U.S. patent application number 14/245503 was filed with the patent office on 2014-08-07 for solar powered electrical generation device and related methods.
The applicant listed for this patent is Chandramouli VAIDYANATHAN. Invention is credited to Chandramouli VAIDYANATHAN.
Application Number | 20140216528 14/245503 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 45327577 |
Filed Date | 2014-08-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140216528 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
VAIDYANATHAN; Chandramouli |
August 7, 2014 |
SOLAR POWERED ELECTRICAL GENERATION DEVICE AND RELATED METHODS
Abstract
Embodiments relate to a solar electrical power generation
device, including one or more prefabricated solar photovoltaic
power source units each unit including an adapter to electrically
connect to other units, a movable and adjustable frame supporting
at least one of the one or more prefabricated solar photovoltaic
power source units and an electrical storage device being capable
of storing electrical power generated from the one or more power
source units. The frame is movable from between sites and within a
site and adjustable to increase or decrease a unit angle in
relation to the sun and wherein the device being capable of
connecting to a utility grid or serving as a stand-alone electrical
power system.
Inventors: |
VAIDYANATHAN; Chandramouli;
(Eagan, MN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
VAIDYANATHAN; Chandramouli |
Eagan |
MN |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
45327577 |
Appl. No.: |
14/245503 |
Filed: |
April 4, 2014 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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13216376 |
Aug 24, 2011 |
8716889 |
|
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14245503 |
|
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|
61452529 |
Mar 14, 2011 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
136/251 ;
136/244 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H02S 20/00 20130101;
H02S 40/32 20141201; H01L 31/0504 20130101; Y02E 10/50 20130101;
H02S 30/20 20141201; H02S 10/40 20141201 |
Class at
Publication: |
136/251 ;
136/244 |
International
Class: |
H01L 31/05 20060101
H01L031/05; H01L 31/042 20060101 H01L031/042 |
Claims
1. A solar electrical power generation device, the device
comprising: one or more solar photovoltaic power source units; one
or more inverters, and one or more quick coupling adapters, in
electrical contact with each of the one or more units; wherein each
unit is capable of electrically connecting to other units in
series, in parallel, or both.
2. The solar electrical power generation device of claim 1, wherein
each quick coupling adaptor comprises one or more male adaptor and
one or more female adaptor.
3. The solar electrical power generation device of claim 1, wherein
each module is capable of independently generating solar electrical
energy and distributing the energy to a utility grid or as a
stand-alone system.
4. The solar electrical power generation device of claim 1, further
comprising one or more controllers capable of sensing and
controlling individual unit power output.
5. The solar electrical power generation device of claim 1, further
comprising a frame.
6. The solar electrical power generation device of claim 1, wherein
each of the one or more solar photovoltaic power source units
comprises one or more solar photovoltaic panels.
7. The solar electrical power generation device of claim 1, further
comprising an electrical storage device capable of storing
electrical power generated from the one or more power source
units.
8. A solar power module system, comprising: a plurality of solar
power modules, wherein each module includes: one or more solar
photovoltaic power source units, and an electrical quick coupling
adapter in electrical contact with each of the one or more units
and capable of electrically connecting each module to other modules
in series, in parallel, or both.
9. The solar power module system of claim 8, wherein each module is
capable of independently generating solar electrical energy and
distributing the energy to a utility grid or as a stand-alone
system.
10. The solar power module system of claim 8, further comprising
one or more controllers.
11. The solar power module system of claim 8, wherein one solar
power module is a designated controller to control the system power
output.
12. The solar power module system of claim 11, wherein the
designated controller controls the system power output by one or
more of signal matching, impedance matching, controlling one or
more other solar power units.
13. The solar power module system of claim 8, wherein the
electrical adapter of at least one module includes an inverter.
14. The solar power module system of claim 13, wherein the inverter
outputs an electrical signal that simulates a grid connection.
15. The solar power module system of claim 8, further comprising an
electrical storage device, wherein the electrical storage device
includes one or more of a capacitor, a fuel cell, or a battery.
16. The solar power module system of claim 8, wherein the plurality
of solar power modules are connected in a ring.
17. The solar power module system of claim 8, wherein the plurality
of solar power modules are connected in one or more sub-rings.
18. The solar power module system of claim 17, wherein one or more
sub-rings comprise a master device.
19. The solar power module system of claim 8, further comprising a
frame, supporting at least one module.
20. The solar power module system of claim 8, wherein each of the
one or more solar photovoltaic power source units comprises one or
more solar photovoltaic panels.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 13/216,376, filed on 24 Aug. 2011, which
claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/452,529,
filed on 14 Mar. 2011, and which applications are incorporated
herein by reference. A claim of priority is made.
FIELD
[0002] This invention is directed to electrical power generation
systems connected to an electric utility grid and stand alone power
generation using solar photovoltaic energy.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Electrical power generation units, for example renewable
energy systems such as solar photovoltaic systems, may be connected
to an electrical utility grid and also be stand alone power
generation, and may provide power to the utility grid. Customers
can purchase solar photovoltaic systems, but require specialists to
design and install the system. The solar installer designs the
system integrating the solar photovoltaic panel, inverter and
mounting elements for each individual facility. Subsequently, the
installer or subcontractor usually labor installs the system. The
solar photovoltaic power generation system may exhibit large
variations in design, install and cost of the system at the
facility because of area, interconnection, sighting and
accessibility, as well as installation costs. Most solar system
installations have considered mostly gabled roof tops as locations
for the solar system installation. Due to gabled roof orientation
being inappropriate for solar orientations at the facility, these
facilities may be deemed insufficient for solar power generation.
Solar units that are mounted on the ground or flat roof can be
oriented to face the sun and can be integrated as part of the
ground landscape. If changes or expansion of the system becomes
necessary, the installer must re-design or make labor-intensive
modifications and calculations to adjust the system to the current
needs.
SUMMARY
[0004] Embodiments of the present invention relate to a solar
electrical power generation device, including one or more
prefabricated solar photovoltaic power source units, each unit can
include an adapter to electrically connect to other units, a
movable and adjustable frame supporting at least one of the one or
more prefabricated solar photovoltaic power source units and an
electrical storage device being capable of storing electrical power
generated from the one or more power source units. The frame can be
movable from between sites and within a site. The frame can be
adjustable to increase or decrease a unit angle in relation to the
sun. The units can be capable of connecting to a utility grid or
serving as a stand-alone electrical power system, e.g., off the
utility grid. In an example, a prefabricated device can mean a
standard, single type of device.
[0005] Embodiments also relate to a method for generating solar
electrical power, including selecting one or more prefabricated
solar photovoltaic power source units, positioning the one or more
prefabricated solar photovoltaic power source units on a movable
and adjustable frame, electrically connecting the one or more
prefabricated solar photovoltaic power source units to one or more
of a utility grid, residence, commercial business or electrical
storage device and generating solar electrical energy and
distributing the energy to one or more of a utility grid,
residence, commercial business or electrical storage device.
[0006] Embodiments also relate to a method for ordering and
designing a site installation of solar electrical power devices as
a system for a site. The method can select one or more
prefabricated solar photovoltaic power source units, position the
one or more prefabricated solar photovoltaic power source units at
the site, e.g., on a movable and adjustable frame or permanently
installed.
[0007] The method can designate which device is positioned where
and provide a layout of the devices inclusive of position and order
of installation. In an example, the order of how the power devices
are connected to one another in a serial layout or parallel layout
with a single electrical output to the load. The method can be used
at short-term sites in response to emergency conditions, such as
national disasters or military excursions. The method further can
set forth how the one or more prefabricated solar photovoltaic
power source units are electrically connected to one or more of a
utility grid, residence, commercial business or electrical storage
device and generating solar electrical energy and distributing the
energy to one or more of a utility grid, residence, commercial
business or electrical storage device or other energy consumer. The
method can further rely on topographical information stored in a
database to determine an installation layout. The method can also
store the path of the sun and its angel of incidence through the
time of day and the days of the year. A customer can be queried by
the method, e.g., using a computing system, to input the desired
location, the peak power desired, the time and date of peak power
and for other pertinent information. The method can confirm at
least some of this data input by a customer using data stored or at
least accessible by the system.
[0008] Embodiments relate to a solar power module system including
two or more solar power modules. Each module includes a
prefabricated solar photovoltaic power source unit, an electrical
adapter; and one or more controllers. Each module is capable of
independently generating solar electrical energy and distributing
the energy to a utility grid, as a stand-alone system or connecting
to another module to form a larger generating system. While the
solar power modules can be standardized, the layout of a plurality
of solar power modules for an installation site can be individually
designed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE VIEWS OF THE DRAWING
[0009] FIG. 1 depicts a schematic view of a solar electrical
generation system, according to some embodiments.
[0010] FIG. 2 depicts a perspective side view of a solar electrical
generation device, according to some embodiments.
[0011] FIG. 3A depicts a prefabricated solar electrical power
generation unit that is grid tied.
[0012] FIG. 3B depicts a prefabricated solar electrical power
generation unit that is a stand alone system with storage
[0013] FIG. 3C depicts a prefabricated solar electrical power
generation unit that has auxiliary power to simulate grid frequency
so it can be placed in remote locations.
[0014] FIG. 4 depicts a rendition of the prefabricated unit that is
manufactured in a manufacturing facility and is taken to the site
for installation.
[0015] FIG. 5 depicts multiple solar units arranged in rows as an
example of installation.
[0016] FIG. 6 depicts a perspective view of modular solar power
source units mounted on a frame, according to some embodiments.
[0017] FIG. 7 depicts a front perspective view of modular solar
power source units mounted on a frame, according to some
embodiments.
[0018] FIG. 8 depicts a flow diagram of a method of generating
solar electrical power, according to some embodiments.
[0019] FIG. 9 depicts an electrical power generation unit formed,
according to some embodiments.
[0020] FIG. 10 depicts a flowchart of a net metering process for
controlling electrical power flow in an electrical power generation
unit, according to some embodiments.
[0021] FIG. 11 depicts a block flow diagram of a method of an
ordering system, according to some embodiments.
[0022] FIG. 12 depicts a system to interact with a solar unit
according to some embodiments.
[0023] FIG. 13 depicts an architecture within which a solar
electrical power source unit system is implemented, according to
some embodiments.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The present invention is described with reference to the
attached figures, wherein like reference numerals are used
throughout the figures to designate similar or equivalent elements.
The figures are not drawn to scale and they are provided merely to
illustrate the invention. Several aspects of the invention are
described below with reference to example applications for
illustration. It should be understood that numerous specific
details, relationships, and methods are set forth to provide an
understanding of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art,
however, will readily recognize that the invention can be practiced
without one or more of the specific details or with other methods.
In other instances, well-known structures or operations are not
shown in detail to avoid obscuring the invention. The present
invention is not limited by the illustrated ordering of acts or
events, as some acts may occur in different orders and/or
concurrently with other acts or events. Furthermore, not all
illustrated acts or events are required to implement a methodology
in accordance with the present invention.
[0025] Embodiments of the present invention relate to modular,
cost- and design-efficient solar power source units. Embodiments
integrate the design and labor off site and deliver prefabricated
modular units to the site. Such a design process can reduce
installation costs. In an example, the units are of a standard
design, e.g., a single design or a limited number (less than ten)
designs for a standard installation by the present methods and
systems described herein. Multiple units or modules can make up the
solar generating system. These systems can be both grid connected
and stand alone systems. The solar power units can be connected
together to provide a single power output to a load. In an example,
one solar power unit is a designated controller to control the
output, e.g., signal matching, impedance matching, and control of
the other solar power units.
[0026] [An electrical power generation unit which is connected to
an electrical utility grid may be coupled to an energy storage
system. In solar photovoltaic power generation, orientation to the
sun can be critical to the power generated in various examples. A
solar power generating system includes solar module (or panel),
inverter and mounting device. The solar power generating unit can
be a standardized design, e.g., a single design for all
installation layouts, a few designs for all layouts ("few" can be
equal to or less than five or can be equal to or less than three).
While the layout at an installation or for each facility is
individually designed, the solar power generating unit is a single
design or one of the few designs. The layouts of the generating
system, as a whole, typically are not duplicated.
[0027] Embodiments of the present invention utilize prefabricated
solar modular units, in combination with "quick coupled" or "plug
and play" electrical connections between units. A single unit is
self sufficient to be either grid connected or supply power through
battery storage. Each unit can comprise an entire solar power
solution or be quickly and easily combined to provide increased
electrical output. Moreover, one of the solar modular units can
operate as a master to the other units, which operate as slaves.
The master unit can be the last in the connected chain of solar
modular unit. All the components for power generation may be
included in a single module, such as a quick connect to grid
breakers, snow removal device, position change for solar
orientation, tilting mechanism for optimum solar orientation,
storage, inverter and solar panels. Each prefabricated solar unit
is stand alone and has the elements of direct current power (DC
Power) and alternate current power (AC Power) integrated that can
be grid connected as well as standalone systems to power remote and
independent facilities. The unit or module can be prefabricated to
interact with a number of existing electrical configurations
possibly present at a future installation facility or site. For
example, the unit can be configured to interact with split phase
120/240V, 3-phase 208V or 3-phase 480/277V. A transformer may be
utilized to achieve the adaptations on site. The modules can also
include an identification code that forces one unit to be a master
and the others to be the slaves to the master unit.
[0028] This invention is both portable and stationery. The
portability can be made using a simple wheel and cart approach or
trailer (wheels and hitch for pulling behind vehicle) or mounted on
a truck bed to deliver to an installation site. The stationery
configuration can be made using concrete foundation footings,
anchors, ballasts and the likes. The deployable system harvests
available solar and is highly adaptive and portable. Most renewable
energy systems are developed with a precise location in mind and
then designed for optimal harvesting potential for that specific
location. This present invention standardizes the entire solar
system and can be easily connected and deployed into buildings or
traditional brick and mortar structures and also for Forward
Operating Bases (FOBS) and Main Operating Bases (MOBs).
[0029] Referring to FIG. 1, a schematic view 100 of a solar
electrical generation system is shown, according to some
embodiments. One or more solar electrical power source units 102
are in electrical contact through connection 104, such as an
adapter. The one or more units 102 may be supported by frame 106,
such as a movable and adjustable frame. The units 102 can be
connected in series or in parallel, for example. Each unit may
include its own dedicated controller 112, such as an inverter or a
microinverter. In this embodiment, if one unit would malfunction or
short out, the controller would prevent the entire string or system
of units from going off-line. The units 102 may be connected to
electrical control and regulation components, such as junction box
108 and optional inverter 110. The controller 112 can include
electrical connections to output electrical power to solar panel
maintenance device, e.g., snow removal devices, wipers, cleaners,
communication devices, etc. Such an output can be DC power to power
DC motors. With an installation of a plurality of units 102, the
units 102 are connected together. In an installation, the units 102
are electrically connected to each other, e.g., a daisy chain or
serial connection. The units 102 can be electrically connected
together in a sequence or in a ring. In a further example, some
units can be connected in sub-rings with each ring having a master
device with such master devices connected together to an
installation master unit that will output an electrical signal from
the entire group of electrical power generating units 102. Other
than a full, single loop, systems which contain internal loops
cannot be called daisy chains. In another installation, the units
102 are connected linearly with the master unit being at an end of
the line and connected to the power system at the installation
site.
[0030] An optional meter 116 may be positioned between the
electrical control devices and electrical panel 114 to monitor
electrical generation. The electricity generated by the units 102
may be distributed 120 to the facility (e.g., home, dwelling,
disaster relief center, business or military installation), to a
utility grid 124 or to an electrical storage device 122. A meter
118 may be positioned in the system to measure electrical
distribution to the utility grid 124.
[0031] The adapter 105 can be a quick coupling or connect
mechanism, outlet or electrical wire and plug, for example. The
unit comes with a quick connect mechanism which is an adapter (both
female and male) that can be connected through conductors and
grounding to utility grid systems. The unit can also be a stand
alone system wherein there are outlets in the unit from which the
loads can be supplied at the supply voltage and power. The adapter
105 can conform to rules for connection of the male and female pars
of the adaptors between units 102 and the other electrical
connections. Such rules can force a one-way direction of flow of
electrical power from one unit to the next unit until the final
unit connects to an external electrical system. These adapter
connection rules can also simplify the installation of the units
102 and improve safety. The adapter 105 can include a safety
enclosure to prevent most people from accessing the electrical
connections. The enclosure can further prevent weather from
faulting the adapter connection.
[0032] The controller 112 can be one as described in U.S. Published
Patent Application 2011/0012429, filed Sep. 13, 2010, which is
herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. However if the
material incorporated by reference conflicts with the present
disclosure, the present disclosure controls interpretation of the
present application. The controller 112 can include at least two
power stages, each power stage of the at least two power stages
capable of converting DC input power to DC output power; and a
controller for dynamically selecting, based on a first DC power,
one or more power stages of the at least two power stages for
converting the first DC power to a second DC power, for example.
The controller 112 can dynamically select a flyback mode from a
plurality of flyback modes for operating the one or more power
stages. The flyback mode may be selected based on an input voltage
to the at least two power stages. Additionally, the plurality of
flyback modes includes a regular flyback mode and a quasi-resonant
flyback mode. The controller 112 can also include an output circuit
coupled to the at least two power stages for converting the second
DC power to AC power.
[0033] The controllers 112 of the units 102 can also include a code
or identification that labels that controller as either a master
device or a slave device. The master controller controls the output
from the units 102 to the panel 114 or other load. The master
controller can sample the electrical signal at the panel 114 or
other load and match the electrical signal from the units 102 to
the signal at the panel 114 or load. When the units 102 having the
controller are connected together through the adapters, each
controller can send its identification code through the
connections. The master unit's controller 112 then registers each
of the other units as connected in this installation, which can be
a chain as described herein.
[0034] The controller 112 on the master unit can sense an output
electrical waveform at the controller's adapter, which is the
interface to the exterior electrical system. The waveform being
sensed is the exterior electrical system waveform and can sense the
voltage, frequency and/or the phase. The controller 112 can then
establish a reference waveform that matches the sensed waveform.
The controller 112 then controls an output current waveform of the
units 112 (of the entire installation of units) that track the
reference waveform. The controller 112 continues to sense the
signal from the exterior electrical system and will revise the
reference waveform and, hence its output waveform. If there is a
significant difference in the reference waveform and the sensed
waveform the controller can stop outputting an electrical waveform
to reset the reference and maintain a match with the electrical
signal to which the unit is connected.
[0035] The master controller 112 can establish a predetermined
current, e.g., a current that will not exceed the rating of the
connections, wires, lines, or the exterior electrical system. The
output current of the electrical signal from the master controller
112 tracks the predetermined current. The voltage at the adapter
that connects the controller to the exterior electrical system is
sensed. If the sensed output voltage is outside a set voltage or
waveform range, then electrical output from the master controller
112 is interrupted or disconnected from the exterior electrical
system, e.g., the utility grid or the building electrical system.
The master controller 112, after the output signal is interrupted,
can resume output after a few cycles or seconds of the exterior
electrical system. The controller 112 can also take into
consideration appropriate regulatory requirements, after the grid
is reconnected and a sinusoidal voltage is re-imposed at adapter of
the master controller 112.
[0036] The controller 112 of the solar units 102 can further
include other circuitry that operates to provide safety
improvements. The circuitry can serve as a bypass circuit for
electrical current through an individual solar unit from a second
unit to a third unit, which are both electrically connected to the
unit 102. The circuitry forms a parallel circuit relative to
photovoltaic cells. The controller 112 can sense when a unit 102 is
not supplying power and that unit can be bypassed and can send a
request for service. In an example, the circuitry can include a
power relay selecting between three positions, bypass, power from
current photovoltaic cell only, and combining the electrical energy
from upstream units 102 and the current unit and outputting same
downstream.
[0037] Referring to FIG. 2, a perspective side view 200 of a solar
electrical generation device is shown, according to some
embodiments. A power unit 102 can be mounted on frame 202. The
frame 202 can be movable, such as by utilizing wheels 206 or a
trailer frame. A wheeled unit allows ease of delivery to a site as
such a wheeled unit can be loaded on to a train bed or truck bed
with ease. Wheeled units can also be moved by small vehicles such
as trucks, tractors, ATVs, etc. A unit with wheels allows
maneuverability at the installation site using common vehicles that
can engage a frame, e.g., using a standard hitch connection. The
frame 202 can also be weighted so that the device has sufficient
weight hold the solar electrical energy producing device in the
upright position as shown in FIG. 2. In an example, the legs that
extend down to the ground hold over half the weight of the solar
electrical energy producing device. The frame 202 can be a
standardized frame that holds the photovoltaic panel. In an
example, the frame 202 can be a fixed frame, which is unfolded or
constructed from a kit sent to the installation site. The frame can
include pipes, angle iron, box metal or rods. In an example, the
frames are all of a single design to standardize the installation
of the energy producing unit. The frame can be set in a direction
facing the path of the sun, generally parallel to the south when
the device is in the northern hemisphere. The angle 204 of the unit
in relation to the sun may be adjusted by a tilting mechanism 210
integrated or attached to the frame 202 and connected to the energy
generation panel. The tilting mechanism 210 can tilt the face of
the photovoltaic panel, e.g., the array of cells, in at least one
direction and in an example in two directions. The photovoltaic
panel is typically planar and can be tilted in the X-axis, Y-axis,
and/or Z-axis in various embodiments. The frame 202 can be set in a
fixed position once adjusted or subsequently adjusted numerous
times. A snow removal device 208 can be optionally integrated into
the frame 202 or one or more power source units 102, for
example.
[0038] Snow removal device 208 can be powered by a hand crank
(e.g., a manually powered device). In an example, the snow removal
device 208 operates automatically, e.g., non-manually. The snow
removal device can be operated by wind power or electrical motor.
The snow removal device 208 can be a blower that uses air flow or
air pressure, e.g., compressed air, which removes snow from the
face or the electricity-generating panel. The snow removal device
208 can be a mechanical snow remover, e.g., brush, wiper, bar,
cloth or other configuration. If a wiper, brush, cloth or other
similar device, the mechanism can move vertically along the face of
the panel. In a specific example, the mechanism starts at the top
of the panel and then moves vertically down the face of the panel
and pushes the snow off the bottom of the panel. In a further
example, the mechanism can move horizontally across the unit face
to remove snow. A compressed air device can be positioned at one or
more perimeters of the unit to force the snow in one or more
directions, such as downward. In an example, a heater heats the air
output by the blower such that heated air is used to remove the
snow from the face of the panel. A heating device, such as heated
tape, may be implemented around one or more of the perimeters of
the unit to melt snow. Each snow removal device 208 can be powered
directly from the local power grid or the local power system. In
another example, the snow removal device 208 is be powered each
unit's controller. The devices 208 can be powered by a system
inverter, as an option. By operating the snow removal device, the
snow is forced off the panels within a short duration of time. The
snow removal device 208 can be mounted directly on one or more
units 102 or on each frame 202, for example. The snow removal
device 208 can be configured to remove snow without touching or
scratching the unit face (i.e., panels), such as by brushing or
wiping within about 1-2 mm of the surface, without physical contact
with the face. In a further example, a track is mounted to the
front face of the solar power generating devices and the snow
removal devices can travel along the track to remove the snow. The
track can be positioned along one edge of the unit so that the
track and the snow removal device minimally, if at all, interfere
with the sunlight impinging on the unit. In a further example, the
track can extend off the front face of the unit to remove the snow
removal device from the front face.
[0039] FIG. 3A depicts an electrical power generation unit formed
according to an embodiment. The electrical power generation unit
includes a solar module 3100, for example one or more solar
photovoltaic panels, capable of generating electrical power. A
means for converting electrical power to usable power 3110,
depicted schematically in FIG. 3A as power source meter and switch
3110, is coupled to the solar photovoltaic modules 3100. In an
example, the means for converting can also operate as master or
slave device to control output of a plurality of electrical power
generation units. A snow removal mechanism, which is battery
operated, hand crank or a wind turbine mechanism to rotate the snow
removal device, can be provided on the unit. Other examples of a
snow removal device can be used in the FIG. 3A embodiment. The
power source meter and switch 3110 is also referred to as the
inverter device that converts the DC Power to AC Power.
[0040] The electrical power generation unit 3100 also includes an
energy storage system, for example, a rechargeable battery 3130
(FIG. 3B) capable of storing electrical power delivered to the
energy storage system as stored energy. Other examples for energy
storage can also be used, e.g., a mechanical store, a flywheel,
and/or a closed cycle fuel cell. The energy storage system 3130 is
furthermore capable of delivering the stored energy in the form of
electrical power. In one realization of the instant embodiment, the
energy storage system 3130 can have a maximum capacity for the
stored energy. In one realization of the instant embodiment, the
energy storage system 3130 is capable of delivering a desired
amount of electrical power up to a stored energy delivery rate
limit. The delivery rate limit can be a function of the unit 3100,
rate of battery output. In a further example, the rate limit is a
function of the load or local power system.
[0041] Electrical power can be delivered from the power source 3100
to an electrical utility grid 3120, depicted schematically in FIG.
3A and FIG. 3B as electrical utility conductor, through a generated
power source meter and switch 3110. The generated power delivery
switch 3110 is capable of controlling an amount of electrical power
from the power source 3100 delivered to the electrical utility grid
3120. The power delivery switch can be part of a controller at a
solar panel unit. The switch 3110 can be programmed to deliver a
power signal that matches the power at the connection point, e.g.,
electrical power panel at a building or a utility power signal. In
an example, the switch 3110 is programmed at a remote location
prior to delivery of the power source 3100 to the installation
site. The embodiment can also include a secondary power generator
3140 to aid in a simulated grid connected system as in FIG. 3C. The
purpose of the secondary power generator is to supply grid
frequency appropriate for the power source and switch 3110. In an
example, the switch 3110 includes circuitry to sample the
electrical signal to which it is connected and match the signal
output from electrical power generation device, e.g., power source
3100. In a further embodiment, the switch is part of the master
controller to control the output signal to a load. The slave type
solar panel units can be without a switch.
[0042] The electrical power generation unit 3100 can also include a
snow removal device 3115 that engages the surface of the
photovoltaic panel to remove debris, such as snow, from the surface
of the photovoltaic panel. The snow removal device 3115 can include
a wiper that travels on the panel and can include a rubber blade
that engages the surface. The wiper may include a cloth that
engages the surface. The wiper can pivot from a single point, e.g.,
the bottom or side of panel. In another example, the wiper extends
along then entire width of the panel. The wiper can travel down the
photovoltaic panel to remove snow. In an example, the wiper is
positioned so that it does not directly contact the surface of the
panel but is closely adjacent face, e.g., within a 1/4 inch. The
snow removal device can, in an example, include a heat source,
e.g., a heating tape or a blower that can blow warm air on the face
of the photovoltaic panel. The snow removal device 3115 requires
energy to operate. The energy can come from the controller. In
another example, the power is supplied from a separate electrical
circuit.
[0043] FIG. 4 shows an electrical power generation system 400 with
a plurality of solar modules 401A, 401B, 401C, 401D, and 401E
mounted to a frame 402. While shown as five solar modules
401A-401E, it will be within the scope of the present invention to
provide a single solar module, e.g., 401A, or any plurality of
solar modules. The solar modules 401A-401E are each connected to a
controller (not shown in FIG. 4) to output electrical energy,
either as direct current or alternating current, preferably in
phase with standard utility power or standard building power. The
frame 402 can be mobile to orient the solar modules 401A-401E to
the position of the sun to increase the efficiency of the
generation of electricity from solar energy. In an example, the
angle of the front face of the solar module relative to the
vertical should be in a range of about 22 degrees to about 68
degrees in Minneapolis, Minn. In Anchorage, Ak., the angle of the
front face of the solar module relative to vertical should be in a
range of about 6 degrees to about 52 degrees. Depending on the
performance desired from the system 400, the angle of the modules
401A-401E can be set for a specific month when energy needs would
be greatest as the lower The frame 402 can include members that
support the solar modules 401A-401E and are connected to actuators
that move the position of the solar modules 401A-401E to track the
position of the sun. The frame 402 further includes wheels 402 that
allow the system 400 to be moved into place. The wheels 402 can be
locked once the system 400 is in place at its generation location.
In a further example, the wheels 402 are removed once the system
400 is positioned in place.
[0044] A snow removal device 415 is positioned on the electrical
power generation system 400. In the illustrated example, a snow
removal device 415 is positioned along a longitudinal side of each
solar module 401A-401E. The snow removal device 415 can also be
positioned along the other (left in FIG. 4) longitudinal side of
each solar module 401A-401E. In other examples, the snow removal
device 415 is positioned along the shorter sides of each solar
module 401A-401E. As shown in FIG. 4 the shorter side is along the
top or the bottom of solar modules 401A-401E. If the snow removal
device 415 is positioned along the bottom edge of the solar modules
401A-401E, then the snow removal device can include a gutter to
direct water away from the remainder of the snow removal device 415
and/or direct the water to a drain and away from the solar module
401A, . . . , 401E, respectively. The controller can control
operation of the snow removal device 415 using instructions
received from a remote device or from weather information sensed at
the location of the system 400. The controller can also control the
electrical energy output of the system 400, e.g., up to one
kilowatt and less than 15 amps.
[0045] FIG. 5 shows an electrical power generation system 500 with
a plurality of solar power systems that each include at least one
module 501 mounted to a frame 502. The module 501 can include a
plurality of individual solar modules, e.g., the modules 401A-401E
shown in FIG. 4. The modules 501 can be positioned with the
length/defining the face that the solar rays impinge to generate
electricity. The face of the module 501 is positioned at an angle
relative to the ground and, specifically, relative to the top
surface of the frame 502. The rear edge of the face of the module
501 is raised to a height h to define the angle between the face
and the ground to achieve an efficient receipt of solar rays to the
front face of the module 501. As shown in FIG. 5, adjacent rows of
modules 501 should spaced at a spacing distance 509 such that a
module does not block solar rays to such an extent that efficiency
of the rearward module is degraded by any significant extent. This
is important in northern climates as the sun is lower in the sky
during a larger portion of a day than in southern climates
(relative to the northern hemisphere). In the illustrated example,
it is desired that the sun rays are not blocked from reaching a
subsequent solar module after 10 percent of the daily sunlight
passes. Other examples can be less than 10 percent of the daily
sunlight passes. With the solar modules having a face length 1 of
about 63 inches with the rear edge raised to a height of 44 inches,
the solar module will have a shadow length of about 108 inches when
the solar modules are positioned at St. Paul, Minn. (approximately
latitude 45 degrees, longitude 93 degrees) at about noon on 21 Dec.
2010. The shadow will be slightly increased with the solar modules
being mounted on a frame. The solar module placement methods
described herein will take into account the specific site for the
solar modules, the position with reference to the longitude and
latitude, desired peak energy producing days, and the desired
energy consumptions days, to determine the layout of the solar
modules to achieve maximum efficiency in view of these criteria.
The size of the solar modules is also taken into account in the
layout processes described in greater detail herein.
[0046] Referring to FIG. 6, a perspective view of modular solar
power source units mounted on a frame is shown (see FIG. 7 for a
front view), according to some embodiments. Individual solar
electrical power source units 601A-D can be mounted on a frame 602
in a position and angle to maximize exposure to the sun on a daily
basis (dawn to dusk angle positioning), seasonal basis or both, for
example. The frame 602 can be trailer or portable unit, such as by
utilizing wheels 604. The frame 602 can be fixed in place by
removing the wheels 604 or setting a lock mechanism on or near the
wheels 604. In an example, the frame include leveling jacks (not
shown), e.g., at each corner of the frame. The jacks can operate to
level the frame or tilt the face of the power source units
601A-601D toward the sun. In a further example, the jacks lift the
wheels off the ground to assist in at least semi-permanently fixing
the position of the frame and, hence, the power source units
601A-601D.
[0047] A module can be an individual unit or group of units 615.
Frame supports 606 and 607 position the units 601A-D at the desired
angle. Frame bed 603 can be horizontally tiltable as well. The
frame bed 603 can impart structural rigidity to the frame, either
during operation, during transport or both. The frame bed 603
includes components that when connected together provide rigidity
between the lateral side members of the frame and between the side
and the front or rear support structures of the frame.
Additionally, the frame bed 603 can support additional equipment,
such as the tilting mechanism 605, for example. Other additional
equipment can include satellite positioning, navigational devices
(e.g., Global Positioning System devices), other disaster relief
devices and supplies. A mechanism 605 for tilting the units 601A-D
can be in mechanical contact with supports 606, 607.
[0048] Referring to FIG. 8, a flow diagram 800 of a method of
generating solar electrical power is shown, according to some
embodiments. One or more prefabricated solar photovoltaic power
source units are selected 802. The units are then positioned 804 on
a movable and adjustable frame. The units are electrically
connected 806 to each other and to one or more of a utility grid,
residence, commercial business or electrical storage device. Solar
electrical energy is then generated 808 and distributed to one or
more of a utility grid, residence, commercial business or
electrical storage device.
[0049] Selecting 802 can include making a selection according to
one or more of the following factors: cost, space, existing
electrical support system, position relative to the sun and
electrical needs of a facility. The number of units chosen can be
initially determined by one or more of these factors. The
positioning of the units can be used in selecting the units. As
these factors change, one or more additional units or modules may
be added to the system with little to no design or re-design costs
and minimal installation required.
[0050] Selecting 802 can include requesting the quantity of power
desired by the ordering customer, for example, over a computing
network. Selecting can also include requesting the location of the
installation site. The location can be input as a street address
and then matched to a database that includes longitude and latitude
data that corresponds to the input street address. The selecting
process can further access a topographical map of the land at the
proposed installation site. Such topographical data and
longitudinal/latitudinal data can be stored in a local database in
a memory accessible by a computing machine. The selecting can still
further access visual images of the installation site, e.g., from
GOOGLE.TM. street view or with satellite imagery. This data can be
used in the position step, discussed below. If the selecting step
determines that there may be an issue with the selection of the
number of solar units as selected by the customer, based on any of
this data, the selecting step can alert a person to review the
order in essentially real-time, e.g., using electronic
communication methods to communicate with the orderer who input
information into the computing machine executing instructions for
at least part of the selecting step, and remote from the
installation site.
[0051] Selecting 802 can include determining available incentives
for installation of solar energy producing devices and
environmentally friendly energy production. The incentives can
include rebates from manufacturers or tax incentives (e.g., tax
credits) from local, state, of Federal governments. The various
incentives can be stored in a database accessible to the order
fulfillment computing devices and used to select the appropriate
solar modules and devices for installation to maximize the
incentives.
[0052] Positioning 804 can include mounting or attaching the units
to the frame. Positioning 804 can also include adjusting an angle
of the units in relation to the sun. The tiltable frame mechanism
can adjust the units or modules for optimal sun exposure based on
time or day, time of year or both.
[0053] In an example, positioning 804 can also include calculating
in a computing machine, based on the type of the solar power
generating unit, the layout of the solar power generating unit(s).
The calculating can provide a layout scheme to an installer, who
will be at the installation site. The installer need not be trained
photovoltaic installer but need only be a technician with
reasonable mechanical skills The layout scheme will label the
installation order of the solar power generating unit(s) and
accessories. The layout scheme will further include the order of
leveling and connection of the solar power generating unit(s) and
initial testing of the solar power generating unit(s) as a complete
install prior to brining the solar power generating unit(s) online
with the building power system or the utility grid. If the
installation scheme is for disaster relief efforts, then the layout
scheme will include advise on checking for debris or flooding
possibility and other possible on-site issues that should be
reviewed prior to or while installation is being performed.
[0054] Electrically connecting 806 includes electrically connecting
through an adapter, for example. Adapters can be quick couplings,
outlets or electrical plugs. Adapters can be male or female
depending on each unit's position in a series or string. In an
example, the adapters can connect the solar devices in series or in
parallel with an electrical storage device, which can include a
capacitor or fuel cell or battery operated storage device.
[0055] FIG. 9 depicts an electrical power generation unit 1100
formed according to an embodiment (see U.S. Published Patent
Application No. 2011/0077786, filed Sep. 28, 2009, having the same
inventor as the present application, herein incorporated by
reference in its entirety). The electrical power generation unit
1100 includes a power source 1102, for example one or more solar
photovoltaic panels, and/or one or more wind turbines, capable of
generating electrical power. A means for measuring the electrical
power being generated by the power source 1102, depicted
schematically in FIG. 9 as power source meter 1104, is coupled to
the power source 1102. In one realization of the instant
embodiment, the power source meter 1104 can be electromagnetically
coupled to the power source 1102, for example through an air core
transformer.
[0056] The electrical power generation unit 1100 also includes an
energy storage system 1106, for example, a rechargeable battery, a
flywheel, and/or a closed cycle fuel cell, capable of storing
electrical power delivered to the energy storage system 1106 as
stored energy. The energy storage system 1106 is capable of
delivering the stored energy in the form of electrical power. In
one realization of the instant embodiment, the energy storage
system 1106 can have a maximum capacity for the stored energy. In
an embodiment, the energy storage system 1106 is capable of
delivering a desired amount of electrical power up to a stored
energy delivery rate limit. A means for measuring an amount of the
stored energy in the energy storage system 1106, depicted
schematically in FIG. 9 as stored power meter 1108, is coupled to
the energy storage system 1106.
[0057] Electrical power can be delivered from the power source 1102
to an electrical utility grid 1110, depicted schematically in FIG.
9 as electrical utility conductor 1110, through a generated power
delivery switch 1112. The generated power delivery switch 1112 is
capable of controlling an amount of electrical power from the power
source 1102 delivered to the electrical utility grid 1110. In an
embodiment, the generated power delivery switch 1112 can be capable
of limiting the electrical power delivered to the electrical
utility grid 1110 to a desired fraction of the power generated by
the power source 1102. Electrical power can be delivered from the
energy storage system 1106 to the electrical utility grid 1110
through a stored energy delivery switch 1114. The stored energy
delivery switch 1114 is capable of controlling an amount of
electrical power from the energy storage system 1106 delivered to
the electrical utility grid 1110. In an embodiment, the stored
energy delivery switch 1114 can be capable of limiting the
electrical power delivered to the electrical utility grid 1110 to a
desired fraction of the electrical power produced by the energy
storage system 1106. Electrical power can be delivered from the
power source 1102 to the energy storage system 1106 through a
transfer switch 1116. The transfer switch 1116 is capable of
controlling an amount of electrical power from the power source
1102 delivered to the energy storage system 1106. In an embodiment,
the transfer switch 1116 may be capable of limiting the electrical
power delivered to the energy storage system 106 to a desired
fraction of the power generated by the power source 1102.
[0058] The electrical power generation unit 1100 further includes a
net metering control apparatus 1118. The net metering control
apparatus 1118 is coupled to the power source meter 1104, and is
capable of reading a value of the power source meter 1104
representative of the amount of power being generated by the power
source 1102. Similarly, the net metering control apparatus 1118 is
coupled to the stored power meter 1108, and is capable of reading a
value of the stored power meter 1108 representative of the energy
stored in the energy storage system 1106. In an embodiment, the net
metering control apparatus 1118 can be wirelessly coupled to the
source meter 1104 and/or the stored power meter 1108. The net
metering control apparatus 1118 is further coupled to the generated
power delivery switch 1112, the stored energy delivery switch 1114
and the transfer switch 1116, and is configured to independently
control the generated power delivery switch 112, the stored energy
delivery switch 1114 and the transfer switch 1116. The net metering
control apparatus 1118 is capable of adjusting the generated power
delivery switch 1112, the stored energy delivery switch 1114 and
the transfer switch 1116 based on the values read from the power
source meter 1104 and the stored power meter 1108 so that a total
amount of electrical power from the power source 1102 and the
energy storage system 1106 to the electrical utility grid 1110 does
not exceed a prescribed power limit. In an embodiment, the net
metering control apparatus 1118 is capable of adjusting the
transfer switch 1116 so that power generated by the power source
1102 above the prescribed power limit may be delivered to the
energy storage system 1106. The net metering control apparatus 118
may incorporate computing circuitry, a computer or other electronic
controller.
[0059] The net metering control apparatus 1118 can further include
circuitry to monitor the electrical signals at the electrical
utility grid 1110 supplied with electrical energy by either the
stored and match the output electrical signal to the signal on the
signal at the grid or load. The net metering control apparatus 1118
can further include circuitry to match the output signal to a load
other than the grid 1110. The load can be an electrical motor, AC
alternator, or other electricity user. In an example for North
America, the sine wave signal local to the solar module or the net
metering apparatus 1118, e.g., at grid 1110, switch 1112, switch
1114 or switch 1116 is sampled. The average frequency for this sine
wave is 60 Hz. The output to the grid is matched to the sine wave.
The circuitry can include a sniffer circuit that detects the phase
and voltage of the signal on the grid. The circuitry can further
include a reference oscillator circuit to actively control
frequency and power output to achieve the desired line voltage and
frequency to match the grid signal.
[0060] It will be recognized that the load on the grid may
periodically change in frequency, current draw and/or voltage, the
net metering apparatus 1118 can sense these changes and change the
output signal to the grid. In another example, the grid is a DC
load and the net metering apparatus 1118 will match the power
needed but need not match the frequency. The net metering apparatus
1118 can also convert DC power stored in the energy storage system
1106 can be converted to an AC signal to match the signal on the
grid 1110.
[0061] FIG. 10 is flowchart of a net metering process for
controlling electrical power flow in an electrical power generation
unit as described in reference to FIG. 9. The net metering process
begins with step 2200, reading the power source meter 1104 to
obtain a value representative of the amount of electrical power
being generated by the power source 1102. In an example, the
reading is performed by the net metering apparatus 1118 (FIG. 9).
At 2200, the signal at the load of the grid 1110 can be determined.
At step 2202, it is determined if the amount of power being
generated by the power source 1102 is above the prescribed power
limit. In an embodiment, there may exist a lower reimbursement rate
for electrical power delivered to the electrical utility grid 1110
above the prescribed power limit compared to power delivered below
the prescribed limit.
[0062] If the result of step 2202 is yes, step 2204 is executed,
which can, e.g., be performed at the net metering control apparatus
1118 to turn off the stored energy delivery switch 1114 if it is in
an "ON" state. If the stored energy delivery switch 1114 is already
in an "OFF" state, execution of step 2204 entails maintaining the
stored energy delivery switch 114 in the OFF state.
[0063] Step 2206 is executed, which is the net metering control
apparatus 1118 to adjust the generated power delivery switch 1112
and the transfer switch 1116 so that power delivered to the
electrical utility grid 1110 does not exceed the prescribed power
limit. In one realization of the instant embodiment, execution of
step 2206 may include adjusting the transfer switch 1116 so that
power from the power source 1102 above the prescribed power limit
is delivered to the energy storage system 1106. In an example and
at step 2206, the signal output from the solar power generation is
matched to the electrical signal at the load or grid based on
frequency. In alternate realizations of the instant embodiment,
steps 2204 and 2206 may be executed in any order.
[0064] If the result of step 2202 is NO, step 2208 is executed,
which is the net metering control apparatus 1118 to adjust the
generated power delivery switch 1112, the stored energy delivery
switch 1114 and the transfer switch 1116 so that total power from
the power source 1102 and the energy storage system 1106 delivered
to the electrical utility grid 1110 does not exceed the prescribed
power limit. In one realization of the instant embodiment,
execution of step 2208 may include turning off the transfer switch
116.
[0065] After step 2206 or step 2208 is executed, the net metering
process is ended. The net metering process may be repeated as
frequently as desired to obtain a desired level of performance from
the electrical power generation unit 1100.
[0066] FIG. 11 depicts a system of ordering, according to some
embodiments. A customer places 110 an order via a webpage on the
Internet, over the phone or in person. The customer supplies the
amount of space available 1105, the power requirements 1107 or
both. A product or number of units or modules is then selected 1109
based on the customer supplied information. Additionally, the
product is selected 1109 in consideration of local laws or
regulations 1111, peak power requirements 1113, existing electrical
infrastructure at the facility or location 1115 or some combination
of these factors are considered. A location consideration is
whether to install a snow removal device (e.g., device 3115 of FIG.
3 or device 208 of FIG. 2), based on the average temperature and
precipitation of the location site.
[0067] The product is then installed 1117 at the location according
to an installation layout. Orientation 1119 of the units or modules
is adjusted and snow removal device installed 1121 if desirable. If
the location is a disaster site, 1123 many of the considerations
and decisions may be made at the install site depending on the
conditions and resources available. The installation layout can
include a designation indicating the local for specific ones of the
solar power, electricity generating units.
[0068] FIG. 12 shows a diagrammatic representation of a computing
device for a machine in the example electronic form of a computer
system 1400, within which a set of instructions for causing the
machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed
herein can be executed. The computer system 1400 can be used to
receive information about a proposed installation of solar energy
units as described herein. The computer system 1400 can process
these orders to determine an efficient installation layout and, if
needed, determine the number of units and accessory equipment
required for installation. In various example embodiments, the
machine operates as a standalone device or can be connected (e.g.,
networked) to other machines. In a networked deployment, the
machine can operate in the capacity of a server or a client machine
in a server-client network environment, or as a peer machine in a
peer-to-peer (or distributed) network environment. The machine can
be a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a set-top box (STB), a
Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a cellular telephone, a portable
music player (e.g., a portable hard drive audio device such as an
Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer 3 (MP3) player, a web
appliance, a network router, a switch, a bridge, or any machine
capable of executing a set of instructions (sequential or
otherwise) that specify actions to be taken by that machine.
Further, while only a single machine is illustrated, the term
"machine" shall also be taken to include any collection of machines
that individually or jointly execute a set (or multiple sets) of
instructions to perform any one or more of the methodologies
discussed herein.
[0069] The example computer system 1400 includes a processor or
multiple processors 1402 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a
graphics processing unit (GPU), or both), and a main memory 1404
and a static memory 1406, which communicate with each other via a
bus 1408. The computer system 1400 can further include a video
display unit 1410 (e.g., a liquid crystal displays (LCD) or a
cathode ray tube (CRT)). The computer system 1400 also includes an
alphanumeric input device 1412 (e.g., a keyboard), a cursor control
device 1414 (e.g., a mouse), a disk drive unit 1416, a signal
generation device 1418 (e.g., a speaker) and a network interface
device 1420.
[0070] The disk drive unit 1416 includes a computer-readable medium
1422 on which is stored one or more sets of instructions and data
structures (e.g., instructions 1424) embodying or utilized by any
one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. The
instructions 1424 can also reside, completely or at least
partially, within the main memory 1404 and/or within the processors
1402 during execution thereof by the computer system 1400. The main
memory 1404 and the processors 1402 also constitute
machine-readable media.
[0071] The instructions 1424 can further be transmitted or received
over a network 1426 via the network interface device 1420 utilizing
any one of a number of well-known transfer protocols (e.g., Hyper
Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP), CAN, Serial, or Modbus).
[0072] While the computer-readable medium 1422 is shown in an
example embodiment to be a single medium, the term
"computer-readable medium" should be taken to include a single
medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed
database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the one
or more sets of instructions. The term "computer-readable medium"
shall also be taken to include any medium that is capable of
storing, encoding, or carrying a set of instructions for execution
by the machine and that causes the machine to perform any one or
more of the methodologies of the present application, or that is
capable of storing, encoding, or carrying data structures utilized
by or associated with such a set of instructions. The term
"computer-readable medium" shall accordingly be taken to include,
but not be limited to, solid-state memories, optical and magnetic
media, and carrier wave signals. Such media can also include,
without limitation, hard disks, floppy disks, flash memory cards,
digital video disks, random access memory (RAMs), read only memory
(ROMs), and the like.
[0073] The example embodiments described herein can be implemented
in an operating environment comprising computer-executable
instructions (e.g., software) installed on a computer, in hardware,
or in a combination of software and hardware. The
computer-executable instructions can be written in a computer
programming language or can be embodied in firmware logic. If
written in a programming language conforming to a recognized
standard, such instructions can be executed on a variety of
hardware platforms and for interfaces to a variety of operating
systems. Although not limited thereto, computer software programs
for implementing the present method can be written in any number of
suitable programming languages such as, for example, Hyper text
Markup Language (HTML), Dynamic HTML, Extensible Markup Language
(XML), Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL), Document Style
Semantics and Specification Language (DSSSL), Cascading Style
Sheets (CSS), Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL),
Wireless Markup Language (WML), Java.TM., Jini.TM., C, C++, Perl,
UNIX Shell, Visual Basic or Visual Basic Script, Virtual Reality
Markup Language (VRML), ColdFusion.TM. or other compilers,
assemblers, interpreters or other computer languages or
platforms.
[0074] FIG. 13 illustrates an example environment 1300, within
which information reporting can be implemented. As shown in FIG.
13, the example environment 1300 comprises at least one solar power
generating energy unit 1320, which can, in turn, include an
installed monitoring system 1325. The monitoring system 1325 can
collect, store, receive, (and possibly process) and transmit
various information related to the solar generating energy unit
1325. The monitoring system 1325 can integrate a GPS transceiver,
cellular/satellite transceiver, local wireless technology, and/or
various computing technologies into a single data processing
system. The monitoring system 1325 can sense weather conditions,
sense events, sense operating data for the solar energy unit, send
data and messages from the solar power energy unit 1320 to a
monitoring system service provider 1350 running software
specifically designed to process this type of information. The
monitoring system 1325 can process information and make decisions
on maintenance of the solar energy unit. The monitoring system 1325
can also receive messages sent from the monitoring system service
provider 1350.
[0075] The environment 1300 can include a satellite network 1340
and/or a cellular network 1330, both of which can be utilized for
transmitting and receiving operational data to and from the
monitoring system 1325. The network 1330 can also be a short range
wireless network used by computer systems. The satellite network
1330 and/or the cellular network 1330 can also receive and transmit
the positional and operational data from a monitoring system
service provider 1350. The monitoring system service provider 1350
can include dedicated circuitry or a general purpose computer
configurable to make the information collected at the monitoring
system 1325 available through an open architecture interface, such
as an Application Programming Interface (API). The environment 1300
can also include a computer network or other electrical
communication network 1310. The network 1310 can be a network of
data processing nodes that are interconnected for the purpose of
data communication (e.g., a global computer network, such as the
Internet).
[0076] The monitoring system provider 1350 is communicatively
coupled to the network 1310. A monitoring system processor 1315,
illustrated within the environment 1300, can be communicatively
coupled to the network 1310 as well. The monitoring system
processor 1315 can be utilized to access and pull the positional
and operational data associated with the solar energy unit(s) 1320
via the open architecture interface. Various communication
protocols (e.g., Web Services) can be utilized in the
communications occurring between the monitoring system processor
1315 and the monitoring system service provider 1350. The
monitoring system service provider 1350 can utilize intelligent
data processing as well as software to make the information
available via the network 1310.
[0077] While as illustrated as two separated systems, in an
example, the monitoring system provider 1350 and the monitoring
system processor 1315 can be integrated and communication between
the two systems occur as the unit 1320 is being monitored.
[0078] The monitoring system processor 1315 can be communicatively
coupled to a database 1310, in which the monitoring system
processor 1315 can periodically store results after processing of
the information received from the monitoring system provider 1350.
The monitoring system processor 1315 can include various modules,
which can include hardware, software or combinations thereof. The
modules of the monitoring system processor 1315 can be utilized to
perform various operations discussed herein.
[0079] The monitoring system processor 1315 is optionally
associated with an operator 1370 operating the monitoring system
processor 1315 via a computer 1360. The computer 1360 can include a
Graphical User Interface (GUI) facilitating display and
manipulation of the monitoring system processor 1315. The computer
1360 can also enable the operator 1370 to view and manipulate
reports 1382 that can be used to manage and monitor one or more of
the solar energy units associated with the authorized user. The
monitoring computer can be remote and the graphics being displayed
can be over a computer network. The reports can relate to the solar
energy unit usage, performance, efficiency, location of unit,
position of the photovoltaic panel relative to the sun's path. The
reports 1382 can include an electrical energy production report.
The reports 1382 can include a weather report. The reports 1382 can
also include a maintenance report. The maintenance report can
include a record of the solar energy unit 1320 maintenance
history.
[0080] The monitoring system processor 1315 can provide the reports
1382 to an authorized user 1390 via the network 1310. The
authorized user 1390 can view the reports 1382 using a general
purpose computer 1380 or any other device providing an ability to
view the reports 1382. In some example embodiments, the monitoring
system processor 1315 can send copies of the reports 1382 to the
authorized user 1390 attached or embedded in a body of an
electronic email. The reports 1382 are based on the information
initially provided by the monitoring system 1325.
[0081] FIG. 13 shows a data communication system that couples the
various devices together and can be used to control maintenance of
solar energy units, snow removal operation, confirm installation
data, and/or perform any of the methods or processes described
herein. The network 1310 is a communication network, for example a
global computer network, and in an example is preferably the
Internet, but can be any network capable of communicating data
between devices can be used with the present system. In addition to
the Internet, suitable networks can also include or interface with
any one or more of, for instance, an local intranet, a PAN
(Personal Area Network), a LAN (Local Area Network), a WAN (Wide
Area Network), a MAN (Metropolitan Area Network), a virtual private
network (VPN), a storage area network (SAN), a frame relay
connection, an Advanced Intelligent Network (AIN) connection, a
synchronous optical network (SONET) connection, a digital T1, T3,
E1 or E3 line, Digital Data Service (DDS) connection, DSL (Digital
Subscriber Line) connection, an Ethernet connection, an ISDN
(Integrated Services Digital Network) line, a dial-up port such as
a V.90, V.34 or V.34 bis analog modem connection, a cable modem, an
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) connection, or an FDDI (Fiber
Distributed Data Interface) or CDDI (Copper Distributed Data
Interface) connection. Furthermore, communications can also include
links to any of a variety of wireless networks, including WAP
(Wireless Application Protocol), GPRS (General Packet Radio
Service), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication), CDMA (Code
Division Multiple Access) or TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access),
cellular phone networks, GPS (Global Positioning System), CDPD
(cellular digital packet data), RIM (Research in Motion, Limited)
duplex paging network, Bluetooth radio, or an IEEE 802.11-based
radio frequency network. The network 110 can further include or
interface with any one or more of an RS-232 serial connection, an
IEEE-1394 (Firewire) connection, a Fiber Channel connection, an
IrDA (infrared) port, a SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface)
connection, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) connection or other wired
or wireless, digital or analog interface or connection, mesh or
Digi.RTM. networking.
[0082] The above disclosure refers to position navigation systems
and Global Positioning System (GPS). It is within the scope of the
present invention to use other types of navigational positioning
systems. Other systems can include Beidou, COMPASS, Galileo,
GLONASS, Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS), or
QZSS. Moreover, these systems can use Real Time Kinematic (RTK)
satellite navigation to provide the real-time corrections of the
positioning signal down to a meter or centimeter level of accuracy.
The systems can also use differential correction signals in North
American from the FAA's WAAS satellites. Accordingly, references
herein solely to GPS should be read to as general position
navigation systems.
[0083] Examples as described herein can provide an improved method
and system to provide electricity from solar energy. The
standardization of the individual modules (e.g., solar units)
simplifies the installation and can provide automated layouts that
can be efficiently installed. The individual modules can be less
than three models. In an example, there is only one module that has
a controller, which can operate as an interconnect between other
like modules and at least one controller operates as an interface
to the external circuitry, e.g., utility grid or site electrical
systems.
[0084] The controller as described herein matches the output from
the solar energy units to the load. The controller can match the
output to a split phase, 3 phase (208 volt 480 volt, or 277 volt),
120 Volt/single phase, or switching between any of these power
forms. Other power forms can also be sensed and matched.
[0085] The present disclosure shows a modular, portable solar
energy unit that is mounted to a frame. The units are standardized
so that installation is easy. The frame can be mounted on wheels
that allow the unit to move. In a further example, the frame, and
hence the solar unit, can be delivered on a truck bed in a manner
similar to that shown in US Patent Application Publication No.
2011/0132353 titled TRANSPORTABLE MULTI-CONFIGURABLE SELF-BALLASTED
MODULAR SOLAR POWER UNIT, which is hereby incorporated by reference
unless the incorporation by reference conflicts with the present
explicit disclosure herein. In various examples, any such power
unit would include various features disclosed herein, including but
not limited to a controller and the ability to plug and play, e.g.,
connect and deploy, a plurality of solar power units in daisy chain
configuration with one connection from the plurality of solar power
units to the grid power or the building power.
[0086] Although embodiments have been described with reference to
specific example embodiments, it will be evident that various
modifications and changes can be made to these example embodiments
without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the present
application. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be
regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
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