U.S. patent application number 14/579426 was filed with the patent office on 2015-06-25 for blade comprising a support, provided with a portion with a depression.
This patent application is currently assigned to SNECMA. The applicant listed for this patent is SNECMA. Invention is credited to Damien MERLOT, Marco NUCCI, Jacky RODRIGUEZ.
Application Number | 20150176415 14/579426 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 50290035 |
Filed Date | 2015-06-25 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150176415 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
NUCCI; Marco ; et
al. |
June 25, 2015 |
BLADE COMPRISING A SUPPORT, PROVIDED WITH A PORTION WITH A
DEPRESSION
Abstract
The support (6) of this blade comprises one side (7) and the
other (18) provided with a depression (10). By concentrating this
depression on a single side, a support (6) that is more rigid and
resistant with an equal lightening is obtained, with the stress
concentrations depending on the depth of the depression but being
absent from the flat side (7). The vibrations and bending
deformations are also reduced. Application to blades of a
turbomachine, in particular compressors.
Inventors: |
NUCCI; Marco; (Paris,
FR) ; MERLOT; Damien; (Vaux Le Penil, FR) ;
RODRIGUEZ; Jacky; (Bezons, FR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
SNECMA |
Paris |
|
FR |
|
|
Assignee: |
SNECMA
Paris
FR
|
Family ID: |
50290035 |
Appl. No.: |
14/579426 |
Filed: |
December 22, 2014 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
416/204A |
Current CPC
Class: |
F01D 5/3007 20130101;
F05D 2260/96 20130101; F01D 5/16 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F01D 5/30 20060101
F01D005/30; F01D 5/14 20060101 F01D005/14 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 23, 2013 |
FR |
13 63374 |
Claims
1. Blade, in particular of a compressor, comprising a vane (1) and
a foot (2), with the foot comprising successively, by moving away
from the vane, a platform (4) joined to a support (6) and a bulb
(5), with the support (6) comprising two main faces (7, 8)
respectively directed in an intrados and an extrados side of the
blade and parallel, characterised in that one of the main faces (7)
is substantially plane or curvilinear, while the other of the main
faces is provided with a portion with a depression (20) extending
over a depth of at least 25% of a thickness of the support between
the main faces.
2. Blade according to claim 1, characterised in that the portion
with a depression extends over at least 35% of the thickness of the
support.
3. Blade according to claim 1, characterised in that the portion
with a depression has a bottom (12) that is substantially flat or
curvilinear surrounded by a curved edge (14) that connects to the
bottom without forming an angle.
4. Blade according to claim 2, characterised in that the portion
with a depression has a bottom (12) that is substantially flat or
curvilinear surrounded by a curved edge (14) that connects to the
bottom without forming an angle.
5. Blade according to claim 1, characterised in that the portion
with a depression is limited by rectilinear sides joined by
curvilinear connectors.
Description
[0001] This invention relates to a blade comprising a support
provided with a portion with a depression on a single side.
[0002] This blade, which can be a turbomachine compressor blade,
comprises an outside vane subjected to aerodynamic forces, and a
foot retained in a rotating disc; the foot comprises a platform
flush with the surface of the disc and from which the vane rises, a
bulb retaining the blade against the centrifugal forces and
retained in an enlargement of a groove of the disc, and a support
joining the bulb to the platform, and housed in a main portion of
the groove.
[0003] Portions with a depression have sometimes been dug into the
main or lateral faces of the support so as to lighten the blade.
Disadvantages, such as local increases in the static stresses and
an alteration in the frequency of the bending modes, have however
been observed with respect to blades of which the supports are
devoid of a depression.
[0004] In French patent application 12 60527, it was undertaken to
reduce these disadvantages and to bring the behaviour of the blade
provided with portions with a depression closer to that of a blade
with perfectly flat supports, by choosing dissymmetric portions
with a depression, in particular with regards to the depth. This
application clearly specifies that the portions with a depression
are established on the two main sides of the support.
[0005] Document U.S. Pat. No. 5,435,694 A describes a blade wherein
the support is joined to the platform or to the bulb by fillets,
which are mouldings with a slightly concave section, in order to
reduce the stress that the blade in service is subjected to.
Portions slightly with a depression are added in order to reinforce
this effect, by decreasing the concentrations of stress around the
fillets. These portions with a depression are defined by two
successive radii of curvature and are superficial. It seems that
they are provided on the two sides of the support. It is not sought
to lighten the blade by means of these portions with a depression
or by fillets.
[0006] GB 2 162 588 A describes a blade support provided with a
recess that opens onto one of the end faces of the support in order
to lighten it. This design is suitable for relatively thick
supports. The structure of the support remains symmetrical in the
angular direction on either side of a median plane extending in the
length of the support.
[0007] The invention relates to a lightened blade, designed to
minimise the degradations in aeromechanical performance, in
particular concerning the concentrations of stress and the
frequency of the bending modes.
[0008] According to the invention, one of the main faces of the
support is substantially plane or curvilinear--in any case with a
regular surface without relief--while the other of the main faces
is provided with a portion with a depression, extending over a
depth of at least 25%, and advantageously by at least 35%, of a
thickness of the support, between the main faces. It is specified
that the main faces of the support--which extends roughly in the
axial direction of the disc and of the turbomachine to which the
blade belongs--are the lateral faces with the largest surface area,
roughly perpendicular to the angular direction of the disc and of
the machine, giving onto the intrados and extrados sides of the
blade, and extending in the direction of insertion of the foot of
the blade into the cutout of the disc.
[0009] The degradation in the performance obtained on the blade is
then clearly less substantial than with portions with a depression
distributed symmetrically on the two sides of the support, or even
than with the portions with a depression opposite and moderately
dissymmetric considered in application FR 12 60527. And GB 2 162
588 does not suggest that a section of dissymmetric support in the
angular direction would improve the rigidity of the support in this
direction wherein the bending of the blade is exerted.
[0010] Indeed, flatness maintained on one of the main faces
increases the rigidity of the blade with regards to the
deformations in bending and prevents the introduction of
concentrations of stress on one side: it can therefore be
considered to arrange the depression on the side where the
concentrations of stress are the least feared, i.e. the side that
is the least loaded in the critical situations to be considered,
such as the loss of a blade, in order to obtain a globally
satisfactory distribution over the blade by not weakening the other
side.
[0011] According to other optional improvements, the portion with a
depression has a bottom that is substantially flat or curvilinear
(parallel to the main face, and therefore at a uniform depth),
surrounded by a curved edge, connecting to the bottom without
forming an angle, in order to obtain a good lightening without
favouring concentrations of stress at the edge of the portion;
where it is limited by rectilinear sides joined by curvilinear
connectors.
[0012] The invention shall now be described in liaison with the
following figures:
[0013] FIG. 1 is a general view of the blade in the angular
direction; and
[0014] FIG. 2 is a view of the foot of the blade in the axial
direction.
[0015] FIG. 1 shows a blade in accordance with the invention,
provided with a vane 1 to the exterior and with a foot 2 engaged in
the rotating disc 3, with the foot 2 comprising a platform 4 joined
to the vane 1, a bulb 5 opposite the platform 4, and a support 6,
joining the two latter items. As the platform 4 is conical, the
support 6 is trapezoidal.
[0016] The support 6 comprises two main faces 7 and 8 opposite,
shown in FIG. 2, giving onto the intrados and extrados sides of the
blade and extending roughly in the direction of the axis of
rotation of the disc 3. The main face 7 is flat (smooth, linearly
or curvilinearly flat), but the main face 8 is provided with a
portion with a depression 10, taking a flat bottom 12 and an edge
14 connecting the bottom 12 to the main face 8. The bordure 14 is
connected to the bottom 12 without forming any sharp edge, but with
a progressive rounding. The portion with a depression 10 is of
trapezoidal shape, as shown in FIG. 1, with a first longitudinal
side 15, close to the bulb 5 and parallel to its junction with the
support 6, a second longitudinal side 16 close to the platform 4
and parallel to the connection between it and the support 6, and
two other sides 17 and 18, connecting the latter together and
curvilinear at least at the ends.
[0017] The portion with a depression 10 can be present according to
case on the intrados or the extrados side of the blade.
[0018] By making use of a depression on a single side of the
support 6, the gain in mass is provided while still minimising the
effect on the aerodynamic and mechanical behaviour of the blade:
the static stress, the position of the first bending mode and the
response of the first bending mode under substantial stress, are
improved with respect to a blade comprising, for the same
lightening, portions with a depression on the two sides.
[0019] In relation to such a blade comprising two portions with a
depression, it has been observed, in a design in accordance with
the invention, wherein the thickness of the support 6 (distance
between the two main faces 7 and 8) was 15.4 mm and the portion
with a depression had a depth of 5.4 mm, a static stress at the
output of the blade, on its contact surfaces with the disc 3,
reduced by 5% in the most loaded zone with respect to a blade
having depressions on the two sides and a similar lightening; and
for a first bending mode, the deformations measured in the support
6 were reduced by 30% following substantial stress such as floating
(instability due to the interaction of the fluid with the structure
of the vanes 1 which has for effect to amplify the vibration of the
blades), ingestions of foreign bodies or the loss of a vane 1.
[0020] It is therefore possible to hope for a better resistance, or
a longer resistance in the case of fatigue, of the foot 2, and
better resistance of the vanes 1 with regards to vibrations. It is
to be added that the frequency of the bending mode is not modified
by the concentration of the lightening of a single side, in such a
way that the invention does not require having to again optimise
the blade with regards to these frequencies, once the optimisation
has been carried out for blades with supports recessed on the two
sides.
[0021] The same considerations apply to blade supports of which the
main faces would be curvilinear instead of being flat: the portion
with a depression would again be located on only one of its main
faces and would be dimensioned in the same way.
* * * * *