U.S. patent application number 13/840258 was filed with the patent office on 2014-09-18 for virtual property reporting for automatic structure detection.
The applicant listed for this patent is Pictometry International Corp.. Invention is credited to David Arthur Kennedy, Stephen L. Schultz, James Smyth.
Application Number | 20140280269 13/840258 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 51533228 |
Filed Date | 2014-09-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140280269 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Schultz; Stephen L. ; et
al. |
September 18, 2014 |
Virtual property reporting for automatic structure detection
Abstract
A computer system comprises a processor capable of executing
processor executable code operably coupled with a non-transitory
computer medium storing processor executable code, which when
executed by the processor causes the processor to: (a) receive a
first signal over a computer network, the first signal indicative
of a request for information about a target structure from a user;
(b) in response to receiving the first signal, access a database
including information about the target structure; and (c) transmit
a second signal over the computer network indicative of a virtual
property report for the target structure including at least one
image of the target structure. The virtual property report may
include information about a facet of the target structure facing a
street, location of a main entrance of the target structure,
location of a secondary entrance of the target structure, location
of vehicle access to the target structure.
Inventors: |
Schultz; Stephen L.; (West
Henrietta, NY) ; Kennedy; David Arthur; (Webster,
NY) ; Smyth; James; (Warrenton, VA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Pictometry International Corp. |
Rochester |
NY |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
51533228 |
Appl. No.: |
13/840258 |
Filed: |
March 15, 2013 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
707/758 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06F 16/5866 20190101;
G06F 16/29 20190101; G06F 16/532 20190101; G06K 9/00637 20130101;
G06Q 50/16 20130101; G06F 16/9537 20190101 |
Class at
Publication: |
707/758 |
International
Class: |
G06F 17/30 20060101
G06F017/30 |
Claims
1. A computer system comprising at least one processor capable of
executing processor executable code operably coupled with a
non-transitory computer medium storing processor executable code,
which when executed by the at least one processor causes the at
least one processor to: receive a first signal over a computer
network, the first signal indicative of a request for information
about a target structure from a user; in response to receiving the
first signal, access a database including information about the
target structure; and transmit a second signal over the computer
network, the second signal indicative of a virtual property report
for the target structure including at least one image of the target
structure.
2. The computer system of claim 1, wherein the processor executable
code when executed by the at least one processor causes the
processor to determine using aerial imagery and at least one data
set indicative of street files information about one or more of: a
facet of the target structure facing a street, location of a main
entrance of the target structure relative to the street, location
of a secondary entrance of the target structure relative to the
street, location of vehicle access to the target structure within
the at least one image, and store the information in the database
and associated with the target structure.
3. The computer system of claim 2, wherein the processor executable
code for determining the information is organized to be executed by
the at least one processor prior to executing the instructions to
receive the first signal.
4. The computer system of claim 2, wherein the processor executable
code when executed by the at least one processor causes the
processor to access the information indicative of the facet of the
target structure facing the street, and retrieve and display an
image of the facet within the virtual property report.
5. The computer system of claim 1, wherein prior to the step of
receiving the first signal over the computer network, the processor
executable code when executed by the at least one processor causes
the at least one processor to receive a selection of one or more
pixels within a displayed image of the target structure in which
the one or more pixels have pixel coordinates, transform the pixel
coordinates into real-world geographic coordinates, measure
distances between the real-world coordinates, and store the
measurements on a non-transitory computer readable medium within
the database and associated with the target structure.
6. The computer system of claim 5, wherein the processor executable
code when executed by the at least one processor causes the at
least one processor to associate a label identifying the
measurement with a particular measurement, and store the label with
the measurement within the database and associated with the target
structure.
7. The computer system of claim 6, wherein the label identifying
the measurement is a particular field within the database.
8. The computer system of claim 6, wherein the label is selected
from the group including orientation and area of a driveway
depicted within the displayed image, size or area of a deck
depicted within the displayed image, location and height of trees
adjacent to the target structure, areas of windows of the target
structure, area of a vertical or pitched surface on the target
structure, a height of an eave of the target structure, a height of
a chimney of the target structure, a distance to a church from the
target structure.
9. The computer system of claim 1, wherein the processor executable
code when executed by the at least one processor causes the at
least one processor to analyze a parcel database to determine an
identity of neighboring parcels either adjacent to the target
structure or within a predefined radius of the target structure,
and to make available to a user information related to neighboring
parcels when accessing information indicative of the target
structure.
10. The computer system of claim 9, wherein the processor
executable code when executed by the at least one processor causes
the at least one processor to identify ownership or residency of
neighboring parcels and to store a link within the database to
information indicative of the owners or residents of neighboring
parcels.
11. The computer system of claim 9, wherein the processor
executable code when executed by the at least one processor causes
the at least one processor to identify social media information of
owners or residents of neighboring parcels and to store information
within the database indicative of the social media information of
the owners or residents of the neighboring parcels.
12. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing computer
executable instructions that when executed by a processor cause the
one or more processor to determine data indicative of one or more
predetermined features of a target structure displayed in an image,
the one or more predetermined features selected from: a facet of
the target structure facing a street, location of a main entrance
of the target structure relative to the street, location of a
secondary entrance of the target structure relative to the street,
orientation and area of a driveway of the target structure,
location of vehicle access to the target structure, size and area
of a deck of the target structure, real-world geographic location
and height of a tree depicted in the image with the target
structure, a geographic location of a trunk of a tree depicted in
the image with the target structure, an area of a window of the
target structure, an area of siding of the target structure
depicted within multiple aerial images, a height of an eave of the
target structure, height of a chimney of the target structure, a
distance to one or more churches from the target structure, and
social media information of a neighbor of the target structure.
13. A computer system comprising at least one processor capable of
executing processor executable code operably coupled with a
non-transitory computer medium storing processor executable code,
which when executed by the at least one processor causes the at
least one processor to: receive a first signal over a computer
network, the first signal indicative of a request for information
about a target structure from a user; in response to receiving the
first signal, access a database including multiple aerial images of
the target structure; automatically identify an aerial image from
the multiple aerial images depicting a facet of the target
structure that faces a street; and transmit a second signal over
the computer network, the signal indicative of the aerial image of
the target structure depicting the facet of the target structure
that faces the street.
14. The computer system of claim 13, wherein the processor
executable code causes the processor to transmit a sequence of
third signals depicting the multiple aerial images following the
transmission of the second signal.
15. The computer system of claim 13, wherein the processor
executable code causes the at least one processor to identify the
facet of the target structure that faces the street by: accessing a
file identifying the street; projecting a line through at least a
portion of a facet of the target structure to the street; and
identifying the facet that the line is projected through as the
facet of the target structure that faces the street.
16. The computer system of claim 13, wherein the processor
executable code further causes the at least one processor to
identify a rear facet of the target structure as a facet that is
positioned at about 180.degree. relative to the facet of the target
structure that faces the street.
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] In the remote sensing/aerial imaging industry, imagery may
be used to capture views of a geographic area in order to measure
objects and/or structures within the images. These are generally
referred to as "geo-referenced images" and come in two basic
categories:
[0002] Vertical Imagery--images captured with a camera pointed
vertically downward thus generally capturing the tops of
structures; and
[0003] Oblique Imagery--images captured with a camera aimed at an
angle capturing the sides, as well as, tops of structures.
[0004] Most vertical imagery may be processed in order to fit a
mathematically rectangular projection or map. This process is known
as ortho-rectification and attempts to create an appearance as if
the sensor were directly above each pixel in the image. The
resulting image is known as an ortho-photo. Since the images are
mathematically projected, they may be combined into a seamless
mosaic resulting in a composite image known as an ortho-mosaic. The
term `ortho image` is used to denote a geo-referenced image that is
either an ortho-photo image or an ortho-mosaic image.
[0005] Because they are captured looking straight down, an
ortho-photo or ortho-mosaic contains a view of the world to which
many are not accustomed. As a result, there may be difficulty in
distinguishing between two different properties (e.g., buildings,
structures, and/or other man-made or natural objects or features)
as the only portions of the structures visible in the ortho-mosaic
are rooftops. An oblique image, in contrast, is captured at an
angle showing sides of objects and structures. Aerial imagery may
be used in identification of dimensions of buildings or structures.
Traditional ortho-rectified imagery has limited use, however,
because it reveals only the edge of the roof and does not reveal
several important aspects of the building.
SUMMARY
[0006] In one aspect, the inventive concepts disclosed herein are
directed to a computer system comprising at least one processor
capable of executing processor executable code operably coupled
with a non-transitory computer medium storing processor executable
code, which when executed by the at least one processor causes the
at least one processor to: (a) receive a first signal over a
computer network, the first signal indicative of a request for
information about a target structure from a user; (b) in response
to receiving the first signal, access a database including
information about the target structure; and (c) transmit a second
signal over the computer network, the second signal indicative of a
virtual property report for the target structure including at least
one image of the target structure.
[0007] The processor executable code when executed by the at least
one processor may further cause the processor to determine using
aerial imagery and at least one data set indicative of street files
information about one or more of: a facet of the target structure
facing a street, location of a main entrance of the target
structure relative to the street, location of a secondary entrance
of the target structure relative to the street, location of vehicle
access to the target structure within the at least one image, and
to store the information in the database and be associated with the
target structure. The processor executable code for determining the
information may be organized to be executed by the at least one
processor prior to executing the instructions to receive the first
signal. The processor executable code when executed by the at least
one processor may further cause the processor to access the
information indicative of the facet of the target structure facing
the street, and retrieve and display an image of the facet within
the virtual property report. The processor executable code when
executed by the at least one processor may also cause the at least
one processor to receive a selection of one or more pixels within a
displayed image of the target structure in which the one or more
pixels have pixel coordinates, transform the pixel coordinates into
real-world geographic coordinates, measure distances between the
real-world coordinates, and store the measurements on a
non-transitory computer readable medium within the database and
associated with the target structure, prior to the step of
receiving the first signal over the computer network. The processor
executable code when executed by the at least one processor may
further cause the at least one processor to associate a label
identifying the measurement with a particular measurement, and
store the label with the measurement within the database and
associated with the target structure. The label identifying the
measurement may be a particular field within the database, and/or
may be selected from the group including orientation and area of a
driveway depicted within the displayed image, size or area or
elevations of a deck depicted within the displayed image, location
and height of trees adjacent to the target structure, areas of
windows of the target structure, area of a vertical or pitched
surface on the target structure, a height of an eave of the target
structure, a height of a chimney of the target structure, a
distance to a church from the target structure.
[0008] The processor executable code when executed by the at least
one processor may further cause the at least one processor to
analyze a parcel database to determine an identity of neighboring
parcels either adjacent to the target structure or within a
predefined radius of the target structure, and to make available to
a user information related to neighboring parcels when accessing
information indicative of the target structure. The processor
executable code when executed by the at least one processor may
further cause the at least one processor to identify ownership or
residency of neighboring parcels and to store a link within the
database to information indicative of the owners or residents of
neighboring parcels. The processor executable code when executed by
the at least one processor may also cause the at least one
processor to identify social media information of owners or
residents of neighboring parcels and to store information within
the database indicative of the social media information of the
owners or residents of the neighboring parcels.
[0009] In a further aspect, the inventive concepts disclosed herein
are directed to a non-transitory computer readable medium storing
computer executable instructions that when executed by a processor
cause the one or more processor to determine data indicative of one
or more predetermined features of a target structure displayed in
an image, the one or more predetermined features selected from: a
facet of the target structure facing a street, location of a main
entrance of the target structure relative to the street, location
of a secondary entrance of the target structure relative to the
street, orientation and area of a driveway of the target structure,
location of vehicle access to the target structure, size and area
and elevations of a deck of the target structure, real-world
geographic location and height of a tree depicted in the image with
the target structure, a geographic location of a trunk of a tree
depicted in the image with the target structure, an area of a
window of the target structure, an area of siding (e.g., an area of
a wall or portion of a wall) of the target structure depicted
within multiple aerial images, a height of an eave of the target
structure, height of a chimney of the target structure, a distance
to one or more churches from the target structure, and/or social
media information of a neighbor of the target structure.
[0010] In a further aspect, the inventive concepts disclosed herein
are directed to a computer system comprising at least one processor
capable of executing processor executable code operably coupled
with a non-transitory computer readable medium storing processor
executable code, which when executed by the at least one processor
causes the at least one processor to: (a) receive a first signal
over a computer network, the first signal indicative of a request
for information about a target structure from a user; (b) in
response to receiving the first signal, access a database including
multiple aerial images of the target structure; (c) automatically
identify an aerial image from the multiple aerial images depicting
a facet of the target structure that faces a street; and (d)
transmit a second signal over the computer network, the signal
indicative of the aerial image of the target structure depicting
the facet of the target structure that faces the street. The
processor executable code may further cause the processor to
transmit a sequence of third signals depicting the multiple aerial
images following the transmission of the second signal. The
processor executable code may also cause the at least one processor
to identify the facet of the target structure that faces the street
by: (1) accessing a file identifying the street; (2) projecting a
line through at least a portion of a facet of the target structure
to the street; and (3) identifying the facet that the line is
projected through as the facet of the target structure that faces
the street. The processor executable code may further cause the at
least one processor to identify a rear facet of the target
structure as a facet that is positioned at about 180.degree.
relative to the facet of the target structure that faces the
street.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] To assist those of ordinary skill in the relevant art in
making and using the subject matter hereof, reference is made to
the appended drawings, which are not intended to be drawn to scale,
and in which like reference numerals are intended to refer to
similar elements for consistency. For purposes of clarity, not
every component may be labeled in every drawing.
[0012] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of hardware forming an
exemplary embodiment of a computer system constructed in accordance
with the present disclosure.
[0013] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of one or more
host systems according to the instant disclosure.
[0014] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of one or more
memory according to the instant disclosure.
[0015] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an exemplary method for determining
one or more physical attributes and dimensions of a foundation of a
structure in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0016] FIG. 5 is a pictorial representation of an image showing an
exemplary process for detecting location of a structure.
[0017] FIGS. 6-8 are simplified pictorial representations showing
an exemplary process for defining edges of a structure in
accordance with the present disclosure.
[0018] FIG. 9 is an exemplary embodiment of a foundation estimate
report presentation page according to the present disclosure.
[0019] FIG. 10 is an exemplary embodiment of a window replacement
estimate report presentation page according to the present
disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
[0020] Before explaining at least one embodiment of the inventive
concepts disclosed herein in detail, it is to be understood that
the disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of
construction, experiments, exemplary data, and/or the arrangement
of the components set forth in the following description or
illustrated in the drawings.
[0021] The inventive concepts disclosed herein are capable of other
embodiments or of being practiced or carried out in various ways.
Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology
employed herein is for purpose of description and should not be
regarded as limiting.
[0022] The following detailed description refers to the
accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in different
drawings may identify the same or similar elements.
[0023] As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising,"
"includes," "including," "has," "having" or any other variation
thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For
example, a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a
list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements,
but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to
such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0024] As used in the instant disclosure, the terms "provide",
"providing", and variations thereof comprise displaying or
providing for display of a webpage (e.g., structure detection
webpage) to one or more user terminals (e.g., an access point)
interfacing with a computer and/or computer network(s) and/or
allowing the one or more user terminal(s) to participate, such as
by interacting with one or more mechanisms on a webpage (e.g.,
structure detection webpage) by sending and/or receiving signals
(e.g., digital, optical, and/or the like) via a computer network
interface (e.g., Ethernet port, TCP/IP port, optical port, cable
modem, a DSL modem, POTS modem, and combinations thereof). A user
may be provided with a web page in a web browser, or in a software
application, for example.
[0025] Further, unless expressly stated to the contrary, "or"
refers to an inclusive or and not to an exclusive or. For example,
a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is
true (or present) and B is false (or not present), A is false (or
not present) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true
(or present).
[0026] In addition, use of the "a" or "an" are employed to describe
elements and components of the embodiments herein. This is done
merely for convenience and to give a general sense of the inventive
concept. This description should be read to include one or more and
the singular also includes the plural unless it is obvious that it
is meant otherwise.
[0027] Further, use of the term "plurality" is meant to convey
"more than one" unless expressly stated to the contrary.
[0028] As used herein any reference to "one embodiment," "an
embodiment", "one example," or "an example" means that a particular
element, feature, structure, or characteristic described in
connection with the embodiment is included in at least one
embodiment. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" or
"one example" in various places in the specification are not
necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example.
[0029] Circuitry, as used herein, may be analog and/or digital,
components, or one or more suitably programmed microprocessors and
associated hardware and software, or hardwired logic. Also,
"components" may perform one or more functions. The term
"component," may include hardware, such as a processor, an
application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a field
programmable gate array (FPGA), or a combination of hardware and
software. Software includes one or more computer executable
instructions that when executed by one or more component cause the
component to perform a specified function. It should be understood
that the algorithms described herein are stored on one or more
non-transient memory. Exemplary non-transitory memory includes
random access memory, read only memory, flash memory or the like.
Such non-transient memory may be electrically based or optically
based, for example.
[0030] Generally, but not by way of limitation, the inventive
concepts disclosed herein are directed to computer systems,
databases, and methods for visual insight for a target location
and/or property, stemming from a confluence of accumulated relevant
data, visualizing imagery, maps, and measurement-based analysis.
The target property or location may be any manmade or natural
structure, building, or feature. Visual insight according to the
inventive concepts disclosed herein may be provided to users in the
form of virtual property reports including one or more images of
the property, as will be described in detail herein, for example.
Automated or semi-automated algorithms may be used to determine any
measurements relating to the target location, and a user or an
administrator may review the determination of the algorithms and
accept or edit the determination, or direct the algorithm to start
over, for example.
[0031] Referring now to the figures, and in particular to FIG. 1,
shown therein is an exemplary structure detection system 10
constructed in accordance with the present disclosure. System 10
may be a system or systems that are able to embody and/or execute
the logic of the processes described herein. Logic embodied in the
form of software instructions or firmware may be executed on any
appropriate hardware. For example, logic embodied in the form of
software instructions or firmware may be executed on dedicated
system or systems, or on a personal computer system, or on a
distributed processing computer system, or the like. In some
embodiments, logic may be implemented in a stand-alone environment
operating on a single computer system and/or logic may be
implemented in a networked environment such as a distributed system
using multiple computers and/or processors exchanging signals over
a computer network and/or via one or more computer ports.
[0032] In some exemplary embodiments, system 10 may be distributed,
and include one or more host systems 12 communicating with one or
more user devices 14 via a network 16. As used herein, the terms
"network-based," "cloud-based." and any variations thereof, are
intended to include the provision of configurable computational
resources on demand via interfacing with a computer and/or computer
network, with software and/or data at least partially located on
the computer and/or computer network, by pooling processing power
of two or more networked processors.
[0033] In some exemplary embodiments, the network 16 may be the
Internet and/or other network. For example, if the network 16 is
the Internet, a primary user interface of system 10 may be
delivered through a series of web pages. It should be noted that
the primary user interface of the system 10 may be replaced by
another type of interface, such as a Windows-based application
(e.g., deploying the system 10 in a stand-alone environment such as
a kiosk).
[0034] The network 16 may be almost any type of network. For
example, in some embodiments, the network 16 may be an Internet
and/or Internet 2 network (e.g., exist in a TCP/IP-based network).
It is conceivable that in the near future, embodiments of the
present disclosure may use more advanced networking topologies.
[0035] The one or more user devices 14 may include, but are not
limited to implementation as a personal computer, a smart phone,
network-capable television set, a television set-top box, a tablet,
an e-book reader, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a
network-capable handheld device, a video game console, a server, a
digital video recorder, a DVD-player, a Blu-Ray player, and
combinations thereof, for example. In some embodiments, the user
device 14 may include one or more input devices 18, one or more
output devices 20, one or more processors (not shown) capable of
interfacing with the network 16, processor executable code, and/or
a web browser capable of accessing a website and/or communicating
information and/or data over a network, such as the network 16. As
will be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, the one
or more user devices 14 may include one or more non-transitory
computer memory comprising processor executable code and/or
software applications, for example. Current embodiments of system
10 may also be modified to use any of these user devices 14 or
future developed devices capable of communicating with the one or
more host systems 12 via the network 16.
[0036] The one or more input devices 18 may be capable of receiving
information input from a user and/or processor(s), and transmitting
such information to the user device 14 and/or to the network 16.
The one or more input devices 18 may include, but are not limited
to, implementation as a keyboard, touchscreen, mouse, trackball,
microphone, fingerprint reader, infrared port, slide-out keyboard,
flip-out keyboard, cell phone, PDA, video game controller, remote
control, fax machine, network interface, and combinations thereof,
for example.
[0037] The one or more output devices 20 may be capable of
outputting information in a form perceivable by a user and/or
processor(s). For example, the one or more output devices 20 may
include, but are not limited to, implementations as a computer
monitor, a screen, a touchscreen, a speaker, a website, a
television set, a smart phone, a PDA, a cell phone, a fax machine,
a printer, a laptop computer, a web server, a network interface
card or port, and combinations thereof, for example. It is to be
understood that in some exemplary embodiments, the one or more
input devices 18 and the one or more output devices 20 may be
implemented as a single device, such as, for example, a touchscreen
or a tablet. It is to be further understood that as used herein the
term user is not limited to a human being, and may comprise, a
computer, a server, a website, a processor, a network interface, a
human, a user terminal, a virtual computer, and combinations
thereof, for example.
[0038] The system 10 may include one or more host systems 12. For
example, FIG. 1 illustrates system 10 having two host systems 12a
and 12b although a single host system 12 may be included in system
10, or in the alternative, more than two host systems 12 may be
included in system 10. In some embodiments, the host systems 12 may
be partially or completely network-based or cloud based. The host
system 12 may or may not be located in a single physical location.
Additionally, multiple host systems 12 may or may not necessarily
be located in a single physical location.
[0039] Each of the host systems 12 may be capable of interfacing
and/or communicating with the one or more user devices 14 via the
network 16. For example, the host systems 12 may be capable of
interfacing by exchanging signals (e.g., analog, digital, optical,
and/or the like) via one or more ports (e.g., physical ports or
virtual ports) using a network protocol, for example. Additionally,
each host system 12 may be capable of interfacing and/or
communicating with other host systems directly and/or via the
network 16, such as by exchanging signals (e.g., analog, digital,
optical, and/or the like) via one or more ports.
[0040] For simplicity, the host system 12a may be referred to
hereinafter as the "first host system" and the host system 12b may
be referred to hereinafter as the "second host system." The network
16 may permit bi-directional communication of information and/or
data between the first host system 12a, the second host system 12b,
and/or user devices 14. The network 16 may interface with the first
host system 12a, the second host system 12b, and the user devices
14 in a variety of ways. For example, the network 16 may interface
by optical and/or electronic interfaces, and/or may use a plurality
of network topographies and/or protocols including, but not limited
to, Ethernet, TCP/IP, circuit switched paths, and/or combinations
thereof. For example, in some embodiments, the network 16 may be
implemented as the World Wide Web (or Internet), a local area
network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitan network, a
wireless network, a cellular network, a GSM-network, a CDMA
network, a 3G network, a 4G network, a satellite network, a radio
network, an optical network, a cable network, a public switched
telephone network, an Ethernet network, and/or combinations
thereof, for example. Additionally, the network 16 may use a
variety of network protocols to permit bi-directional interface
and/or communication of data and/or information between the first
host system 12a, the second host system 12b, and/or one or more
user devices 14.
[0041] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the first
host system 12a may comprise one or more processors 30 working
together, or independently to, execute processor executable code,
one or more memories 32 capable of storing processor executable
code, one or more input devices 34, and one or more output devices
36. Each element of the first host system 12a may be partially or
completely network-based or cloud-based, and may or may not be
located in a single physical location.
[0042] The one or more processors 30 may be implemented as a single
or plurality of processors working together, or independently, to
execute the logic as described herein. Exemplary embodiments of the
one or more processors 30 may include, but are not limited to, a
digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a
field programmable gate array (FPGA), a microprocessor, a
multi-core processor, and/or combinations thereof, for example. The
one or more processors 30 may be capable of communicating with the
one or more memories 32 via a path (e.g., data bus). The one or
more processors 30 may be capable of communicating with the input
devices 34 and/or the output devices 36.
[0043] The one or more processors 30 may be further capable of
interfacing and/or communicating with the one or more user devices
14 via the network 16. For example, the one or more processors 30
may be capable of communicating via the network 16 by exchanging
signals (e.g., analog, digital, optical, and/or the like) via one
or more ports (e.g., physical or virtual ports) using a network
protocol. It is to be understood, that in certain embodiments using
more than one processor 30, the processors 30 may be located
remotely from one another, located in the same location, or
comprising a unitary multi-core processor. The one or more
processors 30 may be capable of reading and/or executing processor
executable code and/or capable of creating, manipulating,
retrieving, altering, and/or storing data structures into one or
more memories 32.
[0044] The one or more memories 32 may be a non-transitory computer
memory capable of storing processor executable code. Additionally,
the one or more memories 32 may be implemented as a non-transitory
random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a hard drive, a solid state
drive, a flash drive, a memory card, a DVD-ROM, a floppy disk, an
optical drive, and/or combinations thereof, for example.
[0045] In some embodiments, one or more memories 32 may be located
in the same physical location as the first host system 12a, and/or
the one or more memories 32 may be located remotely from the first
host system 12a. For example, one or more memories 32 may be
located remotely from the first host system 12a and communicate
with the one or more processors 30 via the network 16.
Additionally, when more than one memory 32 is used, a first memory
32 may be located in the same physical location as the one or more
processors 30, and additional memories 32 may be located in a
remote physical location from the one or more processors 30. It
should be noted that the physical location(s) of the one or more
memories 32 may be varied. Additionally, one or more of the
memories 32 may be implemented as a "cloud memory" (i.e., one or
more memories 32 may be partially or completely based on or
accessed using the network 16).
[0046] The one or more input devices 34 may transmit data to the
one or more processors 30 and may include, but are not limited to,
implementations as a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, a camera, a
cellular phone, a tablet, a smart phone, a PDA, a microphone, a
network adapter, and/or combination thereof, for example. The input
devices 34 may be located in the same physical location as the one
or more processors 30, or may be remotely located and/or partially
or completely network-based.
[0047] The one or more output devices 36 may transmit information
from the one or more processors 30 to a user, such that the
information may be perceived by the user. For example, the output
devices 36 may include, but are not limited to, implementations as
a server, a computer monitor, a cell phone, a tablet, a speaker, a
website, a PDA, a fax, a printer, a projector, a laptop monitor,
and/or combinations thereof, for example. The one or more output
devices 36 may be physically located with the one or more
processors 30, or may be located remotely from the one or more
processors 30, and may be partially or completely network based
(e.g., website). As described herein, the term "user" is not
limited to a human, and may comprise a human, a computer, a host
system, a smart phone, a tablet, and/or combinations thereof, for
example.
[0048] Referring to FIGS. 1-3, the one or more memories 32 may
store processor executable code and/or information comprising one
or more databases 40 and program logic 42. In some embodiments, the
processor executable code may be stored as a data structure, such
as a database and/or a data table in the one or more memories 32,
for example.
[0049] The second host system 12b may be similar or substantially
similar in design and concept as the first host system 12a as
described herein. The first host system 12a may directly
communicate with the second host system 12b and/or communicate via
the network 16. Generally, the first host system 12a may include
one or more processors 30 capable of executing a first set of
processor executable code and the second host system 12b may
include one or more processors 30 capable of executing a second set
of processor executable code.
[0050] In some embodiments, the first host system 12a and the
second host system 12b may be independently or cooperatively
controlled by separate entities, or may be controlled by the same
entity. For example, the first host system 12a may be controlled by
a first company and the second host system 12b may be controlled by
a second company distinct from the first company. For example, the
first host system 12a may be controlled by an imaging company and
the second host system 12b may be controlled by a building material
supplier. The imaging company may be a separate entity from the
building material supplier. Other entities may control either the
first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b including,
but not limited to, building contractors, real estate agencies,
weather agencies, community agencies, home maintenance companies
(e.g., gardeners, housekeeping services, window washers, pool
maintenance companies, cleaning companies, and/or the like),
federal agencies, state agencies, municipal agencies, schools,
religious organizations, sport and recreation agencies, insurance
agencies, historical commissions, utility agencies (e.g., water,
gas, electric, sewer, phone, cable, internet, and/or the like),
commercial agencies (e.g., grocery stores, big box stores, malls,
restaurants, gas/auto service stations, and/or the like), news
agencies, travel agencies, mapping agencies, and/or the like.
[0051] In general, system 10 may be configured to display and
navigate geo-referenced imagery, such as aerial oblique imagery or
aerial orthogonal imagery, and/or maps, sketches, and
two-dimensional or three-dimensional models (e.g.,
location-centric). The geo-referenced imagery may be represented by
a pixel map and/or by a series of tiled pixel maps that when
aggregated recreate an image pixel map. Alternatively, the oblique
imagery may be applied to one or more maps (e.g., street or parcel)
or two-dimensional or three-dimensional models of structure(s) 102
depicted within the one or more two or three-dimensional models,
rather than being applied to an image pixel map, for example. The
geo-referenced imagery may be stored in a database 40 as one or
more electronic files that may be rendered into a picture, an
image, or a sketch. The electronic files may be in any suitable
image format (e.g., JPEG, BMP, TIFF, and/or the like).
[0052] The system 10 will be described by way of an example
utilizing aerial geo-reference images as the geo-referenced
imagery. However, it should be understood that system 10 may use
other types of geo-referenced images and/or geo-referenced
information, such as architectural images, sketches, street-view
type images, terrestrial images, and combinations thereof, for
example.
[0053] FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart 70 of an exemplary method
for generally detecting one or more physical properties of a
structure, such as the structure 102.
[0054] In a step 72, a target address for a particular structure
may be obtained (e.g., selection on an image, reverse geo-coding an
address, performing a parcel database look-up). For example, in
some embodiments, a user may input a target address of the property
or structure (e.g., the structure 102) in the one of more user
devices 14. The terms "property" and "structure" may be used
interchangeably with one another and may include a structure 102,
along with surrounding land, buildings, structures, or
features.
[0055] FIG. 4 provides an exemplary detailed method 70 for
obtaining a footprint of a foundation of a structure 102 using
system and method illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. System 10 may be
described by way of example utilizing aerial geo-referenced images
as the geo-referenced imagery. However, it should be understood
that system 10 may use other types of geo-referenced images, such
as architectural images. In some embodiments, the methods as
described herein may be used in addition to systems and methods as
described in U.S. application Ser. No. 61/564,699, which is hereby
incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0056] In some embodiments, a user (e.g. customer) may register a
user profile with the first host system 12a and/or the second host
system 12b. The user profile may be created and/or stored. For
example, the user may be prompted by the first host system 12a
and/or the second host system 12b to provide login credentials
(e.g., username and/or password). Login credentials may allow the
first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b to
authenticate the user. The user profile may include information
including, but not limited to, demographic information including,
but not limited to, name, age, address, billing account
information, username, password, behavioral information,
experience, gender, and/or the like.
[0057] Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, in a step 72, a target location
may be selected for a building or a structure 102. For example, in
some embodiments, a user may input a target location into one or
more user devices 14 by clicking on an image, reverse geo-coding an
address, performing a parcel database look-up, and/or the like.
Alternatively, the system 10 may automatically provide a target
location. For example, the first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b may provide a target location for evaluation
without user input.
[0058] In a step 74, the first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b may select one or more images containing the target
location. In some embodiments, oblique geo-referenced images may be
obtained using oblique aerial imagery as described in U.S. Pat. No.
7,787,659, U.S. Pat. No. 7,873,238, U.S. Pat. No. 7,424,133, and
U.S. Pat. No. 5,247,356, all of which are hereby expressly
incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[0059] Further, geo-referenced images may be obtained using oblique
terrestrial imagery. For example, in some embodiments, images may
be obtained using oblique terrestrial imagery if the images are
capable of being measured upon and/or determined to reveal physical
attributes of a structure as described herein.
[0060] Geo-referenced images may be images having stored
geo-referenced parameters. For example, geo-referenced images and
parameters, when combined with a ground plane, (as described in
U.S. Pat. No. 7,424,133) may provide a determination of pixel
location in real world coordinates (e.g., latitude, longitude) in
the geo-referenced image. Measurements may then be made by
calculating a difference in pixel location between points of
measurement. For example, for distance measurements, calculations
may be determined using circle routes and/or across a terrain by
tracing a route along a ground plane or between multiple points in
a structure. Automated or semi-automated algorithms may be used to
determine any of the measurements, and a user or an administrator
may review the measurement of the algorithms and accept or edit the
measurement, or direct the algorithm to start over, for
example.
[0061] Referring to FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, in a step 76, the first host
system 12a and/or the second host system 12b may display an image
of the target location on one or more user devices 14. For example,
the target location in FIG. 5 includes the structure 102. In some
embodiments, the first host system 12a and/or the second host
system 12b may display the image of the target location on one or
more output devices 36. In some embodiments, multiple
geo-referenced images showing multiple facets of the structure 102
may be provided. For example, geo-referenced images from each
cardinal direction (e.g., North, South, East, and West) may be
provided for each structure 102.
[0062] In some embodiments, the first host system 12a and/or the
second host system 12b may use an application (e.g., software
application) to evaluate and/or select the one or more
geo-referenced images including the target location and/or
structure 102. Additionally, in some embodiments, the first host
system 12a and/or the second host system 12b may use an application
to evaluate and/or select additional geo-referenced images from
other cardinal directions. For example, determination of a suitable
geo-referenced image for the target location or structure 102 may
be made by using methods and systems as described in U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 12/221,571, which is hereby incorporated by
reference in its entirety. Additionally, in some embodiments, the
first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b may
identify one or more structures 102 in the target location through
a building detection algorithm.
[0063] For example, in a step 80, a user may select the target
structure 102 on the image of the target location using one or more
user devices 14 and/or input devices 34.
[0064] The first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b
may select a geo-referenced image (e.g., orthogonal image)
displaying a roof or other physical attribute of the structure 102,
as in step 82.
[0065] In a step 84, the first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b may estimate the boundary of the structure 102 from
a structure detection algorithm using systems and methods as
described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/221,571, which is
hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0066] In a step 86, the first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b may select one or more geo-referenced images (e.g.,
oblique images) including one or more facets of the structure 102.
In some embodiments, at least one image for each
[0067] Referring to FIG. 8, in a step 102, the first host system
12a and/or the second host system 12b may determine horizontal
edges 104 that meet the outermost vertical edges 106.
Alternatively, the determination may be for vertical edges 106 that
meet the outermost horizontal edges 104.
[0068] The first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b
may further determine if multiple facets of the structure 102 exist
within the image, as in steps 106-114. In some embodiments,
however, the first host system 12a and/or the second host system
12b may skip the determination of multiple facets and proceed to
step 116. Determination of facets may be useful in defining
property attributes such as windows, siding, eaves, and the like,
as will be discussed in further detail herein. Referring to steps
106-114, in determining facets, the first host system 12a and/or
the second host system 12b may extrapolate the horizontal edges
104, vertical edges 106, and/or sloped edges 108 of each facet of
the structure 102, as in step 108. The first host system 12a and/or
the second host system 12b may pair the vertical edges 106 and/or
pair the horizontal edges 104 to determine the number of facets of
the structure 102 within the boundary area 103 of the image, as in
step 110. Property attributes (e.g., significant features) of the
structure 102 may be detected, as in step 112. For example, using
pairings of horizontal edges 104, vertical edges 106, and/or sloped
edges 108, windows may be detected on the structure 102. Additional
property attributes may include, but are not limited to, eaves,
siding, chimney(s), and/or the like.
[0069] In a step 114, the first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b may locate geometric vertices of each facet of the
structure 102. In some embodiments, geometric vertices may be
determined by an angle of intersection (.theta.) cardinal direction
may be provided for the structure 102. FIG. 6 illustrates a
simplified view of one facet of the structure 102.
[0070] The first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b
may run one or more edge detection algorithms on the one or more
geo-referenced images of the structure 102, as in step 88. The
multiple edge detection algorithms may include an edge detection
confidence rating. In a step 90, the first host system 12a and/or
the second host system 12b may store in the one or memories 32 the
geo-referenced information from the image(s), general information
about the image(s), confidence value(s), and/or the like.
[0071] The first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b
may compare each edge detection confidence value from each edge
detection algorithm, as in step 92. The first host system 12a
and/or the second host system 12b may also classify each edge
(e.g., "good," "likely," "unlikely," "discard") based on the
likeliness to an actual edge of the structure 102, as in step
94.
[0072] In a step 96, the first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b may classify each edge based on orientation. For
example, edges may be classified by horizontal edges 104, vertical
edges 106, sloped edges 108, and the like.
[0073] Referring to FIGS. 4-6, the first host system 12a and/or the
second host system 12b may compare the detected edges to the
boundary area, as in step 98. Detected edges may be limited to
those within the boundary area, as in step 100. Additionally, the
outermost horizontal edges and the outermost vertical edges may be
determined. For example, FIG. 7 illustrates the outermost vertical
edges 106 of FIG. 6.
[0074] Referring to FIG. 8, in a step 102, the first host system
12a and/or the second host system 12b may determine horizontal
edges 104 that meet the outermost vertical edges 106.
Alternatively, the determination may be for vertical edges 106 that
meet the outermost horizontal edges 104.
[0075] The first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b
may further determine if multiple facets of the structure 102 exist
within the image, as in steps 106-114. In some embodiments,
however, the first host system 12a and/or the second host system
12b may skip the determination of multiple facets and proceed to
step 116. Determination of facets may be useful in defining
property attributes such as windows, siding, eaves, and the like,
as will be discussed in further detail herein. Referring to steps
106-114, in determining facets, the first host system 12a and/or
the second host system 12b may extrapolate the horizontal edges
104, vertical edges 106, and/or sloped edges 108 of each facet of
the structure 102, as in step 108. The first host system 12a and/or
the second host system 12b may pair the vertical edges 106 and/or
pair the horizontal edges 104 to determine the number of facets of
the structure 102 within the boundary area 103 of the image, as in
step 110. Property attributes (e.g., significant features) of the
structure 102 may be detected, as in step 112. For example, using
pairings of horizontal edges 104, vertical edges 106, and/or sloped
edges 108, windows may be detected on the structure 102. Additional
property attributes may include, but are not limited to, eaves,
siding, chimney(s), and/or the like.
[0076] In a step 114, the first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b may locate geometric vertices of each facet of the
structure 102. In some embodiments, geometric vertices may be
determined by an angle of intersection (.theta.) between horizontal
edges 104 and vertical edges 106. For example, an intersection may
be approximately ninety degrees relative to each other as in FIG.
8.
[0077] In a step 116, the first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b may determine ground location 110 for one or more
facets of the structure 102. In a step 118, the first host system
12a and/or the second host system 12b may select horizontal edges
104 that connect to the vertical edges 106 parallel to a roofline
at the lowest point within the boundary area 103. In a step 120,
the first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b may
compared the ground location 110 with the lowest selected
horizontal edge 104 connecting the vertical edge 106 as determined
in step 118. If the horizontal edge 104 is determined to be the
lowest edge at the ground location 110 or substantially close to
the ground location 110, the horizontal edge 104 may be tagged as a
portion of the footprint of the structure 102, as in step 124.
Alternatively, the first host system 12a and/or the second host
system 12b may connect a horizontal line between vertical edges 106
at the ground location 110. For example, the first host system 12a
and/or the second host system 12b may connect a horizontal line
between vertical edges 106 at the ground location 110 in a position
parallel to a roofline of the structure 102, as in step 126. The
first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b may
continue to find each horizontal edge 104 at the ground location
110 for the structure as indicated by steps 128 and 130. The first
host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b may continue to
process each image of the structure 102 as indicated by steps 132
and 134.
[0078] Once all horizontal edges 104 of the structure 102 are
determined, the first host system 12a and/or the second host system
12b may use the horizontal edges 104 at the ground location 110 to
create, provide, and/or store a footprint of the structure 102 as
indicated by step 136. The first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b may then determine the footprint of the foundation
of the structure 102 based on the footprint of the structure 102.
For example, in some embodiments, the footprint of the structure
102 will be the footprint of the foundation of the structure 102.
Alternatively, the footprint of the foundation may include
additional portions outside of the range of the footprint of the
structure 102 (e.g., additional porch or deck square footage). As
such, the first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b
may additionally manipulate the footprint of the structure 102.
Such additional manipulation may be pre-assigned and/or user
initiated. Automated or semi-automated algorithms may be used to
make any of the above determinations and/or measurements, and a
user or an administrator may review the determinations and/or
measurements of the algorithms and accept or edit the measurement
or determination, or direct the algorithm to start over, for
example.
[0079] While an automated procedure is described herein with
reference to FIG. 4, it should be understood that semi-automated
procedures may be used for determining measurements, sketches,
and/or three-dimensional models. For example, the first host system
12a, the second host system 12b, the one or more input devices 18,
and/or the one or more user devices 14, may be included with
computer readable instructions stored on one or more non-transient
memory that when executed by the one or more processors permit the
user to select one or more pixels within one or more displayed
images indicative of a location of structure(s), vertices, and/or
other displayed features. The first host system 12a and/or the
second host system 12b, the one or more input devices 18, and/or
the one or more user devices 14 may then calculate a
three-dimensional location for the one or more selected pixels.
Further, various types of photogrammetry may be used to determine a
three-dimensional location of the one or more selected pixels. For
example, stereo photogrammetry, single image photogrammetry, and/or
the like may be used.
[0080] In some exemplary embodiments, the program logic 42 may
cause the first host system 12a and the second host system 12b to
cooperate with one another to aggregate geo-referenced data and/or
to geo-reference and then aggregate data in the database 40 to be
used for the various reports as will be described below. Multiple
measurements may be collected and stored in the database 40, to be
provided to users in the form of a virtual property report provided
on a computer screen as a physical property report provided as an
electronic file and/or a copy or a printout, for example.
[0081] In some embodiments, the program logic 42 may cause the
first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b to
aggregate geo-referenced data and/or to geo-reference and then
aggregate data in the database 40, and to use such aggregated data
for a variety of property reports which may include various
compilations of fact-based information aggregated from multiple
sources and presented co-incident with geo-referenced metric
oblique imagery, for example. The virtual property reports may
provide for extensive user interaction and may allow users to
determine what metric analysis is included in the report, either
when the report is requested, or at any time while viewing the
virtual property report, and combinations thereof. For instance,
when looking at a property to be insured, the inspector may wish to
know how far the structure is from the nearest adjacent structure.
The program logic 42 may include an automatic or a semi-automatic
(user assisted) method or tools for determining this distance with
imagery and/or other data available to the program and recording
the facts and including the facts in the subsequently prepared
virtual property report(s). Automated or semi-automated algorithms
may be used to make any of the determinations and/or measurements
described herein, and a user or an administrator may review the
determinations and/or measurements of the algorithms and accept or
edit the measurement or determination, or direct the algorithm to
start over, for example.
[0082] As an example, a potential customer may request a cost
estimate from a cleaning company to wash the windows of a structure
102. To provide an accurate estimate, the cleaning company may wish
to determine how many windows are to be washed, the area of the
windows, the height of the windows above the ground, access to the
windows (e.g., is there any landscaping or shrubbery that would
interfere with the window washing operation), can a ladder be used
to reach upper level windows, are there any bay windows or recessed
dormer windows, are there insect screens, etc. To that end, the
cleaning company may request a window report for a structure 102,
which may include the above information about the structure 102,
along with any other pertinent information to enable the cleaning
company to provide an accurate estimate without physical visitation
of the structure 102, for example. Further, the cleaning company
may benefit from an additional insight regarding the structure
owner's ability to pay, for example, what is the general affluence
of the area where the structure 102 is located, what is the
assessed tax value of the structure 102, where do the owners work,
and what is their work and/or work title (e.g., from social media
information), etc. This information may be provided as a virtual or
physical property report according to the inventive concepts
disclosed herein.
[0083] In one exemplary embodiment, virtual or physical property
reports according to the inventive concepts disclosed herein may
help users determine and document changes that have occurred over
time with respect to a particular structure 102, property, or a
general area such as a city, a park, a neighborhood, a housing
division, a business or office park, etc. The program logic 42 may
include processor executable instruction to visually and
analytically compare a target structure 102, property, or location
at two periods of time. For example, a virtual property report
according to the inventive concepts disclosed herein may include a
dual-pane or a multi-pane viewer to synchronize viewing the same
structure 102 or one or more facets thereof from two different
dates. The dual-pane viewer (e.g., a web page or a printout) may
include user tools to mark changes, measure differences (area of
structure 102 or area of turf grass, etc.). In some embodiments,
users may manually note the differences, for example. The host
system 12a and/or 12b may record a user's analysis and may insert
such analysis into a virtual property report that documents the
work, the sources of information and the results, for example. The
virtual property report may include information such as: how much
less green space is there now than before, how much taller is the
oak tree now than before, did the neighbor have the in-ground pool
back in 2005, was that back deck on the house in 2007, and any
other measurement and/or property related question that can be
determined from geo-referenced imagery, or from other data sources,
for example, that is compiled into a database.
[0084] Referring to FIGS. 1, 4 and 9, in some embodiments, a user
may be able to receive a foundation estimate report 200 using the
system 10. For example, the user may request an estimate for work
on the foundation of the structure 102 using one or more user
devices 14. In some embodiments, a user may request an estimate for
foundation work using one or more input devices 34 of the first
host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b. The first host
system 12a and/or the second host system 12b may use the method as
detailed in FIG. 4 to create, provide, and/or store the footprint
of the foundation and/or the dimensions of the foundation for the
structure 102. In some embodiments, a user may be able to
manipulate results of the method. For example, the user may be able
to verify results of the footprint, add additional portions and/or
details, and/or remove portions from consideration.
[0085] The first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b
may provide a report to the user for the foundation work to be
performed on the structure 102. For example, FIG. 9 illustrates an
exemplary foundation estimate report 200. The foundation estimate
report 200 may be distributed using the first host system 12a
and/or the second host system 12b to the one or more user devices
14 and/or input devices 34. In some embodiments, the report 200 may
be distributed to a third party system in addition to, or in lieu
of, the user. For example, if the user is a homeowner, the report
200 may be distributed to the customer and/or to a third party
system such as a material supplier, insurance company, real estate
agency, home service company, cleaning company, auditing company,
contractors, or the like. As used herein "agency" is intended to
include an individual, a group of individuals, a commercial or
charity organization or enterprise, a legal entity (e.g., a
corporation), an organization whether governmental or private, and
combinations thereof.
[0086] The foundation estimate report 200 may include data sets
such as customer information 202, foundation information 204,
estimated area detail 206, and contractor information 208.
[0087] The customer information data set 202 may include the
customer name, customer contact information, and/or the like. The
foundation information data set 204 may include one or more images
of the structure 102. The estimated area detail data set 206 may
include the total estimated square footage of the foundation as
determined using the system 10 as described herein.
[0088] The contractor data set 208 may include one or more
contractor names and/or associated contractor contact information.
For example, the contractor data set 208 may comprise information
about building contractors within a given geographic location. Each
contractor may be associated with a contractor profile having
information including, but not limited to, business name,
contractor owner name, address, experience level, specialties
performed, insurance coverage, age of contractor business, review,
or ranking information, and/or the like. For example, the
contractor data set 208 may include review information. The review
or ranking information may include positive and/or negative
feedback relating to each contractor. For example, the review or
ranking information may be based on prior customer feedback of
customers using the system 10. Review information may also be
obtained from one or more outside databases (e.g., Yelp, Google
review, and/or the like).
[0089] In some embodiments, contractors may self-register
information with the first host system 12a and/or the second host
system 12b. For example, a contractor may set-up a contractor
profile within the first host system 12a and/or the second host
system 12b. The contractor profile may have information including,
but not limited to, business name, contractor owner name, address,
experience level, age of contractor business, review information,
and/or the like.
[0090] In some embodiments, additional data sets may be included
within the foundation estimate report 200. For example, data sets
may include, but are not limited to, weather data,
insurance/valuation data, census data, school district data, real
estate data, and/or the like.
[0091] Weather data sets may be created, provided, and/or stored by
one or more databases storing information associated with weather
(e.g., inclement weather). A weather data set within the foundation
estimate report 200 may include, but is not limited to, hail
history information and/or location, wind data, severe thunderstorm
data, hurricane data, tornado data, flooding data, and/or the like.
In some embodiments, the one or more databases including weather
information may be hosted by a separate system (e.g.,
LiveHailMap.com) and contribute information to the first host
system 12a and/or the second host system 12b. In some embodiments,
the separate system (e.g., LiveHailMap.com) may be one or the first
host system 12a or the second host system 12b. The weather data set
may be included within the foundation estimate report 200 and
provided to the user and/or other parties.
[0092] Insurance and/or valuation data sets may be created,
provided, and/or stored by one or more databases storing
information associated with property insurance and/or valuation. An
insurance and/or valuation data set may include, but is not limited
to, insured value of the home, insurance premium amounts, type of
residence (e.g., multi-family, single family), number of floors
(e.g., multi-floor, single-floor) building type, location relative
to recognized hazard zones (wind, hail, flood, etc.), eligibility
for special insurance coverage (flood, storm surge), and/or the
like. The location relative to recognized hazard zones may be
measured using a walk-the-Earth feature along ground planes as
described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,424,133 and 8,233,666, for example.
Automated or semi-automated algorithms may be used to make any of
the determinations and/or measurements, and a user or an
administrator may review the determinations and/or measurements of
the algorithms and accept or edit the measurement or determination,
or direct the algorithm to start over, for example.
[0093] In some embodiments, the one or more databases may be hosted
by a separate system (e.g., Bluebook, MSB, 360Value), and
contribute information to the first host system 12a and/or the
second host system 12b. In some embodiments, the one or more
databases may be included in the first host system 12a and/or the
second host system 12b.
[0094] The insurance and/or valuation data set(s) may be included
within the foundation estimate report 200 and provided to the user
and/or other parties. For example, during underwriting of a home,
an insurance company may request the foundation estimate report 200
on a home that is recently purchased. The information within the
foundation estimate report 200 may be integrated with insurance
information from an insurance database and used to form a quote
report. The insurance and/or valuation data may be sent to the user
and/or to the insurance company as part of the foundation estimate
report 200, or separately, for example. Alternatively, the report
200 may be solely sent to the insurance company with the insurance
company using the information to formulate an insurance quote.
[0095] In another example, the report 200 may be used in an
insurance claim. In the case of a property damage and/or loss of a
customer, one or more databases may be used to create, provide,
and/or store an insurance dataset with claim information in the
report 200. For example, an insurance database having a policy in
force (PIF) and a weather database may be used to correlate
information regarding an insurance claim for a particular roof.
This information may be provided within the report 200.
[0096] Real estate and/or census data sets may also be included
within the one or more of the reports described herein, such as the
report 200. The real estate and/or census data sets may be created
and stored in one or more databases having detailed information of
the structure 102. For example, a real estate data set may include,
but is not limited to, the homeowner's name, the purchase price of
the home, the number of times the home has been on the market, the
number of days the home has been on the market, the lot size, the
rental history, number of bedrooms, number of bathrooms,
fireplaces, swimming pools, hot tubs, and/or the like.
[0097] Real estate assessment information may also be included
within the real estate data set. Real estate assessment information
may include, but is not limited to, one or more tools for locating
comparable properties to the structure 102, tax assessments of
similar valued properties, old photos of the structure 102 and/or
adjacent areas, history of the property title (e.g., abstract),
prior sales, prior owners, rental history, and/or the like.
[0098] The census data set may include information regarding the
number of residents within the home or structure 102, names and
addresses of neighborhood or community residents and/or companies,
ages of the surrounding population, gender of the surrounding
population, occupations of the surrounding population, income level
of the surrounding population, public personas, social media
information of neighbors (e.g., social media identities of
neighbors, social media friends, followers, or connections of
neighbors, or other social media profile information of neighbors,
such as pets, favorite music and movies, social organization
membership, hobbies, favorite sports and sport teams, relationship
status, recent social media posts or status updates, work,
profession, work title, etc.), presence of convicted felons, sex
offender identification, and/or the like. In some embodiments, the
one or more databases 40 may be hosted by a separate system (e.g.,
Core Logic) and contribute information to the first host system 12a
and/or the second host system 12b to provide data sets as described
herein. Alternatively, the one or more databases 40 may be
integrated within the first host system 12a or the second host
system 12b.
[0099] In some embodiments, the first host system 12a and/or the
second host system 12b may include logic and/or computer executable
instructions to determine and/or store one or more physical
attributes of the structure 102. Physical attributes of the
structure 102 may include, but are not limited to, the number
and/or dimensions or areas of windows of the structure 102, the
number and/or dimensions of doors, the amount and/or percentage of
building materials (e.g., siding, stone, and/or the like), the
dimension of attributes associated with the structure 102 (e.g.,
height of eaves, height and/or dimension of chimney(s), and/or the
like), and/or the like. Physical attributes may include any
attribute that may be measured or estimated or calculated by
measuring distances between the X, Y, and Z locations of the
geometric vertices and/or selected points by analyzing an aerial or
terrestrial image with computerized methodologies as described
herein. Automated or semi-automated algorithms may be used to make
any of the determinations and/or measurements described herein, and
a user or an administrator may review the determinations and/or
measurements of the algorithms and accept or edit the measurement
or determination, or direct the algorithm to start over, for
example.
[0100] In some embodiments, the first host system 12a and/or the
second host system 12b may determine the number and/or dimensions
or area of windows of the structure 102. For example, referring to
FIGS. 1 and 4, in step 108 the first host system 12a and/or the
second host system 12b may extrapolate horizontal edges 104,
vertical edges 106, and/or sloped edges 108 for each facet of a
structure 102. Horizontal edges 104 may be paired, vertical edges
106 may be paired, and/or sloped edges 108 may be paired as in step
110. Pairing of edges may include an overview of significant
features (e.g., physical attributes), such as windows of the
structure 102. The first host system 12a and/or the second host
system 12b may then locate geometric vertices of the horizontal
edges 104, vertical edges 106, and/or sloped edges 108, to outline
one or more windows of the structure 102. Dimensions of the one or
more windows may be determined by measuring distances between the
X, Y, and Z locations of the geometric vertices and/or selected
points by analyzing the image data as discussed above, and/or
within a separate image. Area of the windows may be determined from
the dimensions of the windows, for example. The X, Y, and Z
locations may be determined with the techniques described in U.S.
Pat. No. 7,424,133, for example.
[0101] Referring to FIGS. 1, 4 and 10, a user may be able to
receive a window replacement estimate report 300 using the system
10. For example, the user may request an estimate for window
replacement of the structure 102 using one or more user devices 14.
In some embodiments, a user may request an estimate for window
replacement using one or more input devices 34 of the first host
system 12a and/or the second host system 12b. The first host system
12a and/or the second host system 12b may use the methods as
detailed in FIG. 4 to create, provide, and/or store the number
and/or dimensions of the windows for the structure 102. In some
embodiments, a user may be able to manipulate results of the
method. For example, the user may be able to use the user device 14
to select the location of the geometric vertices of the windows to
verify windows, remove windows, and/or add windows for
consideration.
[0102] The first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b
may provide the report 300 to the user for the window estimation.
For example, FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary window replacement
estimate report 300. The window replacement estimate report 300 may
be distributed using the first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b to the one or more user devices 14 and/or input
devices 34. In some embodiments, the report 300 may be distributed
to a third party system in addition to, or in lieu of, the user.
For example, if the user is a homeowner, the report 300 may be
distributed to the customer and/or to a third party system such as
a material supplier, insurance company, real estate agency, home
service company, cleaning company, auditing company, contractors,
or the like.
[0103] The window replacement estimate report 300 may include data
sets such as customer information 302, structure information 304,
estimated number and/or area detail 306, and contractor information
308.
[0104] The customer information data set 302 may include the
customer name, customer contact information, and/or the like. The
structure information data set 304 may include one or more images
of the structure 102. The estimated number and/or area detail data
set 306 may provide the total estimated number and/or dimensions of
one or more window of the structure as determined using the system
10 as described herein. The contractor data set 308 may include one
or more contractor names and/or associated contractor contact
information.
[0105] In some embodiments, additional data sets may be included
within the window replacement estimate report 300. For example,
data sets may include, but are not limited to, weather data,
insurance/valuation data, census data, school district data, real
estate data, and/or the like as described herein. For example, in
some embodiments, the window replacement estimate report 300 may be
used in an insurance claim. In the case of property damage or loss
of a customer, the first host system 12a and/or the second host
system 12b may be used to create, provide, and/or store an
insurance dataset with claim information in the window replacement
estimate report 300. For example, an insurance database having a
policy in force (PIF) and a weather database may be used to
correlate information regarding an insurance claim for a particular
structure 102 with windows. This information may be provided within
the window replacement estimate report 300.
[0106] In some embodiments, system 10 may be used to generate a
siding replacement estimate report. The siding replacement estimate
report may be similar to the foundation estimate report 200 and the
window replacement estimate report 300 described herein. In
preparing the siding replacement estimate report, the first host
system 12a and/or the second host system 12b may determine the
dimensions of siding used on the exterior of the structure 102
including but not limited to dimensions and/or areas of distinct
sections of the exterior of the structure 102, and cumulative area
of different distinct sections. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 4, in step
108 the first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b may
extrapolate horizontal edges 104, vertical edges 106, and/or sloped
edges 108 for each distinct facet of the structure 102. Horizontal
edges 104 may be paired, vertical edges 106 may be paired, and/or
sloped edges 108 may be paired as in step 110. Pairing of edges may
reveal an overview of significant features (e.g., physical
attributes), such as the dimensions and/or amount of siding on the
exterior of the structure 102. The first host system 12a and/or the
second host system 12b may then locate geometric vertices of the
horizontal edges 104, vertical edges 106, and/or sloped edges 108
to outline the dimensions of the siding of the structure 102.
Dimensions of the siding may be determined using analysis of the
dimensions of one or more walls of the structure 102 within the
image, and/or within one or more separate images showing different
parts of the structure 102. In some embodiments the area of a wall
of the structure 102 may be substantially the same as the area of
the siding, while in some exemplary embodiment, the area of the
siding may be smaller than the area of the wall of the structure
102.
[0107] In some embodiments, a user may be able to receive a siding
replacement estimate report similar to the foundation estimate
report 200 and/or the window replacement estimate report 300 of
FIGS. 9 and 10. The siding replacement estimate report may include
data sets, including, but not limited to, customer information,
structure information, estimate details including type, area, and
price of siding, contractor information, and/or the like. In some
embodiments, additional data sets may be included within the siding
replacement estimate report. For example, data sets may include,
but are not limited to, weather data, insurance/valuation data,
census data, school district data, real estate data, and/or the
like as described herein.
[0108] In some embodiments, system 10 may be used to generate a
roofing report. The roofing report may be similar to the foundation
estimate report 200 and the window replacement estimate report 300
described herein.
[0109] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 4, the first host system 12a and/or
the second host system 12b may determine the height of eaves of the
structure 102. For example, in step 108 the first host system 12a
and/or the second host system 12b may extrapolate horizontal edges
104, vertical edges 106, and/or sloped edges 108 for each facet of
a structure 102. The first host system 12a and/or the second host
system 12b may then determine horizontal edges 104 located at the
peak of the structure 102 using the methods described in FIG. 4, to
determine the location and dimensions of the eaves of the structure
102. In some embodiments, eaves location may be determine using the
systems and methods as described in U.S. patent application Ser.
No. 12/909,692, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its
entirety. The height of the eaves of the structure 102 may then be
determined by approximating the distance from a ground level. For
example, the height of the eaves of the structure 102 may be
determined by using a single image and a ground plane as described
in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,424,133 and 8,233,666, which are hereby
incorporated by reference in their entirety. Other techniques, such
as aero triangulation using overlapping images, may also be
used.
[0110] In addition to, or in lieu of the height of the eaves, the
pitch of the roof may be included within a report. In some
embodiments, the pitch of the roof may be determined using systems
and methods as described in U.S. Ser. No. 13/424,054, which is
hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0111] In some embodiments, the system 10 may be used to generate a
chimney report. The chimney report may be similar to the foundation
estimate report 200 and the window replacement estimate report 300
described herein.
[0112] Generally, the first host system 12a and/or the second host
system 12b may determine the number and dimensions (e.g., height,
width, length, and area) of one or more chimneys of the structure
102. For example, referring to FIGS. 1 and 4, in step 108 the first
host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b may extrapolate
horizontal edges 104, vertical edges 106, and/or sloped edges 108
for each facet of a structure 102. The first host system 12a and/or
the second host system 12b may then determine pairings of vertical
edges 106 rising towards and past the peak of the structure 102
using the methods described in FIG. 4, to determine the location
and dimensions of the one or more chimneys of the structure 102.
The number and dimensions of the one or more chimneys may be
provided in a report similar to the foundation estimate report 200
and/or the window replacement report 300. For example, a report may
be provided for a customer requesting cleaning of one or more
chimneys, demolition of one or more chimneys, and/or the like.
Alternatively, a report (including any of the reports described
herein) may be provided to a property tax assessor, insurance
agency, real estate agency, and/or the like, informing of the
number and dimensions of one or more chimneys of the structure
102.
[0113] The methods as described and illustrated in FIG. 4 create,
provide and/or store an outline the structure 102 preferably
including one or more physical attributes of the structure 102
(e.g., windows, doors, chimneys, siding, eaves, and/or the like).
As such, a sketch of the structure 102 may be provided in some
embodiments. The sketch may be used as an image of the structure
102 within many industries including, but not limited to, building
contractor companies, real estate agencies, weather agencies,
community agencies, home maintenance companies (e.g., gardeners,
maid services, window washers, pool maintenance companies, and/or
the like), federal agencies, state agencies, municipal agencies,
schools, religious agencies, sport and recreation organizations,
insurance agencies, historical commissions, utility agencies (e.g.,
water, gas, electric, sewer, phone, cable, internet, and/or the
like), commercial agencies (e.g., grocery stores, big box stores,
malls, restaurants, gas/auto service stations, and/or the like),
news agencies, travel agencies, mapping agencies, and/or the
like.
[0114] In some embodiments, the sketch may include a
three-dimensional model. The three-dimensional model may be the
basis of a virtual property model containing not only information
about the exterior of the structure 102, but may also include
further information including, but not limited to, room layout,
living areas, roof layout, and/or the like. Such information may be
included in the real estate arena and/or building arena. For
example, multiple data sources may be attached to the model to
include bids for remodeling and/or the like. Some examples may be
found in European Application No. 99123877.5, which is hereby
incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0115] In some embodiments, the sketch, three-dimensional model,
and/or additional information may be used to acquire or to apply
for any building permits and/or variances (e.g., zoning variances,
fence building permits, water well digging permits, septic system
construction permits, pool construction permits, etc.), for
example. The sketch or model of the structure may be transmitted or
otherwise provided to a permit-issuing agency as a part of a permit
request (e.g., as a permit request report or request), to allow the
permit-issuing agency to process the permit request without having
personnel go out to the physical location of the structure 102, or
by allowing personnel to defer or delay a site visit, or to avoid a
phone call or substantially obviate the need for the permit
requesters to submit additional information, for example. In some
exemplary embodiments, the permit requester may annotate an image
or sketch of the structure to show requested changes or structures
to be built or removed, geo-referenced location of visible or
underground utilities, compliance with zoning codes, fire codes,
geo-referenced property boundaries, and any other relevant
annotations to enable the permit-issuing agency to evaluate the
permit request without physical visitation to the structure 102,
for example. As will be appreciated by persons of ordinary skill in
the art, an annotated permit or variance application according to
the inventive concepts disclosed herein includes substantially
precise geo-referenced locations of proposed features to be added
to or removed from the property and/or the structure 102. Such
geo-referenced location may show the actual location of the
features, thus enabling the permit board, variance board, or zoning
board members to consider and decide on the application by
virtually visiting the structure 102, and without physically
visiting the structure 102 as is the current practice of such
boards. In this example, the sketch, three-dimensional model, or
the like, can be prepared by a first user of the system and then
transmitted to a second user of the system. The first user can be
the permit requester, for example, and the second user can be a
person(s) working at the permit-issuing agency.
[0116] In some embodiments, for example within the real estate
industry, the sketch and/or three-dimensional model of the
structure 102 may be used as a virtual tour for prospective buyers.
The models may be obtained using the techniques as described
herein. Additional information and/or photographs of the interior
of the structure 102 may be used to model the interior of the
structure 102 and used to create, provide, and/or store a virtual
tour of the structure 102.
[0117] The methods, as described and illustrated in FIG. 4, may
also apply to areas about the structure 102. For example, property
about the structure 102 may be analyzed using the system 10 and
techniques described herein. Such property attributes and/or land
attributes may include, but are not limited to, size (e.g.,
acreage) of the property, dimensions of the property, easements
and/or rights of way on the property, flood zone of the property,
proximity to major roadways, proximity to railways, and/or the
like. Alternatively, property or structure 102 attributes may be
determined using a third party source and/or stored within the
first host system 12a and/or the second host system 12b. Such
property attributes may be added into information by the methods
described herein. For example, acreage of property associated with
the structure 102 may be added into one or more reports as
described herein. In another example, the sketch may include
locations of the structure 102 in relation to property attributes
(e.g., easements, rights of way, dimensions of the property, flood
zones, and/or the like).
[0118] Information regarding the structure 102 and/or the property,
as described herein, may be used to create, provide, and/or store
information and/or reports within the home maintenance arena. For
example, the methods and systems as described herein may provide
information regarding the dimensions of one or more areas of turf
on the property of the structure 102 (e.g., front yard, back yard,
side yard, mulch beds, flower beds, gardens, and the like), the
dimensions of one or more gardens, the area and/or dimensions of
one or more trees, the shade pattern of one or more trees, the
actual X, Y, Z location of where a tree trunk intersects the
ground, the height of a tree, the shade pattern of a tree (e.g.,
displayed as darkened lines and/or areas), the dimensions and area
of one or more driveways, the number and area of windows, the
dimensions of one or more gutters, the dimensions and/or depth of
one or more pools (or height of above-ground pools), the dimensions
of one or more decks (e.g., whether the decks are single-level, or
multi-level, and the height, dimensions, and area of each level,
including the height and length of deck railing), and/or the like.
Such attributes may be generated by receiving a selection of one or
more pixels in a displayed image and transforming the pixel
coordinate(s) within the image to real-world geographic
coordinates, and then further associating data such as labels or
the like to the real world coordinates. The attributes may be added
into information or virtual property reports described herein
and/or provided in a single report using the methods described
herein. For example, a report may be generated by a landscaping
agency to include an estimate for lawn or landscaping maintenance.
A first user (e.g., homeowner) may request a lawn maintenance
estimate using user devices 14, and a second user of the
landscaping agency may (1) create, (2) provide, and/or (3) store
the measurement data in a database with a geographic indicator,
such as an address, and then (4) generate a report using one of the
user devices 14 and/or the first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b as described herein. Such report may be generated
without physical visitation of personnel of the landscaping agency
to the structure 102. In addition, the measurement data may be
addressed and/or accessed by a user using a program, such as a
database program or a spreadsheet program. In addition, the
measurement data can be saved as a digital worksheet (e.g.,
Microsoft Excel) file or an XML file, for example.
[0119] Construction information regarding the structure 102 and/or
property may also be included in one or more reports, such as a
virtual property report as described herein. For example,
construction information may include, but is not limited to, size
and slope of the roof, size and slope of the driveway, bearing of
the driveway, shade patterns from adjacent structures and/or trees,
and/or the like. Such information may be obtained using the methods
as described in FIG. 4. For example, shade patterns of structures
and/or trees may include lines within an image (e.g., darkened
areas). The height of trees and the location where the tree trunk
intersects the ground may be determined by suitable computational
measurement technique, or correlating pixel coordinates to
real-world coordinates, and may be included in the report. The
footprint of the area may be determined by the darkened areas of
the image. As such, the shade pattern may be created, provided,
and/or stored using the first host system 12a and/or the second
host system 12b as described herein. Shade information, in some
embodiments, may include estimations for solar energy orientation
and/or potentials. For example, a solar energy estimation report
may be created, provided, and/or stored using the footprint of the
area of the shade pattern. The report may be similar to the
footprint estimation report 200 and/or the window replacement
estimate report 300.
[0120] In some embodiments, information obtained by using the
methods as described herein may be used by municipalities, users
within the municipality, and/or users seeking information regarding
structures 102 and/or land within the municipality. For example,
using the methods of FIG. 4, boundaries (e.g., footprints) may be
determined for counties, schools, cities, parks, churches (location
and denominations), trails, public transit lines, and/or the like.
Additionally, three dimensional models and/or sketches may be
created, provided, and/or stored for such counties, schools,
cities, parks, trails, youth sports facilities, public swimming
pools, libraries, hospitals, law enforcement, hospitals, fire
stations, and/or the like. In some embodiments, the models and/or
sketches may provide viewings of structures 102 and/or physical
attributes of land surrounding the properties. Also, distance
between structures 102 may be estimated using techniques as
described herein and may be measured along ground planes as
described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,424,133 and 8,233,666, for example.
As such, location and/or distances between municipal facilities may
be provided to a user.
[0121] In one example, school or school zone boundaries may be
determined using modeling of structures (e.g., 2-dimensional and/or
3-dimensional) within the municipality. Modeling of structures may
include an estimation of dimensions, number of structures 102,
and/or the like. This information may be used to determine
feasibility of altering school boundaries, feasibility in adding
one or more schools and/or school systems, reporting of existing
school boundaries, and/or the like.
[0122] In another example, zoning ordinances may be determined
and/or enforced using structure modeling. For example, a homeowner
may build a specific structure (e.g., pool), and report or file
with the city certain dimensions subject to the zoning ordinances
of the municipality. Using the systems and methods as described
herein, the municipality may be able to view the pool and measure
dimensions of the pool (e.g., size, orientation, or depth for
aboveground pools) for compliance without physical visitation to
the structure 102.
[0123] In some embodiments, municipal rendering may include mapping
for special districts within a municipality. For example, obtaining
footprints, models, and/or sketches of structures 102 may aid in
grouping of structures 102 for fire and public protection. Using
the methods as described herein, measurements may be included for
each structure 102 and land surrounding the structures 102 such
that distance measurements may be obtained and used to create,
provide, and/or store mapping for such special districts (e.g.,
fire, public protection, congressional districts, electoral
districts, and the like). Distance measurements may be determined
along ground planes as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,424,133 and
8,233,666, for example.
[0124] In one example, an election report may be generated using
mapping of the municipality. The election report may include
information including, but not limited to, officials within one or
more districts (e.g., local, county, state and/or federal
officials) demographics of the one or more districts, distance of a
point of interest to the one or more districts, location of
municipal facilities, polling locations, distance to polling
locations from a point of interest, images of polling locations,
and/or the like. The election report may be similar to the
foundation estimate report 200 and the window replacement report
300.
[0125] In one example, mapping structures 102 and land using the
methods described herein may be used to create and/or
electronically store in one or more databases 40 one or more models
for sewer, lighting, and/or other public works. For example,
mapping structures 102 and land may be used to create, provide,
and/or store a three-dimensional model with associated dimensions.
The three-dimensional model with associated dimensions may be used
to plan for additional sewage lines and/or replacement/removal of
sewage lines, in one example. With mapping, an estimation regarding
feasibility, building materials, and/or the like may be created,
provided, and/or stored prior to physical visitation to the area
(e.g., structure and/or land).
[0126] Information regarding utility connections and services may
also be used to create, provide, and/or store a utility report
using the systems and methods as described herein. For example,
utility connections may be a physical attribute of a structure 102
identified using methods described herein. As such, the location of
visible utility connections may be made. Additionally, the location
of hidden utility services may be identified using structures and
land analysis in conjunction within one or more databases having
hidden utility location information. In some embodiments, hidden
utility services may be determined solely using identification of
physical attributes on the land and/or structures. For example,
using the system and methods as described herein, physical
attributes including, but not limited to, water shut off valves,
sewer shut off valves, utility lines, meters, manhole covers,
drains, overhanging lines, poles, and/or the like, may be
identified and/or measured. From these physical attributes, hidden
utility lines may be identified using the image and techniques
described herein, including, but not limited to, gas, electric,
sewer, water, phone, cable, internet, and/or the like. In some
embodiment, additional information about the utility lines may be
identified and stored in the database 40 by modeling and/or use of
one or more outside databases. For example, the grade, size,
capacity, and/or consumption of utility lines may be determined by
the systems and methods as described herein, and/or included by one
or more databases 40.
[0127] Using the methods as described in FIG. 4, for example,
distance between structures 102 and/or land may be determined.
Using this information, distance between structures 102 and/or land
may be used in applications including, but not limited to, driving
and/or commute time between places of interest, distances between
and/or to retail environments (e.g., grocery stores, big box
stores, mails, restaurants, gas/auto service stations), distance to
hospitals, distance and/or time for fire and/or emergency response,
distance between schools (e.g., zoning, boundaries), distance
between churches (e.g., by denomination), and the like. Such
distances may be provided to the user using the user device 14.
[0128] In one example, an emergency service report may be created
and provided to a user. The emergency service report may include,
but is not limited to, distance from a point of interest to one or
more hospitals, distance for fire, ambulance, and/or police
response to a point of interest, the type of law enforcement within
a geographic area surrounding the point of interest, and/or the
like. The emergency service report may be incorporated into any of
the previous reports described herein or transmitted or provided as
a standalone report. For example, the emergency service report may
be similar to the foundation estimate report 200 and the window
replacement report 300.
[0129] In one example, distances between churches (e.g., by
denomination) may be measured and provided to a user. For example,
system 10 may provide a church report including, but not limited
to, locations of one or more churches, denominations of the one or
more churches, distance from a point of interest to the one or more
churches (e.g., user's residence), zonal boundaries of churches
(e.g., parish boundaries), photos of the one or more churches,
and/or the like. The church report may be similar to the foundation
estimate report 200 and the window replacement estimate report
300.
[0130] Similarly, system 10 may provide a school report similar to
the church report. The school report may include, but is not
limited to, locations of one or more schools, age range of the one
or more schools, ratings of the one or more schools, photos of the
one or more schools, zonal boundaries of the one or more schools,
and/or the like. Similar reports may be provided for parks, sports
centers, youth sports practice facilities (e.g., soccer, baseball,
football, basketball), youth sports associations and location of
facilities, swimming pools (e.g., private and/or public), and/or
the like.
[0131] In one embodiment, one or more databases may include
information regarding registry of sex offenders, including
addresses of sex offenders. This information may be used in
conjunction with the distance between structures and/or land to
provide distance measurements from a place of interest to one or
more addresses of one or more sex offenders. For example, a place
of interest may be a proposed or existing school. The distance
between the school and the one or more addresses of one or more sex
offenders may be provided to a user in a sex offender report. The
sex offender report may include, but is not limited to, one or more
pictures or one or more sex offenders within a geographic area,
addresses of the one or more sex offenders, criminal history of the
one or more sex offenders, distance between the place of interest
and the one or more sex offenders, sketches of one or more
structures inhabited by the one or more sex offenders and/or the
like. In some embodiments, information such as community crime
statistics, criminal record checks of neighbors, and/or the like,
may be included within the sex offender report, a separate report,
a report described herein, and/or any other similar reporting.
[0132] In some embodiments, using the system and methods as
described herein, traffic flow may be determined and/or improved.
In one example, a road may be mapped and/or modeled using the
system and methods described herein. Traffic count may be made
either physically on-site and/or using the system and methods as
described herein. Using the traffic count and modeling of the road,
traffic flow may be determined, altered, and/or improved. For
example, for improvement, the model may be used to further include
a base for developing additional routes (e.g., roads) in the area
to ease traffic congestion. Modeling structures and land
surrounding the road may further include additional information
regarding development of additional routes.
[0133] In some embodiments, the systems and methods as described
herein may be used for a property tax assessment. For example,
using the methods as described in FIG. 4, physical attributes of
the structure 102, and the structure 102 itself, may be determined,
including distances, areas, and dimensions. A sketch and/or model
may be determined for the structure 102 as well. The measurements
and sketch may be used in a property tax assessment report similar
to the foundation estimate report 200 and the window replacement
estimate report 300. The property tax assessment report may include
the sketch and/or model of the structure 102 and/or property,
physical attributes of the structure 102 and/or property (e.g.,
grade, condition, dimensions, and/or the like), details of the
assessed value of the structure 102 and/or property, current and/or
historic values of the property (e.g., based on taxes, market
value, and/or the like), additional imagery included by the tax
assessor, a tax map, and/or other similar features.
[0134] In some embodiments, the system and methods as described
herein may be used in formulation of an insurance report. The
insurance report may be similar to the foundation estimate report
200 and the window replacement estimate report 300. The insurance
report may include risks of weather hazards, maps of weather hazard
risks, insurance ratings of structures and/or land, prior claim
history for structures 102 and/or land, information from the
emergency service report and/or the utility report discussed above,
and/or the like. Using the methods as described in FIG. 4,
distances of hazards and/or to hazards may be determined in some
embodiments. Additionally, the square footage of the entire
structure 102 and/or portions of the structure 102 may be
determined. Based on the square footage, replacement cost estimates
may be generated for replacement by total square footage or living
area and included within the insurance report, for example.
[0135] In some embodiments, using the methods as described in FIG.
4, for example, the program logic 42 may include instructions to
determine and report the orientation of a facet of the structure
102 relative to a street, by determining which facet of the
structure 102 faces the street and/or is the front of the structure
102. For example, determining which facet faces the street may be
carried out by determining a center of the structure 102,
projecting a line connecting the center of the structure to a known
location of the street address of the structure, and designating a
facet positioned between the center and the street with which the
line intersects as the street-facing facet. As described above, the
program logic may determine the X, Y, and Z location of the corner
of the structure 102. The center of the structure 102 may be
determined by averaging the X coordinates of each corner and the Y
coordinates of each corner of the structure 102. The known location
on the street where the street address of the structure 102 is
located may be obtained from a separate database, such as the
T.I.G.E.R. (Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and
Referencing) database, for example.
[0136] In an exemplary embodiment, determining which facet of the
structure 102 faces the street may be carried out by selecting a
facet that is substantially parallel or angled at a predetermined
angle relative to the street. The predetermined angle may be
substantially perpendicular to the street, or any other desired
angle. An automated or semi-automated algorithm may be used to
determine the front of the structure, and a user or an
administrator may review the determination of the algorithm and
accept or edit the determination, or direct the algorithm to start
over, for example. Information identifying the front of the
structure 102 can be used for a variety of different transformative
or analysis applications. For example, the image of the determined
front facet of the structure 102 may be retrieved and displayed as
the initial or default view of a virtual property report according
to the inventive concepts disclosed herein, including the location
of the main or front entrance to the structure, for example.
Further, a street access to the structure 102 may be identified for
law-enforcement or emergency services accessing the database 40, to
include a main entrance for personnel, a back or side entrance, a
driveway, alleyway, or street access for vehicles, and combinations
thereof, for example. The front of the structure 102 and/or
information about vehicle or personnel access to the property
and/or structure 102 may be stored in the database 40, and may be
provided as part of a virtual property report, for example.
Similarly, the back of the structure 102 may be determined to be
the facet that is offset by about 180.degree. from the determined
front of the structure 102 as will be appreciated by persons of
ordinary skill in the art.
[0137] The determined front and back facets of the structure 102
may be included in a variety of virtual property reports according
to the inventive concepts disclosed herein, such as an emergency
response report showing the street access for vehicles to the
structure 102 and/or the property surrounding the structure (e.g.,
where the street address location of the structure 102 does not
correspond to the location of a driveway or entryway into the
structure 102), the location of a main personnel entrance to the
structure 102, the location of a secondary or back entrance to the
structure 102, the location of nearby fire hydrants, overhanging
power or utility lines, etc., to enable emergency personnel to
determine the best way to access the structure and respond to an
emergency, such as medical emergencies, police emergencies, fires,
floods, earthquakes, gas leaks, tornados, and other emergency
situations, for example.
[0138] Using the methods as described in FIG. 4, for example, the
program logic 42 may also include instructions to determine and
report changes to structures 102 and/or land. The program logic 42
may include instructions, that when executed by the first and/or
second host systems 12a and 12b cause the first and/or second host
systems 12a and 12b to store the following information in the
database(s) 40: the location of one or more structures 102 (such as
by address, or latitude and longitude, for example) measurements of
the structures 102 and/or the land, identities of the measurements
(such as height to eave, area of roof, length, width, or area of
front flower bed, etc.) as well as the date in which the
measurement(s) are taken. This can be accomplished by the database
40 having one or more tables with predetermined fields (e.g., area
of roof field, height to eave field, length of front flower bed
field, length of rear flower bed field, number of windows field,
etc.) to store the measurements. For example, the structure 102 can
be detected and/or measured on a first date, e.g., Jan. 1, 2011,
and data indicative of the measurement type and date stored in the
database 40. The same structure 102 can be detected and/or measured
on a second date, e.g., Jan. 1, 2012, and the measurements,
measurement type, and date stored. The system may detect
differences in the size, location, dimensions, or appearance of any
objects or structures between the two times, and combinations
thereof, for example. The first and/or the second host systems 12a
and 12b can be programmed to periodically, randomly, and/or with
user activation, check for any differences in the measurements of
the structure 102. If differences in measurements above a
predefined amount (e.g., 0%, 5% or the like) are determined, a
change report identifying the structure(s) 102 and the changes can
be prepared and output by the first and/or second host systems 12a
and 12b to one or more of the user devices 14 as a web page, form
and/or a computer file.
[0139] The system 10 may be used by humans operating the user
devices 14 to view and measure an object, such as the structure 102
and/or the land, in an oblique and/or ortho-image using image
display and analysis software, as described for example in U.S.
Pat. No. 7,424,133; and U.S. Patent Application No. 2012-0101783.
The program logic 42 can include instructions for storing the
structure measurement information into the database(s) 40 with or
without the users knowing that the measurements are being stored.
The structure measurement information may include the following:
the location of one or more structures 102 (such as by address, or
latitude and longitude, for example) measurements of the structures
102 and/or the land, measurement type (such as height to eave, area
of roof, length of front flower bed, etc.) as well as the date in
which the measurement(s) are taken. This can be accomplished by
providing a web page to the user's user device 14 requesting the
user to assign a measurement type to the measurement. For example,
a field on a web page or form can be provided with a predetermined
list of measurement types such as area of roof, height to eave,
length of lot, or the like and a button on the web page or form can
be used by the user to indicate that a measurement type has been
selected. Alternatively, the image and the measurement can be
automatically provided by the first and/or the second host systems
12a and 12b to another user device 14 to be viewed by another user,
who assigns and stores a measurement type to the measurement using
the user device 14. The first and/or the second host systems 12a
and 12b receive and store the measurement and measurement type in
the database(s) 40. Automated or semi-automated algorithms may be
used to make any of the determinations and/or measurements
described herein, and a user or an administrator may review the
determinations and/or measurements of the algorithms and accept or
edit the measurement or determination, or direct the algorithm to
start over, for example.
[0140] It should be noted that the inventive concepts disclosed
herein are capable of other embodiments or of being practiced or
carried out in various ways. For example, several embodiments
include one or more data sets. Each data set may be included solely
in that report, or be included in one more other reports as
described herein. For example, the change report can be combined
with the roof report, or the assessment report to provide the user
with information regarding the current and historical measurements
of the structure 102. Additionally, data sets within each report
may stand-alone. For example, the real estate data set may be a
stand-alone report not associated with other reports as described
herein. It should also be noted that although "reports" are
generated herein, such information need not be distributed in the
form of a report. For example, the system 10 may determine there
are 3 chimneys and distribute this information solely without
inclusion within a "report."
[0141] From the above description, it is clear that the inventive
concepts disclosed and claimed herein are well adapted to carry out
the objects and to attain the advantages mentioned herein, as well
as those inherent therein. While exemplary embodiments of the
inventive concepts have been described for purposes of this
disclosure, it will be understood that numerous changes may be made
which will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art
and which are accomplished within the broad scope and spirit of the
inventive concepts disclosed herein and/or as defined in the
appended claims.
* * * * *