U.S. patent application number 14/269717 was filed with the patent office on 2014-11-06 for footwear kit with adjustable foreparts.
This patent application is currently assigned to Columbia Insurance Company. The applicant listed for this patent is Columbia Insurance Company. Invention is credited to Kenneth Daniel Santos.
Application Number | 20140325877 14/269717 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 51840651 |
Filed Date | 2014-11-06 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140325877 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Santos; Kenneth Daniel |
November 6, 2014 |
Footwear Kit with Adjustable Foreparts
Abstract
A footwear kit suitable for producing a pair of customized
bowling shoes with appropriate sliding sole and a traction sole for
right and left handed bowlers and optimizable for a variety of lane
conditions is provided. A distal margin on the shoe matches a
margin on a removable forepart to provide rapid alignment and
orientation of the ground contact surface area of the forepart to
the shoe. Foreparts provided are adjustable for use on either a
left or right shoe.
Inventors: |
Santos; Kenneth Daniel;
(Randolph, MA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Columbia Insurance Company |
Omaha |
NE |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
Columbia Insurance Company
Omaha
NE
|
Family ID: |
51840651 |
Appl. No.: |
14/269717 |
Filed: |
May 5, 2014 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61819249 |
May 3, 2013 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
36/103 ;
36/83 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A43B 3/246 20130101;
A43B 5/005 20130101; A43B 5/008 20130101; A43B 13/26 20130101; A43B
13/36 20130101; A43B 1/0081 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
36/103 ;
36/83 |
International
Class: |
A43B 5/00 20060101
A43B005/00 |
Claims
1. A footwear kit comprising a forepart having a length and width
substantially larger than a length and width of a forepart
receiving area of each of a left shoe and right shoe of a pair of
shoes such that the forepart will cover the entire forepart
receiving area of each of the left and right shoe, each said
forepart receiving area extending forward from an arch portion of
the shoe to a toe edge of the shoe including the entire periphery
of the sole forward of the arch portion of the shoe, each forepart
receiving area further comprising a distal margin extending
laterally across the shoe at the rear of the forepart receiving
area of the shoe; wherein said forepart has a periphery comprising
at least one margin matching the shape of the distal margin of the
forepart receiving area of each of the left and right shoe.
2. The footwear kit of claim 1 wherein the forepart further
comprises a ground contact surface having a plurality of traction
characteristics.
3. The footwear kit of claim 1 wherein the forepart further
comprises a ground contact surface having a traction characteristic
that differs with a direction of force applied, such that the
forepart exhibits a first traction characteristic in response to a
force applied from a first direction parallel to the ground contact
surface that is different from a second traction characteristic in
response to a force applied from a second direction parallel to the
ground contact surface, and wherein alignment of the margin of the
forepart to the distal margin of the forepart receiving area
establishes an orientation of the traction characteristics of the
forepart with respect to the shoe.
4. The footwear kit of claim 1 wherein the forepart further
comprises a ground contact surface having a geometry of traction
characteristics wherein a first portion of the ground contact
surface has a first traction characteristic and a second portion of
the ground contact surface has a second traction characteristic
that is different from the first traction characteristic, and
wherein alignment of the margin of the forepart to the distal
margin of the forepart receiving area establishes the geometry of
traction characteristics with respect to the shoe.
5. The footwear kit of claim 3 wherein the forepart further
comprises at least two margins matching the shape of a distal
margin of the forepart receiving area of the shoe, wherein aligning
a first margin of the forepart with the distal margin of the
forepart receiving area results in a first orientation of traction
characteristics with respect to the shoe, and aligning a second
margin of the forepart with the distal margin of the forepart
receiving area results in a second orientation of traction
characteristics with respect to the shoe differing from the first
orientation.
6. The footwear kit of claim 4 wherein the forepart further
comprises at least two margins matching the shape of a distal
margin of the forepart receiving area of the shoe, wherein aligning
a first matching margin with the distal margin results in a first
geometry of traction characteristics with respect to the shoe, and
aligning a second matching margin with the distal margin results in
a second geometry of traction characteristics with respect to the
shoe, said second geometry differing from said first geometry.
7. The footwear kit of claim 1 wherein the forepart further
comprises a plurality of size guides whereby removal of the
forepart material outside the size guide corresponding to a size
and handedness of a shoe results in a forepart having the same size
and shape as the forepart receiving area of the shoe.
8. The footwear kit of claim 7 wherein the size guides are selected
from the group consisting of: markings on a forepart surface;
grooves on a forepart surface; perforations through the forepart;
and combinations thereof.
9. The footwear kit of claim 1 wherein the forepart further
comprises a ground contact surface and a fastener surface, wherein
sizing the forepart to fit the forepart receiving area of the left
shoe when properly attached produces a forepart with a forepart
periphery that differs from the periphery of the forepart receiving
area of the right shoe.
10. A footwear kit comprising: a shoe having a sole with a forepart
receiving area extending longitudinally from a toe end of the shoe
distally to an arch portion of the shoe and extending laterally
across an entire width of the sole, the forepart receiving area
further comprising a distal margin; a forepart having at least one
margin matching the distal margin of the forepart receiving area, a
length exceeding the longitudinal length of the forepart receiving
area, and a width exceeding the lateral width of the forepart
receiving area; and a fastener for removably attaching the forepart
to the forepart receiving area.
11. The footwear kit of claim 10, wherein the fastener is an
interlocking hook and pile two-part fastener system and the
forepart receiving area is defined by an area of the sole covered
by one part of the two-part fastener system.
12. The footwear kit of claim 10, wherein the distal margin is a
protrusion from the sole.
13. The footwear kit of claim 10, wherein the forepart receiving
area is recessed into the sole and the distal margin is defined by
an edge of the recess.
14. A footwear kit comprising: a left shoe and a right shoe, each
shoe having a sole comprising a forepart receiving area extending
longitudinally from a toe end of the shoe rearward to an arch
portion of the shoe and extending laterally across an entire width
of the sole, the forepart receiving area further comprising a
distal margin; a forepart having a length greater than a
longitudinal length of the forepart receiving area of both the left
shoe and right shoe and a width greater than the lateral width of
the forepart receiving area of both the left shoe and right shoe,
such that the forepart when attached to the left shoe or the right
shoe covers the entire forepart receiving area of the shoe and
extends beyond the sole; said forepart further comprising at least
one margin shaped to fit the distal margin of each of the left shoe
and the right shoe; each forepart receiving area further comprising
a fastener for removably securing the forepart to the shoe.
15. The footwear kit of claim 14 comprising a first forepart and a
second forepart, wherein the first forepart has a traction
characteristic different from a traction characteristic of the
second forepart.
16. The footwear kit of claim 14 wherein the forepart comprises at
least two margins shaped to fit the distal margin of both the left
shoe and the right shoe individually, such that either of the two
forepart margins can be fitted to the distal margin of either the
left shoe or the right shoe.
17. The footwear kit of claim 14, wherein the forepart receiving
area of the left shoe differs from the forepart receiving area of
the right shoe in handedness, such that a forepart cut to the size
and shape of the forepart receiving area of the left shoe differs
in size and shape from a forepart cut to the size and shape of the
forepart receiving area of the right shoe.
18. The footwear kit of claim 14, wherein the forepart further
comprises a plurality of size guides for removing material to match
the forepart size and shape to the shoe size and handedness of the
left or right shoe.
19. The footwear kit of claim 18 where the size guides are selected
from the group consisting of markings on the forepart, indentations
in the forepart surface, grooves in the forepart surface,
perforations through the forepart, and combinations thereof.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C.
.sctn.119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application 61/819,249,
filed on May 3, 2013, the content of which is incorporated herein
by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Standardization of bowling shoes for a mass market results
in bowling shoes with no difference in traction characteristics
between different pairs, or in many cases even between left and
right shoes, although the two feet are performing different
functions. Improvements in bowling performance may be realized by
adjusting the traction characteristics of the shoes based on the
different functions of the two feet in bowling.
[0003] The typical bowler will approach the foul line with the
leading foot stopping just short of the foul line, and in many
cases it is desirable to have a shoe for the leading foot having
lower traction than the shoe for the trailing foot. For marketing,
this requires providing pairs of shoes having different traction
characteristics on the left shoe and the right shoe, and also
requires different pairs for left handed bowlers and right hand
bowlers. The shoes are frequently referred to as having either a
"traction sole" or a "sliding sole", and a bowler will typically
use a traction sole on the strong or trailing foot and a sliding
sole on the weak or leading foot. The condition of the lane and the
speed, height, weight, and shoe size of the bowler are just a few
of the many factors which determine how much traction the bowler
will need--a taller, heavier bowler with small foot and fast
approach on a slick lane will require more traction than a shorter,
lighter bowler with large feet and a slow approach on a rougher
lane. This may require each bowler to provide a number of different
left and right shoes having ground contact surfaces with different
traction characteristics to more closely tailor the traction
characteristics of the shoes to the lane condition. This may also
require a dealer in bowling shoes to stock an inventory of left and
right shoes in every size, each having soles with differing ground
contact surfaces having different traction characteristics, and
each suitable to only a small percentage of the bowling population.
In the extreme, it can be imagined that the perfect shoe for a
single bowler on a particular lane may be unlike the perfect shoe
for any other single bowler and less suitable for the same bowler
on any other lane. Compromises are usually sought between tailoring
the shoe for individual performance and providing a possibly less
suitable shoe which can be used by, and sold to, a larger segment
of the bowling population.
[0004] It can also be appreciated that different portions of the
same foot are in contact with the ground during different parts of
the approach, and that a further improvement in performance may be
realized by varying the traction characteristics in discrete
portions of the same shoe, or by incorporating sections of ground
contact surface in which a traction characteristic varies across
the section. However, due to the individual nature of each person's
approach to the line, an even wider selection of shoes must be
maintained, each suitable to an even smaller number of people, to
accommodate individual tread pattern preferences. Furthermore, each
individual would need to invest in a sizable number of different
pairs of shoes to find the individual tread pattern most suited to
his or her bowling style, and in additional pairs of shoes to match
the different lane surface conditions.
[0005] Several approaches have been taken to match the traction
characteristics of the shoe to different bowlers and different
lanes without increasing the inventory of shoes required. Many of
these involve ground contact surfaces that can be altered without
requiring the construction of a new shoe. For example, Kim (U.S.
Pat. No. 7,246,453) and McCord (U.S. Pat. No. 3,027,661) appear to
provide shoes with interchangeable slide pads fitting into recesses
in the forepart of the shoe. However, these recesses do not extend
to the periphery of the shoe, and some portion of the ground
contact surface of the shoe remains unchanged when replacing the
slide pad, resulting in an uneven ground contact surface. Weidman
et al (US publication 2013/0000153A1) and Tsuji (U.S. Pat. No.
6,598,324B1) appears to show a bowling shoes with different shaped
elements and a multitude of inserts for both the sliding and
traction sole. Although these designs may reduce the number of
different shoes required in stock, that reduction is offset by the
increasing number and complexity both of size and shape of the
different ground contact surfaces required. An individual would
need to stock a large number of small pieces, each easily lost,
misplaced, or confused with similar pieces. Welco (U.S. Pat. No.
3,552,040) appears to show a single slide surface which extends to
the periphery of the shoe, but makes no provision for providing
different ground contact surfaces for different conditions. Other
methods for providing interchangeable foreparts have been
disclosed, but the challenge of providing shoes suitable for both
right and left handed bowlers with traction characteristics that
can be adjusted by each bowler for different lane conditions
typically leads to the necessity for stocking a wide variety of
foreparts having differing ground contact surfaces in both left and
right handed styles and in sizes to fit every foot.
[0006] The sale of a pair of customized bowling shoes is typically
a complicated process involving the selection of the shoes,
followed by the selection of a slide pad in a size and handedness
to match the sliding sole and a traction pad in a size and
handedness to match the traction sole, and possibly the selection
of additional slide and traction pads in the appropriate size and
handedness to alter the shoes to fit differing lane conditions. The
ability of the manufacturer to provide and the retailer to stock a
variety of foreparts having differing traction characteristics is
limited by the necessity to stock each forepart in left and right
handed configurations and in a multitude of shoe sizes. To reduce
the complexity of the transaction and provide a single pair of
shoes to be used by either a right or left handed bowler, a
footwear kit may be provided including both a left and right slide
pad and both a left and right traction pad, but this results in the
waste of at least two inserts. As so few bowlers are ambidextrous,
it is extremely rare that any bowler would ever use both slide pads
or both traction pads.
[0007] It is desirable, therefore, to provide a single forepart
which is modified to fit a left or right shoe in any size, and is
removably attached and easily replaced. To provide further options
for customizing the ground contact surface of the slide pad to
include directional or positional differences in traction
characteristics, it is desirable that the forepart be easily
indexed to orient the traction characteristics of the forepart to
the shoe each time it is attached. This would permit a manufacturer
to supply one sliding forepart and one traction forepart with each
pair of shoes, and the shoes would be suitable for either a left or
right handed bowler. This would also permit a retailer to stock
each forepart in only a single configuration, to be adjusted to
size and handedness after sale, permitting the stocking of a larger
variety of ground contact surfaces rather than a larger variety of
sizes and handedness.
[0008] Accordingly, there is a need for a footwear kit that can be
marketed to both left and right handed bowlers with a forepart
adapted to fit either a left or right shoe in any size and indexed
to orient the traction characteristics of the forepart to the shoe.
It is also desirable to provide a bowling shoe kit suitable for
both a left handed and right handed bowler with foreparts that are
individually shaped by the consumer or retailer to provide a pair
of shoes including a left and right shoe having different traction
characteristics, the resulting pair of shoes being suitable for
either a left handed or right handed bowler but not both.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] It is therefore an object of the present invention to
provide a bowling footwear kit including a removable forepart that
can be fitted to either a left or right shoe of any marketed size,
that will cover the entire ground contact surface area in front of
the arch of the shoe, and that is indexed to orient the forepart to
the shoe.
[0010] It is a further object of this invention to provide a
bowling footwear kit with removable foreparts having different
traction characteristics, wherein the foreparts provided are larger
than the surface they are intended to cover.
[0011] It is a further object of this invention to provide a
footwear kit with removable foreparts, each forepart having a
plurality of traction characteristics in a preselected pattern and
orientation across the forepart, such that cutting the forepart in
different orientations to fit the surface of the shoe it is
intended to cover will provide varying patterns of traction
characteristics across the forepart.
[0012] It is another object of the present invention to provide a
bowling shoe that can be used either as a traction shoe or a
sliding shoe.
[0013] It is another object of the present invention to provide a
pair of bowling shoes that are suitable for either a left or right
handed bowler, one shoe of the pair having a sliding sole and the
other having a traction sole.
[0014] It is another object of the present invention to provide for
rapid customization of a pair of bowling shoes by the user for
differing surfaces.
[0015] It is another object of the present invention to provide
foreparts for customizing the ground contact surfaces of shoes that
are adaptable for use on either a right or left shoe of any
size.
[0016] These and other objects are achieved by providing a footwear
kit including a forepart that is larger in length and width than
the length and width of a forepart receiving area of the shoe, thus
allowing the same forepart to be cut to fit either the left shoe or
the right shoe and to completely cover the forepart receiving area
of only the shoe which it is cut to fit. In some embodiments, the
forepart has a margin which matches the distal margin of the
forepart receiving area of the shoe. The distal margin of the
forepart receiving area of the shoe extends laterally across the
shoe at the rear of the forepart receiving area. In some
embodiments the distal margin is a single feature extending
laterally across the entire sole of the shoe. In other embodiments,
the distal margin is established by a series of features disposed
laterally across the sole of the shoe.
[0017] In some embodiments, the forepart has a ground contact
surface displaying a plurality of traction characteristics. In some
embodiments, these traction characteristics are directional in
nature, such that a force applied parallel to the ground contact
surface from one direction will result in one traction
characteristic, while the same magnitude force applied parallel to
the ground contact surface from a second direction will result in a
different traction characteristic. In some embodiments, aligning
the margin of the forepart to the distal margin of the forepart
receiving area of the shoe establishes the directionality of the
traction characteristic of the ground contact surface with respect
to the shoe.
[0018] In some embodiments, the traction characteristic of the
forepart varies with respect to its location on the ground contact
surface of the forepart, with some areas of the forepart displaying
higher traction than others in response to the same magnitude and
direction of force applied parallel to the ground contact surface.
In some embodiments, aligning the margin of the forepart to the
distal margin of the forepart receiving area of the shoe
establishes the geometry and distribution of the traction
characteristics of the ground contact surface with respect to the
shoe.
[0019] In some embodiments, the forepart further comprises a series
of size guides. In some embodiments, the size guides are printed on
a surface of the forepart. In other embodiments, the size guides
are molded or cut into a surface of the forepart. In still other
embodiments, the size guides are perforations in the forepart. In
still other embodiments, the size guides are formed from a
combination of these treatments.
[0020] In some embodiments, the forepart further comprises a ground
contact surface and a fastener surface. The fastener surface of the
forepart further comprises one part of a two part fastener system,
the second part of the system being disposed on the forepart
receiving area of the shoe. Sizing the forepart to fit a left shoe
when the fastener surface of the forepart is attached to the
forepart receiving area of the shoe will result in a forepart
periphery that is different than the periphery of a forepart sized
to fit the forepart receiving area of a right shoe of the same
size, at least in their being roughly mirror images.
[0021] In some embodiments, the invention comprises a shoe having a
forepart receiving area extending longitudinally from a toe end of
the shoe distally to an arch portion of the shoe and extending
laterally across an entire width of the sole, the forepart
receiving area further comprising a distal margin. In these
embodiments, the invention further comprises a forepart having at
least one margin matching the distal margin of the forepart
receiving area, and a length and width exceeding the length and
width of the forepart receiving area, such that before fitting, the
forepart when attached to the forepart receiving area of the shoe
will completely cover the forepart receiving area and extend beyond
the sole of the shoe. In some embodiments, the invention further
comprises a fastener for removably attaching the forepart to the
forepart receiving area. In some embodiments, the fastener is an
interlocking hook and pile two part fastening system.
[0022] In some embodiments, the extent of the forepart receiving
area is defined by the extent to which the sole of the shoe is
covered by one part of the two part fastening system, the distal
margin of the forepart receiving area being defined by the distal
edge of the fastener. In other embodiments, the sole of the shoe
further comprises a protrusion defining the distal margin of the
forepart receiving area. In some embodiments, the protrusion is a
continuous ridge extending laterally from a medial edge of the sole
to a lateral edge of the sole. In other embodiments, the distal
margin is a series of protrusions disposed laterally across the
width of the sole. In some embodiments, the forepart receiving area
is recessed into the sole, and the distal margin is defined by the
rear edge of the recess.
[0023] In some embodiments, the invention comprises a pair of shoes
including a left and right shoe, each shoe having a sole with a
forepart receiving area extending longitudinally from a toe end of
the shoe rearward to an arch portion of a shoe and extending
laterally across an entire width of the shoe, the forepart
receiving area further comprising a distal margin and a fastener
for securing the forepart to the shoe. In some of these
embodiments, the invention further comprises a forepart longer than
the longitudinal length of the forepart receiving area, and wider
than the lateral width of the forepart receiving area of either
shoe, such that when attached to either the left shoe or the right
shoe, the forepart extends beyond the sole of the shoe. The
forepart further comprises a margin shaped to fit the distal margin
of both the left and right shoe. In some embodiments, the invention
further comprises a second forepart having a different traction
characteristic of the first forepart.
[0024] In some embodiments, the foreparts have a second margin
shaped to fit the distal margin of the forepart receiving area,
such that the forepart can be sized either using the first margin
or the second margin aligned to the distal margin of the forepart
receiving area. In some embodiments the margin of the forepart and
the distal margin of the forepart receiving area include at least
one angle such that an angle between edges on the margin of the
forepart fits an angle between edges of the distal margin of the
forepart receiving area to align the forepart to the forepart
receiving area.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] FIG. 1 depicts a footwear kit in accordance with the current
invention.
[0026] FIG. 2 depicts the footwear kit shown in FIG. 1 with heels
attached and excess forepart material removed
[0027] FIG. 3 depicts the footwear kit shown in FIG. 1 with heels
and foreparts attached.
[0028] FIGS. 4a and 4b depict a side view and bottom view
respectively of a shoe of the footwear kit shown in FIG. 1 with
heel and forepart attached.
[0029] FIGS. 5a and 5b depict a side view and bottom perspective
view of a shoe of the footwear kit shown in FIG. 1 with heel
attached and forepart detached.
[0030] FIGS. 6a and 6b depict a side view and bottom perspective
view of a shoe of the footwear kit shown in FIG. 1 in an
alternative configuration with heel attached and forepart
detached.
[0031] FIGS. 7a and 7b depict a side view and bottom perspective
view of a shoe of the footwear kit shown in FIG. 1 in an
alternative configuration with heel attached and forepart
detached.
[0032] FIGS. 8a, 8b, and 8c depict a forepart of the footwear kit
shown in FIG. 1 in alternative configurations.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0033] For the purposes of this application, shoe soles will be
described as having a toe edge (10) at the front of the shoe sole
and a heel edge (20) at the back of the shoe sole, marking the
furthest extents of the longest dimension (30) of the shoe sole as
shown in FIG. 4. For the purposes of this application, the word
"medial" will be used when referring to the side of the shoe or
shoe part normally located towards the center of the body from the
longest dimension (30) (the left side of a right shoe and the right
side of a left shoe) and the word "lateral" will, be used when
referring to the side of the shoe or shoe part normally located
towards the outside of the body from the longest dimension (30)
(the left side of a left shoe and the right side of a right shoe).
For most shoes, the lower surface of the shoe sole can be seen as
having three portions: a forward ground contact section (40)
beneath the toes and ball of the foot of the wearer and extending
from the toe edge rearward including the periphery of the sole
forward of the arch portion; a rear ground contact section (50)
beneath the heel of the wearer extending from the heel edge of the
shoe forward; and between them, an arch portion (60) which is
elevated or recessed under normal conditions and has no ground
contact surfaces. For the purposes of this application, the
boundary between the forward ground contact surface and the arch
portion of the shoe is defined by the rear-most portion of the
forward ground contact surface that touches the ground when the
shoe is at rest or in normal use, extended to the periphery of the
sole. Each of the ground contact surfaces may display uniform
traction characteristics that are consistent across the entire
surface, or may have a number of traction characteristics for
discrete areas composed of diverse surface materials, textures, or
treatments.
[0034] The term "traction characteristic" encompasses any quality
of the ground contact surface of the shoe that affects the amount
of traction between the shoe and the surface on which it is placed.
The ground contact surfaces are those surfaces of the shoe which
come into contact with the ground during use. Traction refers to
the friction between the ground contact surface and the surface
upon which it is placed. Traction characteristics can be varied by
changing the material of the ground contact surface. For example, a
ground contact surface made of rubber typically has a higher
coefficient of friction than a ground contact surface made of
leather, leading to higher traction, and soft, spongy rubber
typically has higher traction than hard, smooth rubber. Traction
characteristics are also varied by surface treatments such as
waxing, or oiling to reduce traction, or adding resins or adhesives
to increase traction. Traction characteristics are further varied
and can be varied in a directional manner by varying the surface
texture of the ground contact surface by scratching, abrading, or
sandblasting the surface, or by adding, for example, grooves,
ridges, protrusions, or cavities. Although the valleys of the
ridges and grooves, and the bases of cavities in the ground contact
surface do not strictly speaking contact the ground, they are
included as part of the description of ground contact surface in
that they change the total surface area in contact with the ground
and thus the gross traction characteristic of the surface.
[0035] In some embodiments, the traction characteristics of the
ground contact surface of a shoe are substantially uniform at all
points along the ground contact surface. In other embodiments, a
traction characteristic of a ground contact surface of a shoe
varies with respect to position along the ground contact surface.
For example, a ground contact surface may incorporate a smooth
surface in one location and a rougher surface in another location.
This results in a positionally variable traction characteristic,
wherein the traction characteristic varies with respect to location
with respect to the ground contact surface, and the amount of
weight centered over each portion of the ground contact surface and
shifts in weight caused by rolling the foot or leaning the body
will result in changes in the friction between the ground contact
surface of the shoe and the lane surface.
[0036] In some embodiments, a traction characteristic of a ground
contact surface of a shoe varies depending on the direction force
is applied to the shoe parallel to the ground contact surface. For
example, a series of parallel grooves covering the ground contact
surface will result in one traction characteristic in response to a
force directed parallel to the ground contact surface and
perpendicular to the grooves, and a different traction
characteristic in response to the same magnitude force directed
parallel to the ground contact surface and parallel to the grooves.
This results in a directionally variable traction characteristic,
wherein the traction characteristic changes with respect to the
direction force is,applied parallel to the ground contact
surface.
[0037] The exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1
depicts a footwear kit for a customized pair of bowling shoes
having a left shoe (70), a right shoe (80), a sliding sole forepart
(90), a traction sole forepart (100), a sliding shoe heel (110),
and a traction shoe heel (120). Each forepart has a forepart ground
contact surface (130) intended to cover and form at least the
entirety of the forward ground contact section of the sole. Each
forepart also has a forepart fastener surface (140) for fastening
the forepart to the forepart receiving area (170) of the shoe.
[0038] Each shoe further incorporates a forepart receiving area
(170). The forepart receiving area (170) has a distal margin (180)
located rearward of the forward ground contact section of the sole,
in some embodiments extending laterally across the width of the
sole. In some embodiments, the distal margin (180) extends in a
straight line from a point on the medial edge of the sole to a
point on the lateral edge of the sole. In other embodiments the
distal margin (180) describes a curve between a point on the medial
edge of the sole and a point on the lateral edge of the sole. In
still other embodiments as exemplified by FIG. 1, the distal margin
(180) incorporates an edge extending from a point on the medial
edge of the sole and an edge extending from a point on the lateral
edge of the sole that meet at an angle which advantageously
provides a mechanism for indexing foreparts for rapid and
consistent installation. In some embodiments, the meeting point is
a sharp angle, while in other embodiments, the meeting point
incorporates some curvature.
[0039] In some embodiments, the footwear kit further comprises a
fastener (220) for attaching the forepart to the forepart receiving
area. In some embodiments, the fastener is a two part fastening
system, one part disposed on the forepart receiving area and the
other disposed on the forepart. In one embodiment, the two-part
fastener is an interlocking hook and pile fastener, such as that
commonly sold under the tradename VELCRO.RTM.. In one embodiment,
the two part fastener comprises one or more snaps.
[0040] In some embodiments, the fastener is in the form of
protrusions on one part configured to engage openings in the other.
In some embodiments, the protrusions are rigid or semi-rigid
tongues which engage corresponding grooves. In some embodiments,
the protrusions are cylindrical studs which engage corresponding
holes. In some embodiments, the studs have oversized heads which
force the holes to open as the two parts are pressed together, the
hole then closing again on the shaft of the stud to make a more
secure fastening. In some embodiments, the protrusions are b
disposed on the forepart with corresponding openings in the
forepart receiving area, while in other embodiments, the
protrusions are disposed on the forepart receiving area with
corresponding openings in the forepart. In still other embodiments,
studs are provided on both the forepart and the forepart receiving
area, with corresponding openings on the forepart receiving area
and forepart.
[0041] In some embodiments, one part of a two part fastening system
is disposed on the forepart receiving area (170) and the heel
receiving area (230), and the other part of the two part fastening
system is disposed on the heel fastener surface (160) and the
forepart fastener surface (140). In one embodiment, the pile
portion of an interlocking hook and pile fastener system is
disposed on the forepart receiving area and the heel receiving
area, and the hook portion of the interlocking hook and pile
fastener system is disposed on the heel fastener surface and the
forepart fastener surface. In other embodiments, the hook portion
is disposed on the receiving areas, and the pile portion is
disposed on the fastener surfaces of the forepart and heel.
[0042] In many embodiments as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the
forepart receiving area (170) is defined by the extent of the shoe
sole that is covered by the one part of the two part fastening
system that is disposed thereon. In these embodiments, the distal
margin (180) of the forepart receiving area is the edge of the
fastening system. In other embodiments as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B,
the distal margin (180) of the forepart receiving area (170) is a
protrusion (260) molded or applied to the surface of the shoe sole,
and the forepart receiving area is the portion of the sole forward
of the protrusion forming the distal margin. In some embodiments as
shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the protrusion is in the form of a ridge
defining the rearmost extent of the forepart receiving area. In
other embodiments, the distal margin is in the form of a
discontinuous series of protrusions defining the rearmost extent of
the forepart receiving area. In still other embodiments as shown in
FIGS. 7A and 7B, the forepart receiving area (170) is recessed and
the distal margin (180) is defined by the edge of the recess.
[0043] In most embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the forepart is
provided larger than the forepart receiving area (170) of each of
the left shoe and right shoe, such that when a forepart is attached
to the forepart receiving area, it extends beyond the sole of the
shoe. In these embodiments, it is intended that the excess material
(240) which would extend beyond the sole be removed from the
forepart by the consumer or retailer such that the trimmed forepart
generally matches the size and shape of the forepart receiving area
of the shoe for which it is intended but can no longer be made to
fit the opposite shoe. This advantageously allows the manufacturer
to provide a single sliding forepart and a single traction forepart
with shoes for right and left handed bowlers of any size, rather
than either providing both a left and right sliding forepart and a
left and right traction forepart, or requiring retailers to stock a
selection of foreparts to be sold separately. Instead of
maintaining a stock of foreparts of different sizes and handedness,
a retailer can focus on maintaining a stock of foreparts with
different traction characteristics, enabling further customization
to more nearly match the style of the bowler with the surface of
the lane.
[0044] In some embodiments, a margin (210) of the forepart is
shaped to match the distal margin (180) of the forepart receiving
area (170). Alignment of the forepart margin (210) with the distal
margin (180) of the forepart receiving area when the forepart is
attached to the forepart receiving area (170) allows the forepart
to be rapidly and consistently attached in the proper orientation
and position with respect to the shoe. This is advantageous for a
bowler who frequently changes foreparts to match differing lane
conditions, or for foreparts having directional or locational
variations in traction characteristics. To enable rapid and
consistent alignment, the match between the forepart margin (210)
and the distal margin (180) does not need to be exact. For example,
if the distal margin (180) incorporates two edges meeting at an
angle as shown in FIG. 1, it is sufficient for the margin (210) of
the forepart to have a portion of edge that fits against each edge
of the distal margin, potentially leaving a gap at the angle to
enable the forepart to be removed easily by inserting a finger into
the gap. The margin (210) of the forepart is said to match the
distal margin (180) of the forepart receiving area (170) when
alignment of the margin (210) and distal margin (180) consistently
aligns the forepart with the forepart receiving area.
[0045] In some embodiments, the foreparts are marked with size
guides (200) as shown in FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C to aid in initial
fitting of the foreparts to the shoes. In some embodiments, the
size guides (200) are marks printed on a surface of the forepart to
indicate excess material (240) to be removed. In other embodiments,
the size guides (200) are molded into a surface of the forepart as
grooves to guide cutting the forepart to fit. In other embodiments,
the size guides (200) are perforations in the forepart. In further
embodiments, the size guides (200) are combinations of markings,
grooves, and perforations. For example, a size guide is perforated
into the forepart and marked to make the perforated guide easily
visible. In still further embodiments, the size guides are printed
on a removable backing protecting a surface of the forepart.
[0046] In further embodiments, a separate size guide is provided
incorporating one part of the two part fastening system
complementary to that disposed on the fastener surface of the
forepart. In this embodiment, the size guide is attached to the
forepart by means of the fastening system, the excess forepart
material is removed, the size guide is detached, and the forepart
is then attached to the forepart receiving area of the shoe.
[0047] In some embodiments, the forepart incorporates a second
margin (250) which also matches the distal margin (180) of both the
left and right shoe, as exemplified in FIGS. 8B and 8C. This
advantageously expands the types of directionally and positionally
variable traction characteristics that can be applied to a forepart
without necessitating the provision of a separate forepart for a
left and right shoe.
[0048] In one example having a positionally variable traction
characteristic, a forepart intended to provide a lower traction
characteristic under the big toe and ball of the sliding sole and a
higher traction characteristic across the rest of the forward
ground contact surface of the shoe is formed as shown in FIG. 8C,
with the center of the forepart having a lower traction
characteristic than the surrounding forepart material. The forepart
is cut to incorporate a first margin (210) if the forepart is
intended to form the forepart for a left shoe, and cut to
incorporate the second margin (250) if the forepart is intended to
form the forepart for a right shoe.
[0049] In another example, a forepart having a directionally
variable traction characteristic intended to have its highest
traction in response to a force extending diagonally from the
center of the ball of the foot to the tip of the big toe is
prepared as shown in FIG. 8C, such that cutting the forepart to
incorporate the first margin (210) will give a forepart having a
directionally variable traction characteristic suitable for a right
foot, and cutting the forepart to incorporate the second margin
(240) will give a forepart having a directionally variable traction
characteristic suitable for a left foot. In another embodiment
having a directionally variable traction characteristic, the ground
contact surface of the forepart is ridged with a series of
concentric curves such that the coefficient of friction is higher
in response to a force directed inward or outward from the curve
and lower in response to a force directed along the arc of the
curve. This embodiment advantageously allows lower resistance to
movement for a bowler twisting his foot in a circle, and higher
resistance to pushing off along any orientation in a straight line.
The configuration shown in FIG. 8C advantageously allows the center
of the concentric curves to be optimally located beneath the ball
of foot next to the big toe for either a left handed bowler or a
right handed bowler by selecting the appropriate margin to align
with the distal margin (180) before selecting the excess forepart
material (240) to be removed.
[0050] Additionally, some bowlers prefer a forepart having a
positionally variable traction characteristic having a higher
traction characteristic at the rear portion of the forward ground
contact surface and a lower traction characteristic at the forward
portion of the forward ground contact surface, while other bowlers
prefer a higher traction characteristic at the forward portion and
a lower traction characteristic at the rear portion of the forward
ground contact surface. In one embodiment, the forepart exemplified
in FIG. 8B is formed having a first traction characteristic on the
portion adjacent to a first margin (210) and a second traction
characteristic on the portion adjacent to the second margin (250).
The forepart is then cut to incorporate either the first or second
margin depending on whether the user prefers the first or second
traction characteristic at the rear of the forward ground contact
surface.
[0051] In one embodiment, the distal margin (180) of the forepart
receiving area is in the shape of an arc of a circle, and the
forepart periphery includes an edge defining a larger arc of a
circle of the same radius, so that any portion along the arc of the
forepart periphery forms a forepart margin (210) suitable for
matching the shape of the distal margin (180). This embodiment is
advantageous for allowing the bowler to customize the orientation
of a forepart having directionally variable traction
characteristics to match his or her bowling style. The exact
orientation of the directionally variable traction characteristic
can be selected by rotating the forepart margin against the distal
margin, and when the desired orientation is achieved, the excess
forepart material is marked and removed. The resulting forepart is
easily removed and reattached without altering the orientation of
the directionally variable traction characteristic relative to the
shoe by indexing the margin (210) with the distal margin (180) and
the side of the forepart with the periphery of the sole.
[0052] In some embodiments, a plurality of foreparts is provided,
each forepart having a ground contact surface with a different
traction characteristic, advantageously allowing the bowler to
select and interchange the forward ground contact surface of the
shoes to complement the style of the bowler and the surface of the
lane. The indexing achieved by providing a margin of the forepart
matching the distal margin of the forepart receiving area allows a
forepart with a multiplicity of traction characteristics varying
positionally and directionally to be rapidly and easily
interchanged with the traction characteristics of the forepart
consistently aligned to the shoe on attachment.
[0053] While the present invention has been particularly described,
it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations
will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the
foregoing description. It is therefore contemplated that the
appended claims will embrace any such alternatives, modifications,
and variations as falling within the true scope and spirit of the
present invention.
* * * * *