U.S. patent application number 14/484338 was filed with the patent office on 2015-01-01 for apparatus for capturing, converting, and transmitting a visual image signal via a digital transmission system.
This patent application is currently assigned to E-Watch Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is E-Watch, Inc. Invention is credited to David A. Monroe.
Application Number | 20150002898 14/484338 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 21719164 |
Filed Date | 2015-01-01 |
United States Patent
Application |
20150002898 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Monroe; David A. |
January 1, 2015 |
APPARATUS FOR CAPTURING, CONVERTING, AND TRANSMITTING A VISUAL
IMAGE SIGNAL VIA A DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
Abstract
An image capture, conversion, compression, storage and
transmission system provides a data signal representing the image
in a format and protocol capable of being transmitted over any of a
plurality of readily available transmission systems and received by
readily available, standard equipment receiving stations. In its
most comprehensive form, the system is capable of sending and
receiving audio, documentary and visual image data to and from
standard remote stations readily available throughout the
world.
Inventors: |
Monroe; David A.; (San
Antonio, TX) |
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Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
E-Watch, Inc |
San Antonio |
CA |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
E-Watch Inc.
San Antonio
TX
|
Family ID: |
21719164 |
Appl. No.: |
14/484338 |
Filed: |
September 12, 2014 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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14149154 |
Jan 7, 2014 |
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14484338 |
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12113581 |
May 1, 2008 |
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14149154 |
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10336470 |
Jan 3, 2003 |
7365871 |
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12113581 |
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09006073 |
Jan 12, 1998 |
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10336470 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
358/1.15 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04N 1/00307 20130101;
H04N 2201/0086 20130101; H04N 2201/0093 20130101; H04N 1/40
20130101; H04N 2201/0084 20130101; H04N 1/00286 20130101; H04N
1/00896 20130101; H04N 1/33307 20130101; H04N 2201/33378 20130101;
H04N 2201/33357 20130101; H04N 1/00904 20130101; H04N 1/00204
20130101; H04N 2201/0067 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
358/1.15 |
International
Class: |
H04N 1/00 20060101
H04N001/00; H04N 1/40 20060101 H04N001/40; H04N 1/333 20060101
H04N001/333 |
Claims
1. An image data capture system, comprising: a housing configured
for being held within a hand of a user; a camera mounted on the
housing and configured for collecting visual image information;
image processing circuitry within the housing, wherein the image
processing circuitry is coupled to the camera, wherein the image
processing circuitry is configured for enabling the visual image
information to be selectively retrieved from a digital memory
device and wherein the image processing circuitry includes a
transmission protocol selector enabling a visual image signal
comprising the visual image information to be selectively processed
in accordance with a plurality of transmission protocol modes; and
cellular telephone circuitry within the housing, wherein the
cellular telephone circuitry is coupled to the image processing
circuitry and is configured for enabling visual image information
to be wirelessly transmitted for reception by a remote receiving
device after being processed by the image processing circuitry.
2. The image data capture system of claim 1 wherein: a first one of
the transmission protocol modes is a modem transmission protocol
mode; and a second one of the transmission protocol modes is a
serial transmission protocol mode.
3. The image data capture system of claim 1 wherein: the image
processing circuitry includes one or more compressors; and the
visual image information is provided to the one or more compressors
when the transmission protocol selector designates selection of a
modem transmission protocol mode.
4. The image data capture system of claim 1 wherein: a first one of
the transmission protocol modes is a transmission protocol mode
that causes the visual image information being compressed in
accordance with a JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
compression algorithm; and a second one of the transmission
protocol modes is a serial transmission protocol mode.
5. The image data capture system of claim 4, further comprising: a
serial interface connected to the image processing circuitry; the
visual image information is provided to the cellular telephone
circuitry when the transmission protocol selector designates
selection of the transmission protocol mode that causes the visual
image information being compressed in accordance with the JPEG
compression algorithm; and the visual image information is provided
to the serial interface when the transmission protocol selector
designates selection of the serial transmission protocol mode.
6. An image data capture system, comprising: a housing configured
for being held within a hand of a user; a camera mounted on the
housing; a digital memory device coupled to the camera for
receiving visual image information collected thereby; a serial
interface; cellular telephone circuitry within the housing, wherein
the cellular telephone circuitry is configured for enabling the
visual image information to be wirelessly transmitted for reception
by a remote receiving device; and image processing circuitry within
the housing, wherein the image processing circuitry is coupled to
the cellular telephone circuitry, the serial interface and the
digital memory device, wherein the image processing circuitry is
configured for enabling the visual image information to be
selectively retrieved from the digital memory device and wherein
the image processing circuitry includes a transmission protocol
selector enabling a visual image signal comprising the visual image
information to be selectively provided to the cellular telephone
circuitry after being processed in accordance with a modem protocol
and provided to the serial interface after being processed in
accordance with a serial transmission protocol.
7. The image data capture system of claim 6 wherein: the image
processing circuitry includes a JPEG compressor and a protocol
generator connected to the JPEG compressor; and processing of the
visual image signal to provide the transmission protocol configured
instance of the visual image information is performed by the JPEG
compressor and the protocol generator.
8. The image data capture system of claim 6 wherein: the image
processing circuitry includes an interim format compressor, an
interim format decompressor and an image viewing device; the
interim format compressor is connected to the camera for receiving
the visual image information therefrom and to the digital memory
for enabling the visual image information generated by the camera
to be provided in an interim compressed format within the digital
memory; the interim format decompressor is connected to the digital
memory for enabling a visual image defined by the visual image
information to be viewed on the image viewing device in an
uncompressed format and to be provided to the image processing
circuitry in the uncompressed format; and the digital memory is
connected to the an output portion of the image processing
circuitry for enabling the visual image information to be accessed
therefrom and to be selectively outputted from image data capture
system in accordance with the modem protocol and the serial
transmission protocol.
9. A handheld information communication and image processing system
comprising: a camera; an image viewing device; cellular telephone
circuitry within the housing, wherein the cellular telephone
circuitry is configured for enabling visual image information to be
wirelessly transmitted for reception by a remote receiving device;
and image processing circuitry within the housing, wherein the
image processing circuitry is coupled to the cellular telephone
circuitry, the image viewing device, and to the camera, wherein the
image processing circuitry includes a digital memory, an interim
format compressor, an interim format decompressor, wherein the
image processing circuitry is configured for enabling the visual
image information to be selectively retrieved from a digital memory
device, wherein the interim format compressor is connected to the
digital memory for enabling the visual image information to be
provided in an interim compressed format within the digital memory,
wherein the interim format decompressor is connected to the digital
memory for enabling a visual image defined by the visual image
information to be viewed on the image viewing device in an
uncompressed format and to be provided to the image processing
circuitry in the uncompressed format, wherein the image processing
circuitry includes a transmission protocol selector enabling the
visual image information to be selectively processed in accordance
with a plurality of transmission protocol modes.
10. The handheld information communication and image processing
system of claim 9 wherein: a first one of the transmission protocol
modes is a modem transmission protocol mode; and a second one of
the transmission protocol modes is a serial transmission protocol
mode.
11. The handheld information communication and image processing
system of claim 9 wherein: a first one of the transmission protocol
modes is a transmission protocol mode that causes the visual image
information being compressed in accordance with a JPEG (Joint
Photographic Experts Group) compression algorithm; and a second one
of the transmission protocol modes is a serial transmission
protocol mode.
12. The handheld information communication and image processing
system of claim 9 wherein the visual image information is provided
to the image processing circuitry in a state of compression
dependent upon a transmission protocol mode designated by the
transmission protocol selector.
13. The handheld information communication and image processing
system of claim 12, further comprising: a communications interface,
wherein a first one of the transmission protocol modes is a modem
transmission protocol mode and wherein the visual image information
is provided to the communication interface after being processed in
accordance with a serial transmission protocol.
14. The handheld information communication and image processing
system of claim 12 wherein: the image processing circuitry includes
a JPEG compressor; and processing of the visual image signal to
provide the transmission protocol configured instance of the visual
image information includes compression of the visual image
information by the JPEG compressor.
15. The handheld information communication and image processing
system of claim 14, further comprising: a serial interface, wherein
a second one of the transmission protocol modes is a serial
transmission protocol mode, and wherein the visual image
information is provided to the serial interface after being
processed in accordance with a serial transmission protocol.
16. The handheld information communication and image processing
system of claim 15, further comprising: a housing configured for
being held within a hand of a user, wherein the camera, the image
viewing device, the cellular telephone circuitry, the image
processing circuitry, the communication interface, and the serial
interface are all mounted on the housing.
17. A handheld image data capture system, comprising: an image data
collection device; a serial interface; a communication interface;
image processing circuitry coupled to the image data collection
device, the serial interface and the communication interface,
wherein the image processing circuitry is configured for enabling
the visual image information to be selectively retrieved from a
digital memory device of the image processing circuitry, wherein
the image processing circuitry includes a transmission protocol
selector enabling the visual image information to be selectively
processed in accordance with a modem protocol and a serial
transmission protocol, and wherein the visual image information is
provided to the communications interface after being processed in
accordance with the modem protocol and is provided to the serial
interface after being processed in accordance with the serial
transmission protocol; and cellular telephone circuitry coupled to
the communications interface, wherein the cellular telephone
circuitry is configured for enabling visual image information to be
wirelessly transmitted for reception by a remote receiving device
after being processed by the image processing circuitry.
18. The handheld image data capture system of claim 17, further
comprising: a housing configured for being held within a hand of a
user, wherein the image data collection device, the serial
interface, the image processing circuitry, and the cellular
telephone circuitry are at mounted on the housing.
19. The handheld image data capture system of claim 17 wherein: the
image processing circuitry includes one or more compressors; and
the visual image information is provided to the one or more
compressors when the transmission protocol selector designates
selection of the modem transmission protocol mode.
20. The handheld image data capture system of claim 17 wherein: the
image processing circuitry includes an interim format compressor,
an interim format decompressor and an image viewing device; the
interim format compressor is connected to the image data collection
device for receiving the visual image information therefrom and to
the digital memory for enabling the visual image information
generated by the image data collection device to be provided in an
interim compressed format within the digital memory; and the
interim format decompressor is connected to the digital memory for
enabling a visual image defined by the visual image information to
be viewed on the image viewing device in an uncompressed format and
to be provided to the image processing circuitry in the
uncompressed format.
21. The handheld image data capture system of claim 17 wherein the
visual image information is provided to the image processing
circuitry in a state of compression dependent upon a transmission
protocol mode designated by the transmission protocol selector.
22. The handheld image data capture system of claim 21 wherein: the
image processing circuitry includes an interim format compressor,
an interim format decompressor and an image viewing device; the
interim format compressor is connected to the image data collection
device for receiving the visual image information therefrom and to
the digital memory for enabling the visual image information
generated by the image data collection device to be provided in an
interim compressed format within the digital memory; and the
interim format decompressor is connected to the digital memory for
enabling a visual image defined by the visual image information to
be viewed on the image viewing device in an uncompressed format and
to be provided to the image processing circuitry in the
uncompressed format.
23. The handheld image data capture system of claim 22 wherein: the
image processing circuitry includes one or more compressors; and
the visual image information is provided to the one or more
compressors when the transmission protocol selector designates
selection of the modem transmission protocol mode.
24. The handheld image data capture system of claim 23, further
comprising: a housing configured for being held within a hand of a
user, wherein the serial interface, the image processing circuitry,
and the cellular telephone circuitry are at mounted on the housing.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This continuation patent application claims priority to
United States (U.S.) Non-Provisional patent application having Ser.
No. 14/149,154 filed Jan. 7, 2014 entitled "APPARATUS FOR
CAPTURING, CONVERTING, AND TRANSMITTING A VISUAL IMAGE SIGNAL VIA A
DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM". U.S. Non-Provisional patent
application having Ser. No. 14/149,154 claims priority as a
continuation patent application to U.S. Non-Provisional patent
application having Ser. No. 12/113,581 filed May 21, 2008 entitled
"APPARATUS FOR CAPTURING, CONVERTING, AND TRANSMITTING A VISUAL
IMAGE SIGNAL VIA A DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM". U.S.
Non-Provisional patent application having Ser. No. 12/113,581
claims priority as a continuation patent application to U.S.
Non-Provisional patent application having Ser. No. 10/336,470 filed
Jan. 3, 2003 entitled "APPARATUS FOR CAPTURING, CONVERTING, AND
TRANSMITTING A VISUAL IMAGE SIGNAL VIA A DIGITAL TRANSMISSION
SYSTEM" and now U.S. Pat. No. 7,365,871. U.S. Non-Provisional
patent application having Ser. No. 10/336,470 claims priority as a
divisional patent application to U.S. Non-Provisional patent
application having Ser. No. 09/006,073 filed Jan. 12, 1998 entitled
"APPARATUS FOR CAPTURING, CONVERTING, AND TRANSMITTING A VISUAL
IMAGE SIGNAL VIA A DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM". All of these
applications having a common inventor herewith and are being
incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The invention is generally related to image capture and
transmission systems and is specifically directed to an image
capture, compression and transmission system for use in connection
with land line and wireless telephone systems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Embodiments provide an image capture, compression and
transmission system that is specifically designed to permit
reliable visual image transmission over land line or wireless
communications using commercially available facsimile transmission
techniques. Embodiments incorporate a camera and signal converter
into an integrated unit wherein the converted signal can be
transmitted on a real time basis or may be stored in memory for
later recall and transmission. Embodiments provide maximum
flexibility, with the camera/converter/telephone or other
transmission device being designed in a modular configuration
wherein any or all of the devices can exist as integrated or
independent units.
[0004] Embodiments permit capture of a video image using a digital
camera, an analog camera, or a video camera such as a camcorder.
The captured video image is then converted into still frame
digitized format for transmission over any of a variety of
transmission systems ranging from Group-III facsimile to computer,
or to a like device at a remote location, in any protocol desired.
According to embodiments, once the signal is digitized, the
transmission protocols are virtually endless.
[0005] Embodiments permit a still frame visual image to be captured
at a remote location and sent immediately, over wireless
communication systems, to a remote location such as, by way of
example, a. computer system wherein the image could be merged
directly into newsprint. The image may also be sent to and printed
as a hard copy using any Group III facsimile machine, anywhere in
the world. Where desired. the images may be stored in memory for
later recall, and may be archived on a portable medium such as a
memory card or the like.
[0006] Embodiments are useful for applications where immediate
transmission of visual images of scenes, people and objects is
desirable and sophisticated equipment is not always available for
receiving the information. Embodiments also provide a unique and
reliable means for transmitting visual data to and from remote
locations, such as, by way of example, law enforcement and
emergency vehicles and the like.
[0007] In an embodiment a system includes a video camera and an
integral cellular telephone, wherein the telephone using the
standard audio mode or future digital modes, can be used to
transmit and receive visual image signals. An embodiment including
a desk model is also disclosed and permits connection to a standard
land line telephonic system. An embodiment including a mobile
console model is disclosed for use in law enforcement vehicles, and
the like. Other communication systems are also supported
embodiments, including hard wired networks, radio and satellite
transmission and the like.
[0008] In embodiments, a local facsimile machine can be
incorporated with the unit and can serve as a printer for providing
hard copy of the captured image at the point of capture, as well as
being adapted for receiving facsimile transmissions in the standard
fashion.
[0009] Embodiments disclose circuitry for supporting any
configurations from a basic real time transmission system via
Group-III fax to a comprehensive system supporting both land line
and wireless transmission of image, audio and documentary data at
both a local and remote station.
[0010] Embodiments permit also permits digitized collection of
audio signals through the use of an internal microphone, and
external input device, a cellular telephone, land line telephone,
wireless radio or other communication system, and digitized audio
playback, as well The playback can be via an internal speaker, out
an external out jack to a remote device or via a cellular
telephone, land line telephone, wireless radio or other
communication system.
[0011] In embodiments, digitized image and audio capture features
permit association of audio with an image, as well as data with the
image. Useful data associated with the image includes GPS from
either internal or external GPS devices, range information from
ranging devices, date and time, and text which may be input from an
integrated keyboard or from a remote device.
[0012] In embodiments, a system supports storage of images in an
interim storage format including raw video, compressed video,
interim gray scale format and/or halftone format. In embodiments,
the image can also be stored in the selected output mode, such as
by way of example, a Group III facsimile mode. According to the
embodiments, the versatile capability of a system permits
transmission of captured data to a standard bi-level facsimile
machine such as Group III, to gray scale facsimile systems or full
color facsimile systems, as well as to other remote receiving
devices such as, by way of example, personal computers and network
servers. The data can be transferred in any of a variety of formats
and protocols including JPEG, FAX, wavelets, emerging imagery
formats, FAX and computer data protocols. Embodiments are adapted
to operate in multiple modes, with a unitary capture and send mode
or separate capture and store, and send modes.
[0013] In an embodiment, the system is adapted for tagging a
collected image, video, audio, and other data such as a GPS
information, with geospatial information and real time clock and
added text This permits the complete historical data to be
transmitted simultaneously with the image signal.
[0014] According to embodiments, is contemplated that a system can
be self-contained with an integral power unit such as a disposable
battery, rechargeable battery source or the like. Therefore, the
system is adapted to power up when in use and power down or "sleep"
when not activated, preserving power during idle time. The power
systems for the video camera, the video input circuits and
converters, the modem or other transmission devices and other high
drain components may he isolated and only powered when needed. This
also permits use of ancillary functions, such as use as a cellular
telephone, to proceed without draining the power source by powering
idle components. The processor clock rate may also be slowed down
during idle mode to further conserve power.
[0015] According to embodiments, where a system also includes
camera operation control capability through the use of
digital/analog circuits for converting digital commands to analog
signals for controlling the gain, pedestal, setup, white clip, lens
focus, white balance, lens iris, lens zoom and other functions of
the camera from a local input device, a remote device or as
automatic or programmed functions. The central processor can also
be used to control camera shutter rate. Other camera features and
parameters which can be controlled in this manner are compressor
resolution (such as high, medium, low user settings) corresponding
to compression rate parameters, field/frame mode, color or
monochrome, image spatial resolution (640.times.420 pixels,
320.times.240 pixels, for example), lens and camera adjustments,
input selection where multiple cameras or video sources are used
and the like.
[0016] According to embodiments, when an integrated communications
device is used, such as by way of example, a cellular telephone,
the telephone can be isolated from the rest of the system to permit
independent use, and independent power up and power off and other
cellular phone functions.
[0017] According to embodiments, in operation, a system permits not
only the manual capture, dial (select) and send of images, but can
also be fully automated to capture, dial and send, for example, on
a timed sequence or in response to a sensor such as a motion
sensor, video motion detection, or from a remote trigger device.
The remote trigger also can be activated by an incoming telephone
signal, for example.
[0018] In embodiments, a remote device can also be used for remote
loading and downloading of firmware, and for setting of the
programmable parameters such as to provide remote configuration of
sampling modes during capture, compression rates, triggering
methods and the like.
[0019] The triggering function penults a multitude of sampling
schemes for a simple triggered activation for capturing an image
upon initiation to a trigger signal to more complicated schemes for
capturing and transmitting images prior to and after receipt of the
trigger signal. The trigger function can be set to operate, for
example, on a time per sample and number of sample basis, or time
per sample and total sample time basis, or number of samples and
total time basis. Depending on application, the trigger can sample
in a prior to and after signal mode, using in combination the time
per sample and number of samples prior and after signal basis, a
total time basis, a percent prior versus percent after trigger
basis, time per sample basis, time prior to and time after trigger
basis, and other combination. For example, if the image capture
device is positioned to monitor traffic accidents at a specific
location, and an audio signal sensor identifying a crash were used
as the trigger, it would be desirable to collect image sample both
prior to and after the trigger signal. The number of samples, total
sample time, and percentage of samples prior to and after trigger
would be controlled by the specific application.
[0020] Circular sampling techniques are supported by a data capture
system of the present discloser. This is particularly useful when
triggering events are used to initiate transmission of collected
image data over the communications system. For example, if a
triggering event is motion detected at a motion sensor, it may be
useful to look at the images captured for a period of time both
prior to and after the actual event. The circuitry of subject
embodiments permit any circular sampling technique to be utilized
depending upon application, such as prior to an after trigger, only
after trigger or only before trigger or prior to and after the
trigger point. Again, as an example, it can be desirable to look
primarily at images captured before a triggering event if the event
is a catastrophic event such as an explosion or the like. Other
circular sampling techniques can be employed, as well,
incorporating multiple cameras, for example, wherein different
fields are sampled depending upon the time frame in a sequence of
events.
[0021] Embodiments provide an apparatus for capturing, converting
and transmitting a visual image via standard facsimile transmission
systems,
[0022] Embodiments provide au apparatus for compressing the visual
image data in order to minimize the capacity requirements of the
data capture and storage system.
[0023] Embodiments provide an apparatus for capturing and storing a
visual image for later recall and review and/or transmission.
[0024] Embodiments provide an apparatus for storing a captured
video image in digital format on a portable storage medium.
[0025] Embodiments provide an apparatus capable of sending and
receiving telephonic audio messages, facsimile documents and
captured visual images to and from standard, readily available
remote stations.
[0026] Embodiments provide the means and method for capturing
images prior to, prior to and after, or after a triggering
event.
[0027] Embodiments provide for multiple triggering events and/or
optional viewing or review of the captured images prior to printing
or transmission.
[0028] Embodiments provide an apparatus which may be activated from
a remote location for initiating the capture of images by the
device.
[0029] Other objects and features will be readily apparent from the
drawings and detailed description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a basic facsimile camera
configuration for capturing an image via a camera and transmitting
it via Group III facsimile transmission to a standard hard copy
medium.
[0031] FIG. 2 is similar to FIG. 1, but incorporates a memory
storage capability, permitting storage and optional review or
viewing of the image prior to transmission.
[0032] FIG. 3 is similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, but incorporates a data
compression scheme for increasing the capacity of the memory and
for increasing efficiency of transmission.
[0033] FIG. 4 includes the capture and transmission configuration
of FIG. 2, with multiple transmission format capability including
Group-III facsimile, personal computer, modem, parallel and serial
transmission schemes.
[0034] FIG. 5 is an exemplary schematic diagram supporting the
configurations shown in each of FIGS. 1-4.
[0035] FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C, are block diagrams of the physical
components of desktop, portable and comprehensive console
embodiments of the invention, respectively.
[0036] FIGS. 7A and 7B are perspective drawings of a hand held
device for capturing, storing and transmitting an image in
accordance with the invention
[0037] FIGS. 8A-1 through 8A-6, 8B-1 through 8B-6, 8C-1 through
8C-4, 8D-1 through 8D-30, 8E-1 through 8E-12, 8F, 8G, and 8L-1
through 8L-5, comprises a schematic diagram for an exemplary
embodiment of the circuit for supporting the subject invention.
[0038] FIG. 9 is a diagram of the various triggering sequence
options.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0039] According to embodiments, an image capture and transmission
system captures either one or more single frame analog images or a
digital images or image data or visual data or visual images, the
aforementioned hereinafter being referred to as an "image" or
"images", and transmits a captured image in digital signal via any
of a plurality of transmission schemes through a transmission
interface such as, for example, cellular transmission, radio
signal, satellite transmission, hard line telephonic transmission,
or other transmission to a remote receiving station where the image
is downloaded for viewing on a screen or printing on hard paper
copy, a CRT screen image, or other medium. According to
embodiments, a system is particularly well suited for sending
and/or receiving images via a standard Group III facsimile
transmission system and permits capture of the image at a remote
location using an analog or digital camera. Two generic
configurations are shown and described, the first, where each image
is transmitted as it is captured, and the second, which permits
capture, storage, and selective recall of captured images for
transmission. Embodiments also contemplate a portable storage
medium having the captured images stored thereon and which can be
removed from the capture and transmission unit and archived for
later use. While a system for black and white (gray tones) for
Group-III facsimile transmission is described in detail herein,
embodiments can be readily adapted to transmission of color images
utilizing the teachings of the present disclosure using industry
standard color video standards and circuits. Both portable, or hand
held, image capture and transmission units and stationary, or
desktop, image capture and transmission units are described. The
circuitry utilized for both configurations is identical, but
stationary configurations do not need a battery.
[0040] FIGS. 1-5 are circuit configuration diagrams for the various
capture, storage and transmission schemes. The physical embodiments
utilized to employ the teachings of the schemes taught in FIGS. 1-5
are not limited. FIGS. 6-10 are exemplary physical embodiments of
the subject invention.
[0041] Turning now to FIG. 1, an embodiment incorporates an image
capture device such as a standard analog or digital camera device
10 for capturing a visual image in the typical fashion. The camera
10 can be operator activated as indicated at 12, or can be
programmed to be activated at selected intervals or in response to
certain conditions. For example, a motion detector can be utilized
to activate the camera 10 in a surveillance installation. Once
activated, the camera 10 captures a visual image in typical fashion
through a lens (see lens 192, for example, in FIG. 7 A). In the
illustrated embodiment, the captured image is then transmitted to a
gray scale bit map memory device 16, from which it is output to a
half-tone conversion scheme 18 to be input into a binary bit map 20
for formatting the captured image in a configuration suitable for
transmission via a Group-III facsimile system. The signal generated
at 22 by the binary bit map 20 is input into a Group-III encoding
and compression network 24 for generating an output signal at 26
which is introduced into a Group III protocol transmission device
28. The output at 30 of the transmission device 28 is then
transmitted into any standard transmission interface such as, by
way of example, hard line telephonic transmission, cellular
transmission, radio signal, satellite transmission or other
transmission system 32 via a modem or similar device, as needed (as
diagrammatically illustrated at 29), to be received via a
compatible interface by a remote Group-III receiving system 34. The
Group III receiving system 34 is a typical Group-III facsimile
system comprising a Group-III receiver 36, decoder and decompress
or 38 and binary bit map 40, from which a facsimile hard copy such
as plain paper copy 42 can be generated.
[0042] According to an embodiment, the above-described
configuration is particularly well suited where near real time
transmission is desired, for example when the system is operator
controlled and a "real time" image is desired at a remote location.
An example of such a system can be a photo identification
confirmation of an apprehended suspect in law enforcement use, or
transmission of images of damaged assets for insurance purposes, or
transmission of images of construction job site conditions. This
configuration is also well suited for use in those applications
where a sensor activates the system and real time transmission of
the sensed condition is desired. An example of such a system would
be a motion activated camera in a surveillance location, where the
image is immediately transmitted to a remote monitoring station. Of
course, it will be readily understood by those who are skilled in
the art that tagging a transmitted image with information such as,
by way of example, date, time and location, can be incorporated in
the transmitted signal so that a receiving station could monitor a
plurality of remote image data capture systems. This is also useful
for reviewing a body of previously stored or printed images to
determine the time and location of such image.
[0043] The embodiment of FIG. 2 is similar to FIG. 1, but
incorporates a memory and optional operator viewer system. The
image is captured by the camera 10 and conditioned by the gray
scale bit map 16, as in FIG. 1. In this embodiment, the output 44
of the bit map 16 is input into a standard digital memory device 46
for later recall. This configuration is particularly well suited
for applications where near real time transmission of the image
either is not required or is not desirable. It will be noted that
with the exception of the insertion of the memory device 46 and the
optional viewer device 48, the capture and transmission system of
FIG. 2 is identical to that shown and described in FIG. 1. Once the
image is captured by the camera 10 and is presented at 44 to the
memory device 46, the image is stored for later recall and
transmission. The specific type of memory device is optional and
can include, for example, an SRAM device, a DRAM, Flash RAM, hard
drive, floppy disk, PCMCIA format removable memory (see, for
example, the PCMCIA card 72 in FIG. 7A), writeable optical media or
other storage device. The memory can selectively capture images, as
indicated by the operator interface/capture interface 52, or can be
programmed to selectively capture periodic images or all images. In
the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, an optional viewer device 48 is
provided and permits the operator to recall and view all or
selective images before transmission, as indicated by the operator
interface/recall interface 54. The optional viewer device 48
permits the operator to review all images retained in the memory 46
and transmit selective images, as desired, to the Group-III
transmission system. The remainder of the system of FIG. 2 operates
in the same manner as the configuration shown and described in FIG.
1.
[0044] The configuration of FIG. 3 incorporates all of the features
of FIGS. 1 and 2, and additionally, includes an interim data
compression and decompression scheme to permit increased
utilization of the memory or storage medium 46. As shown in FIG. 3,
an interim format compressor 56 is inserted between the gray scale
bit map 16 and the memory device 46. Insertion of the interim
format compressor 56 between the gray scale bit map 16 and the
memory device 46 permits compression and reduction of the data
required to store the image, effectively increasing the capacity of
the storage device or storage medium 46. Embodiments of the storage
device or storage medium 46 can preserve the gray scale Quality of
the image for viewing at the location of capture. An interim format
decompression device 58 is inserted between the output of the
memory device or storage medium 46 and the rest of the system,
whether the optional viewer 48 is utilized, or the output is
entered directly into the half-tone convertor 18. The interim
compression/decompression scheme is particularly useful when all of
the image data is to be permanently archived, or when limited
capacity portable media are used, such as, by way of example,
floppy disks or a portable PCMCIA card. It will be noted that the
remainder of the system shown in FIG. 3 is identical to the system
shown and described in FIG. 2.
[0045] FIG. 4 illustrates the use of the image capture and/or
retention configured in any of the optional embodiments of FIGS.
1-3 and adapted for use in combination with any of a variety of
transmitting and receiving schemes such as, by way of example, the
Group-III system shown in FIGS. 1-3, a modem, direct connection to
a personal computer, serial or parallel transmission, or any
selected transmitting/receiving protocol. This illustration
demonstrates the versatility of a system according to embodiments
once the image has been captured, converted and conditioned by the
image capture device of the disclosure. Specifically, once the
image is captured by the camera 10 and conditioned by the gray
scale bit map 16, it can be stored and transmitted, or transmitted
"near real time" via any transmitting and receiving scheme. As
shown in FIG. 4 the image capture device includes the memory device
46 and the optional viewer 48 for incorporating maximum capability.
However, any of the schemes of FIGS. 1-3 would be suitable for
producing a transmittable signal. In the embodiment shown, a format
select interface switch 60 is positioned to receive the fully
conditioned signal on line 59. The format select interface switch
60 can permit either automated or manual selection of the
transmitting protocol, including the Group-[J] facsimile system
previously described in connection with FIGS. 1-3, as indicated by
selecting format select switch 60 position A; or PC modem protocol
as illustrated by the JPEG compressor 62 and protocol generator 64,
as indicated by selecting format select switch position B; or the
wavelet compressor and PC modem protocol, as illustrated by the
wavelet compressor 66 and PC modem protocol generator 68 by
selecting switch position C; or any selected conversion network 65,
(if needed) with a compatible compressor 67 (if needed) and
compatible protocol generator 75 (if needed), as indicated by
switch position D; or a serial protocol scheme 77, with serial
drivers 79 directly to a hardwired personal computer 81 by
selecting switch position E. Of course, it will be readily
understood by those skilled in the art that one or a plurality of
transmitting protocols can be simultaneously selected. Depending on
the protocol selected, the signal output is generated at the
selected output module and introduced to a communications interface
module 83 via a modem or other device, as needed, for transmission
via a transmission system to a compatible receiving station such as
the Group-III facsimile device 34, the personal computer 85, the
video telephone 89, and/or other server or receiving device 91 for
distribution.
[0046] According to embodiments, an exemplary circuit supporting
the configurations of FIGS. 1-4 is shown in FIG. 5. With specific
reference to FIG. 5, an analog camera is indicated by the "video
in" signal at 70. Typically, the video signal is a composite
video/sync signal. The diagram shows all of the signal processing
necessary to sync up to an NTSC signal 70 coming out of the analog
camera and processed for introduction into an integral RAM memory
71 and/or a portable RAM memory via interface 73. An analog to
digital (NO) converter 74 converts the video portion of the analog
signal from the camera and produces the digital signal for output
at line 76. The digital output data on path 76 is introduced into a
data multiplexer circuit 81a and into the RAM memory unit(s) 71,
72. In the exemplary embodiment, the portable RAM memory 72 is an
image card such as, by way of example, a PCMC1A SRAM card or a
PCMC1A Flash RAM card. However, it will be readily understood that
any suitable RAM memory configuration can be used within the
teachings of the disclosure. In an embodiment, it is desirable to
store compressed rather than raw data portable memory in card 72
because of space and transmission speed factors.
[0047] As the signal at 70 is introduced into the circuit, the sync
detector 78 strips the sync signal portion off of the video signal.
The sync signal drives the video address generator 80 for providing
a signal used to generate an address signal at the address
multiplexer circuit 82 for synchronizing the scanned in video
signal with the locations in RAM to define each frame to be
captured. The read/write control 84 controls the coordination of
the sync signal 93 with the video signal to define a full frame.
Basically, when the camera is activated either by the operator or
by automation, the system processor 86 detects the initiation of
the camera and capture sequence and sends a signal via line 88 to
the read/write control 84. The read/write control then monitors the
incoming video signal 83a to find the horizontal and vertical sync
pulse to identify the beginning of a frame. The read/write control
then initiates writing to memory at the RAM devices to initiate
capture of the frame. The read/write control continues to "write"
to memory until the appropriate sync signal is received, indicating
the end of the frame. At this point a single frame is captured in
RAM 71 and/or on the portable medium RAM 72.
[0048] This frame can now be output from the system via any of the
available transmitting schemes. In the exemplary embodiment. the
processor 86 can be any processor or such as a microprocessor or
DSP, with sufficient capability to perform the described functions.
The processor bus is indicated at 87. The circuitry supporting the
processor comprises the processor chip 86 and the control store
memory (ROM, Flash RAM, PROM, EPROM or the like) 92 for storing the
software program executed by the processor. It will be understood
that other memory devices can be utilized without departing from
the disclosure. For example, a Flash RAM can permit flexibility and
replacement of the program for upgrades and enhancements. The user
interface commands are generated and interpreted by the software
that is being executed by the processor 86.
[0049] The display unit 96 is connected through a typical interface
94, and provides a visual user interface at the camera body to give
the operator a visual read-out of the status of the collection and
transmission of a selected frame. In an exemplary embodiment. the
display unit is a two line. multi-character LCD display, but other
sizes or technology displays could be readily incorporated.
depending, for example, on the amount of graphics desired in the
display module. The bank of operator buttons and/or switches 98 are
connected to the system through the button interface 100.
[0050] The general purpose control register 102 serves as a latch
and permits control bits to be introduced from the processor 86 to
the transmitting systems or to transfer status bits from the
transmitting systems back to the processor in the well known
manner. The modem 104 may be any of a variety of widely available
modems or modem chip sets currently in commercial use. The modem
should support CCITT Group-III fax format for transmission to
Group-III fax machines. Once the signal is introduced into the
modem 104, it is handled in typical fashion to provide input/output
transmissions: (1) from the subject device to a hardwired
telephonic line as indicated at 114, (2) from the subject device to
the external facsimile machine as indicated at 116, or (3) Tom the
subject device to an external wireless device telephone as
indicated at 130. The specific selection is controlled by the user
at button module 98 in conjunction with the processor 86.
[0051] An isolation transformer 110 is provided to isolate the
circuitry connected to external communications circuit from the
circuitry of the subject device. The relays at 108 and 112 permit
patching directly into the hardwired telephonic line and to the
telephone company system as indicated at 114, to an external
handset or fax machine at 116, or to the modem 104, whereby
facsimile data can be sent and received via the modem. These relays
could be mechanical or solid state. The relay 118 is connected to a
tone source 120 for providing an audible tone signaling to the user
that the system is being used for transmitting or receiving a
captured image.
[0052] With specific reference to the circuitry associated with
relay 112, it will be noted that when the handset is switched away
from the phone line to the tone source, the modem transformer 110
is switched to the telephone line 114. This blocks normal audio
telephone service and permits the transmission of an image signal
from the RAM devices 71 or 72, through the modem 104, and to the
telephone line 114.
[0053] In the exemplary embodiment, a stand alone facsimile machine
can be connected through the external handset jack at 116. With
relay 112 set to activate telephone service and the tone generator
120 disconnected, the relay 108 can be set in either of two
positions. The first position, as drawn, connects the facsimile
machine at jack 116 to the telephone line, permitting standard
facsimile transmission. The second or alternative position permits
the modem J04 to transmit the image data signal directly to the
facsimile machine at jack 116, for providing an archive copy or the
like. In this configuration, the facsimile machine will operate as
a local printer for printing the captured images. Signal source 120
may be used as a ringing voltage generator for signaling such
facsimile machine prior to connection.
[0054] A system of the present [invention] disclosure also
contemplates wireless transmission over a cellular telephone, radio
frequency, satellite transmission or the like. In an exemplary
embodiment, the specific configuration for a cellular telephone
interface is shown in detail. The amplifiers 122, 124 amplify the
input of the modern 104 and arc controlled by the FETs 126, 128,
respectively. The FETs are controlled by the control register 102
and allow selection of the audio either coming in from the cellular
interface 130 or from the telephone line 104 to the modem. This
permits the cellular phone to be used for three distinct functions:
(1) as an audio telephone, (2) as a transmitting system for
transmitting the captured image and related signals via a cellular
system, and (3) for receiving incoming transmissions to the
processor. such as remote control, remote configuration or
images.
[0055] In the exemplary embodiment, the image card 72 is a DRAM
card or non-volatile storage card such as a Flash RAM or the like
and provides a removable medium for storing the image data as
either raw or compressed data. The card can also be used to store
compressed data sent into the system via external facsimile
transmission. As illustrated. the system is capable of both sending
and receiving image data via Group-III fax or other protocol. By
incorporating the digital to analog (D/A) converter into the system
and pulling the signal from the RAM 71 (or portable RAM 72), the
signal can be displayed right at the camera viewfinder 134 or other
display device connected at port 138. A sync generator 136 is
incorporated to provide synchronization of incoming data in the
same manner. The sync detector 78 is utilized to define a
frame-by-frame 1 correlation of the data generated by the camera at
the video input 70 for storage to memory 71 or 72.
[0056] Any standard power source may be utilized, including
replaceable or rechargeable batteries 141 or an AC adapter 142. The
AC adapter is particularly suitable for desktop applications.
[0057] The exemplary embodiment includes a speaker or other audio
transducer 144 for emitting a detectable signal whenever the user
interface merits its use, such as user induced errors, system
errors, user attention getting and the like.
[0058] In order to send a facsimile transmission over a typical
Group-III Facsimile system, the multiplexer 82 is switched to the
processor 86 such that the RAM address is generated by the
processor 82 instead of the video address generator signal. In the
facsimile transmitting mode, the processor accesses the RAM and
manipulates the data representing each frame image. For example,
the processor will perform the gray scale to halftone conversions
described in connection with FIGS. 1-4 to prepare the signal for
facsimile transmission. The processor can also perform image
compression and output the image as a gray scale. In the facsimile
transmission mode, once the half tone conversion is completed; the
processor executes a code for performing a bi-Level compression of
the data and the signal representing the frame data is output over
line 90. through the multiplexer 81a and over the processor bus 87
to the processor 86, then to modem 104 for transmission. Other
memory and processor configurations could be used without departing
from the scope and spirit of the invention, as will be recognized
by those skilled in the art.
[0059] Various physical configurations of embodiments are shown in
FIGS. 7A & 7B. FIGS. 6A. 6B and 6C are block diagrams for
desktop and portable units. FIGS. 7A and 7B illustrate embodiments
as incorporated in a standard 35 millimeter type camera
housing.
[0060] A basic desktop system according to embodiments is shown in
FIG. 6A, and includes a console unit having a telephone jack 152,
an external telephone connection 154 and a video input/camera power
jack 156 for connecting the analog camera 10. A facsimile machine
can also be connected at jack 154 to provide local printer
capability. The configuration shown in FIG. 6B is a basic portable
system. with a battery powered portable module 160 having a
self-contained power source 162. The system can include an integral
RAM and/or the removable memory module as indicated by the image
card 72. The camera 10 can be an integral feature of the portable
module 160, or may be a detached unit, as desired. In the
illustrated embodiment, a cellular telephone 164 is provided with a
data jack 166 for connecting to the output jack 168 of the module,
whereby the image data signal can be transmitted via the cellular
telephone to a remote facsimile machine over standard cellular and
telephone company facilities. When incorporating the circuitry of
FIG. 5, the cellular phone can be used as both an input and an
output device, and incoming data or stored images can be viewed
through the viewfinder 170.
[0061] FIG. 6C shows a comprehensive desk or stationary
configuration incorporating all of the features supported by the
circuitry of FIG. 5. As there shown, the control module 172 is
adapted for receiving the image card 72 and is powered by an AC
power adapter as indicated at 142. The camera 10 is connected to
the module via a hardwired connection at jack 174. A monitor 176 is
provided for viewing data images. A video cassette recorder 178 is
provided and may be used as an auxiliary input device for the
images transmitted from the system. The facsimile machine 180 can
be used as a local printer, or can be used to send facsimiles
transmissions in the well-known manner. Direct connections to the
telephone line system are provided at jack 182. The FAX/phone jack
186 can be connected to a facsimile machine 180 and/or a standard
telephone 184, where the public telephone system can be accessed. A
data jack 188 is used to connect to a cellular telephone or the
cellular modem, or other wireless device for transmission or
reception of image data.
[0062] According to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 78,
the camera body 190 is similar to a standard 35 millimeter camera
housing and is adapted to receive a standard lens 192 with a
viewfinder 194. The electronics are housed in the casing in the
area normally occupied by the film and film advancing implements.
The operator interface button keys 98 are housed within the housing
and can be positioned on the back plate 196 of the body. FIG. 8,
The LCD unit can be positioned to be visible through the viewfinder
194 or can be in a separate back window 198. The memory card 72 is
positioned in a slot 200 provided in a sidewall of the camera body.
In the illustrated embodiment, camera body 190 has the appearance
of a standard SLR 35 millimeter camera. In addition, where desired,
an integral cellular phone can be incorporated in the camera
housing and transmission can be sent directly from the camera
housing to a remote receiving station. The keypad for the telephone
is indicated at 202.
[0063] FIG. 8 is an illustration of an exemplary schematic diagram
for the circuit of a system according to embodiments as
specifically taught in the diagram of FIG. 5. Pin numbers, wiring
harnesses and components are as shown on the drawing. FIG. 8, part
A, is the system interconnect and shows the central processor board
300, the video board 302, the power board 304 and the CRT
electronic interconnect board 306. The (telephone interface is
provided at 307. Board 308 is the audio connector board. Board 310
is the serial connector board and board 312 is the video connector
board. FIG. 8, part B contains the audio logic, with audio 110 at
314. The audio amplifiers are designated 316 and 318. A microphone
connector is provided at 320. with preamplifier circuit 322. Audio
switches are provided at 324 and 326. Summing circuit 328 provides
audio summing. The serial RAM for audio is designated 330. FIG. 8,
part C includes the camera module 332 and the camera control
digital to analog convertor 334. Amplifier 336 is the video buffer.
Module 338 is the camera shutter control resistor.
[0064] FIG. 8. part D contains the central processor unit 340.
Voltage in is at 342. with the power switch at FET 344. Power
shutdown is provided at the video shutdown bit 346. The video
connector is designated at 348. Pin I is switched five volts out to
video logic. Pins 2-9 are connected to the video data bus and pins
10-22 are video control signals. Buffers 350 and 352 are the video
board I/O isolation buffers. As shown, pin 19 of buffer 352 is the
output enable and are connected to the video shutdown bit 346. Line
354 is bus enable. Pin AO of buffer 350 is the direction control
signal and pins AI A7 are connected to the processor data bus. Pins
10-17 of buffer 352 are also connected to the processor bus.
[0065] The system DRAM memory is designated 356. The processor 110
module is designated 358 and the 110 decoder is provided at 360. A
non-volatile RAM 362 provides system parameters. The processor
oscillator is shown at 364 and a real time clock at 366. Controller
368 is the RAM card controller. The PCMCIA socket for the RAM card
is shown at 370a and 370b. The modem is designated 372. The serial
controller is shown at 374 with serial controller oscillator 376.
Module 378 is a memory module. A signal buffer is provided at 380,
and an address decoder at 382. Connectors are designated at 384,
386 and 388.
[0066] FIG. 8, part E shows the modem hoard connector at 390, the
glue logic PLD at 392 and the glue logic module at 394. Module 396
is the synchronous/asynchronous serial controller. Circuit 398 is
the signal multiplex relay and circuit 400 is the transmit/PTT
relay. Bypass relays are shown at 402. Relay 404 is the digital
mode relay. Transformer 406 is the audio isolation transformer.
Circuit 408 provides a low speed data filter. The line drivers are
designated 410 and the line rectifiers are designated 412,
respectively. Connector 414 provides radio/serial data
connection.
[0067] FIG. 8, part F shows the status LED's 416 and the PCMCIA
door open switch 418. FIG. 8, part G shows the power switches 420.
FIG. 8, part H is the battery pack 422.
[0068] FIG. 8, part L shows the push button control switches as 490
and 492. The keyboard display is designated 494, and the
microcontroller 496 is the keyboard and keyboard display
microcontroller. The backlight circuitry is designated at 498, with
the back light control at 500. Module 502 is the LCD module.
[0069] The circuitry supports any of the configurations such as,
for example, a basic near real time transmission system via
Group-III fax or a comprehensive system supporting both land line
and wireless transmission of image, audio and documentary data at
both a local and remote station.
[0070] Embodiments permit digitized collection of audio signals
through the use of an internal microphone, and external input
device, a cellular telephone, land line telephone, wireless radio
or other communication system, and digitized audio playback, as
well. The playback can be via an internal speaker, out an external
out jack to a remote device or via a cellular telephone, land line
telephone, wireless radio or other communication system.
[0071] The digitized image and audio capture features permit
association of audio with an image, as well as data with the image.
Useful data associated with the image includes GPS from either
internal or external GPS devices, date and time, and text which may
be input from an integrated keyboard or from a remote location.
[0072] According to the embodiments, a system supports storage of
images in an interim storage format including raw video, interim
gray scale format and/or half tone format. The image can also be
stored in the selected output mode, such as by way of example, a
Group III facsimile mode. The versatile capability of the system
permits transmission of captured data to a standard bi-level
facsimile machine such as Group III, to gray scale facsimile
systems or full color facsimile systems, as well as to other remote
receiving devices such as, by way of example, personal computers
and network servers. The data can be transferred in any of a
variety of formats and protocols including JPEG, FAX, emerging
imagery fondants, wavelets and data protocols. Embodiments are
adapted to operate in multiple modes, with a unitary capture and
send mode or separate capture and store, and send modes. In an
embodiment, the system is adapted for tagging a collected image,
video, audio, and other data such as a GPS signal, with a real time
clock and added text. This permits the complete historical data to
be transmitted simultaneously with the image signal.
[0073] It is contemplated that a system according to embodiments
can be self-contained with an integral power unit such as a
rechargeable battery source or the like. Therefore, the system can
be adapted to power up when in use and power down when not
activated, preserving power during idle time. The power systems for
the video camera, the video input circuits and converters, the
modem or other transmission devices and other high drain components
can be isolated and only powered when needed. This also permits use
of ancillary functions, such as use as a cellular telephone, to
proceed without draining the power source by powering idle
components. The processor clock rate can also be slowed down during
idle mode to further conserve power.
[0074] Where desired, a system according to embodiments also
includes camera operation control capability through the use of a
digital Vanalog network for converting digital commands to analog
signals for controlling the gain, pedestal, setup, white clip, lens
focus, and other functions of the camera from a local input device,
a remote device or as programmed functions. The central processor
can also be used to control camera shutter rate. Camera features
and parameters which can be controlled in this manner are
compressor resolution (high, medium, low), field/frame mode, color
or monochrome, image spatial resolution (640.times.430,
320.times.240, for example), lens and camera adjustments, input
selection where multiple cameras are used and the like.
[0075] When an integrated communications device is used, such as by
way of example, a cellular telephone, the telephone can be isolated
from the rest of the system to permit independent use, and
independent power up and power off and other cellular phone
functions.
[0076] In operation, a system according to the embodiments permits
the manual capture. dial (select) and send of images and can also
be fully automated to capture. dial and send, for example. on a
timed sequence or in response to a sensor such as a motion sensor
or from a remote trigger device. The remote trigger can be
activated by an incoming telephone signal, for example. The remote
device can also be use for remote loading and downloading of
firmware. and of the programmable devices. as well as to provide
remote configuration of sampling modes during both the capture and
the send functions.
[0077] Circular sampling techniques are supported by a data capture
system according to embodiments. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating
exemplary sampling techniques in accordance with the teachings of
the disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9. the time sequence is indicated
by the Time Line: t1 . . . t2 . . . tn. with a sample at each time
interval. as indicated by S I . . . So. For purposes of
illustration. the triggering event occurs at time interval t 10.
Based on the predetermined programming of the system, images will
start to be collected upon triggering event. as shown at 210, for a
predetermined period prior to and after trigger. as shown at 212,
or immediately preceding the trigger, as shown at 214. This permits
"circular image storage" without requiring that all images be
collected and stored in order to look at events surrounding a
triggering event. Circular sampling techniques are also very useful
when multiple overlapping zones are monitored by multiple devices
and it is desirable to sequence from device to device without
losing any critical images.
[0078] Circular sampling techniques are particularly useful when
triggering events are used to initiate transmission of collected
image data over the communications system. For example, if a
triggering event is motion detected at a motion sensor, it may be
useful to look at the images captured for a period of time both
prior to and after the actual event. The circuitry of embodiments
permits any circular sampling technique to be utilized depending
upon application, such as prior to an after trigger, only after
trigger or only before trigger. Again, as an example, it can be
desirable to look primarily at images captured before a triggering
event if the event is a catastrophic event such as an explosion or
the like. Other circular sampling techniques can be employed, as
well, incorporating multiple cameras, for example, wherein
different fields are sampled depending upon the time frame in a
sequence of events.
[0079] Other configurations are contemplated and are within the
teachings of the disclosure. While specific embodiments have been
shown and described herein, it will be understood that the
invention includes all modifications and enhancements within the
scope and spirit of the claims.
* * * * *