U.S. patent application number 14/613429 was filed with the patent office on 2015-08-13 for torque retention arrangement.
The applicant listed for this patent is Barnes Group Inc.. Invention is credited to John R. Otto.
Application Number | 20150226249 14/613429 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 52596275 |
Filed Date | 2015-08-13 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150226249 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Otto; John R. |
August 13, 2015 |
Torque Retention Arrangement
Abstract
A torque retention arrangement for a flange bolt connector for
use with pipe. The torque retention arrangement a carrier body and
a plurality of springs. The carrier body can include a plurality of
spring holes equi-spaced around a circumference. A plurality of
springs in a vertical stack can be mounted in each of the plurality
of spring holes in the carrier. Each spring is in a convex
orientation in a pre-torque condition and is in a planar
orientation in a post-torque condition.
Inventors: |
Otto; John R.; (Bristol,
CT) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Barnes Group Inc. |
Bristol |
CT |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
52596275 |
Appl. No.: |
14/613429 |
Filed: |
February 4, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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61937041 |
Feb 7, 2014 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
29/525.02 ;
411/8 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16B 31/04 20130101;
F16B 31/028 20130101; F16B 39/24 20130101; F16B 43/001 20130101;
F16L 23/24 20130101; Y10T 29/49948 20150115; F16B 43/00 20130101;
F16L 23/036 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F16B 31/02 20060101
F16B031/02; F16B 39/24 20060101 F16B039/24 |
Claims
1. A torque retention arrangement comprising: a carrier having a
first side and a second side opposite from and spaced from said
first side, said carrier includes a plurality of through spring
holes spaced around a circumference; a first set of springs stacked
within a first spring hole of said carrier, each of said springs in
said first set of springs is aligned in a vertical arrangement for
receiving a bolt therethrough, at least one spring in said first
set of springs is non-coplanar with said carrier in a pre-torque
orientation and all of said springs in said first set of springs
are coplanar with said carrier in a loaded and torqued orientation;
a second set of springs stacked within a second spring hole of said
carrier, each of said springs in said second set of springs is
aligned in a vertical arrangement for receiving a bolt
therethrough, at least one spring in said second set of springs is
non-coplanar with said carrier in a pre-torque orientation and all
of said springs in said second set of springs are coplanar with
said carrier in a loaded and torqued orientation; and, wherein
aligning said springs coplanar with said carrier visually indicates
a proper torque force.
2. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
said springs are disc springs.
3. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
all of said springs in said first and second set of springs are
non-coplanar with said carrier in said pre-torque orientation.
4. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
at least one of said springs in said first and second set of
springs includes a coating.
5. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
said carrier includes an O-ring around a perimeter of at least one
of said spring holes of said carrier.
6. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
said carrier includes a flap plate at least partially inserted in
said carrier to limit movement of at least one of said springs in
said first set of springs as said spring moves from said pre-torque
orientation to said torqued orientation.
7. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
said carrier includes a plurality of fingers, a first finger
includes one of said spring holes that includes said first set of
springs, a second finger includes one of said spring holes that
includes said second set of springs.
8. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1,
including a first grommet, said first grommet positioned in and
connected to one of said spring holes, said first grommet including
said first set of springs, said first set of springs positioned in
an interior cavity of said first grommet.
9. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1,
including a flexible seal positioned in one of said spring holes,
said seal engaging a plurality of said springs in said first set of
springs, said springs in said first set of springs causing said
flexible seal to deform as said springs move from said pre-torque
orientation to said torqued orientation.
10. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1,
including a flexible seal lining positioned in one of said spring
holes, said seal lining engaging a plurality of said springs in
said first set of springs, said spring hole having a non-planar
inner surface, said flexible seal caused to deform as said springs
move from said pre-torque orientation to said torqued
orientation.
11. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
said carrier is flexible and includes a side slot to enable said
carrier to be fitted about a pipe.
12. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
said first and second set of springs each includes at least two
springs stacked vertically.
13. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
one or more springs in each of said first and second set of springs
include a total height, said total height of said one or more
springs in said loaded and torqued orientation is equal to a
thickness of a portion of said carrier that includes said first and
second set of springs.
14. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
each of said first and second set of springs include a coating
around an exterior perimeter of said first and second set of
springs.
15. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
said carrier is a continuous circumferential shape.
16. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein
said carrier is a discontinuous circumferential shape.
17. A method for connecting pipes sections together comprising: a.
providing a first pipe section having a first flange; b. providing
a second pipe section with a second flange; c. providing a torque
retention arrangement as defined in claim 1, said springs in said
torque retention arrangement in a pre-torque orientation; d.
inserting said toque retention arrangement about said first pipe
section and adjacent to said first flange; e. inserting a body of a
first bolt through said first and second flanges such that said
body of said bolt passes through the first set of springs in the
torque retention arrangement, a first bolt opening in said first
flange, and a first bolt opening in said second flange; f.
inserting a body of a second bolt through said first and second
flanges such that said body of said bolt passes through the second
set of springs in the torque retention arrangement, a second bolt
opening in said first flange, and a second bolt opening in said
second flange; and, g. fastening and tightening a nut to an end of
said first and second bolts to cause said first and second flanges
to be drawn together and to cause said springs in said first and
second spring sets to become coplanar with said carrier, said
aligning said springs in said first and second spring sets to be
coplanar with said carrier visually indicating a proper torque
force on said nuts.
18. A torque retention arrangement for a plastic lined pipe
comprising: a one-piece carrier, said carrier includes a plurality
of spring holes equi-spaced around a circumference; and, a
plurality of springs, said plurality of springs are disc springs,
said plurality of springs are made of metal, at least one of said
springs is mounted in each of said plurality of spring holes, each
of said spring holes includes at least two springs stacked
vertically, each spring has a convex orientation in a pre-torque
condition, and each spring has a planar orientation in a
post-torque orientation.
19. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 18,
wherein said at least two springs include a height, said height of
said at least two springs in said loaded and torqued orientation is
equal to a thickness of said carrier.
20. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 18,
wherein said carrier includes an O-ring around a perimeter of each
spring hole.
21. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 18,
wherein each spring includes a coating.
22. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 18,
wherein said vertical stack of springs include a coating around an
exterior perimeter of said stack of springs.
23. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 18,
wherein said carrier includes a mounting plate positioned at a
lower edge of each spring hole.
24. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 18,
wherein said carrier includes a seal around an interior wall of
each spring hole.
25. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 18,
wherein said carrier is a continuous circumferential shape.
26. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 18,
wherein said carrier is a discontinuous circumferential shape.
27. The torque retention arrangement as claimed in claim 18,
wherein said torqued orientation compresses said springs from a
non-coplanar orientation with said carrier to a planar orientation
with said carrier, said torqued orientation aligns said springs
into a planar orientation with said carrier and provides a visual
indicator of a desired bolt torque value.
Description
[0001] The present invention claims priority on United States
Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/937,041 filed Feb. 7,
2014, which is incorporated herein by reference.
[0002] The present invention relates to a torque retention
arrangement that can be used in association with bolt connections
and other types of connection arrangement. On one exemplary
embodiment, the torque retention arrangement can be used in a bolt
and nut assembly to facilitate in the torqueing of the nut on the
bolt. One non-limiting application is the use of the torque
retention arrangement in the assembly of flange and pipe
connections wherein the torque retention arrangement is used in
conjunction with flange bolt torqueing of piping systems, and will
be described with particular reference thereto. However, it is to
be appreciated that the present exemplary embodiments are also
amenable to other like applications.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Flange bolt torqueing is an ongoing maintenance issue for
companies that utilize a great deal of piping. Piping systems, such
as used in chemical processing companies or similar, include a
variety of overhead piping and insulated/lined piping which are
subject to thermal cycling conditions. Typical flange bolt
torqueing for such piping systems includes flat washers on both
sides of the pipe flange connection. Tightening the flange bolts
usually requires a calibrated torque wrench in order to apply the
specified bolt torques (i.e., ft.-lbs. of torque). When anti-seize
compounds are used, the torque values can be different. The
tightening of the flange bolts with a torque wrench is usually done
in a "crisscross" pattern that alternately tightens the bolts
located 180.degree. apart. Using this pattern, the bolts are
tightened in some percent increment of the desired final bolt
torque (i.e., ft.-lbs. of torque) until a majority of the final
bolt torque has been achieved. For tightening to the final torque
values, the bolts are then sequentially tightened in a clockwise
fashion once around the flange. This is done to ensure that the
bolts are evenly stressed. Care must be taken to avoid
over-torqueing, which can cause damage to any plastic sealing
surfaces, liners, plastic flares, and/or plastic faces.
[0004] Typically a re-torqueing of the bolts is applied a minimum
of twenty four hours after the initial torque or after the first
thermal cycle. This re-torqueing allows for seating of the plastic
liners and flares and for relaxation of the bolts. Torqueing
typically is only done on the system in an ambient, cooled state,
and typically never while the process is at elevated
temperature.
[0005] After the initial torque and re-torque of the bolts, a hydro
test can be performed following ANSI requirements. Annual
re-torqueing is usually done thereafter, especially if the process
lines experience elevated temperatures or extreme ambient
temperature situations. Again, annual re-torqueing is typically
only done on the system in the ambient or cooled state.
[0006] Due to the possibility of mechanical damage to
polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) flares and/or PTFE-lined piping
products, or similar, Belleville springs or disc springs are
usually not recommended in the existing flange bolt torqueing
systems utilized heretofore. Prior art references do not recommend
the use of Belleville springs or disc springs for use with
PTFE-lined products.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention is directed to a torque retention
arrangement can be used in association with bolt connections and
other types of connection arrangements, and more particularly to a
torque retention arrangement that can be used in a flange connector
arrangement wherein the torque retention arrangement includes a
monolithic body having a carrier. The carrier can optionally
include one or more through holes spaced around a circumference.
The carrier includes one or more springs vertically positioned or
stacked within one or more of the through holes. When a plurality
of springs is used, each of the springs can optionally be aligned
in a vertical arrangement for receiving a bolt therethrough. One or
more springs can be non-coplanar with the carrier in a pre-torque
orientation. The one or more springs can be coplanar with the
carrier in the loaded and torqued orientation. Aligning the one or
more springs coplanar with the carrier can be used to indicate
proper torque force.
[0008] The torque retention arrangement of the present invention
can include a flange bolt connector for a metal, plastic, ceramic,
glass, and/or composite material-lined pipe wherein the flange bolt
connector includes a monolithic body. The flange bolt connector
comprises a carrier body and one or more springs. The carrier body
can optionally include one or more apertures or spring holes
equi-spaced around a circumference. When a plurality of springs are
used, the plurality of springs can be optionally vertically stacked
and be mounted in each of the plurality of apertures or spring
holes. Each spring can optionally be in a convex orientation in a
pre-torque condition and optionally be in a planar orientation in a
post torque condition. The height or combined height of the one or
more springs in the vertical stack in the torqued condition can be
equal to a thickness of the carrier; however, this is not
required.
[0009] The torque retention arrangement of the present invention
can be used to eliminate the possibility of mechanical damage to
plastic flares (e.g., PTFE flares, etc.) due to over-torque;
however, this is not required. The torque retention arrangement of
the present invention can also be used to eliminate the need for an
annual re-torque program or re-torqueing after severe temperature
cycling; however, this is not required. In addition, the torque
retention arrangement of the present invention can be used as an
auto compensator for plastic and/or soft material (e.g., soft
metals, composite materials, etc.) flare deformation (i.e., cold
flow); however, this is not required.
[0010] The torque retention arrangement of the present invention
can be used to provide an environmentally sound and leak-free
system that controls emissions and maintains optimum sealing
pressure at pipe connections; however, this is not required.
[0011] The torque retention arrangement of the present invention
provides for a system that reduces plant maintenance costs;
however, this is not required. As will be discussed in more detail
hereinafter, the carrier of the torque retention arrangement,
including pipe flange bolt springs, can be used to increase flange
sealing reliability, provide a visual indication of preload/torque,
and/or reduces or eliminates the need for re-torqueing. The
reduction in maintenance attributed to the aforementioned can save
on the use of spools and fittings which can be a significant
savings in flange re-torque costs (i.e., material costs and
maintenance labor costs).
[0012] In one non-limiting arrangement, there is provided a torque
retention arrangement that includes a carrier having a first side
and a second side opposite from and spaced from said first side,
and wherein the carrier includes a plurality of through spring
holes spaced around a circumference; a first set of springs stacked
within a first spring hole of the carrier, and wherein each of the
springs in the first set of springs is aligned in a vertical
arrangement for receiving a bolt therethrough, and at least one
spring in the first set of springs is non-coplanar with the carrier
in a pre-torque orientation and all of the springs in said first
set of springs are coplanar with the carrier in a loaded and
torqued orientation; a second set of springs stacked within a
second spring hole of the carrier, wherein each of the springs in
the second set of springs is aligned in a vertical arrangement for
receiving a bolt therethrough, at least one spring in the second
set of springs is non-coplanar with the carrier in a pre-torque
orientation and all of the springs in the second set of springs are
coplanar with the carrier in a loaded and torqued orientation; and,
wherein aligning the springs coplanar with the carrier visually
indicates a proper torque force. The springs are optionally disc
springs. All of the springs in the first and second set of springs
are optionally non-coplanar with the carrier in the pre-torque
orientation. At least one of the springs in the first and second
set of springs optionally includes a coating. The carrier
optionally includes an O-ring around a perimeter of at least one of
the spring holes of the carrier. The carrier optionally includes a
flap plate at least partially inserted in the carrier to limit
movement of at least one of the springs in the first set of springs
as the spring moves from the pre-torque orientation to the torqued
orientation. The carrier optionally includes a plurality of
fingers, wherein a first finger includes one of the spring holes
that includes the first set of springs, and a second finger
includes one of the spring holes that includes the second set of
springs. The carrier optionally includes a first grommet, wherein a
first grommet is positioned in and connected to one of the spring
holes, and wherein the first grommet includes the first set of
springs, and wherein the first set of springs is positioned in an
interior cavity of the first grommet. The carrier optionally
includes a flexible seal positioned in one the spring holes, said
seal engaging a plurality of said springs in said first set of
springs, said springs in said first set of springs causing said
flexible seal to deform as said springs move from said pre-torque
orientation to said torqued orientation. The carrier optionally
includes a flexible seal lining positioned in one the spring holes,
and wherein the seal lining engages a plurality of the springs in
the first set of springs, and wherein the spring hole has a
non-planar inner surface, and wherein the flexible seal is caused
to deform as the springs move from the pre-torque orientation to
the torqued orientation. The carrier is optionally flexible and
includes a side slot to enable the carrier to be fitted about a
pipe. The first and second set of springs each optionally includes
at least two springs stacked vertically. One or more springs in
each of the first and second set of springs include a total height,
and wherein the total height of the one or more springs in the
loaded and torqued orientation is optionally equal to a thickness
of a portion of the carrier that includes the first and second set
of springs. Each of the first and second set of springs optionally
includes a coating around an exterior perimeter of the first and
second set of springs. The carrier is a continuous circumferential
shape. Alternatively, the carrier is a discontinuous
circumferential shape. There is also optionally provided a method
for connecting pipes sections together which includes a) providing
a first pipe section having a first flange; b) providing a second
pipe section with a second flange; c) providing a torque retention
arrangement as discussed above and wherein the springs in the
torque retention arrangement in a pre-torque orientation; d)
inserting the torque retention arrangement about the pipe and
adjacent to the first flange; e) inserting a body of a first bolt
through the first and second flanges such that the body of the bolt
passes through the first set of springs in the torque retention
arrangement, a first bolt opening in the first flange, and a first
bolt opening in the second flange; f) inserting a body of a second
bolt through the first and second flanges such that the body of the
bolt passes through the second set of springs in the torque
retention arrangement, a second bolt opening in the first flange,
and a second bolt opening in the second flange; and, g) fastening
and tightening a nut to an end of the first and second bolts to
cause the first and second flanges to be drawn together and to
cause the springs in the first and second spring sets to become
coplanar with the carrier, and wherein the aligning of the springs
in the first and second spring sets to be coplanar with the carrier
visually indicating a proper torque force on the nuts.
[0013] In another non-limiting arrangement, there is provided a
torque retention arrangement for a plastic-lined pipe that includes
a one-piece carrier. The carrier includes a plurality of spring
holes equi-spaced around a circumference and a plurality of
springs. The plurality of springs is optionally made of metal. At
least one of the springs is mounted in each of the plurality of
spring holes. Each spring optionally has a convex orientation in a
pre-torque condition, and each spring has a planar orientation in a
post-torque orientation. The plastic lined pipe can be, but is not
limited to, a PTFE material. The springs are optionally disc
springs. Each spring hole optionally includes at least two springs
stacked vertically. At least one of the springs in each vertical
stack optionally includes a coating. At least two springs include a
height and the height of the at least two springs in a loaded and
torqued orientation is optionally equal to or slightly greater than
a thickness of the carrier. The carrier optionally includes an
O-ring around a perimeter of each spring hole. The vertical stack
of springs optionally includes a coating around an exterior
perimeter of the stack of springs. The carrier optionally includes
a flap plate positioned at a lower edge of each spring hole. The
carrier optionally includes a seal (e.g., rubber seal, plastic
seal, polymer seal, etc.) around an interior wall of each spring
hole. The carrier has a continuous circumferential shape.
Alternatively, the carrier has a discontinuous circumferential
shape. The torqued orientation optionally compresses the springs
from a non-coplanar orientation with the carrier to a planar
orientation with the carrier. The torqued orientation optionally
aligns the springs into a planar orientation with the carrier and
provides a visual indicator of a desired bolt torque value.
[0014] One non-limiting objective of the present invention is the
provision of a torque retention arrangement that can be used to
increase flange sealing reliability, provide a visual indication of
preload/torque, and/or reduce or eliminate the need for
re-torqueing.
[0015] Another and/or alternative non-limiting objective of the
present invention is the provision of a torque retention
arrangement that can be used to simplify and/or reduce costs
associated with the connection and/or sealing of pipe systems.
[0016] Still another and/or alternative non-limiting objective of
the present invention is the provision of a torque retention
arrangement that can be used in association with bolt connections
and other types of connection arrangements.
[0017] Yet another and/or alternative non-limiting objective of the
present invention is the provision of a torque retention
arrangement that includes a monolithic body having a carrier,
wherein the monolithic body includes one or more springs vertically
positioned or stacked.
[0018] Another and/or alternative non-limiting objective of the
present invention is the provision of a torque retention
arrangement that includes a flange bolt connector for a metal,
plastic, ceramic, glass, and/or composite material-lined pipe
wherein the flange bolt connector includes a monolithic body, and
wherein the flange bolt connector comprises a carrier body and one
or more springs.
[0019] Still another and/or alternative non-limiting objective of
the present invention is the provision of a torque retention
arrangement that can be used as a maintenance-free visual torque
indicator to reduce or eliminate over-torqueing of a connection
system.
[0020] Yet another and/or alternative non-limiting objective of the
present invention is the provision of a torque retention
arrangement that can be used to eliminate the need for an annual
re-torque program and/or re-torqueing after severe temperature
cycling.
[0021] Another and/or alternative non-limiting objective of the
present invention is the provision of a torque retention
arrangement that can be used as an auto compensator for flare
deformation.
[0022] Still another and/or alternative non-limiting objective of
the present invention is the provision of a torque retention
arrangement that can be used to provide an environmentally sound
and leak-free system that controls emissions and maintains optimum
sealing pressure at the flare face.
[0023] These and other objectives and advantages will become
apparent from the discussion of the distinction between the
invention and the prior art and when considering the preferred
embodiment as shown in the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Reference may now be made to the drawings, which illustrate
various embodiments that the invention may take in physical form
and in certain parts and arrangements of parts wherein;
[0025] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one non-limiting embodiment
of a torque retention arrangement in accordance with the present
invention;
[0026] FIG. 2 is top plan view of the torque retention arrangement
of FIG. 1;
[0027] FIG. 3 is cross-sectional view of the torque retention
arrangement along line 3-3 of FIG. 2;
[0028] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the torque retention
arrangement of FIG. 3 in a loaded and torqued orientation;
[0029] FIG. 5 is a partial top plan view of another non-limiting
embodiment of a torque retention arrangement in accordance with the
present invention;
[0030] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the torque retention
arrangement of FIG. 5 ;
[0031] FIG. 7 is a partial top plan view of another non-limiting
embodiment of a torque retention arrangement in accordance with the
present invention;
[0032] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the torque retention
arrangement along line 8-8 of FIG. 7;
[0033] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another non-limiting
embodiment of a torque retention arrangement in accordance with the
present invention;
[0034] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of another non-limiting
embodiment of a torque retention arrangement in accordance with the
present invention;
[0035] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another non-limiting
embodiment of a torque retention arrangement in accordance with the
present invention;
[0036] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the torque retention
arrangement according to FIG. 11 in a loaded and torqued
orientation;
[0037] FIG. 13 is a partial top plan view of another non-limiting
embodiment of a torque retention arrangement in accordance with the
present invention;
[0038] FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the torque retention
arrangement along line 14-14 of FIG. 13 in an unloaded
orientation;
[0039] FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the torque retention
arrangement according to FIG. 14 in a loaded and torqued
orientation;
[0040] FIG. 16 is a top plan view of another non-limiting
embodiment of a torque retention arrangement in accordance with the
present invention;
[0041] FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the torque retention
arrangement along line 17-17 of FIG. 16;
[0042] FIG. 18 is a top plan view of another non-limiting
embodiment of a torque retention arrangement in accordance with the
present invention; and,
[0043] FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the torque retention
arrangement along line 19-19 of FIG. 18.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF NON-LIMITING EMBODIMENTS OF THE
INVENTION
[0044] Referring now to the drawings wherein the showing is for the
purpose of illustrating non-limiting embodiments of the invention
only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, there is
illustrated in FIGS. 1-19 non-limiting examples of a torque
retention arrangement in accordance with the present invention. The
invention is directed to a device that reduces or eliminates the
need to re-torque bolt systems. The torque retention arrangement is
particularly applicable to maintaining the torque on the flanges of
connecting pipe sections and will be described with particular
reference thereto.
[0045] Several non-limiting goals and advantages of the torque
retention arrangement of the present invention are disclosed
hereinafter. For all non-limiting arrangements illustrated in FIGS.
1-19, one of the goals of the torque retention arrangement is to
retain the desired torque (i.e., ft.-lbs. of torque) of a bolt
connecting, securing, or retention system.
[0046] Referring now to FIGS. 1-4, there is illustrated a
non-limiting configuration of the torque retention arrangement of
the present invention. The torque retention arrangement 10 has a
monolithic configuration and includes the use of a carrier or
cartridge 12 inclusive of a spring arrangements 20, 22, 24, 26. The
carrier or cartridge 12 is illustrated as having four spring
arrangements; however, it will be appreciated that the carrier or
cartridge can includes 1, 2 or 3 spring arrangements or more than 4
spring arrangements. The carrier 12 can be formed of any type of
material or material combinations (e.g., plastic, metal, ceramic,
fabric, composite material, wood, etc.). The carrier 12 can be
formed of a material having certain physical properties. The shape,
size, configuration and thickness of the carrier 12 are
non-limiting. In one non-limiting configuration, the carrier is
formed of a plastic material. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the
carrier 12 has a generally circular outer perimeter 14, a generally
circular central opening 16 and a generally circular flange 18. The
thickness of the carrier is generally uniform; however, this is not
required. The flange 18 is illustrated as including four openings,
bores, apertures, or spring holes 30, 32, 34, 36, each including a
single spring arrangement 20, 22, 24, 26. As can be appreciated,
the carrier can include more than four openings, bores, apertures,
or spring holes or less than four openings, bores, apertures, or
spring holes. The central opening is generally sized to fit about
an outer diameter of a pipe. The openings, bores, apertures, or
spring holes in the carrier are typically oriented in the carrier
to correspond to opening in the pipe flanges. The size and shape of
the openings, bores, apertures, or spring holes on the carrier are
generally the same; however, it can be appreciated that one or more
of the openings, bores, apertures, or spring holes can have a
different size and/or shape from one or more other openings, bores,
apertures, or spring holes. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the openings,
bores, apertures, or spring holes are equi-spaced around a
circumference of the carrier from adjacently positioned openings,
bores, apertures, or spring holes; however, this is not required.
The openings, bores, apertures, or spring holes are also
illustrated in FIG. 2 to be spaced an equal distance from the outer
perimeter of the carrier; however, this is not required. As
illustrated in FIG. 2, the openings, bores, apertures, or spring
holes are spaced from the outer perimeter of the carrier and also
spaced from the edge of central opening 16 of the carrier; however,
this is not required. Likewise, the spring arrangements that are
positioned in openings, bores, apertures, or spring holes are
spaced from the outer perimeter of the carrier and also spaced from
the edge of central opening 16 of the carrier; however, this is not
required. In one non-limiting arrangement, the spring arrangements
that are positioned in openings, bores, apertures, or spring holes
such that the spring arrangement are spaced an equal distance from
the outer perimeter of the carrier and the edge of central opening
16 of the carrier.
[0047] The spring arrangement 22 is partially illustrated (FIGS.
3-4) as including multiple stacks of three springs (e.g.,
Belleville springs or disc springs, etc.) 42, 43, 44. As can be
appreciated, the spring arrangement 22 can include less than three
springs (one or two springs) or more than three springs in each
stack. As can also be appreciated, one or more of the stacks can
optionally include one or more washers (e.g., flat washer, lock
washer, etc.). As can be appreciated, each of the spring
arrangements 20, 22, 24, 26 can have the same number of springs;
however, it can be appreciated that one or more of the spring
arrangement can have a different number of springs. The size,
shape, thickness, material, spring strength and/or spring rating of
each of the springs in a spring arrangement that has multiple
springs can be the same or different. Also, it can be appreciated
that one or more of the spring arrangement can have one or more
springs having a different size, shape, thickness, material, spring
strength and/or spring rating that one or more other spring
arrangements. In one non-limiting arrangement, the same number of
springs and the same size, shape, thickness, material, and spring
rating of the springs in each of the spring arrangements used in
the carrier are the same.
[0048] One or more springs in one or more of the spring
arrangements includes one or more coatings (e.g., polymer coating,
lubricant coating, anti-corrosion coating, anti-stick coating,
Teflon.RTM. coating, plastic coating, painted coating, etc.);
however, this is not required. The one or more coatings, when used,
can inhibit or prevent a) corrosion of the springs, b) sticking
together of adjacent springs, c) impaired movement of adjacently
positioned springs, d) excessive or undesired wear of the springs,
and/or e) damage to the springs.
[0049] As shown in FIG. 3, spring arrangement 22 includes three
springs 42, 43, 44 (e.g., disc springs, etc.) that are in a mounted
and pre-load position. The springs 42, 43, 44 are retained within
bore 32 of carrier 12. Alternatively, the carrier 12 can be molded
around the spring arrangement such that the individual stacks of
springs are securely retained within their respective bores. In
this manner, a user can manipulate the carrier without disturbing
the spring arrangement. The mounting arrangement is generally such
that the springs are secured to the carrier and cannot be removed
from the carrier unless a force is exerted on the spring to force
removal of the spring from the carrier or the carrier is damage
(e.g., cut, gouged, etc.) so that the springs can be released from
the carrier. As shown in FIG. 3, one exterior surface of the
springs 22 is in a convex orientation while an opposing exterior
face is in a concave orientation. In this pre-load orientation, the
stack of springs 42, 43, 44 are non-coplanar with the carrier 12.
Generally, at least one of the springs includes a portion that
extends above the top plane of surface 13 carrier 12. As
illustrated in FIG. 3, a portion of springs 42 and 43 extend above
the top plane of surface 13 of the carrier 12. As can be
appreciated, one, a plurality, or all of the springs can include a
portion that extends above the top plane of surface 13 of the
carrier 12. Each of the springs is illustrated as including a
central opening to enable a rod or bolt to pass through the
opening. The central opening of each of the springs generally lies
in a plane that is parallel to the top plane of surface 13 of the
carrier 12; however, this is not required.
[0050] As illustrated in FIG. 4, a portion of a mounting bolt 50 is
inserted through the opening of the aligned disc springs 42, 43,
44. A nut 52 is secured to the end of the bolt. The bolt 50 is
inserted sequentially through a first flange 60, the spring
arrangement 22, and then a second flange 62. Upon tightening, the
flanges 60, 62 are moved near each other and the springs 42, 43, 44
are moved from a non-coplanar arrangement relative to the carrier
12 to a planar arrangement to the carrier as illustrated in FIG. 4.
As illustrated in FIG. 4, the thickness of the carrier 12 is equal
to or slightly less than the combined height or thickness of the
springs 42, 43, 44 when in the compressed and loaded (torqued)
orientation; however, this is not required. As such, when the inner
surfaces 61, 63 of the respective flanges 60, 62 are coplanar with
surfaces 13, 15 of the carrier 12, the desired torque ft.-lbs. has
been applied to the bolt 50 and nut 52. The material of the carrier
about bore 32 is generally deformable to enable the springs 42, 43,
44 to move from a non-coplanar arrangement relative to the carrier
12 to a planar arrangement to the carrier. The diameter of the
circular disc springs 42, 43, 44 increases as the disc springs move
from a non-coplanar arrangement relative to the carrier 12 to a
planar arrangement to the carrier. The ability of the carrier to
deform enables the disc springs to increase in diameter without
damaging the disc springs, the carrier and/or the bore of the
carrier. Generally, the material of the springs and the material
forming the carrier and/or the inner surface of the bore are
different materials. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the three springs
are stacked on top of one another and are in contact with an
adjacent spring when the springs move from a non-coplanar
arrangement relative to the carrier 12 to a planar arrangement to
the carrier; however, this is not required. As illustrated in FIG.
4, the diameter of the carrier is less than the diameter of flanges
60, 62; however, this is not required.
[0051] Referring now to FIG. 5-6, another non-limiting
configuration of the torque retention arrangement 10 is
illustrated. The spring arrangement 122 can include a plurality of
individual disc springs 142, 143, 144. One or more of the disc
springs 145 can be lubricated and/or coated for protection;
however, this is not required. Similar to the arrangement described
above, carrier 112 can include an outer perimeter 114 and an inner
perimeter 116, as well as a first exterior surface 113 and a second
exterior surface 115. The materials, structure and operation of the
carrier and spring arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 5-6 are the
same or generally the same as the carrier and spring arrangement
illustrated in FIGS. 1-4, thus will not be repeated herein.
[0052] A coating arrangement on the spring 143 (i.e., lubricant
coating, anti-corrosion coating, Teflon.RTM. coating, plastic
coating, painted coating, polymer coating, anti-stick coating,
flexible casing, etc.) and/or O-rings or gaskets 150, 152 on the
carrier 112 can be used to protect the spring arrangement 122
(i.e., from corrosion, sticking to one another, etc.); however,
this is not required. One or more or all of the springs in the
spring arrangement can optionally include the coating arrangement.
As illustrated in FIG. 6, only the middle spring includes the
coating arrangement. As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, O-ring 150 is
arranged around the spring arrangement 122 on one surface 113 of
the carrier 112. Another O-ring 152 can be applied to the other
opposing surface 115 of the carrier 112. These O-rings can be used
to provide additional sealing when flanges 60, 62 are moved near
each other upon the tightening of the nuts and bolts 50, 52 as
illustrated in FIG. 4. The material used to form the O-rings is
non-limiting. Generally the O-ring is formed of a compressible
material.
[0053] Referring now to FIGS. 7-8, another non-limiting
configuration of a torque retention arrangement 10 is illustrated.
The spring arrangement 222 can include a plurality of individual
disc springs 242, 243, 244. As shown, each spring can be lubricated
and/or coated 262, 263, 264 for protection. Similar to the
arrangement described above regarding FIGS. 1-6, carrier 212 can
include an outer perimeter 214 and an inner perimeter 216, as well
as a first exterior surface 213 and a second exterior surface 215.
The materials, structure and operation of the carrier and spring
arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 7-8 are the same or generally the
same as the carrier and spring arrangement illustrated in FIGS.
1-6, thus will not be repeated herein.
[0054] The coating arrangement 262, 263, 264 on the springs 242,
243, 244 (i.e., polymer coating, lubricant coating, anti-corrosion
coating, anti-stick coating, Teflon.RTM. coating, plastic coating,
painted coating, flexible casing, etc.) and/or O-rings or gaskets
250, 252 on the carrier 212 can be used to protect the spring
arrangement 222; however, this is not required. One or more or all
of the springs in the spring arrangement can optionally include the
coating arrangement. As illustrated in FIG. 8, all three springs
include the coating arrangement. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the
O-ring 250 is arranged around the spring arrangement 222 on one
surface 213 of the carrier 212. Another O-ring 252 can be applied
to the other opposing surface 215 of the carrier 212. These O-rings
can be used to provide additional sealing when flanges 60, 62 are
moved near each other upon the tightening of the nuts and bolts 50,
52 as illustrated in FIG. 4. The O-rings illustrated in FIGS. 7-8
have a polygonal cross-sectional shape (e.g., square, rectangular,
etc.) and the O-rings illustrated in FIGS. 5-6 have a circular or
oval cross-sectional shape. The top and bottom surfaces 213, 215 of
the carrier includes an O-ring slot such that only a portion of the
O-ring is positioned within the O-ring slot. A similar O-ring slot
arrangement is illustrated in FIGS. 5-6. The O-ring slot is
designed to position and optionally retain the O-ring in the O-ring
slot. The shape of the O-ring slot is non-limiting. As illustrated
in FIGS. 5-8, a portion of the O-ring extends over the top and
bottom surfaces of the carrier such that when flanges 60, 62 are
moved near each other upon the tightening of the nuts and bolts 50,
52 as illustrated in FIG. 4, the O-rings are compressed between the
carrier and the adjacently positioned flange.
[0055] Referring now to FIG. 9, another non-limiting configuration
of the torque retention arrangement 10 is illustrated. The spring
arrangement 322 can include a plurality of individual disc springs
342, 343, 344. As shown in FIG. 9, the stacked arrangement of
springs 322 can include a coating 362 around the entire stacked
arrangement 322. This coating 362 can be a wrapping or a dipping of
the stacked springs 322. Such a coating can optionally be a similar
coating material as described above. Additionally or alternatively,
the coating 362 can be a wrapping of plastic or a foil to secure
and hold the stacked springs 322 in a packaged arrangement. The
materials, structure and operation of the carrier and spring
arrangement illustrated in FIG. 9 are the same or generally the
same as the carrier and spring arrangement illustrated in FIGS.
1-8, thus will not be repeated herein. FIG. 9 does not illustrate
the use of one or more O-rings; however, it will be appreciated
that the torque retention arrangement illustrated in FIG. 9 could
optionally include one or more O-rings and a modified carrier
having one or more O-ring slots as illustrated in FIGS. 5-8.
Likewise, the torque retention arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 1-4
can optionally include one or more O-rings and the modified carrier
having one or more O-ring slots (as illustrated in FIGS. 5-8),
and/or a coating arrangement on one or more of the springs (as
illustrated in FIGS. 5-9).
[0056] Referring now to FIG. 10, another non-limiting configuration
of the torque retention arrangement 10 is illustrated. The carrier
412 is therein shown with a shim or flap plate 414 adjacent the
lower end of the bore 432. It is to be appreciated that when a bolt
and nut are torqued, the lowest edge of disc spring 444 could dig
into the lower part of the bore 432. The shim or flap plate 414
provides a surface for the lower edge of disc spring 444 to slide
across. In this arrangement, the lower edge of the bottom disc
spring 444 will not scrape against the underlying flange surface
during the torqueing operation. The shape, thickness and material
used to form the flap plate are non-limiting (e.g., metal, plastic,
composite material, ceramic material, etc.). As illustrated in FIG.
10, the flap plate is spaced inwardly from the plane of bottom
surface 415 of the carrier 412. As can be appreciated, flap plate
414 can be positioned even with the plane of bottom surface 415 of
the carrier 412. Carrier 412 includes a plate slot 416 that is used
to secure the flap plate to the carrier. The plate slot is
illustrated as spaced inwardly from the plane of bottom surface 415
of the carrier 412. The flap plate is generally sized such that it
was a width W that is less than 40% the width or diameter of bore
432, and generally less than 30% the width or diameter of bore 432,
and typically less than 20% the width or diameter of bore 432, and
more typically less than 15% the width or diameter of bore 432
(e.g., 10% the width or diameter of the bore, etc.). The thickness
of the flap plate is generally less than the thickness of one or
all of the springs; however, this is not required. As illustrated
in FIG. 10, spring 444 contacts the top surface of flap plate 414
prior to the compression of the spring; however, this is not
required. The materials, structure and operation of the carrier and
spring arrangement illustrated in FIG. 10 are the same or generally
the same as the carrier and spring arrangement illustrated in FIGS.
1-9, thus will not be repeated herein. FIG. 10 does not illustrate
the use of one or more O-rings; however, it will be appreciated
that the torque retention arrangement illustrated in FIG. 10 could
optionally include one or more O-rings and a modified carrier
having one or more O-ring slots (as illustrated in FIGS. 5-8)
and/or a coating arrangement on one or more of the springs (as
illustrated in FIGS. 5-9). As can also be appreciated, the flap
plate and plate slot arrangements illustrated in FIG. 10 can
optionally be used in the torque retention arrangements illustrated
in FIGS. 1-9.
[0057] Referring now to FIGS. 11-12, another non-limiting
configuration of the torque retention arrangement 10 is
illustrated. The spring arrangement 522 can include a seal 523
around the interior of the associated bore 532. The shape, size and
material of the seal are non-limiting. The seal is generally formed
of a compressible and deformable material. In one exemplary
example, the seal 523 can be a rubber seal, plastic seal, polymer
seal, etc. that initially helps to secure the disc springs 542,
543, 544 in place, and upon torqueing a mounting bolt 550 and nut
552 between the respective flanges 560, 562, the disc springs 542,
543, 544 compress against the seal 523 to keep out any foreign
materials from getting into the bore 532 and between the disc
springs 542, 543, 544. As illustrated in FIGS. 11-12, the shape of
the seal changes when the springs are compressed when flanges 560,
562 are moved near each other upon the tightening of the nut and
bolt 550, 552 as illustrated in FIG. 12. As illustrated in FIGS.
11-12, the wall of the bore 532 is non-planar and includes one or
more angle surfaces and angle away from the center of the bore;
however, this is not required. These angles surfaces enable the
seal to properly deform and to allow the springs to become planar
when flanges 560, 562 are moved near each other upon the tightening
of the nut and bolt 550, 552 as illustrated in FIG. 12. Generally,
the material used to form the seal is different from the material
used to form the carrier. Typically, the material of the carrier is
a harder, less deformable material than the material used for the
seal; however, this is not required. The seal can be frictionally
connected to the carrier or connected by other or additional means
(e.g., adhesive, melt bond, etc.). As illustrated in FIG. 11, a
portion of the seal optionally extends above and/or below surfaces
513, 515 prior to the compression of the springs, but not after the
compression of the springs (as illustrated in FIG. 12). The
materials, structure and operation of the carrier and spring
arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 11-12 are the same or generally
the same as the carrier and spring arrangement illustrated in FIGS.
1-10, thus will not be repeated herein. FIGS. 11-12 do not
illustrate the use of one or more O-rings; however, it will be
appreciated that the torque retention arrangement illustrated in
FIGS. 11-12 could optionally include one or more O-rings and a
modified carrier having one or more O-ring slots (as illustrated in
FIGS. 5-8) and/or a coating arrangement on one or more of the
springs (as illustrated in FIGS. 5-9). As can also be appreciated,
the flap plate and plate slot arrangements illustrated in FIG. 10
can optionally be used in the torque retention arrangements
illustrated in FIGS. 11-12.
[0058] Referring now to FIGS. 13-15, another non-limiting
configuration of the torque retention arrangement 10 is
illustrated. The spring arrangement 622 therein illustrated
includes a series of three disc springs 642, 643, 644 and a seal
lining 623 within the bore 632. As shown, the walls of the bore 632
are not planar. The non-planar walls of the bore 632 provide an
area for the seal lining 623 to expand and bend when the torque
flange connector 610 is secured with a nut 652 and bolt 650 to the
extent of flattening the disc springs 642, 643, 644 into a
co-planar arrangement with the carrier 612 as illustrated in FIG.
15. The seal lining 623 can be frictionally connected to the
carrier or connected by other or additional means (e.g., adhesive,
melt bond, etc.). Generally, the material used to form the seal
liner is different from the material used to form the carrier.
Typically, the material of the carrier is a harder, less deformable
material than the material used for the seal liner; however, this
is not required.
[0059] As illustrated in FIG. 14, a portion of the seal liner
optionally extends above and/or below surfaces 613, 615 prior to
the compression of the springs, but not after the compression of
the springs (as illustrated in FIG. 15). The materials, structure
and operation of the carrier and spring arrangement illustrated in
FIGS. 13-15 are the same or generally the same as the carrier and
spring arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 1-12, thus will not be
repeated herein. FIGS. 13-15 do not illustrate the use of one or
more O-rings; however, it will be appreciated that the torque
retention arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 13-15 could optionally
include one or more O-rings and a modified carrier having one or
more O-ring slots (as illustrated in FIGS. 5-8) and/or a coating
arrangement on one or more of the springs (as illustrated in FIGS.
5-9). As can also be appreciated, the flap plate and plate slot
arrangements illustrated in FIG. 10 can optionally be used in the
torque retention arrangements illustrated in FIGS. 13-15. As also
can be appreciated, the seal illustrated in FIGS. 11-12 could
optionally be used in the torque retention arrangement of FIGS.
13-15. As can also be appreciated, the seal liner illustrated in
FIGS. 13-15 could optionally be used in the torque retention
arrangement of FIGS. 1-12.
[0060] Referring to FIGS. 16-19, additional non-limiting
configurations of the torque retention arrangement 10 are
illustrated. As illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 18, the carrier
includes a side slot, opening or gap. Such an arrangement can be
used to enable the torque retention arrangement to be slipped about
the pipe liner positioned between the pipe flanges without having
to fully separate the pipes. This can provide a significant
advantage in time and can reduce the complexity of having to insert
and replace the torque retention arrangements of the present
invention on existing pipe systems. A gap 701, 801 in the carrier
712, 812 illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 18 allows the entire
monolithic retention arrangement 710, 810 to be installed onto the
pipe at any stage in the assembly process in the same fashion as a
snap ring, thereby eliminating the need for the monolithic product
710, 810 to be stacked in a particular order. This particular
arrangement is particularly beneficial in situations where the
torque retention arrangement is used as a retrofit device. The
entire flange/fitting assembly, including any plastic seal (e.g.,
PTFE seal, etc.), can remain intact while the fasteners and the
torque retention arrangement are installed.
[0061] Referring now to FIGS. 16-17, there is illustrated a
single-piece flexible material (i.e., metallic, plastic, composite
material) forming carrier 712. Positioned in the carrier is a
plurality of grommets 713. The carrier includes a plurality of
openings that each includes a grommet. The number of grommets on
the carrier is non-limiting. The distance between adjacently
positioned grommets about the perimeter of the carrier is generally
the same; however, this is not required. Grommets 713 can be used
to hold the springs 742, 743, 744, 745 to the carrier 712 and
provide sealing and visual cues to the subsequent spring
compression. The grommets can be formed of any type of material
(e.g., plastic, metal, composite material, etc.). The thickness of
the grommets 713 provides the desired visual cues to the achieved
post-load and torqued orientation for the torque retention
arrangement. Four springs are illustrated in the grommet; however,
it can be appreciated that less than four or more than four springs
can be included in one or more or all of the grommets.
[0062] The carrier 712 can comprise a thin flat piece of material
that retains the grommet 713 for retention of the spring
arrangement 722. As shown, the spring arrangement 722 includes four
springs 742, 743, 744, 745 stacked in a vertical arrangement. It is
to be appreciated that any number of plurality of springs can be
used in the aforementioned arrangement. Grommet 713 has a generally
cylindrical shape; however, this is not require. Each of the
grommets is generally the same size and shape; however, this is not
required. The grommet is generally formed of a different material
from the carrier; however, this is not required. The grommet
includes an internal cavity wherein the springs are located. The
springs can be connected to the grommet by any means. As
illustrated in FIG. 17, the exterior surface of the grommet
includes a carrier slot 703 that is designed to receive a portion
of the carrier such that the grommet can be secured to the carrier.
Generally, the carrier slot is positioned at the mid-point of the
longitudinal axis of the grommet as illustrated in FIG. 17;
however, this is not required. The thickness of the carrier is
generally less than the longitudinal length of the grommet;
however, this is not required. In one non-limiting arrangement, the
thickness of the carrier is generally less than 70% the
longitudinal length of the grommet, typically the thickness of the
carrier is less than 50% the longitudinal length of the grommet,
more typically the thickness of the carrier is less than 40% the
longitudinal length of the grommet, still more typically the
thickness of the carrier is less than 25% the longitudinal length
of the grommet, a yet more typically the thickness of the carrier
is less than 10% the longitudinal length of the grommet. The
longitudinal length of the grommet is equal to or slightly less
than the combined height or thickness of the stacked springs when
in the compressed and loaded (torqued) orientation; however, this
is not required. The materials, structure and operation of the
spring arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 16-17 are the same or
generally the same as the carrier and spring arrangement
illustrated in FIGS. 1-15, thus will not be repeated herein. FIGS.
16-17 do not illustrate the use of one or more O-rings about one or
more grommets; however, it will be appreciated that the torque
retention arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 16-17 could optionally
include one or more O-rings and a modified grommet having one or
more O-ring slots (as illustrated in FIGS. 5-8) and/or a coating
arrangement on one or more of the springs (as illustrated in FIGS.
5-9). As can also be appreciated, the flap plate and plate slot
arrangements illustrated in FIG. 10 can optionally be used in the
grommets illustrated in FIGS. 16-17. As also can be appreciated,
the seal illustrated in FIGS. 11-12 could optionally be used in the
grommets illustrated in FIGS. 16-17. As can also be appreciated,
the seal liner illustrated in FIGS. 13-15 could optionally be used
in the grommets illustrated in FIGS. 16-17.
[0063] As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the torque retention
arrangement 10 can include a carrier 812 with a plurality of
fingers 813, 814, 815, 816 extending therefrom. The fingers 813,
814, 815, 816 can each include a bore hole therethrough for
mounting the spring arrangement 822 therein. The number of fingers
in the carrier is non-limiting. Generally, the carrier includes a
plurality of fingers. As described above, the plurality of springs
842, 843, 844 can be aligned in a vertical arrangement and be
retained within the respective bore holes. As illustrated in FIG.
18, the longitudinal length of the fingers is greater than the
width of the portion of the carrier between the fingers; however,
this is not required. In one non-limiting arrangement, the smallest
width of the portion of the carrier between the fingers is
generally less than 70% the longitudinal length of the fingers,
typically, the smallest width of the portion of the carrier between
the fingers is generally less than 50% the longitudinal length of
the fingers, and more typically the smallest width of the portion
of the carrier between the fingers is generally less than 30% the
longitudinal length of the fingers.
[0064] As illustrated in FIG. 18, the portion of the carrier
between two fingers has a generally constant width and has an
arcuate shape; however, this is not required. The spring
arrangement 822 is illustrated in FIG. 18 as being located closer,
but spaced from, the end of the finger than the bottom of the
finger; however, this is not required. The front end of each of the
fingers is generally arcuate shaped; however, this is not required.
The thickness of the fingers at the location of the stacked springs
is equal to or slightly less than the combined height or thickness
of the stacked springs when in the compressed and loaded (torqued)
orientation; however, this is not required. The materials,
structure and operation of the spring arrangement illustrated in
FIGS. 18-19 are the same or generally the same as the carrier and
spring arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 1-15, thus will not be
repeated herein. FIGS. 18-19 do not illustrate the use of one or
more O-rings; however, it will be appreciated that the torque
retention arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 18-19 could optionally
include one or more O-rings and a modified carrier having one or
more O-ring slots (as illustrated in FIGS. 5-8) and/or a coating
arrangement on one or more of the springs (as illustrated in FIGS.
5-9). As can also be appreciated, the flap plate and plate slot
arrangements illustrated in FIG. 10 can optionally be used in the
fingers of the carrier illustrated in FIGS. 18-19. As also can be
appreciated, the seal illustrated in FIGS. 11-12 could optionally
be used in the fingers of the carrier illustrated in FIGS. 18-19.
As can also be appreciated, the seal liner illustrated in FIGS.
13-15 could optionally be used in the fingers of the carrier as
illustrated in FIGS. 18-19. It is to be appreciated that the open
area (i.e., discontinuous circumferential shape) in the carrier
712, 812 shown in FIGS. 16 and 18, allows the carrier 712, 812 to
fit about an existing system such as, but not limited to, an
existing pipe system. The carrier can be designed to be positioned
between the flanges of two pipe sections. Alternatively, the
carrier can be positioned about a pipe section and adjacent to the
pipe section flange such that the carrier is not positioned between
the flanges of two pipe sections. In such an arrangement, the pipe
section need not be separated to use the torque retention
arrangement of the present invention. The carrier of the torque
retention arrangement can simply be placed about one of the pipe
section while the flanges of the two pipe sections remain
positioned together. The connectors used to connect the two flanges
together (e.g., bolt and nut, screw, etc.) are passed through the
openings in the flanges and through the spring holes in the torque
retention arrangement and then tightened. This configuration of the
torque retention arrangement can be used to easily and conveniently
use the torque retention arrangement on existing pipe systems
without having to take apart the pipe sections and separating the
flanges of the pipe sections.
[0065] The carriers described herein can be formed of metal or
plastic materials. The spring arrangements are described as a
plurality of springs. The spring arrangements as shown include
three or four springs in each stack; however, other numbers of
springs can be used. The spring stacks can be snapped into the
carrier; however, other retention arrangements can be used (e.g.,
adhesive, melted bond, solder, weld bead, hook and loop fastener,
fiction fit, etc.).
[0066] The carrier and spring stacks as shown in the figures
comprise a monolithic body. It is to be appreciated that the spring
action of the disc springs are concentrated under each bolt. The
thickness of the carrier provides for a desired visual cue to
achieve the recommended torque in ft.-lbs. The material of the
carrier can be produced to meet the necessary chemical resistance
and operating temperatures of the piping system and flange
connectors.
[0067] As described above, the disc springs can be coated with an
anti-gallant, lubricant, or anti-corrosion coating to further
improve fastener torque accuracy. Additionally, the fastener stack
can be protected from the pipe contents, namely, exposure of the
pipe contents by the incorporation of O-rings, gaskets around each
spring stack, individually protected springs, protection around the
entire stack, the carrier partially encasing the disc spring outer
diameters, and/or a bottom seal molded into the carrier surrounding
each spring stack out of plane. All of the aforementioned
protections of the fastener stack enables compression in order to
seal when torqued.
[0068] It is to be appreciated that the torque flange connector is
generally a monolithic body that is resistant to chemicals and
temperatures.
[0069] It will thus be seen that the objects set forth above, among
those made apparent from the preceding description, are efficiently
attained, and since certain changes may be made in the
constructions set forth without departing from the spirit and scope
of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the
above description and shown in the accompanying drawings shall be
interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. The
invention has been described with reference to referred and
alternate embodiments. Modifications and alterations will become
apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading and understanding
the detailed discussion of the invention provided herein. This
invention is intended to include all such modifications and
alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the present
invention. It is also to be understood that the following claims
are intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of
the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of
the invention, which, as a matter of language, might be said to
fall therebetween.
* * * * *