U.S. patent application number 14/430176 was filed with the patent office on 2015-09-10 for fire suppression systems and methods.
The applicant listed for this patent is TYCO FIRE PRODUCTS LP. Invention is credited to John S. Bushert, Brian L. Counts, Saul Escalante-Ortiz, Marvin B. Fernstrum, Richard J. Hackl, Anthony J. Kreft, Gregory J. Lilley, Thomas John Myers, Chad Ryczek, Derek M. Sandahl, David R. Strehlow, Marvin D. Thorell, John T. Werth.
Application Number | 20150251031 14/430176 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 49322723 |
Filed Date | 2015-09-10 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150251031 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Sandahl; Derek M. ; et
al. |
September 10, 2015 |
FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS AND METHODS
Abstract
Fire suppression systems (10) for vehicles and industrial
applications including arrangements of an input bus (24) and output
bus (26) coupled to a centralized controller (20) to provide for
automatic and manual detection of a fire (H) and manual and
automatic system actuation in response to the fire. The
arrangements further provide for system information regarding the
status and operation of the system components. Additionally, the
arrangement of system components provide for expandability and
programmability to configure the system for the protection of
multiple and variable hazards (H) using customized or programmed
detection and/or actuation. The systems include configured
connectors (25) and colour coded schemes to facilitate system
installation.
Inventors: |
Sandahl; Derek M.; (Wallace,
MI) ; Counts; Brian L.; (Menominee, MI) ;
Fernstrum; Marvin B.; (Menominee, MI) ; Ryczek;
Chad; (Oconto Falls, WI) ; Escalante-Ortiz; Saul;
(Green Bay, WI) ; Werth; John T.; (Franklin,
WI) ; Lilley; Gregory J.; (West Allis, WI) ;
Strehlow; David R.; (Hales Corner, WI) ; Kreft;
Anthony J.; (Oak Creek, WI) ; Myers; Thomas John;
(Wauwatosa, WI) ; Bushert; John S.; (Brookfield,
WI) ; Hackl; Richard J.; (Greendale, WI) ;
Thorell; Marvin D.; (Racine, WI) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
TYCO FIRE PRODUCTS LP |
Lansdale |
PA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
49322723 |
Appl. No.: |
14/430176 |
Filed: |
September 23, 2013 |
PCT Filed: |
September 23, 2013 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US2013/061214 |
371 Date: |
March 20, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61704551 |
Sep 23, 2012 |
|
|
|
61794105 |
Mar 15, 2013 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
169/62 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A62C 35/023 20130101;
A62C 37/36 20130101; G05D 7/0635 20130101; B60R 16/02 20130101;
A62C 3/07 20130101; G05B 15/02 20130101; A62C 35/64 20130101; A62C
37/00 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A62C 35/64 20060101
A62C035/64 |
Claims
1. A vehicle fire suppression system comprising: a centralized
controller; at least one input bus coupled to the centralized
controller, the input bus providing for connecting analog and
digital devices to the centralized controller; at least one output
bus coupled to an extinguishment supply and an actuating device for
releasing the extinguishment, the actuating device being coupled to
the centralized controller; and a manual actuating device coupled
to the input bus for communication with the centralized controller
to electrically signal the actuating device on the output bus to
provide for manual actuation via an electrical signal.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one input bus
includes at least one analog fire detection device, the device
being one of an analog or digital device.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the centralized controller is a
programmable controller including internal circuitry to detect the
status of at least one of the input bus and output bus, further
comprising a fire detection circuit coupled to the at least one
input bus, the internal circuitry detecting the status of the at
least one input bus so as to discern between: a fault condition, a
sensed detection, and a manual release along the fire detection
circuit depending upon a variable resistance in the internal
circuitry of the programmable controller.
4. The system of claim 9, wherein the internal circuitry detects
the status of the output bus, the output bus including a release
circuit, the internal circuitry includes a fault detection circuit
for the release circuit, the fault detection circuit including: a
first resistor, a first diode, a mini DIN connector, a second diode
and a third diode in series with the second diode and coupled to
ground, the mini DIN connector being coupled to the at least one
output bus and at least one actuating device, the controller
evaluating a detection voltage at the mini DIN connector to
determine if there is a ground fault in the releasing circuit, the
system including a power source providing a sensing current to
define the detection voltage, the power source being grounded to
the chassis of the vehicle.
5. The system of claim 2, wherein the fire detection device
includes one of: (i) a spot thermal detectors; (ii) a linear
detection wire; (iii) optical sensor; and (iv) a linear pressure
detector.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the detection device is an analog
device coupled to a detection module for digital communication with
the centralized controller.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the input bus includes a
plurality of interconnected cables, the cables including a linear
detection wire.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein interconnected cables form a
closed circuit with the controller, the input bus including a
branch terminator at the end of the linear detection wire.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the centralized controller is a
programmable controller including internal circuitry to detect the
status of at least one of the input bus and output bus, wherein
detecting the status of the at least one input bus includes
detecting one or more of: a normal state, ground state, an open
circuit, and a manual release.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the internal circuitry includes
a first portion coupled to the at least one input data bus, a
second portion coupled to the at least one output data bus, a third
portion for output to a display or audio device and a fourth
portion coupled to a power bus.
11. The system of claim 9, wherein the internal circuitry includes
a fault detection circuit.
12. The system of claim 10, wherein the fault detection circuitry
includes a first resistor, a first inductor, a mini DIN connector,
a second inductor and a second resistor coupled to ground; the mini
DIN connector being coupled to the at least one input bus to define
a path for a sensing signal through the first resistor, the first
inductor out the mini-DIN through the at least one input bus and
fire detection circuit and back through the mini-DIN connector,
through the second inductor and through the second resistor, the
controller evaluating the voltage across second resistor to
determine a fault in the fire detection circuit.
13. The system of claim 11, wherein the fault detection circuitry
includes a pair of terminals, the controller evaluates the voltage
across the terminals to determine a resistance value across the
terminals, the resistance values defining the state of the fire
detection circuit.
14. The system of claim 1, further comprising a fire detection
circuit and a detection module to couple the fire detection circuit
to the centralized controller, the detection module having internal
circuitry to detect the status of the fire detection circuit
including discerning between: a fault condition, a sensed
detection, and a manual release along the fire detection
circuit.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the internal circuitry includes
a fault detection circuit.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the fault detection circuit
includes a first resistor, a first inductor, a mini DIN connector,
a second inductor and a second resistor coupled to ground; the mini
DIN connector being coupled to the at least one input bus to define
a path for a sensing signal through the first resistor, the first
inductor out the mini-DIN through the at least one input bus and
fire detection circuit and back through the mini-DIN connector,
through the second inductor and through the second resistor, the
detection module evaluating the voltage across second resistor to
determine a fault in the fire detection circuit.
17. The system of claim 16, wherein the fault detection circuitry
includes a pair of terminals, the controller evaluates the voltage
across the terminals to determine a resistance value across the
terminals, the resistance values defining the state of the fire
detection circuit.
18. The system of claim 1, further comprising releasing circuit and
a releasing module to couple the releasing circuit to the
centralized controller, the releasing module having internal
circuitry to detect a fault in the releasing circuit, the internal
circuitry including: a first resistor, a first diode, a mini DIN
connector, a second diode and a third diode in series with the
second diode and coupled to ground, the mini DIN connector being
coupled to the at least one output bus and at least one actuating
device, the controller evaluating a detection voltage at the mini
DIN connector to determine if there is a ground fault in the
releasing circuit, the system including a power source providing a
sensing current to define the detection voltage, the power source
being grounded to the chassis of the vehicle.
19. The system of claim 1, further comprising a display device
coupled to the centralized controller, the display device having a
housing having an outer surface defining an opening and an internal
wall to define a chamber in communication with the opening, the
internal wall including an inclined surface to define taper of the
chamber in the direction of the opening to provide a drain, the
chamber being separated by a sounding disc.
20. A vehicle fire suppression system comprising: an input bus
having a plurality of detection fire detection devices to define a
fire detection circuit; a power supply; a centralized controller
coupled to the input bus and the power supply; and a monitoring
circuit to discern between: a fault condition, a sensed detection,
and a manual release along the fire detection circuit.
21. The system of claim 20, wherein the monitoring circuit includes
a resistance circuit to detect the state of the devices along the
input bus, wherein a range of resistance identifies the state of
the devices, the range including a dead range of resistance to
determine whether the actuation was automatic or manual.
22. The system of claim 20, wherein the monitoring circuit includes
a first resistor, a first inductor, a mini DIN connector, a second
inductor and a second resistor coupled to ground; the mini DIN
connector being coupled to the at least one input bus to define a
path for a sensing signal through the first resistor, the first
inductor out the mini-DIN through the at least one input bus and
fire detection circuit and back through the mini-DIN connector,
through the second inductor and through the second resistor, the
controller evaluating the voltage across second resistor to
determine a fault in the fire detection circuit.
23. The system of claim 22, wherein the monitoring circuit includes
a pair of terminals, the controller evaluates the voltage across
the terminals to determine a resistance value across the terminals,
the resistance values defining the state of the fire detection
circuit.
24. The system of claim 20, further comprising a detection module
to couple the input bus to the controller, the detection module
including the monitoring circuit to detect a fault in the fire
detection circuit.
25. The system of claim 24, wherein the monitoring circuit includes
a first resistor, a first inductor, a mini DIN connector, a second
inductor and a second resistor coupled to ground; the mini DIN
connector being coupled to the at least one input bus to define a
path for a sensing signal through the first resistor, the first
inductor out the mini-DIN through the at least one input bus and
fire detection circuit and back through the mini-DIN connector,
through the second inductor and through the second resistor, the
detection module evaluating the voltage across second resistor to
determine a fault in the fire detection circuit.
26. The system of claim 25, wherein the monitoring circuit includes
a pair of terminals, the controller evaluates the voltage across
the terminals to determine a resistance value across the terminals,
the resistance values defining the state of the fire detection
circuit.
27. The system of claim 20, further comprising a detection module
coupling the fire detection circuit to the centralized controller,
the detection module being programmable to detect a particular
hazard.
28. The system of claim 20, wherein the input bus includes a first
input bus protecting a first hazard and at least a second input bus
protecting a second hazard different than the first hazard.
29. A vehicle fire suppression system comprising: an output bus
having a plurality of actuating devices and at least one manual
actuating device to define a releasing circuit; a power supply; and
a centralized controller coupled to the output bus and the power
supply; and a fault detection circuit to detect a fault in the
releasing circuit, the fault detection circuit including a first
resistor, a first diode, a mini DIN connector, a second diode and a
third diode in series with the second diode and coupled to ground,
the mini DIN connector being coupled to the at least one output bus
and at least one actuating device, the controller evaluating a
detection voltage at the mini DIN connector to determine if there
is a ground fault in the releasing circuit, the system including a
power source providing a sensing current to define the detection
voltage, the power supply being grounded to the chassis of the
vehicle.
30. The system of claim 29, comprising at least one releasing
module to couple the output bus to the centralized controller, the
releasing module including the fault detection circuit to detect a
ground fault.
31. The system of claim 30, wherein the at least one releasing
module is coupled to a plurality of actuating devices, the
releasing module including internal circuitry for selective
actuation of each of the plurality of actuating devices.
32. The system of claim 31, wherein the plurality of actuating
devices each include a PAD and a pressurized cylinder, the
plurality of cylinders including five to ten cylinders.
33. The system of claim 29, further comprising an actuating
circuit, the actuating circuit providing for simultaneous or
sequential actuation of the plurality of actuating devices.
34. The system of claim 29, further comprising an actuating circuit
includes a releasing capacitor to provide a current source for the
releasing circuit, the releasing capacitor being charged by one of
an external power source; an internal source; or a vehicle battery,
actuating circuit including a mini-DIN connector for output of an
actuating current pulse through the output bus each of the
plurality of actuating devices and a current limiting circuit
having a first resistor.
35.-52. (canceled)
53. A connector for coupling a device to a signal bus for the
transfer of any one of power, data or sensing signals, the
connector comprising: a plurality of internal lines, the lines
having a first end and a second end with a connection end disposed
between, wherein when a voltage signal is applied at the first end
and a device is coupled to the connection end, the second end and
the connection end have the same voltage as the first end.
Description
PRIORITY CLAIM & INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
[0001] This international application claims the benefit of
priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/704,551,
filed Sep. 23, 2012 and 61/794,105 filed Mar. 15, 2013, each of
which is incorporated by reference in their entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Known vehicle fire suppression systems include the A-101
Fire Suppression System and the Automatic Fire Suppression System
(AFSS), each from ANSUL.RTM., a brand of Tyco Fire Protection
Products. Data/Specification Sheets describing each of the known
systems are attached as Exhibits to each of U.S. Provisional Patent
Application Nos. 61/704,551 and 61/794,105.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
[0003] The present invention is directed to a fire suppression
system for vehicles and industrial applications. The preferred
embodiments provide for arrangements of an input bus and output bus
coupled to a centralized controller to provide for automatic and
manual detection of a fire and manual and automatic system
actuation in response to the fire. The preferred arrangements
further provide for system information regarding the status and
operation of the system components. Additionally, the preferred
arrangements of system components provide for expandability and
programmability to configure a system for the protection of
multiple and variable hazards using customized or programmed
detection and/or actuation. Moreover, the embodiments described
herein facilitate system installation by using preferably
configured connectors and color coded schemes.
[0004] The preferred system includes a fire fighting agent supply
coupled to a one or more fixed nozzles to protect a hazard or area
in which an ignition source and fuel or flammable materials may be
found. The fire fighting agent supply preferably includes one or
more storage tanks or cylinders containing the fire fighting agent,
such as for example a chemical agent. Each storage tank cylinder
includes a pressurized cylinder assembly configured for
pressurizing the storage tanks for delivery of the agent under an
operating pressure to the nozzles to address a fire in the
hazard.
[0005] The pressurized cylinder assembly includes an actuating or
rupturing device or assembly which punctures a rupture disc of a
pressurized cylinder containing a pressurized gas, such as for
example nitrogen, to pressurize the storage tank for delivery of
the fire fighting agent under pressure. In order to operate the
rupturing device, the system provides for automatic actuation and
manual operation of the rupturing device to provide for respective
automated and manual delivery of the chemical agent in response to
a fire for protection of the hazard. The preferred rupturing device
includes a puncturing pin or member that is driven into the rupture
disc of the pressurized cylinder for release of the pressurized
gas. The puncturing pin of the rupturing device may be driven
electrically or pneumatically to puncture the rupture disc of the
pressurized cylinder. A preferred device for driving the puncturing
pin is a protracted actuation device (PAD), which includes an
electrically coupled rod or member that is disposed above the
puncturing pin. When an electrical signal is delivered to the PAD,
the rod of the PAD is driven into the puncturing pin which
punctures the rupture disc of the pressurized cylinder. The system
provides for automatic and manual operation of the PAD, and more
preferably provides for electric manual operation of the PAD.
[0006] The preferred system includes a preferably centralized
controller for automated and manual operation and monitoring of the
system. More specifically, the system includes a controller or
interface control module (ICM) that is preferably coupled to a
display device which displays information to a user and provides
for user input to the ICM. To provide for fire detection and
actuation of the pressurized cylinder assemblies and the fire
protection system, the ICM is coupled to at least one input data
communication bus for analog and digital devices and more
preferably one or more detection devices which provide for
automated or manual fire detection within the hazard. The ICM is
also coupled to an output bus for communication with the PADs to
initiate system actuation. The ICM is also coupled to an input
power supply bus for powering the ICM and providing the power,
detection, control and actuating signals respectively to the
detectors of the input bus and PADs of the output bus.
[0007] The preferred input bus includes one or more digital fire
detection devices and at least one manual actuating device. The
fire detectors of the system can include analog and digital devices
for various modes for fire detection including: (i) spot thermal
detectors to determine when the surrounding air exceeds a set
temperature, (ii) linear detection wire which conveys a detection
signal from two wires that are brought into contact upon a
separating insulation material melting in the presence of a fire,
(iii) optical sensors which differentiate between open flames and
hydrocarbon signatures, and (iv) a linear pressure detector in
which pressure of an air line increases in the presence of
sufficient heat. The actuating device is preferably a manual push
button which sends an actuating signal to the controller for output
of an electrical actuating signal to the PAD of the pressurized
cylinder assembly. Accordingly, the preferred system provides for
manual actuation of the system via an electrical signal to the PAD.
The devices of the input bus may be interconnected by connection
cable which may include one or more sections of linear detection
wire. The connection cable of the input bus is coupled to the ICM.
The detection devices may be digital devices for direct
communication with the ICM. Alternatively, the detection devices
may be analog devices which are coupled to a detection module for
preferred digital communication with the ICM.
[0008] The ICM is preferably a programmable controller having a
processor or microchip. The ICM may include an input device, i.e.,
a toggle switch or alternatively the ICM may be coupled to a
separate user interface for program input, such as for example, the
accompanying display device. Alternatively, the ICM may include
wireless communication capabilities, a USB or other port for
connection to a computer through which the program, system history,
customized settings or firmware may be entered, uploaded or
downloaded. In one preferred embodiment, the ICM can be configured
to program the detection or actuating devices respectively disposed
on the input and output buses. Exemplary device programming, for
example, can set threshold levels and other parameters to provide
for customized detection for a particular hazard. Accordingly,
customized programming of the detection device can provide for
protection of multiple and variable hazards.
[0009] The ICM preferably receives input signals on the input bus
from the detection devices for processing and where appropriate,
generating an actuating signal to the PAD along the output bus.
Moreover, the processor is preferably configured for receiving
feedback signals from each of the input and output buses to
determine the status of the system and its various components. More
specifically, the ICM may include internal circuitry to detect the
status of the input bus, i.e., in a normal state, ground state,
whether there is an open circuit, or whether there has been a
signal for manual release. Alternatively or in addition to,
detection modules can be configured with internal circuitry that
communicates with the ICM to detect the status of the detection
device, i.e., in a normal state, short circuit, ground state, open
circuit, manual release and/or automatic release.
[0010] In one embodiment of the system, the actuating devices or
PADs are coupled to the output bus for direct communication with
the ICM. Accordingly, the internal circuitry of the preferred ICM
can detect the status of the actuating device, e.g., ground fault.
Alternatively, a releasing module may couple the PADs device to the
ICM. The preferred releasing modules include internal circuitry so
as to be individually identifiable or addressable by the ICM. The
preferred releasing module can be further configured to couple
multiple PADs to the ICM. Accordingly, the preferred releasing
module can be used to expand the protection capability of the
system by facilitating the addition of storage tanks and
pressurized cylinder assemblies to protect the hazard or to protect
additional hazard areas.
[0011] The releasing module and ICM can be configured individually
or in combination to define a desired actuating sequence or pattern
for actuating the PADs coupled to the releasing module.
Accordingly, in one particular aspect, the releasing module and/or
ICM is configured to provide for selective electrical actuation of
multiple suppression devices including electrically actuating more
than four or up to ten or more actuating devices or PADs. A
preferred internal circuitry provides for sufficient current
actuating pulse to the PADs, preferably 3 Amps at 24 volts and more
preferably 3 Amps at 40 volts to supply sufficient energy to
actuate multiple actuating devices or PADs. In addition, the
internal circuitry can detect the status of the actuating device or
PAD, for example, to determine if there is a ground fault.
[0012] The ability to interconnect and expand system components
with a central controller over one or more input and output bus
lines provides for fire suppression systems of varying complexity.
In one particular embodiment, the system includes a controller, a
first input bus with at least one fire detection device and at
least one manual actuating device, the input bus provides for
connecting analog and digital devices to the centralized
controller. An output bus with at least one actuation device
coupled to a pressurized cylinder for discharge of a fire fighting
agent. In another embodiment, the system includes a controller, a
first input bus, at least a second input bus with at least one fire
detection device and at least one manual actuating device, and an
output bus with at least one actuation device coupled to a
pressurized cylinder for discharge of a fire fighting agent. Yet
another embodiment provides for an input bus and an output bus with
each bus including at least one programmable module coupled to the
ICM for control of the devices along the input and output
buses.
[0013] The preferred system includes a display interface device to
monitor, operate and preferably program the ICM and the components
disposed along the input and output buses. In one particular
aspect, the display provides visual indication of the status of the
input and output buses including, e.g., indication of: a normal
state, ground state, open circuit, manual release. Moreover, the
preferred display is coupled to the ICM to provide for programming
and operational input. For example, the ICM includes visual
indicators and/or visual displays that are coupled with user input
devices, such as for example, push buttons, toggle switches, and/or
directional buttons in order to scroll, select, edit, reset and/or
input, etc. operational parameters of the system and its
components. In one particular aspect, the interface display
includes a manual actuating button to send an electrical actuating
signal to the ICM to relay a corresponding manual electric
actuation signal to the actuation device or PAD on the output bus.
In another particular aspect, the interface display includes a
display screen coupled to any one of a visual or audible alarm
which indicates system problem requiring attention. The interface
display further preferably includes a silence button to silence the
alarm for a defined period of time, for example, two hours before
the alarm notifies system personnel of an unresolved issue. Given
the harsh environmental conditions around which the fire
suppression system may be installed, the alarm is preferably
constructed within the housing of the user interface display and is
constructed to provide drainage in the presence of water or
rain.
[0014] In one particular aspect, the visual indicators of the
interface display include LEDs which indicate the status of system
components using, for example, a binary indicator, i.e., on-off.
Alternatively, the LEDs may use a color scheme to indicate the
status of a system component, i.e., green--normal status,
yellow--fault, red--open connection. In addition or alternatively,
the interface display may use text and/or dynamic or static images
to visually indicate the system status. For example, the display
may use pictures or icons as the visual indicators.
[0015] A preferred embodiment of a vehicle fire suppression system
includes a centralized controller; at least one input bus coupled
to the centralized controller; at least one output bus to the
centralized controller; at least one fire detection circuit
including a plurality of fire detection devices and at least one
manual actuating device. The fire detection circuit is coupled to
the at least one input bus for monitoring of the fire detection
circuit. At least one releasing circuit having at least one
actuating device for electric and pneumatic release of an
extinguishment is preferably coupled to the at least one output bus
for monitoring of the releasing circuit. An alarm is preferably
coupled to at least one controller for providing an audio signal
indicting the status of the system along any one of the detection
circuit and the releasing circuit. At least one user interface
device is coupled to the centralized controller to program at least
one of the plurality of detection devices or the at least one
actuating device to define operational parameters including any one
of threshold levels, time delays, or discharge sequences and
patterns, the at least one user interface includes at least one LED
indicator to indicate the status of the system including a normal
status, a fire detection condition, and a release condition, the at
least one user interface includes at least one toggle button to any
one of input, select, edit, reset the operational parameters of the
plurality of detection devices and the at least one actuating
device. The at least one toggle button includes a manual actuating
button for sending a manual actuating signal to the at least one
actuating device and a silence button for the audio signal.
[0016] The components and more particularly the devices of the
input bus are preferably interconnected by wire or cable. In one
particular system embodiment, the connection cable carries control,
power, data and/or sensing signals between the detection devices
and the ICM. A preferred connector is provided for interconnecting
segments of the connection cable so as to define a main bus of
power for use by the devices of the input bus. One particular
embodiment of a connector is substantially T-shaped having a first
end, a second end and an intermediate connector end extending
between the first and second end. The preferred connector includes
at least one, and more preferably four internal wire(s), which
extends from the first end to the intermediate connector and to the
second end. With the first end of the connector coupled to an
electrical signal defining an operating voltage, the internal wire
of the preferred connector has the same voltage at each of its
first, second and intermediate ends. Accordingly, connection wire
coupled to the second end of the preferred connector receives the
same input voltage as is provided at the first end of the
connector. In another aspect, a device, such as for example, a
sensing device may engage the intermediate connection end such that
the device receives the signal at the same voltage that is provided
at the first end of the connector. The preferred connector
therefore provides main bus voltage along the length of the input
bus.
[0017] In yet another aspect of the connection system, a color
scheme is employed to facilitate proper interconnection between
system components. For example, the ICM may include input ports
configured with terminal connectors for engaging one or more
connection cables of the input and/or output bus. The connection
cable may include a colored connector at its end and the terminal
connectors of the ICM may include correspondingly or similarly
colored connectors for engaging the end of the connection cable.
The use of one or more color schemes facilitates installation of
the system and or prevents tampering or accidental
disconnection.
BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and
constitute part of this specification, illustrate exemplary
embodiments of the invention, and, together with the general
description given above and the detailed description and
attachments given below, serve to explain the features of the
invention.
[0019] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of a
fire suppression system.
[0020] FIG. 1A is a schematic illustration of another embodiment of
a fire suppression system.
[0021] FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of a
centralized controller in the system of FIG. 1.
[0022] FIG. 3 is one embodiment of a fault detection circuit used
in the controller of FIG. 2.
[0023] FIG. 3A is another embodiment of a fault detection circuit
used in the controller of FIG. 2.
[0024] FIG. 4 is a is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of
a detection module used in the system of FIG. 1A.
[0025] FIG. 5 is a is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of
a releasing module used in the system of FIG. 1A.
[0026] FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of another embodiment of
a fire suppression system having one input bus and one output
bus.
[0027] FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of another embodiment of
a fire suppression system having two input buses and one output
bus.
[0028] FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of another embodiment of
a fire suppression system using the modules of FIGS. 4 & 5.
[0029] FIG. 9A is an interface display devices for use with the
system of FIG. 8
[0030] FIG. 9B are alternate interface display devices for use with
the systems of FIGS. 6 & 7.
[0031] FIG. 9C is another embodiment of interface display
device.
[0032] FIGS. 10A-10C are schematic illustrations of an installed
preferred cable connector.
[0033] FIG. 11 is a preferred embodiment of a terminal connector of
a controller used in the system of FIG. 7.
[0034] FIG. 12 is one preferred embodiment of an alarm sounder for
use in the interface display devices of FIGS. 9A & 9B.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0035] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a first embodiment of
a suppression system 10 that includes a fire fighting agent supply
coupled to a preferably fixed nozzle 12 to protect a hazard H or
area in which an ignition source and fuel or flammable materials
may be found. As shown, the fire fighting agent supply preferably
includes one or more storage tanks or cylinders 14 containing the
fire fighting agent, such as for example a chemical agent. Each
storage tank 14 cylinder preferably includes a pressurized cylinder
assembly 16 configured for pressurizing the cylinders 14 for
delivery of the agent under an operating pressure to the nozzle 12
to address a fire in the hazard H. The preferred pressurized
cylinder assembly 16 includes a rupturing device 16a which
punctures a rupture disc of a pressurized cylinder 16b containing a
pressurized gas, such as for example nitrogen, to pressurize the
storage tank 14 for delivery of the fire fighting agent under
pressure.
[0036] In order to operate the rupturing device 16a, the system 10
provides for automatic actuation and manual operation of the
rupturing device 16a to provide for respective automated and manual
delivery of the chemical agent in response a fire for protection of
the hazard H. The preferred rupturing or actuating device or
assembly 16a includes a puncturing pin or member that is driven
into the rupture disc of the pressurized cylinder 16b for release
of the pressurized gas. The puncturing pin of the rupturing device
16a may be driven electrically or pneumatically to puncture the
rupture disc of the pressurized cylinder 16b.
[0037] The actuating device 16 preferably includes a protracted
actuation device (PAD) 18 for driving the puncturing pin of the
assembly into the rupture disc. The PAD 18 generally includes an
electrically coupled rod or member that is disposed above the
puncturing pin. When an electrical signal is delivered to the PAD
18, the rod of the PAD is driven directly or indirectly into the
puncturing pin which punctures the rupture disc of the pressurized
cylinder 16b. A preferred pressurized cylinder assembly is shown in
Form No. F-95143-05 which is attached to U.S. Provisional Patent
Application No. 61/704,551 and shows a known rupturing device for
either manual and pneumatic or automatic electrical operation to
drive a puncture pin. The system 10 provides for automatic and
manual operation of the PAD 18. Unlike prior industrial/fire
suppression systems having PADs and rupture discs, the preferred
system 10 provides for electric manual operation of the PAD 18 as
explained in greater detail below. The system 10 can further
provide for one or more remote manual operating stations 5 to
manually actuate the system. As is known in the art, the manual
operating stations 5 can rupture a canister of pressurized gas, for
example, nitrogen at 1800 psi, to fill and pressurize an actuation
line which in turn drives the puncturing pin of the rupturing
assembly 16a into the rupturing disc thereby actuating the system
10.
[0038] With reference to FIG. 1, the preferred system includes a
preferably centralized controller for automated and manual
operation and monitoring of the system 10. More specifically, the
system 10 includes the centralized controller or interface control
module (ICM) 20. Preferably coupled to the ICM 20 is a display
device 22 which displays information to a user and a provides for
user input to the ICM 20. An audio alarm or speaker 23 may also be
coupled to the ICM 20 to provide for an audio alert regarding the
status of the system 10. More preferably, an audio alarm or sounder
is incorporated into the housing of the display device 22 and
configured to operate in a wet environment. Shown in FIG. 12 is a
representative image of a display device housing having a sounder
chamber 19 separated by a sounding disc 19a. The interior of the
chamber preferably includes an inclined or oblique surface to
define one or more tapering walls 19b of the chamber 19 which lead
to an opening 19c which permits drainage of any water or moisture
while preferably maximizing alarm output. The sounder chamber 19 is
preferably located along the housing such that moisture can drain
from the chamber 19 when the display device housing is in its
installed position.
[0039] To provide for fire detection and actuation of the cylinder
assemblies 16 and the fire protection system, the ICM 20 further
includes an input data bus 24 coupled to one or more detection
sensors, an output data bus 26 coupled to the preferred PADs 18 and
input power supply bus 30 for powering the ICM 20 and the control
and actuating signals as explained in greater detail below. The
input bus 24 preferably provides for interconnection of digital and
analog devices to the ICM 20; and more preferably includes one or
more fire detection devices 32 and preferably at least one manual
actuating device 34. The fire detection devices 32 of the system 10
can include analog and digital devices for various modes for fire
detection including: (i) spot thermal detectors 32a to determine
when the surrounding air exceeds a set temperature, (ii) linear
detection wire 32b which conveys a detection signal from two wires
that are brought into contact upon a separating insulation material
melting in the presence of a fire, (iii) optical sensors 32c which
differentiate between open flames and hydrocarbon signatures, and
(iv) a linear pressure detector 32d in which pressure of an air
line increases in the presence of sufficient heat. Examples of the
detection devices are shown and described in which is attached to
U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/704,551. The manual
actuating device 34 is preferably a manual push button which sends
an actuating signal to the ICM 20 for output of an electrical
actuating signal along to the PAD 18 of the pressurized cylinder
assembly 16. Accordingly, the preferred system provides for manual
actuation of the system via an electrical signal to the PAD.
Together the detection and manual actuating devices 32, 34 define a
detecting circuit of the system 10 of either an automatic or manual
detection of a fire event.
[0040] The devices 32, 34 of the input bus 24 may be interconnected
by two or more interconnected connection cables which may include
one or more sections of linear detection wire 32b. The cables are
preferably connected by connectors 25. The connection cable of the
input bus 24 is coupled to the ICM. The connection cables of the
input and output buses 24, 26 preferably define closed electrical
circuits with the ICM 20. Accordingly, a bus may include one or
more branch terminators, for example, at the end of a linear
detection wire. Additionally, the detecting circuit can include an
end of line element which terminates the physically furthest end of
the input bus, for example, and monitors the detecting circuit of
the system 10. The detection devices 32, 34 may be digital devices
for direct communication with the ICM as seen in FIG. 1.
Alternatively, the detection devices may be analog devices which
are coupled to one or more detection modules 36 for preferred
digital communication with the ICM as schematically shown in FIG.
1A.
[0041] Referring again to FIG. 1, the ICM 20 is preferably a
programmable controller having a microprocessor or microchip. The
ICM preferably receives input signals on the input bus 24 from the
detection devices 32 for processing and where appropriate,
generating an actuating signal to the PAD along the output bus 26.
Moreover, the processor is preferably configured for receiving
feedback signals from each of the input and output buses to
determine the status of the system and its various components. More
specifically, the ICM may include internal circuitry to detect the
status of the input bus, i.e., in a normal state, ground state,
whether there is an open circuit, or whether there has been a
signal for manual release.
[0042] Shown schematically in FIG. 2 is the ICM 20 and its internal
components coupled with detection devices 32, 34 along input data
bus 24 and with PAD 18 along output data bus 26. In one embodiment
of the ICM 20, the internal components preferably include a
microprocessor 40 coupled to internal circuitry 42 having a first
portion 42a coupled to the input data bus 24, second portion 42b
coupled to the output data bus 26, a third portion 42c for output
to the display and/or audio devices 22, 23 and a fourth portion 42d
of internal circuitry 42 coupled to the power bus 30 for receiving
power from the power supply.
[0043] In one preferred aspect of the system, the ICM 20 and its
internal components are configured to monitor the status of the
input data bus and the detection devices 32, 34. More specifically,
the ICM 20 and its internal components can be configured to
determine whether the input data bus 24 and the associated
components have experienced a fault condition due to either
environmental conditions such as, for example, vibration, moisture
or wear. Moreover, the internal components of the ICM 20 can be
configured with a monitoring circuit in its internal circuitry to
discern whether the input data bus 24 and its associated devices
32, 34 are in any one of a: (i) normal state; (ii) a sensed or
automated detection state; and/or (iii) a manual release detection
state (manual actuation). In addition, the internal circuitry
provides for a deadzone or unused range of voltage/resistance to
discern from an automatic or sensed detection from a detection
device 32 or a manual release detection from a manually operated
actuating device 34.
[0044] With reference to FIG. 2, the first portion 42a of the
internal circuitry of the ICM 20 defines in part or whole the
preferred fault detection circuit 44 in combination with the
microprocessor 40 for the input bus 24 and the associated
components 32,34. Shown in FIG. 3 is a preferred monitoring circuit
44 for the first portion 42a of the internal circuit. The
monitoring circuit 44 includes a first resistor R34, a first
inductor L5, a mini DIN connector J9, a second inductor L7 and a
second resistor R50 coupled to ground. Coupled to the mini DIN J9
is the input bus 24 at pins 4 and 2. In detecting a fault, a
sensing current, preferably about 200 microamps (200 .mu.A) is sent
through the first resistor R34, the first inductor L5, out pin 4 of
the mini-DIN through the input bus 24 and its devices 32, 34 and
back through the mini-DIN J9 at pin 2, through the second inductor
L,7 and through the second resistor R50. The microprocessor 40
evaluates the voltage across second resistor R50 to determine if
there is a fault in the input bus 24 and associate devices. If it
is determined that there is a voltage across second resistor R50
then there is no fault. If there is no voltage across second
resistor R50, then there is a fault. To determine as to whether or
not the fault is a ground fault, i.e., wire in contact with the
vehicle chassis or an open circuit, the microprocessor 40 evaluates
the voltage at each of the first terminal T1 and second terminal T2
of the monitoring circuit. From the voltage differential, the
microprocessor 50 determines a resistance value across the
terminals T1, T2 which define the state of the detection circuit
defined by the input bus 24 and its associated devices 32, 34. In
one particular embodiment, if the state of the detection circuit
24, 32, 34 is defined by the following resistance values (ohms),
measured at T1, T2: (i) 350-500 ohms and 700-10,000 ohms=normal
state; (ii) 0-350 ohms=a sensed or automated detection state; (iii)
500-700 ohms=a manual release detection state (manual actuation);
and (iv) greater than (>) 10,000 ohms=an open circuit.
Accordingly, the range of resistance at 350-500 ohms defines a
non-state or deadzone for the monitoring circuit 44 to create a gap
between the sensed and manual released detection resistance values
so that the system can distinguish between the two states. The
preferred open circuit range of greater than 10,000 ohms is defined
by a preferred total system wire length and resistance providing an
equivalent resistance of about ohms. Accordingly, the open circuit
range can be alternatively configured so long as it accounts for
the equivalent resistance of the system. The sensing current is
preferably taken from the power bus 30. Where the system 10 is a
vehicle fire suppression system, in order to properly detect a
ground fault state, the ground is power supply coupled to the power
bus is preferably referenced or grounded to the vehicle
chassis.
[0045] With reference to FIG. 1A, and the alternate embodiment of
the system 10' having detection modules 36 disposed between the
detection devices 32, 34 and the ICM 20, the detection modules 36
can be configured with internal circuitry that communicates with
the ICM to detect a fault state in the detection circuit defined by
the input data bus 24 and the associated devices 32, 34. Shown in
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the internal components of
one embodiment of a detection module 36. The detection module 36
preferably includes its own microprocessor 50 and associated
internal circuitry 52. The internal circuitry 52 preferably
includes a first portion 52 as in communication with the ICM 20 via
the input bus 24. Additionally, the internal circuitry has a second
portion 52b in communication with one or more of the detection
devices 32, 34. Moreover, the second portion 52b of the internal
circuit preferably includes a monitoring circuit that works in
conjunction with the detection module processor 50 to detect a
fault within the input data buses and associated detection devices
32, 34. More preferably, the monitoring circuit is configured as
the monitoring circuit 44 previously described and shown in FIG. 3
with the microprocessor 50 measuring and processing the voltages
across detection resistor 50 and terminal ends T1, T2 to determine
the state of the detection circuit. The detected status or feedback
from the fault detection circuit, as defined by the detected
resistance in the detection resistor R50, can be communicated from
the detection module 36 to the ICM 20 over the input 24 for display
to the operator at display device 22.
[0046] Referring again to FIG. 1, the output bus 26 and the
actuating devices or PADs 18 in combination with the ICM 20
preferably define the releasing circuit of the system 10. As with
the detection side, it is desirable to detect faults and more
particularly ground faults, in the releasing circuit that may have
come about due to environmental conditions, such as for example,
vibration, moisture or wear. In one embodiment of the system, the
actuating devices or PADs 18 are coupled to the output bus 26 for
direct communication with the ICM. Accordingly, the internal
circuitry of the preferred ICM can detect the status of the
actuating device, e.g., ground fault.
[0047] Referring again to FIG. 2, shown is a schematic illustration
of the ICM 20 including its microprocessor 40 and associated
internal circuitry having a second portion 42b in communication
with the PADs 18 of the system 10 over the output data bus 26. To
provide for ground fault detection in the releasing circuit defined
by output bus 26 and PADs 18, the second portion 42b of the
internal circuit define in whole or part, a preferred ground fault
monitoring circuit.
[0048] Shown in FIG. 3A is a preferred ground fault detection
circuit 60 for the release circuit of the system 10. The ground
fault detection circuit 60 preferably includes a first resistor
R31, a first diode D16, a mini DIN connector J10, a second diode
D26 and a third diode D28 in series with the second diode D26 and
coupled to ground. Coupled to the mini DIN J10 is the output bus 26
at pins 1 and 2. In starting ground fault detection, a sensing
current, preferably from the power source bus 30 is initiated by
processor 40 by applying a voltage differential across first
resistor R31. In one embodiment, the initiating voltage
("Pullup_Enable") is equivalent to a reference voltage established
by an A/D converter reading the voltage ("PAD_Detect") at terminal
PD1 by processor 40, which detects a PAD 18 of the system. The
initiated current flows through resistor R31 and first diode D16,
out through mini DIN J10 at pin 1, through the PAD(s) 18, back into
the monitoring circuit through pin 2 of the mini-DIN J10, then
through second and third diodes D26, D28 to circuit ground. If
there is no ground fault in the releasing circuit defined by the
output bus 26 and PAD(s) 18, current will flow through second and
third diodes D26, 28; and as a result, a voltage of a few hundred
millivolts is detectable at pin 1 of the mini DIN J10. Accordingly,
the microprocessor 40 of the ICM 20 is preferably configured to
monitor the voltage at pin 1 of the mini DIN J10. When the
microprocessor 40 of the ICM 20 determines that there is only
background noise voltage and substantially no voltage at pin 1 due
to the lack of current flow at the first and second diodes D26,
D28, the ground fault detection circuit 60 and ICM can indicate a
ground fault in the releasing circuit of the system 10. In one
aspect of the preferred ground fault detection circuit 60 for a
vehicle suppression system, the power source providing the sensing
current is preferably grounded or referenced to the vehicle
chassis. Accordingly, a ground fault condition is defined by a wire
of the PAD 18 contacting the vehicle chassis such that current
flowing through the ground fault detection circuit 60 travels
through the chassis instead of the first and second diodes D26, D28
because current flow through the chassis or ground is the path of
least resistance.
[0049] Alternatively to coupling the PADs 18 for direct
communication with the ICM 20, a releasing module may couple the
PAD devices 18 to the ICM 20. With reference to FIG. 1A, and the
alternate embodiment of the system 10' having releasing modules 70
disposed between the detection devices 32, 34 and the ICM 20, the
releasing modules 70 can be configured with internal circuitry that
communicates with the ICM to detect a ground fault in the releasing
circuit defined by the output data bus 24 and the associated
actuating devices 18. The preferred releasing module 70 can couple
a single PAD 18 to the ICM 20 or alternatively couple multiple PADs
18 to the ICM. Accordingly, the preferred releasing module 70 can
be used to expand the protection capability of the system by
facilitating the addition of storage tanks and pressurized cylinder
assemblies to protect the hazard or to protect additional hazard
areas.
[0050] Moreover, the releasing module 70 can be configured with a
ground fault monitoring circuit, such as for example, ground fault
detection circuit 60 previously described to determine if any PAD
18 coupled to the releasing module 70 has a ground fault. Shown in
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the internal components of
one embodiment of a releasing module 70. The releasing module 70
preferably includes its own microprocessor 72 and associated
internal circuitry 74. The internal circuitry 74 preferably
includes a first portion 74a in communication with the ICM 20 via
the output data bus 26. Additionally, the internal circuitry has a
second portion 74b in communication with one or more of the
actuation devices or PADs 18. Moreover, the second portion 74b of
the internal circuit preferably includes a monitoring circuit that
works in conjunction with the releasing module processor 72 to
detect a ground fault within the output data bus 26 and associated
actuation devices 18. More preferably, the monitoring circuit is
configured as the monitoring circuit 60 previously described and
shown in FIG. 3A with the microprocessor 50 measuring and
processing the voltages at pin 1 of the mini-DIN J10 to determine
the state of the releasing circuit. The detected status or feedback
from the ground fault detection circuit 60 can be communicated from
the releasing module 70 to the ICM 20 over the output bus 26 for
display to the operator at display device 22.
[0051] The preferred detection and releasing modules 36, 70 include
internal circuitry so as to be individually identifiable or
addressable by the ICM 20 for communication and/or system
programming. Moreover, the releasing module can be configured to
define a desired actuating sequence or pattern for actuating the
PADs coupled to the releasing module. Accordingly, in one
particular aspect, the releasing module is configured to provide
for selectively firing multiple suppression devices including up to
actuating up to about ten actuating devices or PADs. The preferred
releasing module includes internal circuitry which provides for
sufficient current, preferably 3 Amps at 24 volts to supply
sufficient energy to actuate the multiple actuating devices or
PADs. In addition, the internal circuitry of the preferred ICM can
detect the status of the actuating device or PAD, for example, to
determine if there is a ground fault.
[0052] The systems 10 include multiple storage tanks 14 and
pressurized cylinder assemblies 16 for their actuation. The system
10 is preferably configured with the plurality of pressurized
cylinder assemblies daisy chained in series with the releasing
circuit configured to electrically actuate each pressurized
cylinder assembly 16 in the chain. To address the current
requirements for such a configuration, the preferred suppression
system 10 includes an actuating circuit to provide high current for
electrically actuating more than one cylinder assembly 16, and more
preferably more than four pressurized cylinder assemblies 16
interconnected along the output bus 26, which define the releasing
circuit of the system 10. The actuating circuit preferably actuates
five pressurized cylinder assemblies in series, and more preferably
actuate as many as ten (10) and even more preferably more than ten
pressurized cylinder assemblies 16 in series. Generally, the
preferred high current circuit includes a capacitor that stores
current during an unactuated state of the system 10, and discharges
the stored current preferably as a current pulse to actuate more
than four PADs 18 and more preferably up to ten PADs 18. The
actuation of the PADs may be simultaneous or alternatively
sequential. The high current actuating circuit preferably provides
3 Amps at 24 Volts for actuating the PADs 18 of the releasing
circuit of the system 10. Alternatively or in addition to, the
actuating circuit preferably provides 3 Amps at 40 Volts for
actuating the PADs 18 of the releasing circuit of the system
10.
[0053] The actuating circuit 80 may further include a crow bar
circuit as is known in the art to monitor, control and/or limit the
release of the preferred stored voltage in order such that the
actuating current pulse is sufficiently high to actuate the
pressurized cylinder assemblies 16; yet sufficiently low to permit
the use of connection cable of the output bus 26 having a length of
250 feet or more. Minimizing the current pulse through the output
bus 26 permits the use of lower gauge wire of the interconnecting
cable lengths of 250 feet or more. The actuating circuit may
further include a monitoring circuit to monitor the magnitude of
the current pulse.
[0054] Again, each PAD 18 is preferably configured to receive a
current pulse which drives its rod member into the actuating pin of
the rupturing device 16a to rupture the rupture disc of the
pressurized cylinder 16b. The current pulse has a pulse duration of
about 10 ms. Moreover, the current pulse preferably defines a
magnitude based on the number of actuating devices or PADs coupled
to the actuating circuit. More preferably, the actuating circuit is
configured with a current pulse magnitude of about 3 Amps DC for
the actuation of more than four PADs and more preferably five PADs
of the releasing circuit of system 10. The five PADs 18 preferably
define a series connected of actuating devices defining a total
load on the actuating circuit of about 9 Ohms. To provide the pulse
current, the preferred actuating circuit includes a current source
in the form of a releasing capacitor charged to a sufficient
voltage to provide sufficient current, i.e., 3 Amps, over at least
two current pulses. In one particular embodiment the releasing
capacitor is charged to 40 Volts before discharge of the 3 Amps of
current pulse. The number of PADs or load may be greater than five
provided the current pulse magnitude is proportionally and more
preferably incrementally increased along with a sufficient increase
in the charging voltage of the source capacitor to provide the
requisite current over at least two current pulses.
[0055] Referring again to FIG. 3A, shown is an exemplary actuating
circuit 80 that overlaps or is coupled to a portion of the ground
fault detection circuit 60. The actuating circuit 80 includes a
releasing capacitor C35, which serves as a current source for the
releasing circuit of the system 10. The releasing capacitor C35
preferably has a storage capacity of about 3300 microfarad (.mu.F),
which is preferably charged to 40 Volts by an external power
source. Alternatively, the releasing capacitor C35 may be charged
by an internal source, such as for example a supercapacitor, i.e.,
electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) or a vehicle battery, upon a
releasing signal from the detection circuit of the system to the
preferred 40 volts.
[0056] Referring again to FIG. 3A, the actuating circuit 80 further
includes the mini-DIN J10 for output of the preferred actuating
current pulse through the output bus 26 to each of the PADs 18 of
the system 10. Formed between the releasing capacitor C35 and the
mini DIN J10 is a current limiting circuit which preferably limits
the actuating current pulse to no more than 3 Amps. The current
limiting circuit includes a first resistor R52 for receiving a
releasing signal ("PAD_Release") from the microprocessor of the ICM
20 or releasing module 70. Accordingly, the actuating circuit 80
may be embodied in the internal circuitry of the ICM 20 or a
releasing module 70. When the microcontroller gives the command for
release, the "PAD_Release" line is pulled from ground to Vcc (3.3
Volts). This turns transistor Q12 on so as to saturate it
(Vce<100 mV) and the releasing voltage C35 is dropped across R43
and R51. This makes a source to gate voltage (-Vgs) at transistor
Q10 sufficiently large so as to conduct from source to drain and
carry current. But as the current from source to drain builds from
zero it produces a voltage across resistor R40 in proportion to it.
As source current increases, transistor Q11 will start to turn on,
because its emitter-base junction is connected across resistor R40,
and the emitter to base voltage is approximately 0.7V. When
transistor Q11 turns on, collector current starts to flow and this
raises the voltage on the gate of transistor Q10 with respect to
ground, which reduces the gate to source voltage |-Vgs|, which
leads to a reduction in conductivity from source to drain. The
current output has a ceiling of approximately 0.7V/0.18.OMEGA.,
which is 3.9 A. The value of the "ceiling" varies inversely with
respect to the resistor R40.
[0057] The ability to interconnect and expand system components
with a central controller over one or more input and output bus
lines provides for fire suppressions systems of varying complexity.
In one particular embodiment shown schematically in FIG. 6, the
system 100 includes a controller 120, an interface display 122, a
first input bus 124 with at least one fire detection device 132 and
more preferably at least three spot thermal detectors 132a, 132b,
132c, and a linear wire detector 132d; however, it should be
understood that the number or type of devices 132 could be varied.
The first input bus 124 further preferably includes at least one
manual actuating device 134 and more preferably at least two manual
actuating devices 134a, 134b. The system 100 further includes an
output bus 124 with at least one actuation device and more
preferably two PADs 118, each coupled to a pressurized cylinder
assembly 116 for discharge of a fire fighting agent.
[0058] Another embodiment of the fire suppression system can be
configured with at least two input bus lines which can protect more
than one hazard. Shown schematically in FIG. 7 is the system 210
includes a controller 220, an interface display 222, a first input
bus 224a and at least a second input bus 224b, each input bus
having a plurality of fire detection devices 232 and manual
actuating devices 234. In one aspect of the preferred system 210,
the first and second input buses 224a, 224b are configured for
respectively protecting first hazard H1 and at least second hazard
H2. In one aspect, first and second hazard can define different
zone, areas or occupancies of a vehicle being protected. The system
210 further includes an output bus 226 with a plurality of
actuation devices 205, 218 and more preferably a plurality of PADs
218, each coupled to a pressurized cylinder assembly 216 for
discharge of a fire fighting agent for protection of the first
hazard H1 and at least the second hazard 2. Accordingly, two or
more input buses provide one method of configuring the preferred
fire suppression system for protecting separate hazards that may
have different detection and/or actuation requirements for
protection of the individual hazards.
[0059] Shown schematically in FIG. 8 is another embodiment of fire
suppression system 310 that incorporates an input bus 324 and an
output bus 326 with each bus respectively including one or more
detection and releasing modules as previously described. The system
310 includes a controller or ICM 320, an interface display 322, an
input bus 324 having a plurality of detection devices 332 and/or
manual actuating devices 334 interconnected by one or more
detection modules 336 to the ICM 320. The system 310 further
preferably includes with one or more actuation devices 305, 318 and
more preferably a plurality of PADs 318 interconnected by one or
more of release modules 370 to the ICM 320.
[0060] The microprocessors in each of the individual detection
modules 336 can be programmed separately to set the detection
parameters for the detection device(s) 332 associated with the
detection module 336. In another preferred configuration of the
suppression system 310, separate detection module and device
combinations 336, 332 can be configured or programmed to provide
fire detection to different hazards requiring different detection
parameters. In another preferred configuration of the suppression
system 310, separate detection module and device combinations 336,
332 can be configured or programmed to provide fire detection to
different hazards H1, H2 requiring different detection parameters.
In another preferred configuration of the suppression system 310,
separate release module and actuating device combinations 370, 318
can be configured or programmed to provide fire detection to
different hazards H1, H2 requiring different suppression
parameters, e.g., actuating sequence or pattern. Accordingly, a
preferred fire suppression system 310 with programmable modules
336, 370 provides another arrangement for protection of separate
hazards that may have different or variable detection and/or
actuation requirements to address a fire in the individual
hazards.
[0061] In order to configure a preferred fire suppression system
for protection of one or more hazards, the system may be
programmed. With reference to FIG. 1, the ICM 20 may include an
input device, i.e., a toggle switch or alternatively the ICM may be
coupled to a separate user interface for program input, such as for
example, the one or more accompanying display device 22.
Alternatively, the ICM may include wireless communication
capabilities, a USB or other port 41, as seen in FIG. 2, for
connection to a computer, external media or other input device
through which a program, system history, customized settings or
firmware may be entered, uploaded or downloaded. In one preferred
embodiment, the ICM can be configured to program the detection or
actuating devices 32, 34 and or modules 36, 70 respectively
disposed on the input and output buses. In another aspect, the ICM
20 may include or be coupled to one or more relay and/or canbus
modules 43 for communication with a subsystem of a vehicle, e.g.,
vehicle electronics using J1939 communication protocol or an engine
compartment to begin for example, vehicle shut down in the event of
a fire. The relays can be programmed based on the state of the ICM
20, detection module or release module status. Accordingly,
exemplary device programming, for example, can set threshold
levels, time delays, discharge sequences and patterns, vehicle
system parameters and/or other fire suppression system parameters
to provide for customized detection and actuation for a particular
hazard. Accordingly, customized programming of the detection device
can provide for protection of multiple and variable hazards.
[0062] As described, the preferred systems include a display
interface to monitor, operate and preferably program the ICM and/or
the components, i.e., modules/devices, disposed along the input and
output buses. In one particular aspect, the display provides visual
indication of the status of the input and output buses including,
e.g., indication of: a normal state, ground state, open circuit,
manual release. Moreover in another aspect, the preferred display
is coupled to the ICM to provide for programming and operational
input. For example in the display devices 22a, 22b, 22c of FIGS. 9A
and 9B, the display 22a includes visual indicators and/or visual
displays 27a that are coupled with user input devices. As shown,
the display devices 22a, 22b, 22c can include for example, push
buttons 27b, toggle switches, and/or directional buttons 27c in
order to scroll, select, edit, reset and/or input, etc. operational
parameters of the system and its components. In one particular
aspect, the interface display includes a manual actuating button
34' to send an actuating signal to the ICM 20 to relay a
corresponding manual actuation signal to the actuation device or
PAD 18 on the output bus 26. The interface display further
preferably includes a silence button 27d to silence the alarm for a
defined period of time, for example, two hours before the alarm
re-notifies system personnel of an unresolved issue. In one
particular aspect, the visual indicators of the interface display
include LEDs 2e which indicate the status of system components
using, for example, a binary indicator, i.e., on-off.
Alternatively, the LEDs may use a color scheme to indicate the
status of a system component, i.e., green--normal status,
yellow--fault, red--detection/alarm condition. Shown in FIG. 9C is
another embodiment of a LED display 27e in combination with toggle
switch 29 which can be used to enable and identify detection
devices, time delays and/or power supplies. In addition or
alternatively, the interface display 27a of FIG. 9A may use text
and/or dynamic or static images to visually indicate the system
status. For example, the display may use pictures or icons as the
visual indicators.
[0063] As described, the components and more particularly the
devices of the input bus are preferably interconnected by wire or
cable and connectors 25, as seen for example, in FIG. 1. In one
particular system embodiment, the connection cable carries control,
power, data and/or sensing signals between the detection devices
and the ICM. A preferred connector 25' is provided for
interconnecting segments of the connection cable so as to define a
main bus of power for use by the devices of the input bus. One
particular embodiment of a connector 25' is substantially T-shaped
having a first end 25'a, a second end 25'b and an intermediate
connector end 25'c extending between the first and second end. The
preferred connector includes at least one, and more preferably four
internal wire(s), which extend from the first end 25'a to the
intermediate connector 25'c and to the second end 25'b. With the
first end 25'a of the connector coupled to an electrical signal
defining an operating voltage, the internal wire of the preferred
connector 25' has the same voltage at each of its first 25'a,
second 25'b and intermediate ends 25'c. Accordingly, connection
wire coupled to the second end 25'b of the preferred connector 25'
receive, the same input voltage as is provided at the first end
25'a of the connector. In the exemplary embodiments of FIGS.
10A-10C, a device, such as for example, a sensing device 32 may
engage the intermediate connection end 25'c such that the device 32
receives the signal at the same voltage that is provided at the
first end 25'a of the connector 25'. The preferred connector 25'
therefore provides main bus voltage along the length of the input
bus.
[0064] In yet another aspect of the system connections, a color
scheme is employed to facilitate proper interconnection between
system components. For example as seen in FIG. 11, the ICM 20 may
include connection ports to the various buses, i.e., input bus 24,
output bus 26, power supply bus, etc. for engaging one or more
connection cables to the input, output bus and/or power supplies.
The ICM 20 may include a colored coded face plate to insure proper
connection of the connection cables having terminal connectors at
their ends which may include correspondingly or similarly colored
plastic overlays connectors for engaging the end of the connection
cable. The use of one or more color schemes facilitates
installation of the system. Moreover, the connection cables of a
preferred suppression systems can be jacketed within a harness that
distinguishes it from other cables to prevent tampering or
accidental disconnection. For example, the connection system of the
cables can be jacketed in a red harness.
[0065] While the present invention has been disclosed with
reference to certain embodiments, numerous modifications,
alterations, and changes to the described embodiments are possible
without departing from the sphere and scope of the present
invention, as defined in the appended claims. Accordingly, it is
intended that the present invention not be limited to the described
embodiments, but that it has the full scope defined by the language
of the following claims, and equivalents thereof.
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