U.S. patent application number 14/076746 was filed with the patent office on 2015-04-30 for extruded body component with notched flange to reduce strain in bending.
This patent application is currently assigned to Ford Global Technologies, LLC. The applicant listed for this patent is Ford Global Technologies, LLC. Invention is credited to John Joyce, Darrin Neil Wagner.
Application Number | 20150115662 14/076746 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 52010939 |
Filed Date | 2015-04-30 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150115662 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Joyce; John ; et
al. |
April 30, 2015 |
EXTRUDED BODY COMPONENT WITH NOTCHED FLANGE TO REDUCE STRAIN IN
BENDING
Abstract
A vehicular system is provided with a substantially hollow
member having a long axis, a short axis, and an outer surface
substantially parallel to the long axis. The outer surface includes
a plurality of notched elements configured to reduce strain from
bending the member in the direction of the short axis, e.g., by a
stretch bending process. The hollow member may also include an
outer surface that is curved substantially in the direction of the
short axis. A method of making the vehicular assembly includes the
steps: providing a substantially hollow member having a long axis,
a short axis, and an outer surface substantially parallel to the
long axis; cutting a plurality of notched elements into the outer
surface; and bending the member such that the portion of the outer
surface in proximity to the notched elements is in tension and
curved in the short axis direction.
Inventors: |
Joyce; John; (Ypsilanti,
MI) ; Wagner; Darrin Neil; (Bloomfield Hills,
MI) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Ford Global Technologies, LLC |
Dearborn |
MI |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Ford Global Technologies,
LLC
Dearborn
MI
|
Family ID: |
52010939 |
Appl. No.: |
14/076746 |
Filed: |
November 11, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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14062510 |
Oct 24, 2013 |
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14076746 |
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14062568 |
Oct 24, 2013 |
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14062510 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
296/193.12 ;
296/193.01; 72/339 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B21D 19/00 20130101;
Y10T 29/49622 20150115; B21D 53/88 20130101; B21D 11/02 20130101;
B62D 25/06 20130101; B62D 29/008 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
296/193.12 ;
296/193.01; 72/339 |
International
Class: |
B62D 25/06 20060101
B62D025/06 |
Claims
1. A vehicular subassembly, comprising: a substantially hollow
member having a long axis, a short axis, and an outer surface
substantially parallel to the long axis, wherein the outer surface
includes a plurality of notched elements configured to reduce
strain from bending the member in the direction of the short
axis.
2. The vehicular subassembly of claim 1, wherein the hollow member
further comprises a quadrilateral cross-section.
3. The vehicular subassembly of claim 1, wherein the hollow member
further comprises a substantially oval-shaped cross-section.
4. The vehicular subassembly of claim 1, wherein the hollow member
is a vehicular body component.
5. The vehicular subassembly of claim 4, wherein the vehicular body
component is a roof header.
6. The vehicular subassembly of claim 5, wherein the outer surface
includes a tongue element and the plurality of notched elements are
configured on the tongue element.
7. The vehicular subassembly of claim 5, wherein the roof header
comprises an aluminum alloy.
8. A vehicular subassembly, comprising: a roof header comprising a
substantially hollow member having a long axis, a short axis, and
an outer surface that is curved substantially from a stretch
bending process in the direction of the short axis, wherein the
outer surface is substantially in tension, and further wherein the
outer surface includes a tongue element and a plurality of notched
elements configured on the element to reduce strain from the
stretch bending process.
9. The vehicular subassembly of claim 8, wherein the hollow member
further comprises a quadrilateral cross-section.
10. The vehicular subassembly of claim 8, wherein the hollow member
further comprises a substantially oval-shaped cross-section.
11. (canceled)
12. (canceled)
13. (canceled)
14. The vehicular subassembly of claim 8, wherein the hollow member
comprises an aluminum alloy.
15. A method of making a vehicular subassembly, comprising the
steps: providing a substantially hollow member having a long axis,
a short axis, and an outer surface substantially parallel to the
long axis; cutting a plurality of notched elements into the outer
surface; and bending the member such that the portion of the outer
surface in proximity to the notched elements is in tension and
curved in the short axis direction.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the hollow member further
comprises a quadrilateral cross-section.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the hollow member is a
vehicular roof header.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the step for cutting the
plurality of notched elements into the outer surface comprises a
stamping process.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the step for providing the
substantially hollow member comprises an extrusion process.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the step for bending the member
comprises a stretch bending process.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 14/062,510, filed on Oct. 24, 2013, entitled
"HEADER BEAM OF A VEHICLE FRAME AND METHOD OF FORMING THE SAME,"
and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/062,568, filed on Oct. 24,
2013, entitled "HEADER BEAM OF A VEHICLE FRAME AND METHOD OF
FORMING THE SAME." The aforementioned related applications are
hereby incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention generally relates to vehicular
subassemblies and body components suitable for bending processes,
particularly hollow roof header members amenable to stretch bending
manufacturing processes.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Bending, stamping, stretch bending and other metal forming
processes are used in the vehicle industry to shape precursor
components into final or near-final component shapes. Often, these
processes produce significant strain in precursor components
fabricated from metals and metal alloys, e.g., hollow body members.
As such, the precursor components should be designed to accommodate
the strain associated with final manufacturing processes, and the
engineering considerations associated with the particular final
component in service. There is therefore a need to develop design
features and processes in consideration of these strain-inducing
manufacturing technologies, particularly as employed for hollow
vehicle members.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a
vehicular subassembly is provided.
[0005] The vehicular subassembly includes a substantially hollow
member having a long axis, a short axis, and an outer surface
substantially parallel to the long axis. The outer surface includes
a plurality of notched elements configured to reduce strain from
bending the member in the direction of the short axis.
[0006] According to another aspect of the present invention, a
vehicular subassembly is provided. The vehicular subassembly
includes a substantially hollow member having a long axis, a short
axis, and an outer surface that is curved substantially in the
direction of the short axis. The outer surface is substantially in
tension and curved from a stretch bending process. In addition, the
outer surface includes a plurality of notched elements configured
to reduce strain from the stretch bending process.
[0007] According to a further aspect of the present invention, a
method of making a vehicular assembly is provided. The method
includes the steps: providing a substantially hollow member having
a long axis, a short axis, and an outer surface substantially
parallel to the long axis; cutting a plurality of notched elements
into the outer surface; and bending the member such that the
portion of the outer surface in proximity to the notched elements
is in tension and curved in the short axis direction.
[0008] These and other aspects, objects, and features of the
present invention will be understood and appreciated by those
skilled in the art upon studying the following specification,
claims, and appended drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] In the drawings:
[0010] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle containing a roof
header assembly with notched elements configured to reduce bending
strain according to one embodiment;
[0011] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the roof header assembly
with notched elements depicted in FIG. 1;
[0012] FIG. 2A is a cut-away, enlarged view of a roof header
assembly with notched elements beneath a roof element as depicted
in FIG. 1;
[0013] FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the roof header
assembly with notched elements depicted in FIG. 1;
[0014] FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of a roof header assembly
with notched elements and a substantially oval-shaped cross-section
according to another embodiment; and
[0015] FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a method of forming a roof
header assembly according to a further embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0016] As required, detailed embodiments of the present invention
are disclosed herein; however, it is to be understood that the
disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention that
may be embodied in various and alternative forms. The figures are
not necessarily to a detailed design; some schematics may be
exaggerated or minimized to show function overview. Therefore,
specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not
to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis
for teaching one with ordinary skill in the art to variously employ
the present invention.
[0017] For purposes of description herein, the terms "upper,"
"lower," "right," "left," "rear," "front," "vertical,"
"horizontal," and derivatives thereof shall relate to the vehicle
and components illustrated in FIG. 1. However, it is to be
understood that the invention may assume various alternative
orientations, except where expressly specified to the contrary. It
is also to be understood that the specific devices and processes
illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the
following specification are simply exemplary embodiments of the
inventive concepts defined in the appended claims. Hence, specific
dimensions and other physical characteristics relating to the
embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered as limiting,
unless the claims expressly state otherwise.
[0018] Referring to FIG. 1, reference numeral 100 generally
designates a roof header for the roof element 50 of a vehicle 10.
The roof header 100 is typically a substantially hollow member,
configured to support a front portion of roof element 50. The roof
header 100 may be fabricated from any materials capable of being
manufactured through bending, flexing and stretch bending
processes. Preferably, roof header 100 is fabricated from an
aluminum alloy, such as a 6000 series extruded aluminum alloy. For
example, header 100 can be fabricated from a 6082-T4 extruded
alloy, tempered to a T6 condition after fabrication.
[0019] As shown in FIGS. 2, 2A, the roof header 100 includes a long
axis 80, short axis 90 and an outer surface 120 substantially
parallel to the long axis 80. The outer surface 120 may include
notched elements 110 (see also FIG. 1), each configured to reduce
strain associated with bending forces 95 applied to the header 100
in the direction of the short axis 90. It should be understood that
additional bending forces (not shown) may also be applied to header
100 in other directions. For example, additional bending forces
could be applied to the header 100 in the thickness direction,
resulting in curvature on the upper-most surface 122 of the header
100. Such curvature could be employed to accommodate a like-curved
roof element 50 above the upper-most surface 122.
[0020] The outer surface 120 may also include a flange 136,
configured with the notched elements 110 as shown in FIGS. 2, 2A.
Flange 136 may be a tongue-like feature that emanates from the body
of the roof header 100 in the direction of the short axis 90. The
flange 136 can serve to provide additional support for a frontal
edge of roof element 50 (see FIGS. 1, 2A), particularly for designs
of vehicle 10 having a roof element 50 with a feature that extends
into the windshield region.
[0021] The notched elements 110 depicted in FIGS. 2, 2A may have a
variety of shapes, provided that the selected shape reduces strain
in the roof header 100 when the header 100 is subjected to a
process that applies a bending force 95 generally in the direction
of the short axis 90. The notched elements 110 have the effect of
reducing the width of the header 100 in the direction of the short
axis 90 at the location of the notches. Bending strains associated
with bending forces 95, particularly on the outer surface 120 of
the header 100, decrease as a function of decreasing width of the
header 100.
[0022] As also shown in FIGS. 2, 2A, the notched elements 110 can
be arranged symmetrically on either side of the centerline 60 along
the long axis 80 of the roof header 100. In particular, two notched
elements 110, spaced equally apart, are located on one side of the
centerline 60 and two notched elements 110 are located on the other
side of the centerline 60. Other configurations are possible with
one to any number of notched elements 110 on either side of the
centerline 60. The number, location and shape of notched elements
110 can be limited by the length of long axis 80 and the particular
need for strain relief associated with the contemplated stretch
bending, flexing or other part fabrication processes. Preferably,
the notched elements 110 have smooth surfaces and large radii to
reduce the likelihood of any localized stress concentration-related
fatigue effects.
[0023] Referring now to FIG. 3A, a cross-section 102 of the roof
header 100 is depicted that demonstrates that the header 100 is
substantially hollow. In the particular aspect depicted in FIG. 3A,
the cross-section 102 is substantially quadrilateral or, more
preferably, substantially rectangular in shape. Two ribs 106 are
configured within the hollow cavity of header 100 and support the
upper-most surface 122 and lower-most surface 124 of the header
100. The presence of ribs 106 as shown in FIG. 3A, creates three
primary cavities within header 100. Preferably, the ribs 106 are
angled as shown to provide additional support for the upper-most
surface 122 during stretch bending, flexing or other part
fabrication processes used to form the header 100. The angled
nature of ribs 106 also serves to maximize available area on the
central portion 124 that can be used for the attachment of other
components in vehicle 10 (see FIG. 1) to the header 100 (e.g.,
A-pillars, B-pillars, etc.). Again referring to FIG. 3A, one or
more ribs 106 can be configured within header 100 in consideration
of the final design shape of the header 100, support needed for
roof element 50 and support needed for the header 100 during part
forming processes, and other engineering considerations.
[0024] In FIG. 3B, the cross-section 102a of a roof header 100a is
depicted with a substantially oval shape. Roof header 100a is
similar to roof header 100, differing only in its cross-sectional
shape. The oval-shaped cross-section 102a possesses an outer
surface 120 containing notched elements 110 (not shown). Even more
preferably, a flange 136 will be configured to emanate from the
outer surface 120 in a tongue-like shape, with the flange 136
containing the notched elements 110.
[0025] The roof header 100 depicted in FIGS. 1-3B is exemplary of
other types of vehicular subassemblies that can be fabricated
according to other aspects of the present invention. As such, other
vehicular subassemblies can be employed based on the foregoing
teachings in which the subassemblies have a substantially hollow
member, a long axis (e.g., long axis 80), a short axis (e.g., short
axis 90), and an outer surface substantially parallel to the long
axis (e.g., outer surface 120). These other vehicular subassemblies
are further defined such that their outer surface features (e.g.,
outer surface 120) include a plurality of notched elements (e.g.,
notched elements 110) configured to reduce strain associated with
bending the assembly in the direction of the short axis (e.g.,
short axis 90). For example, these subassemblies can include, but
are not limited to, vehicular bumper elements, sun roof header
elements, A-pillars, B-pillars, C-pillars, etc.). In particular,
these subassemblies may be stretch formed, flexed, stamped,
pressed, or otherwise machined in a fashion that can provide
significant strain on some of their features. Given that these
subassemblies experience significant strain associated with their
manufacturing into a final part form, notched elements (e.g.,
notched elements 110) integrated into their surfaces, particularly
surfaces that will be placed in tension from such part-forming
processes, provide significant advantages in terms of strain
reduction.
[0026] Referring now to FIG. 4, a flowchart illustrates one
embodiment of a method of forming 200 for a roof header 100
including steps 210 through 232. At step 210, a continuous beam 212
is extruded from an extrusion die 214. The continuous beam 212 is
cut at a cutting station 216 to form a beam segment 218 with ends
generally perpendicular to the long axis 80 of the beam segment
218. The beam segments 218 are then accumulated in stacks for
transportation. The continuous beam 212 and, therefore, the roof
header 100 of the illustrated embodiment is extruded primarily from
aluminum or an aluminum alloy, although it is understood that
additional and alternative materials may be used to form the roof
header 100. It is also contemplated that the roof header 100, or
portions thereof, may be formed from alternative metals and,
alternatively, may be roll formed, hydroformed, or alternatively
joined, such as by laser or arc welding.
[0027] The beam segments 218, as shown at step 220 of FIG. 4, are
unstacked, measured, and centered on a conveyor, each becoming a
precursor to the final roof header 100 component (see steps 230 and
232). The conveyor feeds the beam segments 218 to a trimming
station, depicted in step 221, where the rear flange 158 of the
roof header 100 that extends continuously along the long axis 80 of
the beam segment 218 is trimmed. More specifically, the rear flange
158 is cut, stamped, or otherwise machined to form an elongated
cutout 159 that defines rearward projections of the rear flange 158
proximate the end portions 132 (see step 222) of the beam segment
218 and, ultimately, header 100.
[0028] As also shown in FIG. 4, at step 222, the end portions 132
of the beam segment 218 are clamped with a bending device 224 that
securely attaches to the end portions 132 of the beam segment 218.
The bending device 224 in the illustrated embodiment has two
clamping units 226 that clamp the end portions 132 equally to
center the beam segment 218 between the two clamping units 226.
[0029] At step 228, the bending device 224 moves the clamping units
226 in generally opposite, rotational directions to generate
bending forces 95 (e.g., rotational forces) that stretch bend the
central portion 124 of the beam segment 218 to produce curvature
128 in the surfaces, including the outer surface 120, of the header
100. For example, the beam segment 218 (i.e., the precursor for
header 100) can be subjected to a stretch bending procedure in a
direction substantially oriented along its short axis 90 (see step
221).
[0030] In some embodiments, the bending device 224 can be
configured to stretch bend the beam segment 218 in three
dimensions, such that the rear flange 158 undergoes some
compression, and the central portion 124 and the outer surface 120
are placed in tension from the process. However, the elongated
cutout 159 in the rear flange 158 significantly reduces compression
in the rear flange 158 to prevent buckling or undesirable curvature
during the stretch bending process. It is understood that in
additional embodiments, the bending device 224 may have one
clamping unit 226 that moves relative to a stationary clamping unit
226 to stretch and bend the beam segment 218 to the desired
curvature in the exterior surfaces of header 100. The clamping
units 226 are released from the beam segment 218 in step 230, and
the end portions 132 of the beam segment 218 remain generally
straight, as previously described.
[0031] Still referring to FIG. 4, at step 232, a press with a
cutting die 233 strikes the front flange 136 of the beam segment
218 with a pattern that provides generally uniform front edges 166
of the front flanges 136 across production of multiple beam
segments 218. More specifically, the front flange 136 is struck to
form the front edge 166 that is parallel to the curvature 128
proximate the end portions 132 of the beam for engaging the
windshield (not shown).
[0032] Still referring to FIG. 4, the cutting die 233 also forms
the series of notched elements 110 on the outer surface 120
comprising the front flange 136 to reduce tension (and relieve
strain) in the front flange 136 caused by the stretch bending
process and to provide points of connection for roof element 50
(not shown). As noted earlier, the notched elements 110 interface
with the roof element 50 (see FIG. 1) to also provide an area to
relieve fluid buildup between the front flange 136 and the roof
element 50, such as during the painting process of the vehicle 10
(see FIGS. 1 and 2A) or from weather-related precipitation.
Further, cutting the notched elements 110 in the front flange 136
also provides a weight savings in the header 100, while not
detrimentally affecting the additional load bearing capacity
offered by the front flange 136 of the header 100. It should be
understood that other procedures besides die cutting may be
employed to form the notched elements 110, including stamping,
laser cutting, water cutting and other machining processes as
readily understood by those with ordinary skill in the art.
[0033] In another alternative embodiment, the aspects of step 232
shown in FIG. 4 related to cutting notched elements 110 from front
flange 136 are conducted in step 221. In this alternative procedure
according to method 200, step 232 is deleted. Otherwise, the method
200 for forming the roof header 100 proceeds in the same manner.
When the notched elements 110 are cut from the front flange 136 in
step 221, the subsequent stretch bending process of step 228 is
conducted with greater ease. The removal of material associated
with notched elements 110 tends to reduce the overall thickness of
beam segment 218, thus reducing the overall strain associated with
the stretch bending process of step 228.
[0034] The roof header 100 and the other vehicular subassemblies
described in the foregoing possess several advantageous features.
Notably, the notched elements 110 of the roof header 100 and the
foregoing vehicular subassemblies significantly reduce strain
associated with manufacturing processes for the header 100 itself.
The notched elements 110 also provide some weight savings, which
can translate into some fuel efficiency improvements for the
vehicle 10. Still further, in some embodiments, the notched
elements 110 can be carefully configured beneath roof element 50 to
facilitate water drainage from rain and other precipitation. In
addition, the notched elements 110 can provide a means for paint
drainage during and after e-coating and other painting processes
used to deploy paint and other coating features on the roof element
50, header 100 and other vehicular components in proximity to the
roof element 50 and header 100.
[0035] It will be understood that any described processes or steps
within described processes may be combined with other disclosed
processes or steps to form structures within the scope of the
present invention. The exemplary structures and processes disclosed
herein are for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as
limiting.
[0036] It is to be understood that variations and modifications can
be made on the aforementioned structure without departing from the
concepts of the present invention, and further it is to be
understood that such concepts are intended to be covered by the
following claims unless these claims by their language expressly
state otherwise.
* * * * *