U.S. patent application number 14/433511 was filed with the patent office on 2015-08-13 for escape and survival pod.
This patent application is currently assigned to IDS Global Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is Kenneth J. CARLSON, Charles B. FARMER, Michael KROEMER, John R. NICOLINI, John D. SMITH, Mark D. WRIGGLE. Invention is credited to Kenneth J. Carlson, Charles B. Farmer, Michael Kroemer, John R. Nicolini, John D. Smith, Mark D. Wriggle.
Application Number | 20150225976 14/433511 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 50545224 |
Filed Date | 2015-08-13 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150225976 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Carlson; Kenneth J. ; et
al. |
August 13, 2015 |
ESCAPE AND SURVIVAL POD
Abstract
The present invention is directed to an escape and survival
capsule that provides protection to occupants from, e.g.,
cataclysmic natural events such as tsunamis, flooding, monsoon,
typhoons, tornadoes, hurricanes, water spouts, earthquakes and
mudslides. The capsule may be designed to be inflatable with
durable and rugged materials providing protection against hazardous
environmental factors during one or more of the preceding
cataclysmic events. The capsule may be designed to be easily
stowable, transportable and deployable so that it can serve its
intended purpose within minutes after the occurrence of any of the
preceding or other cataclysmic events.
Inventors: |
Carlson; Kenneth J.;
(Eureka, CA) ; Nicolini; John R.; (Arcata, CA)
; Kroemer; Michael; (Eureka, CA) ; Farmer; Charles
B.; (Snohomish, WA) ; Smith; John D.;
(University Place, WA) ; Wriggle; Mark D.;
(McKinleyville, CA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
CARLSON; Kenneth J.
NICOLINI; John R.
KROEMER; Michael
FARMER; Charles B.
SMITH; John D.
WRIGGLE; Mark D. |
Eureka
Arcata
Eureka
Snohomish
Washington
McKinleyville |
CA
CA
CA
WA
DC
CA |
US
US
US
US
US
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
IDS Global Inc.
Gig Harbor
WA
Woosung IB. Co. Ltd.
Incheon
|
Family ID: |
50545224 |
Appl. No.: |
14/433511 |
Filed: |
October 23, 2013 |
PCT Filed: |
October 23, 2013 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US2013/066447 |
371 Date: |
April 3, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61795666 |
Oct 23, 2012 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
52/2.11 ;
52/79.5 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04H 2015/201 20130101;
E04H 9/145 20130101; E04H 9/02 20130101; E04H 9/028 20130101; E04H
9/16 20130101; E04H 9/14 20130101 |
International
Class: |
E04H 9/14 20060101
E04H009/14; E04H 9/02 20060101 E04H009/02; E04H 9/16 20060101
E04H009/16 |
Claims
1. A survival capsule, comprising: a base section; a top section;
and, a middle section between the base section and top section,
wherein the middle section is comprised of one or more
polygonal-shaped panels which are reconfigurable relative to one
another from a collapsed state where the base and top sections are
adjacent to one another to a deployed state which provides
separation between the base and top sections.
2. The capsule of claim 1 wherein the base section is rigid.
3. The capsule of claim 1 wherein the base section is configured
into a pentagon shape.
4. The capsule of claim 1 wherein the top section comprises an
access hatch.
5. The capsule of claim 1 wherein the top section is rigid.
6. The capsule of claim 1 wherein the middle section is comprised
of at least 2 panels.
7. The capsule of claim 6 wherein the panels are configured into
pentagon shapes.
8. The capsule of claim 6 wherein the panels are comprised of a
drop-stitch material.
9. The capsule of claim 1 further comprising a seating arrangement
located within the capsule.
10. The capsule of claim 9 wherein the seating arrangement is
attached to the base section.
11. The capsule of claim 9 wherein the seating arrangement is
inflatable.
12. The capsule of claim 1 further comprising one or more beams
which provide structural support to the capsule.
13. The capsule of claim 11 wherein the one or more beams are
inflatable.
14. The capsule of claim 1 wherein the one or more polygonal-shaped
panels are inflatable.
15. The capsule of claim 13 wherein the one or more
polygonal-shaped panels are independently or concurrently
inflatable.
16. The capsule of claim 1 further comprising a fender system.
17. The capsule of claim 16 wherein the fender system is
inflatable.
18. The capsule of claim 4 further comprising a window located in
the access hatch.
19. The capsule of claim 1 further comprising a window located in
at least one of the polygonal-shaped panels.
20. The capsule of claim 1 further comprising a valve in at least
one of the polygonal-shaped panels for inflating the panel.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S.
Prov. App. 61/795,666 filed Oct. 23, 2012, which is incorporated
herein by reference in its entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to methods and apparatuses for
surviving catastrophic events including floods, earthquakes,
tornadoes, hurricanes, typhoons and tsunamis.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Severe natural disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes,
hurricanes, typhoons and tsunamis historically have caused
catastrophic loss of life and property. Two recent examples (2004
Indian Ocean tsunami caused by the magnitude 9.1-9.3 Richter scale
Sumatra-Andaman earthquake centered off of the west coast of
Sumatra, Indonesia and the magnitude 9.0 Richter scale 2011 Tohoku
earthquake/tsunami) illustrate the devastating impact these natural
events have on life and property. The Indian Ocean tsunami alone
was responsible for over 230,000 deaths in 14 countries bordering
the Indian Ocean. Tsunamis are generally induced by earthquakes,
and inflict their damage in two ways: the destructive force of a
wall of water traveling at high speed over low-lying populated
areas, and the resultant devastation caused by the receding water
as it carries the debris along with it. Similar extreme weather
events such as typhoons, tornadoes, severe tropical storms and
hurricanes can inflict severe damage to life and property from
forces generated by moving water, wind and debris propelled by such
forces.
[0004] Organizations have responded in various ways to the need to
mitigate loss of life and property due to these catastrophic
natural disaster events. With respect to saving lives, several
concepts for personal survival in the event of a tsunami or other
major waterborne disaster (for example, major flood event, tornado
over water, severe tropical storm, typhoon or hurricane) have been
put forward to meet this need. One concept is a version of a
hard-bottomed life raft with significant protection capabilities
designed to accommodate up to two dozen persons.
[0005] Another concept is an aluminum capsule with seating and
restraint devices designed to carry up to and secure four persons.
The aluminum capsule is not designed to be a free-floating pod;
rather, it has a tethering system designed to prevent it from being
carried away from the object to which it is secured. In such a
design, it is not at all clear as to whether it can maintain the
ability to float in the water, although the shape of the sphere and
the air-filled internal cavity will allow for some buoyancy.
Furthermore, the aluminum hull will provide its occupants with a
certain degree of protection against free-floating debris or fixed
objects (for example, buildings), it is not clear if the occupants
would be able to absorb the impact forces generated by striking
large objects at velocity without sustaining serious injury despite
the occupants being restrained inside the sphere. Aluminum is not a
material that is well suited for absorbing high-impact forces such
as those to be encountered during a severe natural disaster event.
Furthermore, this design, with its rigid aluminum body, is not
capable of being transported efficiently, as it is large and heavy;
moving it from place to place would require a lifting harness and
fork truck to hoist the device, and a flatbed truck to transport
it. Moreover, the fact that the design being discussed here has a
capacity of four adults and is rigid in nature presents a
significant challenge to efficient storage, particularly if it is
intended for use by an individual family. These particular aspects
of the design--lack of shock mitigation, difficulty in
transporting, and inefficient storage--present serious challenges
to widespread deployment to and use by individuals who require a
means of protecting themselves against the life-threatening hazards
of severe natural disaster events such as catastrophic weather and
geological events.
[0006] Another similar capsule is available and is made from
fiberglass, rather than aluminum. However, the same challenges and
deficiencies apply except that fiberglass is even less likely to
absorb high-impact forces typically encountered during severe
natural disaster events as fiberglass is easily shattered when
striking hard objects, which can lead to water ingress, injury to
occupants including occupants that are otherwise adequately
restrained within the capsule and potential sinking of the capsule
leading to the drowning of those within.
[0007] Thus, there is a need for an escape and survival pod or
capsule designed to be easily transported, stored, deployed and
used by people in need thereof and that is sufficiently rugged to
withstand the severe forces generated by catastrophic natural
disasters such as earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, tornadoes,
typhoons, hurricanes and the like. The escape and survival capsule
must be buoyant so that it will float in events of flooding,
torrential rains such as monsoons, tsunamis, water spouts, tropical
storms, hurricanes, typhoons and the like. The present invention
provides such an escape and survival pod or capsule.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The present invention addresses and overcomes the
aforementioned limitations of currently available escape and
survival pods or capsules for natural disasters by means of using
new designs and materials as is described herein.
[0009] The present invention comprises a new design for an escape
and survival pod, capsule or sphere that provides a means for
persons to survive a natural disaster event including catastrophic
water-related events such as tsunamis, floods, torrential rains
such as monsoon, typhoons, hurricanes and tornadoes formed over
water (i.e., water spouts). In one aspect, the survival capsule is
buoyant (i.e., capable of floating while experiencing events of
flooding, torrential rains such as monsoons, tsunamis, water
spouts, tropical storms, hurricanes, typhoons and the like) and
provides protection for up to four persons. The present invention
is herein defined as an escape and survival capsule, survival
capsule, escape and survival pod, survival pod, escape and survival
sphere, survival sphere or simply as a capsule, pod or sphere and,
in one embodiment, provides shock mitigation (i.e., protection
against high-impact forces encountered by the capsule during a
natural disaster event) and buoyancy (see, e.g., FIGS. 9a-9c).
However, the present invention is capable of being modified with
well-known design and manufacturing methods to accommodate more or
less than four persons to fulfill the requirements or needs of any
specific customer or customers.
[0010] Furthermore, the present invention provides for an efficient
transport and storage capability due to the nature of its
construction, which is light and collapsible (see, e.g., FIGS.
5a-5c). In one embodiment of the present invention, the escape and
survival pod forms its shape from a series of 9 drop-stitch panels
joined together by overlapping joints that are thermal welded
together, with a bottom panel being comprised of a rigid material
such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), aluminum, or other
structurally sound rigid material well known to those in the art
(see, e.g., FIGS. 1a-1c). In another aspect of the present
invention, the bottom panel may be comprised of the same
drop-stitch material as the other remaining panels.
[0011] In yet another aspect of the present invention, another
means by which to join the drop-stitch panels may be used including
the use of glue or other suitable adhesives well known to those in
the art. In another embodiment of the present invention, the escape
and survival pod may be constructed from more or less than 12
panels. In one embodiment of the present invention, 10 drop-stitch
panels comprising the sides of the survival capsule are
contemplated along with 2 rigid panels comprising a rigid bottom
and rigid top base such that a dodecahedron or dodecagon shape is
formed. In one aspect of the present invention, the survival
capsule so formed may be inflatable while in another aspect, the
survival capsule may not be inflatable but optionally assembled in
component parts as a static structure.
[0012] In one embodiment, each drop-stitch panel is inflated with
compressed air or an inert gas, to achieve a pressure of at least 8
pounds per square inch (psi). In another embodiment, the survival
capsule is pressurized to a pressure of about 8 psi to about 12 psi
(see, e.g., FIGS. 10a-10c). However, the present invention is not
so limited as each panel may be inflated to less than 8 psi or more
than 12 psi, up to a pre-determined maximum safety limit. In one
embodiment, each panel is constructed of two layers, joined
together by nylon stitches, either laid out in a straight fashion
or arranged in a cross-stitch (`X`) manner. In other embodiments, a
single layer or more than two layers are used to construct the
panels.
[0013] In other embodiments, alternative materials for the stitches
may be used, e.g., polyethylene teraphthalate or other suitable
natural or synthetic material well known in the art.
[0014] In one embodiment, the drop-stitch panel layers are
comprised of polyurethane-coated woven nylon fabric. In other
embodiments, other materials may be used, including polyvinyl
chloride (PVC) or Kevlar.
[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, each drop-stitch
panel thickness is about 4 inches. In other embodiments, other
thicknesses may be used (for example, about 6 inches or greater).
In one embodiment, the panel layers may be coated with certain
coatings such as polyurethane coatings, techthane or other
specialized coatings well known in the art to enhance the
durability, abrasion, and puncture resistance qualities of the
chosen panel material.
[0016] In one embodiment, each panel is inflated with compressed
air. Compressed air may be obtained or produced from any readily
available source, e.g., a compressed air cylinders or air
compressors, both of which are available from well-known commercial
vendors or outlets. The compressed air is directed through a
network of inflation hoses and valves, forming the inflation
manifold system (see, e.g., FIGS. 7a-7c). In other embodiments, an
inert gas such as helium or another well-known inert gas such as
another of the so-called noble gases and carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2)
may be used in lieu of or addition to compressed air.
[0017] In one embodiment, the panels are supported by a framework
structure of inflatable drop-stitch beams, which are bonded to the
interior sections of the panels (see, e.g., FIGS. 6a-6c). The
panels are inflated through the same network of inflation hoses and
valves that supply the panels. When inflated, the beams form a
rigid skeleton that provides support to the overall structure,
allowing the survival pod to retain its shape. In one aspect of the
present invention, the beams are about 4 inches wide by about 6
inches high. In other embodiments of the present invention, other
dimensions may be used.
[0018] In another aspect of the present invention, 10 drop-stitch
panels may be used, with the bottom panel being a drop-stitch panel
of about 4 inches or greater thickness. In another embodiment of
the present invention, a secondary floor may be installed, on which
the seating assembly may be mounted (see, e.g., FIGS. 9b and 9c).
In the space between the secondary floor and bottom section,
storage may be provided for emergency and other items as desired or
required (e.g., U.S. Coast Guard or foreign-equivalent required
emergency items, food, water, clothing, blankets, life preservers,
flashlights, communications equipment and the like) and for a
ballast tank, to provide stability while the survival pod is
afloat. In one aspect of the present invention, the secondary floor
is made from a drop-stitch panel of about 4 inches thickness. In
other aspects, other thicknesses may be used. The secondary floor
is inflated with compressed air, compressed CO.sub.2 or compressed
helium or other inert gas (such as another of the so-called noble
gases) in the same manner as the other drop-stitch panels and
support beams are inflated, using the inflation manifold
assembly.
[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, access to the
interior of the survival pod is through a hatch. In one aspect, the
hatch is affixed to the top panel, allowing for access from the top
of the pod (see, e.g., FIG. 1a). In another embodiment, as shown in
FIG. 4a, access may be through the side of the survival pod through
a hatch affixed to a side panel. Moreover, in another aspect of the
present invention, access may be through the bottom of the survival
pod, with a hatch affixed to the bottom panel. In one aspect, the
hatch is made from a lightweight rigid composite material such as
Kevlar, HDPE, chlorosulfonated polyethylene synthetic rubber,
poly(vinyl chloride), rigid foam or other suitable materials well
known in the art. In other aspects of the present invention, the
hatch may be made from a composite foam material overlaid on each
side with a fiberglass-reinforced plastic layer. Other suitable and
well known materials may be used and are contemplated herein. In
one embodiment, the hatch is fitted with a venting system to allow
outside air to enter the interior of the survival sphere.
[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the occupant
seats may be comprised of drop-stitch material and take shape
through inflation with compressed air, compressed CO.sub.2 or
compressed helium or other inert gas (such as another of the
so-called noble gases) using the same inflation assembly network
used to inflate the panels and internal support structure (see,
e.g., FIGS. 8a-8c). In one aspect, rigid materials, e.g., HDPE,
other plastics, chlorosulfonated polyethylene synthetic rubber,
Kevlar, poly(vinyl chloride), rigid foam or other suitable rigid
materials known in the art may be used to reinforce the seats. Each
seat may be fitted with a restraint system to secure the occupant
to the seat. In one embodiment, grab handles may be bonded or
otherwise affixed to the interior of each panel facing the
occupant. Grab handles may be comprised of HDPE, chlorosulfonated
polyethylene synthetic rubber, Kevlar, poly(vinyl chloride), rigid
foam or other suitable materials well known in the art.
[0021] In another aspect of the present invention, a clear
material, such as poly(vinyl chloride), plexiglass or
aircraft-grade glass may be used for the layers of a given panel,
providing a window for the occupants and a means for outside light
to enter the interior of the survival sphere (see FIGS. 2a and
2c).
[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the survival
sphere may be collapsible. In one aspect, with the entry hatch on
the top panel, the panels, when fully deflated, fold down on top of
each other. The internal support structure and inflatable seats
also collapse down, forming an efficient storage footprint (see
FIGS. 5a-5c). In yet another aspect, four lifting handles may be
provided on each side of the survival sphere for easy lifting and
transporting. In other embodiments, additional lifting handles may
be provided for larger versions of the present invention. The
lifting handles may be comprised of HDPE, chlorosulfonated
polyethylene synthetic rubber, Kevilar, poly(vinyl chloride), rigid
foam or other suitable materials well known in the art.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] FIG. 1a shows a top view of the dodecahedron form of the
survival capsule with the access hatch embedded in the top panel,
according to one aspect of the present invention.
[0024] FIG. 1b shows a side view of the dodecahedron form of the
survival capsule, according to one aspect of the present
invention.
[0025] FIG. 1c shows a top-angle view of the dodecahedron form of
the survival capsule showing the access hatch embedded in the top
panel, according to one aspect of the present invention.
[0026] FIG. 2a shows a top view of the dodecahedron form of the
survival capsule with an embedded window in a panel, according to
one aspect of the present invention.
[0027] FIG. 2b shows a top-angle view of the dodecahedron form of
the survival capsule with an embedded window in a panel, according
to one aspect of the present invention.
[0028] FIG. 3a shows a top view drawing with dimensions showing an
inflatable fender system that surrounds the dodecahedron form of
the survival capsule, according to one aspect of the present
invention.
[0029] FIG. 3b shows a side view of the dodecahedron form of the
survival capsule with fender system attached, according to one
aspect of the present invention.
[0030] FIG. 3c shows a top-angle view of the dodecahedron form of
the survival capsule with fender system attached, according to one
aspect of the present invention.
[0031] FIG. 4a shows a top view of the dodecahedron form of the
survival capsule, with access hatch in side panel, according to one
aspect of the present invention.
[0032] FIG. 4b shows a side view of the dodecahedron form of the
survival capsule, with access hatch in side panel, according to one
aspect of the present invention.
[0033] FIG. 4c shows a top-angle view of the dodecahedron form of
the survival capsule, with access hatch in side panel, according to
one aspect of the present invention.
[0034] FIG. 5a shows a top view of the dodecahedron form of the
survival capsule in collapsed state, according to one aspect of the
present invention.
[0035] FIG. 5b shows a side view of the dodecahedron form of the
survival capsule in collapsed state, according to one aspect of the
present invention.
[0036] FIG. 5c shows a top-angle view of the dodecahedron form of
the survival capsule in collapsed state, according to one aspect of
the present invention.
[0037] FIG. 6a shows a top view of the internal support beams,
forming the structural support system, according to one aspect of
the present invention.
[0038] FIG. 6b shows a side view of the internal support beams,
forming the structural support system, according to one aspect of
the present invention.
[0039] FIG. 6c shows a top-angle view of the internal support
beams, forming the structural support system, according to one
aspect of the present invention.
[0040] FIG. 7a shows a top view of the of panel system with
inflation manifold, according to one aspect of the present
invention.
[0041] FIG. 7b shows a side view of the of panel system with
inflation manifold, according to one aspect of the present
invention.
[0042] FIG. 7c shows a top-angle view of the of panel system with
inflation manifold, according to one aspect of the present
invention.
[0043] FIG. 7d shows a top-angle view of the inflation manifold
system, with network of inflation hoses connected to each panel,
according to one aspect of the present invention.
[0044] FIG. 8a shows a top view of the survival capsule seating
arrangement, according to one aspect of the present invention.
[0045] FIG. 8b shows a side view of the survival capsule seating
arrangement, according to one aspect of the present invention.
[0046] FIG. 8c shows a top-angle view of the survival capsule
seating arrangement, according to one aspect of the present
invention.
[0047] FIG. 9a shows a top view of the survival capsule seating
arrangements of 4 persons seated, drawn to scale, according to one
aspect of the present invention.
[0048] FIG. 9b shows a side view of the survival capsule seating
arrangements of 4 persons seated, drawn to scale, according to one
aspect of the present invention.
[0049] FIG. 9c shows a top-angle view of the survival capsule
seating arrangements of 4 persons seated, drawn to scale, according
to one aspect of the present invention.
[0050] FIG. 10a shows a top view of one drop-stitch panel, with
dimensions specified for one embodiment, showing pressure relief
valves, according to one aspect of the present invention.
[0051] FIG. 10b shows a side view of one drop-stitch panel, with
dimensions specified for one embodiment, showing pressure relief
valves, according to one aspect of the present invention.
[0052] FIG. 10c shows a top-angle view of one drop-stitch panel,
with dimensions specified for one embodiment, showing pressure
relief valves, according to one aspect of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0053] FIGS. 1a through 2b show a fully inflated survival capsule
from top, side, and top-angle views. The figures show a top
entry/exit access hatch 10 for access in and out of the survival
capsule. A ladder 16 is shown as a means of accessing the access
hatch 10. FIGS. 2a and 2b show a window or porthole 20 in a side
panel. The window 20 may be comprised of polyvinyl chloride (PVC),
plexiglass, safety glass such as the glass used in automobile
windshields, aircraft-grade glass or any other suitable transparent
material capable of being integrated or embedded within one or more
of the panels 12 of the survival capsule. The windows 20 may be
affixed to or embedded within the one or more panels 12 such that
they are secure and not capable of being opened. Alternatively, the
windows 20 may be affixed to or embedded within one or more panels
12 with mechanisms such as one or more hinges allowing for the
opening and closing of the window 20. In certain embodiments, the
hatch 10 may be designed to form a watertight seal once closed. In
certain other embodiments, the hatch 10 may not have a watertight
seal. In another embodiment, a window or porthole 20 may be
embedded or integrated within the hatch 10. Additionally and/or
optionally, the hatch 10 may be equipped with ventilation louvers
that are designed to allow outside air into the survival sphere. In
certain other embodiments, the outside ventilation louvers are
designed to minimize water ingress into the capsule.
[0054] The panel sections 12 are shown fully inflated and bonded
together. The method of bonding may be thermal welding or gluing of
fabric strips that form an overlap joint between panel sections 12.
In one aspect of the present invention, a rigid section forms the
bottom of the sphere, as depicted in FIGS. 1-6 and FIGS. 8-9. In
the embodiment in which a rigid bottom floor 14 is provided, a
secondary floor internal to the craft also may be provided, which
improves shock mitigation and allows for an internal cavity in
which emergency supplies may be stored and a ballast bladder
inserted for ride stability while the craft is afloat.
Alternatively, a ballast bladder may not be installed in situations
in which the survival capsule is not intended for cataclysmic water
events but dry ones such as earthquakes, mudslides, high winds,
tornadoes, and the like. The rigid bottom section 14 may be
manufactured from certain thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers
using known processing methods (e.g., extrusion molding,
rotomolding or thermoforming). The rigid bottom section 14 also may
be manufactured using a high density composite foam with
fiberglass-reinforced plastic laminate skins for protection,
aluminum, either in a solid or honeycomb configuration, or any
other suitable material providing rigidity. In one aspect of the
present invention, the rigid bottom section 14 may be manufactured
as a single piece. In another aspect of the present invention, the
rigid bottom section 14 may be manufactured in two or more pieces
such that the pieces are capable of being fitted together.
[0055] FIGS. 3a through 3c show a survival sphere with an
inflatable fender system 30 attached circumferentially around the
middle part of the sphere. As depicted in FIGS. 3a-3c and according
to one aspect of the present invention, the fender system 30 is
comprised of a five-chambered tube or sponson. Each chamber may be
pressurized up to the maximum pressure dictated by design and
materials selected. In certain embodiments, the maximum pressure
per square inch (psi) is embedded in or on one or more chambers of
the survival sphere so that it may be read by a person inflating
the one or more chambers. In a like manner and in certain other
embodiments, each panel 12 of the survival sphere may have the
maximum psi for such panel 12 embedded in or on it so that a person
may read it and know the maximum psi to inflate such panel 12. The
one or more chambers may be comprised of durable inflatable fabric
(e.g., polyurethane coated woven nylon fabric). The fabric may or
may not be coated with specialized coatings such as polyurethane
designed to increase the abrasion and puncture resistance of the
fabric. In certain embodiments, such a coating is applied to the
fabric. In certain other embodiments, the fabric is not so coated.
Alternatively, the fender system 30 may be filled with high density
foam, or a combination of high density foam and pressurized air,
pressurized CO.sub.2 or pressurized helium or another noble gas, or
any combination of the preceding. The fender system 30 may be
attached to the survival sphere by means of attachment strips made
from the same fabric as the fender system and survival sphere. In
certain embodiments, the fender system 30 may be attached to the
survival sphere by means of thermal welding or gluing. In certain
embodiments, a tensioning system using bolt rope and rope tract
also may be used to ensure each sponson section is securely
fastened to the outside of the sphere. In certain embodiments, each
chamber of the fender system 30 is independent from each other, so
that if one chamber is punctured and loses air, CO.sub.2, helium,
etc., in the embodiment in which pressurized air, CO.sub.2, helium,
etc. is used to form the sponson chamber, the other chambers will
remain fully inflated. In the embodiment in which pressurized air,
CO.sub.2, helium, etc. is used to inflate the fender system 30,
each chamber is inflated using the inflation manifold assembly, in
which a system of inflation hoses and valves are used to inflate
each section of the survival sphere that requires pressurized air,
CO.sub.2, helium, etc. to assume its designed working form.
[0056] FIGS. 4a through 4c show certain embodiments in which the
survival sphere has a side panel entry/exit access hatch 40. In one
aspect, the method of entry into the fully inflated survival sphere
may be from the side of the sphere. In this embodiment, a hatch 40
(e.g., a specially modified Freeman Marine flush hatch) may be
embedded within or affixed upon or to a side panel of the survival
sphere, offering access to the interior of the sphere from a height
in which a ladder is not needed for such access. In certain
embodiments, the hatch 40 may be designed to form a watertight seal
once closed. In certain other embodiments, the hatch may not have a
watertight seal. In certain embodiments, the hatch 40 may be
equipped with ventilation louvers that are designed to allow
outside air into the survival sphere. In certain other embodiments,
the outside ventilation louvers are designed to minimize water
ingress into the capsule. Additionally and/or alternatively, the
hatch 40 may optionally include a window or porthole as well. In
certain embodiments, the hatch may be made from a high-density
composite foam (e.g., fiberglass infused polyurethane foam) and in
certain other embodiments, the high-density composite foam may have
additional features such as fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP)
laminated skins surrounding the foam core for added rigidity and
protection. In certain other embodiments, the hatch may be made
from a composite or plastic material, designed for high impact
resistance while being comparatively light in weight. In certain
embodiments, a window may be embedded within or affixed to or on
the hatch. In certain other embodiments, a window is not embedded
within or affixed to or on the hatch. In embodiments in which a
window is embedded within or affixed to or upon the hatch, the
window material may be comprised of poly(vinyl chloride),
plexiglass, safety glass such as the glass used in automobile
windshields, aircraft-grade glass or any other suitable transparent
material capable of being integrated or embedded within the
hatch.
[0057] FIGS. 5a through 5c show an embodiment of the present
invention in which the survival sphere is in its collapsed state.
The design of the panels is such that when not inflated with air,
CO.sub.2, helium, etc., they fold down on top of each other in a
stacking pattern. In this embodiment, the internal support beams
deflate and fold down with the panels. In certain embodiments, as
depicted in FIGS. 5a-5c, the inflatable seats may deflate as well,
and compress down when the survival sphere panels are folded down
on top of them. In this embodiment of the present invention, the
survival sphere is collapsible irrespective of where the entry/exit
access hatch 10 is located.
[0058] FIGS. 6a through 6c show the survival sphere's internal
support structure. In this embodiment, the support beams or
stringers 60 are roughly rectangular in shape, measuring about 6
inches wide by about 4 inches tall. In other embodiments, the
support beams 60 may be of different dimensions based on the size
of the survival sphere or other factors taken into consideration
requiring larger or smaller beams. In one embodiment, the support
beams 60 are made from the same drop-stitch fabric as the main
panels, and may be inflated to the same or similar operating
pressures (e.g., about 8 psi to about 12 psi). The purpose of the
support beams 60 is to form an internal support framework that
gives the survival sphere increased rigidity and structural
strength. In one embodiment, each support beam 60 section may be a
separate chamber, supplied with pressurized air, CO.sub.2, helium,
etc. through an inflation valve, and equipped with a pressure
relief valve to ensure over-pressurization does not occur. In this
particular embodiment, because each support beam 60 is a separate
chamber, loss of air, CO.sub.2, helium, etc., in one section
ensures that the other chambers are not affected. The number of
individual beam sections 60 can vary based on the requirements of
the design, from a minimum of two chambers (sections) to as many as
16, or more, depending on size of the survival sphere or certain
specifications requiring additional beam sections. In certain
embodiments, each beam chamber is separated from the other by a
fabric baffle, which may be made from the same material from which
the panel layers are constructed.
[0059] FIGS. 7a through 7d show top, side, and top-angle views
respectively, of the survival sphere's panel system with inflation
manifold assembly 70. In one embodiment, a central inflation port
may be provided in which an inflation cylinder may be attached
through a supplied harness system. Pressurized air, CO.sub.2,
helium. etc. is supplied to each drop-stitch panel, internal beam
chamber, inflatable seat structure, and secondary floor, according
to one embodiment of the present invention. Commercial
off-the-shelf inflation hoses may be used and may be connected to
each individual inflation port through inlet valves that allow
compressed air, CO.sub.2, helium, etc., to flow in one direction,
following an inflation sequence that is mapped out according to one
aspect of the present invention. The inflation sequence may be
modified based on the needs of the design. As the survival sphere
takes shape, and all components are fully inflated, the pressure
relief valves (PRV) in each chamber so equipped release air,
CO.sub.2, helium, etc., until the designed working pressure (DWP)
is achieved.
[0060] The DWP can be set and regulated by the PRV, meaning that
the specific PRV model selected in the design governs the amount of
pressurized air, CO.sub.2, helium, etc., each chamber will hold.
Therefore, the entire survival sphere can be inflated to the same
DWP (e.g., 8 psi), and thus can be filled in its entirety from the
central inflation port, to which the inflation cylinder is
attached. In another embodiment, certain sections of the survival
sphere can be filled to different pressures, which are dictated by
the specifications of the PRV. For example, if the survival sphere
panels and seating system is designed to be filled to 8 psi, but
the internal beam support system is designed to be filled to 12
psi, then the survival sphere and internal supporting structure can
be filled to the specified pressures based on the model of PRV
attached to the chamber and the design of the inflation manifold
system 70. Or, alternatively, the survival sphere panels, secondary
floor, and seating structure can be filled automatically to the
same pressure from the central inflation port, and the internal
support beams can be filled separately, with each chamber being
filled through an internal valve located in the baffle. In one
embodiment, the inflation hoses 72 run between the panels through a
fabric channel, entering each panel through an inflation port,
according to a manifold design, using inlet and outlet valves to
convey the pressurized air, CO.sub.2, helium, etc. In another
embodiment, the inflation hoses 72 run along the internal beam
sections and fill each chamber by bypassing the baffle through an
inlet and outlet system that is outside the beam. In one
embodiment, the individual beam chambers 60 are filled through a
one way inflation valve system built into the baffle. In either
embodiment, the individual chambers 60 are isolated from each
other, meaning that pressurization failure of one chamber 60 does
not result in pressurization failure in any other chamber 60.
Likewise, each drop-stitch panel 12 may be isolated from other
panels so that pressurization failure of one drop-stitch panel 12
does not result in pressurization failure to any other drop-stitch
panel 12.
[0061] FIGS. 8a through 9c show top, side, and top-angle views of
the survival sphere with seating arrangement 80, for 4 adult
persons. In one embodiment, the seating arrangement 80 may be with
each occupant seated 90 degrees to each other. In other
embodiments, the seating arrangement 80 may be with each occupant
seated less than 90 degrees to each other. In other embodiments,
the seating arrangement 80 may be with each occupant seated greater
than 90 degrees to each other. In one embodiment of the present
invention, 4 seats are provided in the survival sphere. In yet
other embodiments of the present invention, more than 4 seats are
provided. In still other embodiments of the present invention, less
than 4 seats are provided. In one embodiment, each seat or the
entire seating arrangement 80 may be inflatable and may be made
from the same drop-stitch material as the survival sphere panels
and internal support beams. In another embodiment, the seat backs
may be made from a rigid material (e.g., injection molded
thermoplastic), and may be deployed and locked in place manually by
the occupants of the survival sphere. In another embodiment, the
seating arrangement 80 may sit atop the secondary floor, which
itself may be a drop-stitch panel about 4 inches thick. In other
embodiments, the seating arrangement 80 may be affixed to the rigid
bottom section 14. In other embodiments, the secondary floor may be
comprised of drop-stitch material that is less than 4 inches thick.
In yet other embodiments, the secondary floor may be comprised of
drop-stitch material that is greater than 4 inches thick. In yet
still other embodiments, the secondary floor may be comprised of
rigid material instead of drop-stitch material as is described,
supra.
[0062] FIGS. 8a through 9c depict the seating arrangement 80 in its
inflated state. In one embodiment, the seating arrangement 80 may
be inflated to the DWP through the inflation manifold assembly
system. In certain embodiments, safety harnesses may be provided to
secure the occupants of the survival capsule. In one embodiment,
grab handles may be provided opposite each occupant, attached to
the interior panel, for added safety. In another embodiment,
positioned between the secondary floor and the rigid bottom section
14 of the survival sphere, a space is provided for storing
emergency supplies. In one embodiment, a ballast system may be
installed in the space between the secondary floor and the rigid
bottom section 14. In one aspect of the present invention, the
ballast system may be a fabric bladder filled with water or other
liquid to a certain weight, to provide stability and orientation to
the sphere while it is in operation. In another embodiment, the
ballast system may be of another design and may or may not be
stored within the space between the secondary floor and the rigid
bottom section 14. In one embodiment, an interior lighting system
may be provided, operated by battery power, allowing the occupants
to see at night or in conditions of poor lighting. In another
embodiment, a portable generator installed in the survival sphere
may provide the power for such lighting.
[0063] FIGS. 10a through 10c show an individual panel 12 with
dimensions. In one embodiment, the panel 12 may be in the shape of
a pentagon, as shown. While in other embodiments, the panel 12 may
be configured into any number of other polygon shapes, e.g.,
tetragon, tetragon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nonagon, decagon,
etc. In the event that the survival capsule is configured with the
pentagon-shaped panels 12, the resulting capsule may form a
dodecahedron or dodecagon structure, although other shapes and
structures are contemplated herein depending upon the configuration
of each individual panel. Moreover, panels 12 of different
configurations and sizes may be combined into a single structure
depending upon the desired properties.
[0064] Each of the individual panels 12 may be comprised of
drop-stitch materials as described herein. Moreover, other types of
materials and attachment methods may be used to form the survival
capsule. Such materials and attachment methods are commonly known
in the art.
[0065] Each panel 12 may be individually inflatable and independent
of the inflation of the other panels 12 such that failure of one
panel 12 to inflate or the loss of inflation of one panel 12 will
not cause the failure of inflation of any other panel 12 or result
in the deflation of any other panel 12. In other embodiments, all
inflatable components of the survival capsule including, e.g., each
panel 12 and/or beam 60, may be inflated concurrently to increase
the speed of inflation of the survival capsule.
[0066] In any of the panel designs and configurations, each panel
12 may be inflated by means of the inflation manifold system 70, as
discussed supra, or each panel 12 may be inflated through a valve
100 individually by means of any number of commercially available
pumps, e.g., air pumps.
[0067] In one embodiment of the present invention, the dimensions
for each panel are about 90 inches wide, with each side being about
56 inches long. In other embodiments, other dimensions may be used
based on the requirements of the design and the size of the
survival sphere. In one embodiment of the present embodiment, each
drop-stitch panel is about 4 inches thick. In other embodiments,
drop-stitch panels thicker or thinner than 4 inches may be used
based on the requirements of the design and the size of the sphere.
In one aspect of the present invention, the drop-stitch panel may
be made of two synthetic fabric layers, top and bottom, connected
to each other by synthetic stitches designed for the application.
In one embodiment, the stitches may be straight.
[0068] In another embodiment, the stitches may be crossed (`X`
stitching). In one embodiment, the length of the stitches
determines the thickness of the inflated panel. In one aspect, the
number and configuration of the stitches determines the maximum
pressure to which the panel can be inflated. In one embodiment,
each panel section may have a section of fabric that extends beyond
the inflated section, on all sides, to serve as an attachment flap,
to a width of about 2 inches. In other embodiments, the width of
the attachment flap may be greater than 2 inches. In other
embodiments, the width of the attachment flap may be less than 2
inches. In one embodiment, each panel may be joined to the other
panel through an overlap weld. In another embodiment, each panel
may be joined to the other panel through a prayer weld. The panels
are joined when the fabric attachment flap of one panel overlaps
the adjoining panel by a certain amount (e.g., 1 inch--although
other overlap distances may be used depending on the process), with
one attachment flap placed over the other, being bonded together
either through a thermal or friction welding process, or by gluing.
The outer framework of the survival sphere is completed when all
panels are bonded together, including the rigid bottom. The
internal components of the craft are bonded to the appropriate
places using the same method, that is, by use of attachment flaps
that are separate from but attached to the inflatable chambers.
[0069] The Applicants have provided an improved escape and survival
capsule for surviving waterborne disaster events such as tsunamis,
water spouts, flooding, severe rains, monsoon, tropical storms,
typhoons, hurricanes and the like. Furthermore, the Applicants have
provided an improved escape and survival capsule for surviving
terrestrial natural disasters and cataclysmic ecological events
such as earthquakes, mudslides, high winds, tornadoes, hurricanes
and typhoons not involving heavy rains or flooding, and the like.
Alternatively, the escape and survival capsule may be used for
recreational purposes such as white water rafting-type activities
or any other recreational pursuits.
[0070] The present invention provides numerous advantages to
surviving such natural calamities some of which include, but are
not limited to: (a) efficient storage of the survival sphere when
deflated; (b) easily transportable in its deflated state; (c)
comparatively inexpensive due to the relative simplicity of its
design; (d) easily deployed in an emergency situation as the
survival sphere can be carried and transported by 4 adults,
inflated, set-up and ready within minutes; (e) it is rugged and
durable, and easily repairable, meaning it can be used multiple
times; (f) it is highly buoyant, and will maintain flotation even
if one or more panel chambers are compromised or destroyed; and (g)
due to the nature of the air-filled panels and fender system, or
foam-filled fender system, impacts are absorbed effectively,
generating much greater shock mitigation than an aluminum or
fiberglass version of a survival capsule, and thus far less
potential for occupant injury.
[0071] While the above description contains many specific
embodiments, these should not be construed as limitations on the
scope, but as exemplifications of some present embodiments. Many
other ramifications and variations are possible within the
teachings and disclosures herein. For example, materials may be
changed for the main inflatable panels, and thin, rigid Kevlar
panels may be bonded to the outside (or inside) of the main
inflatable panels to provide extra puncture protection, etc. The
internal beam structure may be designed in various orientations,
whether in a uniform framework design as contemplated by some of
the embodiments herein or in alternative configurations, such as
circumferentially only. The fender system (for impact protection)
may be made from a rigid thermoplastic material and applied in
sections, rather than being an inflatable or foam filled fabric
collar or sponson, as described in certain embodiments herein. The
survival sphere may be used for recreational activities, such as
white water rafting, rather than purely for a life-saving purpose
in the event of an emergency.
[0072] Modification of the above-described assemblies and methods
for carrying out the present invention, combinations between
different variations as practicable, and variations of aspects of
the invention that are obvious to those of skill in the art are
intended to be within the scope of the claims.
* * * * *