U.S. patent application number 14/177034 was filed with the patent office on 2015-08-13 for linear compressor.
This patent application is currently assigned to General Electric Company. The applicant listed for this patent is General Electric Company. Invention is credited to David G. Beers.
Application Number | 20150226201 14/177034 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 53774547 |
Filed Date | 2015-08-13 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150226201 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Beers; David G. |
August 13, 2015 |
LINEAR COMPRESSOR
Abstract
A linear compressor is provided. The linear compressor includes
a piston slidably received within a chamber of a cylinder assembly
and a mover positioned in a driving coil. The linear compressor
also includes features for coupling the piston to the mover such
that motion of the mover is transferred to the piston during
operation of the driving coil and for reducing friction between the
piston and the cylinder during motion of the piston within the
chamber of the cylinder.
Inventors: |
Beers; David G.; (Elizabeth,
IN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
General Electric Company |
Schenectady |
NY |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
General Electric Company
Schenectady
NY
|
Family ID: |
53774547 |
Appl. No.: |
14/177034 |
Filed: |
February 10, 2014 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
417/363 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F04B 35/045 20130101;
F04B 53/144 20130101; F04B 39/0005 20130101; F16J 1/14
20130101 |
International
Class: |
F04B 39/00 20060101
F04B039/00; F04B 35/04 20060101 F04B035/04 |
Claims
1. A linear compressor defining a radial direction, a
circumferential direction and an axial direction, the linear
compressor comprising: a cylinder assembly defining a chamber; a
piston received within the chamber of the cylinder assembly such
that the piston is slidable along a first axis within the chamber
of the cylinder assembly; an inner back iron assembly; a driving
coil extending about the inner iron assembly along the
circumferential direction, the driving coil operable to move the
inner back iron assembly along a second axis, the first and second
axes being substantially parallel to the axial direction; a magnet
mounted to the inner back iron assembly such that the magnet is
spaced apart from the driving coil by an air gap along the radial
direction; and a flexible coupling comprising a flat wire coil
spring extending between the inner back iron assembly and the
piston along the axial direction; and a wire disposed within the
flat wire coil spring and extending between the inner back iron
assembly and the piston along the axial direction.
2. The linear compressor of claim 1, wherein a magnetic field of
the driving coil engages the magnet in order to move the inner back
iron assembly in the driving coil and the piston within the chamber
of the cylinder assembly during operation of the driving coil.
3. The linear compressor of claim 1, wherein the flat wire coil
spring is naturally fully compressed.
4. The linear compressor of claim 1, wherein: the wire extends
between a first end portion and a second end portion along the
axial direction, the first end portion of the wire mounted to the
inner back iron assembly, the second end portion of the wire
mounted to the piston; and the flat wire coil spring extends
between a first end portion and a second end portion along the
axial direction, the first end portion of the flat wire coil spring
mounted to the inner back iron assembly, the second end portion of
the flat wire coil spring mounted to the piston.
5. The linear compressor of claim 4, wherein the first end portion
of the wire and the first end portion of the flat wire coil spring
are positioned concentrically on the second axis, wherein the
second end portion of the wire and the second end portion of the
flat wire coil spring are positioned concentrically on the first
axis.
6. The linear compressor of claim 5, wherein the first and second
axes are offset from each other along the radial direction.
7. The linear compressor of claim 1, wherein the wire is positioned
concentrically within the flat wire coil spring in a plane that is
perpendicular to the axial direction.
8. The linear compressor of claim 1, wherein the flat wire coil
spring comprises a flat wire wound into a helical shape, the flat
wire having a first planar surface and a second planar surface
positioned opposite each other on the flat wire, the first planar
surface of the flat wire positioned on and contacting the second
planar surface of the flat wire between adjacent coils of the flat
wire coil spring.
9. The linear compressor of claim 1, wherein the flat wire coil
spring has a width in a plane that is perpendicular to the axial
direction, the wire also having a width in the plane that is
perpendicular to the axial direction, the width of the flat wire
coil spring being at least five times greater than the width of the
wire.
10. The linear compressor of claim 1, wherein the flat wire coil
spring has a length along the axial direction, the wire also having
a length along the axial direction, the length of the flat wire
coil spring being about equal to the length of the wire.
11. A linear compressor, comprising: a cylinder assembly defining a
chamber; a piston slidably received within the chamber of the
cylinder assembly; a driving coil; a mover positioned in the
driving coil; a magnet mounted to mover, a magnetic field of the
driving coil engaging the magnet in order to move the mover in the
driving coil during operation of the driving coil; and a flexible
coupling comprising a flat wire coil spring extending between the
mover and the piston; and a wire disposed within the flat wire coil
spring and extending between the mover and the piston.
12. The linear compressor of claim 11, wherein the flat wire coil
spring is naturally fully compressed.
13. The linear compressor of claim 11, wherein: the wire extends
between a first end portion and a second end portion, the first end
portion of the wire mounted to the mover, the second end portion of
the wire mounted to the piston; and the flat wire coil spring
extends between a first end portion and a second end portion, the
first end portion of the flat wire coil spring mounted to the
mover, the second end portion of the flat wire coil spring mounted
to the piston.
14. The linear compressor of claim 13, wherein the first end
portion of the wire and the first end portion of the flat wire coil
spring are positioned concentrically, wherein the second end
portion of the wire and the second end portion of the flat wire
coil spring are positioned concentrically.
15. The linear compressor of claim 14, wherein the first and second
end portions of the wire are radially offset from each other.
16. The linear compressor of claim 11, wherein the wire is
positioned concentrically within the flat wire coil spring.
17. The linear compressor of claim 11, wherein the flat wire coil
spring comprises a flat wire wound into a helical shape, the flat
wire having a first planar surface and a second planar surface
positioned opposite each other on the flat wire, the first planar
surface of the flat wire positioned on and contacting the second
planar surface of the flat wire between adjacent coils of the flat
wire coil spring.
18. A linear compressor, comprising: a cylinder assembly defining a
chamber; a piston slidably received within the chamber of the
cylinder assembly; a driving coil; a mover positioned in the
driving coil; and means for coupling the piston to the mover such
that motion of the mover is transferred to the piston during
operation of the driving coil and for reducing friction between the
piston and the cylinder during motion of the piston within the
chamber of the cylinder.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present subject matter relates generally to linear
compressors, e.g., for refrigerator appliances.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Certain refrigerator appliances include sealed systems for
cooling chilled chambers of the refrigerator appliance. The sealed
systems generally include a compressor that generates compressed
refrigerant during operation of the sealed system. The compressed
refrigerant flows to an evaporator where heat exchange between the
chilled chambers and the refrigerant cools the chilled chambers and
food items located therein.
[0003] Recently, certain refrigerator appliances have included
linear compressors for compressing refrigerant. Linear compressors
generally include a piston and a driving coil. The driving coil
receives a current that generates a force for sliding the piston
forward and backward within a chamber. During motion of the piston
within the chamber, the piston compresses refrigerant. However,
friction between the piston and a wall of the chamber can
negatively affect operation of the linear compressors if the piston
is not suitably aligned within the chamber. In particular, friction
losses due to rubbing of the piston against the wall of the chamber
can negatively affect an efficiency of an associated refrigerator
appliance.
[0004] The driving coil generally engages a magnet on a mover
assembly of the linear compressor in order to reciprocate the
piston within the chamber. The magnet is spaced apart from the
driving coil by an air gap. In certain linear compressors, an
additional air gap is provided at an opposite side of the magnet,
e.g., between the magnet and an inner back iron of the linear
compressor. However, multiple air gaps can negatively affect
operation of the linear compressor by interrupting transmission of
a magnetic field from the driving coil. In addition, maintaining a
uniform air gap between the magnet and the driving coil and/or
inner back iron can be difficult.
[0005] Accordingly, a linear compressor with features for limiting
friction between a piston and a wall of a cylinder during operation
of the linear compressor would be useful. In addition, a linear
compressor with features for maintaining uniformity of an air gap
between a magnet and a driving coil of the linear compressor would
be useful. In particular, a linear compressor having only a single
air gap would be useful.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The present subject matter provides a linear compressor. The
linear compressor includes a piston slidably received within a
chamber of a cylinder assembly and a mover positioned in a driving
coil. The linear compressor also includes features for coupling the
piston to the mover such that motion of the mover is transferred to
the piston during operation of the driving coil and for reducing
friction between the piston and the cylinder during motion of the
piston within the chamber of the cylinder. Additional aspects and
advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the
following description, or may be apparent from the description, or
may be learned through practice of the invention.
[0007] In a first exemplary embodiment, a linear compressor is
provided. The linear compressor defines a radial direction, a
circumferential direction and an axial direction. The linear
compressor includes a cylinder assembly that defines a chamber. A
piston is received within the chamber of the cylinder assembly such
that the piston is slidable along a first axis within the chamber
of the cylinder assembly. The linear compressor also includes an
inner back iron assembly. A driving coil extends about the inner
iron assembly along the circumferential direction. The driving coil
is operable to move the inner back iron assembly along a second
axis. The first and second axes are substantially parallel to the
axial direction. A magnet is mounted to the inner back iron
assembly such that the magnet is spaced apart from the driving coil
by an air gap along the radial direction. A flexible coupling
includes a flat wire coil spring that extends between the inner
back iron assembly and the piston along the axial direction and a
wire disposed within the flat wire coil spring and extending
between the inner back iron assembly and the piston along the axial
direction.
[0008] In a second exemplary embodiment, a linear compressor is
provided. The linear compressor includes a cylinder assembly that
defines a chamber. A piston is slidably received within the chamber
of the cylinder assembly. The linear compressor also includes a
driving coil. A mover is positioned in the driving coil. A magnet
is mounted to mover. A magnetic field of the driving coil engages
the magnet in order to move the mover in the driving coil during
operation of the driving coil. A flexible coupling includes a flat
wire coil spring that extends between the mover and the piston and
a wire that is disposed within the flat wire coil spring and
extends between the mover and the piston.
[0009] In a third exemplary embodiment, a linear compressor is
provided. The linear compressor includes a cylinder assembly that
defines a chamber. A piston is slidably received within the chamber
of the cylinder assembly. The linear assembly also includes a
driving coil and a mover positioned in the driving coil. The linear
compressor further includes means for coupling the piston to the
mover such that motion of the mover is transferred to the piston
during operation of the driving coil and for reducing friction
between the piston and the cylinder during motion of the piston
within the chamber of the cylinder.
[0010] These and other features, aspects and advantages of the
present invention will become better understood with reference to
the following description and appended claims. The accompanying
drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this
specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and,
together with the description, serve to explain the principles of
the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] A full and enabling disclosure of the present invention,
including the best mode thereof, directed to one of ordinary skill
in the art, is set forth in the specification, which makes
reference to the appended figures.
[0012] FIG. 1 is a front elevation view of a refrigerator appliance
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present subject
matter.
[0013] FIG. 2 is schematic view of certain components of the
exemplary refrigerator appliance of FIG. 1.
[0014] FIG. 3 provides a perspective view of a linear compressor
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present subject
matter.
[0015] FIG. 4 provides a side section view of the exemplary linear
compressor of FIG. 3.
[0016] FIG. 5 provides an exploded view of the exemplary linear
compressor of FIG. 4.
[0017] FIG. 6 provides a side section view of certain components of
the exemplary linear compressor of FIG. 3.
[0018] FIG. 7 provides a perspective view of a piston flex mount of
the exemplary linear compressor of FIG. 3.
[0019] FIG. 8 provides a perspective view of a coupling of the
exemplary linear compressor of FIG. 3.
[0020] FIG. 9 provides a perspective view of a piston of the
exemplary linear compressor of FIG. 3.
[0021] FIG. 10 provides a perspective view of a machined spring of
the exemplary linear compressor of FIG. 3.
[0022] FIG. 11 provides a schematic view of a compliant coupling
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present subject matter
with certain components of the exemplary linear compressor of FIG.
3.
[0023] FIGS. 12 and 13 provide perspective views of a flat wire
coil spring of the exemplary compliant coupling of FIG. 11.
[0024] FIG. 14 provides a section view of the flat wire coil spring
of FIG. 13.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] Reference now will be made in detail to embodiments of the
invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the
drawings. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the
invention, not limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be
apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and
variations can be made in the present invention without departing
from the scope or spirit of the invention. For instance, features
illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be used with
another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. Thus, it is
intended that the present invention covers such modifications and
variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and
their equivalents.
[0026] FIG. 1 depicts a refrigerator appliance 10 that incorporates
a sealed refrigeration system 60 (FIG. 2). It should be appreciated
that the term "refrigerator appliance" is used in a generic sense
herein to encompass any manner of refrigeration appliance, such as
a freezer, refrigerator/freezer combination, and any style or model
of conventional refrigerator. In addition, it should be understood
that the present subject matter is not limited to use in
appliances. Thus, the present subject matter may be used for any
other suitable purpose, such as vapor compression within air
conditioning units or air compression within air compressors.
[0027] In the illustrated exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the
refrigerator appliance 10 is depicted as an upright refrigerator
having a cabinet or casing 12 that defines a number of internal
chilled storage compartments. In particular, refrigerator appliance
10 includes upper fresh-food compartments 14 having doors 16 and
lower freezer compartment 18 having upper drawer 20 and lower
drawer 22. The drawers 20 and 22 are "pull-out" drawers in that
they can be manually moved into and out of the freezer compartment
18 on suitable slide mechanisms.
[0028] FIG. 2 is a schematic view of certain components of
refrigerator appliance 10, including a sealed refrigeration system
60 of refrigerator appliance 10. A machinery compartment 62
contains components for executing a known vapor compression cycle
for cooling air. The components include a compressor 64, a
condenser 66, an expansion device 68, and an evaporator 70
connected in series and charged with a refrigerant. As will be
understood by those skilled in the art, refrigeration system 60 may
include additional components, e.g., at least one additional
evaporator, compressor, expansion device, and/or condenser. As an
example, refrigeration system 60 may include two evaporators.
[0029] Within refrigeration system 60, refrigerant flows into
compressor 64, which operates to increase the pressure of the
refrigerant. This compression of the refrigerant raises its
temperature, which is lowered by passing the refrigerant through
condenser 66. Within condenser 66, heat exchange with ambient air
takes place so as to cool the refrigerant. A fan 72 is used to pull
air across condenser 66, as illustrated by arrows A.sub.C, so as to
provide forced convection for a more rapid and efficient heat
exchange between the refrigerant within condenser 66 and the
ambient air. Thus, as will be understood by those skilled in the
art, increasing air flow across condenser 66 can, e.g., increase
the efficiency of condenser 66 by improving cooling of the
refrigerant contained therein.
[0030] An expansion device (e.g., a valve, capillary tube, or other
restriction device) 68 receives refrigerant from condenser 66. From
expansion device 68, the refrigerant enters evaporator 70. Upon
exiting expansion device 68 and entering evaporator 70, the
refrigerant drops in pressure. Due to the pressure drop and/or
phase change of the refrigerant, evaporator 70 is cool relative to
compartments 14 and 18 of refrigerator appliance 10. As such,
cooled air is produced and refrigerates compartments 14 and 18 of
refrigerator appliance 10. Thus, evaporator 70 is a type of heat
exchanger which transfers heat from air passing over evaporator 70
to refrigerant flowing through evaporator 70.
[0031] Collectively, the vapor compression cycle components in a
refrigeration circuit, associated fans, and associated compartments
are sometimes referred to as a sealed refrigeration system operable
to force cold air through compartments 14, 18 (FIG. 1). The
refrigeration system 60 depicted in FIG. 2 is provided by way of
example only. Thus, it is within the scope of the present subject
matter for other configurations of the refrigeration system to be
used as well.
[0032] FIG. 3 provides a perspective view of a linear compressor
100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present subject
matter. FIG. 4 provides a side section view of linear compressor
100. FIG. 5 provides an exploded side section view of linear
compressor 100. As discussed in greater detail below, linear
compressor 100 is operable to increase a pressure of fluid within a
chamber 112 of linear compressor 100. Linear compressor 100 may be
used to compress any suitable fluid, such as refrigerant or air. In
particular, linear compressor 100 may be used in a refrigerator
appliance, such as refrigerator appliance 10 (FIG. 1) in which
linear compressor 100 may be used as compressor 64 (FIG. 2). As may
be seen in FIG. 3, linear compressor 100 defines an axial direction
A, a radial direction R and a circumferential direction C. Linear
compressor 100 may be enclosed within a hermetic or air-tight shell
(not shown). The hermetic shell can, e.g., hinder or prevent
refrigerant from leaking or escaping from refrigeration system
60.
[0033] Turning now to FIG. 4, linear compressor 100 includes a
casing 110 that extends between a first end portion 102 and a
second end portion 104, e.g., along the axial direction A. Casing
110 includes various static or non-moving structural components of
linear compressor 100. In particular, casing 110 includes a
cylinder assembly 111 that defines a chamber 112. Cylinder assembly
111 is positioned at or adjacent second end portion 104 of casing
110. Chamber 112 extends longitudinally along the axial direction
A. Casing 110 also includes a motor mount mid-section 113 and an
end cap 115 positioned opposite each other about a motor. A stator,
e.g., including an outer back iron 150 and a driving coil 152, of
the motor is mounted or secured to casing 110, e.g., such that the
stator is sandwiched between motor mount mid-section 113 and end
cap 115 of casing 110. Linear compressor 100 also includes valves
(such as a discharge valve assembly 117 at an end of chamber 112)
that permit refrigerant to enter and exit chamber 112 during
operation of linear compressor 100.
[0034] A piston assembly 114 with a piston head 116 is slidably
received within chamber 112 of cylinder assembly 111. In
particular, piston assembly 114 is slidable along a first axis A1
within chamber 112. The first axis A1 may be substantially parallel
to the axial direction A. During sliding of piston head 116 within
chamber 112, piston head 116 compresses refrigerant within chamber
112. As an example, from a top dead center position, piston head
116 can slide within chamber 112 towards a bottom dead center
position along the axial direction A, i.e., an expansion stroke of
piston head 116. When piston head 116 reaches the bottom dead
center position, piston head 116 changes directions and slides in
chamber 112 back towards the top dead center position, i.e., a
compression stroke of piston head 116. It should be understood that
linear compressor 100 may include an additional piston head and/or
additional chamber at an opposite end of linear compressor 100.
Thus, linear compressor 100 may have multiple piston heads in
alternative exemplary embodiments.
[0035] Linear compressor 100 also includes an inner back iron
assembly 130. Inner back iron assembly 130 is positioned in the
stator of the motor. In particular, outer back iron 150 and/or
driving coil 152 may extend about inner back iron assembly 130,
e.g., along the circumferential direction C Inner back iron
assembly 130 extends between a first end portion 132 and a second
end portion 134, e.g., along the axial direction A.
[0036] Inner back iron assembly 130 also has an outer surface 137.
At least one driving magnet 140 is mounted to inner back iron
assembly 130, e.g., at outer surface 137 of inner back iron
assembly 130. Driving magnet 140 may face and/or be exposed to
driving coil 152. In particular, driving magnet 140 may be spaced
apart from driving coil 152, e.g., along the radial direction R by
an air gap AG. Thus, the air gap AG may be defined between opposing
surfaces of driving magnet 140 and driving coil 152. Driving magnet
140 may also be mounted or fixed to inner back iron assembly 130
such that an outer surface 142 of driving magnet 140 is
substantially flush with outer surface 137 of inner back iron
assembly 130. Thus, driving magnet 140 may be inset within inner
back iron assembly 130. In such a manner, the magnetic field from
driving coil 152 may have to pass through only a single air gap
(e.g., air gap AG) between outer back iron 150 and inner back iron
assembly 130 during operation of linear compressor 100, and linear
compressor 100 may be more efficient than linear compressors with
air gaps on both sides of a driving magnet.
[0037] As may be seen in FIG. 4, driving coil 152 extends about
inner back iron assembly 130, e.g., along the circumferential
direction C. Driving coil 152 is operable to move the inner back
iron assembly 130 along a second axis A2 during operation of
driving coil 152. The second axis may be substantially parallel to
the axial direction A and/or the first axis A1. As an example,
driving coil 152 may receive a current from a current source (not
shown) in order to generate a magnetic field that engages driving
magnet 140 and urges piston assembly 114 to move along the axial
direction A in order to compress refrigerant within chamber 112 as
described above and will be understood by those skilled in the art.
In particular, the magnetic field of driving coil 152 may engage
driving magnet 140 in order to move inner back iron assembly 130
along the second axis A2 and piston head 116 along the first axis
A1 during operation of driving coil 152. Thus, driving coil 152 may
slide piston assembly 114 between the top dead center position and
the bottom dead center position, e.g., by moving inner back iron
assembly 130 along the second axis A2, during operation of driving
coil 152.
[0038] Linear compressor 100 may include various components for
permitting and/or regulating operation of linear compressor 100. In
particular, linear compressor 100 includes a controller (not shown)
that is configured for regulating operation of linear compressor
100. The controller is in, e.g., operative, communication with the
motor, e.g., driving coil 152 of the motor. Thus, the controller
may selectively activate driving coil 152, e.g., by supplying
current to driving coil 152, in order to compress refrigerant with
piston assembly 114 as described above.
[0039] The controller includes memory and one or more processing
devices such as microprocessors, CPUs or the like, such as general
or special purpose microprocessors operable to execute programming
instructions or micro-control code associated with operation of
linear compressor 100. The memory can represent random access
memory such as DRAM, or read only memory such as ROM or FLASH. The
processor executes programming instructions stored in the memory.
The memory can be a separate component from the processor or can be
included onboard within the processor. Alternatively, the
controller may be constructed without using a microprocessor, e.g.,
using a combination of discrete analog and/or digital logic
circuitry (such as switches, amplifiers, integrators, comparators,
flip-flops, AND gates, and the like) to perform control
functionality instead of relying upon software.
[0040] Linear compressor 100 also includes a machined spring 120.
Machined spring 120 is positioned in inner back iron assembly 130.
In particular, inner back iron assembly 130 may extend about
machined spring 120, e.g., along the circumferential direction C.
Machined spring 120 also extends between first and second end
portions 102 and 104 of casing 110, e.g., along the axial direction
A. Machined spring 120 assists with coupling inner back iron
assembly 130 to casing 110, e.g., cylinder assembly 111 of casing
110. In particular, inner back iron assembly 130 is fixed to
machined spring 120 at a middle portion 119 of machined spring 120
as discussed in greater detail below.
[0041] During operation of driving coil 152, machined spring 120
supports inner back iron assembly 130. In particular, inner back
iron assembly 130 is suspended by machined spring 120 within the
stator of the motor such that motion of inner back iron assembly
130 along the radial direction R is hindered or limited while
motion along the second axis A2 is relatively unimpeded. Thus,
machined spring 120 may be substantially stiffer along the radial
direction R than along the axial direction A. In such a manner,
machined spring 120 can assist with maintaining a uniformity of the
air gap AG between driving magnet 140 and driving coil 152, e.g.,
along the radial direction R, during operation of the motor and
movement of inner back iron assembly 130 on the second axis A2.
Machined spring 120 can also assist with hindering side pull forces
of the motor from transmitting to piston assembly 114 and being
reacted in cylinder assembly 111 as a friction loss.
[0042] FIG. 6 provides a side section view of certain components of
linear compressor 100. FIG. 10 provides a perspective view of
machined spring 120. As may be seen in FIG. 10, machined spring 120
includes a first cylindrical portion 121, a second cylindrical
portion 122, a first helical portion 123, a third cylindrical
portion 125 and a second helical portion 126. First helical portion
123 of machined spring 120 extends between and couples first and
second cylindrical portions 121 and 122 of machined spring 120,
e.g., along the axial direction A. Similarly, second helical
portion 126 of machined spring 120 extends between and couples
second and third cylindrical portions 122 and 125 of machined
spring 120, e.g., along the axial direction A.
[0043] Turning back to FIG. 4, first cylindrical portion 121 is
mounted or fixed to casing 110 at first end portion 102 of casing
110. Thus, first cylindrical portion 121 is positioned at or
adjacent first end portion 102 of casing 110. Third cylindrical
portion 125 is mounted or fixed to casing 110 at second end portion
104 of casing 110, e.g., to cylinder assembly 111 of casing 110.
Thus, third cylindrical portion 125 is positioned at or adjacent
second end portion 104 of casing 110. Second cylindrical portion
122 is positioned at middle portion 119 of machined spring 120. In
particular, second cylindrical portion 122 is positioned within and
fixed to inner back iron assembly 130. Second cylindrical portion
122 may also be positioned equidistant from first and third
cylindrical portions 121 and 125, e.g., along the axial direction
A.
[0044] First cylindrical portion 121 of machined spring 120 is
mounted to casing 110 with fasteners (not shown) that extend though
end cap 115 of casing 110 into first cylindrical portion 121. In
alternative exemplary embodiments, first cylindrical portion 121 of
machined spring 120 may be threaded, welded, glued, fastened, or
connected via any other suitable mechanism or method to casing 110.
Third cylindrical portion 125 of machined spring 120 is mounted to
cylinder assembly 111 at second end portion 104 of casing 110 via a
screw thread of third cylindrical portion 125 threaded into
cylinder assembly 111. In alternative exemplary embodiments, third
cylindrical portion 125 of machined spring 120 may be welded,
glued, fastened, or connected via any other suitable mechanism or
method, such as an interference fit, to casing 110.
[0045] As may be seen in FIG. 10, first helical portion 123
extends, e.g., along the axial direction A, between first and
second cylindrical portions 121 and 122 and couples first and
second cylindrical portions 121 and 122 together. Similarly, second
helical portion 126 extends, e.g., along the axial direction A,
between second and third cylindrical portions 122 and 125 and
couples second and third cylindrical portions 122 and 125 together.
Thus, second cylindrical portion 122 is suspended between first and
third cylindrical portions 121 and 125 with first and second
helical portions 123 and 126.
[0046] First and second helical portions 123 and 126 and first,
second and third cylindrical portions 121, 122 and 125 of machined
spring 120 may be continuous with one another and/or integrally
mounted to one another. As an example, machined spring 120 may be
formed from a single, continuous piece of metal, such as steel, or
other elastic material. In addition, first, second and third
cylindrical portions 121, 122 and 125 and first and second helical
portions 123 and 126 of machined spring 120 may be positioned
coaxially relative to one another, e.g., on the second axis A2.
[0047] First helical portion 123 includes a first pair of helices
124. Thus, first helical portion 123 may be a double start helical
spring. Helical coils of first helices 124 are separate from each
other. Each helical coil of first helices 124 also extends between
first and second cylindrical portions 121 and 122 of machined
spring 120. Thus, first helices 124 couple first and second
cylindrical portions 121 and 122 of machined spring 120 together.
In particular, first helical portion 123 may be formed into a
double-helix structure in which each helical coil of first helices
124 is wound in the same direction and connect first and second
cylindrical portions 121 and 122 of machined spring 120.
[0048] Second helical portion 126 includes a second pair of helices
127. Thus, second helical portion 126 may be a double start helical
spring. Helical coils of second helices 127 are separate from each
other. Each helical coil of second helices 127 also extends between
second and third cylindrical portions 122 and 125 of machined
spring 120. Thus, second helices 127 couple second and third
cylindrical portions 122 and 125 of machined spring 120 together.
In particular, second helical portion 126 may be formed into a
double-helix structure in which each helical coil of second helices
127 is wound in the same direction and connect second and third
cylindrical portions 122 and 125 of machined spring 120.
[0049] By providing first and second helices 124 and 127 rather
than a single helix, a force applied by machined spring 120 may be
more even and/or inner back iron assembly 130 may rotate less
during motion of inner back iron assembly 130 along the second axis
A2. In addition, first and second helices 124 and 127 may be
counter or oppositely wound. Such opposite winding may assist with
further balancing the force applied by machined spring 120 and/or
inner back iron assembly 130 may rotate less during motion of inner
back iron assembly 130 along the second axis A2. In alternative
exemplary embodiments, first and second helices 124 and 127 may
include more than two helices. For example, first and second
helices 124 and 127 may each include three helices, four helices,
five helices or more.
[0050] By providing machined spring 120 rather than a coiled wire
spring, performance of linear compressor 100 can be improved. For
example, machined spring 120 may be more reliable than comparable
coiled wire springs. In addition, the stiffness of machined spring
120 along the radial direction R may be greater than that of
comparable coiled wire springs. Further, comparable coiled wire
springs include an inherent unbalanced moment. Machined spring 120
may be formed to eliminate or substantially reduce any inherent
unbalanced moments. As another example, adjacent coils of a
comparable coiled wire spring contact each other at an end of the
coiled wire spring, and such contact may dampen motion of the
coiled wire spring thereby negatively affecting a performance of an
associated linear compressor. In contrast, by being formed of a
single continuous material and having no contact between adjacent
coils, machined spring 120 may have less dampening than comparable
coiled wire springs.
[0051] As may be seen in FIG. 6, inner back iron assembly 130
includes an outer cylinder 136 and a sleeve 139. Outer cylinder 136
defines outer surface 137 of inner back iron assembly 130 and also
has an inner surface 138 positioned opposite outer surface 137 of
outer cylinder 136. Sleeve 139 is positioned on or at inner surface
138 of outer cylinder 136. A first interference fit between outer
cylinder 136 and sleeve 139 may couple or secure outer cylinder 136
and sleeve 139 together. In alternative exemplary embodiments,
sleeve 139 may be welded, glued, fastened, or connected via any
other suitable mechanism or method to outer cylinder 136.
[0052] Sleeve 139 extends about machined spring 120, e.g., along
the circumferential direction C. In addition, middle portion 119 of
machined spring 120 (e.g., third cylindrical portion 125) is
mounted or fixed to inner back iron assembly 130 with sleeve 139.
As may be seen in FIG. 6, sleeve 139 extends between inner surface
138 of outer cylinder 136 and middle portion 119 of machined spring
120, e.g., along the radial direction R. In particular, sleeve 139
extends between inner surface 138 of outer cylinder 136 and second
cylindrical portion 122 of machined spring 120, e.g., along the
radial direction R. A second interference fit between sleeve 139
and middle portion 119 of machined spring 120 may couple or secure
sleeve 139 and middle portion 119 of machined spring 120 together.
In alternative exemplary embodiments, sleeve 139 may be welded,
glued, fastened, or connected via any other suitable mechanism or
method to middle portion 119 of machined spring 120 (e.g., second
cylindrical portion 122 of machined spring 120).
[0053] Outer cylinder 136 may be constructed of or with any
suitable material. For example, outer cylinder 136 may be
constructed of or with a plurality of (e.g., ferromagnetic)
laminations 131. Laminations 131 are distributed along the
circumferential direction C in order to form outer cylinder 136.
Laminations 131 are mounted to one another or secured together,
e.g., with rings 135 at first and second end portions 132 and 134
of inner back iron assembly 130. Outer cylinder 136, e.g.,
laminations 131, define a recess 144 that extends inwardly from
outer surface 137 of outer cylinder 136, e.g., along the radial
direction R. Driving magnet 140 is positioned in recess 144, e.g.,
such that driving magnet 140 is inset within outer cylinder
136.
[0054] A piston flex mount 160 is mounted to and extends through
inner back iron assembly 130. In particular, piston flex mount 160
is mounted to inner back iron assembly 130 via sleeve 139 and
machined spring 120. Thus, piston flex mount 160 may be coupled
(e.g., threaded) to machined spring 120 at second cylindrical
portion 122 of machined spring 120 in order to mount or fix piston
flex mount 160 to inner back iron assembly 130. A coupling 170
extends between piston flex mount 160 and piston assembly 114,
e.g., along the axial direction A. Thus, coupling 170 connects
inner back iron assembly 130 and piston assembly 114 such that
motion of inner back iron assembly 130, e.g., along the axial
direction A or the second axis A2, is transferred to piston
assembly 114.
[0055] FIG. 8 provides a perspective view of coupling 170. As may
be seen in FIG. 8, coupling 170 extends between a first end portion
172 and a second end portion 174, e.g., along the axial direction
A. Turning back to FIG. 6, first end portion 172 of coupling 170 is
mounted to the piston flex mount 160, and second end portion 174 of
coupling 170 is mounted to piston assembly 114. First and second
end portions 172 and 174 of coupling 170 may be positioned at
opposite sides of driving coil 152. In particular, coupling 170 may
extend through driving coil 152, e.g., along the axial direction
A.
[0056] FIG. 7 provides a perspective view of piston flex mount 160.
FIG. 9 provides a perspective view of piston assembly 114. As may
be seen in FIG. 7, piston flex mount 160 defines at least one
passage 162. Passage 162 of piston flex mount 160 extends, e.g.,
along the axial direction A, through piston flex mount 160. Thus, a
flow of fluid, such as air or refrigerant, may pass though piston
flex mount 160 via passage 162 of piston flex mount 160 during
operation of linear compressor 100.
[0057] As may be seen in FIG. 9, piston head 116 also defines at
least one opening 118. Opening 110 of piston head 116 extends,
e.g., along the axial direction A, through piston head 116. Thus,
the flow of fluid may pass though piston head 116 via opening 118
of piston head 116 into chamber 112 during operation of linear
compressor 100. In such a manner, the flow of fluid (that is
compressed by piston head 114 within chamber 112) may flow through
piston flex mount 160 and inner back iron assembly 130 to piston
assembly 114 during operation of linear compressor 100.
[0058] FIG. 11 provides a schematic view of a flexible or compliant
coupling 200 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present
subject matter with certain components of linear compressor 100.
Compliant coupling 200 may be used in any suitable linear
compressor to connect or couple a moving component (e.g., driven by
a motor of the linear compressor) to a piston of the linear
compressor. As an example, compliant coupling 200 may be used in
linear compressor 100 (FIG. 3), e.g., as coupling 170. Thus, while
described in the context of linear compressor 100, it should be
understood that compliant coupling 200 may be used in any suitable
linear compressor. In particular, compliant coupling 200 may be
used in linear compressors with moving inner back irons or in
linear compressors with stationary or fixed inner back irons.
[0059] As may be seen in FIG. 11, flexible coupling 200 includes a
flat wire coil spring 210. Flat wire coil spring 210 may extend,
e.g., along the axial direction A, between a mover of a linear
compressor and a piston of the linear compressor. For example, flat
wire coil spring 210 may extend between inner back iron assembly
130 and piston assembly 114, e.g., along the axial direction A. In
particular, flat wire coil spring 210 extends between a first end
portion 212 and a second end portion 214, e.g., along the axial
direction A. First end portion 212 of flat wire coil spring 210 is
mounted or fixed to inner back iron assembly 130, e.g., via piston
flex mount 160. Second end portion 214 of flat wire coil spring 210
is mounted or fixed to piston assembly 114.
[0060] Compliant coupling 200 also includes a wire 220. Wire 220 is
disposed within flat wire coil spring 210. Wire 220 may extend,
e.g., along the axial direction A, between a mover of a linear
compressor and a piston of the linear compressor within flat wire
coil spring 210. As an example, wire 220 may extend between inner
back iron assembly 130 and piston assembly 114, e.g., along the
axial direction A, within flat wire coil spring 210. In particular,
wire 220 extends between a first end portion 222 and a second end
portion 224, e.g., along the axial direction A. First end portion
222 of wire 220 is mounted or fixed to inner back iron assembly
130, e.g., via piston flex mount 160. Second end portion 224 of
wire 220 is mounted or fixed to piston assembly 114. As shown in
FIG. 11, wire 220 may be positioned concentrically within flat wire
coil spring 210, e.g., in a plane that is perpendicular to the
axial direction A.
[0061] Flat wire coil spring 210 has a width WS, e.g., in a plane
that is perpendicular to the axial direction A. Wire 220 also has a
width WW, e.g., in a plane that is perpendicular to the axial
direction A. The width WS of flat wire coil spring 210 and the
width WW of wire 220 may be any suitable widths. For example, the
width WS of flat wire coil spring 210 may be greater than the width
WW of wire 220. In particular, the width WS of flat wire coil
spring 210 may be at least five times, at least ten times, or at
least twenty times greater than the width WW of wire 220.
[0062] Flat wire coil spring 210 also has a length LS, e.g., along
the axial direction A, and wire 220 has a length LW, e.g., along
the axial direction A. The length LS of flat wire coil spring 210
and the length LW of wire 220 may be any suitable lengths. For
example, the length LS of flat wire coil spring 210 may be about
equal to the length LW of wire 220. As another example, the length
LS of flat wire coil spring 210 may be greater than length LW of
wire 220.
[0063] FIGS. 12 and 13 provide perspective views of flat wire coil
spring 210 of compliant coupling 200. As may be seen in FIGS. 12
and 13, flat wire coil spring 210 includes a flat wire 211. Flat
wire 211 may be constructed of or with any suitable material. For
example, flat wire 211 may be constructed of or with a metal, such
as steel.
[0064] Flat wire 211 is wound or coiled into a helical shape to
form flat wire coil spring 210. In particular, flat wire 211 has a
first flat or planar surface 216 (FIG. 14) and a second flat or
planar surface 218 (FIG. 14). First and second planar surfaces 216
and 218 are positioned opposite each other on flat wire 211, e.g.,
along the axial direction A. With flat wire 211 wound or coiled
into a helical shape, first planar surface 216 of flat wire 211 is
positioned on and contacts second planar surface 218 of flat wire
211 between adjacent coils of flat wire coil spring 210. Thus,
first planar surface 216 of flat wire 211 in a first coil of flat
wire coil spring 210 is positioned on and contacts second planar
surface 218 of flat wire 211 in a second coil of flat wire coil
spring 210. The first and second coils of flat wire coil spring 210
being positioned adjacent each other. Thus, in certain exemplary
embodiments, flat wire coil spring 210 may be naturally fully
compressed as shown in FIG. 12.
[0065] FIG. 14 provides a section view of flat wire coil spring
210. As may be seen in FIG. 14, first and second axes A1 and A2 may
be offset from each other, e.g., along the radial direction R.
Thus, first and second axes A1 and A2 may not be coaxial, and
motion of inner back iron assembly 130 may be offset from piston
assembly 114, e.g., along the radial direction R. In addition,
first and second end portions 212 and 214 of flat wire coil spring
210 may be offset from each other, e.g., along the radial direction
R, and first and second end portions 222 and 224 of wire 220 may be
offset from each other, e.g., along the radial direction R. The
offset between first and second axes A1 and A2, e.g., along the
radial direction R, may be any suitable offset. For example, first
and second axes A1 and A2 may be offset from each other, e.g.,
along the radial direction R, by less than about one hundredth of
an inch.
[0066] Flat wire coil spring 210 can support large compressive
loads, e.g., in the natural state shown in FIG. 12 and/or in the
radially deflected configuration of FIG. 13. Thus, flat wire coil
spring 210 can support large compressive loads despite first and
second end portions 212 and 214 of flat wire coil spring 210 being
offset from each other, e.g., along the radial direction R. In
addition, flat wire coil spring 210 can permit first and second end
portions 212 and 214 of flat wire coil spring 210 to translate,
e.g., along the radial direction R, with respect to each other with
little force required.
[0067] As discussed above, compliant coupling 200 may extend
between inner back iron assembly 130 and piston assembly 114, e.g.,
along the axial direction A, and connect inner back iron assembly
130 and piston assembly 114 together. In particular, compliant
coupling 200 transfers motion of inner back iron assembly 130 along
the axial direction A to piston assembly 114. However, compliant
coupling 200 is compliant or flexible along the radial direction R
due to flat wire coil spring 210 and wire 220. In particular, flat
wire coil spring 210 and wire 220 of compliant coupling 200 may be
sufficiently compliant along the radial direction R such little or
no motion of inner back iron assembly 130 along the radial
direction R is transferred to piston assembly 114 by compliant
coupling 200. For example, flat wire coil spring 210 may assist
with transferring compressive loads between inner back iron
assembly 130 and piston assembly 114 along the axial direction A
while wire 220 may assist with transferring tensile loads between
inner back iron assembly 130 and piston assembly 114 along the
axial direction A despite first and second axes A1 and A2 being
offset from each other, e.g., along the radial direction R. In such
a manner, side pull forces of the motor are decoupled from piston
assembly 114 and/or cylinder assembly 111 and friction between
position assembly 114 and cylinder assembly 111 may be reduced.
[0068] This written description uses examples to disclose the
invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person
skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and
using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated
methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the
claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled
in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope
of the claims if they include structural elements that do not
differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include
equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from
the literal languages of the claims.
* * * * *