U.S. patent application number 14/538294 was filed with the patent office on 2015-05-21 for gas turbine combustor with tile having access hole for spark plug.
The applicant listed for this patent is Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co. KG. Invention is credited to Miklos Gerendas.
Application Number | 20150135719 14/538294 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 51868060 |
Filed Date | 2015-05-21 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150135719 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Gerendas; Miklos |
May 21, 2015 |
GAS TURBINE COMBUSTOR WITH TILE HAVING ACCESS HOLE FOR SPARK
PLUG
Abstract
The present invention relates to a gas-turbine combustion
chamber with a combustion chamber wall, on which tiles are
arranged, and with a recess for passing through an igniter plug,
said recess extending through the combustion chamber wall and a
tile, with the tile being provided with a tubular projection
surrounding the recess and extending from that side of the tile
facing away from a combustion chamber interior.
Inventors: |
Gerendas; Miklos; (Am
Mellensee, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co. KG |
Blankenfelde-Mahlow |
|
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
51868060 |
Appl. No.: |
14/538294 |
Filed: |
November 11, 2014 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
60/752 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F23R 2900/03044
20130101; F23R 3/002 20130101; F23R 2900/03041 20130101; F23R 3/02
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
60/752 |
International
Class: |
F23R 3/00 20060101
F23R003/00; F23R 3/02 20060101 F23R003/02 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 11, 2013 |
DE |
10 2013 222 932.1 |
Claims
1. Gas-turbine combustion chamber tile with a recess for passing
through an igniter plug, wherein the tile is provided with a
tubular projection surrounding the recess and extending from that
side of the tile facing away from a combustion chamber
interior.
2. Tile in accordance with claim 1, wherein the projection is
designed in one piece with the tile.
3. Tile in accordance with claim 1, wherein the projection is
provided at its free end area with an igniter plug seal.
4. Tile in accordance with one of the claims 1, wherein the
projection is provided with an annular contact surface on its outer
circumference.
5. Tile in accordance with claim 1, wherein the projection is
provided with at least one cooling air recess extending through the
wall of the projection.
6. Tile in accordance with claim 1, wherein the tile with the
projection is provided as a casting.
7. Tile in accordance with claim 1, wherein the tile with the
projection is manufactured by means of a laser deposition welding
method.
8. Gas-turbine combustion chamber with a combustion chamber wall,
on which tiles are arranged, and with a recess for passing through
an igniter plug, said recess extending through the combustion
chamber wall and a tile, wherein the tile is designed in accordance
with claim 1.
Description
[0001] This invention relates to a gas-turbine combustion chamber
and, in particular, to a gas-turbine combustion chamber tile
designed for passing through an igniter plug. The combustion
chambers of gas turbines, in particular of aircraft gas turbines,
usually have a combustion chamber wall forming a supporting
structure for tiles. The tiles are arranged on the inside of the
combustion chamber wall in order to shield the latter from the hot
gas and to thermally insulate the supporting structure. A space,
through which cooling air is passed, is usually provided between
the tiles and the supporting structure.
[0002] Tiled combustion chambers of this type are known for example
from EP 0 576 435 A1, EP 0 741 268 A1 or EP 1 710 501 A2. Using the
described tiles, which are cooled by means of impingement cooling
and provided with effusion cooling holes, protects the supporting
and sealing structure of the combustion chamber wall from the
intensive heat radiation of the flame. The supporting and sealing
structure thus remains at a lower temperature and retains its
mechanical strength.
[0003] For ignition of combustion chambers, it is necessary to pass
at least one igniter plug through the combustion chamber wall or
supporting structure and through the tile in order to reach the
combustion space of the combustion chamber. Since the igniter plug
is fastened at one place in the casing of the gas turbine while the
combustion chamber is mounted at another place of the casing,
relative movements ensue. Furthermore, it is necessary to
compensate for component tolerances by the movability of the
igniter plug inside the combustion chamber, without any load being
transferred to the igniter plug. Additionally, the combustion
chamber heats up more quickly and to higher temperatures during
operation, so that differing thermal expansions have to be
compensated for. In the area of the igniter plug hole, component
tolerances and thermal expansions are compensated for by enlarging
the igniter plug hole in the combustion chamber, so that the
igniter plug hole has a greater diameter than the igniter plug.
This results in a gap which must be closed by a seal.
[0004] A tiled combustion chamber is already known from U.S. Pat.
No. 7,093,441 B2 which has a so-called igniter plug tower, through
which the igniter plug can be passed in a sealed manner. An
additional igniter plug tower of this type results in additional
weight. Furthermore, additional costs for its manufacture must be
calculated. Moreover, the igniter plug tower imposes a minimum
distance between the combustion chamber wall and the casing of the
gas turbine. This results, in particular in the case of smaller
engines, in a larger diameter of the pressure casing being needed,
so that the costs and the weight increase considerably.
[0005] The object underlying the present invention is to provide a
gas-turbine combustion chamber with a tile for passing through an
igniter plug as well as a gas-turbine combustion chamber tile,
which, while being simply designed and easily and cost effectively
producible, avoid the disadvantages of the state of the art and
enable a dependable and simple arrangement of an igniter plug.
[0006] It is a particular object of the present invention to
provide solution to the above problematics by the combination of
the features of the independent Claims. Further advantageous
embodiments of the present invention become apparent from the
sub-claims.
[0007] The invention thus provides for the tile to be designed with
a recess for passing through an igniter plug, with a tubular and
collar-like projection being provided at the tile, enclosing the
recess for passing through the igniter plug and extending from that
side of the tile facing away from the combustion chamber interior.
The tubular projection is thus dimensioned in accordance with the
invention such that it extends from the tile through the combustion
chamber wall (supporting structure) to the cold side of the
combustion chamber wall. The tubular projection is in particular
designed and dimensioned here such that it is passed with a tight
fit through the recess provided in the combustion chamber wall or
supporting structure.
[0008] In accordance with the invention, therefore, no separate
component is required, and instead the tile itself is designed in a
suitable way in order to provide the recess for passing through the
igniter plug in such a way that the igniter plug can be passed
through and held in a simple and operationally safe manner.
[0009] The tile provided in accordance with the invention is, as
mentioned, designed in one piece with the tubular projection. The
tile can here be produced as a casting or manufactured by means of
a laser deposition welding method (DLD).
[0010] In a particularly favourable development of the invention,
it is provided that the tubular projection has an igniter plug seal
at its free end area, which projects through the combustion chamber
wall beyond the cold side of the combustion chamber wall. The seal
can in particular be designed here such that it does not contact
the combustion chamber wall (supporting structure), in order not to
create any heat transfer in this area.
[0011] In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is
provided that the tubular projection or collar has an annular
contact surface or a stage for positioning the annular projection
against the hot side of the combustion chamber wall (supporting
structure). On the one hand, this results in sealing of the cooling
air space between the combustion chamber wall and the tile, and on
the other hand provides additional support and mounting of the
tile.
[0012] In a particularly advantageous development of the invention
it is provided that the tubular projection has at least one cooling
air recess through which cooling air can be supplied to the inner
wall of the tubular projection and hence to the igniter plug in
order to cool the latter.
[0013] The solution in accordance with the invention thus has the
advantage that secure mounting and arrangement of the igniter plug
is possible without an igniter plug tower. Since the tile is made
of a more wear-resistant material than the combustion chamber wall,
an operationally safe mounting and positioning of the igniter plug
is assured. Furthermore, the igniter plug hole (recess of the
tubular projection) can, in accordance with the invention, be
provided particularly precisely in a later production step in order
to further reduce component tolerances by positioning it relative
to the mounting of the combustion chamber. To facilitate assembly,
the above mentioned igniter plug seal can be additionally fastened
to the holder of the igniter plug.
[0014] The present invention is described in the following in light
of the accompanying drawing, showing exemplary embodiments. In the
drawing,
[0015] FIG. 1 shows a simplified sectional view of a combustion
chamber in accordance with the state of the art,
[0016] FIG. 2 shows a detail sectional view of a combustion chamber
tile with tubular projection in accordance with the present
invention, and
[0017] FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment in analogous
representation of FIG. 2.
[0018] FIG. 1 shows in a schematic sectional view a gas-turbine
combustion chamber 1 as known from the state of the art. The
combustion chamber 1 has a heat shield 2, a combustion chamber head
3 and a burner seal 4. Several tiles 7 are fastened to a
cooling-air side combustion chamber wall 6 at a distance from said
combustion chamber wall 6.
[0019] Furthermore, the combustion chamber wall 6 and the tiles 7
have admixing holes 5 for supplying air. The tiles 7 are fastened
using bolts 13 and nuts 14, while the combustion chamber wall 6 is
mounted by means of a combustion chamber suspension 11 and a
combustion chamber flange 12.
[0020] Illustration of an igniter plug was dispensed with in FIG. 1
for the sake of clarity. In this respect reference is made to U.S.
Pat. No. 7,093,441 B2.
[0021] FIG. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an inventive
design of a combustion chamber tile 7. As known from the state of
the art, this tile is provided with effusion cooling holes 9 and is
cooled by, means of cooling air supplied via impingement cooling
holes 8 of the combustion chamber wall 6.
[0022] In accordance with the invention, the tile 7 is provided
with a tubular projection 15 extending in the direction of the
combustion chamber wall 6 and passed through a recess 23 of the
combustion chamber wall 6. The tubular projection 15 is designed in
one piece with the tile 7, for example by means of a casting
process.
[0023] To ensure a defined distance of the tile 7 from the
combustion chamber wall 6 and to position the tile 7 on the
combustion chamber wall 6, the tubular projection 15 has a
connecting web 10 forming an annular contact surface 20, against
which rests the combustion chamber wall 6. The annular projection
15 is provided with a centric recess 18 forming a through-hole for
an igniter plug.
[0024] FIG. 2 furthermore shows an igniter plug seal 16, which is
arranged at a distance from the combustion chamber wall 6, since
the tubular projection 15 extends through the combustion chamber
wall 6.
[0025] The tubular projection 15 is furthermore provided with
several cooling air recesses 17 through which cooling air can be
introduced into the recess 18 in order to cool the igniter
plug.
[0026] FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment in an analogous
representation, with identical parts being provided with the same
reference numerals. Repetition of the description can therefore be
dispensed with. In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3, the tile 7
is designed in one piece with an area of the combustion chamber
wall 6 and manufactured by means of a DLD method. The area of the
combustion chamber wall 6 provided at the tile 7 is connected by
suitable means to the remaining combustion chamber wall.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
[0027] 1 Combustion chamber
[0028] 2 Heat shield
[0029] 3 Combustion chamber head
[0030] 4 Burner seal
[0031] 5 Admixing hole
[0032] 6 Cooling-air side combustion chamber wall
[0033] 7 Tile
[0034] 8 Impingement cooling hole
[0035] 9 Effusion cooling hole
[0036] 10 Connecting web
[0037] 11 Combustion chamber suspension
[0038] 12 Combustion chamber flange
[0039] 13 Bolt
[0040] 14 Nut
[0041] 15 Tubular projection
[0042] 16 Igniter plug seal
[0043] 17 Cooling air recess
[0044] 18 Recess
[0045] 19 Combustion chamber interior
[0046] 20 Annular contact surface
[0047] 21 Combustion chamber center axis
[0048] 22 Center axis
[0049] 23 Recess
* * * * *