U.S. patent application number 14/147726 was filed with the patent office on 2014-07-10 for refreshing cream foundation in gel form.
This patent application is currently assigned to L'Oreal. The applicant listed for this patent is L'Oreal. Invention is credited to Bruno BAVOUZET, Hy Si BUI, Susan HALPERN, Mohamed KANJI, Yoriko KAWARATANI, Chunhua LI, Anita Chon TONG.
Application Number | 20140194534 14/147726 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43450087 |
Filed Date | 2014-07-10 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140194534 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
BUI; Hy Si ; et al. |
July 10, 2014 |
REFRESHING CREAM FOUNDATION IN GEL FORM
Abstract
The present invention is directed to a cosmetic composition
includes (a) at least one compound selected from a sugar silicone
surfactant, a gelling agent, a polyamine and a hyperbranched
polyol; and (b) at least one polar modified polymer.
Inventors: |
BUI; Hy Si; (Piscataway,
NJ) ; KANJI; Mohamed; (Edison, NJ) ; TONG;
Anita Chon; (San Francisco, CA) ; LI; Chunhua;
(Hillsborough, NJ) ; HALPERN; Susan; (Basking
Ridge, NJ) ; BAVOUZET; Bruno; (Gentilly, FR) ;
KAWARATANI; Yoriko; (Tokyo-to, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
L'Oreal |
Paris |
|
FR |
|
|
Assignee: |
L'Oreal
Paris
FR
|
Family ID: |
43450087 |
Appl. No.: |
14/147726 |
Filed: |
January 6, 2014 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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13379691 |
Dec 21, 2011 |
8663667 |
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PCT/US10/40387 |
Jun 29, 2010 |
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14147726 |
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61221265 |
Jun 29, 2009 |
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61221291 |
Jun 29, 2009 |
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61221326 |
Jun 29, 2009 |
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61221285 |
Jun 29, 2009 |
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61221255 |
Jun 29, 2009 |
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61221400 |
Jun 29, 2009 |
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61221388 |
Jun 29, 2009 |
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61221262 |
Jun 29, 2009 |
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61221289 |
Jun 29, 2009 |
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61221295 |
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61221292 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
514/772.4 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61Q 1/06 20130101; A61Q
1/10 20130101; A61Q 19/00 20130101; A61Q 1/02 20130101; A61K 8/731
20130101; A61Q 1/12 20130101; A61K 8/8111 20130101; A61K 8/84
20130101; A61Q 1/04 20130101; A61K 8/8129 20130101; A61K 8/898
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
514/772.4 |
International
Class: |
A61K 8/84 20060101
A61K008/84; A61Q 1/12 20060101 A61Q001/12; A61K 8/81 20060101
A61K008/81 |
Claims
1-20. (canceled)
21. A method for preparing an emulsion composition comprising
combining (a) at least one aqueous phase comprising at least one a
polyamine; and (b) at least one oil phase comprising at least one
polar modified polymer to form an emulsion composition.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the oil phase comprises at
least one volatile oil.
23. The method of claim 21, wherein the oil phase comprises at
least one non-volatile oil.
24. The method of claim 21, wherein the at least one polyamine is a
branched polyalkyleneimine.
25. The method of claim 21, wherein the at least one polyamine is a
polyethyleneimine.
26. The method of claim 21, wherein the polyamine is present in an
amount of from about 0.05 to about 20% by weight, based on the
weight of the composition.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the polar modified polymer is
present in an amount of from about 1% to about 30% by weight, based
on the weight of the composition.
28. The method of claim 24, wherein the polyamine is present in an
amount of from about 0.05 to about 20% by weight, based on the
weight of the composition.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein the polar modified polymer is
present in an amount of from about 1% to about 30% by weight, based
on the weight of the composition.
30. The method of claim 25, wherein the polyamine is present in an
amount of from about 0.05 to about 20% by weight, based on the
weight of the composition.
31. The method of claim 30, wherein the polar modified polymer is
present in an amount of from about 1% to about 30% by weight, based
on the weight of the composition.
32. The method of claim 21, wherein the polar modified polymer is a
polypropylene and/or polyethylene-maleic anhydride modified
wax.
33. The method of claim 21, wherein the polar modified polymer is
an oil-soluble polar modified polymer.
34. The method of claim 21, wherein the polar modified polymer is
an oil-soluble high carbon polar modified polymer.
35. The method of claim 21, wherein the at least one aqueous phase
comprises from about 5 to about 50% by weight, based on the weight
of the composition.
36. The method of claim 32, wherein the at least one polyamine is a
branched polyalkyleneimine.
37. The method of claim 32, wherein the at least one polyamine is a
polyethyleneimine.
38. The method of claim 36, wherein the polyamine is present in an
amount of from about 0.05 to about 20% by weight, based on the
weight of the composition.
39. The method of claim 37, wherein the polyamine is present in an
amount of from about 0.05 to about 20% by weight, based on the
weight of the composition.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application is a continuation application of
U.S. Ser. No. 13/379,691, filed Dec. 21, 2011, now allowed, which
is a U.S. national stage application under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.371 of
International Application No. PCT/US10/040,387, filed Jun. 29,
2010, which claims the benefit of priority from U.S. Provisional
Application Ser. Nos. 61/221,292, 61/221,295, 61/221,377,
61/221,278, 61/221,289, 61/221,262, 61/221,388, 61/221,400,
61221,255, 61/221,285, 61/221,326, 61/221,291, and 61/221,265, all
filed Jun. 29, 2009, the entire contents of which are hereby
incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention generally relates to a novel
composition which includes: (a) at least one compound selected from
a sugar silicone surfactant, a gelling agent, a polyamine and a
hyperbranched polyol; and (b) at least one polar modified
polymer.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Many compositions, especially cosmetic compositions, have
been developed for easy and comfortable application onto a targeted
substrate. Unfortunately, many of these compositions are in fact
difficult to apply and do not possess a smooth feel upon
application. Moreover, compositions often have a tendency to feel
tacky, yielding poor application and spreadability characteristics.
Similarly, the use of silicone resins to impart transfer resistance
onto a colored cosmetic product suffers from the same disadvantages
disclosed above.
[0004] Therefore, it is desirable to provide a composition capable
of possessing a good texture and feel with moisturizing and/or long
wearing properties without the need for having to use expensive
ingredients and/or processing techniques.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] A first aspect of the present invention is directed to a
composition that includes: (a) at least one compound selected from
a sugar silicone surfactant, a gelling agent, a polyamine and a
hyperbranched polyol; and (b) at least one polar modified
polymer.
[0006] The present invention further relates to a composition that
includes: (a) at least one compound selected from a sugar silicone
surfactant, a gelling agent, a polyamine and a hyperbranched
polyol; (b) at least one polar modified polymer; and (c) water.
[0007] The present invention further relates to a composition that
includes: (a) at least one compound selected from a sugar silicone
surfactant, a gelling agent, a polyamine and a hyperbranched
polyol; (b) at least one polar modified polymer; and (c) a
colorant.
[0008] The present invention further relates to a composition that
includes: (a) at least one compound selected from a sugar silicone
surfactant, a gelling agent, a polyamine and a hyperbranched
polyol; (b) at least one polar modified polymer; and (c) at least
one oil.
[0009] The present invention also relates to compositions which
include: (a) a reaction product of at least one polyamine and/or
hyperbranched polyol with at least one polar modified polymer; and
b) at least one compound selected from a sugar silicone surfactant
and a gelling agent.
[0010] The present invention also relates to a composition made by
combining: (a) at least one compound selected from a sugar silicone
surfactant, a gelling agent, a polyamine and a hyperbranched
polyol; and (b) at least one polar modified polymer;
[0011] A second aspect of the present invention is directed to a
method of making up a keratinous substrate comprising applying the
above-disclosed composition onto the substrate.
[0012] It has been surprisingly discovered that this composition
displays a high amount of moisturization to the keratinous
substrate and/or is longwearing in the absence of silicone resins
and traditional film formers. Further, the composition provides a
unique texture and is stable.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0013] Other than in the operating examples, or where otherwise
indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients and/or
reaction conditions are to be understood as being modified in all
instances by the term "about".
[0014] "Film former" or "film forming agent" or "film forming
resin" as used herein means a polymer which, after dissolution in
at least one solvent (such as, for example, water and organic
solvents), leaves a film on the substrate to which it is applied,
for example, once the at least one solvent evaporates, absorbs
and/or dissipates on the substrate.
[0015] "Tackiness", as used herein, refers to the adhesion between
two substances. For example, the more tackiness there is between
two substances, the more adhesion there is between the
substances.
[0016] "Keratinous substrates", as used herein, include but are not
limited to, skin, lips, hair and nails.
[0017] "Substituted" as used herein, means comprising at least one
substituent. Non-limiting examples of substituents include atoms,
such as oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms, as well as functional
groups, such as hydroxyl groups, ether groups, alkoxy groups,
acyloxyalky groups, oxyalkylene groups, polyoxyalkylene groups,
carboxylic acid groups, amine groups, acylamino groups, amide
groups, halogen containing groups, ester groups, thiol groups,
sulphonate groups, thiosulphate groups, siloxane groups, and
polysiloxane groups. The substituent(s) may be further
substituted.
[0018] As defined herein, stability is tested by placing the
composition in a controlled environment chamber for 8 weeks at 25
C. In this test, the physical condition of the sample is inspected
as it is placed in the chamber. The sample is then inspected again
at 24 hours, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. At each
inspection, the sample is examined for abnormalities in the
composition such as phase separation if the composition is in the
form of an emulsion, bending or leaning if the composition is in
stick form, melting, or syneresis (or sweating). The stability is
further tested by repeating the 8-week test at 37.degree. C.,
40.degree. C., 45.degree. C., 50.degree. C., and under freeze-thaw
conditions. A composition is considered to lack stability if in any
of these tests an abnormality that impedes functioning of the
composition is observed. The skilled artisan will readily recognize
an abnormality that impedes functioning of a composition based on
the intended application.
[0019] "Volatile", as used herein, means having a flash point of
less than about 100.degree. C. "Non-volatile", as used herein,
means having a flash point of greater than about 100.degree. C.
[0020] As used herein, the expression "at least one" means one or
more and thus includes individual components as well as
mixtures/combinations.
[0021] Other than in the operating examples, or where otherwise
indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients and/or
reaction conditions are to be understood as being modified in all
instances by the term "about," meaning within 10% to 15% of the
indicated number.
[0022] "Waterproof" as used herein refers to the ability to repel
water and permanence with respect to water. Waterproof properties
may be evaluated by any method known in the art for evaluating such
properties. For example, a mascara composition may be applied to
false eyelashes, which may then be placed in water for a certain
amount of time, such as, for example, 20 minutes. Upon expiration
of the pre-ascertained amount of time, the false eyelashes may be
removed from the water and passed over a material, such as, for
example, a sheet of paper. The extent of residue left on the
material may then be evaluated and compared with other
compositions, such as, for example, commercially available
compositions.
[0023] Similarly, for example, a composition may be applied to
skin, and the skin may be submerged in water for a certain amount
of time. The amount of composition remaining on the skin after the
pre-ascertained amount of time may then be evaluated and compared.
For example, a composition may be waterproof if a majority of the
product is left on the wearer, e.g., eyelashes, skin, etc. In a
preferred embodiment of the present invention, little or no
composition is transferred from the wearer.
[0024] "Long wear" compositions as used herein, refers to
compositions where color remains the same or substantially the same
as at the time of application, as viewed by the naked eye, after an
extended period of time. Long wear properties may be evaluated by
any method known in the art for evaluating such properties. For
example, long wear may be evaluated by a test involving the
application of a composition to human hair, skin or lips and
evaluating the color of the composition after an extended period of
time. For example, the color of a composition may be evaluated
immediately following application to hair, skin or lips and these
characteristics may then be re-evaluated and compared after a
certain amount of time. Further, these characteristics may be
evaluated with respect to other compositions, such as commercially
available compositions.
[0025] "Transfer resistance" as used herein refers to the quality
exhibited by compositions that are not readily removed by contact
with another material, such as, for example, a glass, an item of
clothing or the skin, for example, when eating or drinking.
Transfer resistance may be evaluated by any method known in the art
for evaluating such. For example, transfer resistance of a
composition may be evaluated by a "kiss" test. The "kiss" test may
involve application of the composition to human keratin material
such as hair, skin or lips followed by rubbing a material, for
example, a sheet of paper, against the hair, skin or lips after
expiration of a certain amount of time following application, such
as 2 minutes after application. Similarly, transfer resistance of a
composition may be evaluated by the amount of product transferred
from a wearer to any other substrate, such as transfer from the
hair, skin or lips of an individual to a collar when putting on
clothing after the expiration of a certain amount of time following
application of the composition to the hair, skin or lips. The
amount of composition transferred to the substrate (e.g., collar,
or paper) may then be evaluated and compared. For example, a
composition may be transfer resistant if a majority of the product
is left on the wearer's hair, skin or lips. Further, the amount
transferred may be compared with that transferred by other
compositions, such as commercially available compositions. In a
preferred embodiment of the present invention, little or no
composition is transferred to the substrate from the hair, skin or
lips.
[0026] Polar Modified Polymer
[0027] According to the present invention, compositions comprising
at least one polar modified polymer are provided. "Polar modified
polymer" as used herein refers to "oil-soluble polar modified
polymers" and/or "oil-soluble high carbon polar modified
polymers."
[0028] Oil-Soluble Polar Modified Polymer
[0029] According to the present invention, compositions comprising
at least one oil-soluble polar modified polymer are provided.
"Polar modified polymer" as used herein refers to a hydrophobic
homopolymer or copolymer which has been modified with hydrophilic
unit(s). "Oil-soluble" as used herein means that the polar modified
polymer is soluble in oil.
[0030] Suitable monomers for the hydrophobic homopolymers and/or
copolymers include, but are not limited to, cyclic, linear or
branched, substituted or unsubstituted, C2-C20 compounds such as,
for example, styrene, ethylene, propylene, isopropylene, butylene,
isobutylene, pentene, isopentene, isoprene, hexene, isohexene,
decene, isodecene, and octadecene, including all ranges and
subranges therebetween. Preferably, the monomers are C2-C8
compounds, more preferably C2-C6 compounds, and most preferably
C2-C4 compounds such as ethylene, propylene and butylene.
[0031] Suitable hydrophilic unit(s) include, but are not limited
to, maleic anhydride, acrylates, alkyl acrylates such as, for
example, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, and
butyl acrylate, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
[0032] According to the present invention, the polar modified
polymer is oil-soluble: that is, the polymer does not contain a
sufficient amount of hydrophilic unit(s) to render the entire
polymer water-soluble or oil-insoluble. According to preferred
embodiments, the polar modified polymer contains the same amount of
hydrophobic monomer as hydrophilic unit (1:1 ratio) or more
hydrophobic monomer than hydrophilic unit. According to
particularly preferred embodiments, the polar modified polymer
contains 50% or less hydrophilic unit(s) (based on weight of the
polymer), 40% or less hydrophilic unit(s), 30% or less hydrophilic
unit(s), 20% or less hydrophilic unit(s), 10% or less hydrophilic
unit(s), 5% or less hydrophilic unit(s), 4% or less hydrophilic
unit(s), or 3% or less hydrophilic unit(s).
[0033] Preferably, the polar modified polymer has from about 0.5%
to about 10% hydrophilic units, more preferably from about 1% to
about 8% hydrophilic units by weight with respect to the weight of
the polymer, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
Particularly preferred hydrophilically modified polymers are
ethylene and/or propylene homopolymers and copolymers which have
been modified with maleic anhydride units.
[0034] According to preferred embodiments of the present invention,
the polar modified polymer is a wax. According to particularly
preferred embodiments, the polar modified wax is made via
metallocene catalysis, and includes polar groups or units as well
as a hydrophobic backbone. Suitable modified waxes include those
disclosed in U.S. patent application publication no. 20070031361,
the entire contents of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Particularly preferred polar modified waxes are C2-C3 polar
modified waxes.
[0035] In accordance with preferred embodiments of the present
invention, the polar modified wax is based upon a homopolymer
and/or copolymer wax of hydrophobic monomers and has a
weight-average molecular weight Mw of less than or equal to 25 000
g/mol, preferably of 1000 to 22 000 g/mol and particularly
preferably of 4000 to 20,000 g/mol, a number-average molecular
weight Mn of less than or equal to 15 000 g/mol, preferably of 500
to 12 000 g/mol and particularly preferably of 1000 to 5000 g/mol,
a molar mass distribution Mw/Mn in the range from 1.5 to 10,
preferably from 1.5 to 5, particularly preferably from 1.5 to 3 and
especially preferably from 2 to 2.5, which have been obtained by
metallocene catalysis. Also, the polar modified wax preferably has
a melting point above 75.degree. C., more preferably above
90.degree. C. such as, for example, a melting point between
90.degree. C. and 160.degree. C., preferably between 100.degree. C.
and 150.degree. C., including all ranges and subranges
therebetween.
[0036] In the case of a copolymer wax, it is preferable to have,
based on the total weight of the copolymer backbone, 0.1 to 30% by
weight of structural units originating from the one monomer and
70.0 to 99.9% by weight of structural units originating from the
other monomer. Such homopolymer and copolymer waxes can be made,
for example, by the process described in EP 571 882, the entire
contents of which is hereby incorporated by reference, using the
metallocene catalysts specified therein. Suitable preparation
processes include, for example, suspension polymerization, solution
polymerization and gas-phase polymerization of olefins in the
presence of metallocene catalysts, with polymerization in the
monomers also being possible.
[0037] Polar modified waxes can be produced in a known manner from
the hompopolymers and copolymers described above by oxidation with
oxygen-containing gases, for example air, or by graft reaction with
polar monomers, for example maleic acid or acrylic acid or
derivatives of these acids. The polar modification of metallocene
polyolefin waxes by oxidation with air is described, for example,
in EP 0 890 583 A1, and the modification by grafting is described,
for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,998,547, the entire contents of
both of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their
entirety.
[0038] Acceptable polar modified waxes include, but are not limited
to, homopolymers and/or copolymers of ethylene and/or propylene
groups which have been modified with hydrophilic units such as, for
example, maleic anhydride, acrylate, methacrylate,
polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), etc. Preferably, the C2-C3 wax has from
about 0.5% to about 10% hydrophilic units, more preferably from
about 1% to about 8% hydrophilic units by weight with respect to
the weight of the wax, including all ranges and subranges
therebetween. Particularly preferred hydrophilically modified waxes
are ethylene and/or propylene homopolymers and copolymers which
have been modified with maleic anhydride units.
[0039] Particularly preferred C2-C3 polar modified waxes for use in
the present invention are polypropylene and/or polyethylene-maleic
anhydride modified waxes ("PEMA," "PPMA." "PEPPMA") commercially
available from Clariant under the trade name LICOCARE or LICOCENE,
Specific examples of such waxes include products marketed by
Clariant under the LicoCare name having designations such as
PP207.
[0040] Other suitable polar modified polymers include, but are not
limited to A-C 573 A (ETHYLENE-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE COPOLYMER; Drop
Point, Mettler: 106.degree. C.) from Honeywell, A-C 596 A
(PROPYLENE-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE COPOLYMER; Drop Point, Mettler:
143.degree. C.) from Honeywell, A-C 597 (PROPYLENE-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE
COPOLYMER; Drop Point, Mettler: 141.degree. C.) from Honeywell,
ZeMac.degree. copolymers (from VERTELLUS) which are 1:1 copolymers
of ethylene and maleic anhydride, polyisobutylene-maleic anhydride
sold under the trade name ISOBAM (from Kuraray),
polyisoprene-graft-maleic anhydride sold by Sigma Aldrich,
poly(maleic anhydride-octadecene) sold by Chevron Philips Chemical
Co., poly(ethylene-co-butyl acrylate-co-maleic anhydride) sold
under the trade name of Lotader (e.g. 2210, 3210, 4210, and 3410
grades) by Arkema, copolymers in which the butyl acrylate is
replaced by other alkyl acrylates (including methyl acrylate
[grades 3430, 4404, and 4503] and ethyl acrylate [grades 6200,
8200, 3300, TX 8030, 7500, 5500, 4700, and 4720) also sold by
Arkema under the Lotader name, and isobutylene maleic anhydride
copolymer sold under the name ACO-5013 by ISP.
[0041] According to other embodiments of the present invention, the
polar modified polymer is not a wax. In accordance with these
embodiments of the present invention, the polar modified polymer is
based upon a homopolymer and/or copolymer of hydrophobic monomer(s)
and has a weight-average molecular weight Mw of less than or equal
to 1,000,000 g/mol, preferably of 1000 to 250,000 g/mol and
particularly preferably of 5,000 to 50,000 g/mol, including all
ranges and subranges therebetween.
[0042] In accordance with these embodiments, the polar modified
polymer can be of any form typically associated with polymers such
as, for example, block copolymer, a grafted copolymer or an
alternating copolymer. For example, the polar modified polymer can
contain a hydrophobic backbone (such as polypropylene and/or
polyethylene) onto which hydrophilic groups (such as maleic
anhydride) have been attached by any means including, for example,
grafting. The attached groups can have any orientation (for
example, atactic, isotactic or syndiotactic along the
backbone).
[0043] Preferably, the oil soluble polar modified polymer(s)
represent from about 1% to about 30% of the total weight of the
composition, more preferably from about 3% to about 17% of the
total weight of the composition, and most preferably from about 5%
to about 15%, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
[0044] Oil-Soluble High Carbon Polar Modified Polymer
[0045] According to the present invention, compositions comprising
at least one oil-soluble high carbon polar modified polymer are
provided. "Polar modified polymer" as used herein refers to a
hydrophobic homopolymer or copolymer which has been modified with
hydrophilic unit(s). "Oil-soluble" as used herein means that the
polar modified polymer is soluble in oil. "High carbon" means more
than 20 carbon atoms.
[0046] Suitable monomers for the hydrophobic homopolymers and/or
copolymers include, but are not limited to, cyclic, linear or
branched, substituted or unsubstituted, C22-C40 compounds such as,
C22-C28 compounds, C24-C26 compounds, C26-C28 compounds, and
C30-C38 compounds, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
Preferably, the monomers are C24-26 compounds, C26-C28 compounds or
C30-C38 compounds.
[0047] Suitable hydrophilic unit(s) include, but are not limited
to, maleic anhydride, acrylates, alkyl acrylates such as, for
example, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, and
butyl acrylate, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
[0048] According to preferred embodiments, the oil-soluble high
carbon polar modified polymer is a wax. Also preferably, the
oil-soluble high carbon polar modified polymer wax has one or more
of the following properties:
[0049] a weight-average molecular weight Mw of less than or equal
to 30 000 g/mol, preferably of 500 to 10 000 g/mol and particularly
preferably of 1000 to 5,000 g/mol, including all ranges and
subranges therebetween;
[0050] a number-average molecular weight Mn of less than or equal
to 15 000 g/mol, preferably of 500 to 12 000 g/mol and particularly
preferably of 1000 to 5000 g/mol, including all ranges and
subranges therebetween;
[0051] a molar mass distribution Mw/Mn in the range from 1.5 to 10,
preferably from 1.5 to 5, particularly preferably from 1.5 to 3 and
especially preferably from 2 to 2.5, including all ranges and
subranges therebetween; and/or
[0052] a crystallinity of 8% to 60%, preferably 9% to 40%, and more
preferably 10% to 30%, including all ranges and subranges
therebetween, as determined by differential scanning
calorimetry.
[0053] According to preferred embodiments relating to a copolymer
wax, it is preferable to have, based on the total weight of the
copolymer backbone, 0.1 to 30% by weight of structural units
originating from the one monomer and 70.0 to 99.9% by weight of
structural units originating from the other monomer.
[0054] Waxes of the present invention can be based upon
homopolymers or copolymers made, for example, by the process
described in EP 571 882, the entire contents of which is hereby
incorporated by reference. Suitable preparation processes include,
for example, suspension polymerization, solution polymerization and
gas-phase polymerization of olefins in the presence of catalysts,
with polymerization in the monomers also being possible.
[0055] Oil-soluble high carbon polar modified polymer wax can be
produced in a known manner from the hompopolymers and copolymers
described above by oxidation with oxygen-containing gases, for
example air, or by graft reaction with polar monomers, for example
maleic acid or acrylic acid or derivatives of these acids. The
polar modification of polyolefin waxes by oxidation with air is
described, for example, in EP 0 890 583 A1, and the modification by
grafting is described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,998,547, the
entire contents of both of which are hereby incorporated by
reference in their entirety.
[0056] Acceptable oil-soluble high carbon polar modified polymer
waxes include, but are not limited to, homopolymers and/or
copolymers of C24, C25 and/or C26 groups, copolymers C26, C27
and/or C28 groups, or copolymers of C30-C38 groups, which have been
modified with hydrophilic units such as, for example, maleic
anhydride, acrylate, methacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), etc.
Preferably, the oil-soluble high carbon polar modified polymer wax
has from about 5% to about 30% hydrophilic units, more preferably
from about 10% to about 25% hydrophilic units by weight with
respect to the weight of the wax, including all ranges and
subranges therebetween. Particularly preferred hydrophilically
modified waxes are C26, C27 and/or C28 homopolymers and copolymers
which have been modified with maleic anhydride units.
[0057] Particularly preferred oil-soluble high carbon polar
modified polymer waxes for use in the present invention are C26-C28
alpha olefin maleic acid anhydride copolymer waxes commercially
available from Clariant under the trade name LICOCARE or LICOCENE.
Specific examples of such waxes include products marketed by
Clariant under the LicoCare name having designations such as CM
401, which is a maleic anhydride modified wax having a Mw of 2025
and a crystallinilty of 11%, C30-C38 olefin/isopropylmaleate/maleic
anhydride copolymer sold by Baker Hughes under the name
Performa.RTM. V 1608, and C24-C26 alpha olefin acrylate copolymer
wax commercially available from Clariant under the trade name
LICOCARE CA301 LP3346 based on a polar backbone with C24-26 side
chains with alternating ester and carboxylic acid groups.
[0058] According to other embodiments of the present invention, the
polar modified polymer is not a wax. In accordance with these
embodiments of the present invention, the polar modified polymer is
based upon a homopolymer and/or copolymer of hydrophobic monomer(s)
and has a weight-average molecular weight Mw of less than or equal
to 1,000,000 g/mol, preferably of 1000 to 250,000 g/mol and
particularly preferably of 5,000 to 50,000 g/mol, including all
ranges and subranges therebetween.
[0059] In accordance with these embodiments, the polar modified
polymer can be of any form typically associated with polymers such
as, for example, block copolymer, a grafted copolymer or an
alternating copolymer. For example, the polar modified polymer can
contain a hydrophobic backbone (such as polypropylene and/or
polyethylene) onto which hydrophilic groups (such as maleic
anhydride) have been attached by any means including, for example,
grafting. The attached groups can have any orientation (for
example, atactic, isotactic or syndiotactic along the
backbone).
[0060] Preferably, the oil-soluble high carbon polar modified
polymer(s) represent from about 1% to about 30% of the total weight
of the composition, more preferably from about 3% to about 17% of
the total weight of the composition, and most preferably from about
5% to about 15%, including all ranges and subranges
therebetween.
[0061] Polyol, Gelling Agent, Sugar Silicone Surfactant,
Polyamine
[0062] According to the present invention, compositions comprising
(1) at least one polar modified polymer and (2) at least one
compound selected from a hyperbranched polyol having at least two
hydroxyl groups, a sugar silicone surfactant, a polyamine and a
gelling agent, are provided. In accordance with the present
invention, a composition may contain a polyamine and/or a
hyperbranched polyol and/or a sugar silicone surfactant and/or a
gelling agent.
[0063] Sugar Silicone Surfactant
[0064] According to preferred embodiments of the present invention,
compositions comprising at least one sugar silicone surfactant are
provided. The sugar silicone surfactant of the present invention
has the following formula:
Sach-X-Dn-X-Sach
[0065] where Sach represents a saccharide moiety containing
multiple hydroxyl groups. Suitable saccharide moieties include, but
are not limited to, those based on monosaccharides such as, for
example, glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose, mannose, sorbose,
etc., and those based one oligosaccharides such as, for example,
sucrose, lactose, palatinose, raffinose, lactosucrose,
glucosylsucrose, galactosyl-sucrose, xylobiose, etc. Preferably,
the saccharide moiety is based on a monosaccharide, most preferably
glucose;
[0066] X represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated,
C1 to C40 hydrocarbon-based group, possibly containing in their
chain one or more oxygen, sulphur and/or nitrogen atoms.
Preferably, X represents a linear, unsubstituted alkyl group
containing at least one N atom, most preferably a linear,
unsubstituted alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms and at least one
N atom;
[0067] D represents a silicone based group of the formula R2SiO,
where R2 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated,
C1 to C10 hydrocarbon-based group. Preferably, R2 is an
unsubstituted C1 to C3 alkyl group (methyl, ethyl, propyl), most
preferably a methyl group; and
[0068] n represents a number between 1 and 1000, preferably between
100 and 500, more preferably between 250 and 400, and more
preferably between 300 and 350, including all ranges and subranges
therebetween.
[0069] Preferably, such sugar silicone surfactants are prepared by
reacting a lactone form of the saccharide with an amino form of the
D group, thereby forming an alkyl group X having an N atom between
the saccharide moiety and the silicone moiety.
[0070] Particularly preferred sugar silicone surfactants include
gluconamidoethylaminopropylsilicone, lactobionolactonesiloxane, or
a mixture thereof.
[0071] Preferably, the sugar silicone surfactant represents from
about 0.5% to about 25% of the total weight of the composition,
more preferably from about 0.75% to about 15% of the total weight
of the composition, and most preferably from about 1% to about 10%,
including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
[0072] Hyperbranched Polyol Compound
[0073] According to preferred embodiments of the present invention,
compositions comprising at least one hyperbranched polyol compound
are provided. In accordance with the present invention, the
hyperbranched polyol compound has at least two hydroxyl groups
available to react with hydrophilic groups on the backbone of the
polar modified wax.
[0074] "Hydroxyl number" or "hydroxyl value" which is sometimes
also referred to as "acetyl value" is a number which indicates the
extent to which a substance may be acetylated; it is the number of
milligrams of potassium hydroxide required for neutralization of
the acetic acid liberated on saponifying 1 g of acetylated sample.
According to preferred embodiments, the at least one hyperbranched
polyol has a hydroxyl number between 50 and 250, preferably between
75 and 225, preferably between 100 and 200, preferably between 125
and 175, including all ranges and subranges therebetween such as 90
to 150.
[0075] In accordance with the present invention, "hyperbranched
polyol" refers to dendrimers, hyperbranched macromolecules and
other dendron-based architectures. Hyperbranched polyols can
generally be described as three-dimensional highly branched
molecules having a tree-like structure. They are characterized by a
great number of end groups, at least two of which are hydroxyl
groups. The dendritic or "tree-like" structure preferably shows
regular symmetric branching from a central multifunctional core
molecule leading to a compact globular or quasi-globular structure
with a large number of end groups per molecule. Suitable examples
of hyperbranched polyols can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 7,423,104,
and U.S. patent applications 2008/0207871 and 2008/0286152, the
entire contents of all of which are hereby incorporated by
reference. Other suitable examples include alcohol functional
olefinic polymers such as those available from New Phase
Technologies.
[0076] Dendrimers tend to be exact, monodisperse structures built
layerwise (in generations) around a core moiety, with a polymer
branching point in every repeating unit. Hyperbranched polymers
tend to possess a number of characteristics which are similar to
dendrimers but they tend to be polydispersed and contain relatively
linear segments off of which a plurality of highly branched
segments are grown or attached.
[0077] Furthermore, "hyperbranched polymers" refers to polymers
comprising at least two, for example three, polymeric branches,
forming either the main branch or a secondary branch, and each
comprising at least one at least trifunctional branch point, which
may be identical or different, and which is able to form at least
two at least trifunctional branch points, different from and
independent of one another. Each branch point may be, for example,
arranged in the interior of at least one chain. The branches may
be, for example, connected to one another by a polyfunctional
compound.
[0078] As used herein, "trifunctional branch point" means the
junction point between three polymer branches, of which at least
two branches may be different in chemical constitution and/or
structure. For example, certain branches may be hydrophilic, i.e.
may predominantly contain hydrophilic monomers, and other branches
may be hydrophobic, i.e., may predominantly contain hydrophobic
monomers. Further branches may additionally form a random polymer
or a block polymer.
[0079] As used herein, "at least trifunctional branch" means the
junction points between at least three polymeric branches, for
example n polymeric branches, of which n-1 branches at least are
different in chemical constitution and/or structure.
[0080] As used herein, "chain interior" means the atoms situated
within the polymeric chain, to the exclusion of the atoms forming
the two ends of this chain.
[0081] As used herein, "main branch" means the branch or polymeric
sequence comprising the greatest percentage by weight of
monomer(s).
[0082] Branches which are not main branches are called "secondary
branches".
[0083] According to particularly preferred embodiments of the
present invention, the hyperbranched polyol comprises a hydrophobic
chain interior. Preferably, the chain interior comprises one or
more hydrocarbon groups, one or more silicon-based groups, or
mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred chain interiors comprise
olefinic polymers or copolymers and/or silicone polymers or
copolymers.
[0084] Suitable olefinic monomers include, but are not limited to,
compounds having from about 2 to about 30 carbon atoms per molecule
and having at least one olefinic double bond which are acyclic,
cyclic, polycyclic, terminal a internal, linear, branched,
substituted, unsubstituted, functionalized, and/or
non-functionalized. For example, suitable monomers include
ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 2-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, and
isobutylene.
[0085] Suitable silicone groups for inclusion into the interior
chain include "D" groups (for example, dimethicone or substituted
dimethicone groups).
[0086] An exemplary structure is as follows:
##STR00001##
[0087] An exemplary structure Where X corresponds to hydroxyl
functionality and R corresponds to a methyl group or an alkyl group
preferably containing 2-30 atoms.
[0088] According to preferred embodiments, the at least one
hyperbranched polyol has a molecular weight (Mw) between about
3,000 and 25,000, preferably between 4,000 and 22,000, preferably
between 5, 000 and 20,000, including all ranges and subranges
therebetween such as 4000 to 5500.
[0089] According to preferred embodiments, the at least one
hyperbranched polyol has a viscosity at 90.degree. F. of between
1,000 and 8,000 centipoise (cps), preferably 2,000 and 7,000 cps,
and preferably 3,000 and 6,000 cps, including all ranges and
subranges therebetween.
[0090] According to preferred embodiments, the at least one
hyperbranched polyol is present in the composition of the present
invention in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to about 15% by
weight, more preferably from about 1 to about 10% by weight, most
preferably from about 2 to about 8% by weight, based on the total
weight of the composition, including all ranges and subranges
within these ranges.
[0091] Preferably, the weight ratio of polyol to oil-soluble polar
modified polymer is between 4:1 and 1:4, preferably between 3:1 and
1:3, and preferably between 2:1 and 1:2, including all ranges and
subranges therebetween.
[0092] According to preferred embodiments, the polar modified
polymer is in an oil carrier, and the polyol is blended into the
oil carrier during production of the compositions of the present
invention. Because the polar modified polymer is typically solid at
room temperature, the oil carrier is preferably heated to liquefy
the polymer prior to combination with the polyol. Preferably, the
oil carrier is heated beyond the melting point of the polar
modified polymer, typically up to about 70.degree. C., 80.degree.
C., 90.degree. C., 100.degree. C. or 110.degree. C. Then, the polar
modified polymer is preferably combined with the polyol through
blending at room temperature Or at a slightly elevated temperature
(that is, at a temperature between room temperature and the
temperature at which the polar modified polymer was liquefied or
melted) such as, for example, about 30.degree. C., 40.degree. C.,
50.degree. C., 60.degree. C. or 70.degree. C., for at least about
30 minutes.
[0093] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the
polyol can be in an aqueous carrier, and the polar modified polymer
can be combined with the polyol by combining the oil carrier with
the aqueous carrier. According to other embodiments, the polyol
does not have to be in an aqueous carrier--the polyol can be added
to the oil carrier first, and then water can be subsequently added
to the mixture.
[0094] Polyamine Compound
[0095] According to preferred embodiments of the present invention,
compositions comprising at least one polyamine compound are
provided. In accordance with the present invention, the polyamine
compound has at least two primary amine groups available to react
with hydrophilic groups of the polar modified polymer.
[0096] According to particularly preferred embodiments, the
polyamine compound is a polyalkyleneimine, preferably a C2-C5
polyalkyleneamine compound, more preferably a polyethyleneimine or
polypropyleneimine. Most preferably, the polyalkylenamine is
polyethyleneimine ("PEI"). The polyalkyleneamine compound
preferably has an average molecular weight range of from
500-200,000, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
[0097] According to preferred embodiments, compositions of the
present invention contain polyethyleneimine compounds in the form
of branched polymers. Commercially available examples of such
polymers are available from BASF under the tradename LUPASOL or
POLYIMIN. Non-limiting examples of such polyethyleneimines include
Lupasol.RTM. PS, Lupasol.RTM. PL, Lupasol.RTM. PR8515, Lupasol.RTM.
G20, Lupasol.RTM. G35.
[0098] According to other embodiments of the present invention,
polyamines such as polyethyleneimines and polypropyleneimines can
be in the form of dendrimers. Non-limiting examples of such
dendrimers are manufactured by the company DSM, and/or are
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,530,092 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,610,268,
the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
Commercially available examples of such polymers include
polyamidoamine or polypropyleneimine polymers from DENDRITECH sold
under the STARBURST.RTM. name.
[0099] According to other embodiments of the present invention,
derivatives of polyalkyleneamines are suitable polyamines. Such
derivatives include, but are not limited to, alkylated derivatives,
the addition products of alkylcarboxylic acids to
polyalkyleneamines, the addition products of ketones and of
aldehydes to polyalkyleneamines, the addition products of
isocyanates and of isothiocyanates to polyalkyleneamines, the
addition products of alkylene oxide or of polyalkylene oxide block
polymers to polyalkyleneamines, quaternized derivatives of
polyalkyleneamines, the addition products of a silicone to
polyalkyleneamines, and copolymers of dicarboxylic acid and
polyalkyleneamines. Even further suitable polymamines include, but
are not limited to, polyvinylimidazoles (homopolymers or
copolymers), polyvinylpyridines (homopolymers or copolymers),
compounds comprising vinylimidazole monomers (see, for example,
U.S. Pat. No. 5,677,384, hereby incorporated by reference), and
polymers based on amino acids containing a basic side chain
(preferably selected from proteins and peptides comprising at least
5%, preferably at least 10% of amino acids selected from histidine,
lysine and arginine). Such suitable polyamines as described above
include those disclosed and described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,162,448,
the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
Commercially available examples of such polymers include
polyvinylamine/formamide such as those sold under the Lupamine.RTM.
name by BASF, chitosan from vegetable origin such as those sold
under the Kiosmetine.RTM. or Kitozyme.RTM. names, or copolymer 845
sold by ISP.
[0100] According to preferred embodiments, the at least one
polyamine compound is present in the composition of the present
invention in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to about 20% by
weight, more preferably from about 0.2 to about 10% by weight, more
preferably from about 0.5 to about 5% by weight, based on the total
weight of the composition, including all ranges and subranges
within these ranges.
[0101] Preferably, the amount of polyamine compound reacted with
the polar modified polymer is such that at least two amine groups
on the polyamine compound react with the polar modified polymer to
form links or bonds between the amine groups and the hydrophilic
groups of the polar modified polymer. The appropriate amount of
polyamine compound to react with the polar modified polymer to
obtain a reaction product can be easily determined, taking into
account the number/amount of reactive amine groups on the polyamine
compound and the number/amount of corresponding reactive groups on
the polar modified polymer (for example, maleic anhydride groups).
According to preferred embodiments, excess polar modified polymer
(as determined by the relative number/amount of corresponding
reactive groups on the polymer as compared to the reactive amine
groups on the polyamine) is reacted with polyamine. Preferably, the
polyamine to polar modified ratio is between 0.005 and 1,
preferably between 0.006 and 0.5, and preferably between 0.007 and
0.1, including all ranges and subranges therebetween.
[0102] Gelling Agent
[0103] According to preferred embodiments of the present invention,
compositions comprising at least one gelling agent chosen from
cellulose, and derivates thereof are provided. Such gelling agents
are typically found in the aqueous phase of a composition.
[0104] Examples of suitable cellulose, and derivatives thereof
include, but are not limited to:
[0105] cellulose polymers such as hydroxyethylcellulose,
hydroxypropylcellulose, methylcellulose,
ethylhydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and quaternized
cellulose derivatives;
[0106] cellulosic thickeners, for example, hydroxyethylcellulose,
hydroxypropylcellulose, and carboxymethylcellulose, guar gum and
its derivatives, such as hydroxypropylguar, gums of microbial
origin, such as xanthan gum and scleroglucan gum;
[0107] quaternized cellulose derivatives and polyacrylates
containing non-cyclic amine side groups. The quaternized cellulose
derivatives may include, for example:
[0108] quaternized celluloses modified with groups comprising at
least one fatty chain, such as alkyl, arylalkyl, and alkylaryl
groups comprising at least 8 carbon atoms, and mixtures
thereof;
[0109] quaternized hydroxyethylcelluloses modified with groups
comprising at least one fatty chain, such as alkyl, arylalkyl, and
alkylaryl groups comprising at least 8 carbon atoms, and mixtures
thereof;
[0110] polyquaternium-37 (commercially available from Cognis under
the trademark name Ultragel 300 and from Ciba under the trademark
name SalCARE); hydroxyalkyl cellulose polymers and alkyl
hydroxyalkyl cellulose polymers such as hydroxyethyl cellulose
(commercially available from Amerchol and The Dow Chemical Company
and Hercules under the tradenames Cellosize and Natrosol),
hydroxypropyl cellulose (commercially available from Hercules under
the tradename Klucel) and cetyl hydroxyethyl cellulose
(commercially available from Hercules under the tradename
Natrosol);
[0111] carboxymethyl cellulose (commercially available from
Hercules under the tradename Aqualon), natural or synthetic gums,
and starches;
[0112] quaternized alkylhydroxyethylcelluloses containing C8-C30
fatty chains include, for instance, the products Quatrisoft LM 200,
Quatrisoft LM-X 529-18-A, Quatrisoft LM-X 529-18B (C12 alkyl), and
Quatrisoft LM-X 529-8 (C18 alkyl) sold by the company Amerchol, and
the products Crodacel QM, Crodacel QL (C12 alkyl) and Crodacel QS
(C18 alkyl) sold by the company Croda.
[0113] Particularly preferred thickening agents are polysaccharides
or polysaccharide derivatives such as hydroxyethyl cellulose,
hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, xanthan gum, guar gum,
hydroxymethylcellulose derivatives such as hydroxypropyl
methylcellulose and hydroxybutyl methyl cellulose, starch and
starch derivatives.
[0114] Particularly preferred rheology-modifying agents are cetyl
hydroxyethyl cellulose, quaternized celluloses and
hydroxyethylcelluloses.
[0115] Preferably, the gelling agent is present in the composition
of the present invention in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to
about 10.0% by weight, preferably from about 0.5% to about 5.0% by
weight, preferably from about 1.0% to about 4.0% by weight of the
total weight of the composition, including all ranges and subranges
therebetween.
[0116] Reaction Product
[0117] According to preferred embodiments of the present invention,
the polar modified polymer is reacted with the polyamine compound,
in the presence of water in, at minimum, an amount sufficient to
solubilize the polyamine, to form a reaction product. In accordance
with the preferred embodiments, the reaction product is
water-insoluble.
[0118] Although not wanting to be bound by any particular theory,
it is believed that at a temperature below 100.degree. C., the
reaction of the polar modified polymer with the primary amine group
of the polyamine opens the anhydride ring to form a half acid and
half amide crosslinked product. However, at a temperature above
100.degree. C., the reaction of the polar modified polymer with the
primary amine group of the polyamine opens the anhydride ring to
form an imide crosslinked product. The former product is preferred
over the latter product. It is not necessary for all amine groups
and all hydrophilic groups to react with each other to form the
reaction product. Rather, it is possible that the composition may
contain free polyamine and/or free polar modified polymer in
addition to the reaction product.
[0119] Although not wanting to be bound by any particular theory,
it is also believed that the polyamine(s) can be non-covalently
assembled with the polar modified polymer(s) by electrostatic
interaction between an amine group of the polyamine and a
hydrophilic group (for example, carboxylic acid group associated
with maleic anhydride groups) of the polar modified polymer to form
a supramolecule. For example, with specific reference to maleic
anhydride groups, in the presence of water these groups can open to
form dicarboxylic acid groups which can interact with protonated
primary amines of the polyamine through ionic interaction to form a
polymer-polymer complex with hydrophilic core crosslinkers and a
hydrophobic network that act as supramolecular capsule. If a large
amount of maleic anhydride groups are present, the secondary amine
groups of polyamine are also protonated and interact with alkyl
carboxylates.
[0120] According to preferred embodiments, the polar modified
polymer is in an oil carrier, and the polyamine compound is in an
aqueous carrier, and the reaction occurs by combining the oil
carrier and the aqueous carrier. Because the polar modified polymer
is typically solid at room temperature, the oil carrier is
preferably heated to liquefy the polymer prior to combination with
the aqueous carrier. Preferably, the oil carrier is heated beyond
the melting point of the polar modified polymer, typically up to
about 80.degree. C., 90.degree. C. or 100.degree. C.
[0121] Without intending to be bound by any particular theory, it
is believed that the reason for this is that due to the chemical
and physical reactions which take place when the polar modified
polymer is combined with the polyamine, the subsequent reaction
product that is formed is surprisingly and unexpectedly able to
entrap large amounts of water molecules within its hydrophobic
matrix. The resultant product is eminently capable of forming a
film, is self-emulsifying, waterproof. Moreover, the product is
both stable and capable of carrying various types of
ingredients.
[0122] Similarly, according to preferred embodiments of the present
invention, the reaction of the polar modified polymer and polyol in
an anhydrous system (oil phase only) can create a reaction product.
Without intending to be bound by any particular theory, it is
believe that the reaction product of the polar modified polymer and
the hyperbranched polyol is an elastomer-type compound having ester
linkages which can swell in polar solvents or can disperse into the
water phase.
[0123] Water
[0124] According to preferred embodiments, the composition of the
present invention further contains water. The water is typically
present in an amount of from about 5% to about 50% by weight, such
as from about 10% to about 40% by weight, such as from about 25% to
about 35% by weight, including all ranges and subranges
therebetween, all weights being based on the total weight of the
composition. According to particularly preferred embodiments,
sufficient water is present to form a water-in-oil emulsion.
[0125] Optional Ingredients
[0126] Gelling Agent
[0127] It may be desirable to employ an additional gelling agent,
other than cellulose and derivatives thereof. Examples of such
other gelling agents include:
[0128] water-soluble gelling polymers such as:
[0129] proteins, such as proteins of plant origin, for instance
wheat proteins and soy proteins; proteins of animal origin such as
keratins, for example keratin hydrolysates and sulphonic
keratins;
[0130] anionic, cationic, amphoteric or nonionic chitin or chitosan
polymers; and
[0131] synthetic thickeners such as crosslinked homopolymers of
acrylic acid and of acrylamidopropanesulphonic acid;
[0132] fatty acid amides such as coconut diethanolamide and
monoethanolamide, and oxyethylenated monoethanolamide of carboxylic
acid alkyl ether, and associative polymers.
[0133] Cationic associative polymers may include, but are not
limited to:
[0134] cationic associative polyurethanes which may be formed from
diisocyanates and from various compounds with functions containing
a labile hydrogen. The functions containing a labile hydrogen may
be chosen from alcohol, primary and secondary amine, and thiol
functions, giving, after reaction with the diisocyanate functions,
polyurethanes, polyureas, and polythioureas, respectively. The
expression "polyurethanes which can be used according to the
present invention" encompasses these three types of polymer, namely
polyurethanes per se, polyureas and polythioureas, and also
copolymers thereof. Example of such compounds include, but are not
limited to, methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, methylenecyclohexane
diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate,
naphthalene diisocyanate, butane diisocyanate, and hexane
diisocyanate; and
[0135] carboxyvinyl polymers, acrylic acid/polyallyl sucrose
copolymers, polyacrylic compounds and acrylic acid/ethyl acrylate
copolymers (commercially available under the CARBOPOL
tradenames).
[0136] If present, such other gelling agent is preferably present
in the composition of the present invention in an amount ranging
from about 0.1% to about 10.0% by weight, preferably from about
0.5% to about 5.0% by weight, preferably from about 1.0% to about
4.0% by weight of the total weight of the composition.
[0137] Volatile Solvent Other than Water
[0138] The cosmetic composition of the present invention can
comprise at least one volatile solvent. In an embodiment of the
present invention, the at least one volatile solvent may be chosen
from a volatile silicone oil or a volatile non-silicone oil.
[0139] Suitable volatile silicone oils include, but are not limited
to, linear or cyclic silicone oils having a viscosity at room
temperature less than or equal to 6 cSt and having from 2 to 7
silicon atoms, these silicones being optionally substituted with
alkyl or alkoxy groups of 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Specific oils that
may be used in the invention include octamethyltetrasiloxane,
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane,
heptamethyloctyltrisiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane,
decamethyltetrasiloxane, dodecamethylpentasiloxane and their
mixtures. Other volatile oils which may be used include KF 96A of 6
cSt viscosity, a commercial product from Shin Etsu having a flash
point of 94.degree. C. Preferably, the volatile silicone oils have
a flash point of at least 40.degree. C.
[0140] Non-limiting examples of volatile silicone oils are listed
in Table 1 below.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Viscosity Compound Flash Point (.degree. C.)
(cSt) Octyltrimethicone 93 1.2 Hexyltrimethicone 79 1.2
Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane 72 4.2 (cyclopentasiloxane or D5)
Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane 55 2.5 (cyclotetradimethylsiloxane or
D4) Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) 93 7
Decamethyltetrasiloxane(L4) 63 1.7 KF-96 A from Shin Etsu 94 6 PDMS
(polydimethylsiloxane) DC 200 56 1.5 (1.5 cSt) from Dow Corning
PDMS DC 200 (2 cSt) from Dow Corning 87 2 PDMS DC 200 (3St) from
Dow Corning 102 3
[0141] Suitable volatile non-silicone oils may be selected from
volatile hydrocarbon oils, alcohols, volatile esters and volatile
ethers. Examples of such volatile non-silicone oils include, but
are not limited to, volatile hydrocarbon oils having from 8 to 16
carbon atoms and their mixtures and in particular branched C.sub.8
to C.sub.16 alkanes such as C.sub.8 to C.sub.16 isoalkanes (also
known as isoparaffins), isododecane, isodecane, isohexadecane, and
for example, the oils sold under the trade names of Isopar or
Permethyl, the C.sub.8 to C.sub.16 branched esters such as isohexyl
or isodecyl neopentanoate and their mixtures. Preferably, the
volatile non-silicone oils have a flash point of at least
40.degree. C.
[0142] Non-limiting examples of volatile non-silicone oils are
listed in Table 2 below.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Compound Flash Point (.degree. C.)
Isododecane 43 Propylene glycol n-butyl ether 60 Ethyl
3-ethoxypropionate 58 Propylene glycol methylether acetate 46
Isopar L (isoparaffin C11-C13) 62 Isopar H (isoparaffin C11-C12)
56
[0143] If present, the at least one volatile solvent is present in
the composition in an amount of from about 20 to about 90% by
weight, such as from about 30 to about 80% by weight, and from
about 35 to about 75% by weight, all weights based on the total
weight of the composition, including all ranges and subranges
therebetween.
[0144] Non-Volatile Solvent for Oil-Soluble Polar Modified
Polymer
[0145] The cosmetic composition of the present invention can
comprise at least one non-volatile oil capable of dissolving the
oil-soluble polar modified polymer. As used herein, the term
"non-volatile" means having a boiling point of greater than about
100 degrees C.
[0146] Examples of non-volatile oils that may be used in the
present invention include, but are not limited to, polar oils such
as: [0147] hydrocarbon-based plant oils with a high triglyceride
content consisting of fatty acid esters of glycerol, the fatty
acids of which may have varied chain lengths, these chains possibly
being linear or branched, and saturated or unsaturated; these oils
are especially wheat germ oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, karite
butter, castor oil, sweet almond oil, macadamia oil, apricot oil,
soybean oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, alfalfa oil, poppy oil,
pumpkin oil, sesame seed oil, marrow oil, avocado oil, hazelnut
oil, grape seed oil, blackcurrant seed oil, evening primrose oil,
millet oil, barley oil, quinoa oil, olive oil, rye oil, safflower
oil, candlenut oil, passion flower oil or musk rose oil; or
caprylic/capric acid triglycerides, for instance those sold by the
company Stearineries Dubois or those sold under the names Miglyol
810, 812 and 818 by the company Dynamit Nobel; [0148] synthetic
oils or esters of formula R.sub.5COOR.sub.6 in which R.sub.5
represents a linear or branched higher fatty acid residue
containing from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, including from 7 to 19 carbon
atoms, and R.sub.6 represents a branched hydrocarbon-based chain
containing from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, including from 3 to 20 carbon
atoms, with R.sub.6+R.sub.7.gtoreq.10, such as, for example,
Purcellin oil (cetostearyl octanoate), isononyl isononanoate,
C.sub.12 to C.sub.15 alkyl benzoate, isopropyl myristate,
2-ethylhexyl palmitate, and octanoates, decanoates or ricinoleates
of alcohols or of polyalcohols; hydroxylated esters, for instance
isostearyl lactate or diisostearyl malate; and pentaerythritol
esters; [0149] synthetic ethers containing from 10 to 40 carbon
atoms; [0150] C.sub.8 to C.sub.26 fatty alcohols, for instance
oleyl alcohol; and
[0151] mixtures thereof.
[0152] Further, examples of hydrocarbon oils which may be used
include, but are not limited to, non-polar oils such as branched
and unbranched hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon waxes including
polyolefins, in particular Vaseline (petrolatum), paraffin oil,
squalane, squalene, hydrogenated polyisobutene, hydrogenated
polydecene, polybutene, mineral oil, pentahydrosqualene, and
mixtures thereof.
[0153] If present, the at least one non-volatile solvent is
preferably present in the composition of the invention in an amount
of from about 1% to about 20% by weight, such as from about 1.5% to
about 10% by weight, such as from about 2% to about 5% by weight,
all weights based on the total weight of the composition.
[0154] The composition of the present invention may also include
other ingredients. Examples thereof include, but are not limited
to, colorants such as dyes and pigments, co-solvents (volatile
and/or non-volatile), waxes, plasticizers, preservatives, fillers,
active ingredients such as those used to treat skin and hair and
sunscreens.
[0155] It has surprisingly been discovered that the composition of
the present invention is highly transfer resistant and long
wearing, and in order to be effective as a base/matrix for carrying
insoluble ingredients, does not require the use of silicone resins,
emulsifiers or gelling agents. The resulting product is also able
to provide a composition capable of possessing a gel texture and
nice feel with highly moisturizing and long wearing properties
without the need for having to use expensive ingredients and/or
processing techniques
[0156] The composition of the present invention may be used for any
application in which it is desirable to employ a waterproof film,
capable of carrying insoluble ingredients such as, for example,
pigments, and which is stable, easily spreadable, and comfortable
to apply.
[0157] The present invention is further described in terms of the
following non-limiting examples. Unless otherwise indicated, all
parts and percentages are on a weight-by-weight percentage
basis.
Example 1
[0158] A cosmetic composition was prepared containing the
below-disclosed ingredients.
TABLE-US-00003 isododecane 30.00 isohexadecane 2.25 PP207* 6.75
polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate 2.35 DI Water 23.00 Cellulose 0.15
Lupasol G 35 PEI 4.00 (PolyEthyleneImine) 50% solid/50% water
hyperbranched polyol 5.00 sugar silicone surfactant (40% water)
15.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 7.82 IRON OXIDES 1.46 IRON OXIDES 0.52 IRON
OXIDES 0.20 DISODIUM EDTA 0.20 propylene glycol 0.50 PHENOXY-2
ETHANOL 0.40 CHLORPHENESIN 0.20 ETHYL PARABEN 0.20 100.00 *PP207 is
a linear polypropylene-ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer wax
commercially available from Clariant under the tradename LICOCARE
PP207 LP 3349.
Procedure
[0159] 1. In container A, PP207 was melted in the isohexadecane and
isododecane until fully dissolved. The temperature was brought to
90.degree. C. 2. While maintaining the temperature, the
hyperbranched polyol, emulsifier and pigment grind were added to
container A until fully dissolved. 3. In separate container B,
sugar silicone surfactant, water, Polyethyleneimine, cellulose, and
preservatives were mixed at 90 C 4. B was added to A slowly at high
sheer (.about.700 rpm). 5. Heat was maintained at 70.degree.
C.-80.degree. C. for 20 minutes while maintaining high sheer
mixing. 6. The mixture was cooled to room temperature while
mixing.
Example 2
[0160] A cosmetic composition was prepared containing the
below-disclosed ingredients.
TABLE-US-00004 isohexadecane 2.25 isododecane 40.15 PP207* 6.75
polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate 2.50 DI Water 25.50 Cellulose 0.20
Sugar Silicone 10.00 Polyethyleneimine 0.75 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 7.82
IRON OXIDES 1.46 IRON OXIDES 0.52 IRON OXIDES 0.20 DISODIUM EDTA
0.20 propylene glycol 0.50 PHENOXY-2 ETHANOL 0.80 CHLORPHENESIN
0.20 ETHYL PARABEN 0.20 TOTAL 100.00 *PP207 is a linear
polypropylene-ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer wax commercially
available from Clariant under the tradename LICOCARE PP207 LP
3349.
Procedure:
[0161] 1. In container A, PP207 was melted in the isohexadecane and
isododecane until fully dissolved. The temperature was brought to
90.degree. C. [0162] 2. While maintaining the temperature, the
emulsifier and pigment grind were added to container A until fully
dissolved. [0163] 3. In separate container B, sugar silicone
surfactant, water, Polyethyleneimine, cellulose, and preservatives
were mixed at 90 C. [0164] 4. B was added to A slowly at high sheer
(.about.700 rpm). [0165] 5. Heat was maintained at 70.degree.
C.-80.degree. C. for 20 minutes while maintaining high sheer
mixing. [0166] 6. The mixture was cooled to room temperature while
mixing.
Example 3
Lip Composition
TABLE-US-00005 [0167] Phase Chemical Name Example 3 A Non-volatile
Solvent Q.S. A Polyethylene 400 8.00 A Linear polypropylene- 9.33
ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer wax A Pigment 3.50 A Mica 2.00
B Deionized Water 22.50 B PEI-35 0.25 B Glycerin 3.00 B Sugar
Silicone Surfactant 10.00 Total 100.00
Procedure:
[0168] 1. The following were added to a suitable size beaker A and
heated to 95 Celsius degrees: non-volatile solvent, polyethylene
400, and linear polypropylene-ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer
wax. 2. When enough solids had melted, the contents were mixed with
moderate speed until all solids had melted at 95 Celsius degrees.
3. The temperature was slightly lowered to 85 Celsius degrees and
pigments and mica were added. 4. The contents of main beaker A was
transferred to a Silverson mixer for emulsification while
maintaining the temperature at 85-90 Celsius degrees. 5. In a
separate beaker 2, glycerin, sugar silicone surfactant and PEI-35
were added into DI water, mixed and heated to 85 Celsius degrees.
6. The contents of side beaker B was added dropwise into the beaker
A while emulsifying at 9000 rpm under the Silverson mixer for 30
minutes. Afterward, the emulsification speed was lowered to 2000
rpm for 5 minutes. 7. The contents were poured into lipstick molds
at 80 Celsius degrees. 8. The lipstick in molds was placed in a
cooling tunnel for 15 minutes at -10 Celsius degrees. Once cooled,
the lipstick in molds were removed from the cooling tunnel to
equilibrate to 25 Celsius degrees and removed from mold after
lipsticks had thawed to 25 Celsius degrees.
Example 4
Lip Composition
TABLE-US-00006 [0169] Phase Chemical Name Example 4 A Non-volatile
Solvent Q.S. A Linear polypropylene- 10.00 ethylene-maleic
anhydride copolymer wax A Pigment 3.50 A Mica 2.00 B Deionized
Water 40.00 B PEI-35 0.25 B Glycerin 3.00 B Sugar Silicone
Surfactant 10.00 Total 100.00
Procedure:
[0170] 1. The following were added to a suitable size beaker A and
heated to 95 Celsius degrees: non-volatile solvent and linear
polypropylene-ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer wax. 2. When
enough solids had melted, the contents were mixed with moderate
speed until all solids had melted at 95 Celsius degrees. 3. The
temperature was slightly lowered to 85 Celsius degrees and pigments
and mica were added. 4. The contents of main beaker A was
transferred to a Silverson mixer for emulsification while
maintaining the temperature at 85-90 Celsius degrees. 5. In a
separate beaker 2, glycerin, sugar silicone surfactant and PEI-35
were added into DI water and mixed and heated to 85 Celsius
degrees. 6. The contents of side beaker B was added dropwise into
the beaker A while emulsifying at 9000 rpm under the Silverson
mixer for 30 minutes. Afterward, the emulsification speed was
lowered to 2000 rpm for 5 minutes until contents were cooled to 25
Celsius degrees. 7. The contents of main beaker A were poured into
the container.
Example 5
TABLE-US-00007 [0171] Phase Chemical Name Example 5 A Non-volatile
Solvent Q.S. A Polyethylene 400 8.00 A C.sub.26-28 a-olefin-maleic
acid 7.00 anhydride copolymer wax A Pigment 3.50 A Mica 2.00 B
Deionized Water 22.50 B PEI-35 0.25 B Glycerin 3.00 B Sugar
Silicone Surfactant 10.00 Total 100.00
Procedure:
[0172] 1. The following were added to a suitable size beaker A and
heated to 95 Celsius degrees: non-volatile solvent, polyethylene
400, and Oil-soluble high carbon polar modified polymer. [0173] 2.
When enough solids had melted, the contents were mixed with
moderate speed until all solids had melted at 95 Celsius degrees.
[0174] 3. The temperature was slightly lowered to 85 Celsius
degrees and pigments and mica were added. [0175] 4. The contents of
main beaker A were transferred to a Silverson mixer for
emulsification while maintaining the temperature at 85-90 Celsius
degrees. [0176] 5. In a separate beaker 2, glycerin, sugar silicone
surfactant and PEI-35 were added into DI water, mixed and heated to
85 Celsius degrees. [0177] 6. The contents of side beaker B were
added dropwise into the beaker A while emulsifying at 9000 rpm
under the Silverson mixer for 30 minutes. Afterward, the
emulsification speed was lowered to 2000 rpm for 5 minutes. [0178]
7. The contents were poured into lipstick molds at 80 Celsius
degrees. [0179] 8. The lipstick in molds was placed in a cooling
tunnel for 15 minutes at -10 Celsius degrees. Once cooled, the
lipstick in molds were removed from the cooling tunnel to
equilibrate to 25 Celsius degrees and removed from the molds after
lipsticks had thawed to 25 Celsius degrees.
Example 6
TABLE-US-00008 [0180] Phase Chemical Name Example 6 A Non-volatile
Solvent Q.S. A C.sub.26-28 a-olefin-maleic acid 7.00 anhydride
copolymer wax A Pigment 3.50 A Mica 2.00 B Deionized Water 40.00 B
PEI-35 0.25 B Glycerin 3.00 B Sugar Silicone Surfactant 10.00 Total
100.00
Procedure:
[0181] 1. The following were added to a suitable size beaker A and
heated to 95 Celsius degrees: non-volatile solvent and Oil-soluble
high carbon polar modified polymer. When enough solids had melted,
the contents were mixed with moderate speed until all solids had
melted at 95 Celsius degrees. The temperature was slightly lowered
to 85 Celsius degrees and pigments and mica were added. 2. The
contents of main beaker A were transferred to a Silverson mixer for
emulsification while maintaining the temperature at 85-90 Celsius
degrees. In a separate beaker 2, glycerin, sugar silicone
surfactant and PEI-35 were added into DI water and mixed and heated
to 85 Celsius degrees. 3. The contents of side beaker B were added
dropwise into the beaker A while emulsifying at 9000 rpm under the
Silverson mixer for 30 minutes. Afterward, the emulsification speed
was lowered to 2000 rpm for 5 minutes until the contents were
cooled to 25 Celsius degrees. 4. The contents of main beaker A was
poured into container.
Example 7
TABLE-US-00009 [0182] Phase Component Example 7 A C20-C40 Pareth-10
7.00 A Propylene-ethylene- 7.00 Maleic Anhydride Copolymer A
Isohexadecane 2.33 A Iron Oxides 8.0 A Isododecane 30.92 A
Propylparaben 0.2 B DI Water 19.00 B Disodium EDTA 0.1 B Potassium
Cetyl Phosphate 2.00 B Methylparaben 0.25 B
Gluconamidoethylaminopropylsilocone 20.00 (and) Alcohol B
Polyethyleneimine (PEI-35) 2.00 C Simethicone 0.1 D Phenoxyethanol
(and) 1.1 Methylparaben (and) Isopropylparaben (and)
Isobutylparaben (and) Butylparaben Total 100
Procedure:
[0183] 1. In the main beaker A, the following were added:
Isododecane, C20-C40 Pareth-10, Polypropylene-ethylene-Maleic
Anhydride Copolymer wax, and propylparaben. The contents were then
heated to 90.degree. C. until all solids melted. 2. Added Iron
Oxides into main beaker and started homogenizing batch for 1 h at
850 RPM. (Temperature maintained at 85-90.degree. C.) 3. In another
beaker B, added deionized water, Disodium EDTA, Potassium Cetyl
Phosphate, Methylparaben, Gluconamidoethylaminopropylsilocone (and)
Alcohol and Polyethyleneimine (PEI-35). Mixed until uniform. Heated
contents to 90.degree. C. 4. Slowly added contents of beaker B to
beaker A. Then added Simethicone to the mixture. The gel formation
was observed in 5 minutes after mixing A and B. 5. During the gel
formation, slowed down the mixing speed from 250 RPM to 100 RPM to
50 RPM. 6. Once the gel network became thick enough, changed to
sweep blade. Started cooling using 50 RPM. 7. At 35.degree. C.,
added a mixture of Phenoxyethanol (and) Methylparaben (and)
Isopropylparaben (and) Isobutylparaben (and) Butylparaben. 8.
Continued cooling to 25.degree. C.
Example 8
Lip Stick Composition
TABLE-US-00010 [0184] Phase Chemical Name Ex 8 A Polyglyceryl-2
Triisosterate 3.00 A Octyldodecyl Neopantanoate 15.23 A
Hydrogenated Polydecene 15.23 A Hyperbranched polyol 5.00 A
Polyethylene 400 8.00 A Polypropylene-ethylene-maleic anhydride
7.00 copolymer wax A Color Pigments 5.00 A Tricaprylin 13.80 A Mica
2.00 B Deionized Water 22.50 B Glycerin 3.00 B PEI-35 0.25
[0185] Procedure: [0186] 1. The following were added to a suitable
size beaker A and heated to 95 Celsius degrees: Polyglyceryl-2
Triisosterate, octyldodecyl neopantanoate, hydrogenated polydecene,
Hyperbranched polyol, polyethylene 400,
Polypropylene-ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer wax. [0187] 2.
When enough solids had melted, the contents were mixed with
moderate speed until all solids had melted at 95 Celsius degrees.
[0188] 3. The temperature was slightly lowered to 85 Celsius
degrees and pigments, tricaprylin and mica were added. [0189] 4.
The contents of main beaker A was transferred to a Silverson mixer
for emulsification while maintaining the temperature at 85-90
Celsius degrees. [0190] 5. In a separate beaker 2, glycerin and
PEI-35 were added into DI water and mixed and heated to 85 Celsius
degrees. [0191] 6. The contents of side beaker B was added dropwise
into the beaker A while emulsifying at 9000 rpm under the Silverson
mixer for 30 minutes. [0192] 7. Afterward, the emulsification speed
was lowered to 2000 rpm for 5 minutes. [0193] 8. The contents were
poured into lipstick molds at 80 Celsius degrees. [0194] 9. The
lipstick in molds was placed in a cooling tunnel for 15 minutes at
-10 Celsius degrees. Once cooled, the lipstick in molds were
removed from the cooling tunnel to equilibrate to 25 Celsius
degrees and removed from mold after lipsticks had thawed to 25
Celsius degrees.
Example 9
Lip Gloss Composition
TABLE-US-00011 [0195] Phase Chemical Name Ex 9 A Polyglyceryl-2
Triisosterate 6.00 A Octyldodecyl Neopantanoate 8.95 A Hydrogenated
Polydecene 8.95 A Hyperbranched polyol 5.00 A
Polypropylene-ethylene-maleic anhydride 7.00 copolymer wax A Color
Pigments 5.00 A Tricaprylin 13.80 A Mica 2.00 B Deionized Water
40.00 B Glycerin 3.00 B PEI-35 0.25
[0196] 1. The following were added to a suitable size beaker A and
heated to 95 Celsius degrees: Polyglyceryl-2 Triisosterate,
octyldodecyl neopantanoate, hydrogenated polydecene, Hyperbranched
polyol, Polypropylene-ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer wax.
[0197] 2. When enough solids had melted, the contents were mixed
with moderate speed until all solids had melted at 95 Celsius
degrees. [0198] 3. The temperature was slightly lowered to 85
Celsius degrees and pigments, tricaprylin and mica were added.
[0199] 4. The contents of main beaker A was transferred to a
Silverson mixer for emulsification while maintaining the
temperature at 85-90 Celsius degrees. [0200] 5. In a separate
beaker 2, glycerin and PEI-35 were added into DI water and mixed
and heated to 85 Celsius degrees. [0201] 6. The contents of side
beaker B was added dropwise into the beaker A while emulsifying at
9000 rpm under the Silverson mixer for 30 minutes. [0202] 7.
Afterward, the emulsification speed was lowered to 2000 rpm for 5
minutes and was cooled to 25 Celsius degrees. The contents of main
beaker A was poured into container.
Example 10
Mascara Composition
Step One: Make the PPMA-PEI Gel
TABLE-US-00012 [0203] Example10 Phase Component Gel A
Caprylic/capric Triglyceride 1 A Polylene ethylene 9.33 Maleic
Anhydride Copolymer A Iron Oxides 8 A Isododecane 39.92 A
Propylparaben 0.2 B DI Water 34 B Disodium EDTA 0.1 B Potassium
Cetyl Phosphate 2 B Methylparaben 0.25 B Pentylene Glycol 2 B
PEI-35 2 C Simethicone 0.1 D Phenoxyethanol (and) 1.1 Methylparaben
(and) Isopropylparaben (and) Isobutylparaben (and) Butylparaben
Total 100
Procedures
[0204] 1. In the main beaker A, add Isododecane, Caprylic/capric
Triglyceride, Polylene ethylene Maleic Anhydride Copolymer,
Propylparaben. Heat the content to 90.degree. C. until all solids
have melted. [0205] 2. Add Iron Oxides into main beaker and start
homogenizing batch for 1 h at 850 RPM. (Temperature maintained at
85-90.degree. C.) [0206] 3. In a side beaker B, add ID water,
Disodium EDTA, Potassium Cetyl Phosphate, Methylparaben, Pentylene
Glycol. Mix until uniform. Heat content to 90.degree. C. [0207] 4.
In the side beaker B, Add PEI, Mix until PEI dissolved.
(Temperature maintained at 85-90.degree. C.) [0208] 5. Slowly add
side beaker B to main beaker A. Then add Simethicone to the
mixture. The gel formation was observed in 5 minutes after mixing A
and B. [0209] 6. During the gel formation, slow down the mixing
speed from 250 RPM to 100 RPM to 50 RPM. [0210] 7. Once the gel
network became thick enough, change to sweep blade. Start cooling
using 50 RPM. [0211] 8. At 35.degree. C., add the mixture of
Phenoxyethanol (and) Methylparaben (and) Isopropylparaben (and)
Isobutylparaben (and) Butylparaben. [0212] 9. Continue cooling to
25.degree. C. and drop batch at 25.degree. C. Step Two: Blend
Polyol with PPMA-PEI Gel
TABLE-US-00013 [0212] Phase Component Example 10 A PPMA-PEI Gel 90
A Hyperbranched Polyalpha Olefins 10 Total 100
Procedure:
[0213] 1. Heated the Hyperbranched Polyalpha Olefins to 40.degree.
C. [0214] 2. Blended the PPMA-PEI gel with Hyperbranched Polyalpha
Olefins according to 9:1 ratio under 200 RPM for 20 mins.
Example 11
TABLE-US-00014 [0215] isohexadecane 2.25 isododecane 40.15 PP207 *
6.75 polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate 2.50 DI Water 25.50 Cellulose
0.20 Hyperbranched polyol 10.00 Polyethyleneimine 0.75 TITANIUM
DIOXIDE 7.82 IRON OXIDES 1.46 IRON OXIDES 0.52 IRON OXIDES 0.20
DISODIUM EDTA 0.20 propylene glycol 0.50 PHENOXY-2 ETHANOL 0.80
CHLORPHENESIN 0.20 ETHYL PARABEN 0.20 TOTAL 100.00 * PP207 is a
linear polypropylene-ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer wax
commercially available from Clariant under the tradename LICOCARE
PP207 LP 3349.
Procedure
[0216] 1. In container A, PP207 was melted in the isohexadecane and
isododecane until fully dissolved. The temperature was brought to
90.degree. C. 2. While maintaining the temperature, the
hyperbranched polyol, emulsifier and pigment grind were added to
container A until fully dissolved. 3. In separate container B,
water, Polyethyleneimine, cellulose, and preservatives were mixed
at 90 C 4. B was added to A slowly at high sheer (.about.700 rpm).
5. Heat was maintained at 70.degree. C.-80.degree. C. for 20
minutes while maintaining high sheer mixing. 6. The mixture was
cooled to room temperature while mixing.
Example 12
Lipstick
TABLE-US-00015 [0217] Phase Chemical Name % wt/wt A Octododecanol
10.50% A Octyldodecyl Neopantanoate 10.00% A HYDROGENATED 20.35%
POLYISOBUTENE A POLYBUTENE 5.00% A Isohexadecane 3.00% A
Tricaprylin 6.58% B C26-C28 Polar Modified 7.00% Wax B Polyethylene
400 4.00% B Polyethylene 500 4.00% B Ozokerite 0.50% B VP/Eicosene
Copolymer 3.00% B Color Pigments and Pearls 7.07% C Deionized Water
15.00% C PEI-35 0.25% C Preservatives 0.75% C Glycerin 3.00%
Procedure
[0218] 1. Phase A materials were added to a suitable size beaker A
and heated to 95 Celsius degrees. [0219] 2. When mixture was
uniform phase B materials were added and heated to 95 Celsius
degrees. [0220] 3. When enough solids had melted, the contents were
mixed with moderate speed until all solids had melted at 95 Celsius
degrees. [0221] 4. The temperature was slightly lowered to 85
Celsius degrees. [0222] 5. The contents of main beaker A were
transferred to a Silverson mixer for emulsification while
maintaining the temperature at 85-90 Celsius degrees. [0223] 6. In
a separate beaker 2, phase C materials were added and mixed and
heated to 85 Celsius degrees. [0224] 7. The contents of side beaker
B were added dropwise into the beaker A while emulsifying at 9000
rpm under the Silverson mixer for 30 minutes. Afterward, the
emulsification speed was lowered to 2000 rpm for 5 minutes. [0225]
8. The contents were poured into lipstick molds at 80 Celsius
degrees. [0226] 9. The lipstick in molds was placed in a cooling
tunnel for 15 minutes at -10 Celsius degrees. Once cooled, the
lipstick in molds were removed from the cooling tunnel to
equilibrate to 25 Celsius degrees and removed from the molds after
lipsticks had thawed to 25 Celsius degrees.
Example 13
Mascara Composition
TABLE-US-00016 [0227] Phase Chemical Name % wt/wt A Propylparaben
0.20 A Isododecane 28.00 A Oil-soluble polar modified polymer 13.33
A Iron Oxides 8.00 A Hyperbranched Polyol 20.00 B DI Water 26.92 B
Disodium EDTA 0.10 B Potassium Cetyl Phosphate 2.00 B Methylparaben
0.25 C Simethicone 0.10 D PHENOXYETHANOL (and) METHYLPARABEN (and)
1.10 ISOPROPYLPARABEN (and) ISOBUTYLPARABEN (and) BUTYLPARABEN
Procedure
[0228] 1. In a suitable size metal container A, propylparaben,
Oil-soluble polar modified polymer and Hyperbranched Polyol were
added and heat to 90 C or until all solids had melted. [0229] 2.
When all solids had melted, Isododecane was added to batch. [0230]
3. Iron oxides was added to batch and was homogenized for at least
1 hour. [0231] 4. In side tank B with water bath, phase B was added
and mixed into batch until uniform. Batch was heated to 90 C.
[0232] 5. Mix side tank B for 20 minutes. [0233] 6. When both tanks
were at temperature, side tank B was slowly added to main tank A
while homogenizing at 850 rpm. [0234] 7. After 5 minutes of
homogenizing, Simethicone was added to batch and homogenized for 30
minutes at 90 C. [0235] 8. Batch was cooled naturally to 25 C.
[0236] 9. Phase D was added to container A at 35 C and was
furthered cooled to 25 C. [0237] 10. The contents were poured into
appropriate containers.
Example 14
Lipstick
TABLE-US-00017 [0238] Phase Chemical Name Ex 14 A Polyglyceryl-2
Triisosterate 3.00 A Octyldodecyl Neopantanoate 14.18 A
Hydrogenated Polydecene Q.S. A Hyperbranched polyol 5.00 A
Polyethylene 400 8.00 A Oil-soluble polar modified polymer 7.00 A
Tricaprylin 13.80 A Color pigments 5.00 A Mica 2.00 B Deionized
Water 22.50 B Glycerin 3.00
[0239] Procedure [0240] 1. The following were added to a suitable
size beaker A and heated to 95 Celsius degrees: Polyglyceryl-2
Triisosterate, octyldodecyl neopantanoate, hydrogenated polydecene,
Hyperbranched poloyl, polyethylene 400, Color pigment, Oil-soluble
polar modified polymer, tricaprylin. [0241] 2. When enough solids
had melted, the contents were mixed with moderate speed until all
solids had melted at 95 Celsius degrees. [0242] 3. The temperature
was slightly lowered to 85 Celsius degrees and pigments and mica
were added. [0243] 4. The contents of main beaker A was transferred
to a Silverson mixer for emulsification while maintaining the
temperature at 85-90 Celsius degrees. [0244] 5. In a separate
beaker 2, glycerin was added into DI water and mixed and heated to
85 Celsius degrees. [0245] 6. The contents of side beaker B was
added dropwise into the beaker A while emulsifying at 9000 rpm
under the Silverson mixer for 30 minutes. [0246] 7. Afterward, the
emulsification speed was lowered to 2000 rpm for 5 minutes. [0247]
8. The contents were poured into lipstick molds at 80 Celsius
degrees. [0248] 9. The lipstick in molds was placed in a cooling
tunnel for 15 minutes at -10 Celsius degrees. Once cooled, the
lipstick in molds were removed from the cooling tunnel to
equilibrate to 25 Celsius degrees and removed from mold after
lipsticks had thawed to 25 Celsius degrees.
Example 15
Lip Gloss
TABLE-US-00018 [0249] Phase Chemical Name Ex 15 A Polyglyceryl-2
Triisosterate 6.00 A Octyldodecyl Neopantanoate 5.93 A Hydrogenated
Polydecene Q.S. A Hyperbranched polyol 5.00 A Oil-soluble polar
modified polymer 10.00 A Tricaprylin 13.80 A Color pigments 5.00 A
Mica 2.00 B Deionized Water 40.00 B Glycerin 3.00
Procedure
[0250] 1. The following were added to a suitable size beaker A and
heated to 95 Celsius degrees: Polyglyceryl-2 Triisosterate,
octyldodecyl neopantanoate, hydrogenated polydecene, Hyperbranched
polyol, Color pigment, Oil-soluble polar modified polymer,
tricaprylin. [0251] 2. When enough solids had melted, the contents
were mixed with moderate speed until all solids had melted at 95
Celsius degrees. [0252] 3. The temperature was slightly lowered to
85 Celsius degrees and pigments and mica were added. [0253] 4. The
contents of main beaker A was transferred to a Silverson mixer for
emulsification while maintaining the temperature at 85-90 Celsius
degrees. [0254] 5. In a separate beaker 2, glycerin was added into
DI water and mixed and heated to 85 Celsius degrees. [0255] 6. The
contents of side beaker B was added dropwise into the beaker A
while emulsifying at 9000 rpm under the Silverson mixer for 30
minutes. [0256] 7. Afterward, the emulsification speed was lowered
to 2000 rpm for 5 minutes. [0257] 8. The contents of main beaker A
was poured into container.
Example 16
Foundation
TABLE-US-00019 [0258] Chemical Name Weight % A isododecane Q.S.
Oil-soluble polar 6 modified polymer hyperbranched polyol 10
Pigments 10 polyglyceryl-2- 2.5 triisostearate B DI Water 25.5
cellulose 0.2 PHENOXY-2 ETHANOL 0.80 Total 100
Procedure
[0259] 1. In container A, Oil-soluble polar modified polymer and
Hyperbranched Polyol were melted in isododecane until fully
dissolved. The temperature was brought to 900 C. 2. While
maintaining the temperature, polyglyceryl-2-triisostearate and
pigment were added to container A until fully dissolved. 3. In a
separate container B, water, glycerin, and preservatives were mixed
and heated to 90.degree. C. 4. The contents of container B were
added to the contents of container A slowly at high sheer
(.about.1000 rpm). 5. Heat was maintained at 70.degree.
C.-80.degree. C. for 20 minutes while maintaining high sheer
mixing. 6. The mixture was cooled to room temperature while
mixing.
Example 17 and 18
Emulsions
TABLE-US-00020 [0260] EX 17 EX 18 Phase INCI Name WT % WT % A1
Octyldodecyl Neopantanoate 33.33 33.33 A2 Hydrogenated Polydecene
33.33 33.33 A3 Hyperbranched polyol 0.00 10.00 A4
Polypropylene-ethylene-maleic 13.33 13.33 acid anhydride copolymer
wax in Isohexadecane (75% solid) (Licocare PP207) B1 Deionized
Water 10.00 10.00 2 Glycerin (polyol) 10.00 0.00 Total 100.00
100.00
Procedure
[0261] 1. In a container A, oils were added and heated to 90
Celsius degrees. Then the Licocare PP207 was added and mixed until
the wax was melted. The polyol was added later and mixed. [0262] 2.
In another container, phase B was prepared and heated to 80 Celsius
degrees. [0263] 3. Phase B was slowly added to phase A and mixed at
a speed of 2000 rpm for 30 minutes. [0264] 4. The mixture was
slowly cooled to room temperature while the mixing speed was kept
at 2000 rpm. [0265] 5. The resulting materials were gels.
Examples 19-22
Anhydrous Compositions
TABLE-US-00021 [0266] EX 19 EX 20 EX 21 EX 22 Phase INCI Name Wt %
Wt % Wt % Wt % A1 Hydrogenated Polydecene 38.33 76.67 0.00 0.00 A2
Octyldodecyl 38.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 Neopantanoate A3 Isohexadecane
0.00 0.00 76.67 0.00 A4 Isododecane 0.00 0.00 0.00 76.67 A5
Hyperbranched polyol 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 A6
Polypropylene-ethylene- 13.33 13.33 13.33 13.33 maleic acid
anhydride copolymer wax in Isohexadecane (75% SOLID) (Licocare PP
207) Total 100.00 100.0 100.0 100.0
Procedure
[0267] 1. In a container A, oils were added and heated to 90
Celsius degrees. Then the Licocare PP207 was added and mixed until
the wax was melted. The hyperbranched polyol was added later and
mixed. [0268] 2. Mixing was conducted for 20 hours and the
resulting products were in the gel state.
Example 23
Anhydrous Composition
TABLE-US-00022 [0269] EX 23 Phase INCI Name WT % A1 Hydrogenated
Polydecene 75.37 A2 Hyperbranched polyol 10.00 A3
Polypropylene-ethylene-maleic acid 13.33 anhydride copolymer wax in
Isohexadecane (75% SOLID) (Licocare PP 207) B Aqueous Citric acid
1.30 Total 100.00
Procedure
[0270] 1. In a container A, oils were added and heated to 90
Celsius degrees. Then the Licocare PP207 was added and mixed until
the wax was melted. The hyperbranched polyol was added later and
mixed. [0271] 2. The aqueous citric acid was added slowly to the
mixture in container A. [0272] 3. The mixture was heated at 90
Celsius degrees and kept for 24 hours. [0273] 4. The mixture was
slowly cooled to room temperature while the mixing speed was kept
at 2000 rpm. [0274] 5. The resulting material is a gel.
Example 24
Lipstick
TABLE-US-00023 [0275] INCI Name Hydrogenated Polyisobutene 3.0
Octyldodecyl Neopentanoate 4.8 VP/hexadecene copolymer 6.6 Regalite
8 Reaction product from example 8 10 isododecane 16.79
BIS-BEHENYL/ISOSTEARYL/PHYTOSTERYL 5.15 DIMER DILINOLEYL DIMER
DILINOLEATE isohexadecane 21.57 BLUE 1 LAKE 0.12 RED 7 0.77
TITANIUM DIOXIDE 1.58 IRON OXIDES 1.13 IRON OXIDES 0.34 IRON OXIDES
0.32 VP/EICOSANE COPOLYMER 1 POLYGLYCEROL 3 BEESWAX 1.7
POLYETHYLENE 400 5.5 POLYETHYLENE 500 6.6 PEARL 0.38 PEARL 3.35
Mica 1.3 HDI/TRIMETHYLOL HEXYLLACTONE 1 Total 100.0
Example 25
TABLE-US-00024 [0276] Isohexadecane 2.25 Isododecane 40.90 PP207 *
6.75 polyglyceryl-2 triisostearate 2.50 DI Water 25.50 Cellulose
0.20 Hyperbranched Polyol 10.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 7.82 IRON OXIDES
1.46 IRON OXIDES 0.52 IRON OXIDES 0.20 DISODIUM EDTA 0.20 propylene
glycol 0.50 PHENOXY-2 ETHANOL 0.80 CHLORPHENESIN 0.20 ETHYL PARABEN
0.20 TOTAL 100.00 * PP207 is a linear polypropylene-ethylene-maleic
anhydride copolymer wax commercially available from Clariant under
the tradename LICOCARE PP207 LP 3349.
Procedure
[0277] 1. In container A, PP207 was melted in the isohexadecane and
isododecane until fully dissolved. The temperature was brought to
90.degree. C. 2. While maintaining the temperature, the
hyperbranched polyol, emulsifier and pigment grind were added to
container A until fully dissolved. 3. In separate container B,
water, cellulose, and preservatives were mixed at room temperature.
4. B was added to A slowly at high sheer (.about.700 rpm). 5. Heat
was maintained at 70.degree. C.-80.degree. C. for 20 minutes while
maintaining high sheer mixing. 6. The mixture was cooled to room
temperature while mixing.
Example 26
Lipstick
TABLE-US-00025 [0278] Phase Chemical Name Example 1 A Non-volatile
Solvent Q.S. A Hyperbranched polyol 5.00 A Polyethylene 400 8.00 A
C26-28 polar modified wax 7.00 A Pigment 3.50 A Mica 2.00 B
Deionized Water 22.50 B Glycerin 3.00 Total 100.00
Procedure:
[0279] 1. The following were added to a suitable size beaker A and
heated to 95 Celsius degrees: non-volatile solvent, hyperbranched
polyol, polyethylene 400, C.sub.26-28 polar modified wax. [0280] 2.
When enough solids had melted, the contents were mixed with
moderate speed until all solids had melted at 95 Celsius degrees.
[0281] 3. The temperature was slightly lowered to 85 Celsius
degrees and pigments and mica were added. [0282] 4. The contents of
main beaker A was transferred to a Silverson mixer for
emulsification while maintaining the temperature at 85-90 Celsius
degrees. [0283] 5. In a separate beaker 2, glycerin was added into
DI water and mixed and heated to 85 Celsius degrees. [0284] 6. The
contents of side beaker B was added dropwise into the beaker A
while emulsifying at 9000 rpm under the Silverson mixer for 30
minutes. Afterward, the emulsification speed was lowered to 2000
rpm for 5 minutes. [0285] 7. The contents were poured into lipstick
molds at 80 Celsius degrees. [0286] 8. The lipstick in molds was
placed in a cooling tunnel for 15 minutes at -10 Celsius degrees.
Once cooled, the lipstick in molds were removed from the cooling
tunnel to equilibrate to 25 Celsius degrees and removed from mold
after lipsticks had thawed to 25 Celsius degrees.
Example 27
Lip Gloss
TABLE-US-00026 [0287] Phase Chemical Name Example 27 A Non-volatile
Solvent Q.S. A C.sub.26-28 polar modified wax 7.00 A Hyperbranched
polyol 5.00 A Pigment 3.50 A Mica 2.00 B Deionized Water 40.00 B
Glycerin 3.00 Total 100.00
Procedure:
[0288] 1. The following were added to a suitable size beaker A and
heated to 95 Celsius degrees: non-volatile solvent, hyperbranched
polyol, C.sub.26-28 polar modified wax. [0289] 2. When enough
solids had melted, the contents were mixed with moderate speed
until all solids had melted at 95 Celsius degrees. [0290] 3. The
temperature was slightly lowered to 85 Celsius degrees and pigments
and mica were added. [0291] 4. The contents of main beaker A was
transferred to a Silverson mixer for emulsification while
maintaining the temperature at 85-90 Celsius degrees. [0292] 5. In
a separate beaker 2, glycerin was added into DI water and mixed and
heated to 85 Celsius degrees. [0293] 6. The contents of side beaker
B was added dropwise into the beaker A while emulsifying at 9000
rpm under the Silverson mixer for 30 minutes. Afterward, the
emulsification speed was lowered to 2000 rpm for 5 minutes until
contents were cooled to 25 Celsius degrees. [0294] 7. The contents
of main beaker A was poured into container.
Example 28
Foundation
TABLE-US-00027 [0295] Chemcial Name % A isododecane Q.S. C26-28
polar 10 modified wax hyperbranched 10 polyol Pigment 10
polyglyceryl-2- 2.5 triisostearate B DI Water 25.5 cellulose 0.2
PHENOXY-2 0.80 ETHANOL Total 100
Procedure
[0296] 1. In container A, Oil-soluble high carbon polar modified
polymer and hyperbranched polyol was melted in isododecane until
fully dissolved. The temperature was brought to 900 C. 2. While
maintaining the temperature, polyglyceryl-2-triisostearate and
pigment were added to container A until fully dissolved. 3. In a
separate container B, water, cellulose, and preservatives were
mixed and heated to 90.degree. C. 4. The contents of container B
were added to the contents of container A slowly at high sheer
(.about.1000 rpm). 5. Heat was maintained at 70.degree.
C.-80.degree. C. for 20 minutes while maintaining high sheer
mixing. 6. The mixture was cooled to room temperature while
mixing.
Examples 29-34
Reaction Product
TABLE-US-00028 [0297] Chemical Name Trade Name EX 29 EX 30 EX 31 EX
32 EX 33 EX 34 Isohexadeane 78.00 78.00 70.00 64.00 64.00 50.00
Hyperbranched 7.00 11.00 10.00 18.00 11.00 25.00 polyol C26-C28
ALPHA Licocare 15.00 11.00 20.00 18.00 25.00 25.00 OLEFIN CM 401
MALEIC ACID LP3345 ANHYDRIDE COPOLYMER 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
100.00 100.00
Procedure
[0298] 1. In a container A, oil was added and heated to 110 Celsius
degrees. Then the Licocare CM401 was added and mixed until the wax
was melted. [0299] 2. Then, the hyperbranched polyol was added and
mixed at 140 Celsius degrees. [0300] 3. Mixing was conducted from
45 minutes to 6 hours until the resulting products were in the gel
state.
* * * * *