U.S. patent application number 14/187458 was filed with the patent office on 2014-08-28 for pellet burning fire pit.
The applicant listed for this patent is Monty Scott. Invention is credited to Monty Scott.
Application Number | 20140238378 14/187458 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 51386847 |
Filed Date | 2014-08-28 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140238378 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Scott; Monty |
August 28, 2014 |
PELLET BURNING FIRE PIT
Abstract
Provided is an apparatus for burning biomass fuel sources, such
as a fire pit for burning wood pellets. A fire pit of the present
invention may include a burning chamber having a floor and an
opening at the top, and a secondary chamber having a bottom, at
least one air intake, and at least one air escape. The secondary
chamber may be heated by the burning chamber. The at least one air
intake may be located near the bottom of the secondary chamber,
while the at least one air escape may be located near the top of
the burning chamber. In addition, the primary chamber opening may
guide flames out of the burning chamber. The secondary chamber may
also include a roof, which may overhang said burning chamber.
Inventors: |
Scott; Monty; (Webster City,
IA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Scott; Monty |
Webster City |
IA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
51386847 |
Appl. No.: |
14/187458 |
Filed: |
February 24, 2014 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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61769376 |
Feb 26, 2013 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
126/55 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F24B 1/19 20130101; F24B
1/181 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
126/55 |
International
Class: |
F24B 1/181 20060101
F24B001/181; F24B 1/19 20060101 F24B001/19 |
Claims
1. A fire pit comprising: a burning chamber, said burning chamber
having a floor and an opening at the top; a secondary chamber
having a bottom, at least one air intake, and at least, one air
escape, said at least one air escape venting air from said
secondary chamber to said burning chamber; said secondary chamber
heated by said burning chamber; said at least one air intake
located near said bottom of said secondary chamber; said at least
one air escape located near fire top of said burning chamber; and
said opening guiding flames out of said burning chamber.
2. The fire pit of claim 1, wherein said floor comprises a
grate.
3. The fire pit of claim 2, wherein said grate is about 53% open to
the air below said burning chamber.
4. The fire pit of claim 1 wherein said burning chamber and said
secondary chamber further comprise a common wall.
5. The fire pit of claim 4 wherein said common wall, includes an
upper half and a lower half and said at least one air escape outlet
is located in said upper half.
6. The fire pit of claim 1 wherein said secondary chamber further
comprises a roof.
7. The fire pit of claim 6 wherein said roof overhangs at least a
portion of said primary chamber.
8. The fire pit of claim 1 wherein the shape of said fire pit is
selected from the group consisting of cylindrical, oval, square, or
star.
9. The fire pit of claim 1 wherein: said floor allows primary air
to enter said burning chamber; said at least one air escape allows
secondary air to enter said burning chamber; and the ratio of air
intake area to air escape area is about 18-41%.
10. The fire pit of claim 1 wherein said fire pit produces said
flames using natural airflow only.
11. A fire pit comprising: a burning chamber, said burning chamber
having a floor at least partially open to the air below said
burning chamber, a top at least partially open to the air above
said burning chamber, and at least one wall common to a secondary
chamber; said secondary chamber surrounding said burning chamber,
said secondary chamber comprising at least one outer wall, a
bottom, and a roof; said at least one wall common to said burning
and secondary chambers comprising a lower half, an upper half, and
at least one secondary air escape; said lower half of said common
wall is solid; said at least one outer wall comprising a lower
half, an upper half, and at least one secondary air intake; said
upper half of said outer wall is solid.
12. The fire pit of claim 11 wherein said fire pit is
cylindrical.
13. The fire pit of claim 11 wherein said floor is about 53% open
to air below said burning chamber.
14. The fire pit of claim 11 wherein said roof covers at least a
portion of said burning chamber.
15. The fire pit of claim 11 wherein: said floor allows primary air
to enter said burning chamber; and said at least one secondary air
escape allows secondary air to enter said burning chamber.
16. The fire pit of claim 15 wherein the ratio of secondary air
intake area to secondary air escape area is 18-41%.
17. An apparatus comprising: a burning chamber, said burning
chamber having a floor comprising a grate and at least one inner
wall; a secondary chamber surrounding said burning chamber, said
secondary chamber comprising said at least one inner wall, at least
one outer wall, a floor, and a roof; said at least one inner wall
comprising a plurality of secondary air escape outlets located in
an upper half of said inner wall; said, at least one inner wall
further comprising a lower half, said lower half of said inner wall
is solid; said, at least one outer wall comprising a plurality of
secondary air intake inlets, said secondary air intake inlets
located in a lower half of said outer wall; said outer wall further
comprising an upper half, said upper half of said outer wall is
solid; said grate allowing primary air to enter said burning
chamber; said air intake inlets configured to allow secondary air
to enter said secondary chamber; and said air escape outlets
configured to allow said secondary air to move from said secondary
chamber to said burning chamber.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention generally relates to devices for
burning fuel. More specifically, the present invention relates to
an apparatus for burning biomass fuel sources, such as wood
pellets, and/or granules of solid biomass.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Wood and other forms of biomass have been used as a heat
source, such as for cooking, since virtually the beginning of
civilization. However, past systems and devices, such as those
employing wood logs and sticks for fuel have had low efficiency and
poor heat transfer. When gas became available in the early 1800s,
one of the first uses of gas was cooking, as a gas flame is clean
and intense, and the cooking level may be easily controlled.
However, gas and electric cooking require a sophisticated
infrastructure for gas or power delivery, which, is not practical
in all locations. For example, half of the world's population is
still cooking with biomass fires that are slow and inefficient, and
which give off hazardous emissions. Wood and coal fire emissions
are the cause of millions of premature deaths each year in
developing countries.
[0003] Pellet burners are advantageous as compared to conventional
stick wood burning devices. Such burners typically use a biomass
fuel in the form of small pellets which are made from waste from
wood processing industries. Wood pellets typically have a heat
value of approximately 8300 BTU's per pound. Moreover, wood pellets
give off substantially fewer emissions than traditional wood
burners while achieving a higher efficiency. Therefore, most pellet
burning stoves meet environmental emission standards. Wood pellets
are easier to use than traditional sticks and logs, as they are
purchased in pellet form and do not require chopping, splitting, or
transporting logs. Moreover, because the wood pellets are processed
prior to purchase and contain very little moisture, transporting
wood pellets does not include the transport of bugs or pathogens
associated with logs. Accordingly, home and industrial pellet
burners are in wide use. On the other hand, recreational fires,
camping fires, and backyard fires using stick wood are inefficient
and produce harmful emissions. Replacing these types of wood stick
fires with pellet fires would be more efficient as well as reduce
emissions and harmful health effects. However, most pellet burning
devices require the aid of a fan or blower to accomplish burning,
making it difficult to use same without a power source and/or
reducing the portability of the devices.
[0004] Pellet burners of the prior art include other disadvantages.
For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,471,751 to Hottenroth discloses a
stove. The stove includes a primary air chamber and a secondary air
chamber in addition to a combustion chamber. Air from the secondary
chamber is directed into the combustion chamber via a plurality of
air passageways that are located along the height of the combustion
chamber. This configuration is inefficient, as secondary air
reaching the combustion chamber does not include optimum burning
properties. For example, secondary air of varying temperatures
enters the combustion chamber. Moreover, the ratio of primary to
secondary air is not as efficient as possible.
[0005] In other examples, United States Patent Application
Publication No. 2007/0137634 to Traeger et al. discloses a
pellet-fired cooking apparatus. United States Patent Application
Publication No. 2012/0145139 to Deeds discloses a fire pit/barbeque
adapted to transition between and enclosed fire pit configuration
and an open configuration which serves as a portable barbecue. In
addition, United States Patent Application Publication No.
2012/0196232 to Miller discloses a portable fire pit wherein
particularly-sized fuel blocks are manually positioned in a
square-shaped configuration around ventilation holds provided
through the base of the barbecue pit. None of these devices are as
efficient as possible as they do not include the introduction of
secondary air into a combustion chamber. Therefore, the fuel and
flammable gases obtained from the fuel are not allowed to burn to
the fullest extent possible.
[0006] Accordingly, there exists a need in the art for a pellet
burning device that may be used outdoors, such as for recreational,
camping, and backyard fires that is as efficient as possible
without the aid of a fan or blower. Moreover, the there exists a
need for a device which burns as much of the fuel and gases
therefrom as possible.
SUMMARY
[0007] Provided is a fire pit comprising a burning chamber having a
floor and an opening at the top. Also included is a secondary
chamber having a bottom, at least one air intake, and at least one
air escape. The air escape vents air from the secondary chamber to
the burning chamber. The secondary chamber and the burning chamber
may share a common wall. Furthermore, the at least one air intake
is located in or near the bottom of the secondary chamber. The
common wall includes a lower half and an upper half, and the air
escape is located in the upper half of the common wall. The primary
chamber top opening guides flames out of the burning chamber. In
some embodiments of the present invention, the floor may be a
grate. The grate may be 53% open to the air beneath the burning
chamber. Moreover, in some embodiments of the present invention,
the secondary chamber may include a roof, which may overhang a
least a portion of the burning chamber, also. The secondary chamber
may be located in the burning chamber. In some embodiments, an
apparatus of the present invention may be round or cylindrical.
Moreover, primary air may enter the burning chamber through the
floor, and secondary air may enter the burning chamber though the
at least one air escape. In some embodiments the ratio of secondary
air intake area to secondary air escape outlet area is 18-41%.
[0008] Another embodiment of a fire pit of the present invention
includes a burning chamber, the burning chamber having a floor at
least partially open to the air below the burning chamber, a top at
least partially open to the air above the burning chamber, and at
least one wall common to a secondary chamber. The secondary chamber
may surround the burning chamber, the secondary chamber including
at least one outer wall, a bottom, and a roof. The common wall
comprises a lower half, an upper half, and at least one secondary
air escape. The lower half of the common wall is solid. Further,
the secondary chamber outer wall includes at least one air intake
inlet, which is located near the bottom of the secondary chamber,
while the upper half of the outer wall is solid. In some
embodiments, the fire pit may be cylindrical. In addition, the roof
may cover at least a portion of the top of the burning chamber.
Moreover, the floor may be 53% open to the bottom of the burning
chamber. In many embodiments, the floor of the burning chamber
allows primary air into the burning chamber, while the at least one
air escape allows secondary air into the burning chamber. In some
embodiments, the ratio of secondary air intake area to secondary
air escape outlet area is 18-41%.
[0009] Yet another embodiment of the present invention includes a
burning chamber having a floor which is a grate and a cylindrical
inner wall and a secondary chamber that surrounds the burning
chamber. The secondary chamber includes the cylindrical inner wall,
a cylindrical outer wall, a secondary floor, and a roof. The
cylindrical inner wall includes a plurality secondary air escape
outlets, which are located near the roof of the secondary chamber.
Moreover, the cylindrical outer wall includes a plurality of
secondary air intake inlets, which, are located near the secondary
floor. The grate allows primary air to enter the burning chamber,
while the at least one air escape allows secondary air to enter the
burning chamber. The ratio of secondary air intake area to
secondary air escape outlet area is 18-41%. Moreover, the secondary
chamber roof may cover at least a portion of the burning
chamber.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] FIG. 1 is a perspective view according to one embodiment of
a fire pit of the present invention.
[0011] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the bottom, of the fire pit
of FIG. 1.
[0012] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the fire pit of FIG. 1
having a front portion of the fire pit removed so as to show air
flow and a fire burning in the fire pit.
[0013] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of an
apparatus according to one or more examples of embodiments of the
present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The following is a detailed description of an apparatus 100
for burning biomass fuels (sometimes "apparatus"). One particular
use of such an apparatus 100 is as a pellet burning fire pit. For
ease of discussion and understanding, the following detailed
description may refer to the apparatus as a pellet burning fire
pit, or simply a fire pit, and particularly a pellet burning fire
pit designed to burn wood pellets. However, it will be appreciated
by one skilled in the art that an apparatus 100 of the present
invention may be used in any circumstance where a fire is to be
made, including, but not limited to, for cooking, recreational
fires, camping fires, and backyard fires. Moreover, an apparatus
100 of the present invention may be configured to employ any
biomass fuel including but not limited to wood pellets and corn
fuels.
[0015] Referring to FIG. 1, an apparatus 100 of the present
invention is shown. The apparatus 100 includes a burning chamber
102. The burning chamber 102 is at least partially open at its top
104. Accordingly, the burning chamber 102 includes an opening 128
at the top 104. The opening may guide flames out of the burning
chamber 102. Moreover, the burning chamber 104 includes a floor 106
at its bottom. As shown in FIG. 1, the floor 106 may be at least
partially open to the air below the burning chamber 102. In the
preferred embodiment, the floor 106 may be about 53% open to the
air below the burning chamber 102, however any configuration may be
used without departing from the scope of the invention. Moreover,
in the preferred embodiment, the floor 106 may be a grate, as shown
in detail in FIG. 2. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, the
floor 106 should be configured to prevent fuel, such as wood
pellets, from dropping through the floor 106 of the burning chamber
102. However, the floor 106 need not be open to the air below the
burning chamber 102. In such an embodiment, the burning chamber
would receive primary air from the opening 128, which will be
described in further detail below. Referring again to FIG. 1, the
illustrated burning chamber 102 includes at least one common wall
108. The common wall 108 provides a boundary to the burning chamber
102, which in this case is the burning chamber's 102 outer
wall.
[0016] The common wall 108 also provides a wall or boundary to a
secondary chamber 110 or manifold. In the illustrated embodiment,
the secondary chamber 110 surrounds the burning chamber 102.
However, it will be appreciated that the secondary chamber 110 may
be located in any position. For example the secondary chamber 100
may be located inside the burning chamber 102 or beside the burning
chamber 102. The secondary chamber 110 may include a roof 120, a
bottom 130, and an outer wall 118. It will be understood that in
some embodiments, the secondary chamber 100 may not include an
outer wall 118 or a roof 120, such as embodiments wherein the
secondary chamber 110 is located inside the burning chamber 102.
The secondary chamber 110 includes at least one air intake and at
least one air escape. The at least one air intake 112 may be
located in the bottom 130 of the secondary chamber 110 and/or near
the bottom 130 of the secondary chamber 110. In the illustrated
embodiment, the secondary chamber 110 bottom 130 is at least
partially open to the air below the apparatus 100. Specifically,
the floor of the burning chamber 102 may be a grate which is also
the bottom 130 of the secondary chamber. Furthermore, in the
illustrated embodiment, the secondary chamber 110 includes a
plurality of air intake inlets 112 located around the lower
perimeter 116 or bottom of the secondary chamber 110 outer wall
118.
[0017] Furthermore, the secondary chamber 110 may include at least
one air escape. The air escape may be located at the top of said
secondary chamber 110 or near the top of said secondary chamber
110. For example, the common wall 108 may include an upper half 132
and a lower half 134 with the air escape located in the upper half.
In the illustrated embodiment, the secondary chamber 110 includes a
plurality of air escape outlets 114 located around the upper
perimeter 117 or top of the common wall 108. However, as one of
skill in the art will appreciate, the air escape need not be
outlets 114. For example, the secondary chamber 110 may be open at
the top, allowing air to escape. In addition, other configurations
may be advantageous in embodiments wherein the secondary chamber
110 does not surround the burning chamber 102.
[0018] As discussed above, the secondary chamber 110 need not
surround the burning chamber 102. For example, the secondary
chamber 110 could be located inside the burning chamber 102 or at
other locations. However, the secondary chamber 110 should be
configured with the burning chamber 102 such that the burning
chamber 102 heats the air inside the secondary chamber 110 and such
that the air escape allows air from the secondary chamber 110 to
contact the air from the burning chamber 102. As mentioned above,
in some embodiments, the secondary chamber 110 may include a roof
120. Furthermore, the roof 120 may cover at least a portion of said
burning chamber 102, as shown in FIG. 4. As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the
preferred embodiment of the apparatus 100 is round or cylindrical.
However, as one of skill in the art will appreciate, it is
anticipated that many shapes may be used without departing from the
scope of the invention, including, but not limited to, an oval,
square, or star. In one embodiment, as provided below in Table 1,
the apparatus 100 may include a square, outer secondary chamber 110
which surrounds a round, inner burning chamber 102.
[0019] Turning to FIG. 2, a view of the apparatus 100 is shown from
the bottom. Shown is the secondary chamber 110, including the outer
wall 118 having a plurality of air intake inlets 112. Also shown
are the burning chamber floor 106 and the secondary chamber 110
bottom 130. In the illustrated embodiment, the burning chamber
floor 106 may be at least partially open to the air below the
burning chamber 102. Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment the
secondary chamber 110 bottom 130 may be at least partially open to
the air below the secondary chamber 110. For example, the floor 106
and/or bottom 130 may be a grate. In addition, the common wall 108
and plurality of air escape outlets 114 may be seen through the
floor 106 of the burning chamber. Also shown in FIG. 3 are the legs
103 of the apparatus. The legs 103 may be included to lift the
burning chamber 102 floor 106 and secondary chamber 110 bottom 130
such that, air beneath the apparatus 100 may Slow into one or both
chambers 102, 110.
[0020] Referring to FIG. 3, the illustrated configuration allows
primary air 122 to enter the burning chamber 102 through the
openings in the floor 106. However, it is anticipated that primary
air 122 may also be introduced to the burning chamber 102 through
the opening 128 at the top 104 of the burning chamber 102. This may
be the case in embodiments wherein the burning chamber 102 floor
106 is not at least partially open to the air below the apparatus
and in embodiments having a floor 106 including at least one
opening. As discussed above, the apparatus 100 may include legs 103
to elevate the burning chamber 102 and floor 106. Moreover, the at
least one air escape, which may be one or more air escape outlets
114, allows secondary air 124 to enter the burning chamber 102. As
will be discussed in further detail below, the secondary air 124
may enter the secondary chamber 110 through the at least one air
intake 112, the secondary chamber 110 bottom 130, or both, in
preferred embodiments, discussed in further detail below, the ratio
of secondary air intake area, including the area of air intake
inlets 112 and the open bottom 106 beneath the secondary chamber
110, to secondary air escape outlet area is 18-41%, although any
ratio may be employed. Moreover, the ratio may vary depending on
the amount of fuel 135 in the burning chamber 102.
[0021] Referring again to FIG. 3, primary air 122 enters the
burning chamber 102, such as through the floor 106 and/or opening
128. In certain embodiments of the apparatus 100, an initial fire
will be started with starter fluid, waxy wood fire starters, or
similar methods. In the preferred embodiment, primary air 122 for
the fire then enters the burning chamber 102 through the openings
in the floor 106, which as discussed above may be a grate.
Together, the primary air 122 and fuel 135 cause primary
combustion. In addition, secondary air 124 may enter the secondary
chamber 110, such as through the one or more air intake inlets 112
or through other means, including but not limited to, an open top.
As the secondary air 124 is in the secondary chamber 110, it is
heated from the combustion taking place in the burning chamber 102.
As the secondary air 124 is heated, it rises upward in the
secondary chamber 110. The secondary air 124 is then released into
the bunting chamber 102, such as through the air escape outlets 114
located near the top perimeter 117 of the inner wall 108.
[0022] When the secondary air 124 enters the burning chamber 102,
it meets the fuel gases, such as pyrolyzed gases, that were not
burned during the primary combustion with the primary air 122. The
secondary air 124 is fresh air which is full of oxygen and has been
heated to a high temperature. Accordingly, when the secondary air
124 meets the fuel gases, the secondary air 124 ignites the fuel
gases. In this way, a very efficient burning of the fuel source
takes place, as fuel gases which may undergo combustion are not
wasted. Moreover, as the air escape outlets 114 are located near
the top of the inner wall 108, the flame caused by the secondary
air 124 is at the top of the burning chamber 102. Furthermore, the
opening 128 at the top of the burning chamber 102 may direct the
flame out of the burning chamber 102. Therefore, the flames can be
both felt and seen by a user. In addition, the apparatus 100 may
operate employing natural airflow only. As one of skill in the art
will appreciate, as the burning chamber 102 heats, the amount of
secondary air 124 flowing through the secondary chamber 110 will
increase. Therefore, heat output is increased. Moreover, the
above-described configuration provides for air flow and flames 126
that primarily move upward, as shown in FIG. 3. As discussed above,
in addition to the secondary air 124 provided from the secondary
chamber 110 and air escape outlets 114, a portion of the secondary
air 124 may also be provided in the same way as the primary air
122, flowing through the floor 106 of the burning chamber 102.
[0023] The user may regulate the amount of heat by adjusting the
amount of fuel in the apparatus 100, such as by adding wood pellets
at the top of the burning chamber 102. Moreover, the amount of heat
may be controlled by the quantity and size of air intake inlets 112
and air escape outlets 114, thereby regulating the flow of
secondary air 124. As provided above, in a preferred embodiment,
the inlets 112 and outlets 114, as well as the grated floor beneath
the entire apparatus 100, are configured such that the ratio of
secondary air intake area to secondary air escape outlet area is
18-41%. Moreover, in some embodiments, the roof 120 of the
secondary chamber 110 may have a slight overhang 136 so as to cover
a portion of the burning chamber 102, as shown in FIG. 3. This
configuration prevents the secondary air 124 from rising upward out
of the burning chamber 162 too quickly and also provides a down
flow of air from wind. Accordingly, the flames may be further
directed upward from the apparatus 100, to produce an even more
aesthetically pleasing fire and flames. In one embodiment of the
present invention 100,000 BTUs of energy are released in an hour
with about thirteen pounds of wood pellets burned. Unspent fuel, or
ash, falls through the openings In the floor 106 to surface below
when an embodiment having an open floor is employed.
[0024] Turning to FIG. 4, a second embodiment of an apparatus 100
of the present invention is shown. The apparatus 100 includes a
cover or cone 138. Although the cone 138 is not necessary for
operation of the apparatus 100, it further directs flames 126
upward and out of the apparatus 100. Such a cone 138 may be
particularly advantageous in windy conditions, it is anticipated
that the cone 138, if used, may be an add-on or attachment to the
apparatus 100, which may be used and removed as desired by the
user. Of course, one of skill in the art will appreciate that the
cone 138 may also be a permanent feature of the apparatus 100. In
addition, the apparatus 100 need not include a cone 138 to create
flames 126.
[0025] An apparatus 100 of the present invention provides a number
of benefits, including, but not limited to, letting off very little
smoke, being portable, requiring no power, burning wood pellets
with low ash content after burning, and producing an aesthetically
pleasing flame. Moreover, the configuration of the apparatus 100
provides for efficient burning of wood pellets in the burning
chamber 102. Moreover, an apparatus 100 of the present invention
may operate on natural air flow only. Accordingly, it is not
necessary to utilize a fan or a blower, which provides for
portability and eliminates the need for a power source. An
apparatus 100 of the present invention also produces very low
particulate emission levels and little airborne fly ash. The
combustion air flow is naturally varied according to heat
output.
[0026] Table 1 below provides dimensions for a number of exemplary
preferred embodiments of an apparatus 100 of the present invention
of various sizes, with the medium embodiment being most preferred.
It should be understood that the embodiments below are provided for
purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.
It is anticipated that one skilled in the art could vary any of the
dimensions without departing from the scope of the invention.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 (all dimensions in inches, square inches, or
cubic inches as appropriate): Square Outer Large Medium Square
Round Round Round Outer Inner Large with Medium with Round with
Round Cone Round Cone Small Small Inner Cone Outside 19.00 19.00
13.50 13.50 6.00 6.00 9.00 9.00 Diameter Out Radius 9.50 9.50 6.75
6.75 3.00 3.00 4.50 4.50 Inside 17.00 17.00 12.00 12.00 5.00 5.00
7.75 7.75 Diameter without Lip Inside Radius 8.50 8.50 6.00 6.00
2.50 2.50 3.88 3.88 without Lip Inside Radius 16.50 13.25 11.13
8.13 5.38 5.38 7.75 5.13 Inside 8.25 6.63 5.56 4.06 2.69 2.69 3.88
2.56 Diameter with Lip Bottom Grate 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53
0.53 0.53 Open to the Air Below Air Escape 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.38
0.38 0.44 0.44 Size Air Intake 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.19 0.19 0.22
0.22 Size Number of 80.00 80.00 55.00 55.00 30.00 30.00 38.00 38.00
Secondary Air Intakes Number of 71.00 71.00 50.00 50.00 25.00 25.00
32.00 32.00 Secondary Air Outlets Height of 8.00 8.00 7.00 7.00
3.50 3.50 6.00 6.00 Apparatus Sides Height of 8.00 8.00 7.00 7.00
2.50 2.50 6.00 6.00 Apparatus from Ground Burn Rate in 26.00 26.00
13.00 12.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 5.00 Pounds per Hour Volume 9068.32
9068.32 4005.86 4005.86 282.60 282.60 1526.04 1526.04 Under the
Apparatus to the Ground Whole 566.77 566.77 286.13 286.13 56.52
56.52 127.17 127.17 Bottom Area (Both chambers) Whole 300.39 300.39
151.65 151.65 29.96 29.96 67.40 67.40 Bottom Area .times. 0.53
Whole Area 453.73 453.73 226.08 226.08 39.25 39.25 94.30 94.30 of
Bottom of Primary Chamber Whole Area 240.48 240.48 119.82 119.82
20.80 20.80 49.98 49.98 of Bottom of Primary Chamber .times. 53%
Whole Area 113.04 113.04 60.05 60.05 17.27 17.27 32.87 32.87 of
Bottom of Secondary Chamber Whole Area 59.91 59.91 31.83 31.83 9.15
9.15 17.42 17.42 of Bottom of Secondary Chamber .times. 53% Area of
12.02 12.02 8.26 8.26 3.31 3.31 5.71 5.71 Secondary Air Intakes
Area of 10.67 10.67 7.51 7.51 2.76 2.76 4.81 4.81 Secondary Air
Escapes Total 70.58 70.58 39.34 39.34 11.91 11.91 22.23 22.23
Secondary Combustion Total Air 213.72 137.82 97.16 51.82 22.68
22.68 47.15 20.62 Output Total Air 311.06 311.06 159.16 159.16
32.72 32.72 72.21 72.21 Input Total Sec 71.93 71.93 40.09 40.09
12.46 12.46 23.13 23.13 Comb Input Area Secondary 15.85 15.85 17.73
17.73 31.76 31.76 24.53 24.53 Chamber Air Input Comb to Burning
Chamber Input (%) Secondary 15.11 15.11 19.10 19.10 23.17 23.17
21.63 21.63 Chamber Output to Secondary Chamber Input % Secondary
33.66 52.19 41.27 77.36 54.96 54.96 49.06 112.19 Combustion to
Percentage of Output Whole Floor 96.57 96.57 95.28 95.28 91.56
91.56 93.34 93.34 and Bottom Percentage of Total Input Secondary
3.86 3.86 5.19 5.19 10.12 10.12 7.91 7.91 Air Intake Percentage of
Total Input Secondary 33.66 52.19 41.27 77.36 54.96 54.96 49.06
112.19 Chamber % of Output Total Input to 1.46 2.26 1.64 3.07 1.44
1.44 1.53 3.50 Output Whole Area 3.31 3.31 3.79 3.79 10.60 10.60
0.04 0.04 Under Bottom of the Apparatus. Height from Ground Height
of 42.11 42.11 51.85 51.85 58.33 58.33 0.67 0.67 Side to Diameter
Total 2267.08 2267.08 1001.46 1001.46 98.91 98.91 381.51 381.51
Volume of Apparatus Volume of 1814.92 1814.92 791.28 791.28 68.69
68.69 282.89 282.89 Burning Chamber Volume of 452.16 452.16 210.18
210.18 30.22 30.22 98.62 98.62 Secondary Chamber Secondary 24.91
24.91 26.56 26.56 44.00 44.00 34.86 34.86 Chamber to Burning
Chamber (%) Wall 1.00 1.00 0.75 0.75 0.50 0.50 0.63 0.63 thickness
Volume of 19.94 19.94 20.99 20.99 30.56 30.56 25.85 25.85 Secondary
Chamber/ Total Volume Volume of 80.06 80.06 79.01 79.01 69.44 69.44
74.15 74.15 Burning Chamber/ Total Volume Pounds of air 10.00 10.00
10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 for best combustion Pounds of
26.00 26.00 13.00 11.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 5.00 wood pellets per hour
Pounds/Hour 260.00 260.00 130.00 110.00 40.00 40.00 60.00 50.00 of
air 70 degrees 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 Fahrenheit
cu/ft/hr 3470.37 3470.37 1735.18 1468.23 533.90 533.90 800.85
667.38 cu/ft/min 57.84 57.84 28.92 24.47 8.90 8.90 13.35 11.12
cu/ft/sec 0.96 0.96 0.48 0.41 0.15 0.15 0.22 0.19 cu/in/sec 1665.78
1665.78 832.89 704.75 256.27 256.27 384.41 320.34 Pri comb in/ 6.93
6.93 6.95 5.88 12.32 12.32 7.69 6.41 Secondary 23.60 23.60 21.17
17.91 21.51 21.51 17.29 14.41 Combustion Pounds of air 10.00 10.00
10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 for best combustion Pounds of
26.00 26.00 13.00 11.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 5.00 wood pellets per hour
Pounds/Hour 260.00 260.00 130.00 110.00 40.00 40.00 60.00 50.00 of
air 300 degrees 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Fahrenheit
cu/ft/hr 4977.03 4977.03 2488.51 2105.67 765.70 765.70 1148.55
957.12 cu/ft/min 82.95 82.95 41.48 35.09 12.76 12.76 19.14 15.95
cu/ft/sec 1.38 1.38 0.69 0.58 0.21 0.21 0.32 0.27 cu/in/sec 2388.97
2388.97 1194.49 1010.72 367.53 367.53 551.30 459.42 Pri comb 9.93
9.93 9.97 8.44 17.67 17.67 11.03 9.19 Secondary 33.85 33.85 30.36
25.69 30.85 30.85 24.80 20.67 Combustion Pounds of air 10.00 10.00
10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 for best combustion Pounds of
26.00 26.00 13.00 11.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 5.00 wood pellets per hour
Pounds/Hour 260.00 260.00 130.00 110.00 40.00 40.00 60.00 50.00 of
air 600 degrees 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 Fahrenheit
cu/ft/hr 7115.49 7115.49 3557.74 3010.40 1094.69 1094.69 1642.04
1368.36 cu/ft/min 118.59 118.59 59.30 50.17 18.24 18.24 27.37 22.81
cu/ft/sec 1.98 1.98 0.99 0.84 0.30 0.30 0.46 0.38 cu/in/sec 3415.44
3415.44 1707.72 1444.99 525.45 525.45 788.18 656.81 Pri comb 14.20
14.20 14.25 12.06 25.26 25.26 15.77 13.14 Secondary 48.39 48.39
43.41 36.73 44.11 44.11 35.46 29.55 Combustion Pounds of air 10.00
10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 for best combustion
Pounds of 26.00 26.00 13.00 11.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 5.00 wood pellets
per hour Pounds/Hour 260.00 260.00 130.00 110.00 40.00 40.00 60.00
50.00 of air 1000 degrees 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
Fahrenheit cu/ft/hr 9569.38 9569.38 4784.69 4048.58 1472.21 1472.21
2208.32 1840.26 cu/ft/min 159.49 159.49 79.74 67.48 24.54 24.54
36.81 30.67 cu/ft/sec 2.66 2.66 1.33 1.12 0.41 0.41 0.61 0.51
cu/in/sec 4593.30 4593.30 2296.65 1943.32 706.66 706.66 1059.99
883.33 Pri comb 19.10 19.10 19.17 16.22 33.97 33.97 21.21 17.67
Secondary 21.49 33.33 23.64 37.50 31.16 31.16 22.48 42.84
Combustion Total Air In 35.70 47.53 37.89 49.56 56.42 56.42 38.25
55.98 Per Second at Burning Temperature Sec percent 60.21 70.12
62.39 75.67 55.23 55.23 58.77 76.53 @1000 Primary 39.79 29.88 37.61
24.33 44.77 44.77 41.23 23.47 Combustion at 600 Degrees Total
Output 213.72 137.82 97.16 51.82 22.68 22.68 47.15 20.62 Area Air
In Per 21.49 33.33 23.64 37.50 31.16 31.16 22.48 42.84 Second
Flowing through Air Escapes Secondary 12.94 23.37 14.75 28.37 17.21
17.21 13.21 32.78 Chamber Air In Per Second at Burning Temperature
Primary 8.55 9.96 8.89 9.12 13.95 13.95 9.27 10.06 Chamber Air In
Per Second at Burning Temperature
[0027] Although various representative embodiments of this
invention have been described above with a certain degree of
particularity, those skilled in the art could make numerous
alterations to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the
spirit or scope of the inventive subject matter set forth in the
specification and claims. Joinder references (e.g. attached,
adhered, joined) are to be construed broadly and may include
intermediate members between a connection of elements and relative
movement between elements. As such, joinder references do not
necessarily infer that two elements are directly connected and in
fixed relation to each other. Moreover, network connection
references are to be construed broadly and may include intermediate
members or devices between a network connection of elements. As
such, network connection references do not necessarily infer that
two elements are in direct communication with each other. In some
instances, in methodologies directly or indirectly set forth
herein, various steps and operations are described in one possible
order of operation, but those skilled in the art will recognize
that steps and operations may be rearranged, replaced, or
eliminated without necessarily departing from the spirit and scope
of the present invention. It is intended that all matter contained
in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings
shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not limiting. Changes
in detail or structure may be made without departing from the
spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
[0028] Although the present invention has been described with
reference to the embodiments outlined above, various alternatives,
modifications, variations, improvements and/or substantial
equivalents, whether known or that are or may be presently
foreseen, may become apparent to those having at least ordinary
skill in the art. Listing the steps of a method in a certain order
does not constitute any limitation on the order of the steps of the
method. Accordingly, the embodiments of the invention set forth
above are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Persons
skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form
and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. Therefore, the invention is intended to embrace all
known or earlier developed alternatives, modifications, variations,
improvements, and/or substantial equivalents.
* * * * *