U.S. patent application number 14/157237 was filed with the patent office on 2014-07-17 for contextual mapping based learning by converting information.
This patent application is currently assigned to Nokia Corporation. The applicant listed for this patent is Nokia Corporation. Invention is credited to Kaisa KAUTTO-KOIVULA, Tomi KONKONEN.
Application Number | 20140201611 14/157237 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 24721174 |
Filed Date | 2014-07-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140201611 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
KAUTTO-KOIVULA; Kaisa ; et
al. |
July 17, 2014 |
CONTEXTUAL MAPPING BASED LEARNING BY CONVERTING INFORMATION
Abstract
A method, network server, communication device and system of
preparing a pictorial representation of information. The system
comprises a server for providing information and generating the
pictorial representation, a wireless network for communicating said
server over the air waves, and wireless terminals of said wireless
network for receiving the information and making mark-ups or
indications to the information from which the pictorial
representation is created.
Inventors: |
KAUTTO-KOIVULA; Kaisa;
(Espoo, FI) ; KONKONEN; Tomi; (Espoo, FI) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Nokia Corporation |
Espoo |
|
FI |
|
|
Assignee: |
Nokia Corporation
Espoo
FI
|
Family ID: |
24721174 |
Appl. No.: |
14/157237 |
Filed: |
January 16, 2014 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
09678050 |
Oct 3, 2000 |
8676921 |
|
|
14157237 |
|
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
715/205 ;
715/738 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06F 3/0484 20130101;
G09B 19/18 20130101; G06F 40/134 20200101; G09B 5/00 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
715/205 ;
715/738 |
International
Class: |
G06F 3/0484 20060101
G06F003/0484; G06F 17/22 20060101 G06F017/22 |
Claims
1. A method comprising: in response to one or more user indications
onto information displayed as at least one part of a visual
presentation, retrieving and categorizing the information at a
wireless terminal; causing, at least in part, generation of an
outline of the information based, at least in part, on
categorization; causing, at least in part, a pictorial
representation of the information at the wireless terminal based
upon the outline; and causing, at least in part, conversion of the
pictorial representation back to the outline of the information in
response to a user selection.
2. A method of claim 1, further comprising: identifying and
authorizing the wireless terminal, a server, one or more other
wireless terminals, or a combination thereof, with one or more
privilege levels for modifying the one or more user indications,
the information, the outline, the pictorial representation, or a
combination thereof, wherein one or more headings in the outline
are hyperlinked to one or more portions of the information,
additional text input by a user, or a combination thereof, and
wherein the pictorial representation includes one or more
conceptual maps of nodes connected with logic links.
3. A method of claim 2, further comprising: receiving one or more
marked-up keywords, one or more marked-up textual sections, or a
combination thereof from the wireless terminal, the server, the one
or more other wireless terminals, or a combination thereof, as the
one or more user indications including one or more highlights, one
or more underlines, one or more demarcations, or a combination
thereof
4. A method of claim 2, further comprising: causing, at least in
part, transmission of the categorization, the outline, the
pictorial representation, or a combination thereof, to the server,
the one or more other wireless terminals, or a combination thereof,
wherein the information includes one or more electronically-stored
documents, one or more paper documents, multimedia data, or a
combination thereof causing, at least in part, a pictorial
representation at the one or more other wireless terminals, based,
at least in part, on the transmission; and causing, at least in
part, conversion of the pictorial representation at the one or more
other wireless terminals back to the outline of the information in
response to a user selection, wherein the transmission is further
based, at least in part, upon the one or more privilege levels.
5. A method of claim 2, wherein the categorization, the outline,
and the pictorial representation are processed at the wireless
terminal and one or more other wireless terminals independently
from a central server, and the one or more conceptual maps are
transmitted and revised among the wireless terminal and the one or
more other wireless terminals without involving the central server,
and the method further comparing: identifying and authorizing the
wireless terminal, the one or more other wireless terminals, or a
combination thereof, with one or more privilege levels for
modifying the one or more user indications, the information, the
outline, the pictorial representation, or a combination thereof
6. A method of claim 5, further comprising: determining the at
least one of the one or more user indications is not authorized;
proposing one or more changes to the at least one user indication;
and causing, at least in part, transmission of the proposed one or
more changes to a master wireless terminal among the wireless
terminal and the one or more user indications.
7. A method of claim 6, further comprising: receiving an acceptance
message of the proposed one or more changes from the master
wireless terminal, wherein the pictorial representation is
generated based, at least in part, on the proposed one or more
changes.
8. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least
one memory including computer program code for one or more
programs, the at least one memory and the computer program code
configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus
to perform at least the following, in response to one or more user
indications onto information displayed as at least one part of a
visual presentation, retrieve and categorize the information at a
wireless terminal; cause, at least in part, generation of an
outline of the information based, at least in part, on
categorization; cause, at least in part, a pictorial representation
of the information at the wireless terminal based upon the outline;
and cause, at least in part, conversion of the pictorial
representation back to the outline of the information in response
to a user selection.
9. An apparatus of claim 8, wherein the apparatus is further caused
to: identify and authorize the wireless terminal, a server, one or
more other wireless terminals, or a combination thereof, with one
or more privilege levels for modifying the one or more user
indications, the information, the outline, the pictorial
representation, or a combination thereof, wherein one or more
headings in the outline are hyperlinked to one or more portions of
the information, additional text input by a user, or a combination
thereof, and wherein the pictorial representation includes one or
more conceptual maps of nodes connected with logic links.
10. An apparatus of claim 9, wherein the apparatus is further
caused to: receive one or more marked-up keywords, one or more
marked-up textual sections, or a combination thereof from the
wireless terminal, the server, the one or more other wireless
terminals, or a combination thereof, as the one or more user
indications including one or more highlights, one or more
underlines, one or more demarcations, or a combination thereof.
11. An apparatus of claim 9, wherein the apparatus is further
caused to: cause, at least in part, transmission of the
categorization, the outline, the pictorial representation, or a
combination thereof, to the server, the one or more other wireless
terminals, or a combination thereof, wherein the information
includes one or more electronically-stored documents, one or more
paper documents, multimedia data, or a combination thereof cause,
at least in part, a pictorial representation at the one or more
other wireless terminals, based, at least in part, on the
transmission; and cause, at least in part, conversion of the
pictorial representation at the one or more other wireless
terminals back to the outline of the information in response to a
user selection, wherein the transmission is further based, at least
in part, upon the one or more privilege levels.
12. An apparatus of claim 9, wherein the categorization, the
outline, and the pictorial representation are processed at the
wireless terminal and one or more other wireless terminals
independently from a central server, and the one or more conceptual
maps are transmitted and revised among the wireless terminal and
the one or more other wireless terminals without involving the
central server, and wherein the apparatus is further caused to:
identify and authorize the wireless terminal, the one or more other
wireless terminals, or a combination thereof, with one or more
privilege levels for modifying the one or more user indications,
the information, the outline, the pictorial representation, or a
combination thereof
13. An apparatus of claim 12, wherein the apparatus is further
caused to: determine the at least one of the one or more user
indications is not authorized; propose one or more changes to the
at least one user indication; and cause, at least in part,
transmission of the proposed one or more changes to a master
wireless terminal among the wireless terminal and the one or more
user indications.
14. An apparatus of claim 13, wherein the apparatus is further
caused to: receive an acceptance message of the proposed one or
more changes from the master wireless terminal, wherein the
pictorial representation is generated based, at least in part, on
the proposed one or more changes.
15. A computer-readable storage medium carrying one or more
sequences of one or more instructions which, when executed by one
or more processors, cause an apparatus to at least perform the
following steps: in response to one or more user indications onto
information displayed as at least one part of a visual
presentation, retrieving and categorizing the information at a
wireless terminal; causing, at least in part, generation of an
outline of the information based, at least in part, on
categorization; causing, at least in part, a pictorial
representation of the information at the wireless terminal based
upon the outline; and causing, at least in part, conversion of the
pictorial representation back to the outline of the information in
response to a user selection.
16. A computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the
apparatus is caused to further perform: identifying and authorizing
the wireless terminal, a server, one or more other wireless
terminals, or a combination thereof, with one or more privilege
levels for modifying the one or more user indications, the
information, the outline, the pictorial representation, or a
combination thereof, wherein one or more headings in the outline
are hyperlinked to one or more portions of the information,
additional text input by a user, or a combination thereof, and
wherein the pictorial representation includes one or more
conceptual maps of nodes connected with logic links.
17. A computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the
apparatus is caused to further perform: receiving one or more
marked-up keywords, one or more marked-up textual sections, or a
combination thereof from the wireless terminal, the server, the one
or more other wireless terminals, or a combination thereof, as the
one or more user indications including one or more highlights, one
or more underlines, one or more demarcations, or a combination
thereof
18. A computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the
apparatus is caused to further perform: causing, at least in part,
transmission of the categorization, the outline, the pictorial
representation, or a combination thereof, to the server, the one or
more other wireless terminals, or a combination thereof, wherein
the information includes one or more electronically-stored
documents, one or more paper documents, multimedia data, or a
combination thereof; causing, at least in part, a pictorial
representation at the one or more other wireless terminals, based,
at least in part, on the transmission; and causing, at least in
part, conversion of the pictorial representation at the one or more
other wireless terminals back to the outline of the information in
response to a user selection, wherein the transmission is further
based, at least in part, upon the one or more privilege levels.
19. A computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the
categorization, the outline, and the pictorial representation are
processed at the wireless terminal and one or more other wireless
terminals independently from a central server, and the one or more
conceptual maps are transmitted and revised among the wireless
terminal and the one or more other wireless terminals without
involving the central server, and wherein the apparatus is caused
to further perform: identifying and authorizing the wireless
terminal, the one or more other wireless terminals, or a
combination thereof, with one or more privilege levels for
modifying the one or more user indications, the information, the
outline, the pictorial representation, or a combination
thereof.
20. A computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein the
apparatus is caused to further perform: determining the at least
one of the one or more user indications is not authorized;
proposing one or more changes to the at least one user indication;
and causing, at least in part, transmission of the proposed one or
more changes to a master wireless terminal among the wireless
terminal and the one or more user indications.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The invention relates to an educational or demonstration
method and system whereby a pictorial representation of selected
items or concepts in a presentation or a description may be
generated using a user's indications. It is further preferably, but
not restricted to, used collaboratively by making the presentation
by multiple participants communicating with one another. The
invention is suited especially, though not necessarily, for
wireless communication.
[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0004] Different people organize and record information in
different ways. Usually, a person learns to adopt the
organizational methodology by which he or she best learns,
understands and remembers the content he or she is organizing. For
example, some people organize and record information best by
outlining the information in list form; others prefer to describe
the same information that might be placed in an ordinary list using
figures. This presentation by figures (i.e., pictorial
representations) demonstrating the interrelationship of
information, such as the interrelationship of various topics,
concepts, or persons, has been termed by some as "mapping" of the
information.
[0005] Various prior art software programs may be used to create a
presentation by figures ("map" or "figure") in lieu of a
conventional outline. This map may show one or more nodes and
branches emanating from the branches, each branch devoted to a
group of related information, such as related concepts and
sub-concepts. See, e.g., a picture in FIG. 7 which was created
using the mapping program known as Mind Manager from MindJET, LLC
of Sausalito, California (Web site: http://www.mindmanager.com).
The branches may then be further subdivided into sub-branches to
illustrate more detailed topics or ideas within the related concept
for the respective branch. Graphical tools, such as illustrations
of various kinds and coding (e.g. similar colors to connect related
concepts, and different colors for disparate concepts, etc.), can
be incorporated into the map to help illustrate the information and
to assist in creating a presentation that is more easily understood
and remembered. Other graphical tools available in the software may
also be used to enhance the appearance of the map according to a
user's preferences.
[0006] These prior art programs may have limited versatility
because textual entries on the map must be manually entered on a
keyboard of a computer into the map and cannot be imported from an
existing document. This can take time and attract user's attention
away from, for example, studying. Moreover, persons using this
software may work together on the preparation of the map over the
Internet only from a fixed terminal, such as a personal computer
connected to the Internet, but not from a wireless or mobile
terminal, where the capabilities, such as the location of the
terminal, are not so heavily restricted. Also, while making the
map, users may only have a limited possibility of communicating
when using prior art programs. The transmission path in a wireless
environment has more restrictions, including limited transmission
capabilities, and the currently high transmission costs. Therefore,
there is a need for an easy and cheap method and system enabling
wireless terminals to be utilized for this kind of invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to
enable a user and provide a system to generate a graphical figure
that is a pictorial presentation of certain selected portions or
concepts of information by making at least one indication to
categorize the information in certain ways.
[0008] According to the present invention, a system is created for
preparing a pictorial representation of information which includes,
but is not limited to knowledge, whether comprising text or other
data, without having to retype the text of the information onto the
pictorial representation. The system includes a first terminal on
which the information to be analyzed is viewable. Using an input
device at the first terminal, a user is able to demarcate a
selected portion or portions of the document by making an
indication, such as by highlighting or underlining key words, or by
partitioning the document into sections. The user may also assign
each respective selected portion of the document to a category from
a predefined or user-specified set of categories. The information
concerning the demarcation of the selected portions of the
information, such as the document, and the assignment of each
respective selected portion of the document to a category is
transmitted from the first terminal to a server. The first terminal
may be a wireless terminal (the terms "mobile terminal" and
"wireless terminal" are used herein interchangeably) in which case
the transmission is from the wireless terminal to a first wireless
communications network with which the wireless terminal has a link,
and the first wireless communications network transfers this
information to the server, which may be a Web server accessible
via/by the Internet.
[0009] The Web server stores the information from the first
terminal and uses it to generate the pictorial presentation. The
pictorial illustration generated is then transmitted to the first
terminal and/or other wireless or fixed terminals where others may
make changes or suggest changes to the pictorial representation.
Changes are forwarded to the Web server where they are processed if
a user who makes the changes has permission, such as read/write
privileges, to make the changes. A revised pictorial representation
is then sent to the first terminal and/or other terminals for
review and possible further changes. The transmission from the Web
server to the wireless terminals may be via the wireless
communications network or networks through which the wireless
terminals communicate with the Web server or by any other ways such
as broadcasting the pictorial representation for receipt by the
various participants who are given authority to suggest or make
revisions to the pictorial representation of the document.
[0010] The map may also be generated in the wireless terminal and
after the generation transferred to the Web server. The Web server
transfers the map to the first terminal and/or other wireless or
fixed terminals where others may make or suggest changes to the
pictorial representation. The wireless terminal may also transfer
the indications or mark-ups concerning the demarcation of the
selected portions of the information, such as the document, to the
Web server. Now, the Web server has the document also and can
generate the map according to the indications or mark-ups made by
the user.
[0011] Users of the system can be physically situated anywhere in
the coverage area of the networks and use the wireless network to
study online collectively. Moreover, because one is able to select
words in an existing document to form a pictorial representation or
the map, users are more easily able to create the map and the users
can focus on the content and not on entering or keying in the
information or notes. This allows users to learn, remember, and
understand the content better and more effectively.
[0012] Other object and features of the present invention will
become apparent from the following detailed description considered
in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is understood,
however, that the drawings and the description are designed solely
for purposes of illustration and not as a definition of the limits
of the invention, for which reference should be made to the
appended claims. It should be further understood that the drawings
are not necessarily drawn to scale and that, unless otherwise
indicated, they are merely intended to conceptually illustrate and
procedures described herein.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] In the drawings:
[0014] The method and the apparatus according to the invention will
be described in more detail by means of preferred embodiments, with
reference to the appended drawings in which:
[0015] FIG. 1 depicts a block diagram of a system architecture used
by the embodiment of the invention;
[0016] FIG. 2 depicts a block diagram of a wireless terminal
showing components used in the embodiment of the invention in the
terminal;
[0017] FIG. 3 depicts a block diagram of a server having elements
used in the embodiment of the invention in the server;
[0018] FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate a flow chart of the steps for
performing the method according to the embodiment of the
invention;
[0019] FIG. 5 illustrates a flow chart of the steps for performing
the method in the terminal according to the embodiment of the
invention;
[0020] FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate an outline of demarcation
indications in a list mode;
[0021] FIG. 7 depicts a pictorial representation of the concepts
outlined in FIGS. 6A and 6B shown graphically; and
[0022] FIG. 8 depicts one example of the creation of the pictorial
presentation according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENTLY PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0023] Referring to FIG. 1, a system for implementing the present
invention provides one or more users with wireless terminals 100,
110, 120 such as a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant
(PDA), or another terminal that wirelessly links to a wireless
communications network, for example, a mobile or wireless network.
The wireless terminals 100, 110, 120 are capable of presenting data
information in various ways such as text, voice, audio, and
multimedia. The wireless terminals 100, 110, 120 may be connected
or be under coverage of one or more mobile networks. FIG. 1
illustrates an example where terminals 100 and 110 are connected to
a mobile network 130 and the terminal 120 is connected to a mobile
network 140. The mobile networks 130 and 140 may be any type of
wireless communication network or combination of networks,
including, but not limited to, GSM (Global Standard for
Mobile/Groupe Speciale Mobile), GPRS (General Packet Radio System),
UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephone System) or 3G (Third generation of
mobile communications), where 3G can be compatible with GSM, HSCSD
(High Speed Circuit Switched Data), GPRS, EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates
for Global/GSM Evolution) and WCDMA (Wideband Code Division
Multiple Access). Various other network system can also be
supported in 3G, such as CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), PDC
(Personal Digital Communications), and CDMA2000. The mobile
networks 130 and 140 may also be WLAN (Wireless Local Area
Network). The transmission may also be broadcast via DAB (Digital
Audio Broadcasting) or DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting).
[0024] Wireless terminals 100, 120, 130 communicate with a Web
server 150 via the mobile networks 130, 140 that provide access to
the Internet 160. Thus, the mobile networks 130, 140 work as a
gateway between wireless terminals 100, 110, 120 and Web server 150
and enable wireless terminals 100, 110, 120 to communicate with the
Web server 150 even when the mobile networks are not the same
types. For example, the mobile network 120 may be a
[0025] GPRS network and the mobile network 130 may be a WCDMA
network. In addition to being accessed using the wireless terminals
100, 110, 120 Web server 150 may also be accessed over the Internet
160 using a fixed terminal 170, such as a general purpose desktop
computer, or a Web TV terminal or, although not illustrated, Web
server 150 may be connected directly to mobile networks 130, 140 or
be a part of the mobile networks so that the Web server 150 can be
accessed by wireless terminals 100, 110, 120 without passing
through the Internet 160.
[0026] Referring to FIG. 2, the wireless terminal 100, for example,
(wireless terminals 110, 120 generally have the same components)
has various components comprising an output 180 that allows, for
example, the user to visually read information on a display. The
output 180 may also provide voice or sound of the information
through a loudspeaker (not shown), and it may also display
multimedia information such as video on the display. The wireless
terminal 100 also comprises a central processing unit (CPU) 185 to
process the information, and one or more inputs 190 for inputting
the information into the terminal. Input 190 or means for input may
be, for example, a numeric keypad, a keyboard, a software keyboard
touch screen, a touch screen (in combination with the output 180),
a mouse, a pointing device such as pointing pen, etc. The wireless
terminal comprises also a network transceiver 197 that is used in
communication with the mobile networks, a memory 195 and a data
storage 196. The data storage 196 can be, for example, a hard disk
magnetic or optical storage unit, as well as a CD-ROM drive or a
flash memory. The data storage 196 can also be used to store and
retrieve the generated map, especially if the wireless terminal is
capable of processing and storing large amounts of data. The
wireless terminal can also have a mapping program tool to generate
the map as will be described in the process step 430 in FIG.
4A.
[0027] Referring to FIG. 3, the web server 150 also comprises
components to be used in the invention. The web server 150
comprises a mapping program tool 152 that is used in generating and
processing the map as will be described later in process step 435
in FIG. 4A, a document database 153 that has the information, such
as a document database, from which the map is created, a user ID
registration 154 that is used to identify and authorize users and
set their privileges to modify the information, a communication
means 151 that is used in communication with the network, for
example, the Internet 160 or the mobile network 130, 140, and a map
database 155 that can be used to store and retrieve the generated
map. The mapping program tool can be a software application that
utilizes the partitions, indications, key words or sections of the
document as received to generate a map, such as map 700 shown in
FIG. 7. Software which uses the received data from the wireless
terminal 100 to create the map is known to one of ordinary skill in
the art. An example of such software is the MindManager program.
The mapping program tool can also link a document from document
database 153 to the corresponding map from map database 155.
[0028] Utilizing the system of FIG. 1, the method of the present
invention proceeds according to the steps shown in the flow chart
of FIGS. 4A and 4B. The method starts at step 400. At step 405, the
information, such as text document, appears on the output 180, for
example a display, of the wireless terminal 100. (For illustrative
purposes, terminal 100 is described as initiating the procedure;
any other terminal, such as terminals 110, 120, 170 may be
substituted). The document information may be manually input
through the input 190 or it may be loaded onto the terminal 100
through another input means such as a storage media or via/by the
Internet. The wireless terminal, 100 may also be able to retrieve
the document information according to users' search queries from
the server 150. The contents of the document information are
transferred to the wireless terminal 100 in one of various ways,
such as by transmission from the Web server 150 via the Internet
160 and the wireless communications network 130 in response to a
user request, by broadcasting to the wireless terminal 100, or by
loading the document information locally at the wireless terminal
100 into the memory 195 or into the data storage 196. The user of
the wireless terminal 100 reviews the document information on the
output 180 such as a display, at step 410, and where the generation
of a pictorial representation of the contents of the document
information is deemed appropriate, analyzes how the contents of the
documents information might be presented in a map or in the form
that is easy to piece together. The document may, for example, be
best categorized by partitioning certain segments of the content
into logical segments that can be separately categorized, and, if
the contents can be partitioned, the user demarcates and makes
indications where to insert the partitions and/or what to
indicate.
[0029] For example, in a text document discussing three topics, the
user indicates where topics change using the input 190. The user
can additionally, or in the alternative, determine key (i.e.,
important) words or sections in the text of the document that best
reflects the ideas in the text and can be used to outline the key
concepts therein. The user selects and demarcates these portions of
the document, i.e., the key words or sections, using the input 190
by underlining, highlighting, or otherwise selecting them and then
assigns the selected words or sections to a category by any
mechanism for categorization, such as by topic, either by
explicitly selecting a predefined or user-defined category by the
title of the category or by choosing a number that denotes the
desired category. A color can also be used to indicate the
categorization. The wireless terminal 100 can have a menu from
which the categorization is controlled. The menu has multiple
category levels and ways of performing the categorization.
[0030] Thus, the categorization can be automated that the wireless
terminal 100 controls it while the user makes the indications
and/or demarcation, or the user can control the categorization.
[0031] After partitioning the selections of text and/or demarcating
and categorizing the key words or selections, the next step
comprises selecting a way of generating the maps at step 415. 1)
The map can be generated by transferring the mark-ups or
indications to the web server 150 at step 420 and then the map is
generated in the web server 150 at step 435 by the mapping program
tool 152. 2) Alternatively, the map can be generated by compiling
the entire document file with mark-ups/indications at step 425 and
then transferring the file having the compiled indications to the
web server 150 at step 440. 3) Alternatively, the map can be
generated by map generation in the wireless terminal 100 at step
430 where the map-generating tool is included in the wireless
terminal 100. The map is then transferred to the web server 150
which transmits the map to predetermined possible collaborators,
such as other terminals, at step 455. In possibilities 1) and 2),
the map is transferred to every terminal that is granted access to
utilize the map, that is the user (master) and collaborators at
step 450. The transmissions are via/by mobile networks 130, 140 and
the Internet 160 depending where the terminal is in the system
architecture. Wireless terminals 100, 110, 120 have a radio link
125 to the pertinent mobile network 130 or 140.
[0032] As one example, a user at the wireless terminal 100 marks-up
a text document (not shown) and causes the generation of the
Learning Method outline of FIGS. 6A and 6B. The markings on the
document demarcate the text shown in the outline as text to be
pictorially represented on the map and the text is categorized by
the user at the wireless terminal 100 to create the number scheme
shown in the outline. The user may alter the order of the
categorization, thereby altering the order (for example, the number
scheme) in which the mark-ups will appear in the map 700. The
outline is input into the mapping program tool 152, such as
MindManager program, which transforms the outline of FIGS. 6A and
6B into the map 700 shown in FIG. 7. Thus, the headings of the
Learning Methods outline of FIGS. 6A and 6B, including the headings
"1. By Imitation", "2. By told", "3. By collaboration", "4. By
self-study from resources", "5. By doing", "6. By all senses", and
their respective sub-headings 1.1-1-3, 2.1-2-5, 3.1-3.15, 4.1-4.10,
5.1-5.4.4, and 6.1-6.6, are mapped onto map 700 of FIG. 7 as
branches 710, 720, 730, 740, 750, 760 emanating from the central
node 705 labeled "Learning Methods". Sub-branches, 711, 721, 731,
741, 751, 761 extend from the branches 710, 720, 730, 740, 750,
760, respectively to illustrate respective sub-headings 1.1-1-3,
2.1-2-5, 3.1-3.15, 4.1-4.10, 5.1-5.4.4, and 6.1-6.6. Additional
pictures 770, 772, 774, 776a, 776b, 778, 780 representative of the
various headings 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 are inserted next to the
respective links 710, 720, 730, 740, 750, 760 as devices to help
people more quickly understand and remember the concepts
illustrated in FIG. 7. The graphical tools available in the
software are then used by the user to enhance the appearance of the
map according to the user's preferences. Each heading may
optionally be a hyperlink pointing to the portions(s) of the
original text associated with the heading or pointing to the
additional text user has input. The map 700 may also be converted
back to the list mode shown in the FIGS. 6A and 6B.
[0033] Sending the map 700 to the collaborators offers these users
an opportunity to make changes and improve upon the map 700.
Preferably, the user at wireless terminal 100 who initially
marks-up/indicates the document to generate the map 700 will be the
"master user" who identifies to the server 150 the other authorized
users (actually the authorized "wireless terminals" used by those
users) who may access or be sent map 700 and who control the
privileges of the other users, including the other users' level of
access to the document, such as whether read and write or read only
privileges are granted. The users at terminals 110, 120, 170 who
did not originate the marked-up/indicated version of the documents,
including the partitioning of the sections and selection of the key
words or sections, may receive read only privileges. In this
instance, the users at terminals 110, 120, 170 can collaborate on
preparing the map 700 only by sending suggestions, such as by
email, chatting through the networks, or by talking using a phone
or the terminal, to the primary user at the terminal 100. Read and
write privileges permit the receiver of these privileges to make
these changes directly on the map 700.
[0034] The users can be queried or suggest whether they have any
changes to suggest or enter, depending on their level of privileges
at step 460. However, the query or suggestion is not necessary to
the process. If there are no changes, the process ends (step 465).
At step 470, if there are changes, the changes are transferred to
the Web server 150. The changes are automatically entered onto the
map 700 if the person who transmitted them has write privileges
(step 475), and the revised map 700 is sent to the users with the
changes already incorporated (step 480). Changes can be entered in
different ways. For example, they can be shown in redlining on the
map 700, or they can be entered without revision marks if all agree
on the changes. If the person transmitting the changes to the Web
server 150 at step 470 does not have write privileges (step 475),
the changes are transmitted as proposals to the other collaborators
(step 485). A person with write privileges may then accept or
reject the changes (step 490); that decision is transmitted back to
the Web server 150. An acceptance causes the changes to be entered
onto map 700 (step 480) and the revised map is sent to the various
collaborators. The process then returns to step 460, and it is
again determined whether any additional changes are proposed or
made by any of the collaborators. If additional changes are to be
made, the process returns to step 470. If there are no additional
changes, the process ends (step 465).
[0035] The original marked up document can be saved and links can
be maintained between the document and points on the map
corresponding to words or sections of the document so that when a
map user selects, for example, a picture, word, phase, or
multimedia by clicking on an item in the map 700, the corresponding
element in the document and the surrounding text or data reappears
on the output 180.
[0036] The map 700 may be transferred also from wireless terminal
(for example, terminal 100) to another wireless terminal (for
example any of terminals 110, 120, 170) without using server 150 or
without the Internet 160. Moreover, the map 700 may be given to any
other user that can input and view the map 700 and who has not
participated in the creation of the map 700.
[0037] As one example of the manner in which the system of FIG. 2
may be utilized, the method of the present invention proceeds in
wireless terminals 100, 110, 120 according to the steps shown in
the flow chart of FIG. 5. The user enters a learning function by
selecting it in the terminal (step 500). The selecting step 500 and
the selections that follow may be made by input means using the
input 190. The user is asked for document information at step 510
which the user provides preferably by entering the location of the
site from which the document may be downloaded. The document
information may be manually input through the input 190 or it may
be loaded onto the terminal 100 through another input means such as
a storage media or via/by the Internet. The contents of the
document information are transferred to the wireless terminal 100
in one of various ways, such as by transmission from the Web server
150 via the Internet 160 or the wireless communications network 130
in response to a user request, by broadcasting to the wireless
terminal 100, or by loading the document information locally at the
wireless terminal 100 into the memory 195 or the data storage 196.
After the wireless terminal 100, 110, 120 has received the document
or a requested fragment of the document, it is shown on the output
180, for example, on the display of the terminal (step 520). The
user has an option to search any map corresponding to the document
information (step 530). The user next enters a reading mode by
selecting it (step 540). The user reads/studies the document
information and, while reading, the user makes mark-ups/indications
in the document using the input 190 (step 550). After the map is
generated by the map generating means, the user can view the map by
selecting the option to view the map from the menu of the wireless
terminal's learning mode (step 560).
[0038] Map 700 thereby aids the user to learn, remember and
understand the content of, for example, a document, the various
parts of the content, and the relationship between the parts. This
learning method, commonly known as the "deep learning method", is
scientifically proven to be one of the best ways to learn and
understand a subject.
[0039] This invention is particularly useful as an educational tool
for students to collaborate on a project, such as in generating
maps of class notes saved in electric form. A group of student can
create and view the map online, thus creating online notes. The
invention is also useful when creating knowledge concepts in other
area than education. Moreover, the information from which map 700
is created can be stored along with map 700 and category
information to allow a user to click on a portion of map 700 to see
the context in which the topic or words are discussed in the
document. In this case, when using the outline, if a student in the
group wishes to review the outlined concept in greater detail or
any extra information the student has entered to that point, the
student may select an entry on the map 700 such as by clicking on
the entry, and the corresponding detailed section of notes or extra
information will appear on the output 190.
[0040] As an example, the method of the present invention proceeds
in the system according to the steps shown in the flow chart of
FIG. 8. The user is viewing text displayed on the display of the
wireless terminal 100. A piece of text information 554 having the
words to be indicated or selected (Spend, Interest, Money, Rent,
and Hobby) is displayed on the display 180 of the wireless terminal
100. While reading, the user makes mark-ups or indications, such as
underlines or highlights, to the text information (step 551). The
user sets the categorization level (such as 1. to Spend and 1.1 to
Interest, 1.2 to Money, 1.3 to Rent and 2. Hobby) and the order of
the words in the same categorization level (1.1 Interest, 1.2
Money, 1.3 Rent). The information 554, mark-ups/indications, and
categorization levels and orders are saved to a data file 555, and
wireless terminal 100 transfers the data file 555 to the Server 150
via/by mobile network 130 and Internet 160 (step 552). Where a map
is generated at the server, the data file 555 may be included in an
message comprising a header describing an address such as a URL,
and a body (or data fields) incorporating the demarcations of a
selected portion of information, making indications representing a
highlight or underline, and/or an assignment assigning the selected
portion or indication to a category. Data file 555 has the required
information to generate the map 556 that can comprise the selected
words and the categorization of the words.
[0041] Wireless terminal 100 may also send the user's
mark-ups/indications as a series of several data files 555 to
server 150. Each of the data files 555 may thus be sent online
substantially immediately after the user has made an indication to
the text and set the categorization level. In this instance, each
data file will have less information than if all of the information
were sent at a single time. For example, the first data file 555
sent may only comprise the entry "1. Spend". Server 150 generates a
map 556 according to received data file 555 by the mapping program
tool 152 (step 553). Server 150 may also generate map 556 from
several data files 555 it has received. The map may now be
transmitted to the user of the wireless terminal 100 and possibly
to the collaborators.
[0042] The user may also in one embodiment of the invention enter
knowledge or information that he or she has using the terminal 100.
The user may not necessarily have any learning material at the
wireless terminal 100 but the user enters the knowledge he or she
has into the terminal 100 using the input 190 as, for example,
words listed in FIG. 6A and 6B directly. After the user has input
the words, the map generation is similar to the other
embodiments.
[0043] Thus, while there have shown and described and pointed out
fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a
preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood that various
omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of
the devices illustrated, and in their operation, may made by those
skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the
invention. For example, it is expressly intended that all
combinations of those elements and/or method steps which perform
substantially the same function in substantially the same way to
achieve the same result are within the scope of the invention.
Moreover, it should be recognized that structures and/or elements
and/or methods steps shown and/or described in connection with any
disclosed form or embodiment of the invention may be incorporated
in any other disclosed or described or suggested form or embodiment
as a general matter of design choice.
* * * * *
References