U.S. patent application number 14/105489 was filed with the patent office on 2014-06-26 for antiperspirant and deodorant compositions.
This patent application is currently assigned to The Procter & Gamble Company. The applicant listed for this patent is The Procter & Gamble Company. Invention is credited to Jonathan Robert CETTI, Zerlina Guzdar DUBOIS, Virginia Tzung-Hwei HUTCHINS, Michael Wayne KINSEY.
Application Number | 20140179748 14/105489 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 49881147 |
Filed Date | 2014-06-26 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140179748 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
CETTI; Jonathan Robert ; et
al. |
June 26, 2014 |
Antiperspirant and Deodorant Compositions
Abstract
The present application relates to personal care compositions
including perfumes and sulfur-based perfume raw materials, and
methods for making and using the personal care compositions to
resist consumer fragrance habituation.
Inventors: |
CETTI; Jonathan Robert;
(Mason, OH) ; DUBOIS; Zerlina Guzdar; (Mason,
OH) ; HUTCHINS; Virginia Tzung-Hwei; (Cincinnati,
OH) ; KINSEY; Michael Wayne; (Lebanon, OH) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
The Procter & Gamble Company |
Cincinnati |
OH |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
The Procter & Gamble
Company
Cincinnati
OH
|
Family ID: |
49881147 |
Appl. No.: |
14/105489 |
Filed: |
December 13, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61737257 |
Dec 14, 2012 |
|
|
|
61869241 |
Aug 23, 2013 |
|
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61879217 |
Sep 18, 2013 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
514/365 ;
510/101; 510/103; 514/675 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 8/28 20130101; A61K
8/41 20130101; A61K 8/4986 20130101; A61K 8/738 20130101; A61K 8/11
20130101; A61K 8/496 20130101; A61Q 19/00 20130101; A61Q 5/02
20130101; C11B 9/0011 20130101; A61K 8/494 20130101; C11B 9/0092
20130101; A61K 8/49 20130101; A61K 2800/56 20130101; A61K 8/40
20130101; A61K 8/46 20130101; A61Q 13/00 20130101; A61K 2800/77
20130101; C11D 3/001 20130101; A61L 9/01 20130101; A61Q 19/10
20130101; A61Q 15/00 20130101; C11B 9/0096 20130101; A61K 8/4926
20130101; C11B 9/0023 20130101; C11D 3/502 20130101; C11D 11/0017
20130101; C11B 9/0084 20130101; A61K 8/602 20130101; A61K 8/445
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
514/365 ;
510/103; 510/101; 514/675 |
International
Class: |
A61K 8/49 20060101
A61K008/49; A61Q 19/00 20060101 A61Q019/00; A61K 8/46 20060101
A61K008/46; A61Q 19/10 20060101 A61Q019/10; A61Q 5/02 20060101
A61Q005/02 |
Claims
1. A personal care composition comprising a perfume, the perfume
comprising, based on total perfume weight, from about 0.000001% to
about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising a sulfur atom, such
that the perfume raw material resists the fragrance habituation of
a consumer to the personal care composition.
2. The personal care composition of claim 1 comprising from about
0.001% to about 0.1%, of the perfume raw material.
3. The personal care composition of claim 1, wherein the perfume
raw material further comprises one or more of an oxygen atom and a
nitrogen atom.
4. The personal care composition of claim 1 exhibits an
anti-habituating effect on a consumer.
5. A personal care composition comprising a perfume, the perfume
comprising, based on total perfume weight, a perfume raw material
selected from the group consisting of: a. from about 0.0000001% to
about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising a thiol moiety; b.
from about 0.0000001% to about 10%, of a perfume raw material
comprising a sulfide moiety; c. from about 0.0000001% to about 10%,
of a perfume raw material comprising a thiazole moiety; d. from
about 0.0000001% to about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising
an oxathiane moiety; e. from about 0.00000005% to about 5%, of a
perfume raw material comprising an isothiocyanate; f. from about
0.000001% to about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising a
oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen; and g. mixtures thereof; such that
the perfume raw material resists the fragrance habituation of a
consumer to the personal care composition.
6. The personal care composition of claim 5, wherein the perfume
raw material is selected from the group consisting of: a. from
about 0.00001% to about 1%, of the perfume raw material comprising
the thiol moiety; b. from about 0.00001% to about 1%, of the
perfume raw material comprising the sulfide moiety; c. from about
0.0005% to about 1%, of the perfume raw material comprising the
thiazole moiety; d. from about 0.00001% to about 1%, of the perfume
raw material comprising the oxathiane moiety; e. from about
0.000001% to about 1%, of the perfume raw material comprising the
isothiocyanate; and f. from about 0.0005% to about 1%, of the
perfume raw material comprising the oxygen, sulfur, and
nitrogen.
7. The personal care composition of claim 6, wherein the perfume
raw material is selected from the group consisting of: a. from
about 0.000025% to about 0.8%, of the perfume raw material
comprising the thiol moiety; b. from about 0.000025% to about 0.5%,
of the perfume raw material comprising the sulfide moiety; c. from
about 0.001% to about 0.1%, of the perfume raw material comprising
the thiazole moiety; d. from about 0.000025% to about 0.8%, of the
perfume raw material comprising the oxathiane moiety; e. from about
0.000005% to about 0.5%, of the perfume raw material comprising the
isothiocyanate; and f. from about 0.001% to about 0.1%, of the
perfume raw material comprising the oxygen, sulfur, and
nitrogen.
8. The personal care composition of claim 5, wherein: the thiol
moiety is selected from the group consisting of
5-methyl-5-sulfanylhexan-3-one;
2-(4-methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)propane-2-thiol;
5-methyl-2-(2-sulfanylpropan-2-yl)cyclohexan-1-one;
4,7,7-trimethyl-6-thiabicyclo[3.2.1]octane;
4-methoxy-2-methylbutane-2-thiol; methanethiol; ethanethiol;
prop-2-ene-1-thiol; propane-2-thiol; 2-methylpropane-2-thiol;
propane-1-thiol; butane-2-thiol; butane-1-thiol;
2-methylpropane-1-thiol; methyldisulfanylmethane;
2-methylbutane-2-thiol; 3-methylbutane-2-thiol;
3-methylbutane-2-thiol; pentane-2-thiol; pentane-1-thiol;
2-methylbutane-1-thiol; cyclopentanethiol;
3-methyldisulfanylprop-1-ene; methylsulfanyldisulfanylmethane;
1-methyldisulfanylpropane; ethane-1,2-dithiol;
1-(methyldisulfanyl)prop-1-ene; 3-sulfanylbutan-2-one;
ethyldisulfanylethane; hexane-1-thiol; 1-ethyldisulfanylpropane;
thiophene-2-thiol; propane-1,3-dithiol; 3-sulfanylpentan-2-one;
2-propan-2-yldisulfanylpropane; butane-1,4-dithiol; benzenethiol;
ethyl sulfanyldisulfanylethane;
3-methylsulfanyldisulfanylprop-1-ene; 1-methyl
sulfanyldisulfanylpropane; butane-2,3-dithiol;
4-methyl-4-sulfanylpentan-2-one; 3-prop-2-enyldisulfanylprop-1-ene;
1-methoxyhexane-3-thiol; ethyl 2-sulfanylpropanoate;
1-(prop-2-enyldisulfanyl)propane; 1-propyldisulfanylpropane;
1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethanone butane-1,3-dithiol;
1-propyldisulfanylprop-1-ene; 2-methylbenzenethiol;
thiophen-2-ylmethanethiol; 3-sulfanylbutan-2-ol; phenylmethanethiol
pentane-1,5-dithiol; 2-ethylbenzenethiol;
3-prop-2-enylsulfanyldisulfanylprop-1-ene;
methyldisulfanyldisulfanylmethane;
1-propylsulfanyldisulfanylpropane;
2,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptane-2-thiol;
2,6-dimethylbenzenethiol; 2-phenylethanethiol; hexane-1,6-dithiol;
2-(methyldisulfanylmethyl)furan; pyridin-2-ylmethanethiol;
2-methoxybenzenethiol;
(7,7-dimethyl-2-bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanyl)methanethiol;
methyldisulfanylbenzene; 1-butyldisulfanylbutane;
(4-methoxyphenyl)methanethiol; 2-sulfanylpropanoic acid; ethyl
2-methyldisulfanylpropanoate;
(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-diene-1-thiol;
3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-diene-1-thiol; pyrazin-2-ylmethanethiol;
methyldisulfanylmethylbenzene;
2-methyl-5-(1-sulfanylpropan-2-yl)cyclohexane-1-thiol;
octane-1,8-dithiol; 2-pyrazin-2-ylethanethiol; naphthalene-2-thiol;
2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid; 2-thiophen-2-yldisulfanylthiophene;
cyclohexyldisulfanylcyclohexane;
2-(furan-2-ylmethyldisulfanylmethyl)furan; phenyldisulfanylbenzene;
benzyldisulfanylmethylbenzene; 8-Hydroxy-5-quinolinesulfonic acid;
bis(3-methylbutyl) 2-sulfanylbutanedioate; 2-aminoethanesulfonic
acid; 2-phenyl-3H-benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid;
2-methyl-2-sulfanylpentan-1-01; and mixtures thereof; the sulfide
moiety is selected from the group consisting of
1-butylsulfanylbutane; ethyl 3-methyl sulfanylpropanoate;
2-(methylsulfanylmethyl)furan; methylsulfanylmethane;
methylsulfanylethane; 3-methylsulfanylprop-1-ene; S-methyl
ethanethioate; ethylsulfanylethane; 1-methylsulfanylpropane;
S-ethyl ethanethioate; 1-methylsulfanylbutane;
2-propan-2-ylsulfanylpropane; bis(methylsulfanyl)methane;
1-ethylsulfanylpropane; thiolane; 1-propylsulfanylpropane;
1-ethylsulfanylbutane; S-ethyl propanethioate; S-methyl
butanethioate; S-methyl 3-methylbutanethioate;
3-methylsulfanylpropanal; 3-prop-2-enylsulfanylprop-1-ene; methyl
2-methylsulfanylacetate; S-prop-2-enyl propanethioate;
1-methylsulfanylbutan-2-one; 4-methyl sulfanylbutan-2-one;
3-methylsulfanylpropan-1-am; 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-trithiane;
3-methylsulfanylbutanal; 2-methyl-1,3-thiazolidine;
2-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole; ethyl 2-methylsulfanylacetate;
methyl 3-methylsulfanylpropanoate; S-propan-2-yl
3-methylbutanethioate; 4-methyl-4-methylsulfanylpentan-2-one;
2-methyl-1,3-dithiolane; methyl 2-methylsulfanylbutanoate; S-methyl
furan-2-carbothioate; S-propan-2-yl 3-methylbut-2-enethioate;
thiolan-3-one; 3,5-diethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane;
methylsulfanylmethylbenzene; 3-methyl sulfanylpropan-1-ol;
2-(propan-2-ylsulfanylmethyl)furan; 2-methyl-5-methylsulfanylfuran;
S-(furan-2-ylmethyl)methanethioate; 1,2,4-trithiolane;
2-methylthiolan-3-one; 4-methylsulfanylbutan-1-ol; S-butan-2-yl
3-methylbutanethioate; S-butan-2-yl 3-methylbut-2-enethioate;
S-(furan-2-ylmethyl)ethanethioate; 2-propyl-1,3-thiazolidine;
3-methyl-1,1-bis(methylsulfanyl)butane; 3-ethylsulfanylpropan-1-ol;
S-methyl benzenecarbothioate; 3,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane;
S-butan-2-yl 2-methylbutanethioate; methylsulfanylbenzene;
1-pentylsulfanylpentane; (2R,4S)-2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane;
2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane; ethyl
2-methyl-2-methylsulfanylpropanoate;
S-(furan-2-ylmethyl)propanethioate;
4,7,7-trimethyl-6-thiabicyclo[3.2.1]octane;
3-methyl-1,2,4-trithiane; methyl sulfanylmethyl hexanoate;
1-(4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone; 3-methylsulfanylpropanoic
acid; 5-methylsulfanyl-2-(methylsulfanylmethyl)pent-2-enal;
4,5-dimethyl-2-(2-methylpropyl)-2,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole;
3-methylsulfanylhexan-1-ol; 2-methyl-4,5-dihydrofuran-3-thiol
acetate; 4-(3-oxobutylsulfanyl)butan-2-one;
3-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid; 2-methylsulfanylpyrazine;
2-methyl-3-methylsulfanylpyrazine;
2-(furan-2-ylmethylsulfanylmethyl)furan;
2-(methylsulfanylmethyl)pyrazine;
3,5-di(propan-2-yl)-1,2,4-trithiolane; 2-methylsulfanylphenol;
2-methyl-3-methylsulfanylpyrazine; ethyl
3-(furan-2-ylmethylsulfanyl)propanoate;
2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethyl-1,3,5-trithiane;
2-methyl-5,7-dihydrothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidine;
2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid;
(2S)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid;
2',3a-dimethylspiro[6,6a-dihydro-5H-[1,3]dithiolo[4,5-b]furan-2,3'-oxolan-
e]; 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol; Methyl 2-thiofuroate; and
mixtures thereof; the thiazole moiety is selected from the group
consisting of 2-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3-thiazole;
2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol;
4-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-1,3-thiazole; 1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone;
2,4,5-Trimethylthiazole; 2-isopropyl-4-methylthiazole;
4-vinyl-5-methylthiazole; 2,4-Dimethyl-5-acetylthiazole
1,3-thiazole; 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole; 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-thiazole;
4,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazole; 2,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazole;
5-ethenyl-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole; 2-ethyl-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole;
4-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole; 2-propyl-1,3-thiazole;
2,4,5-trimethyl-1,3-thiazole; 2-ethyl-1,3-thiazole;
2-ethoxy-1,3-thiazole; 2-butan-2-yl-1,3-thiazole;
5-methoxy-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole; 2-ethyl-4,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazole;
1,3-benzothiazole; 2,5-diethyl-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole;
1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)propan-1-one;
4,5-dimethyl-2-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3-thiazole;
2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazole;
1-(2,4-dimethyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanone;
4-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-1,3-thiazole; and mixtures thereof; the
oxathiane moiety is selected from the group consisting of
(2R,4S)-2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane,
2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane, 2-pentyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane;
and mixtures thereof; and the perfume raw material comprising
oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen is selected from the group consisting
of 2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol;
1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone;
6-methyl-7-Oxa-1-thia-4-azaspiro[4.4]nonane;
2-[(furan-2-ylmethyl)sulfanyl]-5-methylpyrazine;
2,4-Dimethyl-5-acetylthiazole; 2-ethoxy-1,3-thiazole;
5-methoxy-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole;
1-(4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone;
1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)propan-1-one;
1-(2,4-dimethyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanone;
2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid;
(2S)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid;
8-Hydroxy-5-quinolinesulfonic acid; 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid;
2-phenyl-3H-benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid; and mixtures
thereof.
9. The personal care composition of claim 8, wherein: the thiol
moiety is selected from the group consisting of
5-methyl-5-sulfanylhexan-3-one;
2-(4-methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)propane-2-thiol;
5-methyl-2-(2-sulfanylpropan-2-yl)cyclohexan-1-one;
4,7,7-trimethyl-6-thiabicyclo[3.2.1]octane;
4-methoxy-2-methylbutane-2-thiol; and mixtures thereof; the sulfide
moiety is selected from the group consisting of
1-butylsulfanylbutane; ethyl 3-methylsulfanylpropanoate;
2-(methylsulfanylmethyl)furan; and mixtures thereof; the thiazole
moiety is selected from the group consisting of
2-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3-thiazole;
2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol;
4-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-1,3-thiazole;
4-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-1,3-thiazole; 1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone;
and mixtures thereof; the oxathiane moiety is
(2R,4S)-2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane; and the perfume raw
material comprising oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen is selected from
the group consisting of 2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol,
1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone;
6-methyl-7-Oxa-1-thia-4-azaspiro[4.4]nonane; and mixtures
thereof.
10. The personal care composition of claim 5, wherein the perfume
raw materials are: (a) 5-mercapto-5-methyl-3-hexanone;
p-mentha-8-thiol-3-one; and 1-para-menthene-8-thiol; or (b)
2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol;
2-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3-thiazol; and
4-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-1-,3-thiazole.
11. The personal care composition of claim 5, wherein the perfume
raw material is 2-methyl-3-methylsulfanylpyrazine.
12. The personal care composition of claim 5 exhibits an
anti-habituating effect on a consumer.
13. The personal care composition of 5 is a body wash.
14. The personal care composition of claim 13, wherein the body
wash is a single-phase body wash or a multi-phase body wash.
15. The personal care composition of claim 5 is a shampoo or
lotion.
16. The personal care composition of claim 5 is a bar soap.
17. The personal care composition of claim 5, wherein the personal
care composition further comprises a perfume delivery system
configured to deliver the perfume and perfume raw materials.
18. The personal care composition of claim 5, further comprising a
perfume raw material comprising a nitrogen atom.
19. The personal care composition of claim 18, wherein the perfume
raw material comprising a nitrogen atom is
(NE)-N-[(6E)-2,4,4,7-tetramethylnona-6,8-dien-3-ylidene]hydroxylamine).
20. A method of resisting the fragrance habituation of a personal
care composition, the method comprising: forming a personal care
composition comprising a perfume, the perfume comprising, based on
total perfume weight, a perfume raw material selected from the
group consisting of: a. from about 0.0000001% to about 10%, of a
perfume raw material comprising a thiol moiety; b. from about
0.0000001% to about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising a
sulfide moiety; c. from about 0.0000001% to about 10%, of a perfume
raw material comprising a thiazole moiety; d. from about 0.0000001%
to about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising a oxathiane
moiety; e. from about 0.00000005% to about 5%, of a perfume raw
material comprising an isothiocyanate; f. from about 0.000001% to
about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising a sulfur, oxygen
and nitrogen; and g. mixtures thereof.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to personal care
compositions comprising perfumes and sulfur-based perfume raw
materials, as well as methods for making and using such personal
care compositions to resist consumer fragrance habituation.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Consumers desire personal care compositions that provide a
desired and long-lasting fragrance or scent each time the
composition is applied or used. Consumers may also expect
compositions that provide a scent that can mask or override other
undesirable odors. While current personal care compositions provide
desirable scents, consumers become habituated to the perfume raw
materials (PRMs) and perfumes utilized in the existing
compositions. As a result, for consumers to perceive the desired
scent consumers can use increasingly large amounts of the product
to overcome the habituation or the consumer can to switch to a
different product utilizing a different perfume for a significant
period of time to reverse the habituation. There is, therefore, a
need for personal care compositions that provide long-lasting and
desirable scents that do not cause a habituation effect in
consumers and do not require consumers to modify their habits.
SUMMARY
[0003] In one example, a personal care composition includes a
perfume. The perfume includes, based on total perfume weight, from
about 0.000001% to about 10%, of a perfume raw material. The
perfume raw material includes a sulfur atom. The perfume raw
material resists the fragrance habituation of a consumer to the
personal care composition.
[0004] In one example, a personal care composition includes a
perfume. The perfume includes, based on total perfume weight, a
perfume raw material. The perfume raw material is selected from the
group consisting of: (a) from about 0.0000001% to about 10%, of a
perfume raw material comprising a thiol moiety; (b) from about
0.0000001% to about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising a
sulfide moiety; (c) from about 0.0000001% to about 10%, of a
perfume raw material comprising a thiazole moiety; (d) from about
0.0000001% to about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising an
oxathiane moiety; (e) from about 0.00000005% to about 5%, of a
perfume raw material comprising an isothiocyanate; (f) from about
0.000001% to about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising a
oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen; and (g) mixtures thereof. The perfume
raw material resists the fragrance habituation of a consumer to the
personal care composition.
[0005] In one example, a method of resisting the fragrance
habituation of a personal care composition is provided. The method
includes forming a personal care composition having a perfume. The
perfume includes, based on total perfume weight, a perfume raw
material. The perfume raw material is selected from the group
consisting of: (a) from about 0.0000001% to about 10%, of a perfume
raw material comprising a thiol moiety; (b) from about 0.0000001%
to about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising a sulfide
moiety; (c) from about 0.0000001% to about 10%, of a perfume raw
material comprising a thiazole moiety; (d) from about 0.0000001% to
about 10%, of a perfume raw material comprising a oxathiane moiety;
(e) from about 0.00000005% to about 5%, of a perfume raw material
comprising an isothiocyanate; (f) from about 0.000001% to about
10%, of a perfume raw material comprising a sulfur, oxygen and
nitrogen; and (g) mixtures thereof.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0006] This application claims priority to U.S. provisional
application No. 61/737,257 filed Dec. 14, 2012; U.S. provisional
application No. 61/869,241 filed Aug. 23, 2013; and U.S.
provisional application No. 61/879,217; all of which are
incorporated herein by reference.
DEFINITIONS
[0007] "Personal care composition" refers to compositions intended
for topical application to skin or hair and can be, for example, in
the form of a liquid, semi-liquid cream, lotion, gel, or solid.
Examples of personal care compositions can include, but are not
limited to, bar soaps, shampoos, conditioning shampoos, body
washes, moisturizing body washes, shower gels, skin cleansers,
cleansing milks, in-shower body moisturizers, pet shampoos, shaving
preparations, etc.
[0008] "Bar soap" refers to compositions intended for topical
application to a surface such as skin or hair to remove, for
example, dirt, oil, and the like. The bar soaps can be rinse-off
formulations, in which the product is applied topically to the skin
or hair and then subsequently rinsed within minutes from the skin
or hair with water. The product could also be wiped off using a
substrate. Bar soaps can be in the form of a solid (e.g.,
non-flowing) bar soap intended for topical application to skin. The
bar soap can also be in the form of a soft solid which is compliant
to the body. The bar soap additionally can be wrapped in a
substrate which remains on the bar during use.
[0009] "Rinse-off" means the intended product usage includes
application to skin and/or hair followed by rinsing and/or wiping
the product from the skin and/or hair within a few seconds to
minutes of the application step.
[0010] "STnS" refers to sodium trideceth(n) sulfate, wherein n can
define the average number of moles of ethoxylate per molecule.
[0011] "Structured" refers to having a rheology that can confer
stability on the personal care composition. A cleansing phase can
be considered to be structured if the cleansing phase has one or
more following characteristics: (a) Zero Shear Viscosity of at
least 100 Pascal-seconds (Pa-s), at least about 200 Pa-s, at least
about 500 Pa-s, at least about 1,000 Pa-s, at least about 1,500
Pa-s, or at least about 2,000 Pa-s; (b) A Structured Domain Volume
Ratio as measured by the Ultracentrifugation Method described
hereinafter, of greater than about 40%, at least about 45%, at
least about 50%, at least about 55%, at least about 60%, at least
about 65%, at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about
80%, at least about 85%, or at least about 90%; or (c) A Young's
Modulus of greater than about 2 Pascals (Pa), greater than about 10
Pa, greater than about 20 Pa, greater than about 30 Pa, greater
than about 40 Pa, greater than about 50 Pa, greater than about 75
Pa, or greater than about 100 Pa.
[0012] The term "habituating" or "habituation" refers an individual
or group who has decreased sensitivity to perceiving a fragrance or
fragrance material. A fragrance or fragrance material is considered
habituating when their Degree of Habituation (percent change in
odor detection threshold or "ODT") is greater than 150%, greater
than 300%, greater than 500%, greater than 1000% according to the
method described in the Test Methods section of this
specification.
[0013] The term "solid" includes granular, powder, bar and tablet
product forms.
[0014] The term "fluid" includes liquid, gel, paste and gas product
forms.
[0015] The term "situs" includes paper products, fabrics, garments,
hard surfaces, hair and skin.
[0016] The term "substantially free of" refers to about 2% or less,
about 1% or less, or about 0.1% or less of a stated ingredient.
"Free of" refers to no detectable amount of the stated ingredient
or thing.
Personal Care Compositions
[0017] Rinse-off personal care compositions can come in a variety
of forms. For example, a personal care composition can be in a
liquid form and can be a body wash, moisturizing body wash,
shampoo, conditioning shampoo, shower gel, skin cleansers,
cleansing milk, in-shower body moisturizer, pet shampoo, shaving
preparation, etc. Rinse-off personal care compositions can also be
in a solid form, such as a bar soap or can be in a semi-solid form,
like a paste or gel. Solid forms can also be created in many shapes
and forms such as a rectangle, or be created in a powder or pellet
form, for example. Additionally, solid and semi-solid forms can be
combined with a substrate to form an article as described in more
detail in U.S. Pre-Grant Publication Nos. 2012/0246851 A1;
2013/0043145 A1; 2013/0043146 A1; and 2013/0043147 A1.
[0018] Many personal care compositions can be water-based. However,
water can be lost through processes such as evaporation during the
process of making a personal care composition, or can be lost to
packaging materials or the like after manufacturing. A personal
care composition can, therefore, also include materials that bind
water inside the composition such that the desired level of water
can be maintained in the personal care composition. Examples of
such materials can include carbohydrate structurants and humectants
such as glycerin. Personal care compositions can also be anhydrous
and can be produced or used without any appreciable water
content.
[0019] Personal care compositions can include perfume materials.
Many consumers prefer personal care compositions that can
consistently provide a desired scent, or odor, that can be
perceived each time the product is used. Perfume materials can
provide the desired scent or odor to these personal care
compositions. These perfume (i.e., fragrance) materials can include
perfumes, perfume raw materials, and perfume delivery systems.
Habituation of the perfume materials by the consumer, however, can
lead to a diminished perception of the desired scent even when the
quantity of perfume material in the personal care composition
remains consistent.
[0020] While not being bound by theory, it is believed that
habituation is a physiological phenomenon where the body is
attempting to avoid having its sense of smell from becoming
overwhelmed by any one stimulus after repeated chronic exposure as
part of a primal, darwanistic, defense mechanism. Applicants,
therefore, theorizing that the source of the habituation problem
was evolutionary in nature, looked to odors that may be associated
with danger as Applicants believed that the evolutionary path of
those who became habituated to such odors would have been cut
short. Surprisingly, it was discovered that certain chemical
moieties that are associated with conditions that may be
detrimental to, or important in sustaining life, are not subject to
the habituation phenomenon. Personal care compositions can resist
scent habitation by incorporating these chemical moieties as either
perfume raw materials or as components in a perfume delivery
system.
[0021] In one example, a personal care composition can incorporate
a perfume that can reduce scent habituation. The perfume can
incorporate perfume raw materials that can resist the habituation
effect. The perfume raw material can include a thiol moiety, a
sulfide moiety, a thiazole moiety, an oxathiane moiety, an
isothiocyanate, and compounds comprising oxygen, sulfur, and
nitrogen. The perfume raw materials can also be a mixture of these
groups.
[0022] The quantity of perfume raw materials incorporated in a base
perfume can vary. In one example, as a weight percentage of the
total perfume, a thiol moiety can range from about 0.0000001% to
about 10%, a sulfide moiety can range from about 0.0000001% to
about 10%, a thiazole moiety can range from about 0.000001% to
about 10%, an oxathiane moiety can range from 0.0000001% to about
10%, an isothiocyanate can range from about 0.00000005% to about
5%, and the compounds comprising oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen can
range from about 0.000001% to about 10%.
[0023] In another example, as a weight percentage of the total
perfume, the thiol moiety can range from about 0.000001% to about
5%, the sulfide moiety can range from about 0.0000001% to about 5%,
the thiazole moiety can range from about 0.000005% to about 5%, the
oxathiane moiety can range from 0.000001% to about 5%, the
isothiocyanate can range from about 0.0000001% to about 2.5%, and
the compounds comprising oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen can range
from about 0.000005% to about 5%.
[0024] In another example, as a weight percentage of the total
perfume, the thiol moiety can range from about 0.000005% to about
2.5%, the sulfide moiety can range from about 0.000005% to about
2.5%, the thiazole moiety can range from about 0.00001% to about
2.5%, the oxathiane moiety can range from 0.000005% to about 2.5%,
the isothiocyanate can range from about 0.0000005% to about 2%, and
the compounds comprising oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen can range
from about 0.00001% to about 2.5%.
[0025] In another example, as a weight percentage of the total
perfume, the thiol moiety can range from about 0.00001% to about
1%, the sulfide moiety can range from about 0.00001% to about 1%,
the thiazole moiety can range from about 0.0005% to about 1%, the
oxathiane moiety can range from about 0.00001% to about 1%, the
isothiocyanate can range from about 0.000001% to about 1%, and the
compounds comprising oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen can range from
about 0.0005% to about 1%.
[0026] In another example, as a weight percentage of the total
perfume, the thiol moiety can range from about 0.000025% to about
0.8%, the sulfide moiety can range from about 0.000025% to about
0.5%, the thiazole moiety can range from about 0.001% to about
0.1%, the oxathiane moiety can range from about 0.000025% to about
0.8%, the isothiocyanate can range from about 0.000005% to about
0.5%, and the compounds comprising oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen can
range from about 0.001% to about 0.1%.
[0027] Certain perfume raw materials can be incorporated into a
base perfume to resist the habituating effect inherent to the base
perfume. As a non-limiting example, compounds having a thiol moiety
can include 5-methyl-5-sulfanylhexan-3-one;
2-(4-methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)propane-2-thiol;
5-methyl-2-(2-sulfanylpropan-2-yl)cyclohexan-1-one;
4,7,7-trimethyl-6-thiabicyclo[3.2.1]octane;
4-methoxy-2-methylbutane-2-thiol; methanethiol; ethanethiol;
prop-2-ene-1-thiol; propane-2-thiol; 2-methylpropane-2-thiol;
propane-1-thiol; butane-2-thiol; butane-1-thiol;
2-methylpropane-1-thiol; methyldisulfanylmethane;
2-methylbutane-2-thiol; 3-methylbutane-2-thiol;
3-methylbutane-2-thiol; pentane-2-thiol; pentane-1-thiol;
2-methylbutane-1-thiol; cyclopentanethiol;
3-methyldisulfanylprop-1-ene; methylsulfanyldisulfanylmethane;
1-methyldisulfanylpropane; ethane-1,2-dithiol;
1-(methyldisulfanyl)prop-1-ene; 3-sulfanylbutan-2-one;
ethyldisulfanylethane; hexane-1-thiol; 1-ethyldisulfanylpropane;
thiophene-2-thiol; propane-1,3-dithiol; 3-sulfanylpentan-2-one;
2-propan-2-yldisulfanylpropane; butane-1,4-dithiol; benzenethiol;
ethyl sulfanyldisulfanylethane;
3-methylsulfanyldisulfanylprop-1-ene; 1-methyl
sulfanyldisulfanylpropane; butane-2,3-dithiol;
4-methyl-4-sulfanylpentan-2-one; 3-prop-2-enyldisulfanylprop-1-ene;
1-methoxyhexane-3-thiol; ethyl 2-sulfanylpropanoate;
1-(prop-2-enyldisulfanyl)propane; 1-propyldisulfanylpropane;
1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethanone butane-1,3-dithiol;
1-propyldisulfanylprop-1-ene; 2-methylbenzenethiol;
thiophen-2-ylmethanethiol; 3-sulfanylbutan-2-ol; phenylmethanethiol
pentane-1,5-dithiol; 2-ethylbenzenethiol;
3-prop-2-enylsulfanyldisulfanylprop-1-ene;
methyldisulfanyldisulfanylmethane;
1-propylsulfanyldisulfanylpropane;
2,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptane-2-thiol;
2,6-dimethylbenzenethiol; 2-phenylethanethiol; hexane-1,6-dithiol;
2-(methyldisulfanylmethyl)furan; pyridin-2-ylmethanethiol;
2-methoxybenzenethiol;
(7,7-dimethyl-2-bicyclo[3.1.1]heptanyl)methanethiol;
methyldisulfanylbenzene; 1-butyldisulfanylbutane;
(4-methoxyphenyl)methanethiol; 2-sulfanylpropanoic acid; ethyl
2-methyldisulfanylpropanoate;
(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-diene-1-thiol;
3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-diene-1-thiol; pyrazin-2-ylmethanethiol;
methyldisulfanylmethylbenzene;
2-methyl-5-(1-sulfanylpropan-2-yl)cyclohexane-1-thiol;
octane-1,8-dithiol; 2-pyrazin-2-ylethanethiol; naphthalene-2-thiol;
2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid; 2-thiophen-2-yldisulfanylthiophene;
cyclohexyldisulfanylcyclohexane;
2-(furan-2-ylmethyldisulfanylmethyl)furan; phenyldisulfanylbenzene;
benzyldisulfanylmethylbenzene; 8-Hydroxy-5-quinolinesulfonic acid;
bis(3-methylbutyl) 2-sulfanylbutanedioate; 2-aminoethanesulfonic
acid; 2-phenyl-3H-benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid; and
2-methyl-2-sulfanylpentan-1-ol.
[0028] Non-limiting examples compounds that have a sulfide moiety
can include 1-butylsulfanylbutane; ethyl
3-methylsulfanylpropanoate; 2-(methylsulfanylmethyl)furan;
methylsulfanylmethane; methylsulfanylethane;
3-methylsulfanylprop-1-ene; S-methyl ethanethioate;
ethylsulfanylethane; 1-methylsulfanylpropane; S-ethyl
ethanethioate; 1-methyl sulfanylbutane;
2-propan-2-ylsulfanylpropane; bis(methylsulfanyl)methane;
1-ethylsulfanylpropane; thiolane; 1-propylsulfanylpropane;
1-ethylsulfanylbutane; S-ethyl propanethioate; S-methyl
butanethioate; S-methyl 3-methylbutanethioate;
3-methylsulfanylpropanal; 3-prop-2-enylsulfanylprop-1-ene; methyl
2-methylsulfanylacetate; S-prop-2-enyl propanethioate;
1-methylsulfanylbutan-2-one; 4-methylsulfanylbutan-2-one; 3-methyl
sulfanylpropan-1-am; 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-trithiane;
3-methylsulfanylbutanal; 2-methyl-1,3-thiazolidine;
2-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole; ethyl 2-methyl sulfanylacetate;
methyl 3-methyl sulfanylpropanoate; S-propan-2-yl
3-methylbutanethioate; 4-methyl-4-methyl sulfanylpentan-2-one;
2-methyl-1,3-dithiolane; methyl 2-methyl sulfanylbutanoate;
S-methyl furan-2-carbothioate; S-propan-2-yl
3-methylbut-2-enethioate; thiolan-3-one;
3,5-diethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane; methylsulfanylmethylbenzene;
3-methyl sulfanylpropan-1-ol; 2-(propan-2-ylsulfanylmethyl)furan;
2-methyl-5-methylsulfanylfuran; S-(furan-2-ylmethyl)methanethioate;
1,2,4-trithiolane; 2-methylthiolan-3-one;
4-methylsulfanylbutan-1-ol; S-butan-2-yl 3-methylbutanethioate;
S-butan-2-yl 3-methylbut-2-enethioate;
S-(furan-2-ylmethyl)ethanethioate; 2-propyl-1,3-thiazolidine;
3-methyl-1,1-bis(methylsulfanyl)butane; 3-ethyl
sulfanylpropan-1-ol; S-methyl benzenecarbothioate;
3,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane; S-butan-2-yl 2-methylbutanethioate;
methylsulfanylbenzene; 1-pentylsulfanylpentane;
(2R,4S)-2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane;
2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane; ethyl
2-methyl-2-methylsulfanylpropanoate;
S-(furan-2-ylmethyl)propanethioate;
4,7,7-trimethyl-6-thiabicyclo[3.2.1]octane;
3-methyl-1,2,4-trithiane; methylsulfanylmethyl hexanoate;
1-(4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone; 3-methylsulfanylpropanoic
acid; 5-methylsulfanyl-2-(methylsulfanylmethyl)pent-2-enal;
4,5-dimethyl-2-(2-methylpropyl)-2,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole;
3-methylsulfanylhexan-1-ol; 2-methyl-4,5-dihydrofuran-3-thiol
acetate; 4-(3-oxobutylsulfanyl)butan-2-one;
3-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid; 2-methylsulfanylpyrazine;
2-methyl-3-methylsulfanylpyrazine;
2-(furan-2-ylmethylsulfanylmethyl)furan;
2-(methylsulfanylmethyl)pyrazine;
3,5-di(propan-2-yl)-1,2,4-trithiolane; 2-methylsulfanylphenol;
2-methyl-3-methylsulfanylpyrazine; ethyl
3-(furan-2-ylmethylsulfanyl)propanoate;
2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethyl-1,3,5-trithiane;
2-methyl-5,7-dihydrothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidine;
2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid;
(2S)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid;
2',3a-dimethylspiro[6,6a-dihydro-5H-[1,3]dithiolo[4,5-b]furan-2,3'-oxolan-
e]; 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol; and methyl
2-thiofuroate.
[0029] Non-limiting examples of compounds that have a thiazole
moiety can include 2-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3-thiazole;
2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol;
4-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-1,3-thiazole; 1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone;
2,4,5-Trimethylthiazole; 2-isopropyl-4-methylthiazole;
4-vinyl-5-methylthiazole; 2,4-Dimethyl-5-acetylthiazole
1,3-thiazole; 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole; 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-thiazole;
4,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazole; 2,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazole;
5-ethenyl-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole; 2-ethyl-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole;
4-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole; 2-propyl-1,3-thiazole;
2,4,5-trimethyl-1,3-thiazole; 2-ethyl-1,3-thiazole;
2-ethoxy-1,3-thiazole; 2-butan-2-yl-1,3-thiazole;
5-methoxy-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole; 2-ethyl-4,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazole;
1,3-benzothiazole; 2,5-diethyl-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole;
1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)propan-1-one;
4,5-dimethyl-2-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3-thiazole;
2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazole;
1-(2,4-dimethyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanone; and
4-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-1,3-thiazole.
[0030] Non-limiting examples of compounds that have an oxathiane
moiety can include (2R,4S)-2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane,
2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane, and
2-pentyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane.
[0031] Non-limiting examples of the compounds containing oxygen,
sulfur, and nitrogen include 2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol;
1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone;
6-methyl-7-Oxa-1-thia-4-azaspiro[4.4]nonane;
2-[(furan-2-ylmethyl)sulfanyl]-5-methylpyrazine;
2,4-Dimethyl-5-acetylthiazole; 2-ethoxy-1,3-thiazole;
5-methoxy-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole;
1-(4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone;
1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)propan-1-one;
1-(2,4-dimethyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanone;
2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid;
(2S)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid;
8-Hydroxy-5-quinolinesulfonic acid; 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid;
2-phenyl-3H-benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid.
[0032] More specific examples of compounds that have a thiol moiety
can include a-methyl-5-sulfanylhexan-3-one;
2-(4-methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)propane-2-thiol;
5-methyl-2-(2-sulfanylpropan-2-yl)cyclohexan-1-one;
4,7,7-trimethyl-6-thiabicyclo[3.2.1]octane; and
4-methoxy-2-methylbutane-2-thiol.
[0033] More specific examples of compounds that have a sulfide
moiety can include 1-butylsulfanylbutane; ethyl
3-methylsulfanylpropanoate; and 2-(methylsulfanylmethyl)furan.
[0034] More specific examples of compounds that have a thiazole
moiety can include 2-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3-thiazole;
2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol;
4-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-1,3-thiazole;
4-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-1,3-thiazole; and
1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone.
[0035] A more specific example of a compound that has an oxathiane
moiety can be (2R,4S)-2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane.
[0036] More specific examples of a compound comprising oxygen,
sulfur, and nitrogen can include
2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol, 1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone;
and 6-methyl-7-Oxa-1-thia-4-azaspiro[4.4]nonane.
[0037] In another example, the perfume raw materials can include
sulfide moieties or thiazole moieties. The sulfide moieties can
include 1-butylsulfanylbutane,
4,7,7-trimethyl-6-thiabicyclo[3.2.1]octane, and
2-methyl-3-methylsulfanylpyrazine. The thiazole moieties can
include 1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone.
[0038] In another example, the perfume raw materials can be added
to the base perfume in a group. Suitable groups can include group
(a): 1-butylsulfanylbutane;
(2R,4S)-2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane; and
4-methoxy-2-methylbutane-2-thiol; group (b):
2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol;
7-Oxa-1-thia-4-azaspiro[4.4]nonane; and 6-methyl-,
1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone; group (c):
2-(methylsulfanylmethyl)furan; ethyl 3-methylsulfanylpropanoate;
and 1-butylsulfanylbutane; group (d):
5-methyl-5-sulfanylhexan-3-one;
5-methyl-2-(2-sulfanylpropan-2-yl)cyclohexan-1-one; and
2-(4-methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)propane-2-thiol; group (e):
2-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3-thiazole;
2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanol; and
4-methyl-2-propan-2-yl-1,3-thiazole; and group (f):
(2R,4S)-2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane;
2-(4-methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl)propane-2-thiol; and
(NE)-N-[(6E)-2,4,4,7-tetramethylnona-6,8-dien-3-ylidene]hydroxylamine.
[0039] Examples of some formulated habituation-resistant perfumes
suitable for incorporation into personal care compositions are
disclosed in Table 1. The perfumes in Table 1 include thiol and
oxathiane sulfur-based moieties in the grapefruit zest #925 and
castech compounds respectively. Additionally, a nitrogen-based
habituation reducing oxime group is included in the labienoxime
compound.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume Perfume
Perfume Perfume Perfume Raw Material A B C D E F G 4-Tertiary Butyl
2.50% 2.50% 3.00% 3.00% 3.50% 3.50% 3.50% Cyclohexyl Acetate Allyl
Caproate 0.20% 0.10% 0.10% 0.20% 0.10% 0.20% 0.20% Allyl
Cyclohexane 1.25% 2.00% 1.25% 2.00% 2.00% 2.00% 2.00% Propionate
Allyl Heptoate 3.50% 2.90% 3.50% 3.50% 4.00% 3.00% 3.00% Benzyl
Acetate 3.00% 3.00% 3.00% 2.00% 2.00% 2.00% 3.00% Benzyl Salicylate
5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% Beta Gamma Hexenol 0.20%
0.15% 0.10% 0.20% 0.15% 0.10% 0.20% Castech 1.00% 0.90% 1.00% 0.95%
1.25% 0.90% 0.85% Cis 3 Hexenyl Acetate 0.10% 0.20% 0.10% 0.10%
0.20% 0.10% 0.10% Cis Jasmone 0.10% 0.10% 0.10% 0.20% 0.10% 0.10%
0.10% Cyclopentol Hc 937165 0.20% 0.20% 0.40% 0.40% 0.20% 0.40%
0.40% Delta Damascene 0.10% 0.20% 0.10% 0.20% 0.10% 0.10% 0.10%
Dihydro Iso Jasmonate 1.00% 1.00% 1.25% 0.75% 1.50% 1.50% 0.79%
Dihydro Myrcenol 2.50% 3.00% 2.50% 2.50% 3.00% 3.00% 2.00% Dimethyl
Benzyl 4.00% 2.00% 5.00% 1.00% 3.50% 3.00% 2.00% Carbinyl Acetate
Dimethyl Benzyl 1.00% 2.00% 1.00% 1.00% 0.70% 1.00% 2.00% Carbinyl
Butyrate Ethyl 2 Methyl 0.20% 0.10% 0.15% 0.10% 0.15% 0.20% 0.40%
Pentanoate Ethyl Acetoacetate 1.50% 2.50% 2.50% 1.40% 1.75% 1.50%
2.00% Ethyl Butyrate 0.10% 0.10% 0.25% 0.25% 0.20% 0.20% 0.10%
Ethyl Caproate FCC 0.50% 0.40% 0.40% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% Ethyl
Maltol 0.75% 0.50% 0.75% 0.50% 0.50% 1.00% 1.00% Ethyl Oenanthate
0.50% 0.20% 0.15% 0.15% 0.20% 0.50% 0.40% Ethyl-2-Methyl 0.50%
0.75% 0.50% 0.50% 0.75% 0.75% 0.75% Butyrate Ethylene Brassylate
3.00% 4.00% 4.00% 5.00% 3.00% 3.00% 3.00% Florhydral 0.25% 0.25%
0.25% 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.25% Gamma Decalactone 0.50% 1.00% 1.25%
0.78% 0.50% 0.40% 0.65% Grapefruit Zest #925 0.15% 0.30% 0.20%
0.25% 0.35% 0.35% 0.50% (C-Citrus&Allied) Hexamethylindanopyran
10.00% 8.00% 8.00% 8.00% 8.00% 10.00% 10.00% Hexyl Acetate 1.25%
1.75% 1.75% 1.50% 1.00% 0.50% 0.50% Hexyl Cinnamic 7.00% 8.50%
10.00% 10.00% 5.00% 5.00% 7.00% Aldehyde Indolene 0.10% 0.10% 0.10%
0.20% 0.10% 0.10% 0.20% Ionone Beta 2.00% 1.50% 1.25% 1.25% 1.50%
1.50% 1.00% Iso E Super Or Wood 2.50% 2.00% 1.50% 2.00% 2.00% 3.00%
2.50% Italian Mandarin Oil 0.50% 1.00% 0.50% 1.00% 0.50% 1.08%
0.50% Yellow #10567 Jasmal 0.50% 0.40% 0.40% 0.50% 0.40% 0.50%
0.40% Labienoxime 10 Opt 0.85% 0.75% 0.70% 1.00% 0.80% 1.00% 0.75%
Ligustral Or Triplal 0.20% 0.20% 0.40% 0.25% 0.35% 0.35% 0.20%
Linalool 6.00% 6.00% 6.00% 6.00% 6.00% 6.50% 7.00% Linalyl Acetate
2.00% 2.00% 1.00% 2.00% 2.00% 3.00% 1.00% Linalyl Benzoate 0.50%
1.00% 0.40% 0.40% 1.00% 0.50% 0.50% Methyl Dihydro 5.00% 5.00%
5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% Jasmonate Methyl Iso Butenyl 0.05%
0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.05% 0.02% 0.01% Tetrahydro Pyran Methyl Phenyl
Carbinyl 0.68% 0.75% 1.50% 1.50% 1.00% 1.00% 0.60% Acetate Nectaryl
2.00% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% 2.00% 2.00% 1.00% Nonalactone 0.50% 0.50%
0.75% 0.25% 0.75% 0.20% 0.20% Oil Lemon Brazilcp 2.00% 3.00% 2.50%
2.00% 3.00% 2.50% 2.50% Select Fcc Enh 15130 Oil Pink Grapefruit
6.50% 7.00% 5.50% 7.00% 5.50% 6.50% 6.00% California Fcc 15029
Phenoxy Ethyl Iso 3.00% 3.00% 2.00% 3.00% 5.00% 2.00% 5.00%
Butyrate Prenyl Acetate 0.20% 0.25% 0.40% 0.25% 0.35% 0.45% 0.40%
Sandalore 0.50% 0.50% 0.50% 0.75% 1.00% 1.00% 1.00% Synambran R 50%
In 0.22% 0.18% 0.18% 0.20% 0.40% 0.50% 0.20% IPM Undecalactone
7.00% 4.50% 4.50% 5.00% 5.00% 4.50% 5.00% Undecavertol 0.10% 0.50%
0.10% 0.50% 0.10% 1.00% 0.50% Veloutone 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.50%
0.50% 0.50% 0.25% Verdox 5.00% 5.00% 6.00% 6.00% 6.00% 5.00% 6.00%
TOTALS: 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
[0040] Suitable perfume raw materials may be obtained from: Symrise
GmbH, with offices located at Muhlenfeldstrasse 1, Holzminden,
37603, Germany; International Flavors & Fragrances Inc., a New
York corporation having an address at 521 W 57th Street, New York,
N.Y. 10019; Givaudan Suisse SA a Swiss corporation having an
address at 1214 Vernier, Switzerland; Firmenich Inc., with offices
located at 250 Plainsboro Rd., Plainsboro Township, N.J. 08536,
United States; and Takasago International Corporation (USA), with
offices located at 4 Volvo Drive, Rockleigh, N.J. 07647, United
States.
[0041] Personal care compositions can also incorporate desirable
scents through inclusion of perfumes and perfume raw materials in
perfume delivery systems. Certain perfume delivery systems, methods
of making certain perfume delivery systems, and the uses of such
perfume delivery systems are disclosed in U.S. Pre-Grant
Publication No. 2007/0275866 A1. The perfumes and perfume raw
materials previously disclosed can be used in such perfume delivery
systems. Such perfume delivery systems include: polymer-assisted
delivery (PAD), molecule-assisted delivery (MAD), fiber-assisted
deliver (FAD), amine-assisted delivery (AAD), cyclodextrin delivery
system (CD), starch encapsulated accord (SEA), inorganic carrier
delivery system (ZIC), and Pro-Perfume (PP). Examples of these
perfume delivery systems are further described below.
[0042] Polymer-Assisted Delivery (PAD)
[0043] This perfume delivery technology uses polymeric materials to
deliver perfume materials. Classical coacervation, water soluble or
partly soluble to insoluble charged or neutral polymers, liquid
crystals, hot melts, hydrogels, perfumed plastics, microcapsules,
nano- and micro-latexes, polymeric film formers, and polymeric
absorbents, polymeric adsorbents, etc. are some examples. PAD
systems can include, but are not limited to, matrix systems, and
reservoir systems.
[0044] In a matrix system, the fragrance is dissolved or dispersed
in a polymer matrix or particle. Perfumes, for example, may be 1)
dispersed into the polymer prior to formulating into the product or
2) added separately from the polymer during or after formulation of
the product. Diffusion of perfume from the polymer is a common
trigger that allows or increases the rate of perfume release from a
polymeric matrix system that is deposited or applied to the desired
surface (situs), although many other triggers are know that may
control perfume release. Absorption and/or adsorption into or onto
polymeric particles, films, solutions, and the like are aspects of
this technology. Nano, or micro-particles, composed of organic
materials (e.g., latexes) are examples. Suitable particles include
a wide range of materials including, but not limited to polyacetal,
polyacrylate, polyacrylic, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide,
polyaryletherketone, polybutadiene, polybutylene, polybutylene
terephthalate, polychloroprene, poly ethylene, polyethylene
terephthalate, polycyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate,
polycarbonate, polychloroprene, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyketone,
polyester, polyethylene, polyetherimide, polyethersulfone,
polyethylenechlorinates, polyimide, polyisoprene, polylactic acid,
polymethylpentene, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide,
polyphthalamide, polypropylene, polystyrene, polysulfone, polyvinyl
acetate, polyvinyl chloride, as well as polymers or copolymers
based on acrylonitrile-butadiene, cellulose acetate, ethylene-vinyl
acetate, ethylene vinyl alcohol, styrene-butadiene, vinyl
acetate-ethylene, and mixtures thereof.
[0045] A "standard" matrix system refers to systems that are
"pre-loaded" with the intent of keeping the pre-loaded perfume
associated with the polymer until the moment, or moments of,
perfume release. Such polymers may also suppress the neat product
odor and provide a bloom and/or longevity benefit depending on the
rate of perfume release. One challenge with such systems is to
achieve the ideal balance between 1) in-product stability (keeping
perfume inside carrier until you need it) and 2) timely release
(during use or from dry situs). Achieving such stability is
particularly important during in-product storage and product aging.
This challenge is particularly apparent for aqueous-based,
surfactant-containing products, such as heavy duty liquid laundry
detergents. Many "Standard" matrix systems available effectively
become "Equilibrium" systems when formulated into aqueous-based
products. One may select an "Equilibrium" system or a Reservoir
system, which has acceptable in-product diffusion stability and
available triggers for release (e.g., friction). "Equilibrium"
systems are those in which the perfume and polymer may be added
separately to the product, and the equilibrium interaction between
perfume and polymer leads to a benefit at one or more consumer
touch points (versus a free perfume control that has no
polymer-assisted delivery technology). The polymer may also be
pre-loaded with perfume; however, part or all of the perfume may
diffuse during in-product storage reaching an equilibrium that
includes having desired perfume raw materials (PRMs) associated
with the polymer. The polymer then carries the perfume to the
surface, and release is typically via perfume diffusion. The use of
such equilibrium system polymers has the potential to decrease the
neat product odor intensity of the neat product (usually more so in
the case of pre-loaded standard system). Deposition of such
polymers may serve to "flatten" the release profile and provide
increased longevity. As indicated above, such longevity would be
achieved by suppressing the initial intensity and may enable the
formulator to use more high impact or low odor detection threshold
(ODT) or low Kovats Index (KI) PRMs to achieve FMOT benefits
without initial intensity that is too strong or distorted. It is
important that perfume release occurs within the time frame of the
application to impact the desired consumer touch point or touch
points. Suitable micro-particles and micro-latexes as well as
methods of making same may be found in U.S. Pre-Grant Publication
No. 2005/0003980 A1. Matrix systems also include hot melt adhesives
and perfume plastics. In addition, hydrophobically modified
polysaccharides may be formulated into the perfumed product to
increase perfume deposition and/or modify perfume release. All such
matrix systems, including for example polysaccharides and
nanolatexes may be combined with other PDTs, including other PAD
systems such as PAD reservoir systems in the form of a perfume
microcapsule (PMC). Polymer Assisted Delivery (PAD) matrix systems
may include those described in the following references: U.S.
Pre-Grant Publication No. 2004/0110648 A1 and U.S. Pat. No.
6,531,444.
[0046] Silicones are also examples of polymers that may be used as
PDT, and can provide perfume benefits in a manner similar to the
polymer-assisted delivery "matrix system". Such a PDT is referred
to as silicone-assisted delivery (SAD). One may pre-load silicones
with perfume, or use them as an equilibrium system as described for
PAD. Suitable silicones as well as making same may be found in U.S.
Pre-Grant Publication No. 2005/0143282 A1. Functionalized silicones
may also be used as described in U.S. Pre-Grant Publication No.
2006/003913 A1. Examples of silicones include polydimethylsiloxane
and polyalkyldimethylsiloxanes. Other examples include those with
amine functionality, which may be used to provide benefits
associated with amine-assisted delivery (AAD) and/or
polymer-assisted delivery (PAD) and/or amine-reaction products
(ARP). Other such examples may be found in U.S. Pre-Grant
Publication No. 2005/0003980 A1.
[0047] Reservoir systems are also known as a core-shell type
technology, or one in which the fragrance is surrounded by a
perfume release controlling membrane, which may serve as a
protective shell. The material inside the microcapsule is referred
to as the core, internal phase, or fill, whereas the wall is
sometimes called a shell, coating, or membrane. Microparticles or
pressure sensitive capsules or microcapsules are examples of this
technology. Microcapsules of the current invention are formed by a
variety of procedures that include, but are not limited to,
coating, extrusion, spray-drying, interfacial, in-situ and matrix
polymerization. The possible shell materials vary widely in their
stability toward water. Among the most stable are
polyoxymethyleneurea (PMU)-based materials, which may hold certain
PRMs for even long periods of time in aqueous solution (or
product). Such systems include but are not limited to
urea-formaldehyde and/or melamine-formaldehyde. Gelatin-based
microcapsules may be prepared so that they dissolve quickly or
slowly in water, depending for example on the degree of
cross-linking. Many other capsule wall materials are available and
vary in the degree of perfume diffusion stability observed. Without
wishing to be bound by theory, the rate of release of perfume from
a capsule, for example, once deposited on a surface is typically in
reverse order of in-product perfume diffusion stability. As such,
urea-formaldehyde and melamine-formaldehyde microcapsules for
example, typically require a release mechanism other than, or in
addition to, diffusion for release, such as mechanical force (e.g.,
friction, pressure, shear stress) that serves to break the capsule
and increase the rate of perfume (fragrance) release. Other
triggers include melting, dissolution, hydrolysis or other chemical
reaction, electromagnetic radiation, and the like. Suitable capsule
wall materials include, in addition to aminoplasts, polyvinyl
alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol,
polysaccharides and modified polysaccharides, gel forming proteins,
modified celluloses such as carboxymethylcelluloses and
hydroxyethylcelluloses, polyacrylates, polyureas, polyurethanes and
mixtures thereof. The capsules may be further coated with an
additional coating that can improve the deposition and/or retention
of the capsule on the desired surface. Suitable coating materials
include a cationic polymer selected from the group consisting of
selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, cationically
modified starch, cationically modified guar, polysiloxanes, poly
diallyl dimethyl ammonium halides, copolymers of poly diallyl
dimethyl ammonium chloride and vinyl pyrrolidone, acrylamides,
imidazoles, imidazolinium halides, imidazolium halides, poly vinyl
amine, copolymers of poly vinyl amine and N-vinyl formamide to the
surface of the capsule to form a cationically coated polymer
encapsulated material. Typical capsules have a diameter of 1 micron
to 500 microns. The use of pre-loaded microcapsules requires the
proper ratio of in-product stability and in-use and/or on-surface
(on-situs) release, as well as proper selection of PRMs.
Microcapsules that are based on urea-formaldehyde and/or
melamine-formaldehyde are relatively stable, especially in near
neutral aqueous-based solutions. These materials may require a
friction trigger which may not be applicable to all product
applications. Other microcapsule materials (e.g., gelatin) may be
unstable in aqueous-based products and may even provide reduced
benefit (versus free perfume control) when in-product aged.
[0048] Molecule-Assisted Delivery (MAD)
[0049] Non-polymer materials or molecules may also serve to improve
the delivery of perfume. Without wishing to be bound by theory,
perfume may non-covalently interact with organic materials,
resulting in altered deposition and/or release. Non-limiting
examples of such organic materials include but are not limited to
hydrophobic materials such as organic oils, waxes, mineral oils,
petrolatum, fatty acids or esters, sugars, surfactants, liposomes
and even other perfume raw material (perfume oils), as well as
natural oils, including body and/or other soils. Perfume fixatives
are yet another example. In one example, non-polymeric materials or
molecules have a CLogP greater than about 2. Molecule-Assisted
Delivery (MAD) may also include those described in U.S. Pat. No.
7,119,060.
[0050] Fiber-Assisted Delivery (FAD):
[0051] The choice or use of a situs itself may serve to improve the
delivery of perfume. In fact, the situs itself may be a perfume
delivery technology. For example, different fabric types such as
cotton or polyester will have different properties with respect to
ability to attract and/or retain and/or release perfume. The amount
of perfume deposited on or in fibers may be altered by the choice
of fiber, and also by the history or treatment of the fiber, as
well as by any fiber coatings or treatments. Fibers may be woven
and non-woven as well as natural or synthetic. Natural fibers
include those produced by plants, animals, and geological
processes, and include but are not limited to cellulose materials
such as cotton, linen, hemp jute, flax, ramie, and sisal, and
fibers used to manufacture paper and cloth. Fiber-Assisted Delivery
may consist of the use of wood fiber, such as thermomechanical pulp
and bleached or unbleached kraft or sulfite pulps. Animal fibers
consist largely of particular proteins, such as silk, sinew, catgut
and hair (including wool). Polymer fibers based on synthetic
chemicals include but are not limited to polyamide nylon, PET or
PBT polyester, phenol-formaldehyde (PF), polyvinyl alcohol fiber
(PVOH), polyvinyl chloride fiber (PVC), polyolefins (PP and PE),
and acrylic polymers. All such fibers may be pre-loaded with a
perfume, and then added to a product that may or may not contain
free perfume and/or one or more perfume delivery technologies. In
one example, the fibers may be added to a product prior to being
loaded with a perfume, and then loaded with a perfume by adding a
perfume that may diffuse into the fiber, to the product. Without
wishing to be bound by theory, the perfume may absorb onto or be
absorbed into the fiber, for example, during product storage, and
then be released at one or more moments of truth or consumer touch
points.
[0052] Amine-Assisted Delivery (AAD)
[0053] The amine-assisted delivery technology approach utilizes
materials that contain an amine group to increase perfume
deposition or modify perfume release during product use. There is
no requirement in this approach to pre-complex or pre-react the
perfume raw material(s) and amine prior to addition to the product.
In one example, amine-containing AAD materials suitable for use
herein may be non-aromatic; for example, polyalkylimine, such as
polyethyleneimine (PEI), or polyvinylamine (PVAm), or aromatic, for
example, anthranilates. Such materials may also be polymeric or
non-polymeric. In one example, such materials contain at least one
primary amine. This technology will allow increased longevity and
controlled release also of low ODT perfume notes (e.g., aldehydes,
ketones, enones) via amine functionality, and delivery of other
PRMs, without being bound by theory, via polymer-assisted delivery
for polymeric amines. Without technology, volatile top notes can be
lost too quickly, leaving a higher ratio of middle and base notes
to top notes. The use of a polymeric amine allows higher levels of
top notes and other PRMS to be used to obtain freshness longevity
without causing neat product odor to be more intense than desired,
or allows top notes and other PRMs to be used more efficiently. In
one example, AAD systems are effective at delivering PRMs at pH
greater than about neutral. Without wishing to be bound by theory,
conditions in which more of the amines of the AAD system are
deprotonated may result in an increased affinity of the
deprotonated amines for PRMs such as aldehydes and ketones,
including unsaturated ketones and enones such as damascone. In
another example, polymeric amines are effective at delivering PRMs
at pH less than about neutral. Without wishing to be bound by
theory, conditions in which more of the amines of the AAD system
are protonated may result in a decreased affinity of the protonated
amines for PRMs such as aldehydes and ketones, and a strong
affinity of the polymer framework for a broad range of PRMs. In
such an example, polymer-assisted delivery may be delivering more
of the perfume benefit; such systems are a subspecies of AAD and
may be referred to as Amine-Polymer-Assisted Delivery or APAD. In
some cases when the APAD is employed in a composition that has a pH
of less than seven, such APAD systems may also be considered
Polymer-Assisted Delivery (PAD). In yet another example, AAD and
PAD systems may interact with other materials, such as anionic
surfactants or polymers to form coacervate and/or coacervates-like
systems. In another example, a material that contains a heteroatom
other than nitrogen, for example sulfur, phosphorus or selenium,
may be used as an alternative to amine compounds. In yet another
example, the aforementioned alternative compounds can be used in
combination with amine compounds. In yet another example, a single
molecule may comprise an amine moiety and one or more of the
alternative heteroatom moieties, for example, thiols, phosphines
and selenols. Suitable AAD systems as well as methods of making
same may be found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,103,678.
[0054] Cyclodextrin Delivery System (CD)
[0055] This technology approach uses a cyclic oligosaccharide or
cyclodextrin to improve the delivery of perfume. Typically a
perfume and cyclodextrin (CD) complex is formed. Such complexes may
be preformed, formed in-situ, or formed on or in the situs. Without
wishing to be bound by theory, loss of water may serve to shift the
equilibrium toward the CD-Perfume complex, especially if other
adjunct ingredients (e.g., surfactant) are not present at high
concentration to compete with the perfume for the cyclodextrin
cavity. A bloom benefit may be achieved if water exposure or an
increase in moisture content occurs at a later time point. In
addition, cyclodextrin allows the perfume formulator increased
flexibility in selection of PRMs. Cyclodextrin may be pre-loaded
with perfume or added separately from perfume to obtain the desired
perfume stability, deposition or release benefit. Suitable
cyclodextrin delivery systems as well as methods of making the same
may be found in U.S. Pre-Grant Publication No. 2006/0263313 A1.
[0056] Starch Encapsulated Accord (SEA)
[0057] The use of a starch encapsulated accord (SEA) technology
allows one to modify the properties of the perfume, for example, by
converting a liquid perfume into a solid by adding ingredients such
as starch. The benefit includes increased perfume retention during
product storage, especially under non-aqueous conditions. Upon
exposure to moisture, a perfume bloom may be triggered. Benefits at
other moments of truth may also be achieved because the starch
allows the product formulator to select PRMs or PRM concentrations
that normally cannot be used without the presence of SEA. Another
technology example includes the use of other organic and inorganic
materials, such as silica to convert perfume from liquid to solid.
Suitable SEAs as well as methods of making same may be found in
U.S. Pat. No. 6,458,754 B1.
[0058] Inorganic Carrier Delivery System (ZIC)
[0059] This technology relates to the use of porous zeolites or
other inorganic materials to deliver perfumes. Perfume-loaded
zeolite may be used with or without adjunct ingredients used for
example to coat the perfume-loaded zeolite (PLZ) to change its
perfume release properties during product storage or during use or
from the dry situs. Suitable zeolite and inorganic carriers as well
as methods of making same may be found in U.S. Pre-Grant
Publication No. 2005/0003980 A1. Silica is another form of ZIC.
Another example of a suitable inorganic carrier includes inorganic
tubules, where the perfume or other active material is contained
within the lumen of the nano- or micro-tubules. Preferably, the
perfume-loaded inorganic tubule (or Perfume-Loaded Tubule or PLT)
is a mineral nano- or micro-tubule, such as halloysite or mixtures
of halloysite with other inorganic materials, including other
clays. The PLT technology may also comprise additional ingredients
on the inside and/or outside of the tubule for the purpose of
improving in-product diffusion stability, deposition on the desired
situs or for controlling the release rate of the loaded perfume.
Monomeric and/or polymeric materials, including starch
encapsulation, may be used to coat, plug, cap, or otherwise
encapsulate the PLT. Suitable PLT systems as well as methods of
making same may be found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,651,976.
[0060] Pro-Perfume (PP)
[0061] This technology refers to perfume technologies that result
from the reaction of perfume materials with other substrates or
chemicals to form materials that have a covalent bond between one
or more PRMs and one or more carriers. The PRM is converted into a
new material called a pro-PRM (i.e., pro-perfume), which then may
release the original PRM upon exposure to a trigger such as water
or light. Pro-perfumes may provide enhanced perfume delivery
properties such as increased perfume deposition, longevity,
stability, retention, and the like. Pro-perfumes include those that
are monomeric (non-polymeric) or polymeric, and may be pre-formed
or may be formed in-situ under equilibrium conditions, such as
those that may be present during in-product storage or on the wet
or dry situs.
[0062] Nonlimiting examples of pro-perfumes include Michael adducts
(e.g., beta-amino ketones), aromatic or non-aromatic imines
(Schiffs Bases), oxazolidines, beta-keto esters, and orthoesters.
Another example includes compounds comprising one or more beta-oxy
or beta-thio carbonyl moieties capable of releasing a PRM, for
example, an alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone, aldehyde or carboxylic
ester. The typical trigger for perfume release is exposure to
water; although other triggers may include enzymes, heat, light, pH
change, autoxidation, a shift of equilibrium, change in
concentration or ionic strength and others. For aqueous-based
products, light-triggered pro-perfumes are particularly suited.
Such photo-pro-perfumes (PPPs) include but are not limited to those
that release coumarin derivatives and perfumes and/or pro-perfumes
upon being triggered. The released pro-perfume may release one or
more PRMs by means of any of the above mentioned triggers. In one
example, the photo-pro-perfume releases a nitrogen-based
pro-perfume when exposed to a light and/or moisture trigger. In
another example, the nitrogen-based pro-perfume, released from the
photo-pro-perfume, releases one or more PRMs selected, for example,
from aldehydes, ketones (including enones) and alcohols. In still
another example, the PPP releases a dihydroxy coumarin derivative.
The light-triggered pro-perfume may also be an ester that releases
a coumarin derivative and a perfume alcohol. In one example the
pro-perfume is a dimethoxybenzoin derivative as described in U.S.
Pre-Grant Publication No. 2006/0020459 A1. In another example the
pro-perfume is a 3',5'-dimethoxybenzoin (DMB) derivative that
releases an alcohol upon exposure to electromagnetic radiation. In
yet another example, the pro-perfume releases one or more low ODT
PRMs, including tertiary alcohols such as linalool,
tetrahydrolinalool, or dihydromyrcenol. Suitable pro-perfumes and
methods of making same can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 7,018,978
B2.
[0063] An amine reaction product ("ARP") is a subclass or species
of PP. One may also use "reactive" polymeric amines in which the
amine functionality is pre-reacted with one or more PRMs to form an
amine reaction product (ARP). Typically the reactive amines are
primary and/or secondary amines, and may be part of a polymer or a
monomer (non-polymer). Such ARPs may also be mixed with additional
PRMs to provide benefits of polymer-assisted delivery and/or
amine-assisted delivery. Nonlimiting examples of polymeric amines
include polymers based on polyalkylimines, such as
polyethyleneimine (PEI), or polyvinylamine (PVAm). Nonlimiting
examples of monomeric (non-polymeric) amines include
hydroxylamines, such as 2-aminoethanol and its alkyl substituted
derivatives, and aromatic amines such as anthranilates. The ARPs
may be premixed with perfume or added separately in leave-on or
rinse-off applications. In another example, a material that
contains a heteroatom other than nitrogen, for example oxygen,
sulfur, phosphorus or selenium, may be used as an alternative to
amine compounds. In yet another example, the aforementioned
alternative compounds can be used in combination with amine
compounds. In yet another example, a single molecule may comprise
an amine moiety and one or more of the alternative heteroatom
moieties, for example, thiols, phosphines and selenols. The benefit
may include improved delivery of perfume as well as controlled
perfume release. Suitable ARPs as well as methods of making same
can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,413,920 B1.
[0064] The perfumes disclosed herein can be used as the perfume
component pro-perfume compounds that contain sulfur. The term
"pro-perfume compound" herein refers to compounds resulting from
the chemical bonding of perfume raw materials (PRMs) with materials
that comprise sulfur. The pro-perfume compound can release the
original PRM (i.e., pre-converted) upon exposure to a trigger such
as water or light or atmospheric oxygen. Suitable methods of making
the same can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 7,018,978.
[0065] Amounts of Perfumes and PRMs Used in Delivery Systems
[0066] In one example, the perfumes and PRM disclosed herein, and
stereoisomers thereof, are suitable for use, in perfume delivery
systems at levels, based on total perfume delivery system weight,
of from 0.001% to about 50%, from 0.005% to 30%, from 0.01% to
about 10%, from 0.025% to about 5%, or even from 0.025% to about
1%.
[0067] In one example, the perfume delivery systems disclosed
herein are suitable for use in personal care compositions at
levels, based on total personal care composition weight, from about
0.001% to about 20%, from about 0.01% to about 10%, from about
0.05% to about 5%, from about 0.1% to about 0.5%.
[0068] In one example, the amount of the perfumes and PRM disclosed
herein, based on the total microcapsules and/or nanocapsules
(Polymer Assisted Delivery (PAD) Reservoir System) weight, may be
from about 0.1% to about 99%, from 25% to about 95%, from 30 to
about 90%, from 45% to about 90%, from 65% to about 90%.
[0069] In one example, the amount of total perfume based on total
weight of starch encapsulates and starch agglomerates (Starch
Encapsulated Accord (SEA)) ranges from 0.1% to about 99%, from 25%
to about 95%, from 30 to about 90%, from 45% to about 90%, from 65%
to about 90%. In one example, the perfumes and PRM disclosed
herein, including stereoisomers thereof, are suitable for use, in
such starch encapsulates and starch agglomerates. Such perfumes,
PRMs and stereoisomers thereof may be used in combination in such
starch encapsulates and starch agglomerates.
[0070] In one example, the amount of total perfume based on total
weight of [cyclodextrin-perfume] complexes (Cyclodextrin (CD))
ranges from 0.1% to about 99%, from 2.5% to about 75%, from 5% to
about 60%, from 5% to about 50%, from 5% to about 25%. In one
example, the perfumes and PRM disclosed herein, and stereoisomers
thereof, are suitable for use in such [cyclodextrin-perfume]
complexes. Such perfumes, PRMs and stereoisomers thereof may be
used in combination in such [cyclodextrin-perfume] complexes.
[0071] In one example, the amount of total perfume based on total
weight of Polymer Assisted Delivery (PAD) Matrix Systems (including
Silicones) ranges from 0.1% to about 99%, from 2.5% to about 75%,
from 5% to about 60%, from 5% to about 50%, from 5% to about 25%.
In one example, the amount of total perfume based on total weight
of a hot melt perfume delivery system/perfume loaded plastic Matrix
System and ranges from 1% to about 99%, from 2.5% to about 75%,
from 5% to about 60%, from 5% to about 50%, from 10% to about 50%.
In one example, the perfumes and PRM disclosed herein, and
stereoisomers thereof, are suitable for use, in such Polymer
Assisted Delivery (PAD) Matrix Systems, including hot melt perfume
delivery system/perfume loaded plastic Matrix Systems. Such
perfumes, PRMs and stereoisomers thereof may be used in combination
in such Polymer Assisted Delivery (PAD) Matrix Systems (including
hot melt perfume delivery system/perfume loaded plastic Matrix
Systems).
[0072] In one example, the amount of total perfume based on total
weight of Amine Assisted Delivery (AAD) (including Aminosilicones)
ranges from 1% to about 99%, from 2.5% to about 75%, from 5% to
about 60%, from 5% to about 50%, from 5% to about 25%. In one
example, the perfumes and PRM disclosed herein, and stereoisomers
thereof, are suitable for use, in such Amine Assisted Delivery
(AAD) systems.
[0073] In one example, the amount of total perfume based on total
weight of Pro-Perfume (PP) Amine Reaction Product (ARP) system
ranges from 0.1% to about 99%, from about 1% to about 99%, from 5%
to about 90%, from 10% to about 75%, from 20% to about 75%, from
25% to about 60%. In one example, the perfumes and PRM disclosed
herein, and stereoisomers thereof, are suitable for use, in such
Pro-Perfume (PP) Amine Reaction Product (ARP) systems.
[0074] A variety of optional ingredients can also be added to
personal care compositions. Optional ingredients can include, but
are not limited to, structurants, humectants, fatty acids,
inorganic salts, and other antimicrobial agents or actives.
[0075] A personal care composition can also include hydrophilic
structurants such as carbohydrate structurants and gums. Some
suitable carbohydrate structurants include raw starch (corn, rice,
potato, wheat, and the like) and pregelatinized starch. Some
suitable gums include carregeenan and xanthan gum. A personal care
composition can include from about 0.1% to about 30%, from about 2%
to about 25%, or from about 4% to about 20%, by weight of the
personal care composition, of a carbohydrate structurant.
[0076] A personal care composition can also include one or more
humectants. Examples of such humectants can include polyhydric
alcohols. Further, humectants such as glycerin can be included the
personal care composition as a result of production or as an
additional ingredient. For example, glycerin can be a by-product
after saponification of the personal care composition. Including
additional humectant can result in a number of benefits such as
improvement in hardness of the personal care composition, decreased
water activity of the personal care composition, and reduction of a
weight loss rate of the personal care composition over time due to
water evaporation.
[0077] A personal care composition can include inorganic salts.
Inorganic salts can help to maintain a particular water content or
level of the personal care composition and improve hardness of the
personal care composition. The inorganic salts can also help to
bind the water in the personal care composition to prevent water
loss by evaporation or other means. A personal care composition can
optionally include from about 0.01% to about 15%, from about 1% to
about 12%, or from about 2.5% to about 10.5%, by weight of the
personal care composition, of inorganic salt. Examples of suitable
inorganic salts can include magnesium nitrate, trimagnesium
phosphate, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium aluminum
sulfate, disodium phosphate, sodium polymetaphosphate, sodium
magnesium succinate, sodium tripolyphosphate, aluminum sulfate,
aluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum-zirconium
trichlorohydrate, aluminum-zirconium trichlorohydrate glycine
complex, zinc sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium phosphate,
calcium acetate, calcium nitrate, calcium phosphate, calcium
sulfate, ferric sulfate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and
tetrasodium pyrophosphate.
[0078] A personal care composition can include one or more
additional antibacterial agents that can serve to further enhance
antimicrobial effectiveness of the personal care composition. A
personal care composition can include, for example, from about
0.001% to about 2%, from about 0.01% to about 1.5%, or from about
0.1% to about 1%, by weight of the personal care composition, of
additional antibacterial agent(s). Examples of suitable
antibacterial agents can include carbanilides, triclocarban (also
known as trichlorocarbanilide), triclosan, a halogenated
diphenylether available as DP-300 from Ciba-Geigy, hexachlorophene,
3,4,5-tribromosalicylanilide, and salts of 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide,
salicylic acid, and other organic acids. Other suitable
antibacterial agents are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,488,943.
Liquid Personal Care Compositions
[0079] Exemplary liquid rinse-off personal care compositions can
include an aqueous carrier, which can be present at a level of from
about 5% to about 95%, or from about 60% to about 85%. The aqueous
carrier may comprise water, or a miscible mixture of water and
organic solvent. Non-aqueous carrier materials can also be
employed.
[0080] Such rinse-off personal care compositions can include one or
more detersive surfactants. The detersive surfactant component can
be included to provide cleaning performance to the product. The
detersive surfactant component in turn comprises anionic detersive
surfactant, zwitterionic or amphoteric detersive surfactant, or a
combination thereof. A representative, non-limiting, list of
anionic surfactants includes anionic detersive surfactants for use
in the compositions can include ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium
laureth sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine
laureth sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine
laureth sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine
laureth sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine
laureth sulfate, lauric monoglyceride sodium sulfate, sodium lauryl
sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate,
potassium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium
lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium
cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate,
sodium lauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl
sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl
sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl
sulfate, sodium tridecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene
sulfonate, sodium cocoyl isethionate and combinations thereof. In
one example, the anionic surfactant can be sodium lauryl sulfate or
sodium laureth sulfate. The concentration of the anionic surfactant
component in the product can be sufficient to provide a desired
cleaning and/or lather performance, and generally ranges from about
2% to about 50%.
[0081] Amphoteric detersive surfactants suitable for use in the
rinse-off personal care compositions are well known in the art, and
include those surfactants broadly described as derivatives of
aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which an aliphatic
radical can be straight or branched chain and wherein an aliphatic
substituent can contain from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms such
that one carbon atom can contain an anionic water solubilizing
group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or
phosphonate. Examples of compounds falling within this definition
can be sodium 3-dodecyl-aminopropionate, sodium
3-dodecylaminopropane sulfonate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate,
N-alkyltaurines such as the one prepared by reacting dodecylamine
with sodium isethionate according to the teaching of U.S. Pat. No.
2,658,072, N-higher alkyl aspartic acids such as those produced
according to the teaching of U.S. Pat. No. 2,438,091, and products
described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,528,378. Other examples of amphoteric
surfactants can include sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium
cocoamphoactetate, disodium lauroamphoacetate disodium
cocodiamphoacetate, and mixtures thereof. Amphoacetates and
diamphoacetates can also be used.
[0082] Zwitterionic detersive surfactants suitable for use in the
rinse-off personal care compositions are well known in the art, and
include those surfactants broadly described as derivatives of
aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium
compounds, in which aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched
chains, and wherein an aliphatic substituent can contain from about
8 to about 18 carbon atoms such that one carbon atom can contain an
anionic group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or
phosphonate. Other zwitterionic surfactants can include betaines,
including cocoamidopropyl betaine.
[0083] The liquid rinse off personal care composition can comprise
one or more phases. Such personal care compositions can include a
cleansing phase and/or a benefit phase (i.e., a single- or
multi-phase composition). Each of a cleansing phase or a benefit
phase can include various components. The cleansing phase and the
benefit phase can be blended, separate, or a combination thereof.
The cleansing phase and the benefit phase can also be patterned
(e.g. striped).
[0084] The cleansing phase of a personal care composition can
include at least one surfactant. The cleansing phase can be an
aqueous structured surfactant phase and constitute from about 5% to
about 20%, by weight of the personal care composition. Such a
structured surfactant phase can include sodium trideceth(n)
sulfate, hereinafter STnS, wherein n can define average moles of
ethoxylation. n can range, for example, from about 0 to about 3;
from about 0.5 to about 2.7, from about 1.1 to about 2.5, from
about 1.8 to about 2.2, or n can be about 2. When n can be less
than 3, STnS can provide improved stability, improved compatibility
of benefit agents within the personal care compositions, and
increased mildness of the personal care compositions as disclosed
in U.S. Pre-Grant Publication No. 2010/009285 A1.
[0085] The cleansing phase can also comprise at least one of an
amphoteric surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant. Suitable
amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants (in addition to those cited
herein) can include, for example, those described in U.S. Pat. No.
5,104,646 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,106,609.
[0086] A cleansing phase can comprise a structuring system. A
structuring system can comprise, optionally, a non-ionic
emulsifier, optionally, from about 0.05% to about 5%, by weight of
the personal care composition, of an associative polymer; and an
electrolyte.
[0087] The personal care composition can optionally be free of
sodium lauryl sulfate, hereinafter SLS, and can comprise at least a
70% lamellar structure. However, the cleansing phase could comprise
at least one surfactant, wherein the at least one surfactant
includes SLS. Suitable examples of SLS are described in U.S.
Pre-Grant Publication No. 2010/0322878 A1.
[0088] Rinse-off personal care compositions can also include a
benefit phase. The benefit phase can be hydrophobic and/or
anhydrous. The benefit phase can also be substantially free of
surfactant. A benefit phase can also include a benefit agent. In
particular, a benefit phase can comprise from about 0.1% to about
50% benefit agent by weight of the personal care composition. The
benefit phase can alternatively comprise less benefit agent, for
example, from about 0.5% to about 20% benefit agent, by weight of
the personal care composition. Examples of suitable benefit agents
can include petrolatum, glyceryl monooleate, mineral oil, natural
oils, and mixtures thereof. Additional examples of benefit agents
can include water insoluble or hydrophobic benefit agents. Other
suitable benefit agents are described in U.S. Pre-Grant Publication
No. 2012/0009285 A1.
[0089] Non-limiting examples of glycerides suitable for use as
hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein can include castor oil,
safflower oil, corn oil, walnut oil, peanut oil, olive oil, cod
liver oil, almond oil, avocado oil, palm oil, sesame oil, vegetable
oils, sunflower seed oil, soybean oil, vegetable oil derivatives,
coconut oil and derivatized coconut oil, cottonseed oil and
derivatized cottonseed oil, jojoba oil, cocoa butter, and
combinations thereof.
[0090] Non-limiting examples of alkyl esters suitable for use as
hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein can include isopropyl esters
of fatty acids and long chain esters of long chain (i.e. C10-C24)
fatty acids, e.g., cetyl ricinoleate, non-limiting examples of
which can include isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate, cetyl
riconoleate, and stearyl riconoleate. Other example can include
hexyl laurate, isohexyl laurate, myristyl myristate, isohexyl
palmitate, decyl oleate, isodecyl oleate, hexadecyl stearate, decyl
stearate, isopropyl isostearate, diisopropyl adipate, diisohexyl
adipate, dihexyldecyl adipate, diisopropyl sebacate, acyl
isononanoate lauryl lactate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, and
combinations thereof.
[0091] Non-limiting examples of polyglycerin fatty acid esters
suitable for use as hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein can
include decaglyceryl distearate, decaglyceryl diisostearate,
decaglyceryl monomyriate, decaglyceryl monolaurate, hexaglyceryl
monooleate, and combinations thereof.
[0092] The rinse-off personal care composition can be applied by a
variety of means, including by rubbing, wiping or dabbing with
hands or fingers, or by means of an implement and/or delivery
enhancement device. Non-limiting examples of implements include a
sponge or sponge-tipped applicator, a mesh shower puff, a swab, a
brush, a wipe (e.g., wash cloth), a loofah, and combinations
thereof. Non-limiting examples of delivery enhancement devices
include mechanical, electrical, ultrasonic and/or other energy
devices. Employment of an implement or device can help delivery of
the particulate antimicrobial agent to target regions, such as, for
example, hair follicles and undulations that can exist in the
underarm. The rinse-off care product can be sold together with such
an implement or device. Alternatively, an implement or device can
be sold separately but contain indicium to indicate usage with a
rinse-off care product. Implements and delivery devices can employ
replaceable portions (e.g., the skin interaction portions), which
can be sold separately or sold together with the rinse-off care
product in a kit.
Solid Personal Care Compositions
[0093] As noted herein, personal care compositions can take on
numerous forms. One suitable form is that of a solid personal care
composition. Solid compositions can take many forms like powder,
pellets, bars, etc. These forms will generally be described herein
as bar soap, but it should be understood that the solid composition
could be in another form or shape. One example of a bar soap
personal care composition can include from about 0.1% to about 35%,
by weight of the personal care composition, of water, from about
45% to about 99%, by weight of the personal care composition, of
soap, and from about 0.01% to about 5%, by weight of the personal
care composition, of a particulate antimicrobial agent. Another
suitable antimicrobial bar soap can include, for example, from
about 0.1% to about 30%, by weight of the personal care
composition, of water, from about 40% to about 99%, by weight of
the personal care composition, of soap, and from about 0.25% to
about 3%, by weight of the personal care composition, of a
particulate antimicrobial agent.
[0094] Bar soap compositions can be referred to as conventional
solid (i.e. non-flowing) bar soap compositions. Some bar soap
composition can comprise convention soap, while others can contain
synthetic surfactants, and still others can contain a mix of soap
and synthetic surfactant.
[0095] Bar compositions can include, for example, from about 0% to
about 45% of a synthetic anionic surfactant. An example of a
suitable conventional soap can include milled toilet bars that are
unbuilt (i.e. include about 5% or less of a water-soluble
surfactancy builder).
[0096] A personal care bar composition can include soap. By weight,
the soap can be, for example, from about 45% to about 99%, or from
about 50% to about 75%, by weight of the personal care composition.
Such soaps can include a typical soap, i.e., an alkali metal or
alkanol ammonium salt of an alkane- or alkene monocarboxylic acid.
Sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, mono-, di- and tri-ethanol
ammonium cations, or combinations thereof, can be suitable for a
personal care composition. The soap included in a personal care
composition can include sodium soaps or a combination of sodium
soaps with from about 1% to about 25% ammonium, potassium,
magnesium, calcium, or a mixture of these soaps. Additionally, the
soap can be well-known alkali metal salts of alkanoic or alkenoic
acids having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms or from about
12 to about 18 carbon atoms. Another suitable soap can be alkali
metal carboxylates of alkyl or alkene hydrocarbons having from
about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms. Additional suitable soap
compositions are described in U.S. Pre-Grant Publication No.
2012/0219610 A1.
[0097] A personal care composition can also include soaps having a
fatty acid. For example, one bar soap composition could contain
from about 40% to about 95% of a soluble alkali metal soap of
C.sub.8-C.sub.24 or C.sub.10-C.sub.20 fatty acids. The fatty acid
can, for example, have a distribution of coconut oil that can
provide a lower end of a broad molecular weight range or can have a
fatty acid distribution of peanut or rapeseed oil, or their
hydrogenated derivatives, which can provide an upper end of the
broad molecular weight range. Other such compositions can include a
fatty acid distribution of tallow and/or vegetable oil. The tallow
can include fatty acid mixtures that can typically have an
approximate carbon chain length distribution of 2.5% C.sub.14, 29%
C.sub.16, 23% C.sub.18, 2% palmitoleic, 41.5% oleic, and 3%
linoleic. The tallow can also include other mixtures with a similar
distribution, such as fatty acids derived from various animal
tallows and/or lard. In one example, the tallow can also be
hardened (i.e., hydrogenated) such that some or all unsaturated
fatty acid moieties can be converted to saturated fatty acid
moieties.
[0098] Suitable examples of vegetable oil include palm oil, coconut
oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil stearine, soybean oil, and
hydrogenated rice bran oil, or mixtures thereof, since such oils
can be among more readily available fats. One example of a suitable
coconut oil can include a proportion of fatty acids having at least
12 carbon atoms of about 85%. Such a proportion can be greater when
mixtures of coconut oil and fats such as tallow, palm oil, or
non-tropical nut oils or fats can be used where principle chain
lengths can be C.sub.16 and higher. The soap included in a personal
care composition can be, for example, a sodium soap having a
mixture of about 67-68% tallow, about 16-17% coconut oil, about 2%
glycerin, and about 14% water.
[0099] Soap included in a personal care composition can also be
unsaturated in accordance with commercially acceptable standards.
For example, a soap included in a personal care composition can
include from about 37% to about 45% unsaturated saponified
material.
[0100] Soaps included in a personal care composition can be made,
for example, by a classic kettle boiling process or modern
continuous soap manufacturing processes wherein natural fats and
oils such as tallow or coconut oil or their equivalents can be
saponified with an alkali metal hydroxide using procedures well
known to those skilled in the art. Soap can also be made by
neutralizing fatty acids such as lauric (C.sub.12), myristic
(C.sub.14), palmitic (C.sub.16), or stearic (C.sub.18) acids, with
an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate.
[0101] Soap included in a personal care composition could also be
made by a continuous soap manufacturing process. The soap could be
processed into soap noodles via a vacuum flash drying process. One
example of a suitable soap noodle comprises about 67.2% tallow
soap, about 16.8% coconut soap, about 2% glycerin, and about 14%
water, by weight of the soap noodle. The soap noodles can then be
utilized in a milling process to finalize a personal care
composition.
Test Methods
[0102] The Degree of Habituation to a personal care composition
containing a perfume can be determined by exposing a human panel to
daily exposures of the perfume over a four week period. The Degree
of Habituation can be calculated at both the week two and week four
time points, relative to the initial baseline time point.
[0103] For each exposure panel test, more than 15 panelists are
recruited, and then exposed to the test scent in a manner,
frequency, and concentration indicated by the intended product end
use, but including at least one exposure per day every day for four
consecutive weeks. The perfume exposure must be sufficient that the
panelists can detect the perfume of interest being delivered from
the product or perfume delivery system contained within the
product. The criteria for recruitment onto the exposure panel
requires that panelists be typical consumers of the product in
question, who agree to use the scent being tested, are non-smokers,
and free of nasal congestion and allergies. The degree of
habituation is calculated and reported as the percent change in the
Odor Detection Threshold (ODT) value at week 2 and at week 4,
versus the initial baseline ODT value. Since the degree of
habituation is a relative measure, it accommodates the variation in
absolute ODT values which can arise between different testing
laboratories.
[0104] Raw materials and finished products comprising them can be
used in conjunction in order to determine the degree of
habituation. For example, daily exposures to the panelists may
involve the use of a finished product while the ODT test
measurements may involve the use of the respective neat perfume or
PRMs. The conditions selected for use in either the daily exposures
or in the ODT testing must be applied uniformly across all
panelists, and remain unchanged for the entirety of the testing
period. When the test perfume materials are available in their
simple forms i.e., PRMs, neat perfumes, or fine fragrances,
unincorporated into complex products or delivery systems, then the
ODT test is to be conducted with these simple forms via an
olfactometer, as this is the preferred method. When these simple
forms of the test perfume materials are inaccessible for testing,
then the ODT test may be conducted with finished products or
complex formulations comprising the test perfume materials.
Presentation devices other than an olfactometer may be required
when conducting the ODT testing on finished products or complex
formulations, and may include devices such as sniff cups, headspace
chambers and capped bottles, as allowed for in the test method ASTM
E679-04 described below.
[0105] The ODT value for each panelist is determined at each of
three time points the during four week daily exposure period,
namely; at an initial baseline, at two weeks, and at four weeks.
The ODT values are always determined in accordance with test method
ASTM E679-04 (Standard Practice for Determination of Odor and Taste
Thresholds by a Forced-Choice Ascending Concentration Series of
Limits) as reapproved in 2011 except, the following replaces the
protocol of such test method's Sub-articles 4.4, 8.2 and 8.3.
[0106] Sub-article 4.4, Individual best-estimate values of the
threshold are derived from the pattern of correct/incorrect
responses produced separately by each panelist. The group average
ODT value at a given time point is derived by fitting the entire
data set from all panelists at that time point to a Log Logistic
Regression Model.
[0107] Sub-article 8.2, If the concentration range has been
correctly selected, it is not necessary that all panelists judge
correctly within the range of concentration steps provided. Thus,
the representation of the panelists' judgments as in 8.1 need not
terminate with two or more consecutive plusses (+).
[0108] Sub-article 8.3, Since there is a finite probability that a
correct answer will occur by chance alone, it is important that a
panelist repeat the test three times. Panelists who fail the test
at the highest concentration, are deemed anomic to the test
material and their response is removed from the data set.
[0109] Additionally, the following selections are made in
accordance with the test method's sub-articles 1.3, 1.4, 1.6, 1.7,
and 4.1, and specified here as per sub-article 9.3.
[0110] Sub-article 1.3, The threshold is characterized as being a)
only detection (awareness) that a very small amount of added
substance is present but not necessarily recognizable.
[0111] Sub-article 1.4, When the preferred method is being
conducted, namely using a simple perfume form presented via
olfactometer, then the presentation medium is an air and pure
nitrogen mix. When testing finished or complex products,
alternative presentation media may be used, such as air.
[0112] Sub-article 1.6, When the preferred method is being
conducted, namely using a simple perfume form presented via
olfactometer, then the physical method of presentation is at a rate
of 40 L/min. When testing finished or complex products, alternative
presentation devices may be used, including but not limited to
sniff cups, headspace chambers or capped bottles.
[0113] Sub-article 1.7, Presentation is made to a panel of greater
than 15 panelists, who are participating in the daily exposure
panel.
[0114] Sub-article 4.1, Eight scale steps are used, with each step
having an individual predetermined dilution factor suitable for the
stimuli being tested, at a temperature of 35.degree. C. PRM or neat
perfume stimuli are typically introduced to the olfactometer system
in the neat form via a pump syringe. Sometimes a dilution of the
stimuli with ethanol is needed.
[0115] The group average ODT values from the three time points are
used to calculate the degree of habituation. The degree of
habituation is reported for 2 specific time points, as the percent
change in group average ODT at one time point, relative to the
group average ODT at the initial baseline time point. The degree of
habituation is determined at the time points of: 2 weeks and 4
weeks, of the four week daily exposure period, using the following
formula:
Degree of Habituation (percent change in ODT) at Time X=((Group
Average ODT.sub.(Time X)-Group Average ODT.sub.(Baseline))/Group
Average ODT.sub.(Baseline)).times.100
where Time X is either 2 weeks, or 4 weeks, of repeated daily
exposure.
Anti-Habituation Index
[0116] A perfume is considered to have an anti-habituation index
of:
[0117] For a two week test [0118] Zero (0) when the Degree of
Habituation after 2 weeks of exposure to said perfume is from about
150% to 25% [0119] One (1) when the Degree of Habituation after 2
weeks of exposure to said perfume is less than 25% but greater than
10%; [0120] Two (2) when the Degree of Habituation after 2 weeks of
exposure to said perfume is from 10% to 0%; or [0121] Three (3)
when the Degree of Habituation after 2 weeks of exposure to said
perfume is less than 0% to about -25%. [0122] Four (4) when the
Degree of Habituation after 2 weeks of exposure to said perfume is
less than -25% to about -500% For a four week test [0123] Zero (0)
when the Degree of Habituation after 4 weeks of exposure to said
perfume is from about 150% to 25% [0124] One (1) when the Degree of
Habituation after 4 weeks of exposure to said perfume is less than
25% but greater than 10%; [0125] Two (2) when the Degree of
Habituation after 4 weeks of exposure to said perfume is from 10%
to 0%; or [0126] Three (3) when the Degree of Habituation after 4
weeks of exposure to said perfume is less than 0% to about -25%.
[0127] Four (4) when the Degree of Habituation after 4 weeks of
exposure to said perfume is less than -25% to about -500%
EXAMPLES
[0128] While particular examples of the present disclosure have
been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those
skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can
be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims
all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of
this invention. Weight percentages are intended in the examples
below, unless otherwise denoted.
Example 1
TABLE-US-00002 [0129] TABLE 2 Example Body Wash Compositions
Formula I Body Formula II Formula III Wash Body Wash Body Wash
Sodium Laureth-3 Sulfate 27.85% 27.85% 27.85% (as 28% active) Water
Q.S. Q.S. Q.S. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (as 29% 10.34 10.34 10.34
active) Cocamidopropyl Betaine B 4.01 4.01 4.01 (30% active) Citric
Acid 0.18 0.18 0.18 Sodium Benzoate 0.3 0.3 0.3 Disodium EDTA 0.12
0.12 0.12 Methylchloroisothiazolinone/ 0.04 0.04 0.04
Methylisothiazolinone Sodium Chloride 2.35% 1.7% 1.6% Comparative
Perfume A 1.25% -- -- Comparative Perfume B -- 1.25% -- Perfume
from Table 1 -- -- 1.25% Q.S. - means quantum satis and indicates
that this material is used to bring the total to 100%.
[0130] The formulations defined above contain various perfume
formulations. Formula III contains Perfume from Table 1. Formula I
and II contain comparative perfumes. The body wash compositions
were prepared by mixing all of the ingredients, except for sodium
chloride, for one minute at 2000 rpm in a suitable vessel. The one
minute interval should be sufficient to achieve a homogenous
solution. Next, the solution containing sodium chloride is added
and all ingredients are then remixed.
[0131] Approximately 20 test subjects per usage group were
recruited for the study. The test subjects placed in the study were
assessed for their baseline threshold intensity according to the
Odor Detection Threshold (ODT) method defined above for the perfume
of interest that was in the product. Test subjects were placed in
three study groups with a body wash according to Formulas I, II,
and III and instructed to use the product daily, as they normally
would use their current cleansing product throughout the four week
study period, using no other cleansing products throughout the
duration of the study. Their Odor Detection Threshold (ODT) was
measured again after 2 weeks of usage, and again after 4 weeks of
usage. The average Odor Detection Threshold was calculated for each
usage group. Results are shown below.
[0132] The results indicate that the Odor Detection Threshold
increases significantly above baseline (test subjects are less
sensitive) for the usage group using Formula I (comparative perfume
A) after 4 weeks of usage, indicating habituation. The surprising
result is that the test group using the body wash containing the
perfume from Table 1 had the lowest degree of habituation after 4
weeks of usage, indicating that they did not become habituated to
the scent of the product over time. Therefore, the perfume used in
Formula III is has an anti-habituation index of 0 when tested in a
two week test and an anti-habituation index of 4 when tested in a
four week test.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Degree of Habituation (% change in group
average ODT) % Change in % Change Type of Perfume Run ODT in ODT
Product Used in the ODT test at Week 2 at Week 4 Formula I from
Comparative Perfume A 554% 2948% Example 1 Formula II from
Comparative Perfume B -73% -4% Example 1 Formula III from Perfume
from Table 1 121 -93% Example 1
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Example Shampoo Compositions Composition 1
Composition 2 Ammonium Laureth Sulfate (AE.sub.3S) 6.00 6.00
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate (ALS) 10.00 10.00 Laureth-4 Alcohol 0.90
0.90 Trimethylammoniopropyl- 0.25 -- methacrylamide
chloride-N-Acrylamide copolymer.sup.(25) Trihydroxystearin.sup.(7)
0.10 0.10 Perfume Table 1 0.60 0.60 Sodium Chloride 0.40 0.40
Citric Acid 0.04 0.04 Sodium Citrate 0.40 0.40 Sodium Benzoate 0.25
0.25 Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid 0.10 0.10
Dimethicone.sup.(9,10,11) 1.00.sup.(9) 1.00.sup.(9) Water and
Minors Q.S. Q.S.
[0133] Shampoo compositions that resist habituation can also be
prepared. The shampoo compositions can be prepared by mixing all of
the ingredients, except for sodium chloride, for one minute at 2000
rpm in a suitable vessel. The one minute interval should be
sufficient to achieve a homogenous solution. Next, the solution
containing sodium chloride is added and all ingredients are
remixed.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Example Lotion Compositions Composition 3
Composition 4 Composition 5 Water Phase: Water Q.S. Q.S. Q.S.
Glycerin 5.0 5.0 5.0 Disodium EDTA 0.1 0.1 0.1 Methylparaben 0.2
0.2 0.2 Niacinamide 4.0 4.0 4.0 D-panthenol 0.5 0.5 0.5
Phenylbenzimidazole 1.0 1.0 1.0 Sulfonic Acid Pentylene Glycol 1.0
1.0 1.0 Benzyl alcohol 0.25 0.25 0.25 Triethanolamine 0.64 0.64
0.64 Oil Phase: Isopropyl Isostearate 1.33 1.33 1.33 Octisalate 4.0
4.0 4.0 Octocrylene 1.0 1.0 -- Avobenzone 2.0 2.0 -- Petrolatum 2 2
2 Shea Butter 0.5 0.5 0.5 Vitamin E Acetate 0.1 0.1 0.1
Ethylparaben 0.2 0.2 0.2 Propylparaben 0.2 0.2 0.2 Cetyl alcohol
0.3 0.3 0.3 Stearyl alcohol 0.4 0.4 0.4 Behenyl alcohol 0.4 0.4 0.4
Cetearyl Glucoside/ 0.3 0.3 0.3 Cetearyl Alcohol.sup.1 PEG-100
stearate 0.3 0.3 0.3 Tinosorb S.sup.5 -- 1 2 Synovea DOI.sup.6 4.0
5.0 6.0 Thickener: Sepigel .TM. 305.sup.2 2.25 2.25 2.25 Additional
Ingredients: Perfume Table 1 1.0 0.75 1.25 Microthene FN510.sup.3
1.0 1.0 1.0 Polysorbate 20 0.5 0.5 0.5 Dow Corning .TM. 2.0 2.0 2.0
1503.sup.4 Total: 100% 100% 100% .sup.1Emulgade .TM. PL68/50 from
Cognis .TM. .sup.2Polyacrylamide, C13-14 isoparaffin, and laureth-7
from Seppic .TM. .sup.3Polyethylene homopolymer spheres from
Equistar .TM. .sup.4Dimethicone and dimethiconol from Dow Corning
.TM. .sup.5Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine from BASF
.TM. .sup.6Dioctanoyl Isosorbide from Syntheon .TM.
[0134] Lotion compositions that resist habituation can also be
produced. The lotion can be prepared by combining the water phase
ingredients in a suitable vessel and heating the vessel to
75.degree. C. In a separate suitable vessel, the oil phase
ingredients are combined and heated to 75.degree. C. Next the oil
phase is added to the water phase and the resulting emulsion is
milled (e.g., with a Tekmar T-25). The thickener is then added to
the emulsion and the emulsion is cooled to 45.degree. C. while
stirring. At 45.degree. C., the remaining additional ingredients
are added. The product is then cooled with stirring to 30.degree.
C., milled again, and then poured into suitable containers.
[0135] All documents cited in the Detailed Description are, in
relevant part, incorporated herein by reference; the citation of
any document is not to be construed as an admission that it is
prior art with respect to the present invention. To the extent that
any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with
any meaning or definition of the same term in a document
incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to
that term in this document shall govern. The perfume raw materials
disclosed, claimed and/or used in the perfumes claimed and/or
described herein encompass any stereoisomers of such perfume raw
materials.
[0136] Unless otherwise noted, all component or composition levels
are in reference to the active portion of that component or
composition, and are exclusive of impurities, for example, residual
solvents or by-products, which may be present in commercially
available sources of such components or compositions.
[0137] All percentages and ratios are calculated by weight unless
otherwise indicated. All percentages and ratios are calculated
based on the total composition unless otherwise indicated.
[0138] It should be understood that every maximum numerical
limitation given throughout this specification includes every lower
numerical limitation, as if such lower numerical limitations were
expressly written herein. Every minimum numerical limitation given
throughout this specification will include every higher numerical
limitation, as if such higher numerical limitations were expressly
written herein. Every numerical range given throughout this
specification will include every narrower numerical range that
falls within such broader numerical range, as if such narrower
numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.
[0139] The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be
understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values
recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension
is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension
disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm".
[0140] Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced
or related patent or application and any patent application or
patent to which this application claims priority or benefit
thereof, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety
unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any
document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to
any invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in
any combination with any other reference or references, teaches,
suggests or discloses any such invention. Further, to the extent
that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts
with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document
incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to
that term in this document shall govern.
[0141] While particular examples of the present invention have been
illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in
the art that various other changes and modifications can be made
without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is
therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes
and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
* * * * *