U.S. patent application number 13/044217 was filed with the patent office on 2015-01-08 for method for producing a beverage using a portion capsule.
The applicant listed for this patent is Gotthard Mahlich. Invention is credited to Gotthard Mahlich.
Application Number | 20150010680 13/044217 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 45769047 |
Filed Date | 2015-01-08 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150010680 |
Kind Code |
A9 |
Mahlich; Gotthard |
January 8, 2015 |
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BEVERAGE USING A PORTION CAPSULE
Abstract
The invention proposes a portion capsule for producing a
beverage, having a capsule body with a capsule base and a filling
side, with a cavity for accommodating a pulverulent or liquid
beverage base being formed between the capsule base and the filling
side, with a filter element being arranged between the beverage
base and the capsule base, and with the filter element comprising a
non-woven which is arranged in the region of the capsule base.
Inventors: |
Mahlich; Gotthard;
(Kronberg, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Mahlich; Gotthard |
Kronberg |
|
DE |
|
|
Prior
Publication: |
|
Document Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20120070551 A1 |
March 22, 2012 |
|
|
Family ID: |
45769047 |
Appl. No.: |
13/044217 |
Filed: |
March 9, 2011 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
426/433; 29/428;
426/431; 426/435; 99/323 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65B 29/02 20130101;
B65B 29/022 20170801; B65D 65/466 20130101; Y10T 29/49826 20150115;
A23F 5/26 20130101; B65D 85/8043 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
426/433; 99/323;
29/428; 426/431; 426/435 |
International
Class: |
A47G 19/14 20060101
A47G019/14; A23C 9/00 20060101 A23C009/00; A23F 3/18 20060101
A23F003/18; A23G 1/56 20060101 A23G001/56; B23P 19/00 20060101
B23P019/00; A23F 5/26 20060101 A23F005/26 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 22, 2010 |
DE |
20 2010 013 500.1 |
Feb 7, 2011 |
DE |
10 2011 010 589.1 |
Mar 2, 2011 |
DE |
10 2011 012 881.6 |
Claims
1. A portion capsule for producing a beverage, having a capsule
body with a capsule base and a filling side, with a cavity for
accommodating a pulverulent or liquid beverage base being formed
between the capsule base and the filling side, and with a filter
element being arranged between the beverage base and the capsule
base, wherein the filter element comprises a non-woven which is
arranged in the region of the capsule base.
2. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the non-woven
comprises a non-woven material which is produced from fine
polyester fibers, and/or wherein the non-woven has a mass per unit
area of between 40 and 100 grams per square meter, preferably of
between 60 and 80 grams per square meter and particularly
preferably of substantially 70 grams per square meter, and/or
wherein the non-woven has a thickness of between 0.20 and 0.8
millimeters, preferably of between 0.25 and 0.39 millimeters and
particularly preferably of substantially 0.32 millimeters, and/or
wherein the non-woven has an air permeability of between 1000 and
3000 l/(m.sup.2s), preferably of between 1500 and 2500 l/(m.sup.2s)
and particularly preferably substantially of 2000 l/(m.sup.2s) at a
pressure of 100 pascal.
3. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element comprises an open-pore sponge and/or an open-pore foam
and/or a felt structure, preferably a needle felt structure, which
is preferably provided on or in a support structure, with the
filter element being arranged in the region of the capsule
base.
4. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 3, wherein the filter
element has two felt structures, preferably needle felt structures,
which are preferably separated from one another by a support
structure.
5. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element is elastic and is arranged, at least in its edge region, in
the region of the capsule base.
6. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element is sealed, in particular ultrasonically sealed and
preferably stretched, at the base of the capsule.
7. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element is arranged in the cavity and rests on a side of the
capsule base which faces the filling side.
8. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter
of the filter element is greater than the diameter of the capsule
base.
9. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element has an edge region which projects substantially in the
direction of the filling side and/or is bent in the direction of
the filling side.
10. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 9, wherein the edge
region extends at least partially along a side wall region of the
capsule body, with the side wall region extending between the
filling side and the capsule base.
11. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element completely or only partially covers the capsule base.
12. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element is attached to the capsule base, with the filter element
preferably being attached to the capsule base in a cohesive
manner.
13. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element is attached to the capsule base in an edge region of the
capsule base, and/or wherein the filter element is attached to the
side wall region in an edge region of the filter element.
14. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the capsule
base has a protrusion in a direction opposing the filling side.
15. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the capsule
base is formed in such a way that, when the capsule base is
perforated by an external perforation means, the filter element
remains unperforated.
16. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element is formed in such a way that, when the capsule base is
perforated by an external perforation means, the filter element is
at least partially lifted off from the capsule base.
17. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 16, wherein the filter
element lifts off from the capsule base only in a central region
and continues to rest on the capsule base or remains attached to
the capsule base in the edge region of the capsule base.
18. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element is formed in such a way that, when the capsule base is
perforated by an external perforation means, the filter element
lifts off from the capsule base in the central region of said
filter element and an edge region of the filter element, which edge
region previously projected in the direction of the filling side,
moves at least partially in the direction of the capsule base.
19. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element has a material reservoir.
20. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 19, wherein the filter
element has a corrugated or folded region which functions as the
material reservoir.
21. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 19, wherein the filter
element is formed in such a way that, when the capsule base is
perforated by an external perforation means, the filter element
lifts off from the capsule base in the central region of said
filter element and material of the filter element from the material
reservoir moves in the direction of the central region.
22. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter
element is formed and attached to the capsule base in such a way
that, when the capsule base is perforated by an external
perforation means, the filter element is tapped and/or pierced.
23. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the capsule
base has a predetermined breaking point which is intended to tear
open as a result of mechanical contact with an external perforation
means.
24. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 23, wherein the
predetermined breaking point has a plurality of lines of weakness
which are arranged in a star shape around a central point of the
capsule base, wherein the capsule base has a reduced material
thickness and/or is perforated along the lines of weakness.
25. The portion capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the capsule
base has an outlet opening which is preferably sealed off by a film
or foil, with the film or foil particularly preferably having a
pull-off tab for pulling off the film or foil by hand.
26. A method for producing a portion capsule, wherein the filter
element is cut out of a strip and, preferably by the blade,
inserted into the capsule and there fitted to the base, preferably
sealed to said base, and then the powder or the tea is filled onto
the filter element and the capsule is then sealed off by a cover
film or foil.
27. A method for producing a beverage using a portion capsule as
claimed in claim 1, wherein the portion capsule is provided in a
first method step, wherein the capsule base is perforated by means
of an external perforation means in a second method step, and
wherein the filter element is at least partially spaced apart from
the capsule base in a third method step.
28. The method as claimed in claim 27, wherein, in the third method
step, the filter element is spaced apart from the capsule base only
in a central region and continues to rest on the capsule base or
remains attached to the capsule base in the edge region of the
capsule base.
29. The method as claimed in claim 28, wherein the filter element
is at least partially stretched when the central region is spaced
apart from the capsule base.
30. The method as claimed in claim 29, wherein an edge region of
the filter element which projects in the direction of the filling
side moves in the direction of the capsule base when the central
region is spaced apart from the capsule base during the third
method step.
31. The method as claimed in claim 27, wherein, when the central
region is spaced apart from the capsule base during the third
method step, material of the filter element moves out of the
material reservoir in the direction of the capsule base, with, in
particular, a corrugated or folded region of the filter element
being at least partially smoothed.
32. The use of a portion capsule as claimed in claim 1 for
producing a beverage, preferably for producing a coffee, cocoa, tea
and/or milk beverage.
Description
PRIOR Art
[0001] The present invention relates to a portion capsule for
producing a beverage, having a capsule body with a capsule base and
a filling side, with a cavity for accommodating a pulverulent or
liquid beverage base being formed between the capsule base and the
filling side, and with a filter element being arranged between the
beverage base and the capsule base.
[0002] Portion capsules of this kind are generally known from the
prior art. By way of example, documents EP 1792850 B1, EP 1344722
A1 and US 2003/0172813 A1 disclose portion capsules of this generic
type for preparing coffee and espresso.
[0003] Portion capsules of this kind for producing a beverage are
preferably in the form of a truncated cone or cylinder and are
produced, for example, from a thermoformed plastic film or using a
plastic injection molding process. Said portion capsules usually
have an open filling side with a collar edge onto which a cover
film or foil is sealed or adhesively bonded, a closed capsule base,
with a particle screen which is supported against the capsule base
being arranged between the beverage base and the capsule base.
These screens are either injection molded from a thermoplastic or
are thermoformed or stamped from a plastic film.
[0004] For the purpose of preparing a coffee beverage, the portion
capsule is inserted into a brewing chamber of a preparation
appliance. After or during the closing process of the brewing
chamber, the capsule is preferably opened on its closed base side
by means of an opening mandrel which is arranged in the brewing
chamber and, after the brewing chamber is sealed off, the filling
side of the portion capsule, which filling side is sealed off by a
sealing film or foil, is tapped by means of a puncturing means.
Preparation liquid, preferably hot water, is then delivered into
the portion capsule under pressure. The preparation liquid flows
through the beverage base and extracts and/or dissolves the
substances, which are required for producing the beverage, from the
beverage base. For the purpose of preparing an espresso, for
example a brewing water pressure of up to 20 bar acts on the coffee
powder for the purpose of extracting the essential oils. This
pressure also acts on the particle screen which is situated between
the coffee powder and the capsule base and in front of the
punctured capsule outlet.
[0005] A disadvantage of the screens which are produced using a
plastic injection molding process or using a thermoforming or
stamping process is, however, that the openings in the screen holes
have to be smaller than the smallest coffee particles in order to
retain the coffee particles. Since a certain proportion of dust is
necessarily produced in a coffee grinding process, coffee particles
pass through if the screen holes are too big or the screens are
blocked if the screen holes are too small, in particular at high
pressures. Furthermore, corresponding supporting elements which act
against the capsule base are required beneath the screens in order
to absorb the brewing water pressures of up to 20 bar and to
prevent deformation of the screens as a result of the high brewing
water pressure (together with a high brewing water temperature).
These supporting elements disadvantageously require additional
material to be used, particularly in the case of screen
arrangements produced using an injection molding process, as a
result of which the production costs rise.
[0006] Therefore, the prior art discloses portion capsules with
screen arrangements which are intended to avoid these
disadvantages. U.S. Pat. No. 2,778,739, EP 1710173 A1 and U.S. Pat.
No. 5,352,765 disclose portion capsules having screen arrangements
which consist of a screen support with relatively large passage
openings, with these openings being covered by a filter material. A
disadvantage of these arrangements is that additional costs for
material and manufacture are incurred for forming such screen
arrangements since they consist of a stable screen support and the
filter material which is arranged on the screen support.
[0007] Both in the case of screens with screen holes and in the
case of screen arrangements with an additional filter material, it
is necessary to ensure that the ready beverage which passes through
the screen arrangement can flow to a capsule outflow opening, that
is to say a free space for the discharge of a beverage has to be
provided between the capsule base and the screen arrangement. In
addition, screen arrangements of this kind take up their own
proportion of space in the portion capsule, this leading to an
increase in the volume of the capsule and thus necessarily likewise
to additional material being used.
[0008] The object of the present invention was therefore to provide
a portion capsule having a filter arrangement, which portion
capsule is less expensive to manufacture in comparison to the prior
art and in which the disadvantages described in connection with the
prior art are avoided at the same time.
[0009] This object is achieved by a portion capsule for producing a
beverage, having a capsule body with a capsule base and a filling
side, with a cavity for accommodating a pulverulent or liquid
beverage base being formed between the capsule base and the filling
side, with a filter element being arranged between the beverage
base and the capsule base, and with the filter element comprising a
non-woven which is arranged in the region of the capsule base.
[0010] In comparison to the prior art, the portion capsule
according to the invention has the advantage that a simple and
cost-effective filter non-woven is used as the filter screen. A
complicated plastic injection molding process or a thermoforming or
stamping process for producing the screens can therefore be saved.
The production costs are therefore considerably lowered. In
addition, a supporting structure is not required since the
non-woven is supported directly on the capsule base. In addition, a
filter non-woven has the advantage over the plastic filters known
from the prior art that it has a considerably larger liquid inlet
surface. Furthermore, transverse flow of liquid (parallel to the
plane of main extent of the filter plane) is made possible, as a
result of which improved mixing and outflow behavior is achieved.
It has also been found that the risk of the screens becoming
blocked is considerably reduced or virtually eliminated when a
filter non-woven is used. Surprisingly, the filter non-woven has
proven to be resistant to blockage both in the case of a beverage
preparation with a preparation liquid which is under a
comparatively low pressure and in the case of a beverage
preparation with a preparation liquid which is under a
comparatively high pressure. Furthermore, a transverse flow of
liquid in the filter non-woven is always reliably maintained and
outflow of the liquids entering the filter non-woven to an outflow
opening is always reliably ensured. The portion capsule within the
meaning of the present invention comprises a hermetically sealed
portion capsule. This means that the beverage or food product
powder, for example coffee powder, soup powder or tea, located in
the portion capsule is sealed off from the environment in a
substantially aroma-tight manner before the extraction process.
[0011] According to a further embodiment of the present invention,
provision is made for the non-woven to comprise a non-woven
material which is produced from fine plastic fibers, for example
fine polyester fibers, and, in particular, is a random fiber
non-woven and/or a fiber-oriented non-woven. The non-woven
preferably has a mass per unit area (also called the grammage or
the basis weight) of between 40 and 100 grams per square meter,
particularly preferably of between 60 and grams per square meter,
and very particularly preferably of substantially 70 grams per
square meter. The filter element or the non-woven preferably has a
thickness of between 0.20 and 0.8 millimeters, particularly
preferably of between 0.25 and 0.39 millimeters, and very
particularly preferably of substantially 0.32 millimeters. The
non-woven is formed in such a way that air permeability of the
non-woven is preferably between 1000 and 3000 l/(m.sup.2s),
particularly preferably between 1500 and 2500 l/(m.sup.2s), and
very particularly preferably substantially 2000 l/(m.sup.2s) at a
pressure of 100 pascal. It has surprisingly and unforeseeably been
found that optimum results in terms of extraction efficiency,
mixing and outflow behavior and also blockage resistance can be
achieved with non-wovens of this kind.
[0012] The non-woven is preferably arranged on the base of the
capsule such that it rests on as large a surface area as possible.
The non-woven is particularly preferably sealed to the base, in
particular by ultrasound. The non-woven is further preferably
stretched before it is attached to the capsule, in particular to
the capsule base, in order to improve the abutment against the
base.
[0013] When the capsule is opened by a perforation means, it is
advantageous if this perforation means moves the non-woven away
from the capsule base and thus stretches said non-woven. In this
case, said perforation means can enter or penetrate the non-woven.
The non-woven is preferably larger than the capsule base on which
it rests, so that the non-woven protrudes to some extent at the
edge.
[0014] According to a further subject matter or a further
embodiment of the present invention, the filter element has a felt
structure. Said felt structure is, in particular, a needle felt
structure. The filter element preferably consists of at least one
felt structure and a support structure, in particular a woven
structure, with the felt structure particularly preferably
comprising the support structure at least in a subsection of the
volume. The filter element preferably has two felt structures which
are separated from one another by the support structure. The
thickness of the two felt structures can be the same or different.
A felt structure which faces the powder or tea is preferably
thinner than the felt structure which faces the capsule base, or
vice versa. The surface of the felt structure is preferably
treated, for example thermally treated, in order to fix, for
example, loose fibers. The filter element which has a felt
structure is preferably only inserted into the capsule, in
particular onto the base thereof. During perforation, the
perforation means can enter this filter element. A plurality of
filter elements, which have one or more felt structures and a
support structure, are preferably arranged one above the other in
the capsule, possibly in a manner connected to one another.
[0015] A filter element which has a support structure, in
particular a woven structure, and a felt structure is produced, for
example, by a woven structure comprising longitudinal and
transverse threads being provided.
[0016] In order to construct a felt, in particular a needle felt,
fiber units of 0.8-7 dtex are preferably selected. The individual
fibers are connected to one another to form a felt and/or are
anchored in the support structure preferably by the needling
production process. In this case, needles with inverse barbs are
inserted into and pulled out of the prelaid fiber packet at high
speed. On account of the inverse barbs, the fibers are interwoven
with one another and/or with the support woven by means of a large
number of loops which are produced.
[0017] According to a further subject matter or a further
embodiment of the present invention, provision is made for the
filter element to comprise an open-pore sponge and/or an open-pore
foam which is arranged in the region of the capsule base. It has
been surprisingly and unforeseeably found that the above-mentioned
advantages over the prior art, for example the lower production
costs, the resistance to blockage, the transverse flow of liquid
and also the improved mixing and outflow behavior, can be achieved
in the same way with a filter element which is in the form of an
open-pore sponge and/or a filter element which is in the form of an
open-pore foam. In particular, the non-woven, the open-pore sponge
and the open-pore foam each have a microporosity which allows the
transverse flow of liquid and therefore makes resistance to
blockage possible. The sponge comprises, for example, a reticulated
polyurethane foam.
[0018] The filter element, that is to say, for example, the
non-woven, the felt, the sponge or the foam, is preferably simply
inserted into the capsule body and then rests loosely on the
capsule base, before the capsule body is filled with the beverage
base. The capsule body is preferably in the form of a truncated
cone or cylinder and is, for example, produced from plastic, a
natural material and/or a biologically degradable material
comprising a thermoformed plastic film or using a plastic injection
molding process. The capsule body preferably has, on the filling
side, a collar edge onto which a cover film or foil is sealed or
adhesively bonded. As an alternative, it is feasible for the
capsule body and a capsule cover to be connected to one another by
means of a mechanical method. The base of the portion capsule is
preferably closed and is first perforated in the brewing chamber by
means of a perforation means for producing an outflow opening, said
perforation means acting on the portion capsule base from the
outside. However, another feasible alternative would be for the
base of the portion capsule to already be provided with an outlet
opening at the factory, said outlet opening being sealed off by
means of a sealing film or foil. The sealing film or foil can be
perforated, for example, by means of the perforation means or can
be pulled off from the capsule base by hand. The filter non-woven
is preferably tear-resistant.
[0019] According to a further subject matter or a further
embodiment of the present invention, provision is made for the
filter element to be elastic and to be arranged and/or attached, at
least in its edge region, in the region of the capsule base. When
the capsule base is pierced by an external perforation means, the
filter element can, when contact is made with the perforation
means, yield or be stretched, on account of its elasticity, in such
a way that perforation of the filter element is prevented. This
eliminates the risk of the filter element being perforated by the
perforation means and beverage substance being washed out of the
portion capsule without being filtered. A fixed spacing between the
filter element and the capsule base, as is known from the prior
art, is not necessary since this distance is automatically created
by the perforation means. Furthermore, a collection tank for the
beverage liquid which passes through the filter element is produced
beneath the filter element in this way.
[0020] According to a further subject matter or a further
embodiment of the present invention, provision is made for the
filter element to be stretched, tapped and/or pierced by the
perforation means.
[0021] According to a further subject matter or a further
embodiment of the present invention, provision is made for the
filter element to be arranged in the cavity and to rest on a side
of the capsule base which faces the filling side. The production
costs for the portion capsule are advantageously considerably
reduced since the filter element is simply inserted only loosely
into the portion capsule. The filter element is preferably fixed by
the beverage substance which, when the portion capsule is filled,
is arranged on the filter element and therefore firmly holds the
filter element.
[0022] According to a further subject matter or a further
embodiment of the present invention, provision is made for the
diameter of the filter element to be greater than the diameter of
the capsule base. When the portion capsule is filled with beverage
substance, the filter element is advantageously pressed against the
base region, with the protruding edge region necessarily fitting
tightly against a side wall region of the portion capsule and
projecting in the direction of the filling side or being bent in
the direction of the filling side. This has the advantage that,
when a central region of the filter element is lifted off from the
base as a result of mechanical contact with the perforation means
which enters the base region from the outside, the edge region
slips down in the direction of the capsule base and in the
direction of the central region, and therefore no beverage
substance flows, in an unfiltered state, around the filter element
in the direction of the outlet opening past the edge of the filter
element. This makes it possible, in particular, for the filter
element to be lifted off from the capsule base even in the case of
a non-elastic filter element, without the filter effect being
adversely affected. In the case of an elastic filter element,
lifting off of the central region is at least assisted without
adversely affecting the filter effect by the slipping edge region
of the filter element since it is feasible to combine stretching
and slipping of the filter element in the event of perforation of
the capsule base too.
[0023] According to a further subject matter or a further
embodiment of the present invention, provision is made for the
filter element to have an edge region which projects substantially
in the direction of the filling side and/or is bent in the
direction of the filling side. In this way, it is likewise possible
to achieve the above-described advantages according to which the
edge region slips in the direction of the capsule base or in the
direction of the central region as soon as the filter element is
raised in the central region.
[0024] According to a further embodiment of the present invention,
provision is made for the edge region to extend at least partially
along a side wall region of the capsule body, with the side wall
region extending between the filling side and the capsule base. The
edge region is advantageously pressed against the side wall region
by the beverage substance when the portion capsule is filled, as a
result of which an improved sealing effect is achieved between the
side wall region and the filter element. Particularly in the case
of the above-described slipping of the filter element, this
prevents brewing water flowing around the filter element without
obstruction.
[0025] According to a further embodiment of the present invention,
provision is made for the filter element to completely or only
partially cover the capsule base. In particular, it is sufficient
for the filter element to be arranged solely in the region of the
perforation or in the region of an outlet opening in the capsule
base.
[0026] According to a further embodiment of the present invention,
provision is made for the filter element to be attached to the
capsule base, with the filter element preferably being attached to
the capsule base in a cohesive manner. This advantageously prevents
the filter element from slipping. This attachment is preferably
carried out by means of ultrasonic welding.
[0027] According to a further embodiment of the present invention,
provision is made for the filter element to be attached to the
capsule base in an edge region of the capsule base, and/or for the
filter element to be attached to the side wall region in an edge
region of the filter element. This advantageously prevents the
filter element from slipping down and increases the sealing effect
between the capsule body and the filter element, but with it
further being made possible to lift off the filter element in its
central region at the same time. In this case, the filter element
is preferably elastic.
[0028] According to a further embodiment of the present invention,
provision is made for the capsule base to have a protrusion in a
direction opposing the filling side. The protrusion advantageously
serves to accommodate the perforation means, so that when the
perforation means punctures the capsule base, the capsule base is
perforated in the region of the protrusion but the perforation
means then remains in the cavity in the protrusion. This prevents
perforation of the filter element. In particular, it is not
necessary for the filter element to be lifted off by the
perforation means in this embodiment. Nevertheless, the filter
element can be designed to be lifted off by the perforation means
in order to preclude accidental perforation in any case.
[0029] According to a further subject matter or a further
embodiment of the present invention, provision is made for the
filter element to be formed in such a way that, when the capsule
base is perforated by an external perforation means, the filter
element is at least partially lifted off from the capsule base.
This effectively prevents perforation of the filter element by the
perforation means.
[0030] According to a further embodiment of the present invention,
provision is made for the filter element to lift off from the
capsule base only in a central region and to continue to rest on
the capsule base or remain attached to the capsule base in the edge
region of the capsule base. This advantageously prevents the filter
element from slipping and increases the sealing effect between the
capsule body and the filter element, but with it further being made
possible to lift off the filter element in its central region at
the same time. In this case, the filter element is preferably
elastic.
[0031] According to a further subject matter or a further
embodiment of the present invention, provision is made for the
filter element to be formed in such a way that, when the capsule
base is perforated by an external perforation means, the filter
element lifts off from the capsule base in the central region of
said filter element and an edge region of the filter element, which
edge region previously projected in the direction of the filling
side, moves at least partially in the direction of the capsule
base. In this way, it is possible to achieve the above-described
advantages according to which the edge region slips in the
direction of the capsule base or in the direction of the central
region as soon as the filter non-woven is raised by the perforation
means in the central region, and therefore no beverage substance
flows, in an unfiltered state, past the edge of the filter element
around the filter element in the direction of the outlet
opening.
[0032] According to a further subject matter or a further
embodiment of the present invention, provision is made for the
filter element to have a material reservoir. A material reservoir
advantageously makes it possible for the filter element to lift off
from the capsule base in the central region of said filter element,
even though the filter element, in its edge region, is connected
firmly (in particular in a cohesive manner) to the capsule base and
is substantially non-elastic. The material reservoir comprises, in
particular, a corrugated or folded region in the filter element,
said region being partially smoothed when the central region is
lifted off from the capsule base by the perforation means. This
ensures that, when the capsule base is perforated by an external
perforation means, the filter element lifts off from the capsule
base in the central region of said filter element and material of
the filter element moves from the material reservoir in the
direction of the central region, so that the surface of the filter
element, which surface increases in size as a result of the lifting
process, is compensated for by material from the material
reservoir.
[0033] According to a further embodiment of the present invention,
provision is made for the capsule base to have a predetermined
breaking point which is intended to tear open as a result of
mechanical contact with an external perforation means, with the
predetermined breaking point preferably having a plurality of lines
of weakness which are arranged in a star shape around a central
point of the capsule base. The capsule base preferably has a
reduced material thickness along the lines of weakness and/or is
perforated along the lines of weakness. Perforation of the capsule
base is advantageously assisted by implementing the predetermined
breaking point. This also has the advantage that a less sharp
perforation spike for perforating the capsule base can be used, and
therefore the risk of damage to the filter element when the filter
element is lifted off by the perforation spike is reduced. In
particular, a blunt perforation means is now sufficient for
perforating the capsule base.
[0034] According to a further embodiment, the capsule base
permanently has an outlet opening which is preferably sealed off by
a film or foil, with the film or foil particularly preferably
having a pull-off tab for pulling off the film or foil by hand.
Perforation of the capsule base by means of an external perforation
means is advantageously unnecessary in this case. Before the
portion capsule is inserted into the brewing chamber, the film or
foil is simply pulled off the capsule base by means of the pull-off
tab and the brewing process can be started. Combining a
prefabricated and therefore comparatively large outlet opening with
a filter element comprising non-woven, felt, in particular needle
felt, foam or sponge material has the advantage that the beverage
liquid does not flow out of the outlet opening under high pressure
and therefore the formation of foam, in particular when producing
an americano or tea, is prevented.
[0035] A further subject matter of the present invention is a
method for producing the capsule according to the invention,
wherein the filter element is cut out of a fabric web and inserted
into the capsule. The cut-out filter element is preferably
transported at least a certain distance by the blade, in particular
a concave blade, which cuts it out. The cut-out filter element is
preferably transported further by a sonotrode, which is required
for ultrasonic welding, and/or pressed against the capsule, in
particular the base thereof.
[0036] A further subject matter of the present invention is a
method for producing a beverage using a portion capsule, wherein
the portion capsule is provided in a first method step, wherein the
capsule base is perforated by means of an external perforation
means in a second method step, and wherein the filter element is at
least partially spaced apart from the capsule base in a third
method step. In the third method step, the filter element is
preferably raised from the capsule base by the perforation means in
such a way that it is spaced apart from the perforated capsule
base. In this case, the capsule base is perforated in the region of
a central point, and therefore the filter element is simultaneously
raised mainly in its central region, while it continues to
preferably rest on the capsule base or remains attached to the
capsule base in the edge region of said filter element. In this
way, the sealing effect between the capsule body and the filter
element is not adversely affected by the central region being
raised.
[0037] According to a further embodiment of the present invention,
provision is made for the filter element to be at least partially
stretched when the central region is spaced apart from the capsule
base. This makes it possible to attach the edge region of the
filter element to the capsule base in a cohesive manner, it
nevertheless being possible for the filter element to be lifted off
from the capsule base in the central region. The advantages of a
maximum sealing effect are combined with the advantages of the
rising filter element as a result.
[0038] According to a further embodiment of the present invention,
provision is made for an edge region of the filter element which
projects in the direction of the filling side to move in the
direction of the capsule base when the central region is spaced
apart from the capsule base during the third method step. This
prevents the beverage liquid moving, in an unfiltered state, in the
direction of the outlet opening when the central region is raised
from the capsule base.
[0039] According to a further embodiment of the present invention,
provision is made, when the central region is spaced apart from the
capsule base during the third method step, for material of the
filter element to move out of the material reservoir in the
direction of the capsule base, with, in particular, a corrugated or
folded region of the filter element being at least partially
smoothed. This likewise makes it possible for the edge region of
the filter element to be attached to the capsule base in a cohesive
manner, it nevertheless being possible for the filter element to be
lifted off from the capsule base in the central region. The
material reservoir preferably extends around the central region of
the filter element.
[0040] A further subject matter of the present invention is the use
of a portion capsule for producing a beverage, preferably for
producing a coffee, cocoa, tea and/or milk beverage.
[0041] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in
the figures and explained in greater detail in the following
description. The figures are described merely by way of example and
do not restrict the general concept of the invention.
[0042] FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a portion
capsule according to a first embodiment of the present invention,
which portion capsule is designed for the purpose of preparing an
espresso.
[0043] FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a portion
capsule, which is situated in a closed brewing chamber, according
to the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0044] FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a portion
capsule, which is situated in a closed brewing chamber, according
to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
[0045] FIGS. 4a, 4b show schematic sectional views through a
portion capsule according to a third embodiment of the present
invention.
[0046] FIGS. 5a, 5b show schematic sectional views through a
portion capsule according to a fourth embodiment of the present
invention.
[0047] FIGS. 6a, 6b show schematic sectional views through a
portion capsule according to a fifth embodiment of the present
invention.
[0048] FIGS. 7a, 7b show schematic sectional views through a
portion capsule according to a sixth embodiment of the present
invention.
[0049] FIGS. 8a, 8b show schematic plan views of a capsule base of
a portion capsule according to a seventh embodiment of the present
invention.
[0050] FIG. 9 shows a sectional view of a portion capsule according
to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
[0051] FIG. 10 shows a perforation means which enters the filter
element.
[0052] FIG. 11 shows a perforation means which penetrates the
filter element.
[0053] FIGS. 12a-c show different embodiments of the filter element
comprising felt, in particular needle felt.
[0054] In the various figures, identical parts are always provided
with the same reference symbols and therefore also will be
generally cited or mentioned only once in each case.
[0055] FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the portion capsule
1 according to the invention. The portion capsule 1 comprises a
capsule body 2 in the form of a truncated cone, having a closed
capsule base 3 and having a collar edge 5 which is arranged on the
filling side 4 of said capsule body and to which a cover film or
foil 6 is welded or adhesively bonded. Therefore, a cavity 100,
which is preferably sealed off in an air- and aroma-tight manner,
is formed between the capsule base 3 and the cover film or foil 6,
said cavity being filled with a pulverulent or granular beverage
substance 101. In this case, the beverage substance 101 comprises,
for example, coffee, cocoa, tea and/or milk powder (or granules). A
filter element 7 comprising a non-woven filter or a sponge or foam
filter is arranged on the inner side 3a of closed capsule body base
3, that is to say within the cavity 100. The filter element 7 is
situated either loosely on the inner side 3a of the capsule base 3
or is firmly, that is to say preferably cohesively, connected to
the inner side 3a of the capsule body base 3. In the second
variant, the filter element 7 is attached in a cohesive manner to
the capsule base 3, in particular only in an edge region 3' of the
capsule base 3. The non-woven preferably comprises a non-woven
material which is produced from fine polyester fibers. The fibers
are particularly preferably thermally connected to one another by
means of a calender, for example a large number of extruded
polyester fibers are arranged one on the other and next to one
another and then consolidated (flat-calendered) by means of heated
rollers. The non-woven material comprises random fiber and/or
fiber-oriented non-woven material. The non-woven preferably has a
mass per unit area (also called the grammage or the basis weight)
of between 40 and 100 grams per square meter, particularly
preferably of between 60 and grams per square meter, and very
particularly preferably of substantially 70 grams per square meter.
The filter element or the non-woven preferably has a thickness of
between 0.20 and 0.8 millimeters, particularly preferably of
between 0.25 and 0.39 millimeters, and very particularly preferably
of substantially 0.32 millimeters. The non-woven is formed in such
a way that air permeability of the non-woven is preferably between
1000 and 3000 l/(m.sup.2s), particularly preferably between 1500
and 2500 l/(m.sup.2s), and very particularly preferably
substantially 2000 l/(m.sup.2s), at a pressure of 100 pascal. The
non-woven is further preferably formed in such a way that the
breaking strength is substantially 110 newtons per 5 centimeters in
the longitudinal direction and substantially 67 newtons per 5
centimeters in the transverse direction, with the breaking
extension being substantially 30 percent in the longitudinal
direction and substantially 38 percent in the transverse
direction.
[0056] FIG. 2 illustrates a portion capsule 1 according to the
first embodiment, which is illustrated in FIG. 1, of the present
invention, with the portion capsule 1 in FIG. 2 being arranged in a
closed brewing chamber 8. The brewing chamber 8 consists of a first
brewing chamber element 9 and a second brewing chamber element 10,
with the first brewing chamber element 9 being provided for the
purpose of inserting the portion capsule 1 such that it can move in
relation to the second brewing chamber element 10, or vice versa. A
seal 11 is arranged between the two brewing chamber elements 9, 10.
The first brewing chamber element 9 substantially consists of a
closing piston 12 with puncturing elements 13a, 13b for opening the
cover film or foil 6 of the portion capsule 1, a preparation liquid
supply means 14 and the seal 11. The second brewing chamber element
10 substantially consists of a brewing chamber bell 15 which
partially surrounds the portion capsule 1 and has an opening
mandrel 16 which is arranged on the base of the brewing chamber
bell 15 and is provided with discharge grooves 17, and a beverage
discharge means 18. For the purpose of accommodating the portion
capsule 1, the brewing chamber 8 is in an open state (not
illustrated), in which the first and the second brewing chamber
element 9, 10 are spaced apart from one another in order to ensure
supply of the portion capsule 1, and in the illustrated closed
state, in which a preparation process for producing a beverage
using the portion capsule 1 can be carried out. In the closed
state, the brewing chamber 8 is sealed off in a pressure-tight
manner. When the brewing chamber 8 is moved from the open state to
the depicted closed state, the cover film or foil 6 is pierced by
the puncturing elements 13a, 13b, so that preparation liquid, in
particular hot brewing water, passes through the preparation liquid
supply means 14 under pressure and into the cavity 100 in the
portion capsule 1. Furthermore, when the brewing chamber 8 is
closed, the capsule base 3 is perforated by the perforation means,
which is in the form of an opening mandrel 16, and therefore an
outlet opening 107 is produced in the portion capsule 1, it being
possible for the produced beverage liquid to leave the portion
capsule 1 in the direction of the beverage discharge means 18
through said outlet opening. In order to assist delivery of the
beverage liquid, the opening mandrel 16 is provided with the
discharge grooves 17 on its casing surface. In the illustration,
the base 3 of the portion capsule 1, which is located in the
brewing chamber 9, 10, is pierced by the opening mandrel 16 of the
second brewing chamber element, but the filter element 7, which is
situated above the puncturing point, is slightly raised by the
puncturing spike 19 of the opening mandrel 16 but not pierced. This
is achieved, in particular, by the central region 7'' not being
cohesively connected to the capsule base 3 but the filter element 7
being cohesively connected to the capsule base 3 only in the edge
region 3' of the capsule base 3, so that it is raised only from the
capsule base 3 as a result of the mechanical contact with the spike
of the opening mandrel 16 and therefore remains unperforated (that
is to say is not perforated by the opening mandrel 16). The capsule
base 3 and the filter element 7 remain in contact with one another
and, in particular, cohesively connected to one another in the edge
region 3' of the capsule base 3 and in the edge region 7' of the
filter element 7, and therefore no beverage substance 101 enters
the beverage discharge means 18 around the filter element 7. The
capsule base 3 optionally has, at its central point 106 in which
the capsule base 3 is perforated by the opening mandrel 16, a
predetermined breaking point 104, and therefore a comparatively
blunt opening mandrel 16 is sufficient for perforating the capsule
base 3 and therefore the risk of the filter element 7 also being
accidently perforated by the opening mandrel 16 is eliminated.
[0057] FIG. 3 illustrates a portion capsule 1 according to a second
embodiment of the present invention, with the second embodiment
substantially resembling the first embodiment, which is illustrated
in FIG. 2, and likewise illustrating the portion capsule 1 in a
closed brewing chamber 8. However, in contrast to the first
embodiment, the portion capsule base 3 has, in the puncturing
region of the opening mandrel 16, a protrusion 21 which is directed
toward a recess 20 in the brewing chamber base 3a (the protrusion
21 is therefore directed in a direction which opposes the filling
side 4) and which the opening mandrel 16 enters, without piercing
the filter element 7 in the process. Therefore, it is, in
particular, not necessary to lift off the filter element 7 from the
capsule base 3. In order to produce the beverage, the brewing
chamber 8 is closed again after the portion capsule 1 is inserted
into the brewing chamber 8. During the closing process, the cover
film or foil 6 of the portion capsule 1 is perforated by means of
the puncturing means 13a, 13b and, after the first and the second
brewing chamber element 9, 10 are brought together and sealed (by
means of the seal 11), brewing water is made available via the
liquid inlet 6. The opening mandrel 16 likewise makes an opening in
the base 3 of the portion capsule 1 during the closing process of
the brewing chamber. The thickness and the tear strength of the
filter element 7, which is situated above the puncturing point, are
matched to the penetration depth of the puncturing spike 19 of the
opening mandrel 16, and therefore the filter element 7 is not
pierced. As an alternative, the filter element 7 is situated above
the protrusion 21 of the capsule base 3, which protrusion is
situated in the recess in the brewing bell base 23, and the opening
mandrel 16 enters only the protrusion 21 of the capsule base 3 and
does not reach the filter element 7. The liquid, for example hot
water when coffee is being produced, then flows into the capsule 1.
In the capsule, this liquid flows through the beverage base 101 and
extracts and/or dissolves the substances, which are required to
produce the beverage, from the beverage base 101. The flow of the
liquid in the beverage base 101 is illustrated by reference symbol
22. The resulting beverage then flows through the filter element 7
which is arranged between the beverage base 101 and the capsule
base 3, this preventing constituents of the beverage base 101
entering the resulting beverage in particulate form and further
entering a collection vessel, for example a cup or pot, via the
opening made in the capsule base 3 by the opening mandrel 16 and
via the discharge grooves 17 in the opening mandrel 16.
[0058] FIGS. 4a and 4b illustrate schematic sectional views through
a portion capsule 1 according to a third embodiment of the present
invention, the third embodiment substantially resembling the first
embodiment, which is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, with the filter
element 7 being elastic. FIG. 4a illustrates the portion capsule 1
in its starting position, while FIG. 4b illustrates said portion
capsule in a state in which it is perforated by the perforation
means 16 (the portion capsule 1 is located in a brewing chamber 8
(not illustrated further) in FIG. 4b). When mechanical contact is
made with the perforation means 16, the filter element 7 is, in its
central region 7'', stretched in the direction of the inlet side 4
on account of the elastic design of the filter element 7, without
being perforated or torn by the perforation means 16. The filter
element 7' remains firmly or cohesively connected to the capsule
base 3 in the edge region of the capsule base 3', and therefore no
beverage substance 101 passes from the cavity 100 in the direction
of the outlet opening 107, which is produced by the perforation
means 16, past the filter element 7.
[0059] FIGS. 5a and 5b illustrate schematic sectional views through
a portion capsule 1 according to a fourth embodiment of the present
invention, with the fourth embodiment being substantially identical
to the third embodiment, which is illustrated in FIGS. 4a and 4b.
However, in this case, the filter element 7 is non-elastic and is
raised virtually entirely from the capsule base 3 by the
perforation means 16. Since the base area of the filter element 7
does not change in the process, the edge regions 7' of the filter
element slide inward, that is to say in the direction of the
central point 106 of the capsule base 3'.
[0060] FIGS. 6a and 6b illustrate schematic sectional views through
a portion capsule 1 according to a fifth embodiment of the present
invention, with the fifth embodiment substantially resembling the
sixth embodiment, which is illustrated in FIGS. 5a and 5b. The
filter element 7 is, in particular, flexible and has a base area
which is larger than the base area of the capsule base 3. This
leads to the edge region 7' of the filter element 7 fitting tightly
against a lower part of the side wall region 102 of the capsule
body 2, which extends from the collar edge 5 to the capsule base 3,
in the starting state of the portion capsule 1 as illustrated in
FIG. 6a. If the capsule base 3 is now perforated by the perforation
means 16 and the filter element 7 is raised, in its central region
7'', from the capsule base 3 by the perforation means 16, the edge
region 7' of the filter element 7 moves in the direction of the
capsule base 3. This ensures that the edge region 3' of the capsule
base 3 always remains covered by the filter element 7 and therefore
no beverage substance 101 passes, in an unfiltered state, in the
direction of the discharge means 18 past the filter element 7.
[0061] FIGS. 7a and 7b illustrate sectional views through a portion
capsule 1 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
The sixth embodiment substantially resembles the fourth embodiment,
which is illustrated in FIGS. 5a and 5b, with the filter element 7
having a material reservoir 103. The material reservoir 103
comprises a corrugated region 103', that is to say a region in
which excess material of the filter element 7 is gathered. If the
central region 7'' is now raised from the capsule base 3 by the
perforation means 16, traction forces act on the material reservoir
103, as a result of which the corrugated region 103' is at least
partially smoothed and therefore sufficient material is available
for the central region 7'' to be raised to a sufficient extent and
for tearing or perforation of the filter element 7 to be
prevented.
[0062] FIGS. 8a and 8b illustrate a view of a capsule base 3 of a
portion capsule 1 according to a seventh embodiment of the present
invention, said seventh embodiment substantially resembling the
first embodiment, which is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, with the
portion capsule 1 being illustrated from "the bottom" in FIG. 8.
This view shows the optional predetermined breaking point 104 which
comprises three lines 105 of weakness which are arranged in the
form of a star and in the radial direction around the central point
106 on the capsule base 3. The capsule base 3 has a reduced
material thickness and/or the capsule base 3 is pre-perforated
along the lines 105 of weakness in order to assist perforation in
the brewing chamber 8. In order to retain the aroma of the beverage
substance 101 even if the pre-perforated capsule base 3 is stored
for a relatively long period of time, the capsule base 3 is
preferably sealed with a film or foil 108, which can be perforated
or pulled off by hand, at least in the region of the predetermined
breaking point 104. The film or foil 108 sticks, for example, to
the outer side of the capsule base 3 and is provided with a
pull-off tab 109 which does not stick to the capsule base 3 and at
which the film or foil 108 can be pulled off by hand. An exemplary
embodiment with lines 105 of weakness in the form of perforations
in the capsule base 3 and also with a film or foil 108 is
illustrated in FIG. 8b.
[0063] FIG. 9 illustrates a sectional view of a portion capsule 1
according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. The
eighth embodiment substantially resembles the first embodiment,
which is illustrated in FIG. 1, with the portion capsules 1 of the
eighth embodiment being equipped with a permanent outlet opening
107 in the capsule base 3, said outlet opening being sealed by the
film or foil 108 in the starting state. Therefore, the portion
capsule 1 does not have predetermined breaking points. In this
case, the film or foil 108 likewise has the pull-off tab 109 for
pulling off the film or foil 108 by hand. The capsule base 3 is not
perforated by means of an external perforation means 16. Instead,
before the portion capsule 1 is inserted into the brewing chamber
8, the film or foil 108 is simply pulled off from the capsule base
3 by means of the pull-off tab 109 and the brewing process can then
be started directly and without perforation of the capsule base
3.
[0064] FIGS. 10 and 11 show a further embodiment of the present
invention. In the present case, the filter element 7 is designed
such that the perforation means 16, when it penetrates the capsule,
stretches, taps (FIG. 10) and/or pierces the filter element, that
is to say the filter element is cohesively connected, for example,
to the base of the capsule, is intended to rest as far as possible
over a large area of the base and/or is stretched.
[0065] FIGS. 12a-c show different embodiments of a filter element 7
with a felt structure 7.1, in particular a needle felt structure.
This filter element 7 preferably has a support structure 7.2, for
example a woven structure. A felt structure 7.1 is arranged on
and/or in this woven structure 7.2 over the entire surface which
faces the coffee powder or tea, for example connected to said woven
structure by needle felting, as illustrated in FIG. 12a.
[0066] The embodiment according to FIG. 12b has two felt structures
7.1 and 7.3 which are each arranged on and/or in the support
structure. The two structures preferably extend over the entire
cross section, that is to say the entire circular surface, of the
filter element. The felt structures 7.1 and 7.3 can be of identical
or different thickness. The felt structure 7.1 is preferably
thinner than the layer 7.3, or vice versa. The support layer is
thus offset in relation to the center of the filter element. The
structures 7.1 and 7.3 can be produced from different materials.
These relate not only to the substance from which they are produced
but also the thread diameter and/or the thread length from which
the felt structures are manufactured. A support structure 7.2 is
provided between the two structures 7.1 and 7.3, said support
structure not containing a felt structure or only a small felt
structure and preferably permitting transverse flow. FIG. 12c shows
yet another embodiment of a filter element with a felt structure.
In the present case, two filter elements 7 with a felt structure
are arranged one above the other, as has been described, for
example, according to FIGS. 12a and b. The filter elements 7 can
only lie one on the other or be connected to one another.
[0067] All the filter elements with a felt structure have the
advantage that they exhibit a low level of pressure loss and that
the pressure falls along the filter element with a shallow
gradient. As a result, coffee without crema, that is to say foam,
can be produced for example. The filter elements with a felt
structure are preferably inserted only into the capsule. The filter
element with the felt structure preferably has a larger diameter
than the base of the capsule, and therefore it presses against the
wall of the capsule in the edge region.
LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS
[0068] 1 Portion capsule [0069] 2 Capsule body [0070] 3 Capsule
base [0071] 3a Inner side of the capsule base [0072] 3' Edge region
of the capsule base [0073] 4 Filling side [0074] 5 Collar edge
[0075] 6 Cover film or foil [0076] 7 Filter element [0077] 7' Edge
region of the filter element [0078] 7'' Central region of the
filter element [0079] 7.1 Felt structure, needle felt structure
[0080] 7.2 Support structure [0081] 7.3 Felt structure, needle felt
structure [0082] 8 Brewing chamber [0083] 9 First brewing chamber
element [0084] 10 Second brewing chamber element [0085] 11 Seal
[0086] 12 Closing piston [0087] 13a Puncturing element [0088] 13b
Puncturing element [0089] 14 Preparation liquid supply means [0090]
15 Brewing bell [0091] 16 Opening mandrel [0092] 17 Discharge
grooves [0093] 18 Discharge means [0094] 19 Puncturing spike [0095]
20 Recess [0096] 21 Protrusion [0097] 22 Preparation liquid flow
[0098] 23 Brewing bell base [0099] 100 Cavity [0100] 101 Beverage
base [0101] 102 Side wall region [0102] 103 Material reservoir
[0103] 103' Corrugated or folded region [0104] 104 Predetermined
breaking point [0105] 105 Lines of weakness [0106] 106 Central
point [0107] 107 Outlet opening [0108] 108 Film or foil [0109] 109
Pull-off tab
* * * * *