U.S. patent application number 13/846062 was filed with the patent office on 2014-03-27 for system management device, network system, system management method, and program.
This patent application is currently assigned to TOSHIBA SOLUTIONS CORPORATION. The applicant listed for this patent is KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA, TOSHIBA SOLUTIONS CORPORATION. Invention is credited to Tomonari Tanaka, Masamichi Tateoka.
Application Number | 20140089497 13/846062 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 49955020 |
Filed Date | 2014-03-27 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140089497 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Tanaka; Tomonari ; et
al. |
March 27, 2014 |
SYSTEM MANAGEMENT DEVICE, NETWORK SYSTEM, SYSTEM MANAGEMENT METHOD,
AND PROGRAM
Abstract
A first calculator calculates, for each combination of the
physical machines, a network distance representing magnitude of
load during communication between one of a plurality of physical
machines and another physical machine. An acquisition unit acquires
communication permission information representing that a newly
operated virtual machine is permitted to communicate with which
virtual machine among a plurality of virtual machine already
operated in any one of the plurality of physical machines. A second
calculator calculates, for each of the plurality of physical
machines, a network cost representing magnitude of load of the
network system during communication between the
communication-permitted virtual machine and a new virtual machine,
when one of the plurality of physical machines operates the new
virtual machine on the basis of the network distance and the
communication permission information. A determination unit
determines which physical machine is to operate the new virtual
machine, using the calculated network cost.
Inventors: |
Tanaka; Tomonari; (Kanagawa,
JP) ; Tateoka; Masamichi; (Tokyo, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA
TOSHIBA SOLUTIONS CORPORATION |
Tokyo
Tokyo |
|
JP
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
TOSHIBA SOLUTIONS
CORPORATION
Tokyo
JP
KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA
Tokyo
JP
|
Family ID: |
49955020 |
Appl. No.: |
13/846062 |
Filed: |
March 18, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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PCT/JP2012/074271 |
Sep 21, 2012 |
|
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13846062 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
709/224 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04L 43/08 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
709/224 |
International
Class: |
H04L 12/26 20060101
H04L012/26 |
Claims
1. A system management device that manages a network system in
which a plurality of physical machines, which operate a virtual
machine, are connected to be communicable through a network, the
system management device comprising: a first calculator configured
to calculate, for each combination of the physical machines, a
network distance representing magnitude of load during
communication between one of the plurality of physical machines and
another physical machine; an acquisition unit configured to acquire
communication permission information representing that a first
machine is permitted to communicate with which second machine among
a plurality of second machines, the first machine being a virtual
machine to be newly operated, and each of the second machines being
a virtual machine already operated in any one of the physical
machines; a second calculator configured to calculate, for each of
the physical machines, a network cost representing magnitude of
load of the network system during communication between the
communication-permitted second machine and the first machine when
one of the physical machines operates the first machine, on the
basis of the network distance calculated for each combination of
the physical machines and the communication permission information;
and a determination unit configured to determine which physical
machine among the physical machines is to operate the first
machine, using the network cost calculated for each of the physical
machines.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the second calculator
calculates the network cost by summing the network distances
between the physical machine which is a target of calculating the
network cost, and each of the physical machines in which the second
machine permitted to communicate with the first machine is
operated.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition unit
acquires the communication permission information in which a port
number used in communication is designated, and the second
calculator calculates the network cost by summing values obtained
by multiplying a weight based on the port number designated in the
communication permission information by the network distances
between the physical machine which is a target of calculating the
network cost, and each of the physical machines in which the second
machine permitted to communicate with the first machine is
operated.
4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first calculator
calculates the network distance using a delay time generated by
communication between one of the physical machines and the other
physical machine.
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first calculator
calculates the network distance using a band use amount of a
network apparatus on a network path used when one of the physical
machines communicates with the other physical machine.
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition unit
acquires the communication permission information from a rule of a
firewall applied to the first machine.
7. A network system in which a plurality of physical machines,
which operate a virtual machine, and a system management device are
connected to be communicable through a network, wherein the system
management device includes: a first calculator configured to
calculate, for each combination of the physical machines, a network
distance representing magnitude of load during communication
between one of the plurality of physical machines and another
physical machine; an acquisition unit configured to acquire
communication permission information representing that a first
machine is permitted to communicate with which second machine among
a plurality of second machines, the first machine being a virtual
machine to be newly operated, and each of the second machines being
a virtual machine already operated in any one of the physical
machines; a second calculator configured to calculate, for each of
the physical machines, a network cost representing magnitude of
load of the network system during communication between the
communication-permitted second machine and the first machine when
one of the physical machines operates the first machine, on the
basis of the network distance calculated for each combination of
the physical machines and the communication permission information;
and a determination unit configured to determine which physical
machine among the physical machines is to operate the first
machine, using the network cost calculated for each of the physical
machines.
8. A system management method which is performed in a system
management device that manages a network system in which a
plurality of physical machines, which operates a virtual machine,
are connected to be communicable through a network, the system
management method comprising: calculating, for each combination of
the physical machines, a network distance representing magnitude of
load during communication between one of the plurality of physical
machines communicates and another physical machine, by a first
calculator of the system management device; acquiring communication
permission information representing that a first machine is
permitted to communicate with which second machine among a
plurality of second machines, the first machine being a virtual
machine to be newly operated, and each of the second machines being
a virtual machine already operated in any one of the physical
machines, by an acquisition unit of the system management device;
calculating, for each of the physical machines, a network cost
representing magnitude of load of the network system during
communication between the communication-permitted second machine
and the first machine when one of the plurality of physical
machines operates the first machine, on the basis of the network
distance calculated for each combination of the physical machines
and the communication permission information, by a second
calculator of the system management device; and determining which
physical machine among the physical machine is to operate the first
machine, using the network cost calculated for each of the physical
machines, by a determination unit of the system management
device.
9. A computer program product comprising a computer readable medium
containing a program, wherein the program causes a computer that
manages a network system in which a plurality of physical machines,
which operate a virtual machine, are connected to be communicable
through a network, to execute: calculating, for each combination of
the physical machines, a network distance representing magnitude of
load during communication between one of the plurality of physical
machines communicates and another physical machine; acquiring
communication permission information representing that a first
machine is permitted to communicate with which second machine among
a plurality of second machines, the first machine being a virtual
machine to be newly operated, and each of the second machines being
a virtual machine already operated in any one of the physical
machines; calculating, for each of the physical machines, a network
cost representing magnitude of load of the network system during
communication between the communication-permitted second machine
and the first machine when one of the plurality of physical
machines operates the first machine, on the basis of the network
distance calculated for each combination of the physical machines
and the communication permission information; and determining which
physical machine among the physical machine is to operate the first
machine, using the network cost calculated for each of the physical
machines.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation of PCT international
application Ser. No. PCT/JP2012/074271, filed on Sep. 21, 2012
which designates the United States, incorporated herein by
reference.
FIELD
[0002] Embodiments described herein relate generally to a system
management device, a network system, a system management method,
and a program.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Cloud computing is a technique in which a user uses IT
resources prepared in a data center as a service. The cloud
computing is classified into SaaS (Software as a Service), PaaS
(Platform as a Service), and IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service),
according to a service form of the IT resources. The SaaS is to
provide application software as a service, and the PaaS is to
provide development environment or execution environment of the
application software as a service. In addition, the IaaS operates a
virtual machine on request of a user, on a physical machine
connected to a network system of a data center, so as to provide
resources of the virtual machine as a service.
[0004] By the cloud computing technique, the user of the IT
resources can obtain advantages that reduction of initial
investment can be expected and the used IT resources can be easily
increased or decreased according to a necessary amount. On the
other hand, in the cloud computing technique, a plurality of users
share the IT resources of the data center, and thus it is pointed
out that response to non-functional requirement such as performance
is weak. In the IaaS, when the virtual machine is newly operated on
request of the user, it is important to consider which physical
machine should be operated for efficiently operating the virtual
machine on the whole system, from a plurality of physical machines
connected to the network system of the data center, from the view
point of the response to the non-functional requirement. That is,
by the selection of the physical machine operating the new virtual
machine, a problem may occur, in which load of a network
concentrates on a specific portion, or the virtual machines which
need to communicate with each other are disposed to perform
communication through a network path with a long delay, so that
performance necessary in the whole network system is not satisfied.
For this reason, it is desirable to provide a technique of
determining a physical machine optimal to operate the new virtual
machine, so as to efficiently dispose the virtual machine on the
whole system.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0005] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a
network system of an embodiment;
[0006] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a functional
configuration of a system management device;
[0007] FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating examples of
communication permission information;
[0008] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of load
information;
[0009] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a network
distance;
[0010] FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating process sequence of a
first calculation unit;
[0011] FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams illustrating examples of a
network cost;
[0012] FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating process sequence of a
second calculation unit;
[0013] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating another example of load
information;
[0014] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating another example of a
network distance;
[0015] FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams illustrating another examples
of a network cost;
[0016] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating another example of
communication permission information;
[0017] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a weight for
each port;
[0018] FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating another example of a
network cost; and
[0019] FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware
configuration of a system management device.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] According to an embodiment, a system management device
manages a network system in which a plurality of physical machines,
which operate a virtual machine, are connected to be communicable
through a network. The system management device includes a first
calculator, an acquisition unit, a second calculator, and a
determination unit. The first calculator is configured to
calculate, for each combination of the physical machines, a network
distance representing magnitude of load during communication
between one of the plurality of physical machines and another
physical machine. The acquisition unit is configured to acquire
communication permission information representing that a first
machine is permitted to communicate with which second machine among
a plurality of second machines. The first machine is a virtual
machine to be newly operated, and each of the second machines is a
virtual machine already operated in any one of the physical
machines. The second calculator is configured to calculate, for
each of the physical machines, a network cost representing
magnitude of load of the network system during communication
between the communication-permitted second machine and the first
machine when one of the physical machines operates the first
machine, on the basis of the network distance calculated for each
combination of the physical machines and the communication
permission information. The determination unit is configured to
determine which physical machine among the physical machines is to
operate the first machine, using the network cost calculated for
each of the physical machines.
[0021] Various embodiments will be described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
First Embodiment
[0022] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a
network system according to an embodiment. The network system
includes a plurality of physical machines connected to be
communicable through a network. In an example of FIG. 1, four
physical machines of a physical machine 1, a physical machine 2, a
physical machine 3, and a physical machine 4 are connected to be
communicable through the network.
[0023] The physical machine 1 is connected to a LAN (Local Area
Network) 51, and the physical machine 2 is connected to a LAN 52.
The LAN 51 and the LAN 52 are connected through a WAN (Wide Area
Network) 50. The physical machine 3 and the physical machine 4 are
connected to a LAN 53. The LAN 51 and the LAN 53 are connected
through a router 15. The LAN 53 is connected to a system management
device 100 that manages the whole network system, in addition to
the physical machine 3 and the physical machine 4. In addition, the
configuration of the network system illustrated in FIG. 1 is merely
an example, and the number of physical machines and the connection
type may be arbitrarily selected.
[0024] Each of the physical machines 1 to 4 provides resources for
operating a virtual machine (hereinafter, referred to as a VM). In
the example of FIG. 1, three VMs of a VM 10, a VM 11, and a VM 12
are operated in the physical machine 1. The VMs 10 to 12 are
connected to the network through a virtual switch 111. In addition,
in the physical machine 2, three VMs of a VM 20, a VM 21, and a VM
22 are operated. The VMs 20 to 22 are connected to the network
through a virtual switch 112. In addition, in the physical machine
3, three VMs of a VM 30, a VM 31, and a VM 32 are operated. The VMs
30 to 32 are connected to the network through a virtual switch 113.
In addition, in the physical machine 4, three VMs of a VM 40, a VM
41, and a VM 42 are operated. The VMs 40 to 42 are connected to the
network through a virtual switch 114.
[0025] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a functional
configuration of the system management device 100. As illustrated
in FIG. 2, the system management device 100 includes a
communication unit 110, a management unit 120, a first calculation
unit 130, and a second calculation unit 140.
[0026] The communication unit 110 communicates with the physical
machines 1 to 4 on the network, the VMs 10 to 12, 20 to 22, 30 to
32, and 40 to 42 operated in the physical machines 1 to 4, and
network apparatuses (in the example of FIG. 1, the router 15 and
network switches on the LANs 51 to 53).
[0027] The management unit 120 performs various managements
necessary to maintain and operate the network system, and mainly
performs VM management, configuration information management, and
operation information acquisition. The VM management is a function
of starting, changing, and eliminating the VMs. The configuration
information management is a function of managing a present
configuration of the network system, that is, configuration
information representing which VM is being operated by which
physical machine. The operation information acquisition is a
function of acquiring operation information representing a present
resource use rate of a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or a storage
of each physical machine, from each physical machine.
[0028] In addition, the management unit 120 includes an acquisition
unit 121 and a determination unit 122, as a characteristic function
in the embodiment.
[0029] The acquisition unit 121 acquires communication permission
information representing that a VM (hereinafter, referred to as a
new VM) newly operated in the network system is permitted to
communicate with which VM among the VMs 10 to 12, 20 to 22, 30 to
32, and 40 to 42 already operated in the physical machines 1 to 4
on the network. In addition, a specific example of the
communication permission information will be described below.
[0030] The determination unit 122 determines which physical machine
is to operate the new VM, among the physical machines 1 to 4 on the
network, using a network cost to be described below, which is
calculated for each of the physical machines 1 to 4 by the second
calculation unit 140.
[0031] The first calculation unit 130 calculates, for each
combination of two physical machines of the physical machines 1 to
4, a network distance representing magnitude of load during
communication between each of the physical machines 1 to 4 on the
network and the other physical machine.
[0032] For example, the first calculation unit 130 acquires and
keeps load information representing a load state related to
communication of the physical machines 1 to 4 on the network or the
network apparatuses at an arbitrary timing. When an acquisition
request for the network distance is received from the second
calculation unit 140, the first calculation unit 130 calculates,
for example, an average or a maximum value of load within a
predetermined period for each combination of two physical machines
from the kept load information, and the calculated value is set as
the network distance between two physical machines. The first
calculation unit 130 returns the calculated network distance to the
second calculation unit 140, as a response to the acquisition
request from the second calculation unit 140. A specific example of
the load information and the network distance will be described
below.
[0033] The second calculation unit 140 calculates, for each of the
physical machines 1 to 4, a network cost representing magnitude of
load of the network system during communication between the
communication-permitted VM and the new VM of the already operated
VMs 10 to 12, 20 to 22, 30 to 32, and 40 to 42, when one of the
physical machines 1 to 4 on the network newly operates the new VM,
on the basis of the network distance calculated for each
combination of two physical machines by the first calculation unit
130, and the communication permission information acquired by the
acquisition unit 121 of the management unit 120.
[0034] For example, when an acquisition request for the network
cost is received from the management unit 120, the second
calculation unit 140 acquires the communication permission
information and the configuration information from the management
unit 120, outputs the acquisition request for the network distance
to the first calculation unit 130, and receives the network
distance calculated for each combination of two physical machines
from the first calculation unit 130, as a response to the
acquisition request. The second calculation unit 140 selects a
physical machine that is a target of calculating the network cost
from the physical machines 1 to 4, and specifies the physical
machines in which the VM permitted to communicate with the new VM
is operated, that is, all the physical machines to be a
communication correspondent, on the basis of the communication
permission information and the configuration information. The
second calculation unit 140 calculates the network cost for the
selected physical machine by summing the network distances between
the physical machine selected as the target of calculating the
network cost and each of the physical machines specified as the
physical machine to be the communication correspondent.
[0035] The second calculation unit 140 repeats the above-described
process while changing the physical machine that is the target of
calculating the network cost, and calculates the network cost for
each of the physical machines 1 to 4. The second calculation unit
140 returns the calculated network cost to the management unit 120,
as a response to the acquisition request from the management unit
120. The network cost calculated by the second calculation unit 140
is used as one indicator when the determination unit 122 of the
management unit 120 determines the physical machine operating the
new VM. In addition, a specific example of the network cost will be
described below.
[0036] Next, in the network system illustrated in FIG. 1, an
operation of the system management device 100 of the embodiment
will be described in detail in connection with two examples of a
case of newly operating a new VM_A in any one of the physical
machines 1 to 4 and a case of newly operating a new VM_B in any one
of the physical machines 1 to 4.
[0037] FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating examples of
communication permission information acquired by the acquisition
unit 121 of the management unit 120. As described above, the
communication permission information is information representing
that the new VM is permitted to communicate with which VM of the
already operated VMs 10 to 12, 20 to 22, 30 to 32, and 40 to 42.
For example, such communication permission information may be
acquired from a rule of a firewall applied to the new VM. For
example, the rule of the firewall is generated by designation of a
user when operating the new VM, or by preparing a plurality of
templates as a menu by the system management device 100 and
selecting a template which the user wants to apply from the menu.
The rule of the firewall applied to the new VM includes information
of restricting a communication correspondent of the new VM, and it
is possible to obtain the communication permission information of
the new VM by extracting the information. In addition, the
acquisition unit 121 may acquire information generated by a user or
the like as information different from the firewall, as the
communication permission information.
[0038] FIG. 3A illustrates the communication permission information
acquired from the rule of the firewall applied to the new VM_A, in
a tabular form. In the table of FIG. 3A, the VM corresponding to a
column with .largecircle. represents the VM permitted to
communicate with the new VM_A, and the VM corresponding to a column
with no .largecircle. represents the VM which is not permitted to
communicate with the new VM_A. That is, the communication
permission information illustrated in FIG. 3A represents that the
new VM_A is permitted to communicate with the VM 10, the VM 21, the
VM 22, the VM 41, and the VM 42.
[0039] FIG. 3B illustrates the communication permission information
acquired from the rule of the firewall applied to the new VM_B, in
a tabular form. In the table of FIG. 3(b), the VM corresponding to
a column with .largecircle. represents the VM permitted to
communicate with the new VM_B, and the VM corresponding to a column
with no .largecircle. represents the VM which is not permitted to
communicate with the new VM_B. That is, the communication
permission information illustrated in FIG. 3B represents that the
new VM_B is permitted to communicate with the VM 11 and the VM
32.
[0040] Meanwhile, as a method of setting the rule of the firewall
in the IaaS, there is a technique such as "security group".
However, even the rule of the firewall is set using the technique
such as "security group", it is represented whether or not
communication with individual VMs is permitted when the rule is
decomposed, and thus it is possible to obtain the communication
permission information represented in the tabular form illustrated
in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B.
[0041] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of load
information kept by the first calculation unit 130. The first
calculation unit 130 acquires load information representing a load
state related to communication of the physical machines 1 to 4 on
the network or the network apparatuses, to calculate the network
distance between two physical machines on the network as described
above, and keeps the load information. Herein, as the load
information used in the calculation of the network distance, for
example, a time necessary for a packet to reciprocate between two
physical machines, that is, a delay time from an action to a
response generated when communication is performed between two
physical machines may be used.
[0042] Specifically, the first calculation unit 130 performs a
process of measuring a time from when a certain physical machine
sends a ping to when a response is returned from the other physical
machine, for each of the other physical machines, on all the
physical machines 1 to 4 on the network. The first calculation unit
130 collects the measurement results from all the physical machines
1 to 4, and keeps them as the load information.
[0043] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of the load information
acquired from the physical machine 1 by the first calculation unit
130, and illustrates a result of measuring a time (ms) from when a
ping is sent from the physical machine 1 to when a response is
returned from each of the physical machines 2 to 4, in a tabular
form. In FIG. 4, the example in which the measurement is performed
four times is illustrated, but the number of times of measurement
should not be necessarily four. In addition, the measurement may be
regularly performed, for example, at a regular interval before
requesting the new VM to operate, and may be performed after
requesting the new VM to operate.
[0044] The first calculation unit 130 acquires the load information
as illustrated in FIG. 4 from each of the physical machines 1 to 4
on the network and keeps it. When an acquisition request of the
network distance is received from the second calculation unit 140,
the first calculation unit 130 calculates, for each combination of
two physical machines, the network distance between two physical
machines on the network using the kept load information.
[0045] As a method of calculating the network distance from the
load information, various methods are conceivable. For example,
there is a method in which a maximum value of the value (in the
example of FIG. 4, a response time of a ping (a delay time)) kept
as the load information is the network distance between two
physical machines. In this case, using the load information
exemplified in FIG. 4, the network distance between the physical
machine 1 and the physical machine 2 is 24, the network distance
between the physical machine 1 and the physical machine 3 is 4, and
the network distance between the physical machine 1 and the
physical machine 4 is 3. In addition, an average value of the
values kept as the load information may be the network distance
between two physical machines. In this case, using the load
information exemplified in FIG. 4, the network distance between the
physical machine 1 and the physical machine 2 is 21, the network
distance between the physical machine 1 and the physical machine 3
is 2.75, and the network distance between the physical machine 1
and the physical machine 4 is 2.5. In addition, for example, a
method in which a minimum value of the values kept as the load
information is the network distance between two physical machines,
and a method in which a weight is attached to the value kept as the
load information, which is weighed as much as new data, are
conceivable.
[0046] The first calculation unit 130 calculates the network
distance for each combination of two physical machines according to
the method described above. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an
example of the network distance calculated by the first calculation
unit 130. The example of FIG. 5 is an example of using a delay time
illustrated in FIG. 4 as the load information and calculating a
maximum value thereof as the network distance, and the network
distance of each combination of two physical machines of the
physical machines 1 to 4 is represented in a tabular form. The
first calculation unit 130 calculates the network distance of each
combination of two physical machines illustrated in FIG. 5,
according to the acquisition request from the second calculation
unit 140. The first calculation unit 130 returns the calculated
network distance to the second calculation unit 140, as a response
to the acquisition request from the second calculation unit
140.
[0047] FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating process sequence of the
first calculation unit 130. First, the first calculation unit 130
acquires the load information from each of the physical machines 1
to 4 on the network at an arbitrary timing, and keeps the acquired
load information (Step S101). When the acquisition request for the
network distance is received from the second calculation unit 140
(Step S102), the first calculation unit 130 calculates the network
distance for each combination of two physical machines of the
physical machines 1 to 4 using the load information acquired in
Step S101 (Step S103). The first calculation unit 130 returns the
network distance calculated in Step S103 to the second calculation
unit 140, as a response to the acquisition request received in Step
S102 (Step S104).
[0048] As described above, the second calculation unit 140
calculates, for each of the physical machines 1 to 4 on the
network, the network cost when the new VM is operated on the basis
of the communication permission information and the configuration
information acquired from the management unit 120, and the network
distance acquired from the first calculation unit 130.
[0049] First, a method of calculating, by the second calculation
unit 140, the network cost when the new VM_A is operated, using the
communication permission information illustrated in FIG. 3A and the
network distance illustrated in FIG. 5, will be described. From the
communication permission information illustrated in FIG. 3A, it is
known that the new VM_A may communicate with the physical machine 1
in which the VM 10 is operated, the physical machine 2 in which the
VM 21 and the VM 22 are operated, and the physical machine 4 in
which the VM 41 and the VM 42 are operated.
[0050] Herein, considering a case of operating the new VM_A in the
physical machine 1, when the new VM_A communicates with the VM 10,
the physical machine 1 does not communicate with the other physical
machines. When the new VM_A communicates with the VM 21 or the VM
22, the physical machine 1 communicates with the physical machine
2. When the new VM_A communicates with the VM 41 or the VM 42, the
physical machine 1 communicates with the physical machine 4.
Accordingly, the network cost when operating the new VM_A in the
physical machine 1 may be calculated by summing the network
distance between the physical machine 1 and the physical machine 2
and the network distance between the physical machine 1 and the
physical machine 4. In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the
network distance between the physical machine 1 and the physical
machine 2 is 24, the network distance between the physical machine
1 and the physical machine 4 is 3, and thus the network cost when
operating the new VM_A in the physical machine 1 is 27.
[0051] In a case of operating the new VM_A in the physical machine
2, when the new VM_A communicates with the VM 10, the physical
machine 2 communicates with the physical machine 1. When the new
VM_A communicates with the VM 21 or the VM 22, the physical machine
2 does not communicate with the other physical machines. When the
new VM_A communicates with the VM 41 or the VM 42, the physical
machine 2 communicates with the physical machine 4. Accordingly,
the network cost when operating the new VM_A in the physical
machine 2 may be calculated by summing the network distance between
the physical machine 2 and the physical machine 1 and the network
distance between the physical machine 2 and the physical machine 4.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the network distance between
the physical machine 2 and the physical machine 1 is 24, the
network distance between the physical machine 2 and the physical
machine 4 is 32, and thus the network cost when operating the new
VM_A in the physical machine 2 is 56.
[0052] In addition, in a case of operating the new VM_A in the
physical machine 3, when the new VM_A communicates with the VM 10,
the physical machine 3 communicates with the physical machine 1.
When the new VM_A communicates with the VM 21 or the VM 22, the
physical machine 3 communicates with the physical machine 2. When
the new VM_A communicates with the VM 41 or the VM 42, the physical
machine 3 communicates with the physical machine 4. Accordingly,
the network cost when operating the new VM_A in the physical
machine 3 may be calculated by summing the network distance between
the physical machine 3 and the physical machine 1, the network
distance between the physical machine 3 and the physical machine 2,
and the network distance between the physical machine 3 and the
physical machine 4. In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the
network distance between the physical machine 3 and the physical
machine 1 is 4, the network distance between the physical machine 3
and the physical machine 2 is 32, the network distance between the
physical machine 3 and the physical machine 4 is 1, and thus the
network cost when operating the new VM_A in the physical machine 3
is 37.
[0053] In addition, in a case of operating the new VM_A in the
physical machine 4, when the new VM_A communicates with the VM 10,
the physical machine 4 communicates with the physical machine 1.
When the new VM_A communicates with the VM 21 or the VM 22, the
physical machine 4 communicates with the physical machine 2. When
the new VM_A communicates with the VM 41 or the VM 42, the physical
machine 4 does not communicate with the other physical machines.
Accordingly, the network cost when operating the new VM_A in the
physical machine 4 may be calculated by summing the network
distance between the physical machine 4 and the physical machine 1
and the network distance between the physical machine 4 and the
physical machine 2. In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the
network distance between the physical machine 4 and the physical
machine 1 is 3, the network distance between the physical machine 4
and the physical machine 2 is 32, and thus the network cost when
operating the new VM_A in the physical machine 4 is 35.
[0054] Next, a method of calculating, by the second calculation
unit 140, the network cost when operating the new VM_B, using the
communication permission information illustrated in FIG. 3B and the
network distance illustrated in FIG. 5, will be described. From the
communication permission information illustrated in FIG. 3B, it is
known that the new VM_B may communicate with the physical machine 1
in which the VM 11 is operated and the physical machine 3 in which
the VM 32 is operated.
[0055] Herein, considering a case of operating the new VM_B in the
physical machine 1, when the new VM_B communicates with the VM 11,
the physical machine 1 does not communicate with the other physical
machines. When the new VM_B communicates with the VM 32, the
physical machine 1 communicates with the physical machine 3.
Accordingly, the network cost when operating the new VM_B in the
physical machine 1 is the network distance between the physical
machine 1 and the physical machine 3. In the example illustrated in
FIG. 5, the network distance between the physical machine 1 and the
physical machine 3 is 4, and thus the network cost when operating
the new VM_B in the physical machine 1 is 4.
[0056] In a case of operating the new VM_B in the physical machine
2, when the new VM_B communicates with the VM 11, the physical
machine 2 communicates with the physical machine 1. When the new
VM_B communicates with the VM 32, the physical machine 2
communicates with the physical machines 3. Accordingly, the network
cost when operating the new VM_B in the physical machine 2 may be
calculated by summing the network distance between the physical
machine 2 and the physical machine 1 and the network distance
between the physical machine 2 and the physical machine 3. In the
example illustrated in FIG. 5, the network distance between the
physical machine 2 and the physical machine 1 is 24, the network
distance between the physical machine 2 and the physical machine 3
is 32, and thus the network cost when operating the new VM_B in the
physical machine 2 is 56.
[0057] In addition, in a case of operating the new VM_B in the
physical machine 3, when the new VM_B communicates with the VM 11,
the physical machine 3 communicates with the physical machine 1.
When the new VM_B communicates with the VM 32, the physical machine
3 does not communicate with the other physical machines.
Accordingly, the network cost when operating the new VM_B in the
physical machine 3 is the network distance between the physical
machine 3 and the physical machine 1. In the example illustrated in
FIG. 5, the network distance between the physical machine 3 and the
physical machine 1 is 4, and thus the network cost when operating
the new VM_B in the physical machine 3 is 4.
[0058] In addition, in a case of operating the new VM_B in the
physical machine 4, when the new VM_B communicates with the VM 11,
the physical machine 4 communicates with the physical machine 1.
When the new VM_B communicates with the VM 32, the physical machine
4 communicates with the physical machine 3. Accordingly, the
network cost when operating the new VM_B in the physical machine 4
may be calculated by summing the network distance between the
physical machine 4 and the physical machine 1 and the network
distance between the physical machine 4 and the physical machine 3.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, the network distance between
the physical machine 4 and the physical machine 1 is 3, the network
distance between the physical machine 4 and the physical machine 3
is 1, and thus the network cost when operating the new VM_B in the
physical machine 4 is 4.
[0059] FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams illustrating examples of the
network cost calculated by the second calculation unit 140, FIG. 7A
illustrates the network cost when operating the new VM_A, and FIG.
7B illustrates the network cost when operating the new VM_B, in a
tabular form, respectively.
[0060] The second calculation unit 140 calculates the network cost
of each of the physical machines 1 to 4 illustrated in FIG. 7A or
FIG. 7B according to the acquisition request for the network cost
from the management unit 120, and returns the calculated network
cost of each of the physical machines 1 to 4 to the management unit
120, as a response to the acquisition request from the management
unit 120.
[0061] The network cost transmitted from the second calculation
unit 140 to the management unit 120 is used as one indicator when
the determination unit 122 of the management unit 120 determines a
physical machine to operate the new VM, from the physical machines
1 to 4. For example, when the network cost of each of the physical
machines 1 to 4 is acquired from the second calculation unit 140,
the determination unit 122 acquires a total cost representing an
aptitude degree of the physical machine operating the new VM, using
the network cost of each of the physical machines 1 to 4 and the
resource use rate of each of the physical machines 1 to 4, and
determines a physical machine with the lowest total cost as the
physical machine operating the new VM.
[0062] FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating process sequence of the
second calculation unit 140. When the acquisition request for the
network cost is received from the management unit 120 (Step S201),
the second calculation unit 140 acquires the communication
permission information and the configuration information from the
management unit 120 (Step S202). Then, the second calculation unit
140 transmits the acquisition request for the network distance to
the first calculation unit 130 (Step S203). When the network
distance transmitted from the first calculation unit 130 is
acquired as a response to the acquisition request of Step S203
(Step S204), the second calculation unit 140 calculates the network
cost of each of the physical machines 1 to 4 based on the
communication permission information and the configuration
information acquired in Step S202 and the network distance acquired
in Step S204 (Step S205). The second calculation unit 140 returns
the network cost calculated in Step S205 to the management unit
120, as a response to the acquisition request received in Step S201
(Step S206).
[0063] As described above in detail by the specific examples, the
system management device 100 according to the embodiment calculates
the network distance for each combination of two physical machines
of the physical machines 1 to 4 on the network, calculates the
network cost of each of the physical machines 1 to 4 using the
network distance and the communication permission information, and
determines the physical machine operating the new VM from the
physical machines 1 to 4 using the network cost as one indicator.
Therefore, according to the system management device 100 according
to the embodiment, it is possible to determine the physical machine
optimal to operate the new VM by assuming which communication is
performed when operating the new VM, as well as the present state
of each of the physical machines 1 to 4 on the network, and thus it
is possible to operate the new VM in more efficient disposition on
the whole system.
[0064] As the related art, for example, there is a method of
assuming optimal disposition of the VM from the present operation
information of all the physical machines, and performing
rearrangement. However, in the related art, when the VM is not
actually operated in either physical machine, the operation
information cannot be collected, and the optimal disposition cannot
be assumed before operating the VM. For this reason, although the
optimal disposition can be assumed, it is necessary to perform a
very high cost work called live migration of moving the operated VM
between the physical machines. In contrast, in the embodiment, it
is possible to determine the physical machine optimal to operate
the new VM before operating the new VM, and thus it is possible to
realize more efficient disposition of the VM on the whole system,
without performing the high cost work such as the live
migration.
[0065] In addition, as another related art, there is a method of
determining the physical machine operating the new VM based on the
operation information of all the physical machines on the network.
According to the related art, it is possible to operate the new VM
in the physical machine with a margin in resources, and thus it is
possible to achieve smoothing of use resources of the physical
machine. However, in the related art, the physical machine
operating the new VM is determined, without considering that
communication is performed after the new VM is operated.
Accordingly, the new VM is disposed at a position very far away
from a communication correspondent on the network path, and
unnecessary network traffic on the whole system may be generated.
In contrast, in the embodiment, the optimal physical machine is
determined considering the communication after the new VM is
operated, and thus it is possible to operate the new VM in more
efficient disposition on the whole system.
Second Embodiment
[0066] Next, a second embodiment will be described. The second
embodiment is different in the load information acquired to
calculate the network distance by the first calculation unit 130,
from the first embodiment. That is, the first calculation unit 130
of the first embodiment acquires the delay time generated when
performing communication between two physical machines, as the load
information, but the first calculation unit 130 of the second
embodiment acquires a band use amount of a network apparatus on the
network path used when performing communication between two
physical machines, as the load information. The other configuration
is the same as that of the first embodiment.
[0067] Hereinafter, the description of the same configuration as
that of the first embodiment will not be made, and only difference
from the first embodiment will be described. In addition,
hereinafter, the first calculation unit 130 of the second
embodiment is represented by a first calculation unit 130A to
discriminate from the first embodiment.
[0068] The first calculation unit 130A specifies the network path
between two physical machines for each combination of two physical
machines on the network. The first calculation unit 130A acquires
each present band use amount from a network apparatus (in the
example of FIG. 1, the router 15 or network switches on the LANs 51
to 53) on each network path at an arbitrary timing, and keeps the
band use amount as the load information.
[0069] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the load
information kept in the first calculation unit 130A. In the example
of FIG. 9, the network switch on the LAN 51 connected to the
physical machine 1 is represented by a network apparatus N1, the
router 15 between the LAN 51 and the LAN 53 is represented by a
network apparatus N2, the network switch on the LAN 53 connected to
the physical machine 3 and the physical machine 4 is represented by
a network apparatus N3, the network switch on the LAN 52 connected
to the physical machine 2 is represented by a network apparatus N4,
and the band use amount acquired from each of the network
apparatuses N1 to N4 is represented in a tabular form. In FIG. 9,
an example of acquiring the band use amount of each of the network
apparatuses N1 to N4 four times at different timings is
illustrated, but the number of times of acquiring the band use
amount should not be necessarily four. In addition, the acquisition
of the band use amount may be continuously performed, may be
regularly performed at a regular interval before the new VM is
requested to operate, or may be performed after the new VM is
requested to operate.
[0070] The first calculation unit 130A acquires and keeps the load
information illustrated in FIG. 9 from each of the network
apparatuses N1 to N4 on the network. When the acquisition request
for the network distance is received from the second calculation
unit 140, the first calculation unit 130A calculates the network
distance between two physical machines on the network for each
combination of two physical machines, using the kept load
information.
[0071] For example, the first calculation unit 130A acquires a band
remaining amount by subtracting a maximum value of the band use
amount from a maximum band of the network apparatus using the
maximum value of the band use amount of the network apparatus kept
as the load information. The maximum band of the network apparatus
may be kept in advance, for example, by measuring the maximum band
before the network apparatus is mounted on the system. When band
remaining amount is acquired for all the network apparatuses on the
network path between two physical machines, the first calculation
unit 130A calculates a sum of reciprocals of the band remaining
amounts of all the network apparatuses as the network distance
between two physical machines. For example, the network apparatuses
on the network path between the physical machine 1 and the physical
machine 3 are the network apparatus N1, the network apparatus N2,
and the network apparatus N3. When the load information exemplified
in FIG. 9 is used, the band remaining amount of the network
apparatus N1 is 20, the band remaining amount of the network
apparatus N2 is 70, and the band remaining amount of the network
apparatus N3 is 93. Therefore, the network distance between the
physical machine 1 and the physical machine 3 is
1/20+1/70+1/93=0.075.
[0072] The first calculation unit 130A calculates the network
distance for each combination of two physical machines according to
the method described above. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an
example of the network distance calculated by the first calculation
unit 130A. The example of FIG. 10 is an example using the band use
amounts of the network apparatuses N1 to N4 illustrated in FIG. 9
as the load information, in which the network distance of each
combination of two physical machines of the physical machines 1 to
4 is represented in a tabular form. The first calculation unit 130A
calculates the network distance of each combination of two physical
machines illustrated in FIG. 10 according to the acquisition
request from the second calculation unit 140, and returns the
network distance to the second calculation unit 140.
[0073] FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams illustrating examples of
network costs calculated by the second calculation unit 140 based
on the communication permission information illustrated in FIGS. 3A
and 3B and the network distance illustrated in FIG. 10, FIG. 11A
illustrates the network cost when operating the new VM_A, and FIG.
11B illustrates the network cost when operating the new VM_B, in a
tabular form, respectively.
[0074] As described above, the sum of the reciprocals of the band
remaining amounts of all the network apparatuses on the network
path between two physical machines is the network distance between
two physical machines. When there is even one network apparatus in
which most of the band is used, the value of the network distance
is very large. For this reason, when the new VM is operated in the
physical machine using the network path that passes through such a
network apparatus, the network cost is very large. As a result, the
physical machine operating the new VM is determined to more
effectively utilize the network resources on the whole system.
[0075] In addition, in the example, the first calculation unit 130A
calculates the sum of the reciprocals of the band remaining amounts
of all the network apparatuses on the network path between two
physical machines, as the network distance between two physical
machines, but the network distance may be calculated by the other
methods. For example, the sum of the band use amounts of all the
network apparatuses on the network path between two physical
machines may be calculated as the network distance between two
physical machines, or the maximum value of the band use amounts of
all the network apparatuses on the network path between two
physical machines may be the network distance between two physical
machines.
[0076] As described above, according to the embodiment, the network
distance between two physical machines is calculated using the band
use amounts of the network apparatuses on the network path between
two physical machines. Accordingly, in addition to the effect of
the first embodiment, furthermore, it is possible to determine the
physical machine optimal to operate the new VM by reflecting also
the operation state of the network resources, and thus it is
possible to operate the new VM in more efficient disposition on the
whole system.
[0077] The load information used to calculate the network distance
between two physical hosts, or a method of calculating the network
distance using the load information is not limited to two examples
described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and
various other aspects and combination thereof may be used.
Third Embodiment
[0078] Next, a third embodiment will be described. The third
embodiment is different in the communication permission information
acquired by the acquisition unit 121 and the method of calculating
the network cost by the second calculation unit 140 using the
communication permission information, from the first embodiment.
That is, the acquisition unit 121 of the first embodiment acquires
the communication permission information representing the VM
permitted to communicate with the new VM from the rule of the
firewall applied to the new VM, but the acquisition unit 121 of the
third embodiment acquires communication permission information in
which a port number used in communication is further designated,
from the rule of the firewall applied to the new VM. In addition,
the second calculation unit 140 of the first embodiment calculates
the network cost by summing the network distances between the
physical machine of the target of calculating the network cost and
each of the physical machines in which the communication-permitted
VM with the communication permission information is operated, but
the second calculation unit 140 of the third embodiment calculates
the network cost by summing values obtained by multiplying a weight
corresponding to a port number designated in the communication
permission information by the network distances between the
physical machine of the target of calculating the network cost and
each of the physical machines in which the communication-permitted
VM with the communication permission information is operated. The
other configuration is the same as that of the first
embodiment.
[0079] Hereinafter, the description of the same configuration as
that of the first embodiment will not be made, and only difference
from the first embodiment will be described. Hereinafter, the
acquisition unit 121 of the third embodiment is represented by an
acquisition unit 121A to discriminate from the first embodiment,
and the second calculation unit 140 of the third embodiment is
represented by a second calculation unit 140A to discriminate from
the first embodiment.
[0080] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of
communication permission information acquired by the acquisition
unit 121A, and illustrates communication permission information
acquired from the rule of the firewall applied to the new VM_C in a
tabular form. In the table of FIG. 12, the VM corresponding to a
column in which a numerical value is entered represents the VM
permitted to communicate with the new VM_A, the numerical value
represents a port number designated as a port used when
communicating with the VM. That is, in the communication permission
information illustrated in FIG. 12, the new VM_C is permitted to
communicate with the VM 11 and the VM 32, and it is illustrated
that the port of the port number 80 is used when communicating with
the VM 11, and the port of the port number 22 is used when
communicating with the VM 32.
[0081] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a weight of
each port. The second calculation unit 140A keeps information in
which the weight of each port is described as illustrated in FIG.
13, and uses the information when calculating the network cost.
That is, the second calculation unit 140A multiplies the weight
corresponding to the number of the port used in communication on
the network distance between two physical servers, and calculates
network cost by summing the values.
[0082] The weight of each port is determined on the basis of
measurement value representing how large data is used in general of
protocol generally used in each port. In the example of FIG. 13,
the port of the port number 80 is used mainly in HTTP (Hyper Text
Transfer Protocol), there are many cases where a data amount is
very large, and thus the value of the weight is large. In addition,
the port of the port number 53 is a DNS (Domain Name System), there
are few cases where large data flows, and thus the value of the
weight is small. Such a weight may be statistically calculated, for
example, by actually operating a system. In addition, such a weight
may be empirically set by a person. When the person empirically
sets the weight, the weight may be set to include the view point
how much response speed is required. For example, it is conceivable
that the value of the weight value is increased as much as the port
needing a high speed response.
[0083] Herein, a method will be described in which the second
calculation unit 140A calculates the network cost when operating
the new VM_C, using the communication permission information
illustrated in FIG. 12, the information of the weight of each port
illustrated in FIG. 13, and the network distance illustrated in
FIG. 5. From the communication permission information illustrated
in FIG. 12, it is known that the new VM_C may communicate with the
physical machine 1 in which the VM 11 is operated and the physical
machine 3 in which the VM 32 is operated. In addition, it is known
that, when the new VM_C communicates with the physical machine 1,
the port of the port number 80 is used, and when the new VM_C
communicates with the physical machine 3, the port of the port
number 22 is used.
[0084] Herein, considering a case of operating the new VM_C in the
physical machine 1, when the new VM_C communicates with the VM 11,
the physical machine 1 does not communicate with the other physical
machines, and when the new VM_C communicates with the VM 32, the
physical machine 1 communicates with the physical machine 3.
Accordingly, the network cost when operating the new VM_C in the
physical machine 1 is a value obtained by multiplying the weight
corresponding to the port number 22 by the network distance between
the physical machine 1 and the physical machine 3. In the example
illustrated in FIG. 5, the network distance between the physical
machine 1 and the physical machine 3 is 4. In the example
illustrated in FIG. 13, the value of the weight corresponding to
the port number 22 is 0.3. Accordingly, the network cost when
operating the new VM_C in the physical machine 1 is 1.2.
[0085] In addition, considering a case of operating the new VM_C in
the physical machine 2, when the new VM_C communicates with the VM
11, the physical machine 2 communicates with the physical machine
1, and when the new VM_C communicates with the VM 32, the physical
machine 2 communicates with the physical machine 3. Accordingly,
the network cost when operating the new VM_C in the physical
machine 2 may be calculated by summing a value obtained by
multiplying the weight corresponding to the port number 80 by the
network distance between the physical machine 2 and the physical
machine 1, and a value obtained by multiplying the weight
corresponding to the port number 22 by the network distance between
the physical machine 2 and the physical machine 3. In the example
illustrated in FIG. 5, the network distance between the physical
machine 2 and the physical machine 1 is 24, and the network
distance between the physical machine 2 and the physical machine 3
is 32. In the example illustrated in FIG. 13, the value of the
weight corresponding to the port number 80 is 0.8, and the value of
the weight corresponding to the port number 22 is 0.3. Accordingly,
the network cost when operating the new VM_C in the physical
machine 2 is 28.8.
[0086] In addition, considering a case of operating the new VM_C in
the physical machine 3, when the new VM_C communicates with the VM
11, the physical machine 3 communicates with the physical machine
1, and when the new VM_C communicates with the VM 32, the physical
machine 3 does not communicate with the other physical machines.
Accordingly, the network cost when operating the new VM_C in the
physical machine 3 is a value obtained by multiplying the weight
corresponding to the port number 80 by the network distance between
the physical machine 3 and the physical machine 1. In the example
illustrated in FIG. 5, the network distance between the physical
machine 3 and the physical machine 1 is 4. In the example
illustrated in FIG. 13, the value of the weight corresponding to
the port number 80 is 0.8. Accordingly, the network cost when
operating the new VM_C in the physical machine 3 is 3.2.
[0087] In addition, considering a case of operating the new VM_C in
the physical machine 4, when the new VM_C communicates with the VM
11, the physical machine 4 communicates with the physical machine
1, and when the new VM_C communicates with the VM 32, the physical
machine 4 communicates with the physical machine 3. Accordingly,
the network cost when operating the new VM_C in the physical
machine 4 may be calculated by summing a value obtained by
multiplying the weight corresponding to the port number 80 by the
network distance between the physical machine 4 and the physical
machine 1, and a value obtained by multiplying the weight
corresponding to the port number 22 by the network distance between
the physical machine 4 and the physical machine 3. In the example
illustrated in FIG. 5, the network distance between the physical
machine 4 and the physical machine 1 is 3, and the network distance
between the physical machine 4 and the physical machine 3 is 1. In
the example illustrated in FIG. 13, the value of the weight
corresponding to the port number 80 is 0.8, and the value of the
weight corresponding to the port number 22 is 0.3. Accordingly, the
network cost when operating the new VM_C in the physical machine 4
is 2.7.
[0088] FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of the network
cost calculated by the second calculation unit 140A, and
illustrates the network cost when operating the new VM_C in a
tabular form. The second calculation unit 140A calculates the
network cost of each of the physical machines 1 to 4 illustrated in
FIG. 14 according to the acquisition request for the network cost
from the management unit 120, and returns the calculated network
cost of each of the physical machines 1 to 4 to the management unit
120, as a response to the acquisition request from the management
unit 120.
[0089] As described above, according to the embodiment, the network
cost is calculated by multiplying the network distance by the
weight corresponding to the port number used when the new VM
performs communication. Accordingly, in addition to the effect of
the first embodiment, furthermore, it is possible to determine the
physical machine optimal to operate the new VM by additionally
considering the data amount of communication or the necessary
response speed, and thus it is possible to operate the new VM in
more efficient disposition on the whole system.
[0090] Meanwhile, a method of weighting about the network distance
is not limited to the weight corresponding to the port number used
in communication, for example, the weighting may be performed using
other information included in the rule of the firewall applied to
the new VM, such as the information of the security group described
above.
[0091] The first to third embodiments have been described above,
but each function of the system management device 100 according to
such embodiments may be realized, for example, by executing a
predetermined program on the system management device 100. In this
case, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 15, the system management
device 100 has a hardware configuration using a general computer
provided with a control device such as a CPU (Central Processing
Unit) 101, a memory device such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) 102,
and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 103, a communication I/F 104 that
is connected to a network to perform communication, and a bus 105
that connects units.
[0092] A program executed in the system management device 100
according to the embodiment is recorded in a computer-readable
recording medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory),
a flexible disk (FD), a CD-R (Compact Disk Recordable), and a DVD
(Digital Versatile Disc) as installable-type or executable-type
files, and is provided as a computer program product.
[0093] In addition, the program executed in the system management
device 100 according to the embodiment may be configured to be
stored in a computer connected to a network such as Internet and to
be provided by downloading through the network. In addition, the
program executed in the system management device 100 according to
the embodiment may be configured to be provided or distributed
through the network such as Internet.
[0094] In addition, the program executed in the system management
device 100 according to the embodiment may be configured to be
provided by recording the program in the ROM 102 or the like in
advance.
[0095] The program executed in the system management device 100
according to the embodiment has a module configuration including
the processing units (the communication unit 110, the management
unit 120 (the acquisition unit 121 and the determination unit 122),
the first calculation unit 130, and the second calculation unit
140) realizing the functions of the system management device 100.
As actual hardware, for example, the CPU 101 (the processor) reads
and executes the program from the recording medium, each processing
unit described above is thereby loaded on a main memory device, and
each processing unit described above is generated on the main
memory device. In addition, in the system management device 100
according to the embodiment, a part or all of the processing units
described above may be realized using dedicated hardware such as
ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) and FPGA
(Field-Programmable Gate Array).
[0096] In addition, in the system management device 100 according
to the embodiment, it is not necessary to realize each processing
unit described above by one device, and the processing units
described above may be dispersed in a plurality of devices to be
realized.
[0097] While certain embodiments have been described, these
embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not
intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel
embodiments described herein may be embodied in a variety of other
forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in
the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without
departing from the spirit of the inventions. The accompanying
claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or
modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the
inventions.
* * * * *