generated from the reference light by being scattered at the
crystalline lens; and a calculator configured to calculate the
thickness information of the crystalline lens based on the
intensity of scattered light.
14. The 3D image acquisition apparatus of claim 14, wherein the
image processor is further configured to encode both of the left
image and right image, if the thickness of the crystalline lens is
less than a predetermined reference value, and encode one of the
left image and right image if the thickness of the crystalline lens
is greater than the predetermined reference value.
15. A method for obtaining information of a crystalline lens of an
eye, the method comprising: projecting a reference light to the
crystalline lens of the eye; detecting an intensity of scattered
light that is generated from the reference light by being scattered
at the crystalline lens; and calculating the thickness information
of the crystalline lens based on the intensity of scattered
light.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the projecting is performed by
a light source that is positioned outside of a field of view of the
eye.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the projecting comprises:
projecting the reference light, by the light source, to a light
path changer that is positioned in the field of view of the eye,
and changing a direction of the reference light, by the light path
changer, to a direction in which the reference light
perpendicularly enters the crystalline lens. calculating thickness
information of the crystalline lens based on the received scattered
lights.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the directing is performed by a
source that is not in the field of view of the person.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the source is included in a
pair of three-dimensional (3D) glasses.
20. The method of claim 17, wherein the directing comprises
directing the light to be perpendicularly incident on the
crystalline lens of the eyeball.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)
[0001] This is a continuation application of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 13/332,735, filed on Dec. 21, 2011 which
claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.119(a) of a Korean Patent
Application No. 10-2011-0004767, filed on Jan. 18, 2011, in the
Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire disclosure of which
is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
BACKGROUND
[0002] 1. FIELD
[0003] The following description relates to an apparatus for
obtaining status information about a crystalline lens of a person's
eyeball, and optical/electronic equipment including the
apparatus.
[0004] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0005] A person has an eyeball structure that may adjust a
thickness of a crystalline lens to focus objects with different
distances from the crystalline lens. A person's eyeball focuses on
objects by increasing the thickness of the crystalline lens while
the person views objects located close to the crystalline lens and
by decreasing the thickness of the crystalline lens while viewing
objects far from the crystalline lens. Accordingly, the radius of
curvature of the crystalline lens (specifically, the cornea
surrounding the crystalline lens) also decreases or increases
depending on a distance from the crystalline lens to an object.
[0006] Optical devices, such as a telescope, a microscope, a
camera, and the like, or direct view displays such as a head-mount
display, generally include an external focusing terminal or a
mechanical focusing device that may correct focus deviations based
on a person's sights and/or various environments. A person who
utilizes such an optical device or direct view display may manually
manipulate the external focusing terminal to correct focus
deviations or conduct refocusing.
[0007] Various methods for detecting changes in thickness of a
crystalline lens to obtain status information of the crystalline
lens have been proposed. For example, Japanese Laid-open Patent
Application No. 2000-139841, entitled "a Method of Measuring
Changes in Thickness of Crystalline Lens, and a Training System for
Self-Care of Pseudomyopia Using the Method" relates to a method of
irradiating an infrared light on an eyeball, photographing the
eyeball with a CCD camera, and analyzing the photographed images
using a computer to measure changes in thickness of a crystalline
lens. Also, Japanese Laid-open Patent Application No. 2006-195084
entitled "display apparatus" relates to a display apparatus for
estimating the thickness of a crystalline lens using light
reflected from an eyeball and displaying images adaptively
according to the status of the eyeball. According to the
conventional techniques, a light emitted from a light source is
incident to an eyeball via a translucent mirror and a pair of
convex lenses, and a reflection light that is to be measured by a
crystalline lens thickness measurer passes through the convex
lenses and is deflected by the translucent mirror, so that the path
of the reflection light is directed towards the crystalline lens
thickness measurer.
[0008] Meanwhile, there are currently many displays that support
Full High Definition. Thus, in spite of development of data
compression technologies, an amount of video data that has to be
processed is increasing as a result of the high resolution. The
increase in the amount of video data that has to be processed
increases the load of an encoder (or an image acquisition apparatus
having an encoder). In this example, an image acquisition apparatus
for acquiring stereoscopic images or a display for reproducing the
stereoscopic images has greater load because the apparatus has to
process left-eye and right-eye images.
SUMMARY
[0009] In one exemplary embodiment, there may be provided an
apparatus for obtaining status information of a crystalline lens of
an eye. The apparatus includes a light projector configured to
project a reference light to the crystalline lens, an intensity
detector configured to detect an intensity of scattered light that
is generated from the reference light by being scattered at the
crystalline lens; and, a calculator configured to calculate
thickness information of the crystalline lens based on the
intensity of scattered light.
[0010] In another exemplary embodiment, there may be provided a
three-dimensional (3D) glasses apparatus. The 3D glasses apparatus
includes a light projector configured to project a reference light
to a crystalline lens of an eye of a user wearing the 3D glasses,
an intensity detector configured to detect an intensity of
scattered light that is generated from the reference light by being
scattered at the crystalline lens, a calculator configured to
calculate thickness information of the crystalline lens based on
the intensity of scattered light; and a transmitter configured to
transmit the thickness information of the crystalline lens to an
external device.
[0011] In yet another exemplary embodiment, there may be provided a
three-dimensional (3D) image display system. The 3D image display
system includes a 3D image reproducing apparatus configured to
reproduce 3D images on a 3D display and a 3D glasses used to view
the 3D images displayed on the 3D display. The 3D glasses includes
a crystalline lens thickness detector configured to detect
thickness information of a crystalline lens of an eye of a wearer,
and a transmitter configured to transmit the thickness information
of the crystalline lens to the 3D image reproducing apparatus. The
3D image reproducing apparatus includes a receiver configured to
receive the thickness information of the crystalline lens from the
3D glasses, and a controller configured to adjust the 3D images
based on the thickness information of the crystalline lens. The
crystalline lens thickness detector includes a light projector
configured to project a reference light to the crystalline lens of
the eye of the wearer, an intensity detector configured to detect
an intensity of scattered light that is generated from the
reference light by being scattered at the crystalline lens and a
calculator configured to calculate the thickness information of the
crystalline lens based on the intensity of scattered light.
[0012] In still another exemplary embodiment, there may be provided
a three-dimensional (3D) image acquisition apparatus. The 3D image
acquisition apparatus includes a left camera, a right camera spaced
away from the left camera, a crystalline lens thickness detector
positioned on at least one of the left camera and right camera, and
configured to detect thickness information of a crystalline lens of
an eye of a user who is photographing with the 3D image acquisition
apparatus and an image processor configured to encode at least one
of a left image acquired by the left camera and a right image
acquired by the right camera based on the thickness information of
the crystalline lens. The crystalline lens thickness detector
includes a light projector configured to project a reference light
to the crystalline lens of the eye of the wearer, an intensity
detector configured to detect an intensity of scattered light that
is generated from the reference light by being scattered at the
crystalline lens and a calculator configured to calculate the
thickness information of the crystalline lens based on the
intensity of scattered light.
[0013] In still another exemplary embodiment, there may be provided
a method for obtaining information of a crystalline lens of an eye.
The method includes projecting a reference light to the crystalline
lens of the eye, detecting an intensity of scattered light that is
generated from the reference light by being scattered at the
crystalline lens and calculating the thickness information of the
crystalline lens based on the intensity of scattered light.
[0014] Other features and aspects will be apparent from the
following detailed description, the drawings, and the claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating examples of a
focal length of a human being's eyeball varying according to a
distance to an object.
[0016] FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating examples of lights
perpendicularly incident to crystalline lenses having different
radiuses of curvature.
[0017] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of an apparatus
for obtaining status information of a crystalline lens.
[0018] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a 3D image
display system.
[0019] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a 3D image
acquisition apparatus.
[0020] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a 3D imaging
method.
[0021] Throughout the drawings and the detailed description, unless
otherwise described, the same drawing reference numerals will be
understood to refer to the same elements, features, and structures.
The relative size and depiction of these elements may be
exaggerated for clarity, illustration, and convenience.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following description is provided to assist the reader
in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the methods,
apparatuses, and/or systems described herein. Accordingly, various
changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods,
apparatuses, and/or systems described herein will be suggested to
those of ordinary skill in the art. Also, descriptions of
well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for increased
clarity and conciseness.
[0023] The following description relates to an apparatus capable of
accurately measuring the thickness of a crystalline lens and of
obtaining status information of the crystalline lens without
deteriorating the staring capacity, and optical/electronic
equipment including the same.
[0024] The following description also relates to an
optical/electronic device that can perform automatic control
according to the focal length of a user's eyeball.
[0025] The following description also relates to a 3D image
acquisition apparatus or a 3D image display capable of reducing the
amount of data that has to be processed.
[0026] FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrate examples of a focal length of a
human being's eyeball varying according to a distance to an object.
For example, FIG. 1A is the case in which an object 2a is located
relatively close to the eyeball and FIG. 1B is the case in which an
object 2b is located relatively far from the eyeball.
[0027] Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B, a thickness of the crystalline
lens (4a, 4b) of a human being's eyeball adjusts based on the
distances to the objects 2a and 2b so that the focal length is
controlled. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 1A, if the object
2a is located relatively close to the eyeball, the crystalline lens
4a is thickened so that the focal length of the eyeball is
shortened. In this example, the radius of curvature of the
crystalline lens 4a is relatively small. Meanwhile, as illustrated
in FIG. 1B, if the object 2b is located farther from the eyeball,
the crystalline lens 4b becomes thinner so that the focal length of
the eyeball is lengthened. In this example, the radius of curvature
of the crystalline lens 4b is relatively great.
[0028] FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate examples of light that is
perpendicularly incident to crystalline lenses having different
radiuses of curvature.
[0029] Typically, light scattering is a phenomenon in which light
is scattered in all directions when it encounters a certain object
having a rough surface. That is, scattered lights mean lights that
have directions that change by scattering of light. As described
herein, the term "scattered lights" is not limited to lights that
are scattered by light scattering, and includes all lights
scattered in all directions from a certain light perpendicularly
incident to a surface having a predetermined radius of curvature.
It should also be understood that a light reflected through the
same path as a light incident to a crystalline lens does not belong
to the "scattered lights".
[0030] When a certain light is incident to a crystalline lens, the
light may have different scattering ranges according to a radius of
curvature of the crystalline lens. For example, a scattering range
.theta..sub.1 of scattered lights L.sub.2a when the radius of
curvature of the crystalline lens 4a (specifically, the cornea
surrounding the crystalline lens 4a) is small, as illustrated in
FIG. 2A, is relatively larger than a scattering range .theta..sub.2
of scattered lights L.sub.2b when the radius of curvature of the
crystalline lens 4b is great, as illustrated in FIG. 2B
(.theta..sub.1>.theta..sub.2). As a result, when the radius of
curvature of the crystalline lens 4a is small, the intensity (that
is, the intensity of scattered lights per a unit area) of the
scattered lights L.sub.2a becomes weaker, while when the radius of
curvature of the crystalline lens 4b is great, the intensity of the
scattered lights L.sub.2b becomes stronger. In the current example,
changes in intensity of scattered lights according to changes in
radius of curvature of a crystalline lens are used to obtain status
information of the crystalline lens. The status information may
include thickness information about the crystalline lens.
[0031] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an apparatus for obtaining
status information of a crystalline lens.
[0032] Referring to FIG. 3, the apparatus for obtaining status
information of a crystalline lens includes a light source unit 10,
a light receiving unit 20, and a calculating unit 30. The light
source unit 10 creates a reference light L.sub.1 and directs the
reference light L.sub.1 incident to a crystalline lens 4 of a
person. In order to directly measure scattered lights L.sub.2
beyond the visual field of an eyeball and efficiently measure
changes in intensity of the scattered lights L.sub.2 according to
changes in radius of curvature of the crystalline lens 4, the light
source unit 10 may direct the reference light L.sub.1 straightly
incident to the crystalline lens 4. A part of the reference light
L.sub.1 that is straightly incident to the crystalline lens 4
becomes a reflection light that reflects back along the incident
path of the reference light L.sub.1, however, the remaining part of
the reference light L.sub.2 becomes scattered lights L.sub.2.
[0033] The light source unit 10 may be disposed between the eyeball
and an object 2. For example, the light source unit 10 may be
disposed at an arbitrary location on an imaginary line connecting
the eyeball to the object 2. In this example, the light source unit
10 may become an obstacle in the visual field. The apparatus for
obtaining the status information of a crystalline lens may be
applied to applications in which it does not matter that the light
source unit 10 becomes an obstacle in the visual field.
[0034] As another example, the light source unit 10 may be spaced a
predetermined distance away from an imaginary line connecting the
eyeball to the object 2. In this example, the light source unit 10
may be disposed as far away from the imaginary connection line as
possible in order not to become an obstacle in the visual field.
However, if the light source unit 10 is spaced too far from the
imaginary connection line and accordingly it has too large angle
with the reference light L.sub.1, the intensity of scattered lights
received by the light receiving unit 20 may become weak and also
measurement sensitivity in measuring changes in thickness of the
crystalline lens may deteriorate.
[0035] In order to overcome these potential drawbacks, the light
source unit 10 may direct the reference light L.sub.1 straightly
incident to the eyeball along the imaginary line connecting the
eyeball to the object 2, so that the light source unit 10 does not
become an obstacle in the visual field of the eyeball. For example,
the light source unit 10 may include a light source 12 for
generating the reference light L.sub.1 and a light path changing
unit 14 for changing a path of the reference light L.sub.1 emitted
from the light source 12. In this example, the light source 12 may
be disposed beyond the visual field so that it does not become an
obstacle in the visual field. For example, the light source 12 may
be disposed above or below the imaginary line connecting the
eyeball to the object 2.
[0036] In this example, light generated by the separate light
source 12, instead of a peripheral light, is used as the reference
light L.sub.1. In the case of using a peripheral light as the
reference light L.sub.1, it is needed to accurately measure the
intensity, amount, and the like, of the peripheral light in order
to obtain status information of the crystalline lens 4. However, if
a light from the separate light source 12 is used as the reference
light L.sub.1, the intensity, amount, and the like, of the
reference light L.sub.1 may be arbitrarily adjusted to ensure a
sufficient intensity and amount of light for enabling the light
receiving unit 20 to measure status information of the crystalline
lens 4. In this case, in order to avoid the reference light L.sub.1
from blurring vision, an invisible light, such as ultraviolet,
infrared, and the like, may be used as the reference light
L.sub.1.
[0037] In the example of FIG. 3, the light path changing unit 14 is
disposed on the imaginary line connecting the eyeball to the object
2. The light path changing unit 14 changes the path of the
reference light L.sub.1 emitted from the light source 12 toward the
eyeball. For example, the path of the reference light L.sub.1 may
be changed approximately 90 degrees by means of the light path
changing unit 14. It will be also apparent to one skilled in the
art that the path of the reference light L.sub.1 can be changed by
another angle than 90 degrees. The reference light L.sub.1 that has
a path that is changed by means of the light path changing unit 14
may be straightly incident to the crystalline lens 4.
[0038] For example, the light path changing unit 14 may be a prism.
As illustrated in FIG. 3, the prism 14 may change the path of the
reference light L.sub.1 by 90 degrees to make the reference light
L.sub.1 straightly incident to the crystalline lens 4. In this
example, the prism 14 may have an optical characteristic that it is
shown transparent in the direction of a line of sight, in order not
to become an obstacle in the visual field. As another example, the
prism 14 may have a very small size that cannot be recognized with
the naked eye or at least that becomes no obstacle in the visual
field. For example, the prism 14 may be a dot prism pattern formed
on a transparent lens, and the like.
[0039] The apparatus for obtaining status information of a
crystalline lens may include at least one light receiving unit 20.
The light receiving unit 20 may receive scattered lights L.sub.2 of
a reference light L.sub.1 that is incident to the crystalline lens
4, convert information about the scattered lights L.sub.2 to an
electrical signal, and output the electrical signal. For example,
the light receiving unit 20 may include a photosensitive device,
such as a CMOS image sensor or a CCD, in order to receive the
scattered lights L.sub.2. The type of the photosensitive device is
not limited thereto. The photosensitive device may sense lights
corresponding to the wavelength of the reference light L.sub.1.
[0040] The light receiving unit 20 may have an entrance with a
predetermined width. As illustrated in FIG. 2A, in the case where
the distance between an eyeball and an object is relatively short
so that the radius of curvature of the crystalline lens is small, a
scattering range of scattered lights L.sub.2 is wide. Accordingly,
the intensity of the scattered lights L.sub.2 that are received by
the light receiving unit 20 is relatively weak. On the contrary, as
illustrated in FIG. 2B, if the distance between an eyeball and an
object is relatively distant so that the radius of curvature of the
crystalline lens is great, a scattering range of scattered lights
L.sub.2 is narrow. Accordingly, the intensity of the scattered
lights L.sub.2 that are received by the light receiving unit 20 is
relatively strong. In order to efficiently receive the scattered
lights L.sub.2 passing through the entrance of the light receiving
unit 20, a predetermined optical lens may be positioned between the
entrance of the light receiving unit 20 and the photosensitive
device.
[0041] The light receiving unit 20 directly receives scattered
lights L.sub.2 that are scattered against the crystalline lens 4,
for example, against the surface of the cornea surrounding the
crystalline lens 4. In this example, there is no subsidiary optical
means such as a reflector for changing the path of light between
the crystalline lens 4 and the light receiving unit 20. Therefore,
loss of the scattered lights L.sub.2 due to reflection, and the
like, can be prevented, which improves the measurement accuracy of
the light receiving unit 20. As another example, in consideration
of polarization degrees (for example, 1/4 of the wavelength of the
reference light L.sub.1) of the scattered lights L.sub.2 with
respect to the reference light L.sub.1, a polarizer (not shown) for
efficiently passing polarized ones of the scattered lights L.sub.2
through may be positioned at the entrance of the light receiving
unit 20.
[0042] The light receiving unit 20 may be disposed beyond the
visual field of the eyeball in order to not be an obstacle in the
visual field. For example, the light receiving unit 20 may be
disposed at an angle of about 15 through 60 degrees with respect to
the incident path of the reference light L.sub.1, or at an
arbitrary location in which the light receiving unit 20 is not an
obstacle in the visual field according to an application. If the
light receiving unit 20 is disposed beyond the visual field and
close to the crystalline lens 4 as much as possible, the
measurement efficiency of the scattered light L.sub.2 can be
improved.
[0043] The calculating unit 30 may obtain thickness information of
the crystalline lens 4 using information about the scattered lights
L.sub.2 received by the light receiving unit 20. The calculating
unit 30 may be electrically connected to the light receiving unit
20 and may obtain thickness information of the crystalline lens 4
using information (for example, intensity) about the scattered
lights L.sub.2 output from the light receiving unit 20. This
distinction between the calculating unit 30 and the light receiving
unit 20 is only functional distinction. For example, the
calculating unit 30 and the light receiving unit 20 may be
implemented as two physically separated units or may be integrated
into a single unit.
[0044] For example, the calculating unit 30 may be means for
calculating a change in thickness of the crystalline lens 4 or a
relative thickness of the crystalline lens 4, instead of being a
means for calculating an absolute thickness of the crystalline lens
4. For example, the calculating unit 30 may compare the intensity
of the scattered lights L.sub.2 measured by the light receiving
unit 20 to a predetermined reference value or a previously measured
value, in order to calculate a change in thickness of the
crystalline lens 4. As another example, the calculating unit 30 may
determine only whether the measured intensity of the scattered
lights L.sub.2 is above or below a predetermined reference
value.
[0045] Because the thicknesses, radiuses of curvature, surface
roughness, and the like, of crystalline lenses have deviations, a
reference value that is used in calculating a change in thickness
of a crystalline lens may be set differently for each user. For
example, the light receiving unit 20 may measure the intensity of
scattered lights L.sub.2 from a reference light L.sub.1 generated
by the light source unit 10 and incident to the crystalline lens of
a specific user who views an object placed at a predetermined
distance from the crystalline lens. The predetermined distance may
be based on an application type of the apparatus for obtaining
status information of a crystalline lens, and the measured
intensity of the scattered lights L.sub.2 may be used as a
reference value. As another example, the calculating unit 30 may
estimate a change in thickness of the crystalline lens 4 using a
difference between a value previously measured by the light
receiving unit 20 and a value currently measured by the light
receiving unit 20.
[0046] In this example, the apparatus for obtaining status
information of a crystalline lens may obtain status information of
a crystalline lens by directly receiving scattered lights from a
reference light straightly incident to the crystalline lens. Also,
the apparatus for obtaining status information of a crystalline
lens may use a prism to change a path of a reference light
generated by a light source disposed at a location in which the
prism is not an obstacle in the visual field, thereby making the
reference light straightly incident to the crystalline lens.
Accordingly, it is unnecessary to provide a separate translucent
mirror for passing a reference light through to change the path of
a reflection light. Also, the light receiving unit 20 has excellent
measurement efficiency because it directly receives scattered
lights and measures the intensity of the scattered lights.
[0047] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a 3D image display system.
The 3D image display system is an example of an application
apparatus for obtaining status information of a crystalline lens,
as described herein with reference to FIG. 3. Referring to FIG. 4,
the 3D image display system includes 3D glasses 110 which a user
may wear to view 3D images that are displayed on a 3D display, and
a 3D image reproducing apparatus 120 for reproducing the 3D images
on the 3D display.
[0048] The type of the 3D glasses 110 is not limited. For example,
the 3D glasses 110 may be active shutter glasses or polarization
glasses. As another example, the 3D glasses 110 may be new type
glasses that will be developed in the future.
[0049] The 3D glasses 110 include a frame 112 and lenses 114. The
frame 112 includes a pair of frame bodies 112a (also, 112a for
each) surrounding the lenses 114 (also, 114 for each), and frame
legs 112b (also, 112b for each) that respectively extend from the
frame bodies 112a and are to be placed on a user's ears. The frame
112 of the 3D glasses 110 may further include additional means (for
example, a pair of nose supporting plates attached to a connection
point of the frame bodies 112a, which are not shown in the drawing)
for assisting a user wearing the 3D glasses 110.
[0050] As another example, the 3D glasses 110 may be rimless
glasses without frame bodies. In this example, the light source 12
of the apparatus for obtaining status information of a crystalline
lens may be disposed, instead of at the frame body 112a, at the
frame leg 112b, for example, at a connection point between the
frame leg 112b and the lens 114. Other components except for the
light source 12 may be disposed at the same locations as in the 3D
glasses 110, which is described later. Hereinafter, the 3D glasses
110 having the frame bodies 112a are described.
[0051] The 3D glasses 110 include the apparatus for obtaining
status information of a crystalline lens, as described above with
reference to FIG. 3. For example, the 3D glasses 110 include the
light source unit 10, the light receiving unit 20, and the
calculating unit 30. The 3D glasses 110 may have one apparatus for
obtaining status information of a crystalline lens, or multiple
apparatuses of obtaining status information of a crystalline lens
at the left and right sides.
[0052] The light source unit 10 includes a light source 12 for
generating a reference light, and a light path changing unit 14 for
changing the path of the reference light emitted from the light
source 12 toward crystalline lens. The light source 12 may be
disposed at a predetermined location on the frame body 112a. For
example, the light source 12 may be disposed between the lenses 114
or at a connection point between the lens 114 and the frame leg 12b
in order not to become an obstacle in the visual field. As another
example, the light source 12 may be disposed at a frame leg part
connected to the frame body 112a. Also, the light path changing
unit 14 may be formed at the center portion of the lens 14, as a
dot for creating a micro-sized prism that cannot be recognized with
a naked eye or that becomes a very little obstacle in the visual
field. The light path changing unit 14 formed in the center portion
of the lens 114 may reflect a reference light emitted from the
light source 12 at a predetermined angle to make the reference
light straightly incident to the crystalline lens of a user who
wears the 3D glasses 110.
[0053] The light receiving unit 20 which receives scattered lights
may be disposed at a predetermined location on the frame leg 112b.
For example, the light receiving unit 20 may be disposed at a frame
leg portion that is closest to the eyeball of the user who is
wearing the 3D glasses. In this example, the light receiving unit
20 may be disposed slightly in front of the eyeball in order to
efficiently receive the scattered lights. The calculating unit 30
may be integrated with the light receiving unit 20 or disposed
adjacent to the light receiving unit 20. As described above, the
calculating unit 30 may obtain thickness information of a
crystalline lens using the intensity of scattered lights or obtain
changes in intensity of the scattered lights, which is measured by
the light receiving unit 20.
[0054] The 3D glasses 110 further include a transmission unit 116.
The transmission unit 116 is used to transmit thickness information
of a crystalline lens obtained by the calculating unit 30 to an
external electronic device. For example, the transmission unit 116
may transmit thickness information of a crystalline lens to a 3D
image reproducing apparatus 120 of a 3D image display system. For
example, the transmission unit 116 may be a transmitter, such as
BLUETOOTH.RTM. or Zigbee, based on a Near Field Communication (NFC)
standard.
[0055] The thickness information that is transmitted by the
transmission unit 116 may relate to the radius of curvature of the
crystalline lens. For example, the thickness information may
indicate that the radius of curvature of the crystalline lens is
above or below a predetermined reference value. As another example,
the thickness information may include a degree at which the radius
of curvature (or the thickness) of the crystalline lens increases
or decreases, or information about an amount of deviation from a
reference value.
[0056] As described above, the 3D image display system includes the
3D image reproducing apparatus 120 for reproducing 3D images on a
3D display. The 3D image reproducing apparatus 120 may reproduce 3D
images on the 3D display by decrypting encrypted 3D video content.
Operation of decrypting encrypted 3D video content may be performed
by an image processor 126 of the 3D image reproducing apparatus
120. For example, the 3D image reproducing apparatus 120 may be
installed in a television, a computer monitor, a display of a
mobile terminal, or in an external electronic apparatus
electrically connected to the electronic appliance so that 3D
images can be reproduced on the electronic appliance.
[0057] For example, the 3D image reproducing apparatus 120 may
receive thickness information of a crystalline lens from the 3D
glasses 110 and change the format of 3D images that are to be
reproduced on a display adaptively based on the thickness
information. For example, if the thickness of the crystalline lens
exceeds a predetermined reference value, the 3D image reproducing
apparatus 120 may reproduce 3D images based on binocular disparity.
As another example, if the thickness of the crystalline lens is
less than the predetermined reference value, the 3D image
reproducing apparatus 120 may reproduce 2D images based on
brightness or depth perception, or reproduce new 3D images that can
be represented with a small amount of data compared to existing 3D
images.
[0058] The images may be reproduced based on the assumption that
when an object is relatively far away from a crystalline lens,
binocular disparity is small and also a human being's vision is not
easy to recognize a cubic effect. In the case in which an object is
far away from a crystalline lens, a viewer may little recognize
deterioration of cubic effect although 2D images are reproduced.
Meanwhile, if the distance between an object and a crystalline lens
is longer than a predetermined distance (for example, 3 m), the 3D
image reproducing apparatus 120 reproduces 2D images or new 3D
images that can be represented with a relatively small amount of
data, on the 3D display, resulting in reduction of an amount of
data processing and improvement of processing speed.
[0059] For this operation, the 3D image reproducing apparatus 120
includes a receiving unit 122 and a control unit 124. The receiving
unit 122 may be used to receive thickness information transmitted
from the transmission unit 116 of the 3D glasses 110. A
communication method of the receiving unit 122 corresponds to a
communication method of the transmission unit 116, and the
configuration of the receiving unit 122 is not limited. The control
unit 124 may control the format of 3D images that are reproduced on
the display, based on the thickness information. For example, the
controller 124 may control the image processing unit 126 of the 3D
image reproducing apparatus 120 to decrypt encrypted 3D video
content and restore 3D or 2D images based on binocular disparity,
thereby adaptively changing the format of images that are restored
by the 3D image reproducing apparatus 120 and transferred to the
display.
[0060] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a 3D image acquisition
apparatus.
[0061] The 3D image acquisition apparatus is another example of an
application apparatus that uses status information of a crystalline
lens, as described above with reference to FIG. 3.
[0062] Referring to FIG. 5, the 3D image acquisition apparatus
includes a pair of cameras (that is, a left camera 202 and a right
camera 204), an apparatus 206 for obtaining status information of a
crystalline lens, and an image processor 210.
[0063] The configuration of the cameras 202 and 204, which are
image acquisition devices for photographing 3D images, is not
limited thereto. In this example, the left camera 202 is spaced a
predetermined distance from the right camera 204. The distance
between the left and right cameras 202 and 204 may be fixed or may
not be fixed. The distance between the left and right cameras 202
and 204 may correspond to the distance between a human being's
eyes. The left camera 202 photographs a left image of a 3D image
and the right camera 204 photographs a right image of the 3D image.
One or both of the left and right cameras 202 and 204 may include
the apparatus 206 for obtaining status information of a crystalline
lens. The apparatus 206 for obtaining status information of a
crystalline lens may have the configuration illustrated in FIG. 3.
Accordingly, the apparatus 206 for obtaining status information of
a crystalline lens includes the light source unit 10, the light
receiving unit 20, and the calculating unit 30.
[0064] Referring again to FIG. 3, the light source unit 10 includes
the light source 12 for generating a reference light, and the light
path changing unit 14 for changing the path of the reference light
emitted from the light source 12 toward crystalline lens. For
example, the light source 12 may be installed at or around an
eyepiece frame into which an eyepiece of the left and/or right
camera 202 and/or 204 is inserted. The light path changing unit 14
is formed at the center of the eyepiece, as a dot for creating a
micro-sized prism that cannot be recognized with a naked eye or
that is a little obstacle in the visual field. The light path
changing unit 14 formed at the center of the eyepiece reflects a
reference light emitted from the light source 12 at a predetermined
angle, to make the reference light straight incident to the
crystalline lens of a user who photographs 3D images through a 3D
image acquisition apparatus. In addition, the light receiving unit
20 for receiving scattered lights may be disposed at or around the
eyepiece frame. Also, the calculating unit 30 may be integrated
with the light receiving unit 20 or disposed adjacent to the light
receiving unit 20.
[0065] The image processor 210 may encode one or both of left and
right images acquired by the left and right cameras 202 and 204
based on thickness information that is received from the apparatus
206 for acquiring status information of a crystalline lens. For
example, if the thickness of the crystalline lens exceeds a
predetermined reference value, the image processor 210 may encode
both the left and right images, and if the thickness of the
crystalline lens is below the predetermined reference value, the
image processor 210 may encode one of the left and right
images.
[0066] The operation of the image processor 210 may be controlled
by the control unit 208. Like the 3D image display system
illustrated in FIG. 4, the current example is also based on the
assumption that when an object is relatively far away from a
crystalline lens, binocular disparity is small and also a human
being' vision is not easy to recognize a cubic effect. Accordingly,
if the distance from a crystalline lens to an object is longer than
a predetermined distance (for example, 3 meters), the image
processor 210 encodes only one of the left and right images,
thereby reducing the amount of data processing and increasing
processing speed. For example, image data processed by the image
processor 210 may be stored in a memory 212.
[0067] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a 3D imaging method. For
example, the method may be used to obtain information of a
crystalline lens of an eyeball of a person.
[0068] Referring to FIG. 6, in 601, light is directed towards the
crystalline lens of the eyeball. For example, the directing may be
performed by a source that is not in the field of view of the
person. As merely one example, the source may be included in a pair
of three-dimensional (3D) glasses.
[0069] In 602, light scattered against the crystalline lens of the
eyeball is received. For example, light may be directed in 601 to
be perpendicularly incident on the crystalline lens of the eyeball.
As a result, the light may reflect in a scattered pattern and may
be received by an imaging element in 602.
[0070] In 603, thickness information of the crystalline lens is
calculated based on the received scattered lights.
[0071] The Examples described herein with respect to FIGS. 1-5 are
also applicable to the method of FIG. 6, however, additional
description thereof is omitted here for conciseness.
[0072] A number of examples have been described above.
Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may
be made. For example, suitable results may be achieved if the
described techniques are performed in a different order and/or if
components in a described system, architecture, device, or circuit
are combined in a different manner and/or replaced or supplemented
by other components or their equivalents. Accordingly, other
implementations are within the scope of the following claims.
* * * * *