U.S. patent application number 14/533165 was filed with the patent office on 2015-05-14 for diesel hammer pile driver.
This patent application is currently assigned to DELMAG GMBH & CO. KG. The applicant listed for this patent is DELMAG GmbH & Co. KG. Invention is credited to Matthias HEICHEL, Leopold JERCH.
Application Number | 20150129271 14/533165 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 49582593 |
Filed Date | 2015-05-14 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150129271 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
JERCH; Leopold ; et
al. |
May 14, 2015 |
DIESEL HAMMER PILE DRIVER
Abstract
A diesel hammer pile driver has a cylinder, a piston
displaceably guided in the cylinder and a striker displaceably
guided in the cylinder. The striker is disposed underneath the
piston in the operating position of the diesel hammer pile driver.
A combustion chamber is delimited axially by a face surface of the
striker that lies in the interior of the cylinder and by a face
surface of the piston, and opens into a fuel feed device. Using the
fuel feed device a predetermined amount of fuel can be introduced
into the combustion chamber during each working cycle. At least two
working connectors are disposed to pass through the circumference
wall of the cylinder at the level of the fuel feed device, wherein
at least one working connector is provided with a muffler
device.
Inventors: |
JERCH; Leopold;
(Babenhausen, DE) ; HEICHEL; Matthias;
(Aschaffenburg, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
DELMAG GmbH & Co. KG |
Niedernberg |
|
DE |
|
|
Assignee: |
DELMAG GMBH & CO. KG
Niedernberg
DE
|
Family ID: |
49582593 |
Appl. No.: |
14/533165 |
Filed: |
November 5, 2014 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
173/135 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E02D 7/125 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
173/135 |
International
Class: |
E02D 7/12 20060101
E02D007/12 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 12, 2013 |
EP |
13192600.8 |
Claims
1. A diesel hammer pile driver comprising: (a) a cylinder having an
interior and a circumferential wall; (b) at least first and second
working connectors extending through the circumferential wall; (c)
a fuel feed device; (d) a piston displaceably guided in the
cylinder and having a piston face surface; (e) a striker
displaceably guided in the cylinder and disposed underneath the
piston in an operating position, said striker having a striker face
surface lying in the interior of the cylinder; (f) a combustion
chamber delimited axially by the striker face surface and by the
piston face surface and opening into the fuel feed device for
introduction of a predetermined amount of fuel into the combustion
chamber during each working cycle; and (g) a muffler device
provided on at least the first working connector.
2. The diesel hammer pile driver according to claim 1, wherein the
first and second working connectors are disposed on lower and upper
imaginary horizontal planes, vertically spaced apart from one
another, so that at least the first working connector is disposed
vertically offset relative to the second working connector, wherein
the first working connector provided with the muffler device is
disposed on the lower imaginary horizontal plane.
3. The diesel hammer pile driver according to claim 2, wherein the
second working connector is disposed on the upper imaginary
horizontal plane and does not have a muffler device.
4. The diesel hammer pile driver according to claim 2, wherein the
lower and upper imaginary horizontal planes are spaced apart from
one another by between 80 mm and 120 mm.
5. The diesel hammer pile driver according to claim 2, wherein the
lower and upper imaginary horizontal planes are spaced apart from
one another by between 95 mm and 115 mm.
6. The diesel hammer pile driver according to claim 1, wherein the
muffler device is formed by a mantled perforated pipe.
7. The diesel hammer pile driver according to claim 1, wherein the
muffler device is attached to the cylinder, by way of vibration
elements, so as to be elastically mounted.
8. The diesel hammer pile driver according to claim 7, wherein the
vibration elements comprise elastomer components or rubber
components.
9. The diesel hammer pile driver according to claim 1, further
comprising a strike hood for accommodating a material to be
pile-driven disposed below the striker, wherein the striker is
disposed, at least in certain regions, so as to surround a sound
absorption element.
10. A diesel hammer pile driver according to claim 9, wherein the
sound absorption element is formed from at least one perforated
sheet-metal cassette filled with an absorber material.
11. The diesel hammer pile driver according to claim 10, wherein
the absorber material is formed from mineral insulation wool,
melanin resin foam or another porous material.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] Applicant claims priority under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.119 of
European Application No. 13 192 600.8 filed Nov. 12, 2013, the
disclosure of which is incorporated by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The invention relates to a diesel hammer pile driver, having
a cylinder, a piston displaceably guided in the cylinder, and a
striker displaceably guided in the cylinder.
[0004] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0005] Diesel hammer pile drivers, also called diesel hammers or
diesel pile drivers, are particularly used in foundation work in
the construction industry. The diesel hammer pile drivers are used
for driving posts of all kinds, such as concrete pillars, iron
beams, sheet pile wall elements or the like into a construction
ground.
[0006] To start such a diesel hammer pile driver, the piston is
pulled upward within the cylinder, using a disengagement apparatus,
and disengaged at a specific height, thereby dropping downward onto
the striker, under the effect of gravity. As it drops, the piston
activates a fuel pump, by way of which feed of fuel, particularly
diesel oil, takes place. The air situated in the combustion chamber
of the cylinder is compressed by the dropping piston, and thereby
heated so that the fuel/air mixture present in the combustion
chamber is ignited, whereupon it combusts in the manner of an
explosion. As a result of the explosion energy released during this
process, for one thing the piston is accelerated back upward for a
new work cycle, whereby the expanding combustion gases flow out of
the working connectors and subsequently fresh air is drawn into the
combustion chamber by means of the piston, which continues to rise
upward. At the same time, the material being pile-driven is driven
into the ground by way of the striker.
[0007] Diesel hammer pile drivers of the aforementioned type, as it
is described in EP 1 828 488 B1, for example, have proven
themselves in practice because of their simple structure and their
resulting reliability. In operation, however, such diesel hammer
pile drivers are very loud and can cause a noise level of 100
decibels (A) and more.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The invention wishes to provide a remedy for this situation.
With the invention, a diesel hammer pile driver of the
aforementioned type is created, in which the noise emission is
reduced. According to the invention, this task is accomplished by
means of a diesel hammer pile driver having a cylinder, a piston
displaceably guided in the cylinder and a striker displaceably
guided in the cylinder. The striker is disposed underneath the
piston in the operating position of the diesel hammer pile driver,
and a combination chamber is provided. The combination chamber is
delimited axially by a face surface of the striker that lies in the
interior of the cylinder, and by a face surface of the piston, and
opens into a fuel feed device. By means of this device, a
predetermined amount of fuel can be introduced into the combustion
chamber during each working cycle. At least two working connectors
are disposed to pass through the circumference wall of the
cylinder. At least one working cylinder is provided with a muffler
device.
[0009] With the invention, a diesel hammer pile driver of the
aforementioned type is made available, the noise emission of which
is reduced. Because at least one working connector is provided with
a muffler device, the noise emissions initiated by the expansion of
the combustion gases are clearly reduced.
[0010] In a further development of the invention, the at least two
working connectors are disposed on two imaginary horizontal planes,
vertically spaced apart from one another, so that at least one
working connector is disposed vertically offset relative to a
second working connector, whereby the at least one lower working
connector disposed on the lower plane is provided with a muffler
device. When the piston is accelerated upward, it first releases
the lower working connector, after which the exhaust gases escape
through the muffler. Subsequently, the vertically offset second
working connector is released, thereby making it possible to draw
fresh air into the combustion chamber.
[0011] Preferably, the at least one upper working connector
disposed on the upper plane does not have a muffler apparatus. In
this way, unhindered flow of fresh air into the combustion chamber
is achieved. In this way, entrainment of dirt particles possibly
adhering in a muffler that might be provided, into the combustion
chamber, is prevented.
[0012] In a further embodiment of the invention, the two planes are
spaced apart from one another by between 80 millimeters and 120
millimeters, preferably between 95 millimeters and 115 millimeters.
It has been shown that in this way, an optimal displacement
distance of the upwardly moving piston is achieved, in which the
combustion gases escape from the lower working connector, provided
with a muffler device, before the upper working connectors are
released, thereby causing fresh air to be drawn into the combustion
chamber.
[0013] In a further development of the invention, the muffler
device is formed by a mantled perforated pipe. In this way, a
simple and, at the same time, effective absorber muffler is formed,
which is not susceptible to contamination by combustion gases.
[0014] In a further embodiment of the invention, the muffler device
is attached to the cylinder, elastically mounted by way of
vibration elements. In this way, uncoupling of the muffler device
relative to the cylinder is achieved, thereby further reducing
noise emissions. Preferably, the vibration elements are configured
as elastomer components or rubber components. In a further
embodiment, a strike hood for accommodating the material to be
pile-driven is disposed below the striker. The striker is disposed,
at least in certain regions, so as to surround a sound absorption
element. In this way, damping of the noise emissions that occur
when the striker impacts the strike hood is brought about.
[0015] In a further development of the invention, the sound
absorption element is formed from at least one perforated
sheet-metal cassette filled with an absorber material. In this way,
a robust and shock-resistant sound absorption element is brought
about. In this connection, the absorber material is preferably
formed from mineral insulation wool, melanin resin foam or another
suitable porous material.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Other objects and features of the invention will become
apparent from the following detailed description considered in
connection with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood,
however, that the drawings are designed as an illustration only and
not as a definition of the limits of the invention.
[0017] In the drawings, wherein similar reference characters denote
similar elements throughout the several views:
[0018] FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a diesel hammer pile
driver;
[0019] FIG. 2 is a representation, as a detail, of the diesel
hammer pile driver with a muffler device disposed on a working
connector;
[0020] FIG. 3 is a detailed representation of the muffler device in
FIG. 2 [0021] a) in a spatial representation; [0022] b) in
longitudinal sectional;
[0023] FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the lower section of
a diesel hammer pile driver with strike hood disposed to
accommodate material to be pile-driven.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0024] Referring now in detail to the drawings the diesel hammer
pile driver shown in FIG. 1 selected as an exemplary embodiment
comprises a cylinder 1 that is open on both sides, and regularly
can have a length of 3 to 8 meters and a diameter of 0.2 to 1.5
meters. A piston 2 is displaceably disposed in the cylinder 1. A
striker 3 coaxial to the piston 2 engages into the open lower end
of the cylinder 1, in displaceable manner. A ring-shaped bearing
unit 9 is attached at the lower end of the cylinder 1, in which
unit a central shaft section 31 of the striker 3 is guided in tight
and displaceable manner. Central shaft section 31 has an outside
diameter that is reduced as compared with the inside diameter of
the cylinder 1. The diesel hammer pile driver is mounted so as to
be vertically displaceable along a leader 8, by way of guide jaws
13 disposed on the cylinder 1.
[0025] A strike plate 32 is formed onto the lower end of the shaft
section 31, lying underneath the cylinder 1, the lower convex
delimitation surface 33 of which plate, directed outward, interacts
with the upper end of a material to be pile-driven, during
operation.
[0026] A piston section 34 having multiple circumferential sealing
rings, axially at a distance from one another, which run on the
inner mantle surface 11 of the cylinder 1, is formed on at the
upper end of the shaft section 31 of the striker 3. A combustion
chamber 12 is delimited by the top of the piston section 34 of the
striker 3, together with the underside of the piston 2, as well as
the inner mantle surface 11 of the cylinder 1. The face surface of
the striker 3 that faces the combustion chamber 12 of the cylinder
1 is ground to be level with a flat fuel bowl.
[0027] A damping ring 91 is disposed between the strike plate 32 of
the striker 3 and the bearing unit 9 of the cylinder 1. A further
damping ring 92 is disposed adjacent to the bearing unit 9, between
the top of the bearing unit 9 and the underside of the piston
section 34 of the striker 3.
[0028] A lower working end 23 of the piston 2, provided with
circumferential sealing rings 93 that are axially spaced apart from
one another, runs in the interior of the cylinder 1, above the
striker 3. The lower, free face surface 21 of the piston 2, ground
to be planar, is set off by a circumferential step that lies
radially on the outside.
[0029] A mass section 22 that extends into the upper section of the
cylinder 1 is formed onto the lower working end 23 of the piston 2.
An injection apparatus 4 is disposed on the circumference wall of
the cylinder 1, which apparatus comprises a fuel pump 41 that is
connected with the injection nozzle 42 by way of a line 43. The
inlet of the fuel pump 41 is supplied with diesel oil by way of a
fuel tank 45.
[0030] The fuel pump 41 has a biased pump lever 44 that projects
into the interior of the cylinder 1, by way of which the pump is
driven when the dropping piston 2 goes past. The injection nozzle
42 is configured and oriented in such a manner that the fuel
emitted is sprayed approximately in the center of the face surface
of the striker 3, in an essentially cohesive jet.
[0031] Furthermore, a lubricant pump 7 is disposed on the cylinder
1, which pump is connected with lubricant nozzles distributed in
the circumference direction of the cylinder 1. Lubricant is
dispensed between the piston 2 and the inner mantle surface 11 of
the cylinder 1 by the lubricant nozzles.
[0032] The circumference wall of the cylinder 1 has two working
connectors 16, 17 shown in FIG. 2 passing through it at a slant,
upward, approximately at the level of the injection apparatus 4;
the combustion air is drawn in and combustion gases are emitted by
way of these connectors.
[0033] In this connection, the working connectors 16, 17 are
disposed on two imaginary horizontal planes E.sub.u and E.sub.o
disposed vertically at a distance from one another, whereby the
lower working connector 16, disposed on the lower plane E.sub.u, is
disposed on the opposite side of the upper working connector 17,
disposed on the upper plane E.sub.o, passing through the cylinder
1. The lower working connector 16 is provided with a muffler device
5.
[0034] The muffler device 5 is essentially formed by a perforated
pipe 51 provided with a connector pipe piece 52, which pipe is
disposed centered in a cylindrically configured mantling 53. See
FIGS. 3a and 3b. The mantling 53 is provided, on both sides, with
an accommodation flange 54, in each instance, which accommodates
the perforated pipe 51 and which is provided with holes 55 on the
radial circumference.
[0035] The muffler device 5 is attached to the cylinder 1 by way of
two holding arms 56 disposed at a distance from one another.
Vibration elements 57 are disposed between the holding arms 56 and
the mantling 53 of the muffler device 5, thereby bringing about
uncoupling of the muffler device 5 from the cylinder 1, to a great
extent. The connector pipe piece 52 of the muffler device 5 opens
into the lower working connector 16 of the cylinder 1. In the
exemplary embodiment, the lower working connector 16 is disposed
vertically offset from the upper working connector 17 by 105
millimeters.
[0036] In order to raise the piston 2 for the first time, to start
the diesel hammer pile driver, the mass section 22 of the piston 2
has an undercut that forms an entrainment shoulder--not shown--for
engagement of a driver of a disengagement apparatus--not shown.
[0037] In the exemplary embodiment, a strike hood 6 for
accommodating a material 81 to be pile-driven is disposed
underneath the striker 3 of the diesel hammer pile driver. See FIG.
4. The strike hood 6 is essentially formed by a mounting 61 that
engages around the material 81 to be pile-driven, which mounting
has a strike plate 62 on its side facing the striker 3. The
mounting 61 is enclosed by a hood part 63 that projects beyond the
mounting 61 in the direction of the striker 3. In this way, a frame
is formed above the mounting 61, on which sound absorption elements
64 are disposed, surrounding the striker, which elements lie on the
mounting 61. In this connection, the sound absorption elements 64
are configured in such a manner that a collision of the striker 3
with the sound absorption elements 64 is prevented, but at the same
time, the strike plate 32 of the striker 3 is more or less
completely enclosed, thereby bringing about significant damping of
the noise emissions generated by the impacts of the striker 3 on
the strike plate 62 of the strike hood 6.
[0038] With the impacts of the piston 2 on the striker 3, a force
directed downward is exerted on the striker 3 and, by way of the
striker 3, onto the strike hood 6 that accommodates the material 81
to be pile-driven, which force drives the material to be
pile-driven further into the ground. During the subsequent upward
movement of the piston 2, triggered by the explosion-like
combustion of the fuel, the piston first releases the lower working
connector 16, thereby causing the combustion gases to relax and to
escape from the working connector 16 by way of the muffler device
5. After the upper working connector 17 is released, fresh air is
drawn in by the piston 2 that is further accelerated upward, until
the piston 2 has reached its upper end position and the work cycle,
as described, is repeated. Because the fresh air can flow in
through the upper working connector 17, which is not provided with
a muffler device, without hindrance, only very slight suction
through the lower working connector 16 that is provided with the
muffler device 5 takes place, thereby preventing renewed
introduction of dirt particles from the escaping combustion
gases.
[0039] Although only a few embodiments of the present invention
have been shown and described, it is to be understood that many
changes and modifications may be made thereunto without departing
from the spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *