U.S. patent application number 14/028632 was filed with the patent office on 2014-03-20 for gasifying burner with inert gas curtain between pilot burner and powder burner.
The applicant listed for this patent is Dietmar Adler, Norbert Fischer, Manfred Janig, Jurgen Noack, Manfred Schingnitz. Invention is credited to Dietmar Adler, Norbert Fischer, Manfred Janig, Jurgen Noack, Manfred Schingnitz.
Application Number | 20140076211 14/028632 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 50181632 |
Filed Date | 2014-03-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140076211 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Adler; Dietmar ; et
al. |
March 20, 2014 |
GASIFYING BURNER WITH INERT GAS CURTAIN BETWEEN PILOT BURNER AND
POWDER BURNER
Abstract
A burner is provided for gasifying powdered fuel with a free
oxygen-containing oxidant at temperatures up to 1900.degree. C. and
pressures up to 10 MPa. The burner includes a powder burner part
having an oxidant channel and a powdered fuel channel, and a
central pilot burner part. An annular channel for the outflow of an
inert medium is arranged at the burner mouth between the pilot
burner part and the powder burner part.
Inventors: |
Adler; Dietmar;
(Grossschirma, DE) ; Fischer; Norbert;
(Lichtenberg, DE) ; Janig; Manfred; (Grunewald,
DE) ; Noack; Jurgen; (Dresden, DE) ;
Schingnitz; Manfred; (Freiberg, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Adler; Dietmar
Fischer; Norbert
Janig; Manfred
Noack; Jurgen
Schingnitz; Manfred |
Grossschirma
Lichtenberg
Grunewald
Dresden
Freiberg |
|
DE
DE
DE
DE
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
50181632 |
Appl. No.: |
14/028632 |
Filed: |
September 17, 2013 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
110/265 ;
431/160 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F23D 1/00 20130101; F23D
2900/00016 20130101; F23D 14/78 20130101; F23D 1/005 20130101; F23D
2214/00 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
110/265 ;
431/160 |
International
Class: |
F23D 1/00 20060101
F23D001/00; F23D 14/78 20060101 F23D014/78 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 17, 2012 |
DE |
102012216505.3 |
Claims
1. A burner for gasifying powdered fuel with a free
oxygen-containing oxidant at temperatures up to 1900.degree. C. and
pressures up to 10 MPa, the burner comprising: a powder burner part
having an oxidant channel and a powdered fuel channel, and a
central pilot burner part, wherein an annular channel for the
outflow of an inert medium is arranged at the burner mouth between
the pilot burner part and the powder burner part.
2. The burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oxidant channel of
the powder burner part is arranged immediately adjacent to the
annular channel for the outflow of the inert medium.
3. The burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein an annular channel for
the outflow of an inert medium is arranged between the oxidant
channel and the powdered fuel channel.
4. The burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inert medium is
provided by nitrogen.
5. The burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inert medium is
provided by carbon dioxide.
6. The burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inert medium is
provided by steam.
7. The burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inert medium is
provided by water.
8. The burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inert medium is
provided by any desired mixture of the group nitrogen, carbon
dioxide, steam and water.
9. The burner as claimed in claim 3, wherein various inert media
are provided from the group consisting of nitrogen, carbon dioxide,
steam and water for the annular channel for the outflow of an inert
medium between pilot burner and powder burner part and also the
annular channel for the outflow of an inert medium between the
oxidant channel and the powdered fuel channel of the powder burner
part.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority of German Patent Office
application No. 102012216505.3 DE filed Sep. 17, 2012. All of the
applications are incorporated by reference herein in their
entirety.
FIELD OF INVENTION
[0002] The invention relates to a burner for gasifying powdered
fuel with a free oxygen-containing oxidant at temperatures up to
1900.degree. C. and pressures up to 10 MPa comprising a powder
burner part having an oxidant channel and a powdered fuel channel
and also a central pilot burner part.
[0003] The invention further relates to a gasifying burner having
an integrated pilot burner and ignition appliance for gasifying
powdered fuels with a free oxygen-containing oxidant at pressures
up to 10 MPa and temperatures above the melting point of the
inorganic components of the powdered fuels.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
[0004] Pulverized coal combination burners are known for the
partial oxidation of pulverized fuels having a cylindrical
water-cooled housing and internal annular spaces for feeding the
pulverized fuel and the oxidant. The gasifying burner forms,
together with the reaction space delimitation of the gasifier, the
inner contour of the gasification space. There is a high thermal
stress of the components in contact with the reaction space
interior. The technology is extensively described in "Die
Veredelung und Umwandlung von Kohle" [Refining and conversion of
coal], published by the Deutschen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft
fur Erdol, Erdgas und Kohle e.V., [German Scientific Society for
Petroleum, Natural Gas and Coal e.V.], December 2008, chapter
"GSP-Vergasung" [GSP gasification]. The gasifying burner contains,
in the center, a gas-oxygen burner which acts as ignition and pilot
burner and is equipped with an optical flame monitoring and a
high-voltage emission appliance. It serves for starting up the
gasifying burner.
[0005] There are also gasifying burners in which the burner end
surfaces facing the hot gasification space are water cooled. The
supply of the powdered fuel and the gasifying agent are organized
in such a manner that intense mixing and reaction occurs directly
at the burner mouth, wherein temperatures far above 2000.degree. C.
occur in the flame root. The gasification pressure can be up to 10
MPa. In spite of the indirect cooling with water, the burner end
surfaces are subject to an extreme thermal stress which leads to
increased wear by corrosion and erosion, and greatly limits the
availability of the gasifying burners. The problem is additionally
intensified in that the pilot burner in the center of the
combination burner is operated at an oxygen index of 0.3 to 0.5 and
the gas generated in this process is burnt unhindered with the free
oxygen-containing gasifying agent and in the process very high
temperatures are generated.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
[0006] The problem of the invention is to develop a burner for
gasifying powdered fuel in such a manner that the wear on the
burner mouth due to the thermal stress is reduced.
[0007] The problem is solved by the features of the independent
claim(s).
[0008] According to the invention, an inert gas curtain is used in
order to delay the mixing of the reaction partners and thus keep
the flame remote from the burner mouth.
[0009] The position and shape of the gasifying and pilot burner
flame is modified in such a manner that the heat input into the
burner end surfaces facing the hot gasification space is decreased.
This is achieved in that the reaction partners oxidant and fuel are
separated by one or more inert gas curtains. As a result, the
reaction velocity is reduced, the flame is extended, the flame
temperature is decreased and the gasification flame is moved away
from the burner end surfaces.
[0010] Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in
the subclaims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The invention will be explained in more detail hereinafter
as an exemplary embodiment in a scope necessary for understanding,
with reference to figures. In the drawings:
[0012] FIG. 1 shows a rotationally symmetrical section of a
combination burner consisting of pilot burner and powder burner
parts having an inert gas curtain between the pilot burner and the
oxidant channel of the powder burner part,
[0013] FIG. 2 shows a rotationally symmetrical section of a
combination burner consisting of pilot burner and powder burner
parts having inert gas curtains between the pilot burner and the
oxidant channel of the powder burner part and also between the
oxidant channel and powder channel of the powder burner part.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
[0014] In the figures, the same references denote the same
elements.
[0015] In a gasifying reactor having a gross output of 500 MW, a
combination burner according to FIG. 1 is used which consists of a
powder burner part 1 and a pilot burner part 2. The combination
burner is situated at the top of the gasifying reactor and closes
the gasification space at the top. Through the powder channel 3, 72
Mg/h of powdered fuel and through the oxidant channel 4 34 000
Nm.sup.3/h of oxygen are fed to the gasification space 5 and are
reacted at a pressure of 4.2 MPa and gasification temperatures of
1750.degree. C. to 123 500 Nm.sup.3/h of crude synthesis gas,
wherein the temperature in this case can rise to 1900.degree. C.
The powdered fuel is fed in dense-phase flow with carbon dioxide as
transporting gas at a transporting density of 380 kg/m.sup.3. In
the center of the combination burner, there is situated the pilot
burner part 2, to which fuel gas is fed via the fuel gas channel 6
and oxygen is fed via the oxygen channel 7. The pilot burner part 2
is lit and operated in order to set the gasification reactor at the
required operating pressure, to ignite the powdered fuel and
thereby take up the gasifying operation. The individual channels of
the powder burner and pilot burner parts for the powdered fuel and
oxidant feed are separated by the cooling channels 8, 9 and 10,
through which cooling water flows. In this case, the cooling water
pressures and temperatures are selected in such a manner that a
boiling state does not occur. Despite the intense cooling, the
cooling channels 8, 9 and 10 are exposed to very high temperatures
which likewise lead to high temperature gradients between the inner
and outer surface of the cooling channels and thus to rapid wear.
By applying an inert gas curtain 11, the direct reaction between
the gas generated by the pilot burner and the oxygen from the
oxidant channel 4 can be prevented or at least delayed. This leads
to a lowering of the temperatures and to detachment of the flame
from the burner end surfaces. As inert gas, nitrogen, carbon
dioxide, steam and mixtures thereof or water can be used.
[0016] In a gasifying reactor, under the same conditions as in the
present example, a combination burner according to FIG. 2 is used.
In addition to the inert gas curtain 11 between the pilot burner
part 2 and the oxidant channel 4, an additional inert gas curtain
12 is used between the powdered fuel channel 3 and the oxidant
channel 4 of the powder burner part 1, in order to lower the flame
temperature further and to lift the gasification flame from the
burner end surface. The same inert media can be used as in the
previous example. It is also possible to form the inert gas curtain
from different inert media.
[0017] The invention is also provided by a burner for gasifying
powdered fuel with a free oxygen-containing oxidant at temperatures
up to 1900.degree. C. and pressures up to 10 MPa, in which, between
the annular channel for the oxidant (4) and the outflow for the
powdered fuel (3), an annular channel for the outflow of an inert
medium (12) is arranged. In a particular development, this burner
can be designed by a centrally arranged pilot burner (2) to form a
combination burner.
LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS
[0018] 1 Powder burner part [0019] 2 Pilot burner part [0020] 3
Powdered fuel channel [0021] 4 Oxidant channel [0022] 5
Gasification space [0023] 6 Fuel gas channel [0024] 7 Oxygen
channel [0025] 8 Cooling channels [0026] 9 Cooling channels [0027]
10 Cooling channels [0028] 11 Inert gas curtain between the pilot
burner part 2 and the oxidant channel 4 [0029] 12 Inert gas curtain
between the oxidant channel 4 and the powdered fuel channel 3
* * * * *