U.S. patent application number 14/288205 was filed with the patent office on 2014-11-20 for systems and methods for searchable time-based offers.
This patent application is currently assigned to eWinWin, Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is eWinWin, Inc.. Invention is credited to Gregory J. Mesaros.
Application Number | 20140344096 14/288205 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 42941279 |
Filed Date | 2014-11-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140344096 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Mesaros; Gregory J. |
November 20, 2014 |
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SEARCHABLE TIME-BASED OFFERS
Abstract
A multiple criteria buying and selling system and method is
provided. A seller initially establishes a deal structure for a
product, which provides seller defined selling criteria information
relating to the purchasing of the product, such as volume per unit
price, quality, delivery time and warranty information. A buyer
will be able to review a list of deals if the seller's selling
criteria matches a buyer defined buying criteria. The deal
structure is preferably set up so as to provide buyers with both
price and non-price criteria information that the buyer's would
consider important in a purchase of the type of product being
offered by the seller. The deal structure is electronically made
available to potential buyers of the product. For example, the deal
structure may be displayed on an Internet site.
Inventors: |
Mesaros; Gregory J.; (Tampa,
FL) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
eWinWin, Inc. |
Tampa |
FL |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
eWinWin, Inc.
Tampa
FL
|
Family ID: |
42941279 |
Appl. No.: |
14/288205 |
Filed: |
May 27, 2014 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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13681403 |
Nov 19, 2012 |
8738462 |
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14288205 |
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13271464 |
Oct 12, 2011 |
8341035 |
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13681403 |
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12887778 |
Sep 22, 2010 |
8196811 |
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13271464 |
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09426063 |
Oct 22, 1999 |
7818212 |
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12887778 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
705/26.4 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06F 16/951 20190101;
G06Q 40/04 20130101; G06Q 30/0601 20130101; G06Q 30/0605 20130101;
G06Q 10/06375 20130101; G06Q 30/0633 20130101; G06Q 30/0611
20130101; G06Q 30/0627 20130101; G06Q 30/0623 20130101; G06Q
30/0613 20130101; G06Q 30/0603 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
705/26.4 |
International
Class: |
G06Q 30/06 20060101
G06Q030/06; G06F 17/30 20060101 G06F017/30 |
Claims
1. (canceled)
2. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having
embodied thereon instructions executable by a processor to: receive
product data from a merchant associated with selling a good or
service, the product data including: defined characteristics of the
good or service, and an established value of the good or service;
construct an index of offers according to a category of the good or
service associated with the product data, wherein the index is
searchable according to the category or the product data; and
receive a search query including at least one of: the product data,
a buyer-generated criterion related to a desired good or service,
the buyer-generated criterion not provided as a part of the product
data, and a quality value associated with the good or service,
wherein the at least one of the product data, the buyer-generated
criterion, or the quality value received as part of the search
query constitute a range; and output search results responsive to
the search query.
3. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the instructions are further executable by a processor to
store data associated with the buyer-generated criterion and
wherein the instructions are further executable by a processor to
transmit a notification that identifies the buyer-generated
criterion to the merchant.
4. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the product data or the buyer-generated criterion includes
information related to a delivery option.
5. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the product data includes information related to a
condition of the good or service.
6. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the buyer-generated criterion is a rating.
7. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the instructions are further executable by a processor to
construct an inference that relates to at least one of: the good or
service, a provider of the good or service, an entity providing the
search query, or a relationship by and between the entity, the
provider, or the good or service.
8. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the product data includes a feature associated with the
good or service.
9. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the index of offers is based upon receipt of the product
data from a plurality of merchants.
10. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the product data are selected from a list of possible
product data.
11. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the buyer-generated criterion is selected from a list of
possible criteria.
12. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the buyer-generated criterion is a free form input of a
user.
13. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the product data includes a geographic location.
14. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the product data includes selectable options.
15. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the range refers to limits of a series.
16. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 1,
wherein the instructions are further executable by a processor to
register a buyer, wherein registering includes: receiving buyer
registration information, including a physical address, an email
address, a password, and credit card information of the buyer,
storing in memory the buyer registration information in a buyer
database, and matching at least one good or service to the buyer
based on at least some part of the buyer registration information
in the buyer database.
17. A system that facilitates the sale of a good or service, the
system comprising: a network communications interface that receives
product data from a merchant associated with selling a good or
service; a processor; and a memory that stores the product data,
the product data including: defined characteristics of the good or
service, and an established value of the good or service, the
memory further storing instructions executable by the processor to:
construct an index of offers according to a category of the good or
service associated with the product data, wherein the index is
searchable according to the category or the product data, and
output results responsive to a search query, the search query
including at least one of: the product data, a buyer-generated
criterion related to a desired good or service, the buyer-generated
criterion not provided as a part of the product registration data,
and a quality value associated with the good or service, wherein
the at least one of the product data, buyer-generated criterion, or
quality value is received as part of the search query constitute a
range.
18. The system of claim 17, wherein the product data or
buyer-generated criterion includes information related to a
delivery option.
19. The system of claim 17, wherein the buyer-generated criterion
is selectable from a set of options.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application is a continuation and claims the
benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/681,403 filed Nov.
19, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,738,462, which is a continuation and
claims the priority benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
13/271,464 filed Oct. 12, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,341,035, which
is a continuation and claims the benefit of U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 12/887,778 filed Sep. 22, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No.
8,196,811, which is a continuation and claims the priority benefit
of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/426,063 filed Oct. 22, 1999,
now U.S. Pat. No. 7,818,212, the disclosures of which are
incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Technical Field
[0003] The present invention relates to an e-commerce multiple
criteria buying and selling methodology and more particularly to a
method and apparatus of using the e-commerce multiple criteria
buying and selling methodology to conduct business
electronically.
[0004] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0005] The buying and selling of products and services has resulted
in a vast array of buying schemes which are used to vary the price
at which such products are sold.
[0006] One of the most common buying schemes which business
encounter everyday is known as volume buying. According to this
buying scheme, sellers set a fixed unit price for their products
based on the volume of units that a buyer is willing to purchase.
Buyers desiring to purchase products from the seller are each
required to pay the same fixed price depending on the volume of
units the buyer is purchasing. If a seller finds that the demand
for a given product is greater or less than expected, the seller
may later adjust the fixed price per unit of the product to account
for such findings. Although the fixed price per unit system
provides a simple way for a seller to conduct business with
multiple buyers, one drawback of this buying scheme is that it
fails to provide buyers with a choice between a variety of
different buying criteria that may be just as important or more
important to the buyer than price.
[0007] For example, a buyer that is in need of goods, such as raw
materials to make products for an expedited order may be willing to
pay a higher price for a faster delivery time. Another buyer may be
concerned with the quality of the goods they are purchasing, such
that the buyer would pay a higher price for goods having a minimum
number of defects. Yet another buyer may be concerned with the
warranty time allotted for the goods they are purchasing, and may
want the warranty of the goods that they are purchasing to match or
exceed the warranty the buyers are offering their own
customers.
[0008] Yet another buying scheme that has been advanced in recent
years is buyer-driven bidding. According to this buying scheme, a
single buyer desiring to obtain a product communicates a price at
which the buyer is willing to purchase the product to multiple
sellers. Each of the sellers is provided an opportunity to review
the buyer's price. A sale is complete when one of the sellers
agrees to sell the product to the buyer at the price suggested by
the buyer. A buyer-driven bidding scheme is described in U.S. Pat.
No. 5,794,207 assigned to Walker Asset Management Limited
Partnership of Stamford, Conn. Another buyer-driven bidding scheme
is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,897,620 assigned to priceline.com
Inc. of Stamford, Conn. While the buyer-driven bidding scheme
provides advantages for certain types of transactions when, for
example, sellers may be willing to sell products at lower than
normal prices, the uncertainties involved with whether a buyer's
offer will be accepted is often problematic for high volume
commercial transactions in which the reliability that a transaction
will be complete is of paramount importance. Another problem with
the present buying schemes is that the buyers have no control in
determining the criteria of the product or services that they may
receive, while the seller has no control of the type of purchase
that the buyers request.
[0009] While the buying schemes described above have various
advantages and disadvantages in different situations, a commonality
among all of the buying schemes is that each buyer is not given the
opportunity to choose amongst different buying criteria, which
could be more important to the buyer than the price of the goods
and/or services. Furthermore, each seller is not given a chance to
offer their goods and/or services based on different selling
criteria. In many instances sellers are not even aware of what
buyers consider important buying criteria. Additionally, sellers
are sometimes not aware of what other selling criteria that other
sellers might offer buyers.
[0010] Accordingly, there is a strong need in the art for a
multiple criteria buying and selling scheme that provides both
buyers and sellers more control in a commercial purchasing
transaction, and overcomes the above mentioned drawbacks.
SUMMARY OF THE CLAIMED INVENTION
[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present
invention, a multiple criteria buying and selling methodology is
provided. The multiple criteria buying and selling methodology is
structured to provide buyers and sellers with a variety of
information relating to criteria in the purchasing of products to
complete a business transaction. By providing the buyers and
sellers with a variety of information, the buyers are able to make
informed decisions in the buying process relating to each buyers'
particular needs, and the sellers are able to control the type of
purchases for their goods and services. To facilitate buying and
selling products using the multiple criteria buying and selling
methodology, an electronic forum is provided whereby buyers and
sellers are able to conveniently exchange information and order
products.
[0012] In the multiple criteria buying and selling methodology, a
seller initially establishes a deal structure for a product, which
provides selling criteria information relating to the purchasing of
the product, such as volume per unit price, quality, delivery time
and warranty information that a buyer will be able to review if the
selling criteria matches a buyer inputted buying criteria. The deal
structure is preferably set up so as to provide buyers with both
price and non-price criteria information that the buyer's would
consider important in a purchase of the type of product being
offered by the seller. The deal structure is electronically made
available to potential buyers of the product. For example, the deal
structure may be displayed on an Internet site.
[0013] Accordingly, the multiple criteria buying and selling
methodology provides more control for both buyers and sellers in
the purchasing process. Buyers define the buying criteria they feel
is important in purchasing a particular good or service. Sellers
define the selling criteria they feel is important to both the
buyer and the seller. The buyer is provided with a list of deals in
which the buyer's buying criteria falls within the seller's selling
criteria. Furthermore, the multiple criteria buying and selling
methodology encourages the completion of deals. The multiple
criteria buying and selling methodology allows a buyer to complete
a deal in an expedited manner. The buyer can control the buying
criteria and the seller can control the selling criteria, allowing
a more efficient manner of conducting business.
[0014] Thus, according to one aspect of the present invention, a
business transaction methodology is provided. The methodology
includes the steps of offering a plurality of deals for at least
one of a product and service offered by at least one seller
inputting a plurality of buying criteria by a buyer for the at
least one of a product and service, and outputting a list of deals
from amongst the plurality of deals that match the buying criteria
of the buyer.
[0015] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention
an Internet business transaction system is provided. The Internet
business transaction system, includes a computer adapted to be
employed by a facilitator for hosting a commercial transaction over
the Internet, the computer providing access to at least one buyer
and at least one seller to carry out the commercial transaction,
wherein at least one buyer makes a purchase from the at least one
seller when a plurality of buying criteria defined by the buyer
matches a plurality of selling criteria defined by the seller.
[0016] In accordance with yet another aspect of the present
invention, a method of conducting a business transaction is
provided. The method includes the steps of electronically offering
a plurality of deals on at least one of a product and service for
sale, each of said plurality of deals being based on different
offering criteria than each other of said plurality of deals,
electronically searching the deals on the product for sale based on
a plurality of ordering criteria, outputting a list of deals of the
plurality of deals which offering criteria matches the ordering
criteria and selecting one of the deals of the list of deals which
offering criteria matches the ordering criteria.
[0017] In accordance with another aspect of the present invention,
an electronic signal is provided that is adapted to be transmitted
between at least two computers. The electronic signal includes an
algorithm for matching a buyer with at least one deal offered by at
least one seller, the algorithm matches the buyer with the at least
one deal based on a plurality of buying criteria defined by the
buyer which matches a plurality of selling criteria defined by the
at least one seller.
[0018] In accordance with yet another aspect of the present
invention an Internet business transaction system is provided. The
internet business transaction system includes means for hosting a
commercial transaction over the Internet, the means for hosting
provides access to at least one buyer and at least one seller to
carry out the commercial transaction, wherein the at least one
buyer makes a purchase from the at least one seller when a
plurality of ordering criteria, fall within the outer limits of a
plurality of offering criteria, each ordering criteria being based
on a buyer defined buying criteria, and each offering criteria
being defined by the seller.
[0019] In accordance with yet another aspect of the present
invention an Internet business transaction system is provided. The
Internet business transaction system includes a first computer
adapted to be employed by a facilitator for hosting a commercial
transaction over the Internet, a second computer adapted to be used
by a buyer to link to the first computer to participate in the
commercial transaction, a third computer adapted to be used by a
seller to link to the first computer to participate in the
commercial transaction, wherein the buyer makes a purchase from the
seller when a plurality of buyer defined buying criteria matches a
plurality of seller defined selling criteria.
[0020] In accordance with yet another aspect of the present
invention a server is provided. The server includes a processor, a
memory coupled to the processor, and a network interface coupled to
the processor for transmitting and receiving data with at least one
remote computer system, wherein a plurality of deals for a product
offered for sale electronically is stored in the memory, each of
the plurality of deals having different seller defined selling
criteria, and wherein the server is configured to receive orders
for the product from a plurality of different buyers via the at
least one remote computer system, by providing the plurality of
different buyers with at least one deal of the plurality of deals
matching a plurality of buyer defined buying criteria.
[0021] In accordance with still yet another aspect of the present
invention, a system for conducting business electronically is
provided. The system includes a central server, at least one
computer system coupled to the server via a network, wherein a
plurality of deals for a product offered for sale electronically is
stored in the central server, each of the plurality of deals having
different seller defined selling criteria, and wherein the server
is configured to receive orders for the product from a plurality of
different buyers via the at least one remote computer system, by
providing the plurality of buyers with at least one deal of the
plurality of deals matching a plurality of buyers defined buying
criteria.
[0022] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the
invention then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described
and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following
description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain
illustrative embodiments of the invention. These embodiments are
indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the
principles of the invention may be employed and the present
invention is intended to include all such embodiments and their
equivalents. Other objects, advantages and novel features of the
invention will become apparent from the following detailed
description of the invention when considered in conjunction with
the drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] FIG. 1 illustrates a diagrammatic view of a system for
electronically conducting business in accordance with one aspect of
the present invention;
[0024] FIG. 2a illustrates a block diagram of a central server in
accordance with one aspect of the present invention;
[0025] FIG. 2b is a schematic illustration of a client computer
operatively coupled to a server computer system in accordance with
one aspect of the present invention;
[0026] FIG. 3 illustrates a web page providing options to buyers
and sellers desiring to conduct business electronically in
accordance with one aspect of the present invention;
[0027] FIG. 4a illustrates a buyer's buying criteria input screen
in accordance with one aspect of the present invention;
[0028] FIG. 4b illustrates a buyer's product ordering criteria
input screen in accordance with one aspect of the present
invention;
[0029] FIG. 4c illustrates a list of seller's deals matching the
buyer's product ordering criteria in accordance with one aspect of
the present invention;
[0030] FIG. 5 illustrates a flow chart for a buyer desiring to
conduct business electronically in accordance with one aspect of
the present invention;
[0031] FIG. 6 illustrates an on-line registration form for a buyer
in accordance with one aspect of the present invention;
[0032] FIG. 7 illustrates a buyer database stored in a central
server in accordance with one aspect of the present invention;
[0033] FIG. 8a illustrates a web page for a buyer to create or
modify a deal in accordance with one aspect of the present
invention;
[0034] FIG. 8b illustrates a seller's buying and selling criteria
input screen in accordance with one aspect of the present
invention;
[0035] FIG. 8c illustrates a seller's product ordering criteria
input screen in accordance with one aspect of the present
invention;
[0036] FIG. 8d illustrates a input screen for adding buying and
selling criteria to the deal in accordance with one aspect of the
present invention;
[0037] FIG. 9 illustrates a flow chart for a seller desiring to
conduct business electronically in accordance with one aspect of
the present invention;
[0038] FIG. 10 illustrates an on-line registration form for a
seller in accordance with one aspect of the present invention;
and
[0039] FIG. 11 illustrates a seller database stored in the central
server in accordance with one aspect of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] The present invention will now be described with respect to
the accompanying drawings in which like numbered elements represent
like parts.
[0041] Referring initially to FIG. 1, a system 10 is shown in which
multiple buyers 15 and sellers 20 are electronically linked via a
central server 25. As discussed in more detail below, the central
server 25 is configured to provide the buyers 15 and sellers 20
with a convenient forum in which to buy and sell goods in
accordance with a multiple criteria buying and selling methodology
described herein. The forum may, for example, be a preestablished
Internet web page where sellers 20 are able to post product
information and the buyers 15 are able to order products. The
multiple criteria buying scheme preferably calls for a seller 20 to
post a number of deals for a given product, which vary according to
different offering criteria defining the limits of a number of
selling criteria, such as for example, price, volume, quality and
delivery time. Each buyer 15 is able to enter a range of criteria
that the buyer would require for a deal to be made. A list of
sellers and prospective deals offered by these sellers is generated
for the buyers to review. Each buyer 15 can then review the list of
deals and choose a deal based on the buyers particular needs. In
this manner, each of the buyers 15 can be certain that particular
thresholds have been met and also be guaranteed of completing a
deal.
[0042] It is to be appreciated that the present invention has wide
applicability to the purchasing and/or selling of a variety of
different products and/or services. For example, the present
invention may be applied within the context of purchasing and/or
selling airline tickets wherein buyers criteria may include, for
example: (1) reputation of airline; (2) reliability; (3)
timeliness; (4) price; (5) number of alternative flights; (6)
comfort; (7) quality of service; and (8) quality of foods. The
sellers' criteria may include, for =1 example: (1) volume of
tickets; (2) buyer's versatility in time schedule; (3) buyer's
method of payment, etc.
[0043] The invention may also be applied in the context of
purchasing and/or selling an automobile wherein the buyers'
criteria may include, for example: (1) reputation of automobile
manufacturer, (2) reputation of dealer; (3) price of automobile;
(4) delivery options; (5) automobile availability; (6) safety; and
(7) financing terms; etc. The sellers' criteria may include, for
example: (1) buyer's creditworthiness; (2) desired finance terms;
(3) delivery requests of buyer; (4) delivery dates; etc.
[0044] Thus, the present invention intends to allow buyers and/or
sellers of products and/or services to pre-select a plurality of
criteria prior to negotiating a deal for the product and/or
service. Of course the preselected criteria will vary depending on
the particular product and/or service. The scope of the present
invention as defined in the hereto appended claims intends to
include any product and/or service (and plurality of pre-selected
criteria associated therewith) suitable for deal-making in
accordance with the present invention.
[0045] Each of the buyers 15 and sellers 20 may access the central
server 25 in any of a variety of ways. For example, in the present
embodiment, each buyer 15 and seller 20 is shown to be part of
separate establishments 30 which include one or more respective
computer systems 35 and local servers 40. The computer systems 35
may, for example, be a desktop or laptop computer with a local area
network (LAN) interface for communicating over a network backbone
45 to the local server 40. The local servers 40, in turn, interface
with the central server 25 via a network cable 50 or the like. It
will be appreciated that while the present embodiment depicts the
computer system 35 communicating with the central server 25 via
hardwired network connections, in an alternative embodiment the
computer system 35 may interface with the central server 25 using a
modem, wireless local area and/or wide area networks, etc. Further,
it will be appreciated, that while the buyers 15 and sellers 20 are
shown to communicate with the central server 25 via different
computer systems 35, it will be appreciated that the buyers 15
and/or sellers 20 may access the central server 25 from the same
computer system 25.
[0046] Turning now to FIG. 2a, a block diagram of the hardware
components of the central server 25 is shown. In particular, the
central server 25 includes a central processor 100 for performing
the various functions described herein. A memory 105 is coupled to
the processor 100 and stores operating code and other data
associated with the operations of the central server 25. A user
interface 110 is also coupled to the processor 100 and provides an
interface through which the central server 25 may be directly
programmed or accessed. The user interface 110 may, for example, be
an alphanumeric keyboard and mouse. A network interface 115 coupled
to the processor 100 provides multiple connections for transceiving
information with buyers 15 and sellers 20 over the network cables
50.
[0047] As previously stated, the present invention could take
advantage of the wide availability and versatility of the Internet.
Referring to FIG. 2b, a schematic block diagram that depicts an
environment of interest to a preferred embodiment of the present
invention. The client computer system 35 is shown connected to the
central server computer system 25 that is part of the Internet 60.
The client computer system 35 and server 25 are connected via an
Internet connection 55 using a public switched phone network, for
example, such as those provided by a local or regional telephone
operating company. The Internet connection 55 may also be provided
by dedicated data lines, Personal Communication Systems ("PCS"),
microwave, or satellite networks, for example, or any suitable
means. It is to be understood that the terms client and server are
to be construed in the broadest sense, and that all such
constructions of the terms are intended to fall within the scope of
the hereto appended claims.
[0048] Turning now to FIG. 3, an exemplary Internet web page 120
which provides buyers 15 and sellers 20 with access to a forum for
conducting business using the multiple criteria buying methodology
described in detail below, is shown. The web page 120 is shown to
include hyperlinks for handling both registered and un-registered
buyers and sellers of products. For example, as shown in FIG. 3,
registered buyers may select a hyperlink to a registered buyer
login screen via hyperlink 125 while non-registered buyers may
select a hyperlink to a non-registered buyer registration screen
via hyperlink 135. Similarly, registered sellers may select a
hyperlink to a registered seller login screen via hyperlink 130,
while non-registered sellers may select a hyperlink to a
non-registered seller registration screen via hyperlink 140. While
the present embodiment illustrates separate hyperlinks for buyers
and sellers, it will be appreciated that such hyperlinks could
alternatively be combined and the status of buyer or seller could
be determined during a later stage in the login procedure.
[0049] Turning now to FIG. 4a, in accordance with one embodiment of
the present invention, registered buyers 15 enter several product
buying criteria into a "Buyer's Buying Criteria" input page 150.
The buyer 15 selects a product or service from a list in a scroll
down menu 152. It should be appreciated that the list on the scroll
down menu 152 could include any number of related or non-related
goods and services only limited by the size of a database used in
accordance with the present invention. Upon selecting a product or
service (e.g., glass) from the scroll down menu 152, a list of
seller criteria automatically appears in a window 160. The list of
seller criteria appearing in the window 160 is the minimum inputs
to be provided by the buyer to obtain a deal listing. These minimum
inputs are decided by the class of sellers selling the individual
product or service and/or decided by the system administrator of
the system. The buyer 15 can then begin adding buyer buying
criteria by selecting the criteria from a scroll down list 154, and
clicking on an "Add to List" button 156 with a computer mouse (not
shown), for example. If the buyer 15 desires to remove a buyer
buying criteria, it is only necessary to highlight the criteria in
the window 160 and click on a "Remove from List" button 158. Once
the list is completed, the buyer 15 may add additional criteria
thought to be important to the buyer not in the selection of
choices. These additional criteria will not be used by the buyer in
this particular deal search, but will be provided to the sellers,
so that they can be alerted of these additional criteria important
to the buyer. The seller may opt to add to the selectable choices
these additional buyer's buying criteria at a later time. Once the
complete custom buyer buying criteria list is completed, the buyer
can click on the "Submit Criteria" button 162 for submission of the
buyer's buying criteria to build a "Buyer's Product Ordering
Criteria" input screen 165, as illustrated in FIG. 4b.
[0050] Turning now to FIG. 4b, in accordance with one embodiment of
the present invention, registered buyers 15 enter several product
ordering criteria that would be acceptable to the buyer 15 on the
"Buyer's Product Ordering Criteria" input screen 165. In this
particular example, the buyer 15 is looking to purchase raw glass
by the pound, however, many different types of products and
services could be purchased/sold using the present invention. The
buyer's ordering criteria of this example includes: price range 166
in dollars per pound; volume range 168 in number of pounds;
delivery range 170 in days; the acceptable % of defects 172 in
percent; and the minimum required warranty 174 in months. The buyer
15 can then list the names of the sellers 20 in the window 176 that
the buyer 15 has bought products from previously, so that the buyer
15 can be entitled to any good customer or multi-purchase discounts
offered by the sellers 20. Once the buying ordering criteria is
entered, the buyer can search for deals by clicking on the "Search
for Deal" button 178 on the computer screen using the computer's
mouse. The present invention then utilizes a search engine to
search through a database of deals offered by various sellers of
the product, and provides an output of those deals to the buyer
that matches the buyer's ordering criteria by outputting a list of
these deals on a "Deal Matching Ordering Criteria" output page 180,
as shown in FIG. 4c.
[0051] Turning now to FIG. 4c. in accordance with one embodiment of
the present invention, registered sellers 20 set up a variety of
deals 182 by which registered buyers 15 are able to order products.
As will be discussed in more detail below, the deals 182 of the
present embodiment are set up to display the following information
which is input from the seller 20 and/or calculated by the
processor 100 of the central processor 25 according to the deal
182, which includes: a seller name 184; a deal number 186; a volume
ordering range required 188 to obtain a current price/pound level
190; an expected delivery time 192; a warranty period 196; and a
percentage of defects 198 of the product the buyer 15 can expect to
receive in a given order. Based on such information, buyers 15 can
make an informed decision as to whether they desire to commit to an
order on a particular deal based on the criteria that is important
to that particular buyer. If a buyer 15 desires to place an order,
the buyer 15 inputs a seller 183, a deal number 185 and a volume
order 187. The buyer 15 then clicks on the "Submit Deal" button 189
with a mouse pointer, for example, on the computer display and the
deal is finalized.
[0052] Turning now to FIG. 5, the general steps taken by a buyer 15
entering the web page 150 is shown. More particularly, in step 200
it is initially determined whether a buyer 15 is registered or not.
If the buyer 15 is not registered, the buyer 15 selects hyperlink
135 (FIG. 3) and proceeds to step 205. In step 205 the processor
100 of the central server 25 requests that the buyer 15 fill out a
registration form. For example, the buyer 15 is requested to fill
out a registration form 208 such as that shown in FIG. 6. In the
present example, the registration form 208 requests that the buyer
15 enter the following information: buyer name; address; primary
contact person; phone; fax; e-mail; short description of company;
preferred login user name; and preferred password. With respect to
the user name and password, the processor 100 is configured to
determine whether the selected user name and password combination
are available and, if not, to prompt the buyer 15 to enter a new
user name and password until an available combination is
selected.
[0053] In step 210 (FIG. 5), the buyer is requested to fill out a
credit card application so that purchases made on the web site may
be immediately approved. The credit card registration and approval
process may be accomplished via a hyperlink to one of various
electronic credit card approval agencies which check the buyer's
credit rating and set up a merchant account with a line of credit.
For example, an electronic credit card approval agency which may be
used in conjunction with the present invention can be found on the
Internet at http://www.interent-ecommerce.com. Next, in step 215,
the processor 100 determines if the credit card application has
been approved by the electronic credit card approval agency. If the
credit card application has not been approved, the processor 100
proceeds to step 220 where a message is sent back to the buyer 15
indicating regret that they have not been approved for a line of
credit and therefore have not successfully completed the
registration process. In step 220, a customer service telephone
number also is provided to the buyer 15 in case the buyer has
questions and/or desires to pursue registration further.
[0054] If in step 215, the processor 100 is informed that the buyer
15 has been provided a line of credit and a credit card number has
been issued, the processor 100 proceeds to step 225. In step 225
the buyer information from the registration form 208 and the newly
issued credit card number are stored in a buyer database 270 (FIG.
7) in the memory 105 of the processor 25 (FIG. 2a). Next, in step
230, the processor 100 is configured to provide the buyer 15 with
the newly issued credit card number so that the buyer 15 is able to
purchase products and/or services. Furthermore, the processor 100
is configured to provide a report to the system administrator who
then mails a confirmation copy of the buyer's information stored in
the buyer's database to the buyer 15. This completes the buyer's
registration process.
[0055] Continuing to refer to FIG. 5, if in step 200, a buyer has
already registered, the buyer 15 may login as a registered user by
selecting the registered user hyperlink 125 (FIG. 3). Once
selected, the processor 100, in step 240 prompts the buyer 15 to
enter a user ID and password. Upon entry of such information, the
processor 100 in step 240 verifies the user ID and password with
those stored in the buyer database 270 (FIG. 7). If the user ID and
password entered by the buyer 15 does not match any entry in the
buyer database 270, the processor 100 in step 240 returns to step
235 for re-entry of such information. If, however, in step 240, a
valid user ID and password are entered, the processor 100 proceeds
to step 245.
[0056] In step 245, the processor 100 provides the buyer 15 with a
buyer's buying criteria input screen where the buyer 15 is able to
enter a variety of buying criteria that is important to that
particular buyer 15. The buyer 15 selects a plurality of buying
criteria and submits the criteria, so that the system can build an
input ordering criteria form. In step 250, the buyer 15 enters the
range of ordering criteria that is acceptable to the buyer in the
input ordering criteria form, and then submits this criteria
causing the system search engine to match the ordering criteria
with a list of seller deals in a seller deal database. The search
engine then lists the seller deals matching the buyer's buying and
ordering criteria. As discussed above, the deals 182 provided to
the buyer 15 provide the buyer 15 with information regarding the
sale of a particular product such as, for example, the volume range
to get a particular price per pound, the delivery time, the
warranty period and the percentage of defects in each order that a
buyer can expect. In order to allow a buyer to quickly find deals
182 of interest, the processor 100 in step 245 provides the buyer
15 with the input "Buyer's Buying Criteria" input screen 150, so
that active deals 182 of interest may be found.
[0057] Once a search is completed, the buyer 15 in step 250 is able
to select a desired deal 182 from the results obtained. For
example, the buyer 15 may choose a desired deal because it has a
faster delivery time than the other deals. The buyer 15 may choose
a deal because it has a low percentage of defects in the goods, or
has a longer warranty than other goods. Regardless of the deal, the
buyer 15 may choose, the buyer 15 can make an informed decision
based on a variety of buying criteria. If the buyer 15 is
unsatisfied with the search results or simply desires to re-perform
the search, the buyer 15 at any time is able to return back to a
previous screen selecting the "back" function available using an
Internet browser such as, for example, Microsoft Internet Explorer,
Netscape, etc. Additionally, a hyperlink to various screens, such
as the search screen, preferably is provided on each web page.
[0058] Upon selecting a deal 182, the processor 100 in step 255
displays a page of standard terms and conditions which the buyer 15
must agree to prior to completing the deal. The terms and
conditions relate to the terms governing the sale of the product or
service according to which both the buyer and seller are willing to
conduct business. If the terms and conditions are not accepted, the
processor 100 returns the buyer 15 to step 245, so that another
deal 182 may be selected and/or another search may be performed.
If, however, in step 260 the terms and conditions are accepted, the
processor 100 proceeds to allow the buyer 15 to complete the deal
in step 265.
[0059] Turning now to FIG. 8a, in accordance with one embodiment of
the present invention, registered sellers 20 enter into a "Create
or Modify Deal" screen 275. The seller 20 can choose a product or
service from the product/service scroll down menu 276 and choose to
either click on an "Open New Deal" button 278, a "Modify Existing
Deal" button 280 or a "Review Buyer Inputted Criteria" button 282.
If the buyer selects the "Review Buyer Inputted Criteria" button
282, the seller will be provided with a list of buyer buying
criteria that the buyers 15 manually inputted into the window 160
of FIG. 4a. This allows the sellers 20 to review criteria that is
important to their buyers, which the seller were not aware. If a
seller 20 chooses to click on the "Open New Deal" button 278, the
seller 20 will enter into a "Seller's Product Selling Criteria"
input screen 300, as illustrated in FIG. 8b. If the seller 20
chooses to click on the "Modify Existing Deal" button 280, the
seller 20 will enter into a "Seller's Product Offering Criteria"
input screen 330, as illustrated in FIG. 8c with the seller being
prompted to enter a deal number, which causes the ordering criteria
of the chosen deal number to be editable in the input screen.
[0060] Referring to FIG. 8b illustrating the "Seller's Selling
Criteria" input screen 300, the seller 20 can begin building a new
deal by first selecting a number of seller additional criteria, and
seller criteria from a list in a scroll down menu 302 and a list in
scroll down menu 306, respectively. The seller can click on the
"Add Seller Additional Criteria" button 304 for adding seller
additional criteria from the scroll down menu 302 into a window 310
containing a deal criteria list 303. The deal criteria list 303
includes a first portion listing the "Product Agreed upon Seller
Criteria" 305, decided by the group of sellers for a particular
product/service and/or the system administrator, a second portion
which is the seller criteria list 307 and a third portion which is
the seller additional criteria list 309. It should be noted that
the criteria in the seller additional criteria list is not a
mandatory criteria for the buyer when the buyer is inputting the
buyer's buying criteria in step 245 of FIG. 5, but is listed in the
terms and condition step 265 after a deal is chosen by the buyer.
The seller can add seller criteria by selecting the criteria from
the scroll down bar 306 and clicking on the "Add Seller Criteria"
button 308. The seller can remove any of the criteria from the
overall criteria list, except for the "Product Agreed upon Seller
Criteria", by highlighting the selection with the computer mouse
and clicking on a "Remove from List" button 312. The seller 20 can
add new selling criteria by clicking on a hyperlink 316 labeled
"Add New Criteria" sending the seller 20 to an "Adding and
Modifying Deal Criteria" screen 360, illustrated in FIG. 8d. The
seller can modify a current criteria by highlighting the criteria
in window 310 and clicking on a hyperlink 318 labeled "Modify
Existing Criteria" sending the seller to the "Adding and Modifying
Deal Criteria" screen 360 with the criteria information defaulting
to the highlighted criteria for modification therefrom.
[0061] Referring now to FIG. 8c, once the criteria is selected and
submitted, the system generates the "Seller's Product Offering
Criteria" input screen 330. A seller number 331, a product type 332
and a current deal number 333 are automatically generated at the
top of input screen 330. The seller 20 can enter offering limits
relating to the selling criteria of the seller's product for a
particular deal. The seller's offering criteria of this example
includes: price 166 in dollars per pound; volume range 168 in the
number of pounds; delivery time 170 in days; the % of defects 172
in percent; and the warranty 174 in months. The seller 20 can then
list the names of the buyers 15 in a window 344 that the deal is
being offered or type in the term "All" if the offer is open to any
buyer. Once the seller offering criteria is entered, the seller 20
can submit the deal by clicking on a "Submit/Modify Deal" button
350 on the computer screen by using the computer's mouse. The
present invention then creates a record of the deal in a database
of deals offered by various sellers 20 of the product, so that
deals which seller's offering criteria match the buyer's ordering
criteria can be outputted to the buyer 15 in a list of deals on the
"Deals Matching Ordering Criteria" output page 180, as shown in
FIG. 4c.
[0062] Referring now to FIG. 8d, the "Adding Deal Criteria" input
screen 360 will be described. The seller number 331, the product
type 332 and the current deal number 333 are automatically
generated at the top of input screen 360. The seller 20 can enter a
criteria name in the "Enter Criteria Name" box 362. The seller can
then choose whether the criteria is a seller type or a seller
additional criteria type from a first scroll down menu 364. The
seller 20 choose a criteria type from a second scroll down menu 366
and the criteria units in a third scroll down menu 368. The seller
can submit this new criteria for the current deal by clicking on
the "Submit New Criteria for Current Deal" button 370 or add the
new criteria for all the product deals by clicking on the "Submit
New Criteria for All Product Deals" button 372. The seller 20 may
at any time review the buyer inputted criteria submitted by the
buyer 15 that is not in any of the seller's deals by clicking on
the "Review Buyer Inputted Criteria" button 376. The seller 20 can
review this list to determine whether or not the seller 20 would
like to add this criteria to the present deal or all deals to
ensure that they are in accord with buyer needs. The seller 20 may
also review the criteria that are offered by other sellers, but not
the current seller, by clicking on a "Review Other Seller Criteria"
button 378. This will help the seller keep current on what the
other seller's selling criteria are being utilized for matching to
the buyer's buying criteria to satisfy the current market
demands.
[0063] If the seller would like to return to the "Create or Modify
Deal" screen 275 the seller 20 can click on the "Cancel" button at
any time. Furthermore, if the seller 20 simply desires to
re-perform the search, the seller 20 at any time is able to return
back to a previous screen selecting the "back" function available
using an Internet browser such as, for example, Microsoft Internet
Explorer, Netscape, etc. Additionally, a hyperlink to various
screens, such as the search screen, preferably is provided on each
web page.
[0064] Proceeding now to FIG. 9, the operations of the processor
100 of the central server 25 in handling sellers 20 is depicted. In
particular, the processor 100 in step 400 initially determines
whether a seller 20 is registered or not based on which hyperlink
130, 140 (FIG. 3) the seller 20 selects. If the seller 20 selects
hyperlink 140 indicating the seller is not registered, the
processor 100 proceeds to step 405. In step 405, the processor 100
provides the seller 20 with a seller's registration form 408 (FIG.
10) to fill out. The registration form 408 is similar to the
registration form 208 for the buyer 20 and allows the seller 20 to
select a preferred user ID and password. Once completed, the
processor 100 proceeds to step 410 where the seller 20 is requested
to submit a credit card application so that all costs and fees
associated with conducting business may be directly billed to the
seller's credit card. As discussed above, the credit card approval
process may occur by a third party vendor accessible via a
hyperlink.
[0065] Once the credit card application is submitted by the seller
20, the processor 100 proceeds to step 415 where the processor 100
determines if the credit card application has been approved. If the
credit card application has not been approved, the processor 100
proceeds to step 420 where the seller 20 is informed that their
credit card application has not been approved and the seller 20 is
provided with a customer service telephone number so that the
seller 20 may optionally set up the account in a different fashion.
If, however, in step 415 the credit card application is accepted,
the processor 100 proceeds to step 425 where the seller information
is stored in a seller database 427 (FIG. 11). Finally, in step 430,
the processor 100 is configured to provide the seller 20 with the
newly issued credit card number so that the seller 20 is able to
open deals. Further, the processor 100 is configured to provide a
report to a system administrator who then mails a confirmation copy
of the seller's information stored in the seller's database to the
seller 20. This completes the seller's registration process.
[0066] Continuing to refer to FIG. 9, if in step 400 a seller has
already registered, the seller 20 may login as a registered user by
selecting the registered user hyperlink 130 (FIG. 3). Once
selected, the processor 100, in step 435 prompts the seller 20 to
enter their user ID and password. Upon input of the user ID and
password, the processor 100 proceeds to step 440 where the
processor 100 verifies a valid user ID and password have been
entered by comparison with the information stored in the seller
database 427 (FIG. 11). If the user ID and password entered by the
seller 20 does not match any entry in the seller database 427, the
processor 100 in step 440 returns to step 435 for re-entry of such
information. If, however, in step 440, a valid user ID and password
are entered, the processor 100 proceeds to step 445.
[0067] Upon successful entry of a user ID and password, the seller
20 is provided with a seller option screen 275 as shown in FIG. 8a.
For example, the seller 20 may decide to open a new deal 182 or the
seller 20 may decide to view a current deal 182 for one of a number
of goods or services offered by the seller 20 or review a list of
buyer inputted criteria. Accordingly, if in step 445, the processor
100 determines that the seller 20 desires to open new deal 182 for
a selected product, the processor 100 proceeds to step 460.
[0068] In step 460, the processor 100 requests that the seller 20
enter the seller's selling criteria, so that the system can build a
seller's product offering criteria input screen, in step 465. For
example, in the present embodiment the product agreed upon seller
criteria is the volume range of the order and the price per pound
of the order, the seller's selling criteria includes the delivery
time and warranty with quality to be added next, and the seller
additional criteria is that the buyer pay the cost of shipping the
goods. As discussed above, the processor 100 utilizes the
information input from the seller 20 to display a seller's product
ordering input form 330.
[0069] In step 465, the processor 100 request that the seller enter
the limits associated with the seller's selling criteria chosen in
step 460, and the list of buyer's entitled to be offered the
present deal. The information is entered and submitted to form a
deal. The processor 100 uses this information to match buying and
ordering criteria of the buyer with selling and offering criteria
of the seller, so that deals can be completed in an expedited
manner.
[0070] Continuing to refer to FIG. 9, if in step 445, the seller 20
has not selected to open a new deal, the processor 100 determines
in step 450 whether the seller 20 has decided to modify an existing
deal 182. In the present embodiment of the invention, the seller 20
is limited to modify those deal which they have opened.
Accordingly, if the processor 100 determines that the seller does
desire to modify a deal 182, the processor 100 provides the seller
20 with a list of deals 180 which the seller has opened. Upon
selection of one of the deals 182, the processor 100 proceeds to
step 455 where the deal 182 is displayed to the seller 20. If a
deal 182 is not entered in step 450, or following steps 455 and
460, the processor 100 returns to step 445.
[0071] The present invention may be implemented via object oriented
programming techniques. In this case each component of the system,
could be an object in a software routine or a component within an
object. Object oriented programming shifts the emphasis of software
development away from function decomposition and towards the
recognition of units of software called "objects" which encapsulate
both data and functions. Object Oriented Programming (OOP) objects
are software entities comprising data structures and operations on
data. Together, these elements enable objects to model virtually
any real-world entity in terms of its characteristics, represented
by its data elements, and its behavior represented by its data
manipulation functions. In this way, objects can model concrete
things like people and computers, and they can model abstract
concepts like numbers or geometrical concepts.
[0072] The benefit of object technology arises out of three basic
principles: encapsulation, polymorphism and inheritance. Objects
hide or encapsulate the internal structure of their data and the
algorithms by which their functions work. Instead of exposing these
implementation details, objects present interfaces that represent
their abstractions cleanly with no extraneous information.
Polymorphism takes encapsulation one step further--the idea being
many shapes, one interface. A software component can make a request
of another component without knowing exactly what that component
is. The component that receives the request interprets it and
figures out according to its variables and data how to execute the
request. The third principle is inheritance, which allows
developers to reuse pre-existing design and code. This capability
allows developers to avoid creating software from scratch. Rather,
through inheritance, developers derive subclasses that inherit
behaviors which the developer then customizes to meet particular
needs.
[0073] In particular, an object includes, and is characterized by,
a set of data (e.g., attributes) and a set of operations (e.g.,
methods), that can operate on the data. Generally, an object's data
is ideally changed only through the operation of the object's
methods. Methods in an object are invoked by passing a message to
the object (e.g., message passing). The message specifies a method
name and an argument list. When the object receives the message,
code associated with the named method is executed with the formal
parameters of the method bound to the corresponding values in the
argument list. Methods and message passing in OOP are analogous to
procedures and procedure calls in procedure-oriented software
environments.
[0074] However, while procedures operate to modify and return
passed parameters, methods operate to modify the internal state of
the associated objects (by modifying the data contained therein).
The combination of data and methods in objects is called
encapsulation. Encapsulation provides for the state of an object to
only be changed by well-defined methods associated with the object.
When the behavior of an object is confined to such well-defined
locations and interfaces, changes (e.g., code modifications) in the
object will have minimal impact on the other objects and elements
in the system.
[0075] Each object is an instance of some class. A class includes a
set of data attributes plus a set of allowable operations (e.g.,
methods) on the data attributes. As mentioned above, OOP supports
inheritance--a class (called a subclass) may be derived from
another class (called a base class, parent class, etc.), where the
subclass inherits the data attributes and methods of the base
class. The subclass may specialize the base class by adding code
which overrides the data and/or methods of the base class, or which
adds new data attributes and methods. Thus, inheritance represents
a mechanism by which abstractions are made increasingly concrete as
subclasses are created for greater levels of specialization.
[0076] The present invention can employ abstract classes, which are
designs of sets of objects that collaborate to carry out a set of
responsibilities. Frameworks are essentially groups of
interconnected objects and classes that provide a prefabricated
structure for a working application. It should also be appreciated
that the PCM and the shared memory components could be implemented
utilizing hardware and/or software, and all such variations are
intended to fall within the appended claims included herein.
[0077] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present
invention, Java and CORBA (Common Object Request Broker
Architecture) are employed to carry out the present invention. Java
is an object-oriented, distributed, secure, architecture neutral
language. Java provides for object-oriented design which
facilitates the clean definition of interfaces and makes it
possible to provide reusable "software ICs." Java has an extensive
library of routines for copying easily with TCP/IP protocols like
HTTP and FTP. Java applications can open and access objects across
a network via URLs with the same ease to which programmers are
accustomed to accessing a local file system.
[0078] Furthermore, Java utilizes "references" in place of a
pointer model and so eliminates the possibility of overwriting
memory and corrupting data. Instead of pointer arithmetic that is
employed in many conventional systems, the Java "virtual machine"
mediates access to Java objects (attributes and methods) in a
type-safe way. In addition, it is not possible to turn an arbitrary
integer into a reference by casting (as would be the case in C and
C++ programs). In so doing, Java enables the construction of
virus-free, tamper-free systems. The changes to the semantics of
references make it virtually impossible for applications to forge
access to data structures or to access private data in objects that
they do not have access to. As a result, most activities of viruses
are precluded from corrupting a Java system.
[0079] Java affords for the support of applications on networks.
Networks are composed of a variety of systems with a variety of CPU
and operating system architectures. To enable a Java application to
execute anywhere on the network, a compiler generates an
architecture neutral object file format--the compiled code is
executable on many processors, given the presence of the Java
runtime system. Thus, Java is useful not only for networks but also
for single system software distribution. In the present personal
computer market, application writers have to produce versions of
their applications that are compatible with the IBM PC and with the
Apple Macintosh. However, with Java, the same version of the
application runs on all platforms. The Java compiler accomplishes
this by generating byte code instructions which have nothing to do
with a particular computer architecture. Rather, they are designed
to be both easy to interpret on any machine and easily translated
into native machine code on the fly.
[0080] Being architecture neutral, the "implementation dependent"
aspects of the system are reduced or eliminated. The Java virtual
machine (VM) can execute Java byte codes directly on any machine to
which the VM has been ported. Since linking is a more incremental
and lightweight process, the development process can be much more
rapid and exploratory. As part of the byte code stream, more
compile-time information is carried over and available at
runtime.
[0081] Thus, the use of Java in the present invention provides a
server to send programs over the network as easily as traditional
servers send data. These programs can display and manipulate data
on a client computer. The present invention through the use of Java
supports execution on multiple platforms. That is the same programs
can be run on substantially all computers--the same Java program
can work on a Macintosh, a Windows 95 machine, a Sun workstation,
etc. To effect such multi-platform support, a network interface 105
and a network browser (not shown) such as Netscape Navigator or
Microsoft Internet Explorer may be used in at least one embodiment
of the present invention. It should be appreciated, however, that a
Java stand-alone application may be constructed to achieve a
substantially equivalent result. Although the present invention is
described with respect to employing Java, it will be appreciated
that any suitable programming language may be employed to carry out
the present invention.
[0082] An Internet explorer (e.g., Netscape, Microsoft Internet
Explorer) is held within the memory of the client computer. The
Internet Explorer enables a user to explore the Internet and view
documents from the Internet. The Internet Explorer may include
client programs for protocol handlers for different Internet
protocols (e.g., HTTP, FTP and Gopher) to facilitate browsing using
different protocols.
[0083] It is to be appreciated that any programming methodology
and/or computer architecture suitable for carrying out the present
invention may be employed and are intended to fall within the scope
of the hereto appended claims.
[0084] The invention has been described with reference to the
preferred embodiments. Obviously, modifications and alterations
will occur to others upon reading and understanding the preceding
detailed description. It is intended that the invention be
construed as including all such modifications alterations, and
equivalents thereof and is limited only by the scope of the
following claims.
* * * * *
References