U.S. patent application number 14/613055 was filed with the patent office on 2015-08-06 for article of apparel including apertures.
The applicant listed for this patent is Under Armour, Inc.. Invention is credited to Kyle Blakely.
Application Number | 20150218737 14/613055 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 53754344 |
Filed Date | 2015-08-06 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150218737 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Blakely; Kyle |
August 6, 2015 |
ARTICLE OF APPAREL INCLUDING APERTURES
Abstract
An article of apparel is formed of a woven textile structure
including channels formed by selectively removing warp and/or weft
yarns from the textile structure. Specifically, the removed yarns
define engineered apertures within textile structure. The
apertures, oriented along the warp and weft directions, provide an
article of apparel with good breathability and air permeability
properties.
Inventors: |
Blakely; Kyle; (Baltimore,
MD) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Under Armour, Inc. |
Baltimore |
MD |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
53754344 |
Appl. No.: |
14/613055 |
Filed: |
February 3, 2015 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61934962 |
Feb 3, 2014 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
428/131 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A41D 27/28 20130101;
Y10T 428/24273 20150115; D03D 15/06 20130101; A41D 31/14 20190201;
A41D 2500/20 20130101; D10B 2331/04 20130101; A41D 1/00 20130101;
D10B 2501/06 20130101; A41D 31/102 20190201; D03D 1/00 20130101;
A41D 31/00 20130101 |
International
Class: |
D03D 15/06 20060101
D03D015/06; A41D 1/00 20060101 A41D001/00; D03D 1/00 20060101
D03D001/00 |
Claims
1. An article of apparel comprising a woven textile structure
including a plurality of warp yarns and a plurality of weft yarns,
a warp channel defined by an elongated gap along the warp of the
textile structure, the warp channel formed by removal of a warp
yarn of the plurality of warp yarns, a weft channel defined by an
elongated gap along the weft of the textile structure, the weft
channel formed by removed of a weft yarn from the plurality of weft
yarns an engineered aperture disposed at an intersection of the
warp channel and the weft channel, the engineered aperture
permitting flow of fluid through the textile structure.
2. The article of apparel according to claim 1, wherein the
plurality of warp yarns comprises a dissolving yarn dissolvable by
a dissolving agent and an inert yarn not dissolvable by the
dissolving agent.
3. The article of apparel according to claim 2, wherein the
plurality of weft yarns comprises a dissolvable yarn dissolvable by
a dissolving agent and an inert yarn not dissolvable by the
dissolving agent.
4. The article of apparel according to claim 3, wherein the
dissolvable yarn comprises modified polyester and dissolving agent
comprises sodium hydroxide.
5. The article of apparel according to claim 1, wherein the textile
structure further comprises: a plurality of weft channels disposed
at predetermined locations along the textile structure, wherein
adjacent weft channels of the plurality of weft channels are
separated by one or more weft yarns; and a plurality of warp
channels disposed at predetermined locations along the textile
structure, wherein adjacent warp channels of the plurality of warp
channels are separated by one or more warp yarns.
6. The article of apparel according to claim 5, wherein: the
plurality of weft channels and the plurality of warp channels
cooperate to form a plurality of engineered apertures oriented in
spaced relation along the textile structure; and the plurality of
engineered apertures permit passage of fluid through the textile
structure.
7. The article of apparel according to claim 6, wherein the fluid
is air.
8. The article of apparel according to claim 6, wherein the fluid
is water vapor.
9. The article of apparel according to claim 6, wherein the
plurality of engineered apertures comprises: a first engineered
aperture possessing a first diameter; and a second engineered
aperture possessing a second diameter, wherein the second diameter
is greater than the first aperture.
10. The article of apparel according to claim 9, wherein ratio of
the second diameter size to the first diameter is approximately
1.5:1 to 5:1.
11. The article of apparel according to claim 9, wherein one of the
first or second diameters is greater than 100 .mu.m.
12. The article of apparel according to claim 1, wherein the fluid
at least one of fluid or water vapor.
13. The article of apparel according to claim 12, wherein each of
the warp yarn and the weft yarn comprises a synthetic polymer.
14. The article of apparel according to claim 1, comprising a
plurality of engineered apertures oriented along each of the warp
channel and the weft channel.
15. An article of apparel formed of a textile, the textile
comprising: a plurality of warp yarns, said plurality including an
inert warp yarn and a dissolvable warp yarn; a plurality of weft
yarns interwoven with the plurality of warp yarns; and a plurality
of dissolution voids formed via exposing the plurality of warp
yarns to a dissolving agent to dissolve the dissolvable warp
yarn.
16. The article of apparel according to claim 15, wherein: the
plurality of weft yarns includes an inert yarn and a dissolvable
weft yarn; the dissolving agent further dissolves the dissolvable
weft yarn.
17. The article of apparel according to claim 16, wherein: the
dissolvable warp yarn comprises modified polyester; and the
dissolving agent comprises sodium hydroxide.
18. The article of apparel according to claim 17, wherein the inert
yarn is not dissolved by the dissolving agent.
19. The article of apparel according to claim 15, wherein the
article of apparel weighs less than the same or similar article of
apparel including apertures formed mechanically.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application claims priority to provisional
application No. 61/934,962, entitled "Woven Garment Including
Engineered Apertures" and filed on 3 Feb. 2014. The disclosure of
the above application is hereby incorporated by reference in its
entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention is directed toward apparel and, in
particular, to an article of apparel that incorporates a textile
including apertures providing air permeability and breathability to
the article of apparel.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Textiles are manufactured from fibers, filaments, or yarns.
Textiles are produced through various production methods, including
nonwoven processes, knitting processes, and weaving processes.
Nonwoven textiles are webs of fibers connected via bonding, fusing,
or interlocking Knit textiles include consecutive rows of loops,
called stitches. As each row progresses, a new loop is pulled
through an existing loop. Woven textiles include a set of
lengthwise threads (called the warp) interlaced with a set of
crossing threads (called the weft). Knitted textiles are loose,
including spaces between the loops that permit air to pass
therethrough. Accordingly, the knitting process forms a highly
breathable fabric. In contrast, woven textiles, while strong and
durable, are dense and tight. Consequently, woven textiles possess
poor breathability. Thus, it would be desirable to form a woven
garment having improved breathability of the garment.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] The present invention is directed toward an article of
apparel formed from a textile including a plurality of engineered
apertures. In an embodiment, the textile is a woven fabric
including apertures formed by selectively removing warp and/or weft
yarns from the textile structure. By way of example, the yarns may
be dissolved with a dissolving agent. The apertures are aligned
along the channel left by the removed yarn. Accordingly, the
plurality of apertures is oriented along the warp direction and/or
weft direction of the textile structure. The textile is
incorporated into and/or forms an article of apparel such as pants,
shirts, suits, outerwear, footwear, sports jerseys, etc. The
resulting article of apparel possesses high breathability and/or
air permability, increasing the comfort of the wearer.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
[0005] FIG. 1A illustrates a schematic of a woven textile in
accordance with the invention.
[0006] FIG. 1B illustrates a cross sectional view of the textile of
FIG. 1A, taken along line 1B.
[0007] FIG. 1C illustrates the textile of FIG. 1A, showing
dissolvable yarns within the structure.
[0008] FIG. 1D illustrates the textile of FIG. 1C, showing
dissolved yarns and apertures in the textile.
[0009] FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic of the textile in accordance
with the invention, showing removal of a yarn from the structure
and the formation of an aperture.
[0010] FIG. 3A illustrates a suit jacket in accordance with the
invention.
[0011] FIG. 3B is a close-up view of the suit jacket of FIG. 3A,
showing the jacket lining.
[0012] FIG. 4A is an isolated, close-up view of the suit jacket
exterior, showing the engineered apertures oriented along the warp
and weft directions of the textile.
[0013] FIG. 4B is a close-up view of the jacket shown in FIG. 4A
taken from box labeled 4B.
[0014] FIG. 5A is a close-up view of the suit jacket lining,
showing the engineered apertures.
[0015] FIG. 5B is a close-up view of the lining textile of FIG. 5A,
taken from box 5B.
[0016] FIG. 5C illustrates an isolated view of the lining textile
showing the engineered apertures.
[0017] Like reference numerals have been used to identify like
elements throughout this disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0018] An article of apparel in accordance with the present
invention is formed from a textile structure including yarn. Yarn,
which possesses a substantial length and small cross-section, is
formed from filaments or fibers. Filaments, which have an
indefinite length, are generally formed from synthetic polymers
such as rayon, nylon, and polyester. Typically, filaments are
combined with other filaments to produce yarn. Accordingly, yarn
may be formed from filaments of the same material, or may be formed
from filaments of different materials. Fibers have a relatively
short length and require spinning or twisting processes to produce
a yarn of suitable length. Common examples of fibers are cotton and
wool. As with filaments, yarns may be formed from fibers of the
same or different materials.
[0019] Several types of yarn may be utilized. Spun yarn includes a
number of fibers twisted together. Zero-twist yarn includes a
number of filaments laid together without twist. Twist yarn
includes a number of filaments laid together with a degree of
twist. A monofilament yarn includes a single filament with or
without twist.
[0020] The textile structure, moreover, may be a woven fabric. In
weaving, two or more yarns are interlaced so that the yarns they
cross each other at right angles to produce woven fabric. The warp
yarns (ends) run lengthwise (longitudinally) in the fabric, while
the weft yarns (filling threads or picks) run from side to side
(transversely). The set of lengthwise threads (called the warp) are
interlaced with a set of crossing threads (called the weft) via a
loom. Several types of weaving patterns may be utilized to form the
textile structure. In plain weaving, the warp and weft are aligned
so they form a simple crisscross pattern. Specifically, each weft
thread crosses the warp threads, with a first warp thread
alternately going over one warp thread and under the adjacent warp
thread. The adjacent weft thread inverts this process, with the
weft thread crossing under the warp thread the previous thread
crossed over.
[0021] A basket weave, similar to the plain weave, includes two or
more warp and filling threads woven side by side to resemble a
plaited basket. In a satin weave, the face of the fabric consists
almost completely of warp or filling floats produced in the repeat
of the weave. A twill weave is characterized by diagonal lines
produced by a series of floats staggered in the warp direction. A
double weave includes two systems of warp or filling threads
combined such that only one is visible on either side. A leno weave
includes warp yarns arranged in pairs, with one warp yarn twisted
around another warp yarn between picks of filling yarn. A pile
weave includes an additional set of yarns, either warp or filling,
that floats on the surface. The surface yarns are cut to form a
pile.
[0022] Woven textiles, while strong and durable, are dense and
tight. Consequently, woven textiles have poor breathability
and/poor air permeability. Breathability is the ability of a fabric
to allow moisture vapor to pass through it. Air permeability, in
contrast, relates to the porosity or the ease with which air passes
through the textile. Both air permeability and breathability
influence the comfort, warmth, or coolness of a fabric.
[0023] In accordance with the invention, the textile structure
includes a plurality of engineered apertures that improve the air
permeability and/or the breathability of the textile. An engineered
aperture (also called a dissolution void) within the context of the
invention is an opening in the woven textile structure created by
removal of one or more weft yarns and/or one or more warp yarns
from the structure. In particular, an engineered aperture is an
opening formed by removing intersecting weft and warp yarns. For
example, the yarns may be removed in a non-mechanical manner. In an
embodiment, the yarns are removed chemically, e.g., via dissolution
(explained in greater detail below). The apertures pass completely
through the textile structure to permit fluid (air and/or water
vapor) to pass therethrough.
[0024] An engineered aperture is not a discrete opening in the
fabric formed mechanically, e.g., by means such as punching or
cutting. An engineered aperture, moreover, is not an opening
existing as a result of the textile formation (e.g., a weaving or
knitting process) such as a mesh fabric. Furthermore, an engineered
aperture is not an opening formed by changing a physical parameter
of the yarns, e.g., by changing yarn dimensions (e.g., via water
absorption). Finally, an engineered aperture is not an opening
formed by etching with a mask. In etching, caustic chemical action
removes a discrete area of the fabric to form the opening. The
etchant merely breaks the weft or warp yarn--the weft or warp yarn
is not completely removed.
[0025] The textile structure utilized to form the article of
apparel includes a removable yarn and a non-removable yarn.
Specifically, the textile structure is a woven fabric including a
dissolvable yarn and an inert or non-dissolvable yarn. The
dissolvable yarn is formed of a natural or synthetic polymer
configured or selected to dissolve in dissolving agent. In an
embodiment, the dissolvable yarn may be a water soluble yarn such
as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Accordingly, the dissolving agent may
be water (e.g., water elevated to a predetermined temperature). In
another embodiment, the dissolving agent is aluminum sulfate or
acid sodium sulfate, and the dissolvable yarn is formed of
cellulose fibers (e.g., rayon, lyocell, and cotton) or a polyamide
fiber (e.g., 6,6-nylon). In another embodiment, the dissolvable
yarn is modified polyester and the dissolving agent is sodium
hydroxide.
[0026] The inert yarn is formed of a material (e.g., a natural or
synthetic polymer) that does not dissolve in the dissolving agent
capable of dissolving the dissolvable yarn. By way of example, the
inert yarn is includes polyurethane or polyester (e.g., unmodified
polyester).
[0027] The manner of forming the article of apparel is explained
with reference to the figures. Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the
textile structure 200 is formed via weaving; accordingly, it
includes a plurality of weft yarns 205 interwoven with a plurality
of warp yarns 210 such that the warp and weft yarns cross at
substantially right angles to each other. As seen best in FIG. 1C,
the plurality of weft yarns 205 includes dissolvable yarns 215A and
inert yarns 215B. Similarly, the plurality of warp yarns 210
includes both dissolvable yarns 220A and inert yarns 220B.
[0028] After the formation of the textile 200, the dissolvable
yarns 215A, 220A and inert yarns 215B, 220B are exposed to a
dissolving agent. The dissolving agent may be applied via any
process suitable for its described purpose (i.e., to apply the
agent such that it contacts the entire textile). In an embodiment,
the dissolving agent is sprayed onto the textile structure 200. In
another embodiment, the textile structure 200 is drawn though a
bath containing the dissolving agent. That is, both the dissolvable
yarns 215A, 215B and the inert yarns 215B, 220B come into contact
with the dissolving agent. While the inert yarns 215B, 220B remain
intact, the dissolvable yarns 215A, 220A dissolve in the dissolving
agent (i.e., the yarns fall into solution with the solvent).
Consequently, as shown in FIG. 1D, selected yarns (i.e., the
dissolvable yarns 215A, 220A) are removed from the textile
structure 200, leaving an elongated weft channel or gap 225 and an
elongated warp channel or gap 230 where the yarns 215A, 220A
existed. Along these gaps 225, 230 are the engineered
apertures.
[0029] In an embodiment, two types of engineered apertures are
formed, namely, a first or small engineered aperture 235 possessing
a first, size or diameter and a second or large engineered aperture
240 possessing a second size or diameter, the second diameter being
greater than the first diameter. In general, the small engineered
apertures 235 exist along those areas where only the weft yarn 205
or warp yarn 210 is removed. The large engineered aperture 240
exists at the intersection of removed weft 205 and warp 210 yarns.
That is, the areas of the textile structure 200 where both the warp
205 and weft 210 yarns are removed define the large engineered
apertures 240. As shown below, the shape of the engineered
apertures (and, in particular, the large apertures 240) may be
polygonal (e.g., square or rectangular).
[0030] While FIG. 1D illustrates a textile with both weft 205 and
warp 210 yarns are removed, it should be understood that selected
yarns from one set of yarns--either the weft yarns or the warp
yarns--may be removed. This is illustrated in FIG. 2 (dissolved
weft yarn 220A shown in phantom). It should further be understood
that dissolvable 215A, 220A and inert 215B, 220B yarns may be
positioned within the textile structure 200 in any manner suitable
for its described purpose. For example, the dissolvable and inert
yarns may alternate along the longitudinal or transverse dimensions
of the textile structure 200. In another embodiment, multiple
dissolvable yarns are positioned in succession, with a plurality of
dissolvable yarns being adjacent each other. Each plurality of
dissolvable yarns may be separated by a plurality of inert
yarns.
[0031] In this manner, the textile structure 200--and thus the
resulting article of apparel--includes a plurality of engineered
apertures 235, 240 aligned along the textile's weft direction
and/or warp direction. Specifically, a first set of engineered
apertures is oriented in the transverse fabric direction, being
aligned along the longitudinal axis of the elongated gap formed by
the dissolved weft yarn 205 (indicated by arrow W.sub.weft).
Similarly, a second set of engineered apertures is oriented in the
longitudinal fabric direction, being generally aligned along the
longitudinal axis of the elongated gap formed by the dissolved warp
yarn 210 (indicated by arrow W.sub.warp).
[0032] The resulting textile, then, may include alternating small
apertures 235 and large diameter apertures 240 along the warp axis
W.sub.warp or weft axis W.sub.weft. By way of example, a large
aperture 240 may be separated from an adjacent large aperture 240
by a plurality of small apertures 235. In an embodiment, the small
apertures possess a diameter that is 100 .mu.m or less, while the
large apertures possess a diameter greater than 100 .mu.m (e.g.,
200 to 5,000 .mu.m).
[0033] The article of apparel formed utilizing the above textile
200 is not only durable, but also possesses a high degree of air
permeability and/or breathability. In contrast, if mechanical means
were utilized to perforate the fabric, the yarns would unravel,
creating a run in the textile (and thus the article of apparel).
Circular knit fabrics, moreover, are prone to runs when the fabric
is mechanically perforated. That is, should the fabric be
perforated at a point, stitches proximate the point will unravel,
creating a run/tear in the fabric and/or causing the yarns to fray.
The engineered apertures of the invention, however, do not weaken
the interwoven connection of the yarns. Accordingly, the resulting
article of apparel remains strong, and is not subject to
fraying/running Thus, forming the textile 200 so as to have
engineered apertures results in fabric having increased durability
and strength.
[0034] The resulting process further results in textile 200 that is
lighter than a similar garment that does not contain engineered
apertures, i.e., a garment lacking apertures or a garment that is
mechanically perforated. As noted above, the process completely
removes weft yarns 205 and/or warp yarns 210 from the textile 200.
Accordingly, the overall weight of the textile (and the resulting
article of apparel) is reduced. This is in contrast to etching, in
which an etchant is selectively placed at desired locations to
remove a portion of a weft or warp yarn. The resulting textile
remains heavy since a substantial portion of the weft and/or warp
yarn remains (i.e., etching only breaks the connection along the
yarn). Similarly, perforating the textile 200 via mechanical means
such as punching merely breaks the connection along the yarn 205,
210. Since the yarn is still present in the textile, it adds to its
weight. This disadvantage is avoided with the textile 200 of the
present invention.
[0035] An article of apparel including the textile with engineered
apertures 235, 240 is illustrated in FIGS. 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 5A, 5B,
and 5C. Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the suit jacket 105 includes
an exterior shell 405 and an interior lining 410. As shown in FIGS.
4A and 4B, the shell 405 is formed of woven textile including
dissolved weft sections 225 and dissolved warp sections 230 as
described above. Where only one directional yarn (warp or weft) is
dissolved, areas of small apertures 235 result (i.e., a plurality
of small apertures is formed). Where both directional yarns 235,
240 are dissolved, i.e., at the intersection point of weft and
warp, a large aperture 240 is formed. Accordingly, as seen in the
figures, a dissolved weft channel 225 includes aligned apertures
235, 240 oriented in the weft direction. Similarly, the dissolved
warp channel 230 includes aligned apertures 235, 240 oriented in
the warp direction. As shown, the apertures 235, 240 may be
configured to alternate in the warp or weft direction, with runs of
a plurality of small diameter apertures 235 being interrupted
periodically by a large diameter aperture 240.
[0036] Similarly, the lining 410 is formed from textile including
dissolved weft sections 225 and dissolved warp sections 230 as
described above. Where only one directional yarn (warp or weft) is
dissolved, areas of small apertures 235 result (i.e., a plurality
of small apertures is formed). Where both directional yarns are
dissolved, i.e., at the intersection point of weft and warp yarns
that were dissolved, a large aperture 240 is formed. Accordingly,
as seen in the figures, a dissolved weft channel 225 includes
aligned apertures 235, 240 oriented in the weft direction.
Similarly, the dissolved warp channel 230 includes aligned
apertures 235, 240 oriented in the warp direction. As shown, the
apertures 235, 240 may be configured to alternate in the warp or
weft direction, with a collection of small diameter apertures 235
being separated by large diameter apertures 240.
[0037] The article of apparel may be a multilayer garment including
a first layer including engineered apertures coupled (e.g.,
connected via stitching) a second layer including engineered
apertures. The apertures of the first layer may align with the
apertures of the second layer. Alternatively, the apertures of the
first layer may be offset with respect to the apertures of the
second layer. A cavity may exist between the first that second
layers. The cavity may permit fluid flow around the fabric. In
another embodiment, the cavity may be filled with insulation.
[0038] The resulting textile including engineered apertures
provides a woven textile with improved air permeability and/or
breathability. The weight of the resulting article of apparel,
furthermore, is less than the same article of apparel without the
engineered apertures or with apertures formed mechanically (laser
perforation, punching, etc.)
[0039] While the invention has been described in detail and with
reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to
one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can
be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope
thereof. In other embodiments, the dissolving agent may be placed
onto selected yarns to initiate dissolution of those yarns while
leaving the others intact. For example, various printing processes
may be used to selectively deposit the dissolving agent onto the
textile yarns. Additionally, processes such as chemical vapor
deposition may be utilized. Accordingly, only the yarns to be
dissolved would be contacted by the dissolving agent. With this
configuration, the entire textile may be formed of dissolvable
yarns, with the yarns selectively dissolved by selective placement
of the dissolving agent. The yarns may possess any dimensions
(diameter/shape) suitable for its descried purpose. In an
embodiment, the dernier of each of the warp and weft yarns are the
same. Alternatively, the dernier of the warp yarn may be greater
than the dernier of the weft yarn, or vice versa. By way of example
the weft yarn may possess a larger dernier than the warp yarn.
[0040] The engineered apertures are not formed via mechanical
processes such as laser cutting, punching, etc. The engineered
apertures are further not formed of an etching process involving an
aperture mask.
[0041] The aperture dimensions (diameter and shape) may be any
diameter suitable for its described purpose. The aperture
dimensions may be selected by selecting yarns of a desired denier
(the larger the denier, the larger the aperture). The aperture
dimensions may be selected to impart air permeability or
breathability, while being waterproof (e.g., apertures having a
diameter of less than 100 .mu.m), based on the fact that water
droplets generally possess a diameter of 100 .mu.m or more. In an
embodiment, the apertures range in size from 0.0004 .mu.m to 1000
.mu.m. In another embodiment, the apertures range in size from 1 mm
to 5 mm.
[0042] The ratio of the diameter of the small aperture to the large
aperture may be 1:2. In other embodiments, the ratio of the
diameter of the small aperture to the large aperture is
approximately 1:1.5 to 1:5.
[0043] The density of engineered apertures within the textile
structure may be selected to provide the desired amount of air
permeability and/or breathability. In and embodiment, the textile
includes approximately 10 engineered apertures per square
centimeter of textile surface.
[0044] The article of apparel includes garments such as headwear,
outerwear (coats, jackets, and gloves), pants, shorts, shirts,
socks, footwear, etc. In an embodiment, the article of apparel is a
suit including a jacket and pants. The suit jacket includes a torso
portion, a first arm portion, and a second arm portion. The pants
include a waist portion, a first leg portion, and a second leg
potion. The entire article of apparel may include the engineered
apertures. For example, each pant leg of the pants, as well as the
torso and arm portions may include the engineered apertures.
[0045] Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers the
modifications and variations of this invention provided they come
within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. It
is to be understood that terms such as "top," "bottom," "front,"
"rear," "side," "height," "length," "width," "upper," "lower,"
"interior," "exterior," "medial," "lateral," and the like as may be
used herein, merely describe points of reference and do not limit
the present invention to any particular orientation or
configuration.
* * * * *