U.S. patent application number 14/692983 was filed with the patent office on 2015-10-22 for system and method for providing eating assistance to those with physical limitations.
The applicant listed for this patent is THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. Invention is credited to Kristin Spera, Ryan Thompson, Allison Tse.
Application Number | 20150297007 14/692983 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 54320888 |
Filed Date | 2015-10-22 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150297007 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Spera; Kristin ; et
al. |
October 22, 2015 |
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING EATING ASSISTANCE TO THOSE WITH
PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS
Abstract
The present invention is directed to a system and method for
method to facilitate self-feeding for those with physical
limitations that can easily loaded with food and is usable
anywhere. The system includes a specially designed utensil called a
ploon, which is a hybrid of a spoon and a plate. The ploon is
coupled to an actuation device for loading the ploon with food and
for lifting the ploon to the person's mouth. A switch-based
interface allows the user to control the movement of the ploon, the
ploon loader, and the ploon lifter, and the switch-based interface
is facilitated with a microcontroller. The system can be mounted to
a wheelchair of the user or is easily packable, such that the
system is with the user and ready to go, whenever the user may need
it.
Inventors: |
Spera; Kristin; (Baltimore,
MD) ; Tse; Allison; (Baltimore, MD) ;
Thompson; Ryan; (Needham, MA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY |
Baltimore |
MD |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
54320888 |
Appl. No.: |
14/692983 |
Filed: |
April 22, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61982436 |
Apr 22, 2014 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
414/9 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47G 21/08 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A47G 21/08 20060101
A47G021/08 |
Claims
1. A device for eating comprising: a base having a first end and a
second end, wherein the base tapers from the first end to the
second end, such that the first end is wider than the second end; a
food cup defining a concave area for holding food positioned on the
base such that the food cup is positioned in proximity to the first
end of the base; a chin rest positioned in proximity to the second
end of the base, such that a user can actuate the device for eating
using a chin.
2. The device for eating of claim 1 wherein the food cup is formed
integrally with the base.
3. The device for eating of claim 1 wherein the chin rest is formed
integrally with the base.
4. A system for eating comprising: a device for eating having a
base wherein the base tapers from a first end to a second end, such
that the first end is wider than the second end, having a food cup
defining a concave area for holding food positioned on the base
such that the food cup is positioned in proximity to the first end
of the base, and having a chin rest positioned in proximity to the
second end of the base, such that a user can actuate the device for
eating using a chin; a device for loading food onto the device for
eating; a device for lifting the device for eating to a mouth of
the user; and an interface for controlling the device for loading
and the device for lifting.
5. The system for eating of claim 4 further comprising a
microprocessor for controlling the device for loading and the
device for lifting and further being coupled to the interface to
allow user input for control.
6. The system for eating of claim 4 wherein the device for loading
further comprises a plow that pushes food onto the device for
eating.
7. The system for eating of claim 4 wherein the device for lifting
further comprises one of a four-bar linkage or an energy chain to
which the device for eating is directly or indirectly coupled.
8. The system for eating of claim 4 wherein the interface further
comprises a switch-based interface.
9. The system for eating of claim 8 wherein the switch-based
interface includes a switch for changing mode, a switch for moving
forward/up, and a switch for moving backward/down.
10. The system for eating of claim 4 wherein the device for loading
food onto the device for eating is also configured to rotate a
plate of food from which the user is eating.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Patent Application No. 61/982,436 filed Apr. 22, 2014, which is
incorporated by reference herein, in its entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates generally to assistive systems
and methods. More particularly, the present invention relates to a
system and method for providing eating assistance to those with
physical limitations.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] For those with physical limitations, eating independently is
often impossible or prohibitively difficult without the assistance
of a caregiver. Requiring another person to provide or assist with
this basic life sustaining activity can be extremely frustrating to
a person with physical limitations. For instance, the person may no
longer be able to eat on his/her own schedule or at the desired
location, the person may not have control over the food consumed,
and the person may not have control over the pace of consumption.
In order to solve this problem, eating assistance devices have been
developed. However, the devices currently available still may not
allow the person to eat anywhere, anytime. Additionally, the
currently available devices utilize utensils currently available on
the market, which also create challenges in the speed and accuracy
of eating.
[0004] Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a system and
method to facilitate self-feeding for those with physical
limitations that can be easily loaded with food and is usable
anywhere.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The foregoing needs are met, to a great extent, by the
present invention which provides a device for eating including a
base having a first end and a second end, wherein the base tapers
from the first end to the second end, such that the first end is
wider than the second end. The device includes a food cup defining
a concave area for holding food positioned on the base such that
the food cup is positioned in proximity to the first end of the
base. The device also include a chin rest positioned in proximity
to the second end of the base, such that a user can actuate the
device for eating using a chin.
[0006] In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, the
food cup is formed integrally with the base. The chin rest is also
formed integrally with the base.
[0007] In accordance with yet another aspect of the present
invention, a system for eating includes a device for eating having
a base wherein the base tapers from a first end to a second end,
such that the first end is wider than the second end, having a food
cup defining a concave area for holding food positioned on the base
such that the food cup is positioned in proximity to the first end
of the base, and having a chin rest positioned in proximity to the
second end of the base, such that a user can actuate the device for
eating using a chin. The system includes a device for loading food
onto the device for eating and a device for lifting the device for
eating to a mouth of the user. The system also includes an
interface for controlling the device for loading and the device for
lifting.
[0008] In accordance with still another aspect of the present
invention, the system includes a microprocessor for controlling the
device for loading and the device for lifting and further being
coupled to the interface to allow user input for control. The
device for loading further comprises a plow that pushes food onto
the device for eating. The device for lifting further includes a
four-bar linkage or other means of lifting the device for eating to
which the device for eating is coupled. The interface takes the
form of a switch-based interface, and the switch-based interface
includes a switch for changing mode, a switch for moving
forward/up, and a switch for moving backward/down. The device for
loading food onto the device for eating is also configured to
rotate a plate of food from which the user is eating.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] The accompanying drawings provide visual representations,
which will be used to more fully describe the representative
embodiments disclosed herein and can be used by those skilled in
the art to better understand them and their inherent advantages. In
these drawings, like reference numerals identify corresponding
elements and:
[0010] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a system for
facilitating self-feeding, according to an embodiment of the
present invention.
[0011] FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a ploon according
to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0012] FIGS. 3A-3C illustrate side views of a ploon in use,
according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0013] FIG. 4 illustrates a partially sectional view of a ploon
loader according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0014] FIG. 5 illustrates a side view of a ploon lifter according
to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0015] FIG. 6 illustrates a side, partially sectional view of an
eating assistance system according to an embodiment of the present
invention, FIG. 7 illustrates a perspective view of the eating
assistance system according to an embodiment of the present
invention, and FIG. 8 illustrate an alternate perspective view of
the eating assistance system according to an embodiment of the
present invention.
[0016] FIGS. 9A-9D illustrate perspective view of the system for
eating assistance in use to load food and lift it to the user's
mouth, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0017] FIGS. 10A-10D illustrate perspective views of the ploon and
ploon mounting assembly, according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The presently disclosed subject matter now will be described
more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying Drawings,
in which some, but not all embodiments of the inventions are shown.
Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. The presently
disclosed subject matter may be embodied in many different forms
and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth
herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this
disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Indeed, many
modifications and other embodiments of the presently disclosed
subject matter set forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in
the art to which the presently disclosed subject matter pertains
having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing
descriptions and the associated Drawings. Therefore, it is to be
understood that the presently disclosed subject matter is not to be
limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that
modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included
within the scope of the appended claims.
[0019] The present invention is directed to a system and method to
facilitate self-feeding for those with physical limitations that
can easily be loaded with food and is usable anywhere. The system
includes a specially designed utensil called a ploon, which is a
hybrid of a spoon and a plate. The ploon is coupled to an actuation
device for loading the ploon with food and for lifting the ploon to
the person's mouth. A switch-based interface allows the user to
control the movement of the ploon, the ploon loader, and the ploon
lifter, and the switch-based interface is facilitated with a
microcontroller. The system can be mounted to a wheelchair of the
user, such that the system is with the user and ready to go,
whenever the user may need it.
[0020] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a system for
facilitating self-feeding, according to an embodiment of the
present invention. The system 10 includes a ploon 12, a ploon
loader 14, and a ploon lifter 16 that work in conjunction to
facilitate self-feeding. The ploon 12, ploon loader 14, and ploon
lifter 16, are controlled using a switch-based interface 18. The
switch-based interface 18 includes "mode", "forward/up", and
"backward/down" switches. The switch-based interface 18, the ploon
loader 14, and the ploon lifter 16 are all powered by a battery
pack 20. The battery pack 20 allows the system 10 to be portable
and functional in a number of different situations.
[0021] Further with respect to FIG. 1, the "mode" button allows the
user to switch between lifting and loading the ploon, and rotating
a plate of food. The plate of food is rotated in order to orient
the ploon 12 to an area of the plate from which food is to be
obtained. Once the plate is oriented to the ploon 12 as desired,
the ploon loader 14 is engaged using the "mode" button. The ploon
loader 14 is used to push food from the plate to the ploon 12, as
will be discussed further herein. The "mode" button is also used to
engage the ploon lifter 16. The ploon lifter 16 lifts the ploon 12
from plate level to the level of the patient's mouth. The forward
and backward buttons of the switch-based interface, are used to
move the ploon 12 close enough to the mouth of the user for eating.
The structure and use of the ploon 12 for dispensing food into the
mouth of the user is also described in further detail below.
[0022] FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a ploon according
to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 illustrates a
ploon 100 having a food receiving portion 102, and a chin rest
portion 104. The ploon 100 combines the functionality of a plate
and a spoon. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the ploon 100 has an organic
shape, which when combined with the bending properties of the
extension spring, illustrated in FIGS. 3A-3C, coupled to its base,
allows a portion of food to be guided into the user's mouth just by
the use of the user's chin. The ploon 100 can be approximately 5
inches in length, and is preferably formed from a non-flexible
rubber or plastic material. However, any other suitable dimensions
and materials known to one of skill in the art could also be used.
The food receiving portion 102 of the ploon 100 is raised slightly
above a base 106 of the ploon 100 forming a sort of cup for the
food. The raised design helps to hold the food in place on the way
to the user's mouth. The chin portion 104 can be configured to
provide comfort and control to the user during use. The ploon 100
tapers from an end with the food receiving portion 102 to an end
with the chin rest portion. This allows the user more control in
dispensing the food into his or her mouth. The design of the ploon
100 also allows the ploon to be lifted from the plate to the user's
mouth without reorienting the ploon 100, thus simplifying the
mechanics of the system and the number of directive steps needed
from the user.
[0023] FIGS. 3A-3C illustrate side views of a ploon in use,
according to an embodiment of the present invention. More
particularly, FIGS. 3A-3C, illustrates a ploon 50 sitting atop
extension spring 52. The extension spring 52 allows the ploon 50 to
pivot in order to dispense food 54 into a mouth 56 of the user 58.
While an extension spring 52, is shown herein, any other suitable
means of pivoting the ploon 50 could be used, such as a ball and
socket, compliant material, hinge, fulcrum pivot, or any other
suitable means known to or conceivable by one of skill in the art.
In use, as illustrated in FIG. 3A, the ploon 50 is lifted to a
level close to a chin 60 of the user, and is in a neutral position.
The chin 60 of the user is used to actuate the ploon 50 to tilt it
on the extension spring 52. The force provided by the chin 60 bends
the extension spring 52, as illustrated in FIG. 2B, and brings the
ploon to a tilted position and the food 54 to the mouth 56 of the
user 58. When the chin 60 of the user 58 stops applying force to
the ploon 50 and the extension spring 52 the ploon 50 is returned
to the neutral position because the extension spring 52 returns to
its neutral position.
[0024] As noted with respect to FIG. 1 the ploon loader and ploon
lifter are two mechanisms that work together to deliver the ploon
loaded with food to the mouth of the user, as will now be
described. The ploon loader and ploon lifter are controlled with a
simple, switch-based user interface. Three ultra-sensitive,
light-touch switches "Mode", "Forward/Up", "Backward/Down" are
strapped to the user's leg or another convenient place for use by
the user, depending on the physical limitations of the user. The
switches send commands to a microprocessor housed in the ploon
loader, which provides control for the device. The user touches the
"Mode" switch one to three times to select one of the three modes
available, ploon loading, ploon rotating, and ploon lifting.
[0025] FIG. 4 illustrates a partially sectional view of a ploon
loader according to an embodiment of the present invention. The
ploon loader 150 is activated by two of the three modes allowed by
the "Mode" button. The ploon loader 150 can be fixed to a tray
mounted on the adjustable height left arm rest of the user's wheel
chair. It should however be noted that other configurations
necessary based on the user's particular needs and chair are
contemplated and should be considered incorporated herein. The
"Mode" switch is tapped once to select plate rotation mode. In the
plate rotating mode, a plate 152 is rotated. The "forward/up" and
"backward/down" switches of the switch-based interface rotate the
plate clockwise and counterclockwise respectively. The plate 152 is
rotated relative to a pusher actuator 154 with distal plow 155,
which is used to push the desired food off of the plate 152 and
onto the ploon. A DC motor 156, stepper motor, servo, or any other
suitable rotation device can be used to rotate the plate
accordingly. Instructions are sent from the switch-based interface
to the DC motor 156 in order to actuate the rotation of the plate
152. Therefore, the DC motor 156 and the switch-based interface are
in communication. In order to load the desired food onto the ploon,
another tap of the "Mode" switch activates a ploon loading mode.
The ploon loading mode uses the pusher actuator 154 and the plow
155 to push food from the plate 152 to the ploon. The alignment
actuator 158 pushes the system with respect to the tray/table such
that the plate is positioned correctly with respect to the ploon,
for accurate transferring of food from the plate to the ploon (i.e.
it closes the gap between the system/plate and the ploon, so that
food pushed by the plow lands on the ploon and not on the floor. In
the ploon loading mode, the "forward/up" button controls the pusher
actuator 154 to push food to the edge of the plate and onto the
ploon. The "backward/down button retracts the pusher actuator 154
to the original position. The microprocessor 160 described above,
can be housed in the ploon loader portion 150 of the system as
illustrated in FIG. 4. However, the microprocessor could also be
positioned in any other part of the system that would be suitable
to one of skill in the art.
[0026] FIG. 5 illustrates a side view of a ploon lifter 200
according to an embodiment of the present invention. The ploon
lifter 200 lifts the ploon 202 loaded with food up to the user's
mouth and lowers the ploon 202 back down to the plate for
reloading. The ploon lifter 200 is height adjustable, removable,
and mounted to a right arm 204 of the user's wheel chair 206. The
ploon 202 is situated at an end of a four-bar linkage 208, in order
to keep the ploon 202 level throughout the ploon lifter's 200
movement and prevents the food from falling out of or spilling from
the ploon 202. The end of the four-bar linkage 208 not coupled to
the ploon 202 is rotatable about a pivot point 210 by a linear
actuator 212. When the user is ready to load food onto the ploon
202, the "mode" switch of the switch-based interface 214 is
touched, setting the system to the ploon lifting state. In this
state, the ploon lifter 200 can be controlled to adjust the
position of the ploon 202. The "forward/up" switch raises the ploon
lifter 200 such that the ploon 202 is lifted closer to the user's
mouth. Touching the "backward/down" button lowers the ploon lifter
200 until it reaches its lowest point, which is the ploon loading
position. In this configuration, the user activates the "mode"
switch again, setting the system for ploon loading, described
above. While the ploon lifter 200 is described herein as raising
and lowering the ploon 202 from the user's mouth to the plate using
rotation, the ploon lifter 200 can also achieve this movement
through linear lifting and lowering, or any other suitable means of
raising or lowering the ploon 202, known to or conceivable by one
of skill in the art. As illustrated in FIG. 5, a battery and
battery charger 216 can also be mounted to the right arm 204 of the
chair 206.
[0027] FIG. 6 illustrates a side, partially sectional view of an
eating assistance system according to an embodiment of the present
invention, FIG. 7 illustrates a perspective view of the eating
assistance system according to an embodiment of the present
invention, and FIG. 8 illustrate an alternate perspective view of
the eating assistance system according to an embodiment of the
present invention. The system 300 according to the embodiment
illustrated in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8 takes the form of a tabletop
design with integrated ploon loader 302, ploon lifter 304, and base
306. The design of the system 300 in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8 is compact
to enable the device to be portable. The ploon loader 302 includes
a linear actuator 308 to extend and retract plow 310. The ploon
lifter 304 includes an energy chain 312, a ploon angle control 314
for adjusting the angle of ploon 316 disposed on spring 318, and a
device 320 for extending the energy chain 312. The energy chain 312
can be at least partially disposed within the base 306, and the
device 320 for extending the energy chain 312 is also at least
partially disposed within the base. While an energy chain is
disclosed herein, this example is not meant to be considered
limiting any suitable extension means could be used, for example a
shape memory metal with geometry memory or a linear actuator with
telescoping motion. The device 320 for extending the energy chain
312 can include driver rollers 322 and a roller driver servo motor
324. The driver rollers 322 can be actuated with a user controller
(not pictured), which can include buttons, a touch screen, or any
other suitable means for operating the system. A plate of food 326
can be positioned on a rotating platform 328 of the base 306. A
pulley 330 for rotation of the rotating platform 328 and in turn
the plate 326 can be positioned just under the platform, in order
to align the desired food on the plate with the plow 310 and the
ploon 316.
[0028] FIGS. 9A-9D illustrate perspective view of the system for
eating assistance in use to load food and lift it to the user's
mouth, according to an embodiment of the present invention. More
particularly, FIG. 9A illustrates rotation of the plate to align
food with the plow and the ploon. FIG. 9B illustrates the plow
being extended distally to push food into a cup of the ploon. FIG.
9C illustrates orientation of the ploon from a ploon-loading
position to a position suitable for eating. FIG. 9D illustrates the
ploon being lifted to a position close enough to the user for
eating. The steps illustrated in FIGS. 9A-9D can be repeated as
many times as desired by the user. The user has controls for
changing the mode of the device (i.e. from ploon loading to ploon
lifting) and controls for affecting movement of the ploon, plow,
and plate. The controls can take any suitable form known to or
conceivable by one of skill in the art.
[0029] FIGS. 10A-10D illustrate perspective views of the ploon and
ploon mounting assembly, according to an embodiment of the present
invention. The ploon, as illustrated in FIGS. 10A-10D includes a
food receiving portion, and a chin rest portion. The ploon mounting
assembly is illustrated as including a spring. However, any
suitable, flexible mounting assembly could also be used, so long as
it deflects from and returns to its original position. The ploon
can be approximately 5 inches in length, and is preferably formed
from a non-flexible rubber or plastic material. However, any other
suitable dimensions and materials known to one of skill in the art
could also be used. The food receiving portion of the ploon is
raised slightly above a base of the ploon forming a sort of cup for
the food. The raised design helps to hold the food in place on the
way to the user's mouth. As illustrated in FIGS. 10A-10D a back
edge of the ploon is slightly tapered in order to facilitating
pushing of food from the plate to the food receiving portion, using
the plow. The chin portion can be configured to provide comfort and
control to the user during use. The ploon tapers from an end with
the food receiving portion to an end with the chin rest portion.
This allows the user more control in dispensing the food into his
or her mouth. The ploon is configured such that it can be loaded in
many different ways, such as pushing food into it, as described
above, scooping, or any other suitable means of moving the food
from the plate to the ploon.
[0030] It should be noted that herein the actuation of the
components of the system described above can be carried out using a
microprocessor or a computer loaded with a non-transitory computer
readable medium, independent of or incorporated with the system.
Indeed, any suitable method of control known to or conceivable by
one of skill in the art could be used. A non-transitory computer
readable medium is understood to mean any article of manufacture
that can be read by a computer. Such non-transitory computer
readable media includes, but is not limited to, magnetic media,
such as a floppy disk, flexible disk, hard disk, reel-to-reel tape,
cartridge tape, cassette tape or cards, optical media such as
CD-ROM, writable compact disc, magneto-optical media in disc, tape
or card form, and paper media, such as punched cards and paper
tape.
[0031] The invention is discussed in the present application with
respect to those with physical limitations. Such physical
limitations include but are not limited to partial or complete
paralysis, limited or no motor control of the arms, or other
difficulties in self-feeding. Groups with applicable physical
limitations include amputees, quadriplegics, the elderly, and
people with congenital disorders. Voice activated commands, visual
tracking, or head sensors could also be adapted to implement this
invention for those with varying physical limitations.
[0032] The many features and advantages of the invention are
apparent from the detailed specification, and thus, it is intended
by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of
the invention which fall within the true spirit and scope of the
invention. Further, since numerous modifications and variations
will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired
to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation
illustrated and described, and accordingly, all suitable
modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within
the scope of the invention.
* * * * *