U.S. patent application number 14/244819 was filed with the patent office on 2015-10-08 for explosive pile device for increasing pile capacity.
The applicant listed for this patent is David Y. Du, Zeping Wang. Invention is credited to David Y. Du, Zeping Wang.
Application Number | 20150284926 14/244819 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 54209269 |
Filed Date | 2015-10-08 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150284926 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Du; David Y. ; et
al. |
October 8, 2015 |
EXPLOSIVE PILE DEVICE FOR INCREASING PILE CAPACITY
Abstract
The invention is related to a device having an explosive device
wherein said device is located at a tip or attached along a length
of a pile, and the method using thereof. The device comprises at
least one main pipe connection and a bearing pipe, both of which
have same diameters as to the pile, whereas the explosive device is
installed within the bearing pipe. After a controlled detonation of
the explosive device, the bearing pipe expands both in diameter and
volume, which has cross-sections of ellipse-like or lantern-like
shapes.
Inventors: |
Du; David Y.; (Houston,
TX) ; Wang; Zeping; (Katy, TX) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Du; David Y.
Wang; Zeping |
Houston
Katy |
TX
TX |
US
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
54209269 |
Appl. No.: |
14/244819 |
Filed: |
April 3, 2014 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
405/232 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F42B 99/00 20130101;
E02D 5/54 20130101 |
International
Class: |
E02D 5/54 20060101
E02D005/54; F42B 99/00 20060101 F42B099/00; E02D 7/00 20060101
E02D007/00; E02D 5/24 20060101 E02D005/24 |
Claims
1. A device having an explosive device installed at a tip or along
a length of a pile, comprising: at least one main pipe connection
and a bearing pipe, wherein the connection is connected to the
bearing pipe respectively; the explosive device is located in the
bearing pipe; and after an explosion of the explosive device, the
pile maintains its integrity and no break to the device and the
pile.
2. (canceled)
3. The device of claim 1, further comprises laminated structures
mounted to both ends of the bearing pipe, wherein each of said
structures comprises at least two layers and at least two layering
materials, of which one layering material has low sound impedance
relative to other layering materials.
4. The device of claim 1, further comprising fiber reinforced
composite structures fixed to both ends of the bearing pipe.
5. The device of claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of
reinforcing rings on the bearing pipe.
6. (canceled)
7. (canceled)
9. (canceled)
10. The device of claim 1, wherein the shape of the bearing pipe
after blasting is of elliptic- or lantern-shape.
11. A device having an explosive device installed at a tip or along
a length of a pile, comprising: a main pipe connection, a bearing
pipe and an end cone section; wherein the connection is connected
to one end of the bearing pipe, the send cone section is connected
to the other end of the bearing pipe; and, the explosive device is
located in the bearing pipe; and, after blasting, the bearing
pipe's shape is controllable, the bearing pipe's integrity is
maintained and no break is made to the device and the pile.
12. (canceled)
13. The device of claim 11, further comprising: laminated
structures mounted to both ends of the bearing pipe, and each of
the laminated structures comprises at least two layers and at least
two layering materials, wherein one layering material has low sound
impedance relative to other layering materials.
14. The device of claim 11, further comprising fiber reinforced
composite structures fixed to both ends of the bearing pipe.
15. The device of claim 11, further comprising: a plurality of
reinforcing rings on the bearing pipe.
16. (canceled)
17. The device of claim 11, wherein the explosive device holds
explosive from any of the following: TNT, RDX, HMX, COMPOSITE B,
Solid Propellants and Liquid Propellants.
18. (canceled)
19. The device of claim 11, wherein the shape of the bearing pipe
after blasting is of elliptic- or lantern-shape.
20. A method of using a device having an explosive device installed
at a tip or along a length of a pile, wherein said device comprises
at least one main pipe connection and a bearing pipe, comprising:
a, attaching the device at the tip or along the length of the pile;
b, controlling the weight and shape of explosive in the explosive
device; c, detonating the explosive device underground; and, d,
maintaining the integrity of the bearing pipe and no break to the
device and the pile.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] Not applicable.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
[0002] Not Applicable.
THE NAMES OF THE PARTIES TO A JOIN RESEARCH AGREEMENT
[0003] Not Applicable.
REFERENCE TO A SEQUENCE LISTING
[0004] Not Applicable.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0005] Piles as deep foundation are widely used to transfer loads
from top structure to soil. In general, larger and longer piles may
take more loads such as bearing, uplifting and lateral, while going
deeper into the soil may achieve better results of loading.
[0006] However, due to space, structural and cost restrictions,
increasing pile dimension, length and numbers are not always
possible.
[0007] Therefore, there is a need for increasing the pile capacity
to meet engineering standards, without increasing pile size and/or
its length. In addition, there is a need in increasing the pile
capacity with minimum overall costs that includes installation.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The current invention relates to an device having an
explosive device. Said device is installed at a tip or attached
along a length of a pile and the method using thereof.
[0009] One object of the present invention is to installing the
device on the tip of a conventional pile. Alternatively, the
present invention may be attached or inserted into middle part of
the conventional pile. Thus the fabrication and installation of the
pile provided with the device are basically the same as the
conventional ones except the installation of the present
invention.
[0010] Yet another object of the present invention is to use
explosives to form at least one ellipse-like or lantern-like shapes
of balloons 10, which can squeeze surrounding soil and greatly
increase the bearing, uplifting, lateral and overturning bending of
the pile.
[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the device
consists of a main pipe connection 3, a bearing pipe 10 and an end
cone section 20 along with an explosive device.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] FIG. 1, a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the
present invention before blasting.
[0013] FIG. 2, a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the
present invention after blasting.
[0014] FIG. 3, views of a part of FIG. 1 showing structure of an
explosive device.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0015] The present invention is related to a device having an
explosive device installed at a tip or attached along a length of a
pile, and a method of using thereof. As shown in FIG. 1, the device
installed at a tip of the pile consists of a main pipe connection 3
with a first diameter 1 and a first wall thickness 2; a hearing
pipe 10 with a second diameter 18 and a second wall thickness 12;
and an end cone section 20 having an angle 19 and a length 21.
[0016] Alternatively, the device may be inserted into middle part
of the pile. For example, the device consists of the bearing pipe
and two of the main pipe connections. Each main pipe connection has
one of its ends connected to one end of the bearing pipe along its
length, respectively.
[0017] Accordingly, the bearing pipe and the main pipe connection
have their diameters the same as the pile installed, attached or
inserted.
[0018] The main pipe connection 3 may be connected to the bearing
pipe 10, for example, by means of a steel pin 4. The end cone
section 20 may be connected is to the bearing pipe 10, for example
by treading onto said bearing pipe and mounted by four screws 17.
The explosive device is located inside the bearing pipe 10.
[0019] In general, the main pipe connection 3, the bearing pipe 10
and the end cone section 20 can be structural steels, stainless
steels, copper and/or copper alloys, aluminum and/or aluminum
alloys. It is required for the pile to have relative high yield
stress, ultimate strength and especially high ductility.
[0020] Accordingly, the bearing pipe further consists of:
[0021] 1) A bottom laminated structure 6-7 and a top laminated
structure 27-28, both of which are made of a set of layered
structures or a fiber reinforced composite structure and fixed to
either end of the bearing pipe, respectively.
[0022] 2) The explosive device, which is made of a main explosive
area 9, an explosive holder 13, a detonating cord 25, and a
detonating point 5.
[0023] 3) A plurality of reinforcing rings 8&15 surrounding the
second diameter of the bearing pipe, which may greatly reduce pipe
expansion after blasting.
[0024] The laminated structures 6-7, 27-28 can be composed of
two-layered and/or multi-layered structures, but must at least be
made of two different layering materials.
[0025] For the two-layered laminated structure, a first layer made
from a first layering material must have low sound impedance
relative to a second layer made of a second layering material. The
layering materials may be included but not limited to structure
steel, stainless steels, steel alloys, copper/copper alloys,
aluminum/aluminum alloys.
[0026] For a multi-layered laminated structure, one of the layering
materials must have low sound impedance relative to the other
layering materials.
[0027] The laminated structures 6-7 and 27-28 may have the same
layer number and same layer materials, but may also have different
layer numbers and layer material, depending on the individual
situation.
[0028] The layering material can be composed of metal and/or
non-metal materials.
[0029] Alternatively, the laminated structures may be replaced with
fiber reinforced composite structures 6-7, 27-28 comprising of
carbon fiber and epoxy matrix composite, or glass fiber and epoxy
matrix composite, or any other fiber reinforced composites.
[0030] The purpose of the explosive holder 13 is to hold the
explosive. By changing the explosive holder's shape, length 22, and
diameter 14, the pipe's shape formed after blasting may be
controlled, so that it can bear maximum force. Usually, after
blasting, the OD 11 of the bearing pipe 10 will be more then
doubled. The area will increase four-fold.
[0031] An explosive wave propagates along the detonating point 5
and the detonating cord 25. A plurality of holes 26 are uniformly
distributed around the explosive holder 13 as shown in FIG. 3. The
explosive holder 13 is made of metal materials. Its geometric shape
may be circle rings, elliptic rings or other.
[0032] Through the holes 26, the explosive wave can smoothly and
uniformly propagate to the main explosive area 9 filled with an
explosive. The explosive includes but not limited to the following:
TNT, RDX, HMX, and COMPOSITE B. Alternatively, the explosive may be
replaced by a variety of Solid Propellants or Liquid
Propellants.
[0033] When the explosive detonated, it creates extremely high
pressures e.g., CJ pressure of HMX can be more than 35.8 GPa. After
the explosive blasts, in general, the pin 4 which holds together
the main pipe connection 3 and the bearing pipe 10 may suffer
damage if not protected. So might be the end cross section 20.
However, by controlling the weight and shape of the explosive, it
is possible to keep the pipe's integrity, which means no break to
the device and the pile. It is also possible to select different
explosives that have lower CJ pressures to achieve same result
described hereahove.
[0034] The capability of the dispersion of the shock wave mainly
depends on the sound impedance differences between the layering
materials. A shock wave disperses very quickly when a propagates in
the laminated structures in which the layering materials have
different sound impedance or in fiber-reinforced composite
structures. In order to achieve the best dispersing results, the
direction of the shock wave may be perpendicular with respect to
the layers of the layered structures or to fiber lines of the
fiber-reinforced composite structures.
[0035] The laminated structure 6 must be mounted to the device, for
example, by welded onto the bearing pipe 10 so that the structures
will be much stronger to prevent the pin 4 from damage. The
laminated structures 27-28 may not necessary been welded onto the
bearing pipe. For example, they may be mounted onto the explosive
holder using a bolt 16.
[0036] The shock wave propagating in the laminated structures 6-7
and 27-28 will quickly attenuate. A pressure of a front shock wave
will be greatly reduced after propagating through the laminated
structures. However the laminated structure 6 welded to the bearing
pipe 10 might partially detached therefrom under intensive high
loading of the explosive. Additionally, a high-pressure explosion
gas will be released through the detonating cord 25. The pressure
left would be below yield strength of the device and the pile,
which will therefore not be broken. In this way, the integrity of
the bottom structure can still be kept, and the pin 4 may not be
damaged or broken.
[0037] The enhance rings 8 and 15 may be composed of various metals
and non-metals, such as structure steel stainless steels,
aluminum/aluminum alloys, copper/copper alloys, titanium/titanium
alloys, rubbers, plastics, fiber-reinforced composites, laminated
structures, etc.. but not limited to the above list.
[0038] Under the action of the explosive, the bearing pipe 10 will
quickly expand outward. A high pressure of an outside surface of
the bearing pipe 10 will compress a soil outside the pipe 10 and
make it even harder and stronger. In return, said pressure on the
outside surface of the pipe 10 will sustain even higher than
situations in which only the pipe 10 presses the soil.
[0039] When propagating from the bearing pipe 10 to the soil, the
shock wave will reflect from and be incident to the soil. According
to Theory of Shock Wave Physics, the reflected wave is a rare wave,
while the incident wave is a compressive wave which makes the
density of the soil increasing and thereafter strengthens the
soil.
[0040] In a conventional situation, the pile bears a friction force
F2 which is P*.quadrature. where P is a normal pressure and
.quadrature. is a friction coefficient, respectively. However,
according to the present invention, the pile bears not only the
friction force F2, but also a normal force F1 which is much larger
than the friction force as shown in FIG. 2. Accordingly, even the
friction force is greater than the one in the conventional
situation, because the normal pressure P is larger than that of the
conventional case. So the present invention has significant
advantages: If the required bearing force is the same, the present
invention can use much smaller pipe size to produce similar
results.
[0041] Yield stress of a material will significantly increase with
high strain rate >10 3/sec. To estimate the interaction of tire
explosive and the bearing pipe 10, one has to consider above
factor. A proper method of estimation is numerical simulation using
AUTODYN, a finite different code or other dynamic finite element
codes. Most metals with high strain rate are sensitive to
temperature. So when carrying out analysis, the temperature is
another factor to be considered.
[0042] It is to be understood that the use of "including",
"comprising" or "having" and variations thereof herein is meant to
encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as
well as additional items; the terms "a" and "an" herein do not
denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of
at least one of the referenced item; and, the use of terms "first",
"second", and the like, herein do not denote any order, quantity,
or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from
another.
[0043] It is to be understood that the above embodiments and
examples are provided as illustrations only, and do not in any way
restrict or define the scope of the present invention. Various
other embodiments may also be within the scope of the claims.
* * * * *