Antibodies Against Human Angiopoietin 2

Abstract

The present invention relates to antibodies against human Angiopoietin 2 (anti-ANG-2 antibodies), methods for their production, pharmaceutical compositions containing said antibodies, and uses thereof.

Description

PRIORITY TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

[0001] This application is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/760,118, filed Feb. 6, 2013, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/358,831, filed Jan. 26, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,399,626, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/635,825, filed Dec. 11, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,133,979, which claims the benefit of European Patent Application No. 08021835.7, filed Dec. 16, 2008. The entire contents of the above-identified applications are hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates to antibodies against human Angiopoietin 2 (anti-ANG-2 antibodies), methods for their production, pharmaceutical compositions containing said antibodies, and uses thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Angiogenesis is implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of disorders which include solid tumors, intraocular neovascular syndromes such as proliferative retinopathies or age-related macular degeneration (AMD), rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis (Folkman, J., et al., J. Biol. Chem. 267 (1992) 10931-10934; Klagsbrun, M., et al., Annu Rev. Physiol. 53 (1991) 217-239; and Garner, A., Vascular diseases, In: Pathobiology of ocular disease, A dynamic approach, Garner, A., and Klintworth, G. K. (eds.), 2nd edition, Marcel Dekker, New York (1994), pp 1625-1710). In the case of solid tumors, the neovascularization allows the tumor cells to acquire a growth advantage and proliferative autonomy compared to the normal cells. Accordingly, a correlation has been observed between density of microvessels in tumor sections and patient survival in breast cancer as well as in several other tumors (Weidner, N., et al., N. Engl. J. Med. 324 (1991) 1-8; Horak, E. R., et al., Lancet 340 (1992) 1120-1124; and Macchiarini, P., et al., Lancet 340 (1992) 145-146).

ANG-2 and Anti-ANG-2 Antibodies

[0004] Human angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) (alternatively abbreviated with ANGPT2 or ANG2) (SEQ ID No: 107) is described in Maisonpierre, P. C., et al., Science 277 (1997) 55-60 and Cheung, A. H., et al, Genomics 48 (1998) 389-91. The angiopoietins-1 and -2 (ANG-1(SEQ ID No: 108) and ANG-2 (SEQ ID No: 107) were discovered as ligands for the Ties, a family of tyrosine kinases that is selectively expressed within the vascular endothelium. Yancopoulos, G. D., et al., Nature 407 (2000) 242-48. There are now four definitive members of the angiopoietin family.

[0005] Angiopoietin-3 and -4 (Ang-3 and Ang-4) may represent widely diverged counterparts of the same gene locus in mouse and man. Kim, I., et al., FEBS Let, 443 (1999) 353-56; Kim, I., et al., J Biol Chem 274 (1999), 26523-28. ANG-1 and ANG-2 were originally identified in tissue culture experiments as agonist and antagonist, respectively (see for ANG-1: Davies, S., et al., Cell, 87 (1996) 1161-1169; and for ANG-2: Maisonpierre, P. C., et al., Science 277 (1997) 55-60). All of the known angiopoietins bind primarily to Tie2, and both Ang-1 and -2 bind to Tie2 with an affinity of 3 nM (Kd). Maisonpierre, P. C., et al., Science 277 (1997) 55-60. Ang-1 was shown to support EC survival and to promote endothelium integrity, Davis, S., et al., Cell, 87 (1996) 1161-1169; Kwak, H. J., et al., FEBS Lett 448 (1999) 249-53; Suri, C., et al., Science 282 (1998) 468-71; Thurston, G., et al., Science 286 (1999) 2511-14; Thurston, G., et al., Nat. Med. 6 (2000) 460-63, whereas ANG-2 had the opposite effect and promoted blood vessel destabilization and regression in the absence of the survival factors VEGF or basic fibroblast growth factor. Maisonpierre, P. C., et al., Science 277 (1997) 55-60. However, many studies of ANG-2 function have suggested a more complex situation. ANG-2 might be a complex regulator of vascular remodeling that plays a role in both vessel sprouting and vessel regression. Supporting such roles for ANG-2, expression analyses reveal that ANG-2 is rapidly induced, together with VEGF, in adult settings of angiogenic sprouting, whereas ANG-2 is induced in the absence of VEGF in settings of vascular regression. Holash, J., et al., Science 284 (1999) 1994-98; Holash, J., et al., Oncogene 18 (1999) 5356-62. Consistent with a context-dependent role, ANG-2 specifically binds to the same endothelial-specific receptor, Tie-2, which is activated by Ang-1, but has context-dependent effects on its activation. Maisonpierre, P. C., et al., Science 277 (1997) 55-60.

[0006] Corneal angiogenesis assays have shown that both ANG-1 and ANG-2 had similar effects, acting synergistically with VEGF to promote growth of new blood vessels. Asahara, T., et al., Circ. Res., 83, (1998) 233-40. The possibility that there was a dose-dependent endothelial response was raised by the observation that in vitro at high concentration, ANG-2 can also be pro-angiogenic. Kim, I., et al., Oncogene 19 (2000) 4549-52. At high concentration, ANG-2 acts as an apoptosis survival factor for endothelial cells during serum deprivation apoptosis through activation of Tie2 via PI-3 Kinase and Akt pathway. Kim, I., et al., Oncogene 19 (2000) 4549-52.

[0007] Other in vitro experiments suggested that during sustained exposure, the effects of ANG-2 may progressively shift from that of an antagonist to an agonist of Tie2, and at later time points, it may contribute directly to vascular tube formation and neovessel stabilization. Teichert-Kuliszewska, K., et al., Cardiovasc. Res. 49 (2001) 659-70. Furthermore, if ECs were cultivated on fibrin gel, activation of Tie2 with ANG-2 was also observed, perhaps suggesting that the action of ANG-2 could depend on EC differentiation state. Teichert-Kuliszewska; K., et al., Cardiovasc. Res. 49 (2001) 659-70. In microvascular EC cultured in a three-dimensional collagen gel, ANG-2 can also induce Tie2 activation and promote formation of capillary-like structures. Mochizuki, Y., et al., J. Cell. Sci. 115 (2002) 175-83. Use of a 3-D spheroidal coculture as an in-vitro model of vessel maturation demonstrated that direct contact between ECs and mesenchymal cells abrogates responsiveness to VEGF, whereas the presence of VEGF and ANG-2 induced sprouting. Korff, T., et al., Faseb J. 15 (2001) 447-57. Etoh, T., et al. demonstrated that ECs that constitutively express Tie2, the expression of MMP-1, -9 and u-PA were strongly upregulated by ANG-2 in the presence of VEGF. Etoh, T., et al., Cancer Res. 61 (2001) 2145-53. With an in vivo pupillary membrane model, Lobov, I. B., et al. showed that ANG-2 in the presence of endogenous VEGF promotes a rapid increase in capillary diameter, remodeling of the basal lamina, proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, and stimulates sprouting of new blood vessels. Lobov, I. B., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99 (2002) 11205-10. By contrast, ANG-2 promotes endothelial cell death and vessel regression without endogenous VEGF. Lobov, I. B., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99 (2002) 11205-10. Similarly, with an in vivo tumor model, Vajkoczy, P., et al. demonstrated that multicellular aggregates initiate vascular growth by angiogenic sprouting via the simultaneous expression of VEGFR-2 and ANG-2 by host and tumor endothelium. Vajkoczy, P., et al., J. Clin. Invest. 109 (2002) 777-85. This model illustrated that the established microvasculature of growing tumors is characterized by a continuous remodeling, putatively mediated by the expression of VEGF and ANG-2. Vajkoczy, M. A., et al., J Clin. Invest. 09 (2002) 777-85.

[0008] Knock-out mouse studies of Tie-2 and Angiopoietin-1 show similar phenotypes and suggest that Angiopoietin-1 stimulated Tie-2 phosphorylation mediates remodeling and stabilization of developing vessel, promoting blood vessel maturation during angiogenesis and maintenance of endothelial cell-support cell adhesion (Dumont, D. J., et al., Genes & Development, 8 (1994) 1897-1909; Sato, T. N., Nature, 376 (1995) 70-74; (Thurston, G., et al., Nature Medicine 6 (2000) 460-463). The role of Angiopoietin-1 is thought to be conserved in the adult, where it is expressed widely and constitutively (Hanahan, D., Science, 277 (1997) 48-50; Zagzag, D., et al., Exp Neurology, 159 (1999) 391-400). In contrast, Angiopoietin-2 expression is primarily limited to sites of vascular remodeling where it is thought to block the constitutive stabilizing or maturing function of Angiopoietin-1, allowing vessels to revert to, and remain in, a plastic state which may be more responsive to sprouting signals (Hanahan, D., 1997; Holash, J., et al., Orzcogerze 18 (1999) 5356-62; Maisonpierre, P. C., 1997). Studies of Angiopoietin-2 expression in pathological angiogenesis have found many tumor types to show vascular Angiopoietin-2 expression (Maisonpierre, P. C., et al., Science 277 (1997) 55-60). Functional studies suggest Angiopoietin-2 is involved in tumor angiogenesis and associate Angiopoietin-2 overexpression with increased tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model (Ahmad, S. A., et al., Cancer Res., 61 (2001)1255-1259). Other studies have associated Angiopoietin-2 overexpression with tumor hypervascularity (Etoh, T., et al., Cancer Res. 61 (2001) 2145-53; Tanaka, F., et al., Cancer Res. 62 (2002) 7124-29).

[0009] In recent years Angiopoietin-1, Angiopoietin-2 and/or Tie-2 have been proposed as possible anti-cancer therapeutic targets. For example U.S. Pat. No. 6,166,185, U.S. Pat. No. 5,650,490 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,814,464 each disclose anti-Tie-2 ligand and receptor antibodies. Studies using soluble Tie-2 were reported to decrease the number and size of tumors in rodents (Lin, P, 1997; Lin, P., 1998). Siemester, G., et al. (1999) generated human melanoma cell lines expressing the extracellular domain of Tie-2, injected these into nude mice and reported soluble Tie-2 to result in significant inhibition of tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis. Given both Angiopoietin-1 and Angiopoietin-2 bind to Tie-2, it is unclear from these studies whether Angiopoietin-1, Angiopoietin-2 or Tie-2 would be an attractive target for anti-cancer therapy. However, effective anti-Angiopoietin-2 therapy is thought to be of benefit in treating diseases such as cancer, in which progression is dependant on aberrant angiogenesis where blocking the process can lead to prevention of disease advancement (Folkman, J., Nature Medicine. 1, (1995) 27-31.

[0010] In addition some groups have reported the use of antibodies and peptides that bind to Angiopoietin-2. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,166,185 and US 2003/10124129. WO 03/030833, WO 2006/068953, WO 03/057134 or US 2006/0122370.

[0011] Study of the effect of focal expression of Angiopoietin-2 has shown that antagonizing the Angiopoietin-1/Tie-2 signal loosens the tight vascular structure thereby exposing ECs to activating signals from angiogenesis inducers, e.g. VEGF (Hanahan, 1997). This pro-angiogenic effect resulting from inhibition of Angiopoietin-1 indicates that anti-Angiopoietin-1 therapy would not be an effective anti-cancer treatment.

[0012] ANG-2 is expressed during development at sites where blood vessel remodeling is occurring. Maisonpierre, P. C., et al., Science 277 (1997) 55-60. In adult individuals, ANG-2 expression is restricted to sites of vascular remodeling as well as in highly vascularized tumors, including glioma, Osada, H., et al., Int. J. Oncol. 18 (2001) 305-09; Koga, K., et al., Cancer Res. 61 (2001) 6248-54, hepatocellular carcinoma, Tanaka, S., et al, J. Clin. Invest. 103 (1999) 341-45, gastric carcinoma, Etoh, T., et al., Cancer Res. 61 (2001) 2145-53; Lee, J. H., et al, Int. J. Oncol. 18 (2001) 355-61, thyroid tumor, Bunone, G., et al., Am J Pathol 155 (1999) 1967-76, non-small cell lung cancer, Wong, M. P., et al., Lung Cancer 29 (2000) 11-22, and cancer of colon, Ahmad, S. A., et al., Cancer 92 (2001) 1138-43, and prostate Wurmbach, J. H., et al., Anticancer Res. 20 (2000) 5217-20. Some tumor cells are found to express ANG-2. For example, Tanaka, S., et al., J. Clin. Invest. 103 (1999) 341-45 detected ANG-2 mRNA in 10 out of 12 specimens of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ellis' group reported that ANG-2 is expressed ubiquitously in tumor epithelium. Ahmad, S. A., et al., Cancer 92 (2001) 1138-43. Other investigators reported similar findings. Chen, L., et al., J. Tongji Med. Univ. 21 (2001) 228-30, 235 (2001). By detecting ANG-2 mRNA levels in archived human breast cancer specimens, Sfilogoi, C. et al., Int. J. Cancer 103 (2003) 466-74 reported that ANG-2 mRNA is significantly associated with auxiliary lymph node invasion, short disease-free time and poor overall survival. Tanaka, F., et al., Cancer Res. 62 (2002) 7124-29 reviewed a total of 236 patients of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with pathological stage-I to -IIIA, respectively. Using immunohistochemistry, they found that 16.9% of the NSCLC patients were ANG-2 positive. The microvessel density for ANG-2 positive tumor is significantly higher than that of ANG-2 negative. Such an angiogenic effect of ANG-2 was seen only when VEGF expression was high. Moreover, positive expression of ANG-2 was a significant factor to predict a poor postoperative survival. Tanaka, F., et al., Cancer Res. 62 (2002) 7124-29. However, they found no significant correlation between Ang-1 expression and the microvessel density. Tanaka, F., et al., Cancer Res. 62 (2002) 7124-29. These results suggest that ANG-2 is an indicator of poor prognosis patients with several types of cancer.

[0013] Recently, using an ANG-2 knockout mouse model, Yancopoulos' group reported that ANG-2 is required for postnatal angiogenesis. Gale, N. W., et al., Dev. Cell 3 (2002) 411-23. They showed that the developmentally programmed regression of the hyaloid vasculature in the eye does not occur in the ANG-2 knockout mice and their retinal blood vessels fail to sprout out from the central retinal artery. Gale, N. W., et al., Dev. Cell 3 (2002) 411-23. They also found that deletion of ANG-2 results in profound defects in the patterning and function of the lymphatic vasculature. Gale, N. W., et al., Dev. Cell 3 (2002) 411-23. Genetic rescue with Ang-1 corrects the lymphatic, but not the angiogenesis defects. Gale, N. W., et al., Dev. Cell 3 (2002) 411-23.

[0014] Peters and his colleagues reported that soluble Tie2, when delivered either as recombinant protein or in a viral expression vector, inhibited in vivo growth of murine mammary carcinoma and melanoma in mouse models. Lin, P., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95 (1998) 8829-34; Lin, P., et al., J. Clin. Invest. 100 (1997) 2072-78. Vascular densities in the tumor tissues so treated were greatly reduced. In addition, soluble Tie2 blocked angiogenesis in the rat corneal stimulated by tumor cell conditioned media. Lin, P., et al., J. Clin. Invest. 100 (1997) 2072-78. Furthermore, Isner and his team demonstrated that addition of ANG-2 to VEGF promoted significantly longer and more circumferential neovascularity than VEGF alone. Asahara, T., et al., Circ. Res., 83 (1998) 233-40. Excess soluble Tie2 receptor precluded modulation of VEGF-induced neovascularization by ANG-2. Asahara, T., et al., Circ. Res., 83, (1998) 233-40. Siemeister, G., et al., Cancer Res. 59 (1999) 3185-91 showed with nude mouse xenografts that overexpression of the extracellular ligand-binding domains of either Flt-1 or Tie2 in the xenografts results in significant inhibition of pathway could not be compensated by the other one, suggesting that the VEGF receptor pathway and the Tie2 pathway should be considered as two independent mediators essential for the process of in vivo angiogenesis. Siemeister, G., et al., Cancer Res. 59 (1999) 3185-91. This is proven by a more recent publication by White, R. R., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100 (2003) 5028-33. In their study, it was demonstrated that a nuclease-resistant RNA aptamer that specifically binds and inhibits ANG-2 significantly inhibited neovascularization induced by bFGF in the rat corneal micropocket angiogenesis model.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The present invention relates in part to an antibody which binds specifically to human angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2), wherein said antibody comprises, as a heavy chain variable domain CDR3 region, a CDR3 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 41, and SEQ ID NO: 49.

[0016] Preferably the antibody comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain which comprises: a CDR3 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 41, and SEQ ID NO: 49; a CDR2 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 42, and SEQ ID NO: 50; and a CDR1 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 43, and SEQ ID NO: 51; and b) the light chain variable domain which comprises: a CDR3 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 36, SEQ ID NO: 44, and SEQ ID NO: 52; a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 45, and SEQ ID NO: 53; and a CDR1 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 46, and SEQ ID NO: 54.

[0017] Preferably the antibody comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 47, and SEQ ID NO: 55; and b) a light chain variable domain selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 48, and SEQ ID NO: 56.

[0018] Preferably the antibody is characterized in that the antibody does not specifically bind to Angiopoietin 1 (ANG-1).

[0019] A further embodiment of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising an antibody according to the invention.

[0020] A further embodiment of the invention is the use of an antibody according to the invention for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition.

[0021] A further embodiment of the invention is the use of an antibody according to the invention for the prevention of metastasis.

[0022] A further embodiment of the invention is the use of an antibody according to the invention for the treatment of cancer.

[0023] A further embodiment of the invention is the use of an antibody according to the invention for the treatment of vascular diseases.

[0024] A further embodiment of the invention is the use of an antibody according to the invention for the treatment of retinopathy.

[0025] A further embodiment of the invention is a nucleic acid encoding a heavy chain variable domain and/or a light chain variable domain of an antibody according to the invention.

[0026] The invention further provides expression vectors containing nucleic acid according to the invention capable of expressing said nucleic acid in a prokaryotic or eukaryotic host cell, and host cells containing such vectors for the recombinant production of such an antibody.

[0027] The invention further comprises a prokaryotic or eukaryotic host cell comprising a vector according to the invention.

[0028] The invention further comprises a method for the production of a recombinant human or humanized antibody according to the invention, characterized by expressing a nucleic acid according to the invention in a prokaryotic or eukaryotic host cell and recovering said antibody from said cell or the cell culture supernatant. The invention further comprises the antibody obtainable by such a recombinant method.

[0029] The antibodies according to the invention are especially useful for the prevention of secondary tumors/metastasis or in the treatment of vascular diseases such as retinopathies.

Description of the Amino Acid Sequences

[0030] SEQ ID NO: 1 heavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO6 SEQ ID NO: 2 heavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO6 SEQ ID NO: 3 heavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO6 SEQ ID NO: 4 light chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO6 SEQ ID NO: 5 light chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO6 SEQ ID NO: 6 light chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO6 SEQ ID NO: 7 heavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO6 SEQ ID NO: 8 light chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO6 SEQ ID NO: 9 heavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO7 SEQ ID NO: 10 heavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO7 SEQ ID NO: 11 heavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO7 SEQ ID NO: 12 light chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO7 SEQ ID NO: 13 light chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO7 SEQ ID NO: 14 light chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO7 SEQ ID NO: 15 heavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO7 SEQ ID NO: 16 light chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LCO7 SEQ ID NO: 17 heavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LCO8 SEQ ID NO: 18 heavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LCO8 SEQ ID NO: 19 heavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LCO8 SEQ ID NO: 20 light chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LCO8 SEQ ID NO: 21 light chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LCO8 SEQ ID NO: 22 light chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LCO8 SEQ ID NO: 23 heavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LCO8 SEQ ID NO: 24 light chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LCO8 SEQ ID NO: 25 heavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LCO9 SEQ ID NO: 26 heavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LCO9 SEQ ID NO: 27 heavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LCO9 SEQ ID NO: 28 light chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LCO9 SEQ ID NO: 29 light chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LCO9 SEQ ID NO: 30 light chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LCO9 SEQ ID NO: 31 heavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LCO9 SEQ ID NO: 32 light chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LCO9 SEQ ID NO: 33 heavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 SEQ ID NO: 34 heavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 SEQ ID NO: 35 heavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 SEQ ID NO: 36 light chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 SEQ ID NO: 37 light chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 SEQ ID NO: 38 light chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 SEQ ID NO: 39 heavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 SEQ ID NO: 40 light chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 SEQ ID NO: 41 heavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 SEQ ID NO: 42 heavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 SEQ ID NO: 43 heavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 SEQ ID NO: 44 light chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 SEQ ID NO: 45 light chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 SEQ ID NO: 46 light chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 SEQ ID NO: 47 heavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 SEQ ID NO: 48 light chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 SEQ ID NO: 49 heavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LCO3 SEQ ID NO: 50 heavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LCO3 SEQ ID NO: 51 heavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LCO3 SEQ ID NO: 52 light chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LCO3 SEQ ID NO: 53 light chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LCO3 SEQ ID NO: 54 light chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LCO3 SEQ ID NO: 55 heavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LCO3 SEQ ID NO: 56 light chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LCO3 SEQ ID NO: 57 human heavy chain constant region derived from IgG1 SEQ ID NO: 58 human heavy chain constant region derived from IgG4 SEQ ID NO: 59 kappa light chain constant region SEQ ID NO: 60 lambda light chain constant region SEQ ID NO: 61 Human Tie-2 receptor SEQ ID NO: 62 Human angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) with leader and His-tag SEQ ID NO: 63 Human angiopoietin-1 (ANG-1) with leader and His-tag

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0031] FIG. 1A Cloning of IgGs for transient expressions into expression vectors transient expressions Ang2i-LCO6

[0032] FIG. 1B Cloning of IgGs for transient expressions into expression vectors transient expressions Ang2i-LCO6

[0033] FIG. 2 SDS-PAGE Gel of purified anti ANG-2 antibodies Ang2i-LC06, Ang2i-LCO7 and Ang2k-LCO8

[0034] FIG. 3 Angiopoietin-Tie2 interaction ELISA

[0035] FIG. 4 Inhibition of ANG-2 binding to Tie2 by Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2k-LCO8

[0036] FIG. 5 Inhibition of ANG-1 binding to Tie2 by Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2k-LCO8

[0037] FIG. 6 Colo205 xenograft model to test in vivo efficacy of anti ANG-2 antibodies

[0038] FIG. 7 KPL-4 xenograft model to test in vivo efficacy of anti ANG-2 antibodies.

[0039] FIG. 8 ANG-1 binding via Biacore.RTM. sensogramm.

[0040] FIG. 9A Prevention of lung metastasis/secondary tumors by the antibodies according to the invention in primary colon tumor xenograft

[0041] FIG. 9B Prevention of lung metastasis/secondary tumors by the antibodies according to the invention in primary breast xenograft (9B)

[0042] FIG. 10A Inhibition of rethinopaty by the antibodies according to the invention.

[0043] FIG. 10B Inhibition of tethinopaty by the antibodies according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0044] The invention comprises an antibody which binds specifically to human angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2), wherein said antibody comprises, as a heavy chain variable domain CDR3 region, a CDR3 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 41, and SEQ ID NO: 49.

[0045] In one embodiment of the invention the antibody comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain which comprises: a CDR3 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 41, and SEQ ID NO: 49; a CDR2 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 18, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 42, and SEQ ID NO: 50; and a CDR1 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 19, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 43, and SEQ ID NO: 51; and b) a light chain variable domain which comprises: a CDR3 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 20, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 36, SEQ ID NO: 44, and SEQ ID NO: 52; a CDR2 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 45, and SEQ ID NO: 53; and a CDR1 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, SEQ ID NO: 46, and SEQ ID NO: 54.

[0046] Preferably the antibody comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 47, and SEQ ID NO: 55; and b) a light chain variable domain selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 48, and SEQ ID NO: 56.

[0047] Another embodiment of the invention is an antibody which binds specifically to human ANG-2, which is characterized in that the antibody is does not specifically bind to human Angiopoietin 1 (ANG-1). Typical antibodies which specifically bind to human ANG-2, but not to human ANG-1 are e.g. Ang2s_R3_LCO3, Ang2s_LC09, Ang2i_LC06, Ang2i_LC07, and antibodies binding to the same epitope as Ang2s_R3_LCO3, Ang2s_LC09, Ang2i_LC06, Ang2i_LC07, and Ang2i_LC10. Preferred such antibodies are those which bind to the same epitope as Ang2i_LC06. Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, the antibody binds specifically to human angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) but not to human ANG-1 binds to the same epitope as Ang2s_R3_LCO3, Ang2s_LC09, Ang2i_LC06, Ang2i_LC07, or Ang2i_LC10, and preferably to the same epitope as Ang2i_LC06. Such antibodies bind specifically to ANG-2, but not to ANG-1 can have improved properties such as efficacy, less toxicity, pharmacokinetic properties compared to ANG-2 and ANG-1 specific antibodies.

[0048] Therefore in one embodiment of the invention the antibody is one which binds specifically to human angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) but not to human ANG-1 and comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain which comprises: a CDR3 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 9, SEQ ID NO: 25, SEQ ID NO: 33, and SEQ ID NO: 49; a CDR2 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 26, SEQ ID NO: 34, and SEQ ID NO: 50; and a CDR1 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 27, SEQ ID NO: 35, and SEQ ID NO: 51; and b) a light chain variable domain which comprises: a CDR3 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 28, SEQ ID NO: 36, and SEQ ID NO: 52; a CDR2 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 29, SEQ ID NO: 37, and SEQ ID NO: 53; and a CDR1 region selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 30, SEQ ID NO: 38, and SEQ ID NO: 54.

[0049] Preferably the antibody binds specifically to human angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) but not to human ANG-1 and comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 39, and SEQ ID NO: 55; and b) q light chain variable domain selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 40, and SEQ ID NO: 56.

[0050] In one embodiment said antibody according to the invention comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain which comprises a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 9, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 10, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 3 or SEQ ID NO: 11, and b) a light chain variable domain which comprises a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 12, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 5 or SEQ ID NO: 13, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 6 or SEQ ID NO: 14.

[0051] In one embodiment the antibody according to the invention comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain of SEQ ID NO: 7 or SEQ ID NO: 15; and b) a light chain variable domain of SEQ ID NO: 8 or SEQ ID NO: 16.

[0052] In one embodiment the antibody according to the invention comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain which comprises a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 1, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 2, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 3, and b) a light chain variable domain which comprises a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 4, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 5, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 6.

[0053] In one embodiment the antibody according to the invention comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain of SEQ ID NO: 7; and b) a light chain variable domain of SEQ ID NO: 8.

[0054] In one embodiment the antibody according to the invention comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain which comprises a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 17, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 18, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 19, and b) a light chain variable domain shich comprises a CDR3 region of SEQ ID NO: 20, a CDR2 region of SEQ ID NO: 21, and a CDR1 region of SEQ ID NO: 22.

[0055] In one embodiment the antibody according to the invention comprises:

a) a heavy chain variable domain of SEQ ID NO: 23; and b) a light chain variable domain of SEQ ID NO: 24.

[0056] Preferably the antibody according to the invention is of human IgG1 subclass or is of human IgG4 subclass.

[0057] The term "antibody" encompasses the various forms of antibody structures including but not being limited to whole antibodies and antibody fragments, The antibody according to the invention is preferably a humanized antibody, chimeric antibody, or further genetically engineered antibody, as long as the characteristic properties according to the invention are retained.

[0058] "Antibody fragments" comprise a portion of a full length antibody, preferably the variable domain thereof, or at least the antigen binding site thereof. Examples of antibody fragments include diabodies, single-chain antibody molecules (scFv or scFab), and multispecific antibodies (e.g. bispecific) formed from antibody fragments. scFv antibodies are, e.g. described in Houston, J. S., Methods in Enzymol. 203 (1991) 46-88). In addition, antibody fragments comprise single chain polypeptides having the characteristics of a V.sub.H domain, namely being able to assemble together with a V.sub.L domain, or of a V.sub.L domain binding to ANG-2, namely being able to assemble together with a V.sub.H domain to a functional antigen binding site and thereby providing the property. ScFvs can be stabilized using e.g. a) disulfide stabilization (see e.g. in WO 94/029350, Rajagopal, V., et al., Prot. Engin. (1997) 1453-59; Kobayashi, H., et al., Nuclear Medicine & Biology, Vol. 25, (1998) 387-393; or Schmidt, M., et al., Oncogene (1999) 18 1711-1721.) or b) stabilized frameworks (e.g. by specific mutations of the see e.g. WO 2007/109254 specific stabilized frameworks see e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 7,258,985, Furrer, F., et al., Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 50 (2009), pp. 771-778 or Ottiger, M., et al., Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 50 (2009), pp. 779-786.

[0059] The terms "monoclonal antibody" or "monoclonal antibody composition" as used herein refer to a preparation of antibody molecules of a single amino acid composition.

[0060] The term "chimeric antibody" refers to an antibody comprising a variable region, i.e., binding region, from one source or species and at least a portion of a constant region derived from a different source or species, usually prepared by recombinant DNA techniques. Chimeric antibodies comprising a murine variable region and a human constant region are preferred. Other preferred forms of "chimeric antibodies" encompassed by the present invention are those in which the constant region has been modified or changed from that of the original antibody to generate the properties according to the invention, especially in regard to C1q binding and/or Fc receptor (FcR) binding. Such chimeric antibodies are also referred to as "class-switched antibodies.". Chimeric antibodies are the product of expressed immunoglobulin genes comprising DNA segments encoding immunoglobulin variable regions and DNA segments encoding immunoglobulin constant regions. Methods for producing chimeric antibodies involve conventional recombinant DNA and gene transfection techniques are well known in the art. See e.g. Morrison, S. L., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81 (1984) 6851-6855; U.S. Pat. No. 5,202,238 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,204,244.

[0061] The term "humanized antibody" refers to antibodies in which the framework or "complementarity determining regions" (CDR) have been modified to comprise the CDR of an immunoglobulin of different specificity as compared to that of the parent immunoglobulin. In a preferred embodiment, a murine CDR is grafted into the framework region of a human antibody to prepare the "humanized antibody." See e.g. Riechmann, L., et al., Nature 332 (1988) 323-327; and Neuberger, M. S., et al., Nature 314 (1985) 268-270. Particularly preferred CDRs correspond to those representing sequences recognizing the antigens noted above for chimeric antibodies. Other forms of "humanized antibodies" encompassed by the present invention are those in which the constant region has been additionally modified or changed from that of the original antibody to generate the properties according to the invention, especially in regard to C1q binding and/or Fc receptor (FcR) binding.

[0062] The term "human antibody", as used herein, is intended to include antibodies having variable and constant regions derived from human germ line immunoglobulin sequences. Human antibodies are well-known in the state of the art (van Dijk, M. A., and van de Winkel, J. G., Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 5 (2001) 368-374). Human antibodies can also be produced in transgenic animals (e.g., mice) that are capable, upon immunization, of producing a full repertoire or a selection of human antibodies in the absence of endogenous immunoglobulin production. Transfer of the human germ-line immunoglobulin gene array in such germ-line mutant mice will result in the production of human antibodies upon antigen challenge (see, e.g., Jakobovits, A., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90 (1993) 2551-2555; Jakobovits, A., et al., Nature 362 (1993) 255-258; Brueggemann, M., et al., Year Immunol. 7 (1993) 33-40). Human antibodies can also be produced in phage display libraries (Hoogenboom, H. R., and Winter, G., J. Mol. Biol. 227 (1992) 381-388; Marks, J. D., et al., J. Mol. Biol. 222 (1991) 581-597). The techniques of Cole, S. P. C., et al., and Boerner, et al. are also available for the preparation of human monoclonal antibodies (Cole, S. P. C., et al., Monoclonal Antibodies and Cancer Therapy, Liss, A. R., (1985) 77-96; and Boerner, P., et al., J. Immunol. 147 (1991) 86-95). As already mentioned for chimeric and humanized antibodies according to the invention the term "human antibody" as used herein also comprises such antibodies which are modified in the constant region to generate the properties according to the invention, especially in regard to C1q binding and/or FcR binding, e.g. by "class switching" i.e. change or mutation of Fc parts (e.g. from IgG1 to IgG4 and/or IgG1/IgG4 mutation.)

[0063] The term "recombinant human antibody", as used herein, is intended to include all human antibodies that are prepared, expressed, created or isolated by recombinant means, such as antibodies isolated from a host cell such as a NSO or CHO cell or from an animal (e.g. a mouse) that is transgenic for human immunoglobulin genes or antibodies expressed using a recombinant expression vector transfected into a host cell. Such recombinant human antibodies have variable and constant regions in a rearranged form. The recombinant human antibodies according to the invention have been subjected to in vivo somatic hypermutation. Thus, the amino acid sequences of the VH and VL regions of the recombinant antibodies are sequences that, while derived from and related to human germ line VH and VL sequences, may not naturally exist within the human antibody germ line repertoire in vivo.

[0064] The "variable domain" (variable domain of a light chain (V.sub.L), variable domain of a heavy chain (V.sub.H)) as used herein denotes each of the pair of light and heavy chain domains which are involved directly in binding the antibody to the antigen. The variable light and heavy chain domains have the same general structure and each domain comprises four framework (FR) regions whose sequences are widely conserved, connected by three "hypervariable regions" (or complementary determining regions, CDRs). The framework regions adopt a .beta.-sheet conformation and the CDRs may form loops connecting the .beta.-sheet structure. The CDRs in each chain are held in their three-dimensional structure by the framework regions and form together with the CDRs from the other chain the antigen binding site. The antibody's heavy and light chain CDR3 regions play a particularly important role in the binding specificity/affinity of the antibodies according to the invention and therefore provide a further object of the invention.

[0065] The term "antigen-binding portion of an antibody" when used herein refer to the amino acid residues of an antibody which are responsible for antigen-binding. The antigen-binding portion of an antibody comprises amino acid residues from the "complementary determining regions" or "CDRs". "Framework" or "FR" regions are those variable domain regions other than the hypervariable region residues as herein defined. Therefore, the light and heavy chain variable domains of an antibody comprise from N- to C-terminus the domains FR1, CDR1, FR2, CDR2, FR3, CDR3, and FR4. Especially, CDR3 of the heavy chain is the region which contributes most to antigen binding and defines the antibody's properties. CDR and FR regions are determined according to the standard definition of Kabat, E. A., et al., Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th ed., Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (1991) and/or those residues from a "hypervariable loop."

[0066] The terms "nucleic acid" or "nucleic acid molecule", as used herein, are intended to include DNA molecules and RNA molecules. A nucleic acid molecule may be single-stranded or double-stranded, but preferably is double-stranded DNA.

[0067] The term "amino acid" as used within this application denotes the group of naturally occurring carboxy .alpha.-amino acids comprising alanine (three letter code: ala, one letter code: A), arginine (arg, R), asparagine (asn, N), aspartic acid (asp, D), cysteine (cys, C), glutamine (gln, Q), glutamic acid (glu, E), glycine (gly, G), histidine (his, H), isoleucine (ile, I), leucine (leu, L), lysine (lys, K), methionine (met, M), phenylalanine (phe, F), proline (pro, P), serine (ser, S), threonine (thr, T), tryptophan (trp, W), tyrosine (tyr, Y), and valine (val, V).

[0068] A nucleic acid is "operably linked" when it is placed into a functional relationship with another nucleic acid. For example, DNA for a presequence or secretory leader is operable linked to DNA for a polypeptide if it is expressed as a preprotein that participates in the secretion of the polypeptide; a promoter or enhancer is operable linked to a coding sequence if it affects the transcription of the sequence; or a ribosome binding site is operable linked to a coding sequence if it is positioned so as to facilitate translation. Generally, "operably linked" means that the DNA sequences being linked are colinear, and, in the case of a secretory leader, contiguous and in reading frame. However, enhancers do not have to be contiguous Linking is accomplished by ligation at convenient restriction sites. If such sites do not exist, synthetic oligonucleotide adaptors or linkers are used in accordance with conventional practice.

[0069] As used herein, the expressions "cell", "cell line", and "cell culture" are used interchangeably and all such designations include progeny. Thus, the words "transformants" and "transformed cells" include the primary subject cell and cultures derived therefrom without regard for the number of transfers. It is also understood that all progeny may not be precisely identical in DNA content, due to deliberate or inadvertent mutations. Variant progeny that have the same function or biological activity as screened for in the originally transformed cell are included.

[0070] As used herein, the terms "bind", "binds", and "binding" refer to the binding of the antibody to an epitope of an antigen in an in vitro assay, preferably in an plasmon resonance assay (BIAcore, GE-Healthcare Uppsala, Sweden) (Example 3) with purified wild-type ANG-2 antigen. The affinity of the binding is defined by the terms ka (rate constant for the association of the antibody from the antibody/antigen complex), k.sub.D (dissociation constant), and K.sub.D (k.sub.D/ka). Binding means a binding affinity (K.sub.D) of 10.sup.-8 mol/l or less, preferably 10.sup.-9 M to 10.sup.-13 mol/l.

[0071] Binding of the antibody to the Fc.gamma.RIII can be investigated by a BIAcore.RTM. assay (GE-Healthcare Uppsala, Sweden). The affinity of the binding is defined by the terms ka (rate constant for the association of the antibody from the antibody/antigen complex), k.sub.D (dissociation constant), and K.sub.D (k.sub.D/ka).

[0072] As used herein, the term "not binding to ANG-1" denotes that the antibody has an EC50-value above 8000 ng/ml in an in vitro ANG-1 binding ELISA assay (according to Example 2).

[0073] The term "epitope" includes any polypeptide determinant capable of specific binding to an antibody. In certain embodiments, epitope determinant include chemically active surface groupings of molecules such as amino acids, sugar side chains, phosphoryl, or sulfonyl, and, in certain embodiments, may have specific three dimensional structural characteristics, and or specific charge characteristics. An epitope is a region of an antigen that is bound by an antibody.

[0074] The "Fc part" of an antibody is not involved directly in binding of an antibody to an antigen, but exhibit various effector functions. A "Fc part of an antibody" is a term well known to the skilled artisan and defined on the basis of papain cleavage of antibodies. Depending on the amino acid sequence of the constant region of their heavy chains, antibodies or immunoglobulins are divided in the classes: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG and IgM, and several of these may be further divided into subclasses (isotypes), e.g. IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, IgA1, and IgA2. According to the heavy chain constant regions the different classes of immunoglobulins are called .alpha., .delta., .epsilon., .gamma., and .mu., respectively. The Fc part of an antibody is directly involved in ADCC (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity) and CDC (complement-dependent cytotoxicity) based on complement activation, C1q binding and Fc receptor binding. Complement activation (CDC) is initiated by binding of complement factor C1q to the Fc part of most IgG antibody subclasses. While the influence of an antibody on the complement system is dependent on certain conditions, binding to C1q is caused by defined binding sites in the Fc part. Such binding sites are known in the state of the art and described e.g. by Boakle, R. J., et al., Nature 282 (1975) 742-743, Lukas, T. J., et al., J. Immunol. 127 (1981) 2555-2560, Brunhouse, R., and Cebra, J. J., Mol. Immunol. 16 (1979) 907-917, Burton, D. R., et al., Nature 288 (1980) 338-344, Thommesen, J. E., et al., Mol. Immunol. 37 (2000) 995-1004, Idusogie, E. E., et al., J. Immuno1.164 (2000) 4178-4184, Hezareh, M., et al., J. Virology 75 (2001) 12161-12168, Morgan, A., et al., Immunology 86 (1995) 319-324, EP 0307434. Such binding sites are e.g. L234, L235, D270, N297, E318, K320, K322, P331 and P329 (numbering according to EU index of Kabat, see below). Antibodies of subclass IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 usually show complement activation and C1q and C3 binding, whereas IgG4 do not activate the complement system and do not bind C1q and C3.

[0075] The antibody according to the invention preferably comprises a Fc part from human origin which is Fc part of a human antibody of the subclass IgG1.

[0076] The antibody according to the invention is characterized in that the constant chains are of human origin. Such constant chains are well known in the state of the art and e.g. described by Kabat, E. A. (see e.g. Johnson, G. and Wu, T. T., Nucleic Acids Res. 28 (2000) 214-218). For example, a useful human heavy chain constant region comprises an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 57 or of SEQ ID NO: 58. For example, a useful human light chain constant region comprises an amino acid sequence of a kappa-light chain constant region of SEQ ID NO: 59, or of a lambda-light chain constant region of SEQ ID NO: 60.

[0077] The term "constant region" as used within the current applications denotes the sum of the domains of an antibody other than the variable region. The constant region is not involved directly in binding of an antigen, but exhibit various effector functions. Depending on the amino acid sequence of the constant region of their heavy chains, antibodies are divided in the classes: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG and IgM, and several of these may be further divided into subclasses, such as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, IgA1 and IgA2. The heavy chain constant regions that correspond to the different classes of antibodies are called .alpha., .delta., .epsilon., .gamma., and .mu., respectively. The light chain constant regions which can be found in all five antibody classes are called .kappa. (kappa) and .lamda. (lambda).

[0078] The term "constant region derived from human origin" as used in the current application denotes a constant heavy chain region of a human antibody of the subclass IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, or IgG4 and/or a constant light chain .kappa. region. Such constant regions are well known in the state of the art and e.g. described by Kabat, E. A., (see e.g. Johnson, G. and Wu, T. T., Nucleic Acids Res. 28 (2000) 214-218; Kabat, E. A., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72 (1975) 2785-2788).

[0079] While antibodies of the IgG4 subclass show reduced Fc receptor (Fc.gamma.RIIIa) binding, antibodies of other IgG subclasses show strong binding. However Pro238, Asp265, Asp270, Asn297 (loss of Fc carbohydrate), Pro329, Leu234, Leu235, Gly236, Gly237, Ile253, Ser254, Lys288, Thr307, Gln311, Asn434, and His435 are residues which, if altered, provide also reduced Fc receptor binding (Shields, R. L., et al., J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 6591-6604; Lund, J., et al., FASEB J. 9 (1995) 115-119; Morgan, A., et al., Immunology 86 (1995) 319-324; EP 0 307 434).

[0080] In one embodiment an antibody according to the invention has a reduced FcR binding compared to an IgG1 antibody and the monospecific bivalent parent antibody is in regard to FcR binding of IgG4 subclass or of IgG1 or IgG2 subclass with a mutation in 5228, L234, L235 and/or D265, and/or contains the PVA236 mutation. In one embodiment the mutations in the monospecific bivalent parent antibody are S228P, L234A, L235A, L235E and/or PVA236. In another embodiment the mutations in the monospecific bivalent parent antibody are in IgG4 S228P and in IgG1 L234A and L235A. Constant heavy chain regions shown in SEQ ID NO: 57 and 58. In one embodiment the constant heavy chain region of the monospecific bivalent parent antibody is of SEQ ID NO: 57 with mutations L234A and L235A. In another embodiment the constant heavy chain region of the monospecific bivalent parent antibody is of SEQ ID NO: 58 with mutation S228P. In another embodiment the constant light chain region of the monospecific bivalent parent antibody is a kappa light chain region of SEQ ID NO: 59, or a lambda light chain constant region of SEQ ID NO: 60. In one embodiment of the invention the constant heavy chain region of the monospecific bivalent parent antibody is of SEQ ID NO: 57 or of SEQ ID NO: 58 with mutation S228P.

[0081] The constant region of an antibody is directly involved in ADCC (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity) and CDC (complement-dependent cytotoxicity). Complement activation (CDC) is initiated by binding of complement factor C1q to the constant region of most IgG antibody subclasses. Binding of C1q to an antibody is caused by defined protein-protein interactions at the so called binding site. Such constant region binding sites are known in the state of the art and described e.g. by Lukas, T. J., et al., J. Immunol. 127 (1981) 2555-2560; Brunhouse, R. and Cebra, J. J., Mol. Immunol. 16 (1979) 907-917; Burton, D. R., et al., Nature 288 (1980) 338-344; Thommesen, J. E., et al., Mol. Immunol. 37 (2000) 995-1004; Idusogie, E. E., et al., J. Immunol. 164 (2000) 4178-4184; Hezareh, M., et al., J. Virol. 75 (2001) 12161-12168; Morgan, A., et al., Immunology 86 (1995) 319-324; and EP 0 307 434. Such constant region binding sites are, e.g., characterized by the amino acids L234, L235, D270, N297, E318, K320, K322, P331, and P329 (numbering according to EU index of Kabat).

[0082] The term "antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)" refers to lysis of human target cells by an antibody according to the invention in the presence of effector cells. ADCC is measured preferably by the treatment of a preparation of CCR5 expressing cells with an antibody according to the invention in the presence of effector cells such as freshly isolated PBMC or purified effector cells from buffy coats, like monocytes or natural killer (NK) cells or a permanently growing NK cell line.

[0083] The term "complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC)" denotes a process initiated by binding of complement factor C1q to the Fc part of most IgG antibody subclasses. Binding of C1q to an antibody is caused by defined protein-protein interactions at the so called binding site. Such Fc part binding sites are known in the state of the art (see above). Such Fc part binding sites are, e.g., characterized by the amino acids L234, L235, D270, N297, E318, K320, K322, P331, and P329 (numbering according to EU index of Kabat). Antibodies of subclass IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 usually show complement activation including C1q and C3 binding, whereas IgG4 does not activate the complement system and does not bind C1q and/or C3.

[0084] The antibody according to the invention is produced by recombinant means. Thus, one aspect of the current invention is a nucleic acid encoding the antibody according to the invention and a further aspect is a cell comprising said nucleic acid encoding an antibody according to the invention. Methods for recombinant production are widely known in the state of the art and comprise protein expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells with subsequent isolation of the antibody and usually purification to a pharmaceutically acceptable purity. For the expression of the antibodies as aforementioned in a host cell, nucleic acids encoding the respective modified light and heavy chains are inserted into expression vectors by standard methods. Expression is performed in appropriate prokaryotic or eukaryotic host cells like CHO cells, NSO cells, SP2/0 cells, HEK293 cells, COS cells, PER.C6 cells, yeast, or E. coli cells, and the antibody is recovered from the cells (supernatant or cells after lysis). General methods for recombinant production of antibodies are well-known in the state of the art and described, for example, in the review articles of Makrides, S. C., Protein Expr. Purif. 17 (1999) 183-202; Geisse, S., et al., Protein Expr. Purif. 8 (1996) 271-282; Kaufman, R. J., Mol. Biotechnol. 16 (2000) 151-161; Werner, R. G., J. Drug Res. 48 (1998) 870-880.

[0085] The antibodies according to the invention are suitably separated from the culture medium by conventional immunoglobulin purification procedures such as, for example, protein A-Sepharose, hydroxylapatite chromatography, gel electrophoresis, dialysis, or affinity chromatography. DNA and RNA encoding the monoclonal antibodies is readily isolated and sequenced using conventional procedures. The hybridoma cells can serve as a source of such DNA and RNA. Once isolated, the DNA may be inserted into expression vectors, which are then transfected into host cells such as HEK 293 cells, CHO cells, or myeloma cells that do not otherwise produce immunoglobulin protein, to obtain the synthesis of recombinant monoclonal antibodies in the host cells.

[0086] Amino acid sequence variants (or mutants) of the antibody according to the invention are prepared by introducing appropriate nucleotide changes into the antibody DNA, or by nucleotide synthesis. Such modifications can be performed, however, only in a very limited range, e.g. as described above. For example, the modifications do not alter the above mentioned antibody characteristics such as the IgG isotype and antigen binding, but may improve the yield of the recombinant production, protein stability or facilitate the purification.

[0087] The term "host cell" as used in the current application denotes any kind of cellular system which can be engineered to generate the antibodies according to the current invention. In one embodiment HEK293 cells and CHO cells are used as host cells. As used herein, the expressions "cell," "cell line," and "cell culture" are used interchangeably and all such designations include progeny. Thus, the words "transformants" and "transformed cells" include the primary subject cell and cultures derived therefrom without regard for the number of transfers. It is also understood that all progeny may not be precisely identical in DNA content, due to deliberate or inadvertent mutations. Variant progeny that have the same function or biological activity as screened for in the originally transformed cell are included.

[0088] Expression in NSO cells is described by, e.g., Barnes, L. M., et al., Cytotechnology 32 (2000) 109-123; Barnes, L. M., et al., Biotech. Bioeng. 73 (2001) 261-270. Transient expression is described by, e.g., Durocher, Y., et al., Nucl. Acids. Res. 30 (2002) E9. Cloning of variable domains is described by Orlandi, R., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86 (1989) 3833-3837; Carter, P., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89 (1992) 4285-4289; and Norderhaug, L., et al., J. Immunol. Methods 204 (1997) 77-87. A preferred transient expression system (HEK 293) is described by Schlaeger, E.-J., and Christensen, K., in Cytotechnology 30 (1999) 71-83 and by Schlaeger, E.-J., in J. Immunol. Methods 194 (1996) 191-199.

[0089] The control sequences that are suitable for prokaryotes, for example, include a promoter, optionally an operator sequence, and a ribosome binding site. Eukaryotic cells are known to utilize promoters, enhancers and polyadenylation signals.

[0090] A nucleic acid is "operably linked" when it is placed in a functional relationship with another nucleic acid sequence. For example, DNA for a pre-sequence or secretory leader is operably linked to DNA for a polypeptide if it is expressed as a pre-protein that participates in the secretion of the polypeptide; a promoter or enhancer is operably linked to a coding sequence if it affects the transcription of the sequence; or a ribosome binding site is operably linked to a coding sequence if it is positioned so as to facilitate translation. Generally, "operably linked" means that the DNA sequences being linked are contiguous, and, in the case of a secretory leader, contiguous and in reading frame. However, enhancers do not have to be contiguous. Linking is accomplished by ligation at convenient restriction sites. If such sites do not exist, the synthetic oligonucleotide adaptors or linkers are used in accordance with conventional practice.

[0091] Purification of antibodies is performed in order to eliminate cellular components or other contaminants, e.g. other cellular nucleic acids or proteins, by standard techniques, including alkaline/SDS treatment, CsCl banding, column chromatography, agarose gel electrophoresis, and others well known in the art. See Ausubel, F., et al., ed. Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Greene Publishing and Wiley Interscience, New York (1987). Different methods are well established and widespread used for protein purification, such as affinity chromatography with microbial proteins (e.g. protein A or protein G affinity chromatography), ion exchange chromatography (e.g. cation exchange (carboxymethyl resins), anion exchange (amino ethyl resins) and mixed-mode exchange), thiophilic adsorption (e.g. with beta-mercaptoethanol and other SH ligands), hydrophobic interaction or aromatic adsorption chromatography (e.g. with phenyl-sepharose, aza-arenophilic resins, or m-aminophenylboronic acid), metal chelate affinity chromatography (e.g. with Ni(II)- and Cu(II)-affinity material), size exclusion chromatography, and electrophoretical methods (such as gel electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis) (Vijayalakshmi, M. A. Appl. Biochem. Biotech. 75 (1998) 93-102).

[0092] The invention comprises a method for the treatment of a patient in need of therapy, characterized by administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody according to the invention.

[0093] The invention comprises the use of an antibody according to the invention for therapy.

[0094] The invention comprises the use of an antibody according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention of metastasis.

[0095] The invention comprises the use of an antibody according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of cancer.

[0096] One aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising an antibody according to the invention. Another aspect of the invention is the use of an antibody according to the invention for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition. A further aspect of the invention is a method for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an antibody according to the invention. In another aspect, the present invention provides a composition, e.g. a pharmaceutical composition, containing an antibody according to the present invention, formulated together with a pharmaceutical carrier.

[0097] Another aspect of the invention is said pharmaceutical composition for the prevention of metastasis.

[0098] Another aspect of the invention is an antibody according to the invention for the prevention of metastasis.

[0099] Another aspect of the invention is the use of an antibody according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention of metastasis.

[0100] Another aspect of the invention is a method of prevention metastasis in patient suffering from primary cancer by administering an antibody according to the invention to a patient in the need of such preventative treatment.

[0101] We could show higly efficient prevention of spotanouenes metastasis/secondary tumors in vivo in a orthotopic and a subcutanoues cancer model (see Example 9) (in contrast to experimental model where the tumor cells are injected i.v. This is similar to the clinical situation wherein cells disseminate from a primary tumor and metastase to secondary organ like lung or liver (where secondary tumors).

[0102] The term "metastasis" according to the invention refers to the transmission of cancerous cells from the primary tumor to one or more sites elsewhere in a patient where then secondary tumors develop. Means to determine if a cancer has metastasized are known in the art and include bone scan, chest X-ray, CAT scan, MRI scan, and tumor marker tests.

[0103] The term "prevention of metastasis" or "prevention of secondary tumors" as used herein have the same meaning and refers a prophylactic agent against metastasis in patient suffering from relapsed HER2 positive cancer in this way inhibiting or reducing a further transmission of cancerous cells from the primary tumor to one or more sites elsewhere in a patient. This means that the metastasis of the primary, tumor or cancer is prevented, delayed, or reduced and thus the developement of secondary tunmors is is prevented, delayed, or reduced. Preferably the metastasis i.e secondary tumors of the lung are prevented or reduced, which means that metastatic transmission of cancerous cells from the primary tumor to the lung is prevented or reduced.

[0104] Another aspect of the invention is said pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of cancer.

[0105] Another aspect of the invention is an antibody according to the invention for the treatment of cancer.

[0106] Another aspect of the invention is the use of an antibody according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer.

[0107] Another aspect of the invention is method of treatment of patient suffering from cancer by administering an antibody according to the invention to a patient in the need of such treatment.

[0108] As used herein, "pharmaceutical carrier" includes any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and the like that are physiologically compatible. Preferably, the carrier is suitable for intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, parenteral, spinal or epidermal administration (e.g. by injection or infusion).

[0109] A composition of the present invention can be administered by a variety of methods known in the art. As will be appreciated by the skilled artisan, the route and/or mode of administration will vary depending upon the desired results. To administer a compound of the invention by certain routes of administration, it may be necessary to coat the compound with, or co-administer the compound with, a material to prevent its inactivation. For example, the compound may be administered to a subject in an appropriate carrier, for example, liposomes, or a diluent. Pharmaceutically acceptable diluents include saline and aqueous buffer solutions. Pharmaceutical carriers include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersion. The use of such media and agents for pharmaceutically active substances is known in the art.

[0110] The phrases "parenteral administration" and "administered parenterally" as used herein means modes of administration other than enteral and topical administration, usually by injection, and includes, without limitation, intravenous, intramuscular, intra-arterial, intrathecal, intracapsular, intraorbital, intracardiac, intradermal, intraperitoneal, transtracheal, subcutaneous, subcuticular, intraarticular, subcapsular, subarachnoid, intraspinal, epidural and intrasternal injection and infusion.

[0111] The term cancer as used herein refers to proliferative diseases, such as lymphomas, lymphocytic leukemias, lung cancer, non small cell lung (NSCL) cancer, bronchioloalviolar cell lung cancer, bone cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, cancer of the head or neck, cutaneous or intraocular melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina, carcinoma of the vulva, Hodgkin's Disease, cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system, cancer of the thyroid gland, cancer of the parathyroid gland, cancer of the adrenal gland, sarcoma of soft tissue, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, prostate cancer, cancer of the bladder, cancer of the kidney or ureter, renal cell carcinoma, carcinoma of the renal pelvis, mesothelioma, hepatocellular cancer, biliary cancer, neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS), spinal axis tumors, brain stem glioma, glioblastoma multiforme, astrocytomas, schwanomas, ependymonas, medulloblastomas, meningiomas, squamous cell carcinomas, pituitary adenoma and Ewings sarcoma, including refractory versions of any of the above cancers, or a combination of one or more of the above cancers.

[0112] Another aspect of the invention is said pharmaceutical composition as anti-angiogenic agent. Such anti-angiogenic agent can be used for the treatment of cancer, especially solid tumors, and other vascular diseases.

[0113] Another aspect of the invention is the use of an antibody according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of vascular diseases.

[0114] Another aspect of the invention is an antibody according to the invention for the treatment of vascular diseases.

[0115] A preferred embodiment is an antibody according to the invention for the treatment of retinopathy.

[0116] A preferred embodiment is the use of an antibody according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of retinopathy

[0117] Another aspect of the invention is method of treatment of patient suffering from vascular diseases by administering an antibody according to the invention to a patient in the need of such treatment.

[0118] The term "vascular diseases" includes Cancer, Inflammatory diseases, Atherosclerosis, Ischemia, Trauma, Sepsis, COPD, Asthma, Diabetes, AMD, Retinopathy, Stroke, Adipositas, Acute lung injury, Hemorrhage, Vascular leak e.g. Cytokine induced, Allergy, Graves' Disease, Hashimoto's Autoimmune Thyroiditis, Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura, Giant Cell Arteritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Lupus Nephritis, Crohn's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Ulcerative Colitis, especially to solid tumors, intraocular neovascular syndromes (such as proliferative retinopathies or age-related macular degeneration (AMD)), rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis (Folkman, J., et al., J. Biol. Chem. 267 (1992) 10931-10934; Klagsbrun, M., et al., Annu Rev. Physiol. 53 (1991) 217-239; and Garner, A., Vascular diseases, In: Pathobiology of ocular disease, A dynamic approach, Garner, A., and Klintworth, G. K. (eds.), 2nd edition, Marcel Dekker, New York (1994), pp 1625-1710).

[0119] These compositions may also contain adjuvants such as preservatives, wetting agents, emulsifying agents and dispersing agents. Prevention of presence of microorganisms may be ensured both by sterilization procedures, supra, and by the inclusion of various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, paraben, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, and the like. It may also be desirable to include isotonic agents, such as sugars, sodium chloride, and the like into the compositions. In addition, prolonged absorption of the injectable pharmaceutical form may be brought about by the inclusion of agents which delay absorption such as aluminum monostearate and gelatin.

[0120] Regardless of the route of administration selected, the compounds of the present invention, which may be used in a suitable hydrated form, and/or the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention, are formulated into pharmaceutically acceptable dosage forms by conventional methods known to those of skill in the art.

[0121] Actual dosage levels of the active ingredients in the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be varied so as to obtain an amount of the active ingredient which is effective to achieve the desired therapeutic response for a particular patient, composition, and mode of administration, without being toxic to the patient. The selected dosage level will depend upon a variety of pharmacokinetic factors including the activity of the particular compositions of the present invention employed, the route of administration, the time of administration, the rate of excretion of the particular compound being employed, the duration of the treatment, other drugs, compounds and/or materials used in combination with the particular compositions employed, the age, sex, weight, condition, general health and prior medical history of the patient being treated, and like factors well known in the medical arts.

[0122] The composition must be sterile and fluid to the extent that the composition is deliverable by syringe. In addition to water, the carrier preferably is an isotonic buffered saline solution.

[0123] Proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by use of coating such as lecithin, by maintenance of required particle size in the case of dispersion and by use of surfactants. In many cases, it is preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars, polyalcohols such as mannitol or sorbitol, and sodium chloride in the composition.

[0124] As used herein, the expressions "cell," "cell line," and "cell culture" are used interchangeably and all such designations include progeny. Thus, the words "transformants" and "transformed cells" include the primary subject cell and cultures derived therefrom without regard for the number of transfers. It is also understood that all progeny may not be precisely identical in DNA content, due to deliberate or inadvertent mutations. Variant progeny that have the same function or biological activity as screened for in the originally transformed cell are included. Where distinct designations are intended, it will be clear from the context.

[0125] The term "transformation" as used herein refers to process of transfer of a vectors/nucleic acid into a host cell. If cells without formidable cell wall barriers are used as host cells, transfection is carried out e.g. by the calcium phosphate precipitation method as described by Graham, F. L., and van der Eb, Virology 52 (1973) 456-467. However, other methods for introducing DNA into cells such as by nuclear injection or by protoplast fusion may also be used. If prokaryotic cells or cells which contain substantial cell wall constructions are used, e.g. one method of transfection is calcium treatment using calcium chloride as described by Cohen, F. N, et al, PNAS. 69 (1972) 7110ff.

[0126] As used herein, "expression" refers to the process by which a nucleic acid is transcribed into mRNA and/or to the process by which the transcribed mRNA (also referred to as transcript) is subsequently being translated into peptides, polypeptides, or proteins. The transcripts and the encoded polypeptides are collectively referred to as gene product. If the polynucleotide is derived from genomic DNA, expression in a eukaryotic cell may include splicing of the mRNA.

[0127] A "vector" is a nucleic acid molecule, in particular self-replicating, which transfers an inserted nucleic acid molecule into and/or between host cells. The term includes vectors that function primarily for insertion of DNA or RNA into a cell (e.g., chromosomal integration), replication of vectors that function primarily for the replication of DNA or RNA, and expression vectors that function for transcription and/or translation of the DNA or RNA. Also included are vectors that provide more than one of the functions as described.

[0128] An "expression vector" is a polynucleotide which, when introduced into an appropriate host cell, can be transcribed and translated into a polypeptide. An "expression system" usually refers to a suitable host cell comprised of an expression vector that can function to yield a desired expression product.

[0129] The following examples, sequence listing and figures are provided to aid the understanding of the present invention, the true scope of which is set forth in the appended claims. It is understood that modifications can be made in the procedures set forth without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Experimental Procedure 1

Materials & General Methods

[0130] General information regarding the nucleotide sequences of human immunoglobulins light and heavy chains is given in: Kabat, E. A., et al., Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th ed., Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. (1991). Amino acids of antibody chains are numbered and referred to according to EU numbering (Edelman, G. M., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 63 (1969) 78-85; Kabat, E. A., et al., Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, 5th ed., Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md., (1991)).

Recombinant DNA Techniques

[0131] Standard methods were used to manipulate DNA as described in Sambrook, J. et al., Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 1989. The molecular biological reagents were used according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Gene Synthesis

[0132] Desired gene segments were prepared from oligonucleotides made by chemical synthesis. The gene segments, which are flanked by singular restriction endonuclease cleavage sites, were assembled by annealing and ligation of oligonucleotides including PCR amplification and subsequently cloned via the indicated restriction sites e.g. KpnI/Sad or AscI/PacI into a pPCRScript (Stratagene) based pGA4 cloning vector. The DNA sequences of the subcloned gene fragments were confirmed by DNA sequencing. Gene synthesis fragments were ordered according to given specifications at Geneart (Regensburg, Germany).

DNA Sequence Determination

[0133] DNA sequences were determined by double strand sequencing performed at MediGenomix GmbH (Martinsried, Germany) or Sequiserve GmbH (Vaterstetten, Germany).

DNA and Protein Sequence Analysis and Sequence Data Management

[0134] The GCG's (Genetics Computer Group, Madison, Wis.) software package version 10.2 and Infomax's Vector NT 1.RTM. Advance suite version 8.0 was used for sequence creation, mapping, analysis, annotation and illustration.

Expression Vectors

[0135] For the expression of the described antibodies variants of expression plasmids for transient expression (e.g. in HEK293 EBNA or HEK293-F cells) or for stable expression (e.g. in CHO cells) based either on a cDNA organization with a CMV-Intron A promoter or on a genomic organization with a CMV promoter (e.g. FIG. 1) were applied.

[0136] Beside the antibody expression cassette the vectors contained:

[0137] an origin of replication which allows replication of this plasmid in E. coli, and

[0138] a .beta.-lactamase gene which confers ampicillin resistance in E. coli.

[0139] The transcription unit of the antibody gene is composed of the following elements:

[0140] unique restriction site(s) at the 5' end

[0141] the immediate early enhancer and promoter from the human cytomegalovirus,

[0142] followed by the Intron A sequence in the case of the cDNA organization,

[0143] a 5'-untranslated region of a human antibody gene,

[0144] a immunoglobulin heavy chain signal sequence,

[0145] the human antibody chain (heavy chain, modified heavy chain or light chain) either as cDNA or as genomic organization with an the immunoglobulin exon-intron organization

[0146] a 3' untranslated region with a polyadenylation signal sequence, and

[0147] unique restriction site(s) at the 3' end.

[0148] The fusion genes comprising the heavy chain sequences of the selected antibody as described below were generated by PCR and/or gene synthesis and assembled with known recombinant methods and techniques by connection of the according nucleic acid segments e.g. using unique NsiI and EcoRI sites in the genomic heavy chain vectors. The subcloned nucleic acid sequences were verified by DNA sequencing. For transient and stable transfections larger quantities of the plasmids were prepared by plasmid preparation from transformed E. coli cultures (Nucleobond AX, Macherey-Nagel).

Cell Culture Techniques

[0149] Standard cell culture techniques were used as described in Current Protocols in Cell Biology (2000), Bonifacino, J. S., Dasso, M., Harford, J. B., Lippincott-Schwartz, J. and Yamada, K. M. (eds.), John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Transient Transfections in HEK293-F System

[0150] Antibodies were generated by transient transfection of the two plasmids encoding the heavy or modified heavy chain, respectively and the corresponding light chain using the HEK293-F system (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instruction. Briefly, HEK293-F cells (Invitrogen) growing in suspension either in a shake flask or in a stirred fermenter in serumfree FreeStyle.TM. 293 expression medium (Invitrogen) were transfected with a mix of the two respective expression plasmids and 293Fectin.TM. or fectin (Invitrogen). For e.g. 2 L shake flask (Corning) HEK293-F cells were seeded at a density of 1.0E*6 cells/mL in 600 mL and incubated at 120 rpm, 8% CO2. The day after the cells were transfected at a cell density of ca. 1.5E*6 cells/mL with ca. 42 mL mix of A) 20 mL Opti-MEM.RTM. (Invitrogen) with 600 .mu.g total plasmid DNA (1 .mu.g/mL) encoding the heavy or modified heavy chain, respectively and the corresponding light chain in an equimolar ratio and B) 20 ml Opti-MEM.RTM.+1.2 mL 293Fectin.TM. or fectin (2 .mu.l/mL). According to the glucose consumption glucose solution was added during the course of the fermentation. The supernatant containing the secreted antibody was harvested after 5-10 days and antibodies were either directly purified from the supernatant or the supernatant was frozen and stored.

Protein Determination

[0151] The protein concentration of purified antibodies and derivatives was determined by determining the optical density (OD) at 280 nm, using the molar extinction coefficient calculated on the basis of the amino acid sequence according to Pace, C. N., et. al., Protein Science, 4 (1995), 2411-1423.

Antibody Concentration Determination in Supernatants

[0152] The concentration of antibodies and derivatives in cell culture supernatants was estimated by immunoprecipitation with Protein A Agarose-beads (Roche). 60 .mu.L Protein A Agarose beads are washed three times in TBS-NP40 (50 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 1% Nonidet-P40). Subsequently, 1-15 mL cell culture supernatant are applied to the Protein A Agarose beads pre-equilibrated in TBS-NP40. After incubation for at 1 h at room temperature the beads are washed on an Ultrafree.RTM.-MC-filter column (Amicon.RTM.) once with 0.5 mL TBS-NP40, twice with 0.5 mL 2.times.phosphate buffered saline (2.times.PBS, Roche) and briefly four times with 0.5 mL 100 mM Na-citrate pH 5.0. Bound antibody is eluted by addition of 35 .mu.l NuPAGE.RTM. LDS Sample Buffer (Invitrogen). Half of the sample is combined with NuPAGE.RTM. Sample Reducing Agent or left unreduced, respectively, and heated for 10 min at 70.degree. C. Consequently, 20 .mu.l are applied to an 4-12% NuPAGE.RTM. Bis-Tris SDS-PAGE (Invitrogen) (with MOPS buffer for non-reduced SDS-PAGE and MES buffer with NuPAGE.RTM. Antioxidant running buffer additive (Invitrogen) for reduced SDS-PAGE) and stained with Coomassie.RTM. Blue.

[0153] The concentration of antibodies and derivatives in cell culture supernatants was measured by Protein A-HPLC chromatography. Briefly, cell culture supernatants containing antibodies and derivatives that bind to Protein A were applied to a HiTrap.TM. Protein A column (GE Healthcare) in 50 mM K2HPO4, 300 mM NaCl, pH 7.3 and eluted from the matrix with 50 mM acetic acid, pH 2.5 on a Dionex HPLC-System. The eluted protein was quantified by UV absorbance and integration of peak areas. A purified standard IgG1 antibody served as a standard.

[0154] Alternatively, the concentration of antibodies and derivatives in cell culture supernatants was measured by Sandwich-IgG-ELISA. Briefly, StreptaWell.RTM. High Bind Streptavidin A-96 well microtiter plates (Roche) were coated with 100 .mu.L/well biotinylated anti-human IgG capture molecule F(ab')2<h-Fc.gamma.> BI (Dianova) at 0.1 .mu.g/mL for 1 h at room temperature or alternatively over night at 4.degree. C. and subsequently washed three times with 200 .mu.L/well PBS, 0.05% Tween.TM. (PBST, Sigma). 100 .mu.L/well of a dilution series in PBS (Sigma) of the respective antibody containing cell culture supernatants was added to the wells and incubated for 1-2 h on a microtiterplate shaker at room temperature. The wells were washed three times with 200 .mu.L/well PBST and bound antibody was detected with 100 .mu.l F(ab')2<hFcgamma>POD (Dianova) at 0.1 .mu.g/mL as detection antibody for 1-2 h on a microtiterplate shaker at room temperature. Unbound detection antibody was washed away three times with 200 .mu.L/well PBST and the bound detection antibody was detected by addition of 100 .mu.L ABTS/well. Determination of absorbance was performed on a Tecan Fluor Spectrometer at a measurement wavelength of 405 nm (reference wavelength 492 nm).

Protein Purification

[0155] Proteins were purified from filtered cell culture supernatants referring to standard protocols. In brief, antibodies were applied to a Protein A Sepharose column (GE Healthcare) and washed with PBS. Elution of antibodies was achieved at acidic pH followed by immediate neutralization of the sample. Aggregated protein was separated from monomeric antibodies by size exclusion chromatography (Superdex.RTM. 200, GE Healthcare) in 20 mM Histidine, 140 mM NaCl pH 6.0. Monomeric antibody fractions were pooled, concentrated if required using e.g. a MILLIPORE Amicon.RTM. Ultra (30 MWCO) centrifugal concentrator and stored at -80.degree. C. Part of the samples were provided for subsequent protein analytics and analytical characterization e.g. by SDS-PAGE, size exclusion chromatography, mass spectrometry and Endotoxin determination (see FIG. 2).

SDS-PAGE

[0156] The NuPAGE.RTM. Pre-Cast gel system (Invitrogen) was used according to the manufacturer's instruction. In particular, 4-20% NuPAGE.RTM. Novex.RTM. TRIS-Glycine Pre-Cast gels and a Novex.RTM. TRIS-Glycine SDS running buffer were used. (see e.g. FIG. 1). Reducing of samples was achieved by adding NuPAGE.RTM. sample reducing agent prior to running the gel.

Analytical Size Exclusion Chromatography

[0157] Size exclusion chromatography for the determination of the aggregation and oligomeric state of antibodies was performed by HPLC chromatography. Briefly, Protein A purified antibodies were applied to a Tosoh TSKgel.RTM. G3000SW column in 300 mM NaCl, 50 mM KH2PO4/K2HPO4, pH 7.5 on an Dionex HPLC system or to a Superdex.RTM. 200 column (GE Healthcare) in 2.times.PBS on a Dionex HPLC-System. The eluted protein was quantified by UV absorbance and integration of peak areas. BioRad Gel Filtration Standard 151-1901 served as a standard.

Mass Spectrometry

[0158] The total deglycosylated mass of antibodies was determined and confirmed via electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Briefly, 100 .mu.g purified antibodies were deglycosylated with 50 mU N-Glycosidase F (PNGaseF, ProZyme) in 100 mM KH2PO4/K2HPO4, pH 7 at 37.degree. C. for 12-24 h at a protein concentration of up to 2 mg/ml and subsequently desalted via HPLC on a Sephadex G25 column (GE Healthcare). The mass of the respective heavy and light chains was determined by ESI-MS after deglycosylation and reduction. In brief, 50 .mu.g antibody in 115 .mu.l were incubated with 60 .mu.l 1M TCEP and 50 .mu.l 8 M Guanidinium-hydrochloride subsequently desalted. The total mass and the mass of the reduced heavy and light chains was determined via ESI-MS on a Q-Star.RTM. Elite MS system equipped with a NanoMate.RTM. source.

ANG-1 and ANG-2 Binding ELISA

[0159] The binding properties of antibodies directed against ANGPTs (Angiopoietin 1 or 2) were evaluated in an ELISA assay with full-length Angiopoietin-2-His protein (R&D Systems #623-AN/CF or in house produced material) or Angiopoietin-1-His (R&D systems #923-AN). Therefore 96 well plates (Falcon.TM. polystyrene clear enhanced microtiter plates or Nunc Maxisorp.RTM.) were coated with 100 .mu.l 1 .mu.g/mL recombinant human Angiopoietin-1 or Angiopoietin-2 (carrier-free) in PBS (Sigma) for 2 h at room temperature or over night at 4.degree. C. The wells were washed three times with 300 .mu.l PBST (0.2% Tween.RTM. 20) and blocked with 200 .mu.l 2% BSA 0.1% Tween.RTM. 20 for 30 min at room temperature and subsequently washed three times with 300 .mu.l PBST. 100 .mu.L/well of a dilution series (40 pM-0.01 pM) of purified test antibody against <ANG-2> and as a reference Mab536 (Oliner, J., et al., Cancer Cell. Nov. 6 (2004) 507-16, US 2006/0122370) in PBS was added to the wells and incubated for 1 h on a microtiterplate shaker at room temperature. The wells were washed three times with 300 .mu.l PBST (0.2% Tween.RTM. 20) and bound antibody was detected with 100 .mu.L/well 0.1 .mu.g/ml F(ab') <hk>POD (Biozol Cat. No. 206005) in 2% BSA 0.1% Tween.RTM. 20 as detection antibody for 1 h on a microtiterplate shaker at room temperature. Unbound detection antibody was washed away three times with 300 .mu.L/well PBST and the bound detection antibody was detected by addition of 100 .mu.l ABTS/well. Determination of absorbance was performed on a Tecan Fluor Spectrometer at a measurement wavelength of 405 nm (reference wavelength 492 nm).

ANG-2 Binding BIACORE

[0160] Binding of the antibodies to the antigen e.g. human ANG-2 were investigated by surface plasmon resonance using a BIACORE T100 instrument (GE Healthcare Biosciences AB, Uppsala, Sweden). Briefly, for affinity measurements goat<hIgG-Fcgamma> polyclonal antibodies were immobilized on a CM4 chip via amine coupling for presentation of the antibodies against human ANG-2. Binding was measured in HBS buffer (HBS-P (10 mM HEPES, 150 mM NaCl, 0.05% Tween.RTM. 20, ph 7.4), 25.degree. C. Purified ANG-2-His (R&D systems or in house purified) was added in various concentrations between 0.41 nM and 200 nM in solution. Association was measured by an ANG-2-injection of 3 minutes; dissociation was measured by washing the chip surface with HBS buffer for 5 minutes and a KD value was estimated using a 1:1 Langmuir binding model. Due to heterogenity of the ANG-2 preparation no 1:1 binding could be observed; KD values are thus only relative estimations. Negative control data (e.g. buffer curves) were subtracted from sample curves for correction of system intrinsic baseline drift and for noise signal reduction. Biacore.RTM. T100 Evaluation Software version 1.1.1 was used for analysis of sensorgrams and for calculation of affinity data. Alternatively, Ang-2 could be captured with a capture level of 2000-1700 RU via a PentaHisAntibody (PentaHis-Ab BSA-free, Qiagen No. 34660) that was immobilized on a CM5 chip via amine coupling (BSA-free) (see below).

Inhibition of huANG-2 Binding to Tie-2 (ELISA)

[0161] The interaction ELISA was performed on 384 well microtiter plates (MicroCoat, DE, Cat. No. 464718) at RT. After each incubation step plates were washed 3 times with PBST. ELISA plates were coated with 0.5 .mu.g/ml Tie-2 protein (R&D Systems, UK, Cat. No. 313-TI) for at least 2 hours (h). Thereafter the wells were blocked with PBS supplemented with 0.2% Tween.RTM. 20 and 2% BSA (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, DE) for 1 h. Dilutions of purified antibodies in PBS were incubated together with 0.2 .mu.g/ml huAngiopoietin-2 (R&D Systems, UK, Cat. No. 623-AN) for 1 h at RT. After washing a mixture of 0.5 .mu.g/ml biotinylated anti-Angiopoietin-2 clone BAM0981 (R&D Systems, UK) and 1:3000 diluted streptavidin HRP (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, DE, Cat. No. 11089153001) was added for 1 h. Thereafter the plates were washed 6 times with PBST. Plates were developed with freshly prepared ABTS reagent (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, DE, buffer #204 530 001, tablets #11 112 422 001) for 30 minutes at RT. Absorbance was measured at 405 nm.

Inhibition of huANG-1 Binding to Tie-2 (ELISA)

[0162] The interaction ELISA was performed on 384 well microtiter plates (MaxiSorp.RTM. Nunc#442768) at RT. After each incubation step plates were washed 3 times with PBST. ELISA plates were coated with 0.5 .mu.g/ml Tie-2 protein (R&D Systems, UK, Cat. No. 313-TI or in house produced material) for at least 2 hours (h). Thereafter the wells were blocked with PBS supplemented with 0.2% Tween.RTM. 20 and 2% BSA (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, DE) for 1 h. Dilutions of purified antibodies in PBS were incubated together with 0.2 .mu.g/ml huAngiopoietin-1 (R&D Systems #923-AN/CF or in house produced material) for 1 h at RT. After washing a mixture of 0.5 .mu.g/ml biotinylated anti-Angiopoietin-1 clone (R&D Systems #BAF923) and 1:3000 diluted streptavidin HRP (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, DE, Cat. No. 11089153001) was added for 1 h. Thereafter the plates were washed 6 times with PBST. Plates were developed with freshly prepared ABTS reagent (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, DE, buffer #204 530 001, tablets #11 112 422 001) for 30 minutes at RT. Absorbance was measured at 405 nm.

Generation of HEK293-Tie2 Cell Line

[0163] In order to determine the interference of Angiopoietin-2 antibodies with ANGPT2 stimulated Tie2 phosphorylation and binding of ANGPT2 to Tie2 on cells a recombinant HEK293-Tie cell line was generated. Briefly, a pcDNA3 based plasmid (RB22-pcDNA3 Topo hTie2) coding for full-length human Tie2 (SEQ ID 61) under control of a CMV promoter and a Neomycin resistance marker was transfected using FuGENE.RTM. (Roche Applied Science) as transfection reagent into HEK293 cells (ATCC.RTM.) and resistant cells were selected in DMEM 10% FCS, 500 .mu.g/ml G418. Individual clones were isolated via a cloning cylinder, and subsequently analyzed for Tie2 expression by FACS. Clone 22 was identified as clone with high and stable Tie2 expression even in the absence of G418 (HEK293-Tie2 clone22). HEK293-Tie2 clone22 was subsequently used for cellular assays: ANGPT2 induced Tie2 phosphorylation and ANGPT2 cellular ligand binding assay.

ANGPT2 Induced Tie2 Phosphorylation Assay

[0164] Inhibition of ANGPT2 induced Tie2 phosphorylation by ANGPT2 antibodies was measured according to the following assay principle. HEK293-Tie2 clone22 was stimulated with ANGPT2 for 5 minutes in the absence or presence of ANGPT2 antibody and P-Tie2 was quantified by a sandwich ELISA. Briefly, 2.times.105 HEK293-Tie2 clone 22 cells per well were grown over night on a Poly-D-Lysine coated 96 well-microtiter plate in 100 .mu.l DMEM, 10% FCS, 500 .mu.g/ml Geneticin. The next day a titration row of ANGPT2 antibodies was prepared in a microtiter plate (4-fold concentrated, 75 .mu.l final volume/well, duplicates) and mixed with 75 .mu.l of an ANGPT2 (R&D systems #623-AN] dilution (3.2 .mu.g/ml as 4-fold concentrated solution). Antibodies and ANGPT2 were pre-incubated for 15 min at room temperature. 100 .mu.l of the mix were added to the HEK293-Tie2 clone 22 cells (pre-incubated for 5 min with 1 mM NaV3O4, Sigma #S6508) and incubated for 5 min at 37.degree. C. Subsequently, cells were washed with 200 .mu.l ice-cold PBS+1 mM NaV3O4 per well and lysed by addition of 120 .mu.l lysis buffer (20 mM Tris, pH 8.0, 137 mM NaCl, 1% NP-40, 10% glycerol, 2 mM EDTA, 1 mM NaV3O4, 1 mM PMSF and 10 .mu.g/ml Aprotinin) per well on ice. Cells were lysed for 30 min at 4.degree. C. on a microtiter plate shaker and 100 .mu.l lysate were transferred directly into a p-Tie2 ELISA microtiter plate (R&D Systems, R&D #DY990) without previous centrifugation and without total protein determination. P-Tie2 amounts were quantified according to the manufacturer's instructions and IC50 values for inhibition were determined using XLfit4 analysis plug-in for Excel (Dose-response one site, model 205). IC50 values can be compared within on experiment but might vary from experiment to experiment.

ANGPT1 Induced Tie2 Phosphorylation Assay

[0165] Inhibition of ANGPT1 induced Tie2 phosphorylation by ANGPT1 antibodies was measured according to the following assay principle. HEK293-Tie2 clone22 was stimulated with ANGPT1 for 5 minutes in the absence or presence of ANGPT1 antibody and P-Tie2 was quantified by a sandwich ELISA. Briefly, 2.times.105 HEK293-Tie2 clone 22 cells per well were grown over night on a Poly-D-Lysine coated 96 well-microtiter plate in 100 .mu.l DMEM, 10% FCS, 500 .mu.g/ml Geneticin. The next day a titration row of ANGPT1 antibodies was prepared in a microtiter plate (4-fold concentrated, 75 .mu.l final volume/well, duplicates) and mixed with 75 .mu.l of an ANGPT1 (R&D systems #923-AN] dilution (0.8 .mu.g/ml as 4-fold concentrated solution). Antibodies and ANGPT1 were pre-incubated for 15 min at room temperature. 100 .mu.l of the mix were added to the HEK293-Tie2 clone 22 cells (pre-incubated for 5 min with 1 mM NaV3O4, Sigma #S6508) and incubated for 5 min at 37.degree. C. Subsequently, cells were washed with 200 .mu.l ice-cold PBS+1 mM NaV3O4 per well and lysed by addition of 120 .mu.l lysis buffer (20 mM Tris, pH 8.0, 137 mM NaCl, 1% NP-40, 10% glycerol, 2 mM EDTA, 1 mM NaV3O4, 1 mM PMSF and 10 .mu.g/ml Aprotinin) per well on ice. Cells were lysed for 30 min at 4.degree. C. on a microtiter plate shaker and 100 .mu.l lysate were transferred directly into a p-Tie2 ELISA microtiter plate (R&D Systems, R&D #DY990) without previous centrifugation and without total protein determination. P-Tie2 amounts were quantified according to the manufacturer's instructions and IC50 values for inhibition were determined using XLfit4 analysis plug-in for Excel (Dose-response one site, model 205). IC50 values can be compared within on experiment but might vary from experiment to experiment.

Example 1

Expression & Purification of Monoclonal <ANG-2> Antibodies Ang2i-LC06, Ang2i-LCO7 and Ang2k-LCO8

[0166] Light and heavy chains of the corresponding antibodies Ang2i-LC06, Ang2i-LCO7 and Ang2k-LCO8 were constructed in expression vectors as described above. The heavy chain and the kappa light was cloned in a genomic expression cassette, whereas the lambda light chain was cloned as cDNA with intron A (FIG. 1B). The plasmids were amplified in E. coli, purified, and subsequently transfected for transient expression of recombinant proteins in HEK293-F cells (utilizing Invitrogen's FreeStyle.TM. 293 system). After 7 days, HEK 293-F cell supernatants were harvested, filtered and the antibodies were purified by protein A and size exclusion chromatography. Homogeneity of all antibodies was confirmed by SDS-PAGE under non reducing and reducing conditions and analytical size exclusion chromatography. Under reducing conditions (FIG. 1), polypeptide heavy chains of <ANG-2> antibodies showed upon SDS-PAGE apparent molecular sizes of ca. 50 kDa analogous to the calculated molecular weights, polypeptide light chains showed apparent molecular masses of 25 kDa according to their predicted size. Mass spectrometry confirmed the identity of the purified antibodies. Expression levels of all constructs were analyzed by Protein A HPLC.

[0167] Size exclusion chromatography analysis of the purified. All antibodies were prepared and analytically characterized analogously to the procedure described. The SEC data of the corresponding antibodies were summarized in the table below.

TABLE-US-00001 Theoretical Experimental Antibody mass mass SEC (%) chain (Da) (Da) main peak <ANG-2>Ang- HC 50343 50325 (pyro-Glu) 99.7% 2i_LC07 LC 22738 22720 (pyro-Glu) <ANG-2>Ang- HC 50343 50325 (pyro-Glu) 99.8% 2i_LC06 LC 22620 22605 (pyro-Glu) <ANG-2>Ang- HC 49544 49527 (pyro-Glu) 99.8% 2k_LC08 LC 22685 22667 (pyro-Glu)

Example 2

ELISA Binding Assay to Human ANG-1 and to Human ANG-2

[0168] The binding of <ANG-2> antibodies Ang2i-LC06, Ang2i-LCO7 and Ang2k-LCO8 to human ANG-1 and human ANG-2 was determined in an ANG-1 or ANG-2 binding ELISA as described above. Briefly, the ELISA-type assay is based on the immobilization of human wild-type Angiopoietin-1 or -2 in a microtiter plate. Binding of an antibody directed against the immobilized ANG-1 or ANG-2 is measured via an<human Fc> (anti-IgG) antibody with a POD conjugate. A dilution series of the <ANG-2> antibody allows determining an EC50 concentration. As a reference the human anti-ANG-2 antibody <ANG-2> antibody Mab536 (Oliner et al., Cancer Cell. Nov. 6 (2004) 507-16, US 2006/0122370) was used. The determined EC50 concentrations are summarized in the table below.

TABLE-US-00002 hANG-1 binding hANG-2 binding Antibody EC50 EC50 <ANG-2>MAb536 2538 ng/mL 133 ng/mL <ANG-2>Ang2i-LC06 >8000 ng/mL 84 ng/mL <ANG-2>Ang2i-LC07 >8000 ng/mL 3006 ng/mL <ANG-2>Ang2i-LC08 4044 ng/mL 105 ng/mL

[0169] All antibodies binds specifically to ANG-2. MAb536 and Ang2k-LCO8 show also specific binding towards ANG-1, whereas Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2i-LCO7 do not specifically bind to ANG-1 as they have an EC50-value of above 8000 ng/ml (detection limit).

Example 3

Binding to ANG-2 Via Biacore

[0170] The affinity for binding to human ANGPT2 was examined with a Biacore.RTM. assay as describes above. Briefly, is this assay a capturing antibody (anti-Fc) is immobilized to the surface of the Biacore.RTM. chip, which captures and presents the corresponding antibody (for example Ang2i-LC06). The ligand (here ANGPT2) is captured from solution. The affinity for this interaction is determined with the assumption of a 1:1 interaction. Details of this experiment can be found in the general methods section. The affinities determined for ANGPT2-binding (KD) are summarized in the table below.

TABLE-US-00003 Average (from Experiment 1 Experiment 2 1 + 2) KD t.sub.(1/2)diss KD t.sub.(1/2)diss KD t.sub.(1/2)diss hAng-2 (pM) kd (1/s) (min) (pM) kd (1/s) (min) (pM) (min) Ang2i- 11 7.16E-05 161 21 1.14E-04 102 16 132 LC06 Ang2k- 16 1.61E-04 72 27 2.28E-04 51 22 61 LC08 MAb536 29 1.44E-04 80 29 1.25E-04 92 29 86

[0171] The antibodies Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2k bind with high affinity to ANGPT2.

Example 4

Neutralization of ANGPT1/2-Tie2 Interaction (Human)

[0172] Blocking of human ANGPT1/2/human Tie2 interaction was shown by receptor interaction ELISA. 384-well Maxisorp.RTM. plates (Nunc) were coated with 0.5 .mu.g/ml human Tie2 (R&D Systems, UK, Cat. No. 313-TI or in house produced material) for 2 h at room temperature and blocked with PBS supplemented with 0.2% Tween.RTM. 20 and 2% BSA (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, DE) for 1 h at room temperature under shaking. In the meantime, Dilutions of purified antibodies in PBS were incubated together with 0.2 .mu.g/ml huAngiopoietin-1/2 (R&D Systems #923-AN/CF, R&D Systems, UK, Cat. No. 623-AN or in house produced material) for 1 h at RT. After washing a mixture of 0.5 .mu.g/ml biotinylated anti-Angiopoietin-1/2 clone (R&D Systems #BAF923, BAM0981 R&D Systems, UK) and 1:3000 diluted streptavidin HRP (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, DE, Cat. No. 11089153001) was added for 1 h. Thereafter the plates were washed 6 times with PBST. Plates were developed with freshly prepared ABTS reagent (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, DE, buffer #204 530 001, tablets #11 112 422 001) for 30 minutes at RT. Absorbance was measured at 405 nm.

[0173] The obtained inhibitory concentrations are summarized in the following table.

TABLE-US-00004 ANGPT1/Tie2 ANGPT2/Tie2 Antibody interaction ELISA interaction ELISA Ang2i-LC06 >100 nM 0.1 nM Ang2k-LC08 11 nM 0.17 nM MAb536 n.d. 0.15 nM

[0174] The table above shows different selectivity profiles for the two antibodies Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2k-LC08. Ang2i-LCO6 is ANGPT2 selective, whereas Ang2k-LCO8 is ANGPT1/2 cross reactive in inhibition for ANGPT1/2 Tie2 interaction.

Example 5

Tie2 Phosphorylation

[0175] The ability of the identified ANGPT2 antibodies to interfere with ANGPT2 and ANGPT1 mediated Tie2 phosphorylation was examined in the ANGPT2 and ANGPT1 induced Tie2 phosphorylation assays as described above. A schematic representation of the assay setup is depicted in FIG. 3.

[0176] Both antibodies Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2k-LCO8 showed a dose-dependent interference with ANGPT2 stimulated Tie2 phosphorylation as shown in FIG. 4 with comparable IC50 values. Ang2i-LCO6 interfered with ANGPT2 stimulated Tie2 phosphorylation with a IC50 value of approx. 508 ng/ml and Ang2k-LCO8 interfered with ANGPT2 stimulated Tie2 phosphorylation with a IC50 value of approx. 499 ng/ml. In contrast, only Ang2k-LCO8 interfered with ANGPT1 stimulated Tie2 phosphorylation with a IC50 value of approx. 391 ng/ml whereas Ang2i-LCO6 did not interfere with ANGPT2 stimulated Tie2 phosphorylation in the same tested concentration range (FIG. 5).

Example 6

In Vivo Efficacy

Effect of Anti ANGPT Antibodies on Colo205 Xenograft Growth

[0177] In vivo efficacy of <ANGPT2> antibodies Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2k-LCO8 in comparison to <ANGPT2> Mab536 in staged subcutaneous Colo205 xenograft model

[0178] The purified Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2k-LCO8 antibodies were compared to the antibody Mab536 in the staged subcutaneous Colo205 xenograft model (Ang2_PZ_Colo205.sub.--006) in female SCID beige mice.

[0179] Antibodies: Mab536 was provided as frozen stock solution (c=4.5 mg/mL), Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2k-LCO8 were provided as frozen stock solution (c=1 mg/mL) in 20 mM Histidine, 140 mM NaCl, pH 6.0. Antibody solution was diluted appropriately in PBS from stock prior injections where required and PBS was applied as vehicle. The humanized IgG1 anti-IgE antibody Xolair.RTM. (omalizumab) served as positive control and was bought from a pharmacy.

[0180] Cell lines and culture conditions: Colo205 human colorectal cancer cells were originally obtained from ATCC.RTM. and after expansion deposited in the Roche Penzberg internal cell bank. Tumor cell line was routinely cultured in RPMI 1640 medium (PAA, Laboratories, Austria) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (PAA Laboratories, Austria) and 2 mM L-glutamine, at 37.degree. C. in a water-saturated atmosphere at 5% CO2. Passage 3 was used for transplantation.

[0181] Animals: Female SCID beige mice (purchased from Charles River Germany) were maintained under specific-pathogen-free condition with daily cycles of 12 h light/12 h darkness according to committed guidelines (GV-Solas; Felasa; TierschG). Experimental study protocol was reviewed and approved by local government. After arrival animals were maintained in the quarantine part of the animal facility for one week to get accustomed to new environment and for observation. Continuous health monitoring was carried out on regular basis. Diet food (Provimi Kliba 3337) and water (acidified pH 2.5-3) were provided ad libitum. Age of mice at start of the study was about 12-14 weeks.

[0182] Monitoring: Animals were controlled daily for clinical symptoms and detection of adverse effects. For monitoring throughout the experiment body weight of animals was documented and tumor volume was measured by caliper after staging.

[0183] Tumor cell injection: At day of injection Colo205 cells were centrifuged, washed once and resuspended in PBS. After an additional washing with PBS cell concentration and cell size were determined using a cell counter and analyzer system (Vi-CELL, Beckman Coulter). For injection of Colo205 cells, the final titer was adjusted to 5.0.times.10E7 cells/ml, viability ca. 90%. Subsequently 100 .mu.l of this suspension corresponding to 2.5*106 cells per animal was injected s.c. into the right flank of the mice.

[0184] Treatment of animals: Animal treatment started at day of randomisation, 16 days after cell transplantation (study Ang2_PZ_Colo205.sub.--006) at a mean tumor volume of 178 mm3.

[0185] Dose schedule of study Ang2PZ_Colo205.sub.--006:

TABLE-US-00005 Cumu- lative dose No of Dose Route/Mode of No of (mg/ Group animals Compound (mg/kg) administration treatments kg) 1 10 Vehicle i.p. once weekly 5 2 10 Xolair .RTM. 10 i.p. once weekly 5 50 3 10 Ang2i- 10 i.p. once weekly 5 50 LC06 5 10 Ang2k- 10 i.p. once weekly 5 50 LC08 6 10 MAB536 10 i.p. once weekly 5 50

[0186] Tumor growth inhibition until Day 50 is shown in FIG. 6. The data show that the ANGPT2 selective antibody Ang2i-LCO6 was the most active antibody (Tumor control ration (TCR) value 0.39). Ang2i-LCO6 was more efficacious in inhibiting tumor growth than antibody MAb536 (TCR value 0.47) and the ANGPT2 selective, ANGPT1 cross-reactive antibody Ang2k-LCO8 (TCR value 0.46).

Effect of Anti ANGPT Antibodies on KPL-4 Xenograft Growth

[0187] In vivo efficacy of <ANGPT2> antibodies Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2k-LCO8 in comparison to <ANGPT2> Mab536 in staged orthotopic KPL-4 xenograft model. The purified Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2k-LCO8 antibodies were compared to the antibody Mab536 in the staged orthotopic KPL-4 xenograft model (Ang2_PZ_KPL-4.sub.--002) in female SCID beige mice.

[0188] Antibodies: Mab536 was provided as frozen stock solution (c=4.5 mg/mL), Ang2i-LCO6 and Ang2k-LCO8 were provided as frozen stock solution (c=1 mg/mL) in 20 mM Histidine, 140 mM NaCl, pH 6.0. Antibody solution was diluted appropriately in PBS from stock prior injections where required and PBS was applied as vehicle.

[0189] Cell lines and culture conditions: KPL-4 human breast cancer cells were originally established from the malignant pleural effusion of a breast cancer patient with an inflammatory skin metastasis. KPL-4 cells were kindly provided by Prof. J. Kurebayashi (Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan). Tumor cells were routinely cultured in DMEM medium (PAN Biotech, Germany) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (PAN Biotech, Germany) and 2 mM L-glutamine (PAN Biotech, Germany) at 37.degree. C. in a water-saturated atmosphere at 5% CO2. Culture passage was performed with trypsin/EDTA 1.times.(PAN) splitting three times/week.

[0190] Animals: Female SCID beige mice (purchased from Charles River Germany) were maintained under specific-pathogen-free condition with daily cycles of 12 h light/12 h darkness according to committed guidelines (GV-Solas; Felasa; TierschG). Experimental study protocol was reviewed and approved by local government. After arrival animals were maintained in the quarantine part of the animal facility for one week to get accustomed to new environment and for observation. Continuous health monitoring was carried out on regular basis. Diet food (Provimi Kliba 3337) and water (acidified pH 2.5-3) were provided ad libitum. Age of mice at start of the study was about 12 weeks.

[0191] Monitoring: Animals were controlled daily for clinical symptoms and detection of adverse effects. For monitoring throughout the experiment body weight of animals was documented and tumor volume was measured by caliper after staging.

[0192] Tumor cell injection: At the day of injection tumor cells were harvested (trypsin-EDTA) from culture flasks (Greiner TriFlask) and transferred into 50 ml culture medium, washed once and resuspended in PBS. After an additional washing step with PBS and filtration (cell strainer; Falcon.TM.; 100 .mu.m) the final cell titer was adjusted to 1.5.times.108/ml. Tumor cell suspension was carefully mixed with transfer pipette to avoid cell aggregation. Anesthesia was performed using a Stephens's inhalation unit for small animals with preincubation chamber (plexiglas), individual mouse nose-mask (silicon) and not flammable or explosive anesthesia compound Isoflurane (Pharmacia-Upjohn, Germany) in a closed circulation system. Two days before injection coat of the animals were shaved. For i.m.f.p. injection cells were injected orthotopically at a volume of 20 .mu.l (3*106/animal) into the right penultimate inguinal mammary fat pad of each anesthetized mouse. For the orthotopic implantation, the cell suspension was injected through the skin under the nipple using a using a Hamilton microliter syringe and a 30G.times.1/2'' needle.

[0193] Treatment of animals started at day of randomization with tumors ranging from 60-180 mm 3.35 days after cell transplantation (study Ang2_PZ_KPL-4.sub.--002) at a mean tumor volume of ca. 90 mm3.

[0194] Dose schedule of study Ang2PZ_KPL-4.sub.--002:

TABLE-US-00006 Cumu- lative dose No of Dose Route/Mode of No of (mg/ Group animals Compound (mg/kg) administration treatments kg) 1 10 Vehicle i.p. once weekly 5 2 10 Xolair .RTM. 10 i.p. once weekly 5 50 3 10 Ang2i- 10 i.p. once weekly 5 50 LC06 5 10 Ang2k- 10 i.p. once weekly 5 50 LC08 6 10 MAB536 10 i.p. once weekly 5 50

[0195] Tumor growth inhibition until day 64 is shown in FIG. 7. The data show that the ANGPT2 selective antibody Ang2i-LCO6 was the most active antibody (TCR value 0.55) in the KPL-4 model. Ang2i-LCO6 was more efficacious in inhibiting tumor growth than antibody MAb536 (TCR value 0.57) and the ANGPT2 selective, ANGPT1 cross-reactive antibody Ang2k-LCO8 (TCR value 0.57).

Example 7

Binding to ANG-1 Via Biacore

[0196] The affinity for binding to human ANG-1 was examined with a Biacore.RTM. assay: huAng-1 was immobilized on a CM5 biosensorchip using amine-coupling chemistry. The protein was injected for 20 min in sodium acetate pH 4.5 at 10 .mu.g/ml at a flow rate of 5 .mu.l/min. This resulted in a surface density of appr. 20000 RU. On the reference flow cell BSA was immobilized under the same conditions. The antibodies were diluted in HBS-P to 100 nM and injected for 3 min (association phase). After washing with running buffer for 3 min (dissociation phase), the surface was regenerated by injecting 10 mM sodium hydroxide for 1 min at 5 .mu.l/min. Results are shown in FIG. 8: Ang2k_LCO8 had a halftime of complex dissociation of approximately 50s, Ang2i_LCO6 of appr. 5s and Ang2i_LC10 showed no binding to ANG-1.

Example 8

Prevention of Metastasis/Secondary Tumors In Vivo in Bearing Primary Tumors

[0197] a) Prevention of Metastasis/Secondary in Mice Xenografted with Primary Colo205 Tumors Cell Lines and Culture Conditions:

[0198] Colo205 human colorectal cancer cells were originally obtained from ATCC.RTM. and after expansion deposited in the Roche Penzberg internal cell bank. Tumor cell line was routinely cultured in RPMI 1640 medium (PAA, Laboratories, Austria) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (PAA Laboratories, Austria) and 2 mM L-glutamine, at 37.degree. C. in a water-saturated atmosphere at 5% CO.sub.2. Passage 3 was used for transplantation.

Animals:

[0199] Female SCID beige mice; age 4-5 weeks at arrival (purchased from Charles River Germany) were maintained under specific-pathogen-free condition with daily cycles of 12 h light/12 h darkness according to committed guidelines (GV-Solas; Felasa; TierschG). Experimental study protocol was reviewed and approved by local government. After arrival animals were maintained in the quarantine part of the animal facility for one week to get accustomed to new environment and for observation. Continuous health monitoring was carried out on regular basis. Diet food (Provimi Kliba 3337) and water (acidified pH 2.5-3) were provided ad libitum. Age of mice at start of the study was about 10 weeks.

Tumor Cell Injection:

[0200] At the day of injection, Colo205 tumor cells were harvested (trypsin-EDTA) from culture flasks (Greiner) and transferred into 50 ml culture medium, washed once and resuspended in PBS. After an additional washing step with PBS and filtration (cell strainer; Falcon.TM. 100 .mu.m) the final cell titer was adjusted to 2.5.times.10.sup.7/ml. Tumor cell suspension was carefully mixed with transfer pipette to avoid cell aggregation. After this, cell suspension was filled into a 1.0 ml tuberculin syringe (Braun Melsungen) using a wide needle (1.10.times.40 mm); for injection needle size was changed (0.45.times.25 mm) and for every injection a new needle was used. Anesthesia was performed using a Stephens inhalation unit for small animals with preincubation chamber (plexiglas), individual mouse nose-mask (silicon) and not flammable or explosive anesthesia compound Isoflurane (cp-pharma) in a closed circulation system. Two days before injection coat of the animals were shaved and for cell injection skin of anaesthetized animals was carefully lifted up with an anatomic forceps and 100 .mu.l cell suspension (=2.5.times.10.sup.6 cells) was injected subcutaneously in the right flank of the animals. Tumor growth of the primary tumors was monitored (data not shown)

Monitoring of Secondary Tumors e.g. in the Lung by Quantification of Human Alu Sequences

[0201] At study termination (day 103) lungs were collected from animals of all groups. Briefly, samples are transferred immediately into fluid nitrogen. In a further step total DNA was isolated from the samples with MagNA Pure.RTM. LC Instrument according to manufacturer's instructions. Human Alu specific primers were chosen for selective amplification of Alu sequences by quantitative PCR (LightCycler.RTM. instrument). (T. Schneider et. al., Clin. Exp. Metas. 2002; 19: 571-582).

Treatment of Animals

[0202] Treatment of animals with Avastin.RTM. (10 mg/kg i.p. once weekly) was started 14 days after cell transplantation (study Ang2_PZ_Colo205.sub.--008) at a mean tumor volume of 340 mm.sup.3. After 7 weeks mice were randomized for subsequent secondary treatment starting at day 51 with compounds listed in table below. Secondary treatment starting at day 51 of Study Ang2PZ_Colo205.sub.--008.

TABLE-US-00007 Cumu- lative Route/Mode No of dose No of Com- Dose of adminis- treat- (mg/ Group animals pound (mg/kg) tration ments kg) 10 Avastin .RTM. 10 mg/kg i.p. 11 110 once weekly 10 LC06 + 10 mg/kg i.p. once weekly 6 60 Avastin .RTM. 10 mg/kg i.p. once weekly 11 110 10 LC06 10 mg/kg i.p. 6 60 once weekly

Results of Prevention of Metastasis/Secondary Tumors (in the Lung) are Listed in the Table Below and Shown in FIG. 9A

TABLE-US-00008 [0203] TABLE 1 Quantification of human ALU DNA in the lungs of mice originally bearing primary Colo205 tumors, after treatment with different antibodies Avastin .RTM. + Avastin Ang2i-LC06 Ang2i_LC06 101 0.0264 201 0.0042 301 0.0047 102 5.6740 202 0.0044 302 0.0055 103 0.0307 203 0.0065 303 0.0050 104 0.0203 204 0.0081 304 0.0064 105 0.0215 205 0.0063 305 0.0062 106 0.0338 206 0.0061 306 0.0066 107 0.0075 207 0.0053 307 0.0250 108 0.0113 208 0.0506 308 0.0062 109 0.0087 209 0.0065 309 0.0067 110 0.0587 210 0.0160 310 0.0064 mean 0.5893 0.0114 0.0079 median 0.0240 0.0064 0.0063

Results show a clearly improved prevention of secondary tumors/metastasis by ANG2i-LCO6 compared with Avastin.RTM. b) Prevention of Metastasis/Secondary in Mice Xenografted with Primary KPL-4 Tumors

Tumor Cell Line

[0204] The human breast cancer cell line KPL-4 (kindly provided by Prof. J. Kurebayashi) has been established from the malignant pleural effusion of a breast cancer patient with an inflammatory skin metastasis. Tumor cells are routinely cultured in DMEM medium (PAN Biotech, Germany) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (PAN Biotech, Germany) and 2 mM L-glutamine (PAN Biotech, Germany) at 37.degree. C. in a water-saturated atmosphere at 5% CO.sub.2. Culture passage is performed with trypsin/EDTA 1.times.(PAN) splitting three times/week.

Mice

[0205] After arrival, female SCID beige mice (age 10-12 weeks; body weight 18-20 g) Charles River, Sulzfeld, Germany) were maintained in the quarantine part of the animal facility for one week to get them accustomed to the new environment and for observation. Continuous health monitoring was carried out. The mice were kept under SPF-conditions according to the international guidelines (GV-Solas; Felasa; TierschG) with daily cycles of 12 h light/12 h darkness. Diet food (Kliba Provimi 3347) and water (filtered) were provided ad libitum. Experimental study protocol was reviewed and approved by the local government (Regierung von Oberbayern; registration no. 211.2531.2-22/2003).

Tumor Cell Injection

[0206] At the day of injection tumor cells were harvested (trypsin-EDTA) from culture flasks (Greiner TriFlask) and transferred into 50 ml culture medium, washed once and resuspended in PBS. After an additional washing step with PBS and filtration (cell strainer; Falcon.TM. 100 .mu.m) the final cell titer was adjusted to 1.5.times.10.sup.8/ml. Tumor cell suspension was carefully mixed with transfer pipette to avoid cell aggregation. Anesthesia is performed using a Stephens inhalation unit for small animals with preincubation chamber (plexiglas), individual mouse nose-mask (silicon) and not flammable or explosive anesthesia compound Isoflurane (Pharmacia-Upjohn, Germany) in a closed circulation system. Two days before injection coat of the animals were shaved. For i.m.f.p. injection cells were injected orthotopically at a volume of 20 .mu.l into the right penultimate inguinal mammary fat pad of each anesthetized mouse. For the orthotopic implantation, the cell suspension was injected through the skin under the nipple using a using a Hamilton microliter syringe and a 30G.times.1/2'' needle. Tumor growth of the primary tumors was monitored (data not shown)

Monitoring of Secondary Tumors e.g. in the Lung by Quantification of Human Alu Sequences

[0207] At study termination (day 103) lungs were collected from animals of all groups. Briefly, samples are transferred immediately into fluid nitrogen. In a further step total DNA was isolated from the samples with MagNA Pure.RTM. LC Instrument according to manufacturer's instructions. Human Alu specific primers were chosen for selective amplification of Alu sequences by quantitative PCR (LightCycler.RTM. instrument). (T. Schneider et. al., Clin. Exp. Metas. 2002; 19: 571-582)

Treatment of Animals

[0208] Treatment of animals was started 35 days after cell transplantation at a mean tumor volume of 60-160 mm.sup.3. Compounds and dose schedule is listed in the table below.

TABLE-US-00009 Route/Mode No of Cumulative No of Dose of adminis- treat- dose Group animals Compound (mg/kg) tration ments (mg/kg) 10 Vehicle i.p. twice 5 weekly 10 Xolair .RTM. 10 i.p. twice 5 50 weekly 10 Ang2i_LC06 10 i.p. once 4 40 weekly 10 Ang2i_LC07 10 i.p. once 4 40 weekly 10 Ang2k_LC08 10 i.p. once 4 40 weekly

Results of prevention of metastasis/secondary tumors (in the lung) are listed in the table below and shown in FIG. 9B

TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 2 Quantification of human ALU DNA in the lungs of mice originally bearing primary KPL4 tumors, after treatment with different antibodies Vehicle Xolair .RTM. Ang2i_LC06 Ang2i_LC07 Ang2i_LC08 101 0.0098 201 0.0157 401 0.0273 501 0.0069 102 0.0090 202 0.0516 302 0.0076 402 0.0060 502 0.0261 103 0.0119 203 0.0108 303 0.0413 403 0.0046 503 0.0067 104 0.0405 204 0.0148 304 0.0042 404 0.0164 504 0.0044 205 0.0020 305 0.0041 405 0.0040 505 0.0039 106 0.0381 206 0.0340 306 0.0093 406 0.0044 506 0.0051 107 0.0281 207 0.0141 307 0.0038 407 0.0060 507 0.0037 208 0.0422 308 0.0044 408 0.0174 508 0.0037 109 0.0121 209 0.0227 309 0.0036 409 0.0314 509 0.0051 110 0.0143 210 0.0383 310 0.0094 410 0.0083 540 0.0200 median 0.0132 0.0192 0.0044 0.0072 0.0051 mean 0.0205 0.0246 0.0098 0.0126 0.0086

Results show a very efficient prevention of secondary tumors/metastasis by ANG2i-LC06, ANG2i-LC07, ANG2k-LC08.

Example 9

Effects in the Treatment of Retinopathy

Methods

[0209] C57/B16 pups are cross fostered to CD1 nursing dams and are exposed to 75% oxygen from P7 to P12 (PRO-OX 110 chamber oxygen controller, Biospherix Ltd, Redfield, N.Y.) which induces vessel obliteration and cessation of capillaries in the centre of the retina. The pups and nursing dams are placed in normal air leading to relative hypoxia and the induction of neovascularisation. On P13, pups were anaesthetised using isofluorane (5% induction, 3% maintenance combined with 1.5% oxygen) and the eye was exposed and 1 .mu.l intraocular injections using a Nanofil syringe fitted with a 35 gauge needle (WPI, Sarasota, Fla.) into the left eye was performed. On P17, both eyes were dissected, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 4 h at 4.degree. C. and retinas were dissected. Retinas were permeabilised in PBS containing 0.5% Triton X-100 and 1% bovine serum albumin, stained with 20 .mu.g/ml biotinylated isolectin B4 (Sigma Aldrich, Gillingham, UK) in PBS pH 6.8, 1% Triton-X100, 0.1 mM CaCl.sub.2, 0.1 mM MgCl.sub.2, followed by 20 .mu.g/ml ALEXA 488-streptavidin (Molecular Probes, Eugene, Oreg.) and flat mounted in Vectashield.RTM. (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, Calif.). Retinas were imaged using a Nikon epi-fluorescence microscope at 4.times. magnification. Quantification of neovascular and ischaemic areas were performed in a blinded fashion using Photoshop.RTM. CS3 along with Image J (NIH) and expressed as percentage of total retinal area (=normal+ischaemic+neovascular).

Results

[0210] FIG. 10A show representative flat mounted retinas with the retinal vasculature visualised by isolectin staining. The centre ischemic areas induce neovascularisation and re-growth of the retinal vessels by upregulation of angiogenic inducers. The neovascular front is hyperproliferative leading to tortuous vessels in an irregular vessel pattern. The most outer areas contain the normal unaffected vessels. Quantification of retinal flat mounts showed that inhibition of VEGF with Avastin.RTM. reduced retinal neovascularisation (see FIG. 10B, uninjected 36.7.+-.1.8% to injected 22.4.+-.3.0%) as expected Inhibition of Ang2 using antibodies LCO6 or LCO8 also led to a reduction in neovascularisation (31.5.+-.1.1% to 18.8.+-.1.3% and 34.0.+-.3.1% to 25.4.+-.3.4%). Control injection of human Ig G had no effect on neovascularisation (see FIG. 10B, 38.3.+-.1.1% to 38.3.+-.0.8%).

Sequence CWU 1

1

63120PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC06 1Ser Pro Asn Pro Tyr Tyr Tyr Asp Ser Ser Gly Tyr Tyr Tyr Pro Gly 1 5 10 15 Ala Phe Asp Ile 20 217PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC06 2Trp Ile Asn Pro Asn Ser Gly Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ala Gln Lys Phe Gln 1 5 10 15 Gly 35PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC06 3Gly Tyr Tyr Met His 1 5 411PRTArtificiallight chain CDR3, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC06 4Gln Val Trp Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp His Tyr Val 1 5 10 57PRTArtificiallight chain CDR2, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC06 5Asp Asp Ser Asp Arg Pro Ser 1 5 611PRTArtificiallight chain CDR1, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC06 6Gly Gly Asn Asn Ile Gly Ser Lys Ser Val His 1 5 10 7129PRTArtificialheavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC06 7Gln Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala 1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Gly Tyr 20 25 30 Tyr Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Met 35 40 45 Gly Trp Ile Asn Pro Asn Ser Gly Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ala Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Gln Gly Arg Val Thr Met Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Ile Ser Thr Ala Tyr 65 70 75 80 Met Glu Leu Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Asp Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Ser Pro Asn Pro Tyr Tyr Tyr Asp Ser Ser Gly Tyr Tyr Tyr 100 105 110 Pro Gly Ala Phe Asp Ile Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Met Val Thr Val Ser 115 120 125 Ser 8110PRTArtificiallight chain variable domain, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC06 8Gln Pro Gly Leu Thr Gln Pro Pro Ser Val Ser Val Ala Pro Gly Gln 1 5 10 15 Thr Ala Arg Ile Thr Cys Gly Gly Asn Asn Ile Gly Ser Lys Ser Val 20 25 30 His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ala Pro Val Leu Val Val Tyr 35 40 45 Asp Asp Ser Asp Arg Pro Ser Gly Ile Pro Glu Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser 50 55 60 Asn Ser Gly Asn Thr Ala Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Arg Val Glu Ala Gly 65 70 75 80 Asp Glu Ala Asp Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Val Trp Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp His 85 90 95 Tyr Val Phe Gly Thr Gly Thr Lys Val Thr Val Leu Gly Gln 100 105 110 920PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC07 9Ser Pro Asn Pro Tyr Tyr Tyr Asp Ser Ser Gly Tyr Tyr Tyr Pro Gly 1 5 10 15 Ala Phe Asp Ile 20 1017PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC07 10Trp Ile Asn Pro Asn Ser Gly Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ala Gln Lys Phe Gln 1 5 10 15 Gly 115PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC07 11Gly Tyr Tyr Met His 1 5 1211PRTArtificiallight chain CDR3, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC07 12Gln Val Trp Asp Ser Asp Ser Asp Gln Gly Val 1 5 10 137PRTArtificiallight chain CDR2, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC07 13Asp Asp Ser Glu Arg Pro Ser 1 5 1411PRTArtificiallight chain CDR1, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC07 14Gly Gly Asn Phe Ile Gly Gly Lys Ser Val His 1 5 10 15129PRTArtificialheavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC07 15Gln Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala 1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Gly Tyr 20 25 30 Tyr Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Met 35 40 45 Gly Trp Ile Asn Pro Asn Ser Gly Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ala Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Gln Gly Arg Val Thr Met Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Ile Ser Thr Ala Tyr 65 70 75 80 Met Glu Leu Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Asp Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Ser Pro Asn Pro Tyr Tyr Tyr Asp Ser Ser Gly Tyr Tyr Tyr 100 105 110 Pro Gly Ala Phe Asp Ile Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Met Val Thr Val Ser 115 120 125 Ser 16110PRTArtificiallight chain variable domain, <ANG-2>Ang2i_LC07 16Gln Pro Val Leu Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Val Ser Val Ala Pro Gly Glu 1 5 10 15 Thr Ala Arg Val Ala Cys Gly Gly Asn Phe Ile Gly Gly Lys Ser Val 20 25 30 His Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ala Pro Val Leu Val Ile Tyr 35 40 45 Asp Asp Ser Glu Arg Pro Ser Gly Ile Pro Glu Arg Ile Ser Gly Ser 50 55 60 Asn Ser Gly Asn Thr Ala Thr Leu Ile Ile Thr Arg Ala Glu Ala Gly 65 70 75 80 Asp Glu Ala Asp Tyr His Cys Gln Val Trp Asp Ser Asp Ser Asp Gln 85 90 95 Gly Val Phe Gly Thr Gly Thr Lys Leu Thr Val Leu Gly Gln 100 105 110 1715PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2>Ang2k_LC08 17Pro Thr Leu Asp Ile Tyr Met Gly Tyr Tyr Tyr Gly Met Asp Val 1 5 10 15 1817PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2>Ang2k_LC08 18Val Ile Ser Tyr Asp Gly Ser Asn Lys Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly 195PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2>Ang2k_LC08 19Ser Tyr Gly Met His 1 5 2011PRTArtificiallight chain CDR3, <ANG-2>Ang2k_LC08 20Ala Ala Trp Asp Asp Ser Leu Asn Gly Pro Val 1 5 10 217PRTArtificiallight chain CDR2, <ANG-2>Ang2k_LC08 21Asn Asn Asp Gln Arg Pro Ser 1 5 2213PRTArtificiallight chain CDR1, <ANG-2>Ang2k_LC08 22Ser Gly Phe Ala Ser Asn Ile Gly Ser Asn Ser Val Asn 1 5 10 23124PRTArtificialheavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC08 23Gln Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Val Val Gln Pro Gly Gly 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Gly Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Ala Val Ile Ser Tyr Asp Gly Ser Asn Lys Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ser Lys Asn Thr Leu Tyr 65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Lys Pro Thr Leu Asp Ile Tyr Met Gly Tyr Tyr Tyr Gly Met Asp 100 105 110 Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 120 24112PRTArtificiallight chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC08 24Gln Pro Val Leu Thr Gln Pro Pro Ser Ala Ser Gly Ala Pro Gly Gln 1 5 10 15 Arg Val Thr Ile Ser Cys Ser Gly Phe Ala Ser Asn Ile Gly Ser Asn 20 25 30 Ser Val Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Val Pro Gly Thr Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu 35 40 45 Ile Tyr Asn Asn Asp Gln Arg Pro Ser Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Ser 50 55 60 Gly Ser Arg Ser Gly Thr Ser Ala Ser Leu Ala Ile Ser Gly Leu Gln 65 70 75 80 Ser Glu Asp Glu Ala Asp Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Ala Trp Asp Asp Ser Leu 85 90 95 Asn Gly Pro Val Phe Gly Gly Gly Thr Lys Leu Thr Val Leu Gly Gln 100 105 110 257PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LC09 25Asp Leu Gly Tyr Asp Tyr Val 1 5 2619PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LC09 26Arg Ile Lys Ser Lys Thr Asp Gly Gly Thr Thr Asp Tyr Ala Ala Pro 1 5 10 15 Val Lys Gly 275PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LC09 27Asn Ala Trp Met Ser 1 5 287PRTArtificiallight chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LC09 28Met Gln Ala Leu Gln Ile Pro 1 5 297PRTArtificiallight chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LC09 29Leu Gly Ser Asn Arg Ala Ser 1 5 3016PRTArtificiallight chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LC09 30Arg Ser Ser Gln Ser Leu Leu His Ser Asn Gly Tyr Asn Tyr Leu Asp 1 5 10 15 31119PRTArtificialheavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LC09 31Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Gly 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Asn Ala 20 25 30 Trp Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Gly Arg Ile Lys Ser Lys Thr Asp Gly Gly Thr Thr Asp Tyr Ala Ala 50 55 60 Pro Val Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asp Ser Lys Asn Thr 65 70 75 80 Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Lys Thr Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr 85 90 95 Tyr Cys Thr Thr Asp Leu Gly Tyr Asp Tyr Val Trp Gly Ser Pro Gly 100 105 110 Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 32109PRTArtificiallight chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2s_LC09 32Gln Ser Pro Leu Ser Leu Pro Val Thr Pro Gly Glu Pro Ala Ser Ile 1 5 10 15 Ser Cys Arg Ser Ser Gln Ser Leu Leu His Ser Asn Gly Tyr Asn Tyr 20 25 30 Leu Asp Trp Tyr Leu Gln Lys Pro Gly Gln Ser Pro Gln Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Leu Gly Ser Asn Arg Ala Ser Gly Val Pro Asp Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Leu Lys Ile Ser Arg Val Glu Ala 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Val Gly Val Tyr Tyr Cys Met Gln Ala Leu Gln Ile Pro Phe 85 90 95 Thr Phe Gly Pro Gly Thr Lys Val Thr Val Leu Arg Thr 100 105 3320PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 33Ser Pro Asn Pro Tyr Tyr Tyr Asp Ser Ser Gly Tyr Tyr Tyr Pro Gly 1 5 10 15 Ala Phe Asp Ile 20 3417PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 34Trp Ile Asn Pro Asn Ser Gly Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ala Gln Lys Phe Gln 1 5 10 15 Gly 355PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 35Gly Tyr Tyr Met His 1 5 3611PRTArtificiallight chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 36Gln Val Trp Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp His Trp Val 1 5 10 377PRTArtificiallight chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 37Asp Asp Ser Asp Arg Pro Ser 1 5 3811PRTArtificiallight chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 38Gly Gly Asn Asn Ile Gly Ser Lys Ser Val His 1 5 10 39129PRTArtificialheavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 39Gln Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Ala Glu Val Lys Lys Pro Gly Ala 1 5 10 15 Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Thr Gly Tyr 20 25 30 Tyr Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly Leu Glu Trp Met 35 40 45 Gly Trp Ile Asn Pro Asn Ser Gly Gly Thr Asn Tyr Ala Gln Lys Phe 50 55 60 Gln Gly Arg Val Thr Met Thr Arg Asp Thr Ser Ile Ser Thr Ala Tyr 65 70 75 80 Met Glu Leu Ser Arg Leu Arg Ser Asp Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Arg Ser Pro Asn Pro Tyr Tyr Tyr Asp Ser Ser Gly Tyr Tyr Tyr 100 105 110 Pro Gly Ala Phe Asp Ile Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Met Val Thr Val Ser 115 120 125 Ser 40105PRTArtificiallight chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2i_LC10 40Gln Pro Pro Ser Val Ser Val Ala Pro Gly Gln Thr Ala Arg Ile Thr 1 5 10 15 Cys Gly Gly Asn Asn Ile Gly Ser Lys Ser Val His Trp Tyr Gln Gln 20 25 30 Lys Pro Gly Gln Ala Pro Val Leu Val Val Tyr Asp Asp Ser Asp Arg 35 40 45 Pro Ser Gly Ile Pro Glu Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Asn Ser Gly Asn Thr 50 55 60 Ala Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Arg Val Glu Ala Gly Asp Glu Ala Asp Tyr 65 70 75 80 Tyr Cys Gln Val Trp Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp His Trp Val Phe Gly Gly 85 90 95 Gly Thr Lys Leu Thr Val Leu Gly Gln 100 105 4115PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 41Pro Thr Leu Asp Ile Tyr Met Gly Tyr Tyr Tyr Gly Met Asp Val 1 5 10 15 4217PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 42Val Ile Ser Tyr Asp Gly Ser Asn Lys Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly 435PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 43Ser Tyr Gly Met His 1 5 4412PRTArtificiallight chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 44Gln Val Trp Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp His Pro Gly Val 1 5 10 457PRTArtificiallight chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 45Asp Asp Ser Asp Arg Pro Ser 1 5 4611PRTArtificiallight chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 46Gly Gly Asn Asn Ile Gly Ser Lys Ser Val His 1 5 10 47124PRTArtificialheavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 47Gln Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Val Val Gln Pro Gly Gly 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Ser Tyr 20 25 30 Gly Met His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Ala Val Ile Ser Tyr Asp Gly Ser Asn Lys Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val 50 55 60 Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ser Lys Asn Thr Leu Tyr 65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys 85 90 95 Ala Lys Pro Thr Leu Asp Ile Tyr Met Gly Tyr Tyr Tyr Gly Met Asp 100 105 110 Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 120 48106PRTArtificiallight chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2k_LC11 48Gln Pro Pro Ser Val Ser Val Ala Pro Gly Gln Thr Ala Arg Ile Thr 1 5 10 15 Cys Gly Gly Asn Asn Ile Gly Ser Lys Ser Val His Trp Tyr Gln Gln 20 25 30 Lys Pro Gly Gln Ala Pro Val Leu Val Val Tyr Asp Asp Ser Asp Arg 35 40 45 Pro Ser Gly Ile Pro Glu Arg Phe Ser Gly Ser Asn Ser Gly Asn Thr 50 55 60 Ala Thr Leu Thr Ile Ser Arg Val Glu Ala Gly Asp Glu Ala Asp Tyr 65 70 75 80 Tyr Cys Gln Val Trp Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp His Pro Gly Val Phe Gly 85 90 95 Gly Xaa Thr Lys Leu Xaa Val Leu Gly Gln 100 105 497PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LC03 49Asp Leu Gly Tyr Asp Tyr Val 1 5 5019PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LC03 50Arg Ile Lys Ser Lys Thr Asp Gly Gly Thr Thr Asp Tyr Ala Ala Pro 1 5 10 15 Val Lys Gly 515PRTArtificialheavy chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LC03 51Asn Ala Trp Met Ser 1 5 5210PRTArtificiallight chain CDR3, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LC03 52Gln Gln Tyr Asp Asn Leu Pro Met Tyr Thr 1

5 10 537PRTArtificiallight chain CDR2, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LC03 53His Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Thr 1 5 5411PRTArtificiallight chain CDR1, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LC03 54Gln Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Arg Leu Asn 1 5 10 55118PRTArtificialheavy chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LC03 55Glu Val Gln Leu Val Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Gly Gly 1 5 10 15 Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Asn Ala 20 25 30 Trp Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val 35 40 45 Gly Arg Ile Lys Ser Lys Thr Asp Gly Gly Thr Thr Asp Tyr Ala Ala 50 55 60 Pro Val Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asp Ser Lys Asn Thr 65 70 75 80 Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Lys Thr Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr 85 90 95 Tyr Cys Thr Thr Asp Leu Gly Tyr Asp Tyr Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr 100 105 110 Leu Val Thr Val Ser Ser 115 56110PRTArtificiallight chain variable domain, <ANG-2> Ang2s_R3_LC03 56Asp Ile Gln Val Thr Gln Ser Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp Arg Val Thr Ile Thr Cys Gln Ala Ser Gln Asp Ile Ser Asn Arg 20 25 30 Leu Asn Trp Tyr Gln Gln Lys Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile 35 40 45 Tyr His Ala Ser Asn Leu Glu Thr Gly Val Pro Ser Arg Phe Ser Gly 50 55 60 Ser Gly Ser Gly Thr Asp Phe Thr Phe Thr Ile Ser Ser Leu Gln Pro 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Ile Ala Thr Tyr Tyr Cys Gln Gln Tyr Asp Asn Leu Pro Met 85 90 95 Tyr Thr Phe Gly Gln Gly Thr Lys Leu Glu Ile Lys Arg Thr 100 105 110 57330PRTHomo sapiens 57Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Pro Leu Ala Pro Ser Ser Lys 1 5 10 15 Ser Thr Ser Gly Gly Thr Ala Ala Leu Gly Cys Leu Val Lys Asp Tyr 20 25 30 Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ser Trp Asn Ser Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser 35 40 45 Gly Val His Thr Phe Pro Ala Val Leu Gln Ser Ser Gly Leu Tyr Ser 50 55 60 Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Gly Thr Gln Thr 65 70 75 80 Tyr Ile Cys Asn Val Asn His Lys Pro Ser Asn Thr Lys Val Asp Lys 85 90 95 Lys Val Glu Pro Lys Ser Cys Asp Lys Thr His Thr Cys Pro Pro Cys 100 105 110 Pro Ala Pro Glu Leu Leu Gly Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro 115 120 125 Lys Pro Lys Asp Thr Leu Met Ile Ser Arg Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Cys 130 135 140 Val Val Val Asp Val Ser His Glu Asp Pro Glu Val Lys Phe Asn Trp 145 150 155 160 Tyr Val Asp Gly Val Glu Val His Asn Ala Lys Thr Lys Pro Arg Glu 165 170 175 Glu Gln Tyr Asn Ser Thr Tyr Arg Val Val Ser Val Leu Thr Val Leu 180 185 190 His Gln Asp Trp Leu Asn Gly Lys Glu Tyr Lys Cys Lys Val Ser Asn 195 200 205 Lys Ala Leu Pro Ala Pro Ile Glu Lys Thr Ile Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly 210 215 220 Gln Pro Arg Glu Pro Gln Val Tyr Thr Leu Pro Pro Ser Arg Asp Glu 225 230 235 240 Leu Thr Lys Asn Gln Val Ser Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr 245 250 255 Pro Ser Asp Ile Ala Val Glu Trp Glu Ser Asn Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn 260 265 270 Asn Tyr Lys Thr Thr Pro Pro Val Leu Asp Ser Asp Gly Ser Phe Phe 275 280 285 Leu Tyr Ser Lys Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Arg Trp Gln Gln Gly Asn 290 295 300 Val Phe Ser Cys Ser Val Met His Glu Ala Leu His Asn His Tyr Thr 305 310 315 320 Gln Lys Ser Leu Ser Leu Ser Pro Gly Lys 325 330 58327PRTHomo sapiens 58Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Pro Leu Ala Pro Cys Ser Arg 1 5 10 15 Ser Thr Ser Glu Ser Thr Ala Ala Leu Gly Cys Leu Val Lys Asp Tyr 20 25 30 Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ser Trp Asn Ser Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser 35 40 45 Gly Val His Thr Phe Pro Ala Val Leu Gln Ser Ser Gly Leu Tyr Ser 50 55 60 Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Gly Thr Lys Thr 65 70 75 80 Tyr Thr Cys Asn Val Asp His Lys Pro Ser Asn Thr Lys Val Asp Lys 85 90 95 Arg Val Glu Ser Lys Tyr Gly Pro Pro Cys Pro Ser Cys Pro Ala Pro 100 105 110 Glu Phe Leu Gly Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro Lys Pro Lys 115 120 125 Asp Thr Leu Met Ile Ser Arg Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Cys Val Val Val 130 135 140 Asp Val Ser Gln Glu Asp Pro Glu Val Gln Phe Asn Trp Tyr Val Asp 145 150 155 160 Gly Val Glu Val His Asn Ala Lys Thr Lys Pro Arg Glu Glu Gln Phe 165 170 175 Asn Ser Thr Tyr Arg Val Val Ser Val Leu Thr Val Leu His Gln Asp 180 185 190 Trp Leu Asn Gly Lys Glu Tyr Lys Cys Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Gly Leu 195 200 205 Pro Ser Ser Ile Glu Lys Thr Ile Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro Arg 210 215 220 Glu Pro Gln Val Tyr Thr Leu Pro Pro Ser Gln Glu Glu Met Thr Lys 225 230 235 240 Asn Gln Val Ser Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr Pro Ser Asp 245 250 255 Ile Ala Val Glu Trp Glu Ser Asn Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn Asn Tyr Lys 260 265 270 Thr Thr Pro Pro Val Leu Asp Ser Asp Gly Ser Phe Phe Leu Tyr Ser 275 280 285 Arg Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Arg Trp Gln Glu Gly Asn Val Phe Ser 290 295 300 Cys Ser Val Met His Glu Ala Leu His Asn His Tyr Thr Gln Lys Ser 305 310 315 320 Leu Ser Leu Ser Leu Gly Lys 325 59107PRTHomo sapiens 59Arg Thr Val Ala Ala Pro Ser Val Phe Ile Phe Pro Pro Ser Asp Glu 1 5 10 15 Gln Leu Lys Ser Gly Thr Ala Ser Val Val Cys Leu Leu Asn Asn Phe 20 25 30 Tyr Pro Arg Glu Ala Lys Val Gln Trp Lys Val Asp Asn Ala Leu Gln 35 40 45 Ser Gly Asn Ser Gln Glu Ser Val Thr Glu Gln Asp Ser Lys Asp Ser 50 55 60 Thr Tyr Ser Leu Ser Ser Thr Leu Thr Leu Ser Lys Ala Asp Tyr Glu 65 70 75 80 Lys His Lys Val Tyr Ala Cys Glu Val Thr His Gln Gly Leu Ser Ser 85 90 95 Pro Val Thr Lys Ser Phe Asn Arg Gly Glu Cys 100 105 60104PRTHomo sapiens 60Pro Lys Ala Ala Pro Ser Val Thr Leu Phe Pro Pro Ser Ser Glu Glu 1 5 10 15 Leu Gln Ala Asn Lys Ala Thr Leu Val Cys Leu Ile Ser Asp Phe Tyr 20 25 30 Pro Gly Ala Val Thr Val Ala Trp Lys Ala Asp Ser Ser Pro Val Lys 35 40 45 Ala Gly Val Glu Thr Thr Thr Pro Ser Lys Gln Ser Asn Asn Lys Tyr 50 55 60 Ala Ala Ser Ser Tyr Leu Ser Leu Thr Pro Glu Gln Trp Lys Ser His 65 70 75 80 Arg Ser Tyr Ser Cys Gln Val Thr His Glu Gly Ser Thr Val Glu Lys 85 90 95 Thr Val Ala Pro Thr Glu Cys Ser 100 611124PRTHomo sapiens 61Met Asp Ser Leu Ala Ser Leu Val Leu Cys Gly Val Ser Leu Leu Leu 1 5 10 15 Ser Gly Thr Val Glu Gly Ala Met Asp Leu Ile Leu Ile Asn Ser Leu 20 25 30 Pro Leu Val Ser Asp Ala Glu Thr Ser Leu Thr Cys Ile Ala Ser Gly 35 40 45 Trp Arg Pro His Glu Pro Ile Thr Ile Gly Arg Asp Phe Glu Ala Leu 50 55 60 Met Asn Gln His Gln Asp Pro Leu Glu Val Thr Gln Asp Val Thr Arg 65 70 75 80 Glu Trp Ala Lys Lys Val Val Trp Lys Arg Glu Lys Ala Ser Lys Ile 85 90 95 Asn Gly Ala Tyr Phe Cys Glu Gly Arg Val Arg Gly Glu Ala Ile Arg 100 105 110 Ile Arg Thr Met Lys Met Arg Gln Gln Ala Ser Phe Leu Pro Ala Thr 115 120 125 Leu Thr Met Thr Val Asp Lys Gly Asp Asn Val Asn Ile Ser Phe Lys 130 135 140 Lys Val Leu Ile Lys Glu Glu Asp Ala Val Ile Tyr Lys Asn Gly Ser 145 150 155 160 Phe Ile His Ser Val Pro Arg His Glu Val Pro Asp Ile Leu Glu Val 165 170 175 His Leu Pro His Ala Gln Pro Gln Asp Ala Gly Val Tyr Ser Ala Arg 180 185 190 Tyr Ile Gly Gly Asn Leu Phe Thr Ser Ala Phe Thr Arg Leu Ile Val 195 200 205 Arg Arg Cys Glu Ala Gln Lys Trp Gly Pro Glu Cys Asn His Leu Cys 210 215 220 Thr Ala Cys Met Asn Asn Gly Val Cys His Glu Asp Thr Gly Glu Cys 225 230 235 240 Ile Cys Pro Pro Gly Phe Met Gly Arg Thr Cys Glu Lys Ala Cys Glu 245 250 255 Leu His Thr Phe Gly Arg Thr Cys Lys Glu Arg Cys Ser Gly Gln Glu 260 265 270 Gly Cys Lys Ser Tyr Val Phe Cys Leu Pro Asp Pro Tyr Gly Cys Ser 275 280 285 Cys Ala Thr Gly Trp Lys Gly Leu Gln Cys Asn Glu Ala Cys His Pro 290 295 300 Gly Phe Tyr Gly Pro Asp Cys Lys Leu Arg Cys Ser Cys Asn Asn Gly 305 310 315 320 Glu Met Cys Asp Arg Phe Gln Gly Cys Leu Cys Ser Pro Gly Trp Gln 325 330 335 Gly Leu Gln Cys Glu Arg Glu Gly Ile Pro Arg Met Thr Pro Lys Ile 340 345 350 Val Asp Leu Pro Asp His Ile Glu Val Asn Ser Gly Lys Phe Asn Pro 355 360 365 Ile Cys Lys Ala Ser Gly Trp Pro Leu Pro Thr Asn Glu Glu Met Thr 370 375 380 Leu Val Lys Pro Asp Gly Thr Val Leu His Pro Lys Asp Phe Asn His 385 390 395 400 Thr Asp His Phe Ser Val Ala Ile Phe Thr Ile His Arg Ile Leu Pro 405 410 415 Pro Asp Ser Gly Val Trp Val Cys Ser Val Asn Thr Val Ala Gly Met 420 425 430 Val Glu Lys Pro Phe Asn Ile Ser Val Lys Val Leu Pro Lys Pro Leu 435 440 445 Asn Ala Pro Asn Val Ile Asp Thr Gly His Asn Phe Ala Val Ile Asn 450 455 460 Ile Ser Ser Glu Pro Tyr Phe Gly Asp Gly Pro Ile Lys Ser Lys Lys 465 470 475 480 Leu Leu Tyr Lys Pro Val Asn His Tyr Glu Ala Trp Gln His Ile Gln 485 490 495 Val Thr Asn Glu Ile Val Thr Leu Asn Tyr Leu Glu Pro Arg Thr Glu 500 505 510 Tyr Glu Leu Cys Val Gln Leu Val Arg Arg Gly Glu Gly Gly Glu Gly 515 520 525 His Pro Gly Pro Val Arg Arg Phe Thr Thr Ala Ser Ile Gly Leu Pro 530 535 540 Pro Pro Arg Gly Leu Asn Leu Leu Pro Lys Ser Gln Thr Thr Leu Asn 545 550 555 560 Leu Thr Trp Gln Pro Ile Phe Pro Ser Ser Glu Asp Asp Phe Tyr Val 565 570 575 Glu Val Glu Arg Arg Ser Val Gln Lys Ser Asp Gln Gln Asn Ile Lys 580 585 590 Val Pro Gly Asn Leu Thr Ser Val Leu Leu Asn Asn Leu His Pro Arg 595 600 605 Glu Gln Tyr Val Val Arg Ala Arg Val Asn Thr Lys Ala Gln Gly Glu 610 615 620 Trp Ser Glu Asp Leu Thr Ala Trp Thr Leu Ser Asp Ile Leu Pro Pro 625 630 635 640 Gln Pro Glu Asn Ile Lys Ile Ser Asn Ile Thr His Ser Ser Ala Val 645 650 655 Ile Ser Trp Thr Ile Leu Asp Gly Tyr Ser Ile Ser Ser Ile Thr Ile 660 665 670 Arg Tyr Lys Val Gln Gly Lys Asn Glu Asp Gln His Val Asp Val Lys 675 680 685 Ile Lys Asn Ala Thr Ile Thr Gln Tyr Gln Leu Lys Gly Leu Glu Pro 690 695 700 Glu Thr Ala Tyr Gln Val Asp Ile Phe Ala Glu Asn Asn Ile Gly Ser 705 710 715 720 Ser Asn Pro Ala Phe Ser His Glu Leu Val Thr Leu Pro Glu Ser Gln 725 730 735 Ala Pro Ala Asp Leu Gly Gly Gly Lys Met Leu Leu Ile Ala Ile Leu 740 745 750 Gly Ser Ala Gly Met Thr Cys Leu Thr Val Leu Leu Ala Phe Leu Ile 755 760 765 Ile Leu Gln Leu Lys Arg Ala Asn Val Gln Arg Arg Met Ala Gln Ala 770 775 780 Phe Gln Asn Val Arg Glu Glu Pro Ala Val Gln Phe Asn Ser Gly Thr 785 790 795 800 Leu Ala Leu Asn Arg Lys Val Lys Asn Asn Pro Asp Pro Thr Ile Tyr 805 810 815 Pro Val Leu Asp Trp Asn Asp Ile Lys Phe Gln Asp Val Ile Gly Glu 820 825 830 Gly Asn Phe Gly Gln Val Leu Lys Ala Arg Ile Lys Lys Asp Gly Leu 835 840 845 Arg Met Asp Ala Ala Ile Lys Arg Met Lys Glu Tyr Ala Ser Lys Asp 850 855 860 Asp His Arg Asp Phe Ala Gly Glu Leu Glu Val Leu Cys Lys Leu Gly 865 870 875 880 His His Pro Asn Ile Ile Asn Leu Leu Gly Ala Cys Glu His Arg Gly 885 890 895 Tyr Leu Tyr Leu Ala Ile Glu Tyr Ala Pro His Gly Asn Leu Leu Asp 900 905 910 Phe Leu Arg Lys Ser Arg Val Leu Glu Thr Asp Pro Ala Phe Ala Ile 915 920 925 Ala Asn Ser Thr Ala Ser Thr Leu Ser Ser Gln Gln Leu Leu His Phe 930 935 940 Ala Ala Asp Val Ala Arg Gly Met Asp Tyr Leu Ser Gln Lys Gln Phe 945 950 955 960 Ile His Arg Asp Leu Ala Ala Arg Asn Ile Leu Val Gly Glu Asn Tyr 965 970 975 Val Ala Lys Ile Ala Asp Phe Gly Leu Ser Arg Gly Gln Glu Val Tyr 980 985 990 Val Lys Lys Thr Met Gly Arg Leu Pro Val Arg Trp Met Ala Ile Glu 995 1000 1005 Ser Leu Asn Tyr Ser Val Tyr Thr Thr Asn Ser Asp Val Trp Ser 1010 1015 1020 Tyr Gly Val Leu Leu Trp Glu Ile Val Ser Leu Gly Gly Thr Pro 1025 1030 1035 Tyr Cys Gly Met Thr Cys Ala Glu Leu Tyr Glu Lys Leu Pro Gln 1040 1045 1050 Gly Tyr Arg Leu Glu Lys Pro Leu Asn Cys Asp Asp Glu Val Tyr 1055 1060 1065 Asp Leu Met Arg Gln Cys Trp Arg Glu Lys Pro Tyr Glu Arg Pro 1070 1075 1080 Ser Phe Ala Gln Ile Leu Val Ser Leu Asn Arg Met Leu Glu Glu 1085 1090 1095 Arg Lys Thr Tyr Val Asn Thr Thr Leu Tyr Glu Lys Phe Thr Tyr 1100 1105 1110 Ala Gly Ile Asp Cys Ser Ala Glu Glu Ala Ala 1115 1120

62504PRTArtificialHuman angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) with leader and His-tag 62Met Trp Gln Ile Val Phe Phe Thr Leu Ser Cys Asp Leu Val Leu Ala 1 5 10 15 Ala Ala Tyr Asn Asn Phe Arg Lys Ser Met Asp Ser Ile Gly Lys Lys 20 25 30 Gln Tyr Gln Val Gln His Gly Ser Cys Ser Tyr Thr Phe Leu Leu Pro 35 40 45 Glu Met Asp Asn Cys Arg Ser Ser Ser Ser Pro Tyr Val Ser Asn Ala 50 55 60 Val Gln Arg Asp Ala Pro Leu Glu Tyr Asp Asp Ser Val Gln Arg Leu 65 70 75 80 Gln Val Leu Glu Asn Ile Met Glu Asn Asn Thr Gln Trp Leu Met Lys 85 90 95 Leu Glu Asn Tyr Ile Gln Asp Asn Met Lys Lys Glu Met Val Glu Ile 100 105 110 Gln Gln Asn Ala Val Gln Asn Gln Thr Ala Val Met Ile Glu Ile Gly 115 120 125 Thr Asn Leu Leu Asn Gln Thr Ala Glu Gln Thr Arg Lys Leu Thr Asp 130 135 140 Val Glu Ala Gln Val Leu Asn Gln Thr Thr Arg Leu Glu Leu Gln Leu 145 150 155 160 Leu Glu His Ser Leu Ser Thr Asn Lys Leu Glu Lys Gln Ile Leu Asp 165 170 175 Gln Thr Ser Glu Ile Asn Lys Leu Gln Asp Lys Asn Ser Phe Leu Glu 180 185 190 Lys Lys Val Leu Ala Met Glu Asp Lys His Ile Ile Gln Leu Gln Ser 195 200 205 Ile Lys Glu Glu Lys Asp Gln Leu Gln Val Leu Val Ser Lys Gln Asn 210 215 220 Ser Ile Ile Glu Glu Leu Glu Lys Lys Ile Val Thr Ala Thr Val Asn 225 230 235 240 Asn Ser Val Leu Gln Lys Gln Gln His Asp Leu Met Glu Thr Val Asn 245 250 255 Asn Leu Leu Thr Met Met Ser Thr Ser Asn Ser Ala Lys Asp Pro Thr 260 265 270 Val Ala Lys Glu Glu Gln Ile Ser Phe Arg Asp Cys Ala Glu Val Phe 275 280 285 Lys Ser Gly His Thr Thr Asn Gly Ile Tyr Thr Leu Thr Phe Pro Asn 290 295 300 Ser Thr Glu Glu Ile Lys Ala Tyr Cys Asp Met Glu Ala Gly Gly Gly 305 310 315 320 Gly Trp Thr Ile Ile Gln Arg Arg Glu Asp Gly Ser Val Asp Phe Gln 325 330 335 Arg Thr Trp Lys Glu Tyr Lys Val Gly Phe Gly Asn Pro Ser Gly Glu 340 345 350 Tyr Trp Leu Gly Asn Glu Phe Val Ser Gln Leu Thr Asn Gln Gln Arg 355 360 365 Tyr Val Leu Lys Ile His Leu Lys Asp Trp Glu Gly Asn Glu Ala Tyr 370 375 380 Ser Leu Tyr Glu His Phe Tyr Leu Ser Ser Glu Glu Leu Asn Tyr Arg 385 390 395 400 Ile His Leu Lys Gly Leu Thr Gly Thr Ala Gly Lys Ile Ser Ser Ile 405 410 415 Ser Gln Pro Gly Asn Asp Phe Ser Thr Lys Asp Gly Asp Asn Asp Lys 420 425 430 Cys Ile Cys Lys Cys Ser Gln Met Leu Thr Gly Gly Trp Trp Phe Asp 435 440 445 Ala Cys Gly Pro Ser Asn Leu Asn Gly Met Tyr Tyr Pro Gln Arg Gln 450 455 460 Asn Thr Asn Lys Phe Asn Gly Ile Lys Trp Tyr Tyr Trp Lys Gly Ser 465 470 475 480 Gly Tyr Ser Leu Lys Ala Thr Thr Met Met Ile Arg Pro Ala Asp Phe 485 490 495 Ser Gly His His His His His His 500 63506PRTArtificialHuman angiopoietin-1 (ANG-1) with leader and His-tag 63Met Thr Val Phe Leu Ser Phe Ala Phe Leu Ala Ala Ile Leu Thr His 1 5 10 15 Ile Gly Cys Ser Asn Gln Arg Arg Ser Pro Glu Asn Ser Gly Arg Arg 20 25 30 Tyr Asn Arg Ile Gln His Gly Gln Cys Ala Tyr Thr Phe Ile Leu Pro 35 40 45 Glu His Asp Gly Asn Cys Arg Glu Ser Thr Thr Asp Gln Tyr Asn Thr 50 55 60 Asn Ala Leu Gln Arg Asp Ala Pro His Val Glu Pro Asp Phe Ser Ser 65 70 75 80 Gln Lys Leu Gln His Leu Glu His Val Met Glu Asn Tyr Thr Gln Trp 85 90 95 Leu Gln Lys Leu Glu Asn Tyr Ile Val Glu Asn Met Lys Ser Glu Met 100 105 110 Ala Gln Ile Gln Gln Asn Ala Val Gln Asn His Thr Ala Thr Met Leu 115 120 125 Glu Ile Gly Thr Ser Leu Leu Ser Gln Thr Ala Glu Gln Thr Arg Lys 130 135 140 Leu Thr Asp Val Glu Thr Gln Val Leu Asn Gln Thr Ser Arg Leu Glu 145 150 155 160 Ile Gln Leu Leu Glu Asn Ser Leu Ser Thr Tyr Lys Leu Glu Lys Gln 165 170 175 Leu Leu Gln Gln Thr Asn Glu Ile Leu Lys Ile His Glu Lys Asn Ser 180 185 190 Leu Leu Glu His Lys Ile Leu Glu Met Glu Gly Lys His Lys Glu Glu 195 200 205 Leu Asp Thr Leu Lys Glu Glu Lys Glu Asn Leu Gln Gly Leu Val Thr 210 215 220 Arg Gln Thr Tyr Ile Ile Gln Glu Leu Glu Lys Gln Leu Asn Arg Ala 225 230 235 240 Thr Thr Asn Asn Ser Val Leu Gln Lys Gln Gln Leu Glu Leu Met Asp 245 250 255 Thr Val His Asn Leu Val Asn Leu Cys Thr Lys Glu Gly Val Leu Leu 260 265 270 Lys Gly Gly Lys Arg Glu Glu Glu Lys Pro Phe Arg Asp Cys Ala Asp 275 280 285 Val Tyr Gln Ala Gly Phe Asn Lys Ser Gly Ile Tyr Thr Ile Tyr Ile 290 295 300 Asn Asn Met Pro Glu Pro Lys Lys Val Phe Cys Asn Met Asp Val Asn 305 310 315 320 Gly Gly Gly Trp Thr Val Ile Gln His Arg Glu Asp Gly Ser Leu Asp 325 330 335 Phe Gln Arg Gly Trp Lys Glu Tyr Lys Met Gly Phe Gly Asn Pro Ser 340 345 350 Gly Glu Tyr Trp Leu Gly Asn Glu Phe Ile Phe Ala Ile Thr Ser Gln 355 360 365 Arg Gln Tyr Met Leu Arg Ile Glu Leu Met Asp Trp Glu Gly Asn Arg 370 375 380 Ala Tyr Ser Gln Tyr Asp Arg Phe His Ile Gly Asn Glu Lys Gln Asn 385 390 395 400 Tyr Arg Leu Tyr Leu Lys Gly His Thr Gly Thr Ala Gly Lys Gln Ser 405 410 415 Ser Leu Ile Leu His Gly Ala Asp Phe Ser Thr Lys Asp Ala Asp Asn 420 425 430 Asp Asn Cys Met Cys Lys Cys Ala Leu Met Leu Thr Gly Gly Trp Trp 435 440 445 Phe Asp Ala Cys Gly Pro Ser Asn Leu Asn Gly Met Phe Tyr Thr Ala 450 455 460 Gly Gln Asn His Gly Lys Leu Asn Gly Ile Lys Trp His Tyr Phe Lys 465 470 475 480 Gly Pro Ser Tyr Ser Leu Arg Ser Thr Thr Met Met Ile Arg Pro Leu 485 490 495 Asp Phe Ser Gly His His His His His His 500 505

Claims

1. An isolated antibody that specifically binds to human angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2), wherein the antibody binds to the same epitope as an antibody comprising: (A) a heavy chain variable domain which comprises a CDR3 region having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 33, a CDR2 region having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34 and a CDR1 region having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 35; and (B) a light chain variable domain which comprises a CDR3 region having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 36, a CDR2 region having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 37 and a CDR1 region having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 38.

2. The antibody of claim 1, wherein the antibody is a monoclonal antibody.

3. The antibody of claim 1, wherein the antibody is a human IgG4 antibody or a human IgG1 antibody.

4. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising the antibody of any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. An isolated antibody that specifically binds to human ANG-2, wherein the antibody binds to the same epitope as an antibody comprising a heavy chain comprising SEQ ID NO: 39 and a light chain comprising SEQ ID NO: 40.

6. The antibody of claim 5, wherein the antibody is a monoclonal antibody.

7. The antibody of claim 5, wherein the antibody is a human IgG4 antibody or a human IgG1 antibody.

8. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising the antibody of any one of claims 5 to 7.