U.S. patent application number 14/675809 was filed with the patent office on 2015-10-01 for manufacturing method of joint panel.
This patent application is currently assigned to LORD CORPORATION. The applicant listed for this patent is LORD Corporation, TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA. Invention is credited to Masaki NITTA, Kazuhito TANAKA, Yukio TSUKADA, Hiroshi URAYAMA.
Application Number | 20150275382 14/675809 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 54067093 |
Filed Date | 2015-10-01 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150275382 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
URAYAMA; Hiroshi ; et
al. |
October 1, 2015 |
MANUFACTURING METHOD OF JOINT PANEL
Abstract
A manufacturing method of a joint panel includes: joining an
outer panel to an inner panel by applying an adhesive to an outer
edge of the outer panel; performing electrodeposition coating on a
surface of the outer panel of the joint panel in which the outer
panel is joined to the inner panel; and burning, onto the outer
panel, a coating film formed on the surface of the outer panel by
the electrodeposition coating. The adhesive used herein is a room
temperature curing adhesive that does not flow at the time of the
burning.
Inventors: |
URAYAMA; Hiroshi;
(Nagoya-shi, JP) ; NITTA; Masaki; (Toyota-shi,
JP) ; TANAKA; Kazuhito; (Tokyo, JP) ; TSUKADA;
Yukio; (Nagoya, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA
LORD Corporation |
Toyota-shi
Cary |
NC |
JP
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
LORD CORPORATION
Cary
NC
TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Toyota-shi
|
Family ID: |
54067093 |
Appl. No.: |
14/675809 |
Filed: |
April 1, 2015 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
205/224 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C25D 5/50 20130101; C25D
13/12 20130101 |
International
Class: |
C25D 5/50 20060101
C25D005/50 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Apr 1, 2014 |
JP |
2014-075740 |
Claims
1. A manufacturing method of a joint panel, comprising: joining an
outer panel made of a metallic material to an inner panel made of a
material having a linear expansion coefficient different from a
linear expansion coefficient of the metallic material by applying
an adhesive to an outer edge of an outer edge of the outer panel
and an outer edge of the inner panel and curing the adhesive;
performing electrodeposition coating on a surface of the outer
panel of the joint panel in which the outer panel is joined to the
inner panel; and burning, onto the outer panel, a coating film
formed on the surface of the outer panel by the electrodeposition
coating, wherein the adhesive is a room temperature curing adhesive
that does not flow at the time of the burning.
2. The manufacturing method of the joint panel, according to claim
1, wherein: the metallic material of the outer panel is aluminum
alloy; and the material of the inner panel is a fiber reinforced
plastic.
3. The manufacturing method of the joint panel, according to claim
1, wherein: at the time of the joining, a hemming process is
performed such that the adhesive is applied to the outer edge of
the outer panel, and the outer edge of the outer panel is folded
toward the outer edge of the inner panel.
4. The manufacturing method of the joint panel, according to claim
1, wherein the adhesive is a two-component epoxy adhesive.
Description
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
[0001] The disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No.
2014-075740 filed on Apr. 1, 2014 including the specification,
drawings and abstract is incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of a
joint panel in which an outer panel made of a metallic material is
joined to an inner panel made of a material having a linear
expansion coefficient different from a linear expansion coefficient
of the metallic material.
[0004] 2. Description of Related Art
[0005] In recent years, a panel such as a hood for an automobile
has been manufactured as a joint panel in which an outer panel made
of a metallic material is joined to an inner panel made of a
material different from the metallic material. Aluminum alloy or a
steel sheet such as high tensile strength steel is used as the
metallic material of the outer panel, and a metallic material
different from the outer panel, or a fiber reinforced plastic is
used as the material of the inner panel.
[0006] The outer panel and the inner panel are made of different
materials, so their linear expansion coefficients are different
from each other. Because of the linear expansion coefficients,
peeling of adhesion may occur due to shear stress (thermal stress)
caused on adhesive surfaces. In view of this, Japanese Patent
Application Publication No. 2007-118852 (JP 2007-118852 A) proposes
such a manufacturing method of a joint panel that an outer panel is
fixed to an inner panel by adhesion, and a bracket is fixed, by
adhesion, to both the inner panel and the outer panel so as to
cover at least part of an outer-panel outer-edge side of the inner
panel from an outer edge of the outer panel.
[0007] Even if the peeling of adhesion is caused by shear stress
(thermal stress) caused on the adhesive surfaces due to a
difference between the linear expansion coefficients of the outer
panel and the inner panel, it is possible to prevent the outer
panel from falling off the inner panel by the bracket.
[0008] However, generally, the adhesive that bonds the outer panel
to the inner panel is applied at the time when the outer panel and
the inner panel are assembled, and after that, the adhesive is
cured at the time when a coating film deposited by
electrodeposition coating is burned onto the outer panel.
Accordingly, when the coating film is burned, the outer panel is
stretched in a range of elastic deformation due to heat of the
burning, and in such a stretched state, the outer edge of the outer
panel is restricted by the inner panel through the adhesive thus
cured.
[0009] Consequently, the outer edge of the outer panel to be
deformed to contract (restore) by cooling (standing to cool) after
the coating film is burned is restricted by the inner panel through
the cured adhesive, so that the deformation of the outer panel at
the time of the burning is maintained. This may impair an
appearance of the outer panel.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0010] The present invention provides a manufacturing method of a
joint panel, which manufacturing method can restrain deformation of
an outer panel at a room temperature even in a case where
coating/burning is performed on a surface of the outer panel in a
state where outer edges of the outer panel and an inner panel are
bonded via an adhesive.
[0011] A manufacturing method of a joint panel, according to one
aspect of the present invention includes: joining an outer panel
made of a metallic material to an inner panel made of a material
having a linear expansion coefficient different from a linear
expansion coefficient of the metallic material by applying an
adhesive to either one of an outer edge of the outer panel and an
outer edge of the inner panel and curing the adhesive; performing
electrodeposition coating on a surface of the outer panel of the
joint panel in which the outer panel is joined to the inner panel;
and burning, onto the outer panel, a coating film formed on the
surface of the outer panel by the electrodeposition coating,
wherein the adhesive is a room temperature curing adhesive that
does not flow at the time of the burning.
[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, the room
temperature curing adhesive is used when the outer panel is joined
to the inner panel in the joining, so that the outer panel is
joined to the inner panel by curing the adhesive without causing
heat to act on the outer panel and the inner panel, thereby forming
the joint panel.
[0013] The joint panel thus obtained is subjected to
electrodeposition coating in the coating, and further, when the
coating film is burned onto the outer panel in the burning, thermal
stress temporarily acts on the outer panel due to a thermal
expansion difference between the outer panel and the inner
panel.
[0014] However, in the burning, the adhesive does not flow, so that
the adhesive is maintained in a cured state. Accordingly, even if
the outer panel is cooled off to a room temperature after the
burning and the outer panel contracts, the thermal stress acting on
the outer panel is removed. Hereby, the outer panel returns to its
original shape, so that appearance of its coating surface is not
impaired.
[0015] As such, in the joint panel after the burning, shear stress
caused due to thermal stress hardly acts on adhesive surfaces of
the outer panel and the inner panel at a room temperature, so that
it is possible to secure reliability of the outer panel and the
inner panel with the adhesive.
[0016] Particularly, in a case where the adhesive is provided to
seal inner sides of the outer panel and the inner panel, its
sealing characteristic can be secured. This makes it possible to
restrain corrosion of the outer panel made of the metallic
material.
[0017] Note that the "room temperature curing adhesive" is an
adhesive that is cured only by natural drying without heating, so
as to adhere two members. A two-component room temperature curing
adhesive is generally known as the room temperature curing
adhesive.
[0018] The metallic material of the outer panel may be aluminum
alloy, and the material of the inner panel may be a fiber
reinforced plastic. A linear expansion coefficient of the aluminum
alloy is extremely larger than a linear expansion coefficient of
the fiber reinforced plastic. Because of this, in a case where the
aluminum alloy is used for the outer panel and the fiber reinforced
plastic is used for the inner panel, a thermal expansion difference
therebetween in the burning is larger than combinations of other
materials. However, the adhesive is maintained in a cured state as
described above, so it is possible to restrain deformation of the
outer panel after the burning. Hereby, it is possible to
sufficiently achieve a design property that the outer panel using
aluminum alloy originally has, the design property is a design
property based on coating glossy.
[0019] At the time of the joining, a hemming process may be
performed such that the adhesive is applied to the outer edge of
the outer panel, and the outer edge of the outer panel is folded
toward the outer edge of the inner panel.
[0020] The adhesive is placed between the outer edge of the outer
panel and the outer edge of the inner panel in the hemming process.
Hereby, it is possible to prevent overflow of the adhesive.
Further, even if the adhesive is peeled off at the time of the
burning, the inner panel does not fall off the outer panel, because
the outer edge of the inner panel is accommodated in a folded part
(the outer edge) of the outer panel.
[0021] The adhesive may be a two-component epoxy adhesive. Hereby,
it is possible to reduce surface deflection, which is a
displacement amount of the joint panel after the burning.
[0022] According to one aspect of the present invention, it is
possible to restrain deformation of an outer panel at a room
temperature even in a case where coating/burning is performed on a
surface of the outer panel in a state where outer edges of the
outer panel and an inner panel are bonded via an adhesive.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Features, advantages, and technical and industrial
significance of exemplary embodiments of the invention will be
described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in
which like numerals denote like elements, and wherein:
[0024] FIG. 1 is a view illustrating each step to manufacture a
joint panel according to an embodiment of the present
invention;
[0025] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an outer
panel and an inner panel;
[0026] FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the
joint panel in which the outer panel is joined to the inner
panel;
[0027] FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a hemming
structure of outer edges of the outer panel and the inner panel;
and
[0028] FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view to describe
electrodeposition coating performed on a surface of the outer panel
of the joint panel in which the outer panel is joined to the inner
panel.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0029] The following describes an embodiment of the present
invention with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view
illustrating each step to manufacture a joint panel according to an
embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic
perspective view illustrating an outer panel and an inner panel.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the joint panel in which
the outer panel is joined to the inner panel, and FIG. 4 is a
schematic sectional view illustrating a hemming structure of outer
edges of the outer panel and the inner panel. FIG. 5 is a schematic
perspective view to describe electrodeposition coating performed on
a surface of the outer panel of the joint panel.
[0030] First, an outer panel (an outer hood) 20 and an inner panel
(an inner hood) 30 are prepared. The outer panel 20 is a panel made
of aluminum alloy, which is a metallic material, and is a panel
that is press molded in a shape illustrated in FIG. 2.
Electrodeposition coating is performed on a surface of the outer
panel 20 after the outer panel 20 is joined to the inner panel 30.
In the present embodiment, as the metallic material of the outer
panel 20, aluminum alloy is used from the viewpoint of
lightweighting of the panel, but a steel sheet may be used, for
example.
[0031] The inner panel 30 is made of a material having a linear
expansion coefficient different from a linear expansion coefficient
of the metallic material. Examples of the material include a
metallic material different from the outer panel 20, a resin
material, a fiber reinforced plastic, and the like. The fiber
reinforced plastic, which is a material having a light weight and a
high strength, is preferable among them.
[0032] The fiber reinforced plastic indicates a resin reinforced by
a reinforcing fiber. The reinforcing fiber may be, for example, a
fiber such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, alumina
fiber, boron fiber, steel fiber, PBO fiber, or high-strength
polyethylene fiber.
[0033] The resin may be a thermo setting resin or a thermo plastic
resin, and examples thereof include epoxy resin, phenolic resin,
melamine resin, urea resin, silicone resin, maleimide resin,
vinylester resin, unsaturated polyester resin, unsaturated
polyethylene resin, polyurethane resin, cyanate resins, and
polyimide resins.
[0034] In the present embodiment, the resin having such a
reinforcing fiber is molded into a shape illustrated in FIG. 2.
From the viewpoint of low cost, the inner panel 30 is made of a
sheet molding compound (C-SMC) in which carbon of a thermo setting
resin is a reinforcing fiber.
[0035] First, in S11 of FIG. 1, an adhesive is applied to an outer
edge 21 of the outer panel 20 thus prepared, and the inner panel 30
is superimposed on the outer panel 20, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
The adhesive used herein is a room temperature curing adhesive that
does not flow in the after-mentioned step (a burning step) of
burning a coating film.
[0036] Such an adhesive can be a two-component epoxy adhesive, and
is preferably a two-component epoxy resin which includes a
bisphenol-A epoxy resin, a bisphenol-F epoxy resin, a novolak epoxy
resin, or the like as a base compound and which also includes an
amine, polyamine, or mercaptan curing agent. The two-component
epoxy resin may be a solventless resin, an organic solvent resin,
or a water-based resin.
[0037] Then, in S12 of FIG. 1, a hemming process is performed with
respect to the outer edge 21 of the outer panel 20 and an outer
edge 31 of the inner panel 30, as illustrated in FIG. 3. More
specifically, the outer edge 21 of the outer panel 20 is folded
toward the outer edge 31 of the inner panel 30. Hereby, as
illustrated in FIG. 4, the outer edge 21 of the outer panel 20 is
placed so as to surround the outer edge 31 of the inner panel 30,
and an adhesive 40 is placed between the outer edge 21 of the outer
panel 20 and the outer edge 31 of the inner panel 30.
[0038] Then, in S13 of FIG. 1, the adhesive 40 is dried. In the
present embodiment, the room temperature curing adhesive is used as
the adhesive 40, so it is possible to join the outer panel 20 and
the inner panel 30 by curing the adhesive without heating the outer
panel 20 and the inner panel 30 (a joining step). Hereby, a joint
panel 1 can be obtained.
[0039] Then, in S14 of FIG. 1, electrodeposition coating is
performed on a surface 22 of the outer panel 20 of the joint panel
1 in which the outer panel 20 is joined to the inner panel 30.
Hereby, a coating film 50 is formed on the surface of the outer
panel 20.
[0040] In an electrodeposition coating step, the resin coating film
50 formed on the surface of the outer panel 20 is not cured. In
view of this, in S15 of FIG. 1, the coating film 50 formed on the
surface 22 of the outer panel 20 by electrodeposition coating is
burned onto the outer panel 20 (the burning step). More
specifically, the joint panel 1 is heated at a given temperature
for a given time, so as to cure the coating film 50. Hereby, the
coating film 50 is adhered to the surface of the outer panel 20. In
the present embodiment, the adhesive that does not flow in the
burning step is used as the adhesive 40, so the adhesive 40 can be
maintained in a cured state at the time of the burning step.
[0041] As such, in the present embodiment, when the outer panel 20
is joined to the inner panel 30 in the joining step, the room
temperature curing adhesive 40 is used. Accordingly, the joint
panel (hood) 1 can be formed such that the outer panel 20 is joined
to the inner panel 30 by curing the adhesive 40 without causing
heat to act on the outer panel 20 and the inner panel 30.
[0042] The joint panel 1 thus obtained is subjected to
electrodeposition coating in the coating step, and further, when
the coating film 50 is burned onto the surface 22 of the outer
panel 20 in the burning step, thermal stress temporarily acts on
the outer panel 20 due to a thermal expansion difference between
the outer panel 20 and the inner panel 30.
[0043] However, in the burning step, the adhesive 40 does not flow,
so that the adhesive 40 is retained at a position where the
adhesive 40 is applied and the adhesive 40 is maintained in a state
where the adhesive 40 is adhered to an adherend. Accordingly, even
if the outer panel 20 is cooled off to a room temperature after the
burning step and the outer panel 20 contracts, the thermal stress
acting on the outer panel 20 is removed. Hereby, the outer panel 20
returns to its original shape, so that appearance of its coating
surface is not impaired.
[0044] Further, after the burning step, shear stress due to the
thermal stress hardly acts on the adhesive 40 that adheres the
outer panel 20 to the inner panel 30, at a room temperature. This
makes it possible to secure reliability of adhesion between the
outer panel 20 and the inner panel 30 with the adhesive 40.
[0045] Further, in the present embodiment, aluminum alloy is used
for the outer panel 20, and a fiber reinforced plastic
(particularly, a carbon fiber reinforced plastic) is used for the
inner panel 30. In this case, in the burning step, a thermal
expansion difference therebetween is larger than combinations of
other materials. However, the adhesive is maintained in a cured
state at the time of joining as described above, thereby making it
possible to restrain deformation of the outer panel 20 after the
burning step. Hereby, it is possible to sufficiently achieve a
design property that the outer panel 20 using aluminum alloy
originally has, the design property is a design property based on
coating glossy.
[0046] Further, the hemming process is performed on the outer panel
20. Accordingly, even if the adhesive is peeled due to shear force
in the burning step, the inner panel does not fall off the outer
panel, because the outer edge of the inner panel 30 is accommodated
in a folded part (the outer edge) of the outer panel.
[0047] The following describes examples of the present
invention.
Example 1
[0048] An outer panel (outer hood) made of aluminum alloy (JIS:
6000 series aluminum alloy) having a shape illustrated in FIG. 2,
an inner panel (inner hood) made of a carbon fiber reinforced
plastic (C-SMC), and an adhesive that is a two-component epoxy
adhesive (a product made by LORD Far East Incorporated:
Fusor320/310BBlack, containing a base compound and a curing agent
by 1:1) are prepared.
[0049] Then, the two-component epoxy adhesive is applied to an
outer edge of the outer panel, and a hemming process is performed
so as to fold the outer edge of the outer panel toward an outer
edge of the inner panel, as illustrated in FIG. 4. After that, the
two-component epoxy adhesive is cured under conditions of
30.degree. C. (room temperature) and 70 minutes. Then,
electrodeposition coating is performed on a surface of the outer
panel, and a coating film formed on the surface of the outer panel
by electrodeposition coating is burned under conditions of a
heating temperature of 180.degree. C. and a heating time of 20
minutes.
[0050] Images of an entire surface of a joint panel before and
after the burning are taken, and on the basis of the joint panel
before the burning, a displacement amount of the outer panel of the
joint panel after the burning is measured. A result thereof is
shown in Table 1. (A) to (F) shown in Table 1 indicate displacement
amounts at respective measurement points shown in FIG. 3.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Displacement amount at each measurement
point (mm) (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) Example 1 -2.5 7.5 -2.5 0.0 -2.5
-7.5 Example 2 -3.0 6.0 -2.5 0.0 -3.0 -6.0 Example 3 -3.0 7.5 -3.0
1.0 -3.0 -7.5 Comparative -2.5 2.5 -2.5 15.0 -5.0 -5.0 Example
1
Example 2
[0051] A joint panel is manufactured in the same manner as Example
1. A point different from Example 1 is as follows: an adhesive that
is a two-component epoxy adhesive (a product made by LORD Far East
Incorporated: Fusor320/322, containing a base compound and a curing
agent by 1:1) is used as an adhesive. Then, similarly to Example 1,
images of an entire surface of the joint panel before and after the
burning are taken, and on the basis of the joint panel before the
burning, a displacement amount of an outer panel of the joint panel
after the burning is measured. A result thereof is shown in Table
1.
Example 3
[0052] A joint panel is manufactured in the same manner as Example
1. A point different from Example 1 is as follows: an adhesive that
is a two-component epoxy adhesive (a product made by LORD Far East
Incorporated: Fusor390/391, containing a base compound and a curing
agent by 1:1) is used as an adhesive. Similarly to Example 1,
images of an entire surface of the joint panel before and after the
burning are taken, and on the basis of the joint panel before the
burning, a displacement amount of an outer panel of the joint panel
after the burning is measured. A result thereof is shown in Table
1.
Comparative Example
[0053] A joint panel is manufactured in the same manner as Example
1. A point different from Example 1 is that a one-component epoxy
adhesive is used as an adhesive, and a coating film formed on a
surface of an outer panel by electrodeposition coating is burned
and the adhesive is cured under conditions of a heating temperature
of 180.degree. C. and a heating time of 40 minutes. Similarly to
Example 1, images of an entire surface of the joint panel before
and after the burning are taken, and on the basis of the joint
panel before the burning, a displacement amount of the outer panel
of the joint panel after the burning is measured. A result thereof
is shown in Table 1.
[0054] <Result 1 and Consideration 1>
[0055] In a case of the joint panels of Examples 1 to 3, the
adhesive is cured in advance by drying in the joining step, so that
the outer panel elastically deformed by expansion in the burning
step is restored to its original state after cooling. Accordingly,
the displacement amount as a surface deflection at the point (D) is
smaller than that of the comparative example. In the meantime, in a
case of the joint panel of the comparative example, the adhesive is
cured at a point when the outer panel is elastically deformed by
expansion in the burning step. As a result, the deformation is
maintained, so that the displacement amount as a surface deflection
at the point (D) is larger than those of Examples 1 to 3.
Reference Examples 1 to 3
[0056] An aluminum alloy plate (JIS: 6000 series aluminum alloy)
with 25 mm.times.70 mm.times.0.9 mm, corresponding to an outer
panel, and a carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate (C-SMC) with 25
mm.times.70 mm.times.2.0 mm, corresponding to an inner panel, are
prepared. The adhesives according to Examples 1 to 3 are prepared
as adhesives for Reference Examples 1 to 3.
[0057] The aluminum alloy plate thus prepared is degreased by
isopropyl alcohol (IPA), and the carbon fiber reinforced plastic
plate is degreased by dry wipe. Then, these plates are dipped in
rust preventive oil (a product made by Sugimura Chemical Industrial
Co., Ltd., PRETON 303PX2), and left for 24 hours or more.
[0058] Each of the adhesives is applied to the aluminum alloy plate
and the carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate after the dipping, so
that an adhesive thickness is 0.25 mm and an adhesion area is 25
mm.times.12.5 mm, and the each of the adhesives is cured under
conditions of 30.degree. C. (room temperature) and 70 minutes.
Then, a heating process corresponding to the burning step is
performed at a heating temperature of 180.degree. C. for a heating
time of 20 minutes.
[0059] In order to perform three-level measurement, in each test
described below, on the joint panels in each of which the aluminum
alloy plate is joined to the carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate
through each of the adhesives of Reference Examples 1 to 3, test
pieces are prepared.
[0060] More specifically, a shearing test (JISK6850) is performed
under conditions of an elastic stress rate of 5 mm/min, a
chuck-to-chuck distance of 90 mm, and a test temperature of
25.degree. C., so as to measure a shear strength between the
aluminum alloy plate and the carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate.
A result thereof is shown in Table 2. Table 2 shows an average
value of the shear strength measured three times for each of
Reference Examples 1 to 3.
[0061] Further, a cross peel test is performed at an elastic stress
rate of 5 mm/min and at a test temperature of 25.degree. C., so as
to measure a breaking strength between the aluminum alloy plate and
the carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate. A result thereof is
shown in Table 2. Table 2 shows an average value of the breaking
strength measured three times for each of Reference Examples 1 to
3.
[0062] Furthermore, a breaking mode of the aluminum alloy plate in
each of the tests is further observed. A result thereof is shown in
Table 2. Note that, in Table 2, AF indicates an interfacial
failure, CF indicates an adhesion cohesive failure, TCF indicates a
thin layer adhesive cohesive failure, and respective values shown
subsequently thereto each indicate an area ratio.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Shearing Test Cross Peel Test Strength
Breaking Strength Breaking (MPa) Mode (N/25 mm) Mode Reference 13.6
AF 0% 476 AF 0% Example 1 CF 95% CF 100% TCF 5% TCF 0% Reference
11.1 AF 0% 446 AF 0% Example 2 CF 98% CF 100% TCF 2% TCF 5%
Reference 7.1 AF 50% 352 AF 95% Example 3 CF 50% CF 5% TCF 5% TCF
0%
[0063] <Result 2 and Consideration 2>
[0064] From the result of Reference Examples 1 to 3, in a case
where the adhesives of Reference Examples 1, 2 are used, a breaking
ratio of the adhesion cohesive failure (CF) is large, so that it is
considered that the aluminum alloy plate and the carbon fiber
reinforced plastic plate are in a particularly good adhesion
state.
[0065] The embodiment of the present invention has been described
above, but the present invention is not limited to the above
embodiment, and various design modifications can be made without
departing from the spirit of the present invention described in
Claims.
* * * * *