U.S. patent application number 14/067939 was filed with the patent office on 2015-04-30 for tomato hybrid sv2794td and parents thereof.
This patent application is currently assigned to Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc.. Invention is credited to James D. Frantz.
Application Number | 20150121559 14/067939 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 52997093 |
Filed Date | 2015-04-30 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150121559 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Frantz; James D. |
April 30, 2015 |
TOMATO HYBRID SV2794TD AND PARENTS THEREOF
Abstract
The invention provides seed and plants of tomato hybrid SV2794TD
and the parent lines thereof. The invention thus relates to the
plants, seeds and tissue cultures of tomato hybrid SV2794TD and the
parent lines thereof, and to methods for producing a tomato plant
produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another
tomato plant, such as a plant of another genotype. The invention
further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The
invention further relates to parts of such plants, including the
fruit and gametes of such plants.
Inventors: |
Frantz; James D.; (Cape
Coral, FL) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc. |
St. Louis |
MO |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Seminis Vegetable Seeds,
Inc.
St. Louis
MO
|
Family ID: |
52997093 |
Appl. No.: |
14/067939 |
Filed: |
October 30, 2013 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
800/260 ;
435/411; 47/58.1FV; 800/278; 800/300; 800/301; 800/302; 800/303;
800/317.4 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01G 22/00 20180201;
A01H 5/08 20130101; A01H 6/825 20180501 |
Class at
Publication: |
800/260 ;
800/317.4; 435/411; 800/278; 800/303; 800/300; 800/302; 800/301;
47/58.1FV |
International
Class: |
A01H 5/08 20060101
A01H005/08; A01G 1/00 20060101 A01G001/00 |
Claims
1. A tomato plant comprising at least a first set of the
chromosomes of tomato line FDR-9Q10177 or tomato line FDR-9Q09166,
a sample of seed of said lines having been deposited under ATCC
Accession Number PTA-120594 and ATCC Accession Number PTA-120591,
respectively.
2. A tomato seed comprising at least a first set of the chromosomes
of tomato line FDR-9Q10177 or tomato line FDR-9Q09166, a sample of
seed of said lines having been deposited under ATCC Accession
Number PTA-120594 and ATCC Accession Number PTA-120591,
respectively.
3. The plant of claim 1, which is an inbred.
4. The plant of claim 1, which is a hybrid.
5. The seed of claim 2, which is an inbred.
6. The seed of claim 2, which is a hybrid.
7. The plant of claim 4, wherein the hybrid plant is tomato hybrid
SV2794TD, a sample of seed of said hybrid SV2794TD having been
deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-120593.
8. The seed of claim 6, defined as a seed of tomato hybrid
SV2794TD, a sample of seed of said hybrid SV2794TD having been
deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-120593.
9. The seed of claim 2, defined as a seed of line FDR-9Q10177 or
line FDR-9Q09166.
10. A plant part of the plant of claim 1.
11. The plant part of claim 10, further defined as a leaf, an
ovule, pollen, a fruit, or a cell.
12. A tomato plant having all the physiological and morphological
characteristics of the tomato plant of claim 7.
13. A tissue culture of regenerable cells of the plant of claim
1.
14. The tissue culture according to claim 13, comprising cells or
protoplasts from a plant part selected from the group consisting of
embryos, meristems, cotyledons, pollen, leaves, anthers, roots,
root tips, pistil, flower, seed and stalks.
15. A tomato plant regenerated from the tissue culture of claim
13.
16. A method of vegetatively propagating the tomato plant of claim
1 comprising the steps of: (a) collecting tissue capable of being
propagated from the plant according to claim 1; (b) cultivating
said tissue to obtain proliferated shoots; and (c) rooting said
proliferated shoots to obtain rooted plantlets.
17. The method of claim 16, further comprising growing at least a
first tomato plant from said rooted plantlets.
18. A method of introducing a desired trait into a tomato line
comprising: (a) utilizing as a recurrent parent a plant of either
tomato line FDR-9Q10177 or tomato line FDR-9Q09166, by crossing a
plant of tomato line FDR-9Q10177 or tomato line FDR-9Q09166 with a
second donor tomato plant that comprises a desired trait to produce
F1 progeny, a sample of seed of said lines having been deposited
under ATCC Accession Number PTA-120594, and ATCC Accession Number
PTA-120591, respectively; (b) selecting an F1 progeny that
comprises the desired trait; (c) backcros sing the selected F1
progeny with a plant of the same tomato line used as the recurrent
parent in step (a), to produce backcross progeny; (d) selecting
backcross progeny comprising the desired trait and the
physiological and morphological characteristics of the recurrent
parent tomato line used in step (a); and (e) repeating steps (c)
and (d) three or more times to produce selected fourth or higher
backcross progeny that comprise the desired trait, and otherwise
comprise essentially all of the morphological and physiological
characteristics of the recurrent parent tomato line used in step
(a).
19. A tomato plant produced by the method of claim 18.
20. A method of producing a tomato plant comprising an added trait,
the method comprising introducing a transgene conferring the trait
into a plant of tomato hybrid SV2794TD, tomato line FDR-9Q10177 or
tomato line FDR-9Q09166, a sample of seed of said hybrid and lines
having been deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-120593, ATCC
Accession Number PTA-120594, and ATCC Accession Number PTA-120591,
respectively.
21. A tomato plant produced by the method of claim 20.
22. The plant of claim 1, further comprising a transgene.
23. The plant of claim 22, wherein the transgene confers a trait
selected from the group consisting of male sterility, herbicide
tolerance, insect resistance, pest resistance, disease resistance,
modified fatty acid metabolism, environmental stress tolerance,
modified carbohydrate metabolism and modified protein
metabolism.
24. The plant of claim 1, further comprising a single locus
conversion.
25. The plant of claim 24, wherein the single locus conversion
confers a trait selected from the group consisting of male
sterility, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, pest resistance,
disease resistance, modified fatty acid metabolism, environmental
stress tolerance, modified carbohydrate metabolism and modified
protein metabolism.
26. A method for producing a seed of a tomato plant derived from at
least one of tomato hybrid SV2794TD, tomato line FDR-9Q10177 or
tomato line FDR-9Q09166 comprising the steps of: (a) crossing a
tomato plant of hybrid SV2794TD, line FDR-9Q10177 or line
FDR-9Q09166 with itself or a second tomato plant; a sample of seed
of said hybrid and lines having been deposited under ATCC Accession
Number PTA-120593, ATCC Accession Number PTA-120594, and ATCC
Accession Number PTA-120591, respectively; and (b) allowing seed of
a hybrid SV2794TD, line FDR-9Q10177 or line FDR-9Q09166-derived
tomato plant to form.
27. The method of claim 26, further comprising the steps of: (c)
selfing a plant grown from said hybrid SV2794TD, line FDR-9Q10177
or line FDR-9Q09166-derived tomato seed to yield additional hybrid
SV2794TD, line FDR-9Q10177 or line FDR-9Q09166-derived tomato seed;
(d) growing said additional hybrid SV2794TD, line FDR-9Q10177 or
line FDR-9Q09166-derived tomato seed of step (c) to yield
additional hybrid SV2794TD, line FDR-9Q10177 or line
FDR-9Q09166-derived tomato plants; and (e) repeating the crossing
and growing steps of (c) and (d) to generate at least a first
further hybrid SV2794TD, line FDR-9Q10177 or line
FDR-9Q09166-derived tomato plant.
28. The method of claim 26, wherein the second tomato plant is of
an inbred tomato line.
29. The method of claim 26, comprising crossing line FDR-9Q10177
with line FDR-9Q09166, a sample of seed of said lines having been
deposited under ATCC Accession Number PTA-120594, and ATCC
Accession Number PTA-120591, respectively.
30. The method of claim 27, further comprising: (f) crossing the
further hybrid SV2794TD, line FDR-9Q10177 or line
FDR-9Q09166-derived tomato plant with a second tomato plant to
produce seed of a hybrid progeny plant.
31. A plant part of the plant of claim 7.
32. The plant part of claim 31, further defined as a leaf, a
flower, a fruit, an ovule, pollen, or a cell.
33. A method of producing a tomato seed comprising crossing the
plant of claim 1 with itself or a second tomato plant and allowing
seed to form.
34. A method of producing a tomato fruit comprising: (a) obtaining
the plant according to claim 1, wherein the plant has been
cultivated to maturity; and (b) collecting a tomato from the plant.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of plant breeding
and, more specifically, to the development of tomato hybrid
SV2794TD and the inbred tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and
FDR-9Q09166.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The goal of vegetable breeding is to combine various
desirable traits in a single variety/hybrid. Such desirable traits
may include any trait deemed beneficial by a grower and/or
consumer, including greater yield, resistance to insects or
disease, tolerance to environmental stress, and nutritional
value.
[0003] Breeding techniques take advantage of a plant's method of
pollination. There are two general methods of pollination: a plant
self-pollinates if pollen from one flower is transferred to the
same or another flower of the same plant or plant variety. A plant
cross-pollinates if pollen comes to it from a flower of a different
plant variety.
[0004] Plants that have been self-pollinated and selected for type
over many generations become homozygous at almost all gene loci and
produce a uniform population of true breeding progeny, a homozygous
plant. A cross between two such homozygous plants of different
genotypes produces a uniform population of hybrid plants that are
heterozygous for many gene loci. Conversely, a cross of two plants
each heterozygous at a number of loci produces a population of
hybrid plants that differ genetically and are not uniform. The
resulting non-uniformity makes performance unpredictable.
[0005] The development of uniform varieties requires the
development of homozygous inbred plants, the crossing of these
inbred plants, and the evaluation of the crosses. Pedigree breeding
and recurrent selection are examples of breeding methods that have
been used to develop inbred plants from breeding populations. Those
breeding methods combine the genetic backgrounds from two or more
plants or various other broad-based sources into breeding pools
from which new lines and hybrids derived therefrom are developed by
selfing and selection of desired phenotypes. The new lines and
hybrids are evaluated to determine which of those have commercial
potential.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a tomato plant
of the hybrid designated SV2794TD, the tomato line FDR-9Q10177 or
tomato line FDR-9Q09166. Also provided are tomato plants having all
the physiological and morphological characteristics of such a
plant. Parts of these tomato plants are also provided, for example,
including pollen, an ovule, scion, a rootstock, a fruit, and a cell
of the plant.
[0007] In another aspect of the invention, a plant of tomato hybrid
SV2794TD and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166 comprising
an added heritable trait is provided. The heritable trait may
comprise a genetic locus that is, for example, a dominant or
recessive allele. In one embodiment of the invention, a plant of
tomato hybrid SV2794TD and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and
FDR-9Q09166 is defined as comprising a single locus conversion. In
specific embodiments of the invention, an added genetic locus
confers one or more traits such as, for example, herbicide
tolerance, insect resistance, disease resistance, and modified
carbohydrate metabolism. In further embodiments, the trait may be
conferred by a naturally occurring gene introduced into the genome
of a line by backcrossing, a natural or induced mutation, or a
transgene introduced through genetic transformation techniques into
the plant or a progenitor of any previous generation thereof. When
introduced through transformation, a genetic locus may comprise one
or more genes integrated at a single chromosomal location.
[0008] The invention also concerns the seed of tomato hybrid
SV2794TD and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166. The
tomato seed of the invention may be provided as an essentially
homogeneous population of tomato seed of tomato hybrid SV2794TD
and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166. Essentially
homogeneous populations of seed are generally free from substantial
numbers of other seed. Therefore, in some embodiments, seed of
hybrid SV2794TD and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166 may
be defined as forming at least about 97% of the total seed,
including at least about 98%, 99% or more of the seed. The seed
population may be separately grown to provide an essentially
homogeneous population of tomato plants designated SV2794TD and/or
tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166.
[0009] In yet another aspect of the invention, a tissue culture of
regenerable cells of a tomato plant of hybrid SV2794TD and/or
tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166 is provided. The tissue
culture will preferably be capable of regenerating tomato plants
capable of expressing all of the physiological and morphological
characteristics of the starting plant, and of regenerating plants
having substantially the same genotype as the starting plant.
Examples of some of the physiological and morphological
characteristics of the hybrid SV2794TD and/or tomato lines
FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166 include those traits set forth in the
tables herein. The regenerable cells in such tissue cultures may be
derived, for example, from embryos, meristems, cotyledons, pollen,
leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, pistils, flowers, seed and
stalks. Still further, the present invention provides tomato plants
regenerated from a tissue culture of the invention, the plants
having all the physiological and morphological characteristics of
hybrid SV2794TD and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and
FDR-9Q09166.
[0010] In still yet another aspect of the invention, processes are
provided for producing tomato seeds, plants and fruit, which
processes generally comprise crossing a first parent tomato plant
with a second parent tomato plant, wherein at least one of the
first or second parent tomato plants is a plant of tomato line
FDR-9Q10177 or tomato line FDR-9Q09166. These processes may be
further exemplified as processes for preparing hybrid tomato seed
or plants, wherein a first tomato plant is crossed with a second
tomato plant of a different, distinct genotype to provide a hybrid
that has, as one of its parents, a plant of tomato line FDR-9Q10177
or tomato line FDR-9Q09166. In these processes, crossing will
result in the production of seed. The seed production occurs
regardless of whether the seed is collected or not.
[0011] In one embodiment of the invention, the first step in
"crossing" comprises planting seeds of a first and second parent
tomato plant, often in proximity so that pollination will occur for
example, mediated by insect vectors. Alternatively, pollen can be
transferred manually. Where the plant is self-pollinated,
pollination may occur without the need for direct human
intervention other than plant cultivation.
[0012] A second step may comprise cultivating or growing the seeds
of first and second parent tomato plants into plants that bear
flowers. A third step may comprise preventing self-pollination of
the plants, such as by emasculating the flowers (i.e., killing or
removing the pollen).
[0013] A fourth step for a hybrid cross may comprise
cross-pollination between the first and second parent tomato
plants. Yet another step comprises harvesting the seeds from at
least one of the parent tomato plants. The harvested seed can be
grown to produce a tomato plant or hybrid tomato plant.
[0014] The present invention also provides the tomato seeds and
plants produced by a process that comprises crossing a first parent
tomato plant with a second parent tomato plant, wherein at least
one of the first or second parent tomato plants is a plant of
tomato hybrid SV2794TD and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and
FDR-9Q09166. In one embodiment of the invention, tomato seed and
plants produced by the process are first generation (F.sub.1)
hybrid tomato seed and plants produced by crossing a plant in
accordance with the invention with another, distinct plant. The
present invention further contemplates plant parts of such an
F.sub.1 hybrid tomato plant, and methods of use thereof. Therefore,
certain exemplary embodiments of the invention provide an F.sub.1
hybrid tomato plant and seed thereof.
[0015] In still yet another aspect, the present invention provides
a method of producing a plant derived from hybrid SV2794TD and/or
tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166, the method comprising the
steps of: (a) preparing a progeny plant derived from hybrid
SV2794TD and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166, wherein
said preparing comprises crossing a plant of the hybrid SV2794TD
and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166 with a second
plant; and (b) crossing the progeny plant with itself or a second
plant to produce a seed of a progeny plant of a subsequent
generation. In further embodiments, the method may additionally
comprise: (c) growing a progeny plant of a subsequent generation
from said seed of a progeny plant of a subsequent generation and
crossing the progeny plant of a subsequent generation with itself
or a second plant; and repeating the steps for an additional 3-10
generations to produce a plant derived from hybrid SV2794TD and/or
tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166. The plant derived from
hybrid SV2794TD and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166 may
be an inbred line, and the aforementioned repeated crossing steps
may be defined as comprising sufficient inbreeding to produce the
inbred line. In the method, it may be desirable to select
particular plants resulting from step (c) for continued crossing
according to steps (b) and (c). By selecting plants having one or
more desirable traits, a plant derived from hybrid SV2794TD and/or
tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166 is obtained which
possesses some of the desirable traits of the line/hybrid as well
as potentially other selected traits.
[0016] In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a
method of producing food or feed comprising: (a) obtaining a plant
of tomato hybrid SV2794TD and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and
FDR-9Q09166, wherein the plant has been cultivated to maturity, and
(b) collecting at least one tomato from the plant.
[0017] In still yet another aspect of the invention, the genetic
complement of tomato hybrid SV2794TD and/or tomato lines
FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166 is provided. The phrase "genetic
complement" is used to refer to the aggregate of nucleotide
sequences, the expression of which sequences defines the phenotype
of, in the present case, a tomato plant, or a cell or tissue of
that plant. A genetic complement thus represents the genetic makeup
of a cell, tissue or plant, and a hybrid genetic complement
represents the genetic make up of a hybrid cell, tissue or plant.
The invention thus provides tomato plant cells that have a genetic
complement in accordance with the tomato plant cells disclosed
herein, and seeds and plants containing such cells.
[0018] Plant genetic complements may be assessed by genetic marker
profiles, and by the expression of phenotypic traits that are
characteristic of the expression of the genetic complement, e.g.,
isozyme typing profiles. It is understood that hybrid SV2794TD
and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166 could be identified
by any of the many well known techniques such as, for example,
Simple Sequence Length Polymorphisms (SSLPs) (Williams et al.,
Nucleic Acids Res., 1 8:6531-6535, 1990), Randomly Amplified
Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), DNA Amplification Fingerprinting (DAF),
Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions (SCARs), Arbitrary Primed
Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR), Amplified Fragment Length
Polymorphisms (AFLPs) (EP 534 858, specifically incorporated herein
by reference in its entirety), and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
(SNPs) (Wang et al., Science, 280:1077-1082, 1998).
[0019] In still yet another aspect, the present invention provides
hybrid genetic complements, as represented by tomato plant cells,
tissues, plants, and seeds, formed by the combination of a haploid
genetic complement of a tomato plant of the invention with a
haploid genetic complement of a second tomato plant, preferably,
another, distinct tomato plant. In another aspect, the present
invention provides a tomato plant regenerated from a tissue culture
that comprises a hybrid genetic complement of this invention.
[0020] Any embodiment discussed herein with respect to one aspect
of the invention applies to other aspects of the invention as well,
unless specifically noted.
[0021] The term "about" is used to indicate that a value includes
the standard deviation of the mean for the device or method being
employed to determine the value. The use of the term "or" in the
claims is used to mean "and/or" unless explicitly indicated to
refer to alternatives only or the alternatives are mutually
exclusive. When used in conjunction with the word "comprising" or
other open language in the claims, the words "a" and "an" denote
"one or more," unless specifically noted otherwise. The terms
"comprise," "have" and "include" are open-ended linking verbs. Any
forms or tenses of one or more of these verbs, such as "comprises,"
"comprising," "has," "having," "includes" and "including," are also
open-ended. For example, any method that "comprises," "has" or
"includes" one or more steps is not limited to possessing only
those one or more steps and also covers other unlisted steps.
Similarly, any plant that "comprises," "has" or "includes" one or
more traits is not limited to possessing only those one or more
traits and covers other unlisted traits.
[0022] Other objects, features and advantages of the present
invention will become apparent from the following detailed
description. It should be understood, however, that the detailed
description and any specific examples provided, while indicating
specific embodiments of the invention, are given by way of
illustration only, since various changes and modifications within
the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those
skilled in the art from this detailed description.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0023] The invention provides methods and compositions relating to
plants, seeds and derivatives of tomato hybrid SV2794TD, tomato
line FDR-9Q10177 and tomato line FDR-9Q09166.
[0024] Tomato hybrid SV2794TD, also known as "EX 15582794", is a
fresh market determinate round tomato variety widely adapted to the
growing conditions in the Southeastern USA. It features a strong
plant type with good fruit cover and a high percentage of extra
large fruit with good fruit quality. Hybrid SV2794TD is resistant
to Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici (Aal), Fusarium
oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici US Races 1,2,3 (Fol1, Fol2, Fol3),
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (For), Tomato Spotted
Wilt Virus (TSWV), Stemphylium solani (Ss), and Verticillium
dahliae/Verticillium albo-atrum US race 1 (Va/Vd). Tomato hybrid
SV2794TD provides added resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici US Races 1,2,3 (Fol1, Fol2, Fol3), Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (For) and Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus
(TSWV) when compared to commercial variety Florida 47R. Tomato
hybrid SV2794TD provides added resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt
Virus (TSWV) when compared to commercial variety Sebring.
[0025] Tomato line FDR-9Q09166 develops a medium plant with light
cover. It produces a heavy set of smooth, firm, deep oblate large
sized fruit. The fruit have a jointed pedicel, uniform green
shoulders and are red at maturity. The line is resistant to
Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
radicis-lycopersici (For) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici
US Race 3 (Fol3). The line is also resistant to Alternaria
alternata f. sp. lycopersici (Aal), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici US Races 1 and 2 (Fol1, Fol2), along with Verticillium
dahliae/Verticillium albo-atrum US race 1 (Va/Vd). It is believed
that the most similar commercial variety to FDR-9Q09166 is Florida
47R, but the lines differ at least in that FDR-9Q09166 has
resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (For)
and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici US Race 3 (Fol3) while
Florida 47R is susceptible.
[0026] Tomato Line FDR-9Q10177 develops a large plant with good
cover. It produces a heavy set of smooth, firm, deep oblate extra
large sized fruit. The fruit have a jointed peduncle, uniform green
shoulders and are red at maturity. The line is resistant to Tomato
Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV). The line is also resistant to Alternaria
alternata f. sp. lycopersici (Aal), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici US Races 1 and 2 (Fol1, Fol2), along with Verticillium
dahliae/Verticillium albo-atrum US race 1 (Va/Vd). It is believed
that the most similar commercial variety to FDR-9Q10177 is Florida
47R, but the lines differ at least in that FDR-9Q10177 has
resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) while Florida 47R is
susceptible. Furthermore, FDR-9Q10177 is susceptible to Stemphylium
solani while Florida 47R is resistant.
A. Origin and Breeding History of Tomato Hybrid SV2794TD
[0027] The parents of hybrid SV2794TD are FDR-9Q10177 and
FDR-9Q09166. These parents were created as follows:
[0028] Parent line FDR-9Q10177 develops a large plant with good
cover. It produces a heavy set of smooth, firm, deep oblate extra
large sized fruit. The fruit have a jointed peduncle, uniform green
shoulders and are red at maturity. The line is resistant to Tomato
Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV). The line is also resistant to Alternaria
alternata f. sp. lycopersici (Aal), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici US Races 1 and 2 (Fol1, Fol2), along with Verticillium
dahliae/Verticillium albo-atrum US race 1 (Va/Vd).
[0029] Tomato line FDR-9Q10177 was created as follows:
[0030] FDR-9Q10177 was developed by pedigree selection from SVR
01522925, a Seminis hybrid first made in Woodland, Calif. This
hybrid resulted from the cross between female FDR-15-2091 and male
FDR-15-2078.
[0031] The female parent, FDR-15-2091, develops a compact
determinate plant and produces a heavy set of large to extra large
deep globe red fruit. The parent is resistant to Alternaria
alternata f. sp. lycopersici (Aal), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici US Races 1 and 2 (Fol1, Fol2) and Verticillium
dahliae/Verticillium albo-atrum US race 1 (Va/Vd).
[0032] The male parent, FDR-15-2078, develops a large determinate
plant and produces medium to large deep oblate fruit. The parent is
resistant to Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici (Aal),
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici US Races 1 and 2 (Fol1,
Fol2), Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV), Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl
Virus (TYLCV) and Verticillium dahliae/Verticillium albo-atrum US
race 1 (Va/Vd).
[0033] Neither parent was marketed directly as open pollinated
lines. FDR-9Q10177 differs from FDR-15-2091 because it is resistant
to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV). FDR-9Q10177 differs from
FDR-15-2078 because it is susceptible to Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl
Virus (TYLCV).
[0034] The crossing and selections were made as follows:
[0035] August, Year 1: Plants of the F1 SVR 01522925 were selfed in
the Seminis Woodland Calif. Station. Seed from the selfed plants
was bulked and shipped to Felda, Fla.
[0036] July, Year 2: F2 population was planted in Felda, Fla. and
individual selections were made.
[0037] January, Year 3: F3 line was planted. Selections were
made.
[0038] January, Year 4: F4 line was planted. Selections were
made.
[0039] July, Year 4: F5 line was planted. This selection was noted
for excellent size and set and was fixed resistant for Tomato
Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) by molecular marker. Selections were
made.
[0040] January, Year 5: F6 line was planted. Selections were
made.
[0041] July, Year 5: F7 line was planted. Selections were made.
[0042] January, Year 6: F8 line was planted. Selections were made.
Line was confirmed to be AF1F2VNSw< >TyS.
[0043] July, Year 6: F9 line was planted. The line was found to be
uniform and stable and selections were made.
[0044] July, Year 8: F10 line was planted as finished line
FDR-9Q10177 and entered into Foundation Seed increase. Pathology
tests confirmed resistance to Alternaria alternata f. sp.
lycopersici (Aal), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici US Races 1
and 2 (Fol1, Fol2), Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) and
Verticillium dahliae/Verticillium albo-atrum US race 1 (Va/Vd).
[0045] Line FDR-9Q10177 has been observed as uniform and stable
over two generations and it is within commercially acceptable
limits. As is true with other tomato inbreds, a small percentage of
variants can occur within commercially acceptable limits for almost
any characteristic during the course of repeated multiplication.
However, no known variants were observed during field trial
observations or greenhouse crossing block observations.
[0046] Tomato line FDR-9Q09166 develops a medium plant with light
cover. It produces a heavy set of smooth, firm, deep oblate large
sized fruit. The fruit have a jointed pedicel, uniform green
shoulders and are red at maturity. The line is resistant to
Fusarium Crown and Root Rot Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
radicis-lycopersici (For) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici
US Races 3 (Fol3). The line is also resistant to Alternaria
alternata f. sp. lycopersici (Aal), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
lycopersici US Races 1 and 2 (Fol1, Fol2), along with Verticillium
dahliae/Verticillium albo-atrum US race 1 (Va/Vd).
[0047] Line FDR-9Q09166 was developed by pedigree selection from
Sebring, a commercial hybrid from Syngenta. The crossing and
selections were made as follows:
[0048] October, Year 1: Plants of the F.sub.1 Sebring were selfed
in Immokalee, Fla.
[0049] October, Year 2: F2 population was planted in Felda, Fla.
and individual selections were made.
[0050] October, Year 3: F3 line was planted. Selections were
made.
[0051] October, Year 4: F4 line was planted. The line was fixed for
Fol 3 resistance based on molecular markers.
[0052] October, Year 5: F5 line was planted. Selections were
made.
[0053] January, Year 7: F6 line was planted. For was fixed based on
pathology tests. The line was found to be uniform and stable and
selections were made.
[0054] April, Year 8: F7 line was planted as finished line
FDR-9Q09166 and entered into Foundation Seed increase. Pathology
tests confirmed resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
radicis-lycopersici (For), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici US
Races 3 (Fol3), Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici (Aal),
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici US Races 1 and 2 (Fol1, Fol2)
and Verticillium dahliae/Verticillium albo-atrum US race 1
(Va/Vd).
[0055] Line FDR-9Q09166 has been observed as uniform and stable
over two generations and it is within commercially acceptable
limits. As is true with other tomato inbreds, a small percentage of
variants can occur within commercially acceptable limits for almost
any characteristic during the course of repeated multiplication.
However, no known variants were observed during field trial
observations or greenhouse crossing block observations.
[0056] The parent lines are uniform and stable, as is a hybrid
produced therefrom. A small percentage of variants can occur within
commercially acceptable limits for almost any characteristic during
the course of repeated multiplication. However no variants are
expected.
B. Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Tomato Hybrid
SV2794TD, Tomato Line FDR-9010177 and Tomato Line FDR-9009166
[0057] In accordance with one aspect of the present invention,
there is provided a plant having the physiological and
morphological characteristics of tomato hybrid SV2794TD and the
parent lines thereof. A description of the physiological and
morphological characteristics of such plants is presented in Tables
1-3.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Physiological and Morphological
Characteristics of Hybrid SV2794TD Comparison Variety
Characteristic SV2794TD FL47 1. Seedling anthocyanin in hypocotyl
of present present 2-15 cm seedling (Montfavet H 63.4) habit of 3-4
week old normal normal seedling 2. Mature Plant height 65.8 cm
129.3 cm growth type determinate determinate (Campbell 1327,
Prisca) number of inflorescences on medium medium main stem (side
shoots to be (Montfavet H 63.4) removed) form normal normal size of
canopy (compared to medium medium others of similar type) habit
sprawling semi-erect (decumbent) 3. Stem anthocyanin coloration of
absent or very weak absent or very weak upper third branching
intermediate intermediate (Westover) branching at cotyledon or
absent absent first leafy node number of nodes between 4 to 7 7 to
10 first inflorescence number of nodes between 1 to 4 1 to 4 early
(1.sup.st to 2.sup.nd, 2.sup.nd to 3.sup.rd) inflorescences number
of nodes between 1 to 4 1 to 4 later developing inflorescences
pubescence on younger stems moderately hairy moderately hairy 4.
Leaf type (mature leaf beneath the tomato tomato 3.sup.rd
inflorescence) margins of major leaflets shallowly toothed or
shallowly toothed or (mature leaf beneath the 3.sup.rd scalloped
scalloped inflorescence) marginal rolling or wiltiness moderate
moderate (mature leaf beneath the 3.sup.rd inflorescence) surface
of major leaflets midseason midseason (mature leaf beneath the 3rd
inflorescence) surface of major leaflets rugose (bumpy or veiny)
rugose (mature leaf beneath the 3.sup.rd inflorescence) pubescence
(mature leaf hirsute normal beneath the 3.sup.rd inflorescence)
attitude (in middle third of semi-erect semi-erect plant)
(Allround, Drakar, Vitador) length long long (Montfavet H 63.5)
width medium medium division of blade pinnate (Mikado, Pilot,
pinnate Red Jacket) size of leaflets (in middle of medium medium
leaf) (Marmande VR, Royesta) intensity of green color dark dark
(Allround, Daniela, Lorena, Red Robin) glossiness (as for 6) weak
(Daniela) weak blistering (as for 6) strong strong (Delfine, Tiny
Tim) size of blisters (as for 6) medium medium (Marmande VR)
attitude of petiole of leaflet in semi-erect semi-erect relation to
main axis (as for (Blizzard, Marmande VR) 6) 5. Inflorescence
inflorescence type (2.sup.nd and mainly uniparous intermediate
3.sup.rd truss) (Dynamo) type (3.sup.rd inflorescence) simple
forked average number of flowers in 4.7 5 inflorescence (3.sup.rd
inflorescence) leafy or "running" absent occasional inflorescence
(3.sup.rd inflorescence) 6. Flower calyx normal (lobes awl shaped)
normal calyx-lobes shorter than corolla shorter than corolla
corolla color yellow yellow style pubescence absent or very scarce
dense/present (Campbell 1327) anthers all fused into tube all fused
into tube fasciation (1.sup.st flower of 2.sup.nd or absent
(Monalbo, absent 3.sup.rd inflorescence) Moneymaker) color yellow
(Marmande VR) yellow 7. Fruit typical shape in longitudinal
slightly flattened slightly flattened section (3.sup.rd fruit of
2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) shape of transverse/cross round round
section (3.sup.rd fruit of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) shape of
stem end (3.sup.rd fruit of indented indented 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd
cluster) shape of blossom end (3.sup.rd flat flat fruit of 2.sup.nd
or 3.sup.rd cluster) (Montfavet H 63.4, Montfavet H 63.5) size of
blossom scar medium small (Alphamech, Apla, Carmello, Floradade)
shape of pistil scar stellate dot peduncle: abscission layer
present (pedicellate) present (3.sup.rd fruit of 2.sup.nd or
3.sup.rd cluster) (Montfavet H 63.5, Roma) peduncle: length (from
long medium abscission layer to calyx) (Erlidor, Ramy, Ranco)
ribbing at peduncle end medium medium (Montfavet H 63.4, Montfavet
H 63.5) depression at peduncle end weak (Futuria, Melody) weak size
of stem/peduncle scar medium medium (Montfavet H 63.4, Montfavet H
63.5, Rutgers) point of detachment of fruit at pedicel joint at
pedicel joint at harvest length of dedicel (3.sup.rd fruit of 14.7
mm 12.9 mm 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) length of mature fruit
(stem 68.2 mm 60.3 mm axis; 3.sup.rd fruit of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd
cluster) diameter of fruit at widest 73 mm 67.1 mm point (3.sup.rd
fruit of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) weight of mature fruit
(3.sup.rd 220.4 grams 166.8 grams fruit of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd
cluster) size large large (Carmello, Ringo) ratio length/diameter
small medium (Alicia) core present present size of core in cross
section large large (in relation to total diameter) (Apla, Campbell
1327, Carmello, Count, Fandango, Floradade) number of locules 4, 5
or 6 4, 5, or 6 (Raissa, Tradiro) surface smooth smooth base color
(mature-green apple or medium green red stage) (Heinz 1439 VF)
pattern (mature-green stage) uniform green uniform green green
shoulder (before absent absent maturity) (Felicia, Rio Grande,
Trust) intensity of green color of medium (Rody) light fruit (as
for 34) color at maturity (full-ripe) red red (Ferline, Daniela,
Montfavet H 63.5) color of flesh at maturity red/crimson (Ferline,
red/crimson (full-ripe) Saint-Pierre) flesh color uniform uniform
locular gel color of table-ripe red red fruit firmness soft (Trend)
medium shelf life medium (Durinta) short time of flowering medium
medium (Montfavet H 63.5, Prisca) time of maturity medium medium
(Montfavet H 63.5) ripening (blossom-to-stem uniform uniform axis)
ripening (peripheral to uniformity uniformity central radial axis)
epidermis color yellow yellow epidermis easy-peel normal epidermis
texture average tender thickness of pericarp medium thick
(Carmello, Europeel, Floradade, Heinz 1706, Montfavet H 63.5) dry
matter content (at low (Bonset) medium maturity) sensitivity to
silvering insensitive (Marathon, insensitive Sano) 8. Chemistry and
Composition of Full-Ripe Fruits pH 4.19 4.3 titratable acidity, as
% citric 0.375 0.397 total solids (dry matter, seeds 5.1 5.7 and
skin removed) soluble Solids as .degree. Brix 4.7 5.3 9. Phenology
seeding to 50% flow (1 open 49.5 53.5 on 50% of plants) seeding to
once over harvest 123.5 120 fruiting season medium (Westover)
relative maturity in areas medium early tested 10. Adaptation
culture field principle use(s) home garden, fresh market machine
harvest not adapted regions to which adaptation California:
Sacramento has been demonstrated and Upper San Joaquin *These are
typical values. Values may vary due to environment. Other values
that are substantially equivalent are also within the scope of the
invention.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Physiological and Morphological
Characteristics of Line FDR-9Q10177 Comparison: Characteristic
FDR-9Q10177 FL 47 1. Seedling anthocyanin in hypocotyl of present
present 2-15 cm seedling (Montfavet H 63.4) (Montfavet H 63.4)
habit of 3-4 week old normal normal seedling 2. Mature Plant height
66.8 cm 129.3 cm growth type determinate determinate (Campbell
1327, Prisca) (Campbell 1327, Prisca) number of inflorescences on
medium medium main stem (side shoots to be (Montfavet H 63.4)
(Montfavet H 63.4) removed) form normal normal size of canopy
(compared to medium medium others of similar type) habit semi-erect
semi erect 3. Stem anthocyanin coloration of absent or very weak
absent or very weak upper third branching sparse intermediate
(Brehm's Solid Red, (Westover) Fireball) branching at cotyledon or
absent absent first leafy node number of nodes between 7 to 10 7 to
10 first inflorescence number of nodes between 1 to 4 1 to 4 early
(1.sup.st to 2.sup.nd, 2.sup.nd to 3.sup.rd) inflorescences number
of nodes between 1 to 4 1 to 4 later developing inflorescences
pubescence on younger stems moderately hairy moderately hairy 4.
Leaf type (mature leaf beneath the tomato tomato 3.sup.rd
inflorescence) margins of major leaflets shallowly toothed or
shallowly toothed or (mature leaf beneath the 3.sup.rd scalloped
scalloped inflorescence) marginal rolling or wiltiness slight
moderate (mature leaf beneath the 3.sup.rd inflorescence) onset of
leaflet rolling mid season mid season surface of major leaflets
rugose (bumpy or veiny) rugose (bumpy or veiny) (mature leaf
beneath the 3.sup.rd inflorescence) pubescence (mature leaf smooth
(no long hairs) normal beneath the 3.sup.rd inflorescence) attitude
(in middle third of semi-drooping semi-erect plant) (Montfavet H
63.5) (Allround, Drakar, Vitador) length long long (Montfavet H
63.5) (Montfavet H 63.5) width medium medium division of blade
pinnate (Mikado, Pilot, pinnate (Mikado, Pilot, Red Jacket) Red
Jacket) size of leaflets (in middle of medium medium leaf)
(Marmande VR, Royesta) (Marmande VR, Royesta) intensity of green
color medium (Lucy) dark (Allround, Daniela, Lorena, Red Robin)
glossiness (as for 6) medium (Marmande VR) weak (Daniela)
blistering (as for 6) weak strong (Daniela) (Delfine, Tiny Tim)
size of blisters (as for 6) small medium (Husky Cherrie Red)
(Marmande VR) attitude of petiole of leaflet in semi-erect
semi-erect relation to main axis (in (Blizzard, Marmande VR)
(Blizzard, Marmande VR) middle of leaf) 5. Inflorescence
inflorescence type (2.sup.nd and mainly uniparous intermediate
3.sup.rd truss) (Dynamo) (Harzfeuer) type (3.sup.rd inflorescence)
simple forked (2 major axes) average number of flowers in 4.5 5
inflorescence (3.sup.rd inflorescence) leafy or "running" absent
occasional inflorescence (3.sup.rd inflorescence) 6. Flower calyx
normal (lobes awl shaped) normal (lobes awl shaped) calyx-lobes
shorter than corolla shorter than corolla corolla color yellow
yellow style pubescence absent or very scarce dense/present
(Campbell 1327) (Saint-Pierre) anthers all fused into tube all
fused into tube fasciation (1.sup.st flower of 2.sup.nd or absent
absent 3.sup.rd inflorescence) (Monalbo, Moneymaker) (Monalbo,
Moneymaker) color yellow (Marmande VR) yellow (Marmande VR) 7.
Fruit typical shape in longitudinal obovate slightly flattened
section (3.sup.rd fruit of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) shape of
transverse/cross round round section (3.sup.rd fruit of 2.sup.nd or
3.sup.rd cluster) shape of stem end (3.sup.rd fruit of indented
indented 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) shape of blossom end
(3.sup.rd indented to flat flat fruit of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd
cluster) size of blossom scar medium small (Alphamech, Apla,
(Montfavet H 63.4, Carmello, Floradade) Montfavet H 63.5) shape of
pistil scar (3rd fruit irregular dot of 2nd or 3rd cluster)
peduncle: abscission layer present present (3.sup.rd fruit of
2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) (pedicellate) (pedicellate)
(Montfavet H 63.5, (Montfavet H 63.5, Roma) Roma) peduncle: length
(from medium medium abscission layer to calyx) (Dario, Primosol)
(Dario, Primosol) (only for varieties with abscission layers)
ribbing at peduncle end medium medium (Montfavet H 63.4, (Montfavet
H 63.4, Montfavet H 63.5) Montfavet H 63.5) depression at peduncle
end medium weak (Carmello, Count, (Futuria, Melody) Fandango,
Saint-Pierre) size of stem/peduncle scar large medium (Apla,
Campbell 1327, (Montfavet H 63.4, Carmello, Fandango, Montfavet H
63.5, Floradade) Rutgers) point of detachment of fruit at pedicel
joint at pedicel joint at harvest (3.sup.rd fruit of 2.sup.nd or
3.sup.rd cluster) length of pedicel (3.sup.rd fruit of 13.3 mm 12.9
mm 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) length of mature fruit (stem 70.4
mm 60.3 mm axis; 3.sup.rd fruit of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster)
diameter of fruit at widest 79.6 mm 67.1 mm point (3.sup.rd fruit
of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) weight of mature fruit (3.sup.rd
260.8 grams 166.8 grams fruit of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) size
large large (Carmello, Ringo) (Carmello, Ringo) ratio
length/diameter medium medium (Early Mech, Peto Gro) (Early Mech,
Peto Gro) core present present size of core in cross section large
large (in relation to total diameter) (Apla, Campbell 1327, (Apla,
Campbell 1327, Carmello, Count, Carmello, Count, Fandango,
Floradade) Fandango, Floradade) number of locules 4, 5 or 6 4, 5 or
6 (Raissa, Tradiro) (Raissa, Tradiro) surface slightly rough smooth
base color (mature-green apple or medium green red stage) (Heinz
1439 VF) pattern (mature-green stage) uniform green uniform green
green shoulder (before absent absent maturity) (Felicia, Rio
Grande, (Felicia, Rio Grande, Trust) Trust) intensity of green
color of medium light (Capello, Duranto, fruit (before maturity)
(Rody) Trust) color at maturity (full-ripe) red (Ferline, Daniela,
red (Ferline, Daniela, Montfavet H 63.5) Montfavet H 63.5) color of
flesh at maturity red/crimson (Ferline, red/crimson (Ferline,
(full-ripe) Saint-Pierre) Saint-Pierre) flesh color uniform uniform
locular gel color of table-ripe red red fruit firmness soft (Trend)
medium (Cristina) shelf life medium (Durinta) short (Rambo) time of
flowering medium medium (Montfavet H 63.5, (Montfavet H 63.5,
Prisca) Prisca) time of maturity medium medium (Montfavet H 63.5)
(Montfavet H 63.5) ripening (blossom-to-stem uniform uniform axis)
ripening (peripheral to uniformity uniformity central radial axis)
epidermis color yellow yellow epidermis easy-peel normal epidermis
texture average tender thickness of pericarp medium thick
(Carmello, Europeel, (Cal J, Daniela, Ferline, Floradade, Heinz
1706, Peto Gro, Rio Grande) Montfavet H 63.5) dry matter content
(at low (Bonset) medium maturity) sensitivity to silvering
insensitive (Marathon, insensitive (Marathon, Sano) Sano) 8.
Chemistry and Composition of Full-Ripe Fruits pH 4.29 4.3
titratable acidity, as % citric 0.36 0.397 total solids (dry
matter, seeds 4.86 5.7 and skin removed) soluble Solids as .degree.
Brix 4.5 5.3 9. Phenology seeding to 50% flow (1 open 49 53.5 on
50% of plants) seeding to once over harvest 127.5 120 fruiting
season medium (Westover) relative maturity in areas medium tested
10. Adaptation culture field principle use(s) home garden, fresh
market machine harvest not adapted regions to which adaptation
California: Sacramento has been demonstrated and Upper San Joaquin
*These are typical values. Values may vary due to environment.
Other values that are substantially equivalent are also within the
scope of the invention.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Physiological and Morphological
Characteristics of Line FDR-9Q09166 Comparison Variety
Characteristic FDR-9Q09166 FL47 1. Seedling anthocyanin in
hypocotyl of present present 2-15 cm seedling (Montfavet H 63.4)
habit of 3-4 week old normal normal seedling 2. Mature Plant height
70.4 cm 69.65 cm growth type determinate determinate (Campbell
1327, Prisca) number of inflorescences on few (Campbell 1327)
medium main stem (side shoots to be removed) form lax, open lax,
open size of canopy (compared to medium large others of similar
type) habit semi-erect sprawling 3. Stem anthocyanin coloration of
absent or very weak absent or very weak upper third branching
sparse sparse (Brehm's Solid Red, Fireball) branching at cotyledon
or present present first leafy node number of nodes between 4 to 7
4 to 7 first inflorescence number of nodes between 1 to 4 4 to 7
early (1.sup.st to 2.sup.nd, 2.sup.nd to 3.sup.rd) inflorescences
number of nodes between 1 to 4 7 to 10 later developing
inflorescences pubescence on younger stems moderately hairy
sparsely hairy 4. Leaf type (mature leaf beneath the tomato tomato
3.sup.rd inflorescence) margins of major leaflets deeply toothed or
cut, sps. nearly entire (mature leaf beneath the 3.sup.rd Toward
base inflorescence) marginal rolling or wiltiness moderate absent
(mature leaf beneath the 3.sup.rd inflorescence) onset of leaflet
rolling midseason (mature leaf beneath the 3rd inflorescence)
surface of major leaflets rugose (bumpy or veiny) smooth (mature
leaf beneath the 3.sup.rd inflorescence) pubescence (mature leaf
normal normal beneath the 3.sup.rd inflorescence) attitude (in
middle third of semi-erect horizontal plant) (Allround, Drakar,
Vitador) length medium medium (Lorena) width broad medium
(Saint-Pierre) division of blade pinnate (Mikado, Pilot, pinnate
Red Jacket) size of leaflets (in middle of large medium leaf)
(Daniela, Hynema) intensity of green color dark dark (Allround,
Daniela, Lorena, Red Robin) glossiness (as for 6) weak (Daniela)
medium blistering (as for 6) strong medium (Delfine, Tiny Tim) size
of blisters (as for 6) large medium (Daniela, Egeris) attitude of
petiole of leaflet in semi-erect horizontal relation to main axis
(as for (Blizzard, Marmande VR) 6) 5. Inflorescence inflorescence
type (2.sup.nd and mainly multiparous mainly uniparous 3.sup.rd
truss) (Marmande VR) type (3.sup.rd inflorescence) simple forked
average number of flowers in 4.3 4.4 inflorescence (3.sup.rd
inflorescence) leafy or "running" occasional occasional
inflorescence (3.sup.rd inflorescence) 6. Flower calyx normal
(lobes awl shaped) normal calyx-lobes approx. equaling corolla
shorter than corolla corolla color yellow yellow style pubescence
absent or very scarce absent or very scarce (Campbell 1327) anthers
all fused into tube all fused into tube fasciation (1.sup.st flower
of 2.sup.nd or absent (Monalbo, absent 3.sup.rd inflorescence)
Moneymaker) color yellow (Marmande VR) yellow 7. Fruit typical
shape in longitudinal heart shaped slightly flattened section
(3.sup.rd fruit of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) shape of
transverse/cross round irregular section (3.sup.rd fruit of
2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) shape of stem end (3.sup.rd fruit of
indented indented 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) shape of blossom
end (3.sup.rd flat to pointed/ indented to flat fruit of 2.sup.nd
or 3.sup.rd cluster) nippled Cal J, Early Mech, Peto Gro) size of
blossom scar medium medium (Alphamech, Apla, Carmello, Floradade)
shape of pistil scar stellate stellate peduncle: abscission layer
present (pedicellate) present (3.sup.rd fruit of 2.sup.nd or
3.sup.rd cluster) (Montfavet H 63.5, Roma) peduncle: length (from
medium short abscission layer to calyx) (Dario, Primosol) ribbing
at peduncle end absent or very weak strong (Calimero, Cerise)
depression at peduncle end weak (Futuria, Melody) medium size of
stem/peduncle scar large (Apla, Campbell large 1327, Carmello,
Fandango, Floradade) point of detachment of fruit at pedicel joint
at pedicel joint at harvest length of dedicel (3.sup.rd fruit of
17.4 mm 12 mm 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) length of mature fruit
(stem 65.6 mm 61.5 mm axis; 3.sup.rd fruit of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd
cluster) diameter of fruit at widest 65.6 mm 68.4 mm point
(3.sup.rd fruit of 2.sup.nd or 3.sup.rd cluster) weight of mature
fruit (3.sup.rd 148.5 grams 188.1 grams fruit of 2.sup.nd or
3.sup.rd cluster) size medium large (Alphamech, Diego) ratio
length/diameter medium large (Early Mech, Peto Gro) core present
coreless size of core in cross section medium (in relation to total
diameter) (Montfavet H 63.4, Montfavet H 63.5) number of locules 4,
5 or 6 more than 6 (Raissa, Tradiro) surface smooth smooth base
color (mature-green apple or medium green yellow green stage)
(Heinz 1439 VF) pattern (mature-green stage) uniform green uniform
green green shoulder (before absent absent maturity) (Felicia, Rio
Grande, Trust) intensity of green color of medium (Rody) light
fruit (as for 34) color at maturity (full-ripe) red red (Ferline,
Daniela, Montfavet H 63.5) color of flesh at maturity red/crimson
(Ferline, red/crimson (full-ripe) Saint-Pierre) flesh color with
lighter and darker uniform areas in walls locular gel color of
table-ripe red red fruit firmness medium (Cristina) soft shelf life
medium (Durinta) short time of flowering early (Feria, Primabel)
medium time of maturity medium early (Montfavet H 63.5) ripening
(blossom-to-stem blossom-to-stem end uniform axis) ripening
(peripheral to uniformity uniformity central radial axis) epidermis
color yellow yellow epidermis normal normal epidermis texture
average average thickness of pericarp medium thin (Carmello,
Europeel, Floradade, Heinz 1706, Montfavet H 63.5) dry matter
content (at low (Bonset) medium maturity) sensitivity to silvering
insensitive (Marathon, insensitive Sano) 8. Chemistry and
Composition of Full-Ripe Fruits pH 4.34 4.29 titratable acidity, as
% citric 0.341 0.458 total solids (dry matter, seeds 5.77 6.29 and
skin removed) soluble Solids as .degree. Brix 5.18 5.49 9.
Phenology seeding to 50% flow (1 open 55 59 on 50% of plants)
seeding to once over harvest 138 125 fruiting season medium
(Westover) short, concentrated relative maturity in areas medium
early tested 10. Adaptation culture field field principle use(s)
home garden, fresh home garden, fresh market market machine harvest
not adapted not adapted regions to which adaptation California:
Sacramento has been demonstrated and Upper San Joaquin *These are
typical values. Values may vary due to environment. Other values
that are substantially equivalent are also within the scope of the
invention.
C. Breeding Tomato Plants
[0058] One aspect of the current invention concerns methods for
producing seed of tomato hybrid SV2794TD involving crossing tomato
lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166. Alternatively, in other
embodiments of the invention, hybrid SV2794TD, line FDR-9Q10177, or
line FDR-9Q09166 may be crossed with itself or with any second
plant. Such methods can be used for propagation of hybrid SV2794TD
and/or the tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166, or can be used
to produce plants that are derived from hybrid SV2794TD and/or the
tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166. Plants derived from
hybrid SV2794TD and/or the tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166
may be used, in certain embodiments, for the development of new
tomato varieties.
[0059] The development of new varieties using one or more starting
varieties is well known in the art. In accordance with the
invention, novel varieties may be created by crossing hybrid
SV2794TD followed by multiple generations of breeding according to
such well known methods. New varieties may be created by crossing
with any second plant. In selecting such a second plant to cross
for the purpose of developing novel lines, it may be desired to
choose those plants which either themselves exhibit one or more
selected desirable characteristics or which exhibit the desired
characteristic(s) when in hybrid combination. Once initial crosses
have been made, inbreeding and selection take place to produce new
varieties. For development of a uniform line, often five or more
generations of selfing and selection are involved.
[0060] Uniform lines of new varieties may also be developed by way
of double-haploids. This technique allows the creation of true
breeding lines without the need for multiple generations of selfing
and selection. In this manner true breeding lines can be produced
in as little as one generation. Haploid embryos may be produced
from microspores, pollen, anther cultures, or ovary cultures. The
haploid embryos may then be doubled autonomously, or by chemical
treatments (e.g. colchicine treatment). Alternatively, haploid
embryos may be grown into haploid plants and treated to induce
chromosome doubling. In either case, fertile homozygous plants are
obtained. In accordance with the invention, any of such techniques
may be used in connection with a plant of the invention and progeny
thereof to achieve a homozygous line.
[0061] Backcrossing can also be used to improve an inbred plant.
Backcrossing transfers a specific desirable trait from one inbred
or non-inbred source to an inbred that lacks that trait. This can
be accomplished, for example, by first crossing a superior inbred
(A) (recurrent parent) to a donor inbred (non-recurrent parent),
which carries the appropriate locus or loci for the trait in
question. The progeny of this cross are then mated back to the
superior recurrent parent (A) followed by selection in the
resultant progeny for the desired trait to be transferred from the
non-recurrent parent. After five or more backcross generations with
selection for the desired trait, the progeny have the
characteristic being transferred, but are like the superior parent
for most or almost all other loci. The last backcross generation
would be selfed to give pure breeding progeny for the trait being
transferred.
[0062] The plants of the present invention are particularly well
suited for the development of new lines based on the elite nature
of the genetic background of the plants. In selecting a second
plant to cross with SV2794TD and/or tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and
FDR-9Q09166 for the purpose of developing novel tomato lines, it
will typically be preferred to choose those plants which either
themselves exhibit one or more selected desirable characteristics
or which exhibit the desired characteristic(s) when in hybrid
combination. Examples of desirable traits may include, in specific
embodiments, high seed yield, high seed germination, seedling
vigor, high fruit yield, disease tolerance or resistance, and
adaptability for soil and climate conditions. Consumer-driven
traits, such as a fruit shape, color, texture, and taste are other
examples of traits that may be incorporated into new lines of
tomato plants developed by this invention.
D. Performance Characteristics
[0063] As described above, hybrid SV2794TD exhibits desirable
traits, as conferred by tomato lines FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166.
The performance characteristics of hybrid SV2794TD and tomato lines
FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166 were the subject of an objective
analysis of the performance traits relative to other varieties.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Performance data of hybrid SV2794TD and
Comparative Varieties Variety-6 Plant Weight of Extra Number of
Average COMBINED Harvest Average Large Fruit Extra Large Weight
REGION GROWER HARVESTS across 3 reps (KG) Fruit (KG) SOUTHEAST FLA
1 3 SANIBEL 27.93 125.67 0.22 SOUTHEAST FLA 1 3 SV2794TD 30.38
139.17 0.22 SOUTHEAST FLA 2 2 SANIBEL 23.43 109.33 0.21 SOUTHEAST
FLA 2 2 SV2794TD 24.33 108.67 0.22 SOUTHWEST FLA 3 1 Crown Jewel
15.87 69.33 0.23 SOUTHWEST FLA 3 1 SV2794TD 19.70 84.00 0.23
SOUTHWEST FLA 4 1 Crown Jewel 10.67 43.67 0.24 SOUTHWEST FLA 4 1
SV2794TD 22.17 88.00 0.25 SOUTHWEST FLA 5 1 BHN730 6.53 32.00 0.20
SOUTHWEST FLA 5 1 SV2794TD 8.10 38.00 0.21 SOUTHWEST FLA 6 1 BHN730
12.37 54.67 0.23 SOUTHWEST FLA 6 1 SV2794TD 9.13 43.00 0.21
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Performance data of hybrid SV2794TD and
Comparative Varieties Variety-Key Disease Resistance For Fol3
Ma/Mi/Mj TSWV SV2794TD RES RES SUS RES SANIBEL SUS SUS RES SUS
Crown Jewel RES SUS SUS SUS BHN730 RES SUS SUS SUS
E. Further Embodiments of the Invention
[0064] In certain aspects of the invention, plants described herein
are provided modified to include at least a first desired heritable
trait. Such plants may, in one embodiment, be developed by a plant
breeding technique called backcrossing, wherein essentially all of
the morphological and physiological characteristics of a variety
are recovered in addition to a genetic locus transferred into the
plant via the backcrossing technique. The term single locus
converted plant as used herein refers to those tomato plants which
are developed by a plant breeding technique called backcrossing,
wherein essentially all of the morphological and physiological
characteristics of a variety are recovered in addition to the
single locus transferred into the variety via the backcrossing
technique. By essentially all of the morphological and
physiological characteristics, it is meant that the characteristics
of a plant are recovered that are otherwise present when compared
in the same environment, other than an occasional variant trait
that might arise during backcrossing or direct introduction of a
transgene.
[0065] Backcrossing methods can be used with the present invention
to improve or introduce a characteristic into the present variety.
The parental tomato plant which contributes the locus for the
desired characteristic is termed the nonrecurrent or donor parent.
This terminology refers to the fact that the nonrecurrent parent is
used one time in the backcross protocol and therefore does not
recur. The parental tomato plant to which the locus or loci from
the nonrecurrent parent are transferred is known as the recurrent
parent as it is used for several rounds in the backcrossing
protocol.
[0066] In a typical backcross protocol, the original variety of
interest (recurrent parent) is crossed to a second variety
(nonrecurrent parent) that carries the single locus of interest to
be transferred. The resulting progeny from this cross are then
crossed again to the recurrent parent and the process is repeated
until a tomato plant is obtained wherein essentially all of the
morphological and physiological characteristics of the recurrent
parent are recovered in the converted plant, in addition to the
single transferred locus from the nonrecurrent parent.
[0067] The selection of a suitable recurrent parent is an important
step for a successful backcrossing procedure. The goal of a
backcross protocol is to alter or substitute a single trait or
characteristic in the original variety. To accomplish this, a
single locus of the recurrent variety is modified or substituted
with the desired locus from the nonrecurrent parent, while
retaining essentially all of the rest of the desired genetic, and
therefore the desired physiological and morphological constitution
of the original variety. The choice of the particular nonrecurrent
parent will depend on the purpose of the backcross; one of the
major purposes is to add some commercially desirable trait to the
plant. The exact backcrossing protocol will depend on the
characteristic or trait being altered and the genetic distance
between the recurrent and nonrecurrent parents. Although
backcrossing methods are simplified when the characteristic being
transferred is a dominant allele, a recessive allele, or an
additive allele (between recessive and dominant), may also be
transferred. In this instance it may be necessary to introduce a
test of the progeny to determine if the desired characteristic has
been successfully transferred.
[0068] In one embodiment, progeny tomato plants of a backcross in
which a plant described herein is the recurrent parent comprise (i)
the desired trait from the non-recurrent parent and (ii) all of the
physiological and morphological characteristics of tomato the
recurrent parent as determined at the 5% significance level when
grown in the same environmental conditions.
[0069] New varieties can also be developed from more than two
parents. The technique, known as modified backcrossing, uses
different recurrent parents during the backcrossing. Modified
backcrossing may be used to replace the original recurrent parent
with a variety having certain more desirable characteristics or
multiple parents may be used to obtain different desirable
characteristics from each.
[0070] With the development of molecular markers associated with
particular traits, it is possible to add additional traits into an
established germ line, such as represented here, with the end
result being substantially the same base germplasm with the
addition of a new trait or traits. Molecular breeding, as described
in Moose and Mumm, 2008 (Plant Physiology, 147: 969-977), for
example, and elsewhere, provides a mechanism for integrating single
or multiple traits or QTL into an elite line. This molecular
breeding-facilitated movement of a trait or traits into an elite
line may encompass incorporation of a particular genomic fragment
associated with a particular trait of interest into the elite line
by the mechanism of identification of the integrated genomic
fragment with the use of flanking or associated marker assays. In
the embodiment represented here, one, two, three or four genomic
loci, for example, may be integrated into an elite line via this
methodology. When this elite line containing the additional loci is
further crossed with another parental elite line to produce hybrid
offspring, it is possible to then incorporate at least eight
separate additional loci into the hybrid. These additional loci may
confer, for example, such traits as a disease resistance or a fruit
quality trait. In one embodiment, each locus may confer a separate
trait. In another embodiment, loci may need to be homozygous and
exist in each parent line to confer a trait in the hybrid. In yet
another embodiment, multiple loci may be combined to confer a
single robust phenotype of a desired trait.
[0071] Many single locus traits have been identified that are not
regularly selected for in the development of a new inbred but that
can be improved by backcrossing techniques. Single locus traits may
or may not be transgenic; examples of these traits include, but are
not limited to, herbicide resistance, resistance to bacterial,
fungal, or viral disease, insect resistance, modified fatty acid or
carbohydrate metabolism, and altered nutritional quality. These
comprise genes generally inherited through the nucleus.
[0072] Direct selection may be applied where the single locus acts
as a dominant trait. For this selection process, the progeny of the
initial cross are assayed for viral resistance and/or the presence
of the corresponding gene prior to the backcrossing. Selection
eliminates any plants that do not have the desired gene and
resistance trait, and only those plants that have the trait are
used in the subsequent backcross. This process is then repeated for
all additional backcross generations.
[0073] Selection of tomato plants for breeding is not necessarily
dependent on the phenotype of a plant and instead can be based on
genetic investigations. For example, one can utilize a suitable
genetic marker which is closely genetically linked to a trait of
interest. One of these markers can be used to identify the presence
or absence of a trait in the offspring of a particular cross, and
can be used in selection of progeny for continued breeding. This
technique is commonly referred to as marker assisted selection. Any
other type of genetic marker or other assay which is able to
identify the relative presence or absence of a trait of interest in
a plant can also be useful for breeding purposes. Procedures for
marker assisted selection are well known in the art. Such methods
will be of particular utility in the case of recessive traits and
variable phenotypes, or where conventional assays may be more
expensive, time consuming or otherwise disadvantageous. Types of
genetic markers which could be used in accordance with the
invention include, but are not necessarily limited to, Simple
Sequence Length Polymorphisms (SSLPs) (Williams et al., Nucleic
Acids Res., 1 8:6531-6535, 1990), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic
DNAs (RAPDs), DNA Amplification Fingerprinting (DAF), Sequence
Characterized Amplified Regions (SCARs), Arbitrary Primed
Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR), Amplified Fragment Length
Polymorphisms (AFLPs) (EP 534 858, specifically incorporated herein
by reference in its entirety), and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
(SNPs) (Wang et al., Science, 280:1077-1082, 1998).
F. Plants Derived by Genetic Engineering
[0074] Many useful traits that can be introduced by backcrossing,
as well as directly into a plant, are those which are introduced by
genetic transformation techniques. Genetic transformation may
therefore be used to insert a selected transgene into a plant of
the invention or may, alternatively, be used for the preparation of
transgenes which can be introduced by backcrossing. Methods for the
transformation of plants that are well known to those of skill in
the art and applicable to many crop species include, but are not
limited to, electroporation, microprojectile bombardment,
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and direct DNA uptake by
protoplasts.
[0075] To effect transformation by electroporation, one may employ
either friable tissues, such as a suspension culture of cells or
embryogenic callus or alternatively one may transform immature
embryos or other organized tissue directly. In this technique, one
would partially degrade the cell walls of the chosen cells by
exposing them to pectin-degrading enzymes (pectolyases) or
mechanically wound tissues in a controlled manner.
[0076] An efficient method for delivering transforming DNA segments
to plant cells is microprojectile bombardment. In this method,
particles are coated with nucleic acids and delivered into cells by
a propelling force. Exemplary particles include those comprised of
tungsten, platinum, and preferably, gold. For the bombardment,
cells in suspension are concentrated on filters or solid culture
medium. Alternatively, immature embryos or other target cells may
be arranged on solid culture medium. The cells to be bombarded are
positioned at an appropriate distance below the macroprojectile
stopping plate.
[0077] An illustrative embodiment of a method for delivering DNA
into plant cells by acceleration is the Biolistics Particle
Delivery System, which can be used to propel particles coated with
DNA or cells through a screen, such as a stainless steel or Nytex
screen, onto a surface covered with target cells. The screen
disperses the particles so that they are not delivered to the
recipient cells in large aggregates. Microprojectile bombardment
techniques are widely applicable, and may be used to transform
virtually any plant species.
[0078] Agrobacterium-mediated transfer is another widely applicable
system for introducing gene loci into plant cells. An advantage of
the technique is that DNA can be introduced into whole plant
tissues, thereby bypassing the need for regeneration of an intact
plant from a protoplast. Modern Agrobacterium transformation
vectors are capable of replication in E. coli as well as
Agrobacterium, allowing for convenient manipulations (Klee et al.,
Bio-Technology, 3(7):637-642, 1985). Moreover, recent technological
advances in vectors for Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer have
improved the arrangement of genes and restriction sites in the
vectors to facilitate the construction of vectors capable of
expressing various polypeptide coding genes. The vectors described
have convenient multi-linker regions flanked by a promoter and a
polyadenylation site for direct expression of inserted polypeptide
coding genes. Additionally, Agrobacterium containing both armed and
disarmed Ti genes can be used for transformation.
[0079] In those plant strains where Agrobacterium-mediated
transformation is efficient, it is the method of choice because of
the facile and defined nature of the gene locus transfer. The use
of Agrobacterium-mediated plant integrating vectors to introduce
DNA into plant cells is well known in the art (Fraley et al.,
Bio/Technology, 3:629-635, 1985; U.S. Pat. No. 5,563,055).
[0080] Transformation of plant protoplasts also can be achieved
using methods based on calcium phosphate precipitation,
polyethylene glycol treatment, electroporation, and combinations of
these treatments (see, e.g., Potrykus et al., Mol. Gen. Genet.,
199:183-188, 1985; Omirulleh et al., Plant Mol. Biol.,
21(3):415-428, 1993; Fromm et al., Nature, 312:791-793, 1986;
Uchimiya et al., Mol. Gen. Genet., 204:204, 1986; Marcotte et al.,
Nature, 335:454, 1988). Transformation of plants and expression of
foreign genetic elements is exemplified in Choi et al. (Plant Cell
Rep., 13: 344-348, 1994), and Ellul et al. (Theor. Appl. Genet.,
107:462-469, 2003).
[0081] A number of promoters have utility for plant gene expression
for any gene of interest including but not limited to selectable
markers, scoreable markers, genes for pest tolerance, disease
resistance, nutritional enhancements and any other gene of
agronomic interest. Examples of constitutive promoters useful for
plant gene expression include, but are not limited to, the
cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) P-35S promoter, which confers
constitutive, high-level expression in most plant tissues (see,
e.g., Odel et al., Nature, 313:810, 1985), including in monocots
(see, e.g., Dekeyser et al., Plant Cell, 2:591, 1990; Terada and
Shimamoto, Mol. Gen. Genet., 220:389, 1990); a tandemly duplicated
version of the CaMV 35S promoter, the enhanced 35S promoter
(P-e35S); 1 the nopaline synthase promoter (An et al., Plant
Physiol., 88:547, 1988); the octopine synthase promoter (Fromm et
al., Plant Cell, 1:977, 1989); and the figwort mosaic virus (P-FMV)
promoter as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,619 and an enhanced
version of the FMV promoter (P-eFMV) where the promoter sequence of
P-FMV is duplicated in tandem; the cauliflower mosaic virus 19S
promoter; a sugarcane bacilliform virus promoter; a commelina
yellow mottle virus promoter; and other plant DNA virus promoters
known to express in plant cells.
[0082] A variety of plant gene promoters that are regulated in
response to environmental, hormonal, chemical, and/or developmental
signals can also be used for expression of an operably linked gene
in plant cells, including promoters regulated by (1) heat (Callis
et al., Plant Physiol., 88:965, 1988), (2) light (e.g., pea rbcS-3A
promoter, Kuhlemeier et al., Plant Cell, 1:471, 1989; maize rbcS
promoter, Schaffner and Sheen, Plant Cell, 3:997, 1991; or
chlorophyll a/b-binding protein promoter, Simpson et al., EMBO J.,
4:2723, 1985), (3) hormones, such as abscisic acid (Marcotte et
al., Plant Cell, 1:969, 1989), (4) wounding (e.g., wunl, Siebertz
et al., Plant Cell, 1:961, 1989); or (5) chemicals such as methyl
jasmonate, salicylic acid, or Safener. It may also be advantageous
to employ organ-specific promoters (e.g., Roshal et al., EMBO J.,
6:1155, 1987; Schernthaner et al., EMBO J., 7:1249, 1988; Bustos et
al., Plant Cell, 1:839, 1989).
[0083] Exemplary nucleic acids which may be introduced to plants of
this invention include, for example, DNA sequences or genes from
another species, or even genes or sequences which originate with or
are present in the same species, but are incorporated into
recipient cells by genetic engineering methods rather than
classical reproduction or breeding techniques. However, the term
"exogenous" is also intended to refer to genes that are not
normally present in the cell being transformed, or perhaps simply
not present in the form, structure, etc., as found in the
transforming DNA segment or gene, or genes which are normally
present and that one desires to express in a manner that differs
from the natural expression pattern, e.g., to over-express. Thus,
the term "exogenous" gene or DNA is intended to refer to any gene
or DNA segment that is introduced into a recipient cell, regardless
of whether a similar gene may already be present in such a cell.
The type of DNA included in the exogenous DNA can include DNA which
is already present in the plant cell, DNA from another plant, DNA
from a different organism, or a DNA generated externally, such as a
DNA sequence containing an antisense message of a gene, or a DNA
sequence encoding a synthetic or modified version of a gene.
[0084] Many hundreds if not thousands of different genes are known
and could potentially be introduced into a tomato plant according
to the invention. Non-limiting examples of particular genes and
corresponding phenotypes one may choose to introduce into a tomato
plant include one or more genes for insect tolerance, such as a
Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) gene, pest tolerance such as genes
for fungal disease control, herbicide tolerance such as genes
conferring glyphosate tolerance, and genes for quality improvements
such as yield, nutritional enhancements, environmental or stress
tolerances, or any desirable changes in plant physiology, growth,
development, morphology or plant product(s). For example,
structural genes would include any gene that confers insect
tolerance including but not limited to a Bacillus insect control
protein gene as described in WO 99/31248, herein incorporated by
reference in its entirety, U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,052, herein
incorporated by reference in its entirety, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,500,365
and 5,880,275, herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
In another embodiment, the structural gene can confer tolerance to
the herbicide glyphosate as conferred by genes including, but not
limited to Agrobacterium strain CP4 glyphosate resistant EPSPS gene
(aroA:CP4) as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,633,435, herein
incorporated by reference in its entirety, or glyphosate
oxidoreductase gene (GOX) as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,463,175,
herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0085] Alternatively, the DNA coding sequences can affect these
phenotypes by encoding a non-translatable RNA molecule that causes
the targeted inhibition of expression of an endogenous gene, for
example via antisense- or cosuppression-mediated mechanisms (see,
for example, Bird et al., Biotech. Gen. Engin. Rev., 9:207, 1991).
The RNA could also be a catalytic RNA molecule (i.e., a ribozyme)
engineered to cleave a desired endogenous mRNA product (see for
example, Gibson and Shillito, Mol. Biotech., 7:125, 1997). Thus,
any gene which produces a protein or mRNA which expresses a
phenotype or morphology change of interest is useful for the
practice of the present invention.
G. Definitions
[0086] In the description and tables herein, a number of terms are
used. In order to provide a clear and consistent understanding of
the specification and claims, the following definitions are
provided:
[0087] Allele: Any of one or more alternative forms of a gene
locus, all of which alleles relate to one trait or characteristic.
In a diploid cell or organism, the two alleles of a given gene
occupy corresponding loci on a pair of homologous chromosomes.
[0088] Backcrossing: A process in which a breeder repeatedly
crosses hybrid progeny, for example a first generation hybrid
(F.sub.1), back to one of the parents of the hybrid progeny.
Backcrossing can be used to introduce one or more single locus
conversions from one genetic background into another.
[0089] Crossing: The mating of two parent plants.
[0090] Cross-pollination: Fertilization by the union of two gametes
from different plants.
[0091] Diploid: A cell or organism having two sets of
chromosomes.
[0092] Emasculate: The removal of plant male sex organs or the
inactivation of the organs with a cytoplasmic or nuclear genetic
factor or a chemical agent conferring male sterility.
[0093] Enzymes: Molecules which can act as catalysts in biological
reactions.
[0094] F.sub.1 Hybrid: The first generation progeny of the cross of
two nonisogenic plants.
[0095] Genotype: The genetic constitution of a cell or
organism.
[0096] Haploid: A cell or organism having one set of the two sets
of chromosomes in a diploid.
[0097] Linkage: A phenomenon wherein alleles on the same chromosome
tend to segregate together more often than expected by chance if
their transmission was independent.
[0098] Marker: A readily detectable phenotype, preferably inherited
in codominant fashion (both alleles at a locus in a diploid
heterozygote are readily detectable), with no environmental
variance component, i.e., heritability of 1.
[0099] Phenotype: The detectable characteristics of a cell or
organism, which characteristics are the manifestation of gene
expression.
[0100] Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL): Quantitative trait loci (QTL)
refer to genetic loci that control to some degree numerically
representable traits that are usually continuously distributed.
[0101] Resistance: As used herein, the terms "resistance" and
"tolerance" are used interchangeably to describe plants that show
no symptoms to a specified biotic pest, pathogen, abiotic influence
or environmental condition. These terms are also used to describe
plants showing some symptoms but that are still able to produce
marketable product with an acceptable yield. Some plants that are
referred to as resistant or tolerant are only so in the sense that
they may still produce a crop, even though the plants are stunted
and the yield is reduced.
[0102] Regeneration: The development of a plant from tissue
culture.
[0103] Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) color chart value: The RHS
color chart is a standardized reference which allows accurate
identification of any color. A color's designation on the chart
describes its hue, brightness and saturation. A color is precisely
named by the RHS color chart by identifying the group name, sheet
number and letter, e.g., Yellow-Orange Group 19A or Red Group
41B.
[0104] Self-pollination: The transfer of pollen from the anther to
the stigma of the same plant.
[0105] Single Locus Converted (Conversion) Plant: Plants which are
developed by a plant breeding technique called backcrossing,
wherein essentially all of the morphological and physiological
characteristics of a tomato variety are recovered in addition to
the characteristics of the single locus transferred into the
variety via the backcrossing technique and/or by genetic
transformation.
[0106] Substantially Equivalent: A characteristic that, when
compared, does not show a statistically significant difference
(e.g., p=0.05) from the mean.
[0107] Tissue Culture: A composition comprising isolated cells of
the same or a different type or a collection of such cells
organized into parts of a plant.
[0108] Transgene: A genetic locus comprising a sequence which has
been introduced into the genome of a tomato plant by
transformation.
H. Deposit Information
[0109] A deposit of tomato hybrid SV2794TD and inbred parent lines
FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166, disclosed above and recited in the
claims, has been made with the American Type Culture Collection
(ATCC), 10801 University Blvd., Manassas, Va. 20110-2209. The date
of deposits was Sep. 16, 2013. The accession numbers for those
deposited seeds of tomato hybrid SV2794TD and inbred parent lines
FDR-9Q10177 and FDR-9Q09166 are ATCC Accession No. PTA-120593, ATCC
Accession No. PTA-120594, and ATCC Accession No. PTA-120591,
respectively. Upon issuance of a patent, all restrictions upon the
deposits will be removed, and the deposits are intended to meet all
of the requirements of 37 C.F.R. .sctn.1.801-1.809. The deposits
will be maintained in the depository for a period of 30 years, or 5
years after the last request, or for the effective life of the
patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced if necessary
during that period.
[0110] Although the foregoing invention has been described in some
detail by way of illustration and example for purposes of clarity
and understanding, it will be obvious that certain changes and
modifications may be practiced within the scope of the invention,
as limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
[0111] All references cited herein are hereby expressly
incorporated herein by reference.
* * * * *