U.S. patent application number 14/024967 was filed with the patent office on 2014-03-13 for systems, methods, and apparatus for preventing condensation in refrigerated display cases.
This patent application is currently assigned to HEATCRAFT REFRIGERATION PRODUCTS LLC. The applicant listed for this patent is HEATCRAFT REFRIGERATION PRODUCTS LLC. Invention is credited to Chandrashekhara S. Chikkakalbalu, Ajay Iyengar.
Application Number | 20140069125 14/024967 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 49304315 |
Filed Date | 2014-03-13 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140069125 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Chikkakalbalu; Chandrashekhara S. ;
et al. |
March 13, 2014 |
SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING CONDENSATION IN
REFRIGERATED DISPLAY CASES
Abstract
Systems, methods, and apparatuses are provided for preventing
condensation in refrigerated display cases. A display case can be
provided with one or more heater circuits and one or more sensors
communicably coupled thereto. The sensor can sense ambient humidity
levels, ambient temperature levels, and surface temperature levels.
In certain embodiments, dewpoint temperatures may be calculated
based on the ambient humidity and temperature levels provided by
the sensor. The sensed ambient humidity level, temperature level,
surface temperature, or calculated dewpoint can be compared to
preset trigger levels and at least one of the heater circuits can
be activated if the preset trigger level is violated. Activation of
the heater circuit can be for a predetermined amount or percentage
of time or at a predetermined voltage level based on the sensed or
calculated level or the amount the sensed or calculated level is
over the preset trigger level.
Inventors: |
Chikkakalbalu; Chandrashekhara
S.; (Columbus, GA) ; Iyengar; Ajay; (Stone
Mountain, GA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
HEATCRAFT REFRIGERATION PRODUCTS LLC |
Richardson |
TX |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
HEATCRAFT REFRIGERATION PRODUCTS
LLC
Richardson
TX
|
Family ID: |
49304315 |
Appl. No.: |
14/024967 |
Filed: |
September 12, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61700303 |
Sep 12, 2012 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
62/80 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F25D 21/04 20130101;
F25D 21/08 20130101; F25D 2400/02 20130101; A47F 3/0408
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
62/80 |
International
Class: |
F25D 21/08 20060101
F25D021/08 |
Claims
1. A method for controlling a heating system in a refrigerated
display case comprising the steps of: providing a refrigerated
display case comprising a secondary heater circuit and a sensor
communicably coupled to the secondary heater circuit; receiving an
ambient humidity level from the sensor; determining if the ambient
humidity level is greater than a preset humidity level; and
activating the secondary heater circuit based on the determination
that the ambient humidity level is greater than the preset humidity
level.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
providing a primary heater circuit for the refrigerated display
case; and operating the primary heater circuit at a constant power
level.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the refrigerated display case
comprises: a plurality of walls defining at least one cavity; an
aperture disposed though a first of the plurality of the walls to
provide access to the cavity; and a door comprising a door frame
along the first wall and disposed about at least a portion of the
aperture, wherein at least a portion of the primary heater circuit
and the secondary heater circuit are disposed within the door
frame.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the refrigerated display case
comprises: a plurality of side walls, and a floor coupled to one or
more of the side walls; said side walls and floor defining a cavity
within the display case, wherein at least one of the side walls
include a portion that is at least partially transparent and
wherein at least one other of the side walls includes a top portion
comprising a metallic panel; said side walls defining an opening
along a top of the side walls to access the cavity from an area
above the side walls; wherein the at least one of the side walls
comprises a metallic panel and wherein the primary heater circuit
and the secondary heater circuit are in thermal communication with
at least a portion of the metallic panel, said primary heater
circuit being electrically isolated from said secondary heater
circuit.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein activating the secondary heater
circuit comprises activating the secondary heater circuit for a
predetermined amount of time, wherein the predetermined amount of
time the secondary heater circuit is activated is based on the
ambient humidity level.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the predetermined amount of time
the secondary heater circuit is activated increases as the ambient
humidity level from the sensor increases.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprises the steps of:
determining, based on the received ambient humidity level, a first
voltage level setting for the secondary heater circuit, wherein the
first voltage level setting is less than a full voltage level; and
wherein activating the secondary heater circuit comprises
activating the secondary heater circuit at the first voltage level
based on the determination that the ambient humidity level is
greater than the preset humidity level.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the full voltage level is
selected from the group consisting of 120 volts, 230 volts, 240
volts, and 400 volts.
9. A method for controlling a heating system in a refrigerated
display case comprising the steps of: providing a refrigerated
display case comprising: a primary heater circuit; a secondary
heater circuit; and a sensor communicably coupled to the secondary
heater circuit; operating the primary heater circuit at a constant
power level; receiving an ambient temperature level from the
sensor; determining if the ambient temperature level is greater
than a preset temperature level; and activating the secondary
heater circuit based on the determination that the ambient
temperature level is greater than the preset temperature level.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein activating the secondary heater
circuit comprises activating the secondary heater circuit for a
predetermined amount of time, wherein the predetermined amount of
time the secondary heater circuit is activated is based on the
ambient temperature level.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the predetermined amount of
time the secondary heater circuit is activated increases as the
ambient humidity level from the sensor increases.
12. The method of claim 9, further comprises the steps of:
determining, based on the received ambient temperature level, a
first voltage level setting for the secondary heater circuit,
wherein the first voltage level setting is less than a full voltage
level; and wherein activating the secondary heater circuit
comprises activating the secondary heater circuit at the first
voltage level based on the determination that the ambient
temperature level is greater than the preset temperature level.
13. A method for controlling a heating system in a refrigerated
display case comprising the steps of: providing a refrigerated
display case comprising: a primary heater circuit; a secondary
heater circuit; and a dewpoint sensor communicably coupled to the
secondary heater circuit and disposed outside of the display case;
operating the primary heater circuit at a constant power level;
receiving an ambient humidity level from the dewpoint sensor;
receiving an ambient temperature from the dewpoint sensor;
calculating a dewpoint temperature; determining if the calculated
dewpoint temperature is greater than a preset dewpoint temperature;
and activating the secondary heater circuit based on the
determination that the calculated dewpoint temperature is greater
than the preset dewpoint temperature.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein activating the secondary heater
circuit comprises activating the secondary heater circuit for a
predetermined amount of time, wherein the predetermined amount of
time the secondary heater circuit is activated is based on the
calculated dewpoint temperature.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the predetermined amount of
time the secondary heater circuit is activated increases as the
calculated dewpoint temperature increases.
16. The method of claim 13, further comprises the steps of:
determining, based on the calculated dewpoint temperature, a first
voltage level setting for the secondary heater circuit, wherein the
first voltage level setting is less than a full voltage level; and
wherein activating the secondary heater circuit comprises
activating the secondary heater circuit at the first voltage level
based on the determination that the calculated dewpoint temperature
is greater than the preset dewpoint temperature.
17. A method for controlling a heating system in a refrigerated
display case comprising the steps of: providing a refrigerated
display case comprising: a display case comprising a plurality of
walls defining at least one cavity; an aperture disposed though a
first of the plurality of the walls to provide access to the cavity
from an exterior of the display case; a door frame along the first
wall and disposed about at least a portion of the aperture; at
least one temperature sensor disposed along an outer exposed
surface of the door frame; a heater circuit disposed within the
door frame; and a dewpoint sensor communicably coupled to the
heater circuit; receiving at least one surface temperature reading
from the at least one temperature sensor; sensing an ambient
temperature at the dewpoint sensor; sensing an ambient relative
humidity at the dewpoint sensor; calculating a dewpoint temperature
based on the sensed ambient temperature and sensed ambient relative
humidity; determining if the surface temperature reading is less
than the calculated dewpoint temperature; and activating the heater
circuit based on the determination that the surface temperature
reading is less than the calculated dewpoint temperature.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the step of receiving at least
one surface temperature reading comprises receiving a plurality of
surface temperature readings from a plurality of temperature
sensors disposed along the outer exposed surface of the door frame,
the method further comprising: determining a lowest surface
temperature reading from the received plurality of surface
temperature readings; determining if the lowest surface temperature
reading is less than the calculated dewpoint temperature; and
activating the heater circuit based on the determination that the
lowest surface temperature reading is less than the calculated
dewpoint temperature.
19. The method of claim 17, wherein the refrigerated display case
further comprises a data storage device communicably coupled to a
controller and the at least one temperature sensor, the data
storage device configured to store control information for the
heater circuit, the control information capable of being used to
generate a chart of operational parameters for the heater circuit
to educate the customer on the effect of humidity on energy
consumption by the heater circuit.
20. The method of claim 17, wherein the refrigerated display unit
further comprises an alarm communicably coupled to a controller
controlling the heater circuit, wherein the controller evaluates
the energy consumed by the heater circuit and initiates the alarm
if the energy consumed by the heater circuit is greater than a
predetermined level.
21. The method of claim 17, wherein the refrigerated display unit
further comprises an alarm communicably coupled to a controller
controlling the heater circuit, wherein the controller evaluates
the received surface temperature reading to determine if the
surface temperature remains below the calculated dewpoint
temperature for a predetermined amount of time after activating the
heater circuit and wherein the controller initiates the alarm based
on a positive determination that the surface temperature remains
below the calculated dewpoint temperature for a predetermined
amount of time after activating the heater circuit.
Description
RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C.
.sctn.119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/700,303,
titled Systems, Methods, and Apparatus for Preventing Condensation
in Display Cases, filed on Sep. 12, 2012, the entire contents of
which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of
heater systems for refrigerated display units and more particularly
to systems, methods, and apparatus for a dual circuit anti-sweat
heater control system.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Retail and other establishments that store and sell
refrigerated items frequently must be concerned with condensation
problems. It is a common practice in commercial refrigerators and
freezers, referred to below as refrigerated display units, to
utilize a glass display door/window with a large transparent window
in it to provide easy access for a customer while allowing the
customer to also see what is inside the refrigerated display unit.
Frequently, the window makes up the majority of the door panel.
Under adverse environmental conditions, condensation on the
door/window frames of the unit and window panes and outer frame of
the door can be a problem.
[0004] For example, a door to a refrigerated display unit in a
store may be opened frequently by customers. When this happens, the
inside of the door, which may be, for example, at a temperature of
-15 degrees Fahrenheit to 40 degrees Fahrenheit, is immediately
exposed to the ambient air in the store, which is typically at a
much higher temperature. Depending on the temperature and humidity
levels of the ambient air, condensation may form on the cold
outside surfaces of the door. If the humidity is relatively high,
heavy condensation may form almost immediately, which can
completely obscure the view through the door/window glass. This
obviously is detrimental to the purpose of the window, which is to
provide a clear view inside the cooler to better promote the
products stored therein. Additionally, the condensation may be
heavy enough to cause the door/window to drip when opened or
condensation on the door frame to drip down the front of the
display unit. This is a particular problem in retail stores where
it can create a slip hazard.
[0005] In an effort to reduce or eliminate these problems, it has
become a common practice to employ heaters in door windows and door
frames of refrigeration equipment. These devices, which will be
referred to as refrigerated display units below, use small
electrical heating elements to raise the temperature of the door
glass or frame sufficiently above the dewpoint temperature so that
condensation is reduced or eliminated. Door heaters are used in
both refrigerators and freezers, and both types of units will be
understood to be included in the term refrigerated display unit as
it is used below. There is a significant energy cost associated
with using such devices, however. It takes energy to power the
heaters, and the heat generated by these heaters must be removed
from the refrigerated volume by the refrigeration system. The costs
involved with door heaters can be substantial.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0006] For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure
and certain features thereof, reference is now made to the
following description, in conjunction with the accompanying figures
briefly described as follows:
[0007] FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a refrigerated display unit
configured to include the dual-circuit anti-sweat heater control
system, and a smart controller in accordance with one exemplary
embodiment;
[0008] FIG. 1B is a partial-perspective view of the door frame for
one of the doors of the refrigerated display unit in accordance
with one exemplary embodiment;
[0009] FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams of the dual-circuit
anti-sweat heater control system for use in the refrigerated
display unit of FIG. 1A in accordance with one exemplary
embodiment;
[0010] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an alternative anti-sweat
heater control system having a single or dual-circuit heating
control system for use in the refrigerated display unit of FIG. 1A
in accordance with an alternate exemplary embodiment;
[0011] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for providing anti-sweat
heating control with the dual-circuit anti-sweat heater control
system of FIGS. 2A-B in accordance with one exemplary
embodiment;
[0012] FIG. 5 is a flowchart of another method for providing
anti-sweat heating control with the dual-circuit anti-sweat heater
control system of FIGS. 2A-B in accordance with another exemplary
embodiment;
[0013] FIG. 6 is a flowchart of another method for providing
anti-sweat heating control with the dual-circuit anti-sweat heater
control system of FIGS. 2A-B in accordance with yet another
exemplary embodiment;
[0014] FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for providing anti-sweat
heating control with the anti-sweat heater control system of FIG. 3
in accordance with one exemplary embodiment;
[0015] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another example refrigerated
display unit configured to include the exemplary dual-circuit or
single circuit anti-sweat heater control system and smart
controller in accordance with one exemplary embodiment;
[0016] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of yet another refrigerated
display unit configured to include the exemplary dual-circuit or
single-circuit anti-sweat heater control system and smart
controller in accordance with one exemplary embodiment; and
[0017] FIG. 10 is a flowchart of another method for providing
anti-sweat heating control with the dual-circuit anti-sweat heater
control system of FIGS. 2A-B or a single-circuit anti-seat heater
control system in accordance with another exemplary embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
[0018] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully
hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
the exemplary embodiments are shown. The concepts disclosed and/or
claimed herein may, however, be embodied in many different forms
and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments
set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that
this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully
convey the scope of that which is disclosed to those or ordinary
skill in the art. Like numbers refer to like, but not necessarily
the same or identical, elements throughout.
[0019] FIG. 1A is a perspective view of an exemplary refrigerated
display unit 100 configured to include a dual-circuit anti-sweat
heater control system in accordance with one exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 1B is a partial-perspective view of one of the door/window
frames of the refrigerated display unit 100 according to one
exemplary embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the
exemplary display unit 100 can include a casing 101 which includes
multiple walls 105, such a back wall 111, an opposing front wall
115, two or more side walls 120, a top wall or ceiling 125, and a
bottom wall or floor 130. The walls 105 can define one or more
cavities for storing products within the unit 100. The unit 100 can
also include one or more cooling units 135 for cooling the cavity
area. The front wall of the casing 101 can include one or more
openings that allow access to the products within the casing.
[0020] One or more doors 102 can be pivotally or otherwise
adjustably mounted to the casing 101 to both cover and provide
access to the openings. Each door 102 can include an outer frame
140 that surrounds the perimeter of a transparent material 145,
such as glass or plastic. The outer frame 140 of the door 102 can
be made of a metallic material, such as steel, aluminum, or any
other material known to those of skill in the art. Each door 102
can also include a door handle 150 that can be coupled to or
provided in the outer frame 140 or the transparent material 145 of
the door 102. The door handle 150 can provide a means for rotatably
opening the door 102 to access the contents within the unit
100.
[0021] A casing door frame 103 is provided on the casing 101 and
disposed along the front wall for each corresponding door 102. The
door frame 103 generally has the same perimeter shape as the door
102 and is configured to contact at least a portion of the door 102
when the door 102 is in the closed position. For example, the metal
frame 140 disposed along the outer periphery of the door 102 can
contact the door frame 103 when the door 102 is in the closed
position. In the example shown in FIG. 1A, the door frame 103 would
have a generally rectangular shape to match the generally
rectangular shape of the door 102 so that the metallic outer frame
140 of the door 102 can be mechanically, magnetically, and/or
thermally coupled to the door frame 103. For example, heat can be
transferred from the door frame 103 to the metallic outer frame 140
of the door by way of thermal conduction.
[0022] As best seen in FIG. 1B, the door frame 103 can include a
first channel 106 and a second channel 107 disposed along and
within the door frame 103. The first channel 106 is sized and
shaped to receive a primary heating device for a primary heater
circuit. For example, the channels 106, 107 can have a depth such
that, when heating device is disposed therein, the top or outward
facing portion of the heating device will be flush with the surface
of the remainder of the door frame 103. In one exemplary
embodiment, the primary heating device for the primary heater
circuit is a small gauge heater wire. While the first channel 106
is shown as being generally straight, in alternative embodiments,
the first channel 106, and the primary heating device for the
primary heater circuit disposed therein, can have a serpentine or
other pattern to provide a greater amount of surface area contact
for the primary heater circuit along the door frame 103.
[0023] The second channel 107 is sized and shaped to receive a
secondary heating device for a secondary heater circuit. In certain
exemplary embodiments, the primary and secondary heater circuits
are electrically isolated or not electrically coupled to one
another. In one exemplary embodiment, the secondary heating device
for the secondary heater circuit is a small gauge heater wire.
While the second channel 107 is shown as being generally straight
along each edge of the door/window frame (such as around each
opening) (to create a generally rectangular shape for the channel
107), in alternative embodiments, the second channel 107, and the
secondary heating device for the secondary heater circuit disposed
therein, can have a serpentine or other pattern to provide a
greater amount of surface area contact for the secondary heater
circuit along the door/window frame. Alternatively, the secondary
heater circuit can be routed and positioned anywhere additional
heat is needed in a refrigerated display unit to limit or prevent
condensation build-up. While the example discussed above shows just
one first channel 106 and second channel 107, it is understood that
the unit 100 can have a first 106 and second 107 channel about each
opening, about a group of openings in the unit 100 or a single
first 106 and second 107 channel for the entire unit 100.
[0024] FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams of an exemplary
dual-circuit anti-sweat heater control system 200 that can be
incorporated into the refrigerated display unit 100 of FIGS. 1A-1B.
Now referring to FIGS. 1A-2B, the exemplary dual-circuit anti-sweat
heater control system 200 includes a primary heater circuit 105 and
a secondary heater circuit 110. The primary heater circuit 105 and
the secondary heater circuit 110 can be disposed in or along the
door frame 103 of the unit 100. For example, the primary heater
circuit 105 can have at least a portion that is disposed in the
first channel 106 and the secondary heater circuit 110 can have a
least a portion that is disposed in the secondary channel 107.
[0025] The primary heater circuit 105 is electrically coupled to a
source of power (not shown) by way of a line conductor 205 and a
neutral conduct 210. The primary heater circuit 105 has a top end
and a bottom end and may be routed in a serpentine shape 130 to
provide increased surface area contact along the door frame 103. In
certain exemplary embodiments, at least a portion of the primary
heater circuit 105 is disposed in the first channel 106 and extends
around the perimeter of each door frame 103 or around portions of
the perimeter of each door/window frame only where needed. As
discussed above, in certain exemplary embodiments, the primary
heater circuit 105 includes a small gauge wire that emits heat
through conduction to the surface of the respective door frame 103
and to the outer frame of the door 102 when the door 102 abuts the
door frame 103 in the closed position.
[0026] The secondary heater circuit 110 is electrically coupled to
a source of power (not shown) by way of a line conductor 215 and a
neutral conductor 220. In certain exemplary embodiments, the source
of power for the primary heater circuit 105 and the secondary
heater circuit 110 is the same. Alternatively, the primary heater
circuit 105 and the secondary heater circuit 110 can have different
sources of electrical power. In certain exemplary embodiments, at
least a portion of the secondary heater circuit 110 is disposed in
the secondary channel 107 and extends around the perimeter of each
door frame 103. As discussed above, in certain exemplary
embodiments, the secondary heater circuit 110 includes a small
gauge wire that emits heat through conduction to the surface of the
respective door/window frame 103 and to the outer frame of the door
102 when the door 102 abuts the door frame 103 in the closed
position.
[0027] The secondary heater circuit 110 can also be electrically
and/or communicably coupled to a sensor 120. The sensor 120 can be
disposed adjacent to or remote from the door frame 103. Further,
the sensor 120 can be coupled to the unit 100 or positioned
elsewhere, as long as it is electrically and/or communicably
coupled to the secondary heater circuit 110 or a controller
controlling the secondary heater circuit 110. Typically the sensor
120 will be placed in the same general area as the unit 100 where
humidity is likely to be at the highest level. In one exemplary
embodiment, the sensor 120 is coupled along the top of the unit 100
adjacent the door frame 103. The exemplary sensor 120 can be a
humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, or a dewpoint sensor.
Alternatively, the sensor 120 represents more than one sensor
(including any one of or combination of the sensor types previously
stated) that is electrically and/or communicably coupled to the
secondary heater circuit 110. The sensor 120 can include a relay
125 or switch that is electrically and/or communicably coupled to
the secondary heater circuit 110. In certain exemplary embodiments,
when the relay 125 is open, power does not flow through the
secondary heater circuit 110 and the secondary heater circuit 110
does not produce heat along the door frame 103. Alternatively, when
the relay 125 is closed, power flows through the secondary heater
circuit 110 and the secondary heater circuit 110 produces heat
along the door frame 103. While the exemplary embodiment of FIGS.
2A-B does not shown a sensor electrically coupled to the primary
heater circuit 105, in an alternative embodiment (not shown), the
sensor 120 or another sensor is electrically and/or communicably
coupled to the primary heater circuit 105. This other sensor can be
a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a dewpoint sensor or any
combination thereof, similar to that described for the sensor 120
of the secondary heater circuit 110.
[0028] FIG. 3 is schematic diagram of an alternative exemplary
anti-sweat heater control system 300 that can be incorporated into
the refrigerated display unit 100 of FIG. 1A. Now referring to
FIGS. 1A-B and 3, the exemplary anti-sweat heater control system
300 includes a heater circuit 310 disposed along or within the door
frame 315, a controller 330 electrically and/or communicably
coupled to the heater circuit 310, and a sensor 320 electrically
and/or communicably coupled to the heater circuit 310 and/or the
controller 330. In certain exemplary embodiments, the door frame
315 is the same or substantially similar to the door frame 103 of
FIG. 1A and the heater circuit 310 is disposed within a channel
(e.g., the first 106 or second 107 channel) of the door frame 315
in a manner similar to that described with reference to FIG. 1B. In
one exemplary embodiment, the heater circuit 310 is substantially
similar to the secondary heater circuit 110 of FIG. 2A. The heater
circuit 310 can include a small gauge wire to emit heat along the
surface of the door frame 315 and can include a line conductor and
a neutral conductor electrically coupled to a source of power.
While the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3 presents a single heater
circuit 310, alternatively, two heater circuits similar to that
shown and described with reference to FIGS. 1B and 2A-B can be
used.
[0029] The exemplary door frame 315 further includes one or more
temperature sensors 335 coupled along an outer surface of the door
frame 315 and electrically and/or communicably coupled to the
controller 330 and/or the heater circuit 310. In certain exemplary
embodiments, three temperature sensors 335 are used and are
disposed along different areas of the door/window frame 335.
However, greater or fewer numbers of temperature sensors 335, such
as one or more temperature sensors, can be alternatively used.
[0030] The exemplary system 300 also includes a controller 330
electrically and/or communicably coupled to the heater circuit 310
and the temperature sensors 335. The controller can be positioned
adjacent to or remote from the door frame 315 and/or the sensor
320. The controller 330 provides control signals for activating and
deactivating the heater circuit 310. For example, the controller
330 can include a relay 325 or switch that activates and
deactivates the heater circuit 310. In alternative embodiments
where two heater circuits are used, each heater circuit can be
electrically and/or communicably coupled to the controller 330 or
only one can be electrically and/or communicably coupled to the
controller 330. In this alternative exemplary embodiment, the relay
325 can be, for example, a double pole relay capable of operating
both heater circuits, such that one pole is normally closed and one
is normally open.
[0031] The controller 330 also includes temperature sensor contacts
340 for electrically and/or communicably coupling the temperatures
sensors 335 to the controller 330. The exemplary controller 330 can
also include a data storage device 345. The data storage device 345
may be any suitable memory device, for example, caches, read only
memory devices, and random access memory devices. The data storage
device 345 can also store data, tables or executable instructions
for use by the controller 330. The data storage device 345 can
store data from the temperature sensors 335 the sensor 320 as well
as record the amount of time or how often the heater circuit 310 is
activated. For example, the data storage device 345 can record the
dewpoint temperature from a dewpoint sensor 320, the temperature
readings from one or more of the temperature sensors 335, and the
length or percentage of time that the heater 310 has been
activated. In embodiments using the dual heater circuit, such as
those shown and described in FIGS. 2A-B, the data storage device
345 may record on-time information individually for each heater
circuit as well as the amount of power or the heater level for each
heater circuit.
[0032] In certain exemplary embodiments, the controller 330 can
also include a temperature display 350 that provides a visual
indication of the temperature data received by the controller 330
from one or more of the temperature sensors 340. In addition, the
temperature display 350 can provide a visual indication of the
dewpoint temperature or other information received by the
controller 330 from the sensor 320. In certain exemplary
embodiments, the temperature display 350 is a light emitting diode
(LED) display and liquid crystal (LCD) display, an analog display,
or any other display known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
In certain exemplary embodiments, the temperature display 350
and/or controller also includes an alarm. The alarm can be audible
or visual. For example, the alarm can emit a sound via a speaker
(not shown) or a blinking light or both when the temperature
reading from one or more of the temperature sensors 335 are below
the dewpoint temperature or remains below the dewpoint temperature
for a predetermined or configurable amount of time. In certain
exemplary embodiments, the predetermined amount of time can be
anywhere between one second and two hundred minutes and can be
pre-programmed in the controller 330 or programmable to an amount
desired by a user at the controller.
[0033] The exemplary controller 330 can also include a remote
monitoring device 355. In certain exemplary embodiments, the remote
monitoring device 355 is a wireless transmitter or transceiver or a
Bluetooth transmitter for transmitting the data stored or received
in the data storage device 345 and or controller 330 wirelessly to
a remote device for viewing the data by a user or another computer
device.
[0034] The system 300 also includes a sensor 320 electrically
and/or communicably coupled to the controller 330. The sensor 320
can be coupled to the unit 100 or positioned elsewhere, as long as
it is electrically and/or communicably coupled to the controller
330. In certain exemplary embodiments, the sensor 320 will be
placed in the same general area as the unit 100 where humidity is
likely to be at the highest level. In one exemplary embodiment, the
sensor 320 is coupled along the top of the unit 100 adjacent the
door frame 315. The exemplary sensor 320 can be a humidity sensor,
a temperature sensor, or a dewpoint sensor, as shown in FIG. 3.
Alternatively, the sensor 320 represents more than one sensor
(including any one of or combination of the sensor types previously
stated) that are electrically and/or communicably coupled to the
controller 330.
[0035] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an example method 400 for providing
anti-sweat heating control with the dual circuit anti-sweat heater
control system of FIGS. 1-2B or 1A-B and 3, in accordance with one
exemplary embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1-4, the exemplary
method 400 begins at the START step and proceeds to step 405 where
a heater control system for a display case door/window is provided.
In one exemplary embodiment, the heater control system is the unit
100 and system 200 or 300 described in FIGS. 1-2B or 1A-B and 3. In
step 410, the primary heater circuit 105 is operated at a constant
power level. In one exemplary embodiment, the power level of the
primary heater circuit 105 is set to the lowest level that will
output an amount of heat along the small gauge wire of the circuit
105 to prevent condensation along the door/window frame and the
outer frame of the door/window during normal conditions, such as
those levels that are less than or less than or equal to the preset
levels discussed in step 420 below. For example, if the ambient
dewpoint temperature is normally 58 degrees Fahrenheit, the power
level or the amount of power provided to the primary heater circuit
105 will be adjusted to maintain the temperature along the
door/window frame and the outer frame of the door/window at a level
above 58 degrees Fahrenheit. The primary heater circuit 105 is not
typically intended to be sufficient when ambient conditions
dramatically differ from the normal level.
[0036] The ambient humidity level is received in step 415. In one
exemplary embodiment, the ambient humidity level is sensed by the
sensor 120 and can be transmitted, for example, to the controller
or relay 125. In this exemplary embodiment, the sensor 120 is a
humidity sensor or a combination sensor that include the ability to
detect humidity levels. In step 420, an inquiry is conducted to
determine if the ambient humidity level is greater than a preset
humidity level. For example, in situations where the sensor 120 or
relay 125 make the determination, the sensor 120 or relay 125 is
set with a preset humidity level. When the humidity level, as
sensed by the sensor 120, exceeds the preset humidity level, the
secondary heater circuit 110 will be activated for a preset amount
or percentage of time. In one exemplary embodiment, the preset
humidity level is fifty-five percent relative humidity.
Alternatively, the preset humidity level could be set anywhere
between 1-100 percent relative humidity. In an alternative
embodiment, the information from the sensor 120 can be sent to a
controller (such as a controller having the same features and
functionality as that described with regards to controller 330)
which determines if the ambient humidity level is greater than the
preset humidity level. While the exemplary embodiment describes
determining if the ambient humidity is greater than a preset
humidity level, alternatively the system can determine if the
ambient humidity is greater than or equal to the preset humidity
level.
[0037] If the ambient humidity level is less than, or less than or
equal to, the preset humidity level, then the NO branch is followed
back to step 415 to continue receiving ambient humidity level
readings from the humidity sensor 120. On the other hand, if the
ambient humidity level is greater than or greater than or equal to
the preset humidity level, then the YES branch is followed to step
425, where relay 125 closes and power is supplied to the secondary
heater circuit 110 for a predetermined amount or percentage of
time. In one exemplary embodiment, the controller can send a signal
to close the relay 125 based on the determination made in step 420.
In one exemplary embodiment, the amount or percentage of time that
the secondary heater circuit 110 is activated is dependent on the
current humidity level reading from the sensor. For example, if the
preset limit is fifty-five percent relative humidity and the
reading from the sensor 120 is fifty-six percent relative humidity,
the secondary heater circuit 110 is operated for forty percent of
the time going forward, such as by being on for two minutes and
then off for three minutes, or any other combination thereof to
satisfy the percentage of time setting. As the ambient humidity
level increases further above the preset humidity level, the
percentage of time that the secondary heater circuit 110 is on is
increased. For example the percentage of time that the secondary
heater circuit 110 is on based on the ambient humidity level
reading from the sensor 120 can follow the percentages shown in
Table 1 below.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Percentage of Time Ambient Humidity Level
Secondary Heater Circuit is On 0-55% 0% 56% 40% 57% 55% 58% 70% 59%
85% 60-100% 100%
[0038] Table 1, shown above is only one example of a preset
humidity limit, the ambient humidity levels and the amount that the
secondary heater circuit is operated based on the ambient humidity
levels and the preset humidity limit. While the exemplary
embodiment shown above provides for a linear increase in the
percentage of time that the secondary heater 110 is on, the
increase could be non-linear in alternative exemplary embodiments.
Further, the increase in percentage levels of on time could be
spread out over a greater amount of relative humidity such that
further step increases in percentage on time are realized. In
addition, the present humidity level for initial activation could
be set at a level that is greater than or less than the fifty-five
percent humidity level provided for in the exemplary embodiment. As
an additional option, in addition to or in the alternative to
operating the secondary heater circuit 110 as described above, the
operation of the primary heater circuit 105 can be adjusted such
that the primary heater circuit 105 can be turned on for the preset
amount of time, instead of being on all the time, depending on the
humidity level. This optional arrangement would provide additional
energy savings if needed or desired. In another alternative
embodiment, once activated, the secondary heater circuit 110
remains ON constantly until the humidity sensor 120 receives an
subsequent ambient humidity reading that is less than or less than
or equal to the preset humidity level.
[0039] In yet another alternative exemplary embodiment, instead of
varying the amount of time the secondary heater circuit is
activated based on the ambient humidity level, the voltage level
supplied to the secondary heater circuit can be varied based on the
ambient humidity level in a manner substantially similar to that
described in FIG. 10 below. For purposes of example, the ambient
humidity levels shown above in Table 1 can be substituted for the
dewpoint temperature levels provided in FIGS. 5-8 to show example
variations that can be provided in the voltage level of the
secondary heater circuit based on differing electrical systems.
[0040] In step 430, subsequent ambient humidity level readings can
be received by the circuit and/or the controller from the humidity
sensor 120. In step 435, an inquiry is conducted to determine if
the subsequent humidity level is greater than or greater than or
equal to the preset humidity level. As with step 420 above, the
determination can be made by the sensor 120, the relay 125 or the
controller (not shown). If the subsequent humidity level is greater
than or greater than or equal to the preset humidity level, the YES
branch is followed back to step 430 to continue receiving
subsequent humidity level readings from the sensor 120.
Alternatively, if the subsequent ambient humidity level reading is
less than or less than or equal to the preset humidity level, the
NO branch is followed to step 440. In step 440, the relay 125 opens
and the secondary heater circuit 110 is deactivated. In one
exemplary embodiment, the controller can send a signal to open the
relay 125 based on the determination made in step 435. In addition,
optionally, if adjustments to the operation of the primary heater
circuit 105 were made in a manner similar to that described in step
425, the primary heater circuit 105 can be adjusted to once again
operate in its original operational state (e.g., operating
constantly at a constant power level). The process then returns to
step 415 to receive the next ambient humidity level reading from
the humidity sensor 120.
[0041] While the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4 has been described
with reference to a humidity sensor and humidity levels, in an
alternative embodiment, the method of FIG. 4 could be modified to
activate and deactivate the secondary heater circuit 110 based on
surface temperature readings from a temperature sensor 120
positioned along an outer surface of the door frame 103 or other
surface being monitored and heated as compared to a preset
temperature. For example, if the surface temperature reading is
less than, or less than or equal to, the preset temperature the
secondary heater circuit 110 is not activated. On the other hand,
if the surface temperature reading is greater than, or greater than
or equal to, the preset temperature, then the relay 125 closes and
power is supplied to the secondary heater circuit 110 for a
predetermined amount or percentage of time in a manner
substantially similar to those described above for the humidity
sensor. In one exemplary embodiment, the amount or percentage of
time that the secondary heater circuit 110 is activated is
dependent on the amount that the surface temperature reading
received from the sensor 120 is above the present temperature
limit. For example, if the preset temperature limit is 58 degrees
Fahrenheit and the surface temperature reading from the sensor 120
is 59 degrees Fahrenheit, the secondary heater circuit 110 is
operated for forty percent of the time, such as by being on for two
minutes and then off for three minutes, or any other combination
thereof to satisfy the percentage on setting. As the surface
temperature increases further above the preset temperature limit,
the percentage of time that the secondary heater circuit 110 is on
is increased. For example the percentage of time that the secondary
heater circuit 110 is on based on the surface temperature reading
from the sensor 120 can follow the percentages shown in Table 2
below.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Percentage of Time Degrees Fahrenheit
Secondary Heater Circuit is On 0-58 0% 59 40% 60 55% 61 70% 62 85%
63 and above 100%
[0042] Table 2, provided above, is only one example of the set-up
for preset temperature limit, the actual surface temperature levels
and the amount that the secondary heater circuit is operated based
on the surface temperature and the preset temperature limit. While
the exemplary embodiment shown above in Table 2 provides for a
linear increase in the percentage of time that the secondary heater
circuit 110 is on, the increase could be non-linear in alternative
exemplary embodiments. Further, the increase in percentage levels
of on time could be spread out over a greater amount of surface
temperatures such that additional step increases in percentage on
time are realized. In addition, the preset temperature for initial
activation could be set at a level that is greater than or less
than the 59 degrees Fahrenheit provided for in the exemplary
embodiment. As an additional option, in addition to or in the
alternative to operating the secondary heater circuit 110 as
described above, the operation of the primary heater circuit 105
can be adjusted such that the primary heater circuit 105 can be
turned on for the preset amount of time, instead of being on all of
the time, depending on the sensed surface temperature. This
optional arrangement would provide additional energy savings if
needed or desired. In another alternative embodiment, once
activated, the secondary heater circuit 110 remains ON constantly
until the surface temperature sensor 120 receives a subsequent
ambient temperature reading that is less than, or less than or
equal to, the preset temperature limit.
[0043] In yet another alternative exemplary embodiment, instead of
varying the amount of time the secondary heater circuit is
activated based on the surface temperature level, the voltage level
supplied to the secondary heater circuit can be varied based on the
surface temperature level in a manner substantially similar to that
described in FIG. 10 below. For purposes of example, the
temperature levels shown above in Table 2 can be substituted for
the dewpoint temperature levels provided in FIGS. 5-8 to show
example variations that can be provided in the voltage level of the
secondary heater circuit of FIG. 4 based on differing electrical
systems.
[0044] FIG. 5 is a flowchart of another method for providing
anti-sweat heating control with the dual-circuit anti-sweat heater
control system of FIGS. 1-2B or 1A-B and 3, in accordance with one
exemplary embodiment. Now referring to FIGS. 1-3 and 5, the
exemplary method 500 begins at the START step and proceeds to step
505 where a heater control system for a display case door/window is
provided. In one exemplary embodiment, the heater control system is
the unit 100 and system 200 or 300 described in FIGS. 1-2B or 1A-B
and 3. In step 510, the primary heater circuit 105 is operated at a
constant power level. In one exemplary embodiment, the power level
of the primary heater circuit 105 is set to the lowest amount that
will output a level of heat along the small gauge wire of the
circuit 105 to prevent condensation along the door frame 103 and
the outer frame of the door 102 during normal conditions, such as
those levels that are less than or less than or equal to the preset
levels discussed in step 530 below. For example, if the ambient
dewpoint temperature is normally 58 degrees Fahrenheit, the power
level or the amount of power provided to the primary heater circuit
105 will be adjusted to maintain the temperature along the door
frame 103 and the outer frame of the door 102 at a level above 58
degrees Fahrenheit. The primary heater circuit 105 is not typically
intended to be sufficient when ambient conditions dramatically
differ from the normal level.
[0045] The ambient humidity level is received in step 515. In one
exemplary embodiment, the ambient humidity level is sensed by the
sensor 120 and can be transmitted, for example, to the controller
or relay 125. In this exemplary embodiment, the sensor 120 is a
dewpoint sensor that is capable of sensing both ambient humidity
and temperature levels. An ambient temperature level is received
from the sensor 120 at, for example, the controller, in step 520.
While the exemplary embodiment describes both the ambient
temperature and humidity levels being sensed by a single sensor
120, alternatively two separate sensors may be used, one for
temperature and one for humidity and the dewpoint temperature can
be determined either by one of those two sensors or by a controller
(not shown) electrically and/or communicably coupled to the
sensor(s) 120. In step 525, the dewpoint temperature is calculated
based on the received ambient humidity level and the received
ambient temperature. In one exemplary embodiment, the dewpoint
temperature is calculated by the dewpoint sensor 120. In an
alternative embodiment, the dewpoint temperature is calculated by
the controller.
[0046] In step 525 an inquiry is conducted to determine if the
calculated dewpoint temperature is greater than, or greater than or
equal to, the preset dewpoint temperature. For example, in
situations where the sensor 120 or relay 125 make the
determination, the sensor 120 and/or relay 125, is set with a
preset dewpoint temperature. When the dewpoint temperature, as
calculated by the sensor 120, exceeds the preset dewpoint
temperature, the secondary heater circuit 110 will be activated for
a preset amount or percentage of time. In one exemplary embodiment,
the preset dewpoint temperature is 58 degrees Fahrenheit.
Alternatively, the preset dewpoint temperature could be set
anywhere between 40-80 degrees Fahrenheit. In an alternative
embodiment, the information from the sensor 120 can be sent to a
controller which determines if the calculated dewpoint temperature
is greater than, or greater than or equal to, the preset dewpoint
temperature.
[0047] If the calculated dewpoint temperature is less than, or less
than or equal to, the preset dewpoint temperature, the NO branch is
followed back to step 515 to continue receiving ambient humidity
and temperature level readings from the dewpoint sensor 120. On the
other hand, if the calculated dewpoint temperature is greater than
or greater than or equal to the preset dewpoint temperature, the
YES branch is followed to step 535, where relay 125 closes and
power is supplied to the secondary heater circuit 110 for a
predetermined amount or percentage of time. In one exemplary
embodiment, the controller can send a signal to close the relay 125
based on the determination made in step 530. In one exemplary
embodiment, the amount or percentage of time that the secondary
heater circuit 110 is activated is dependent on the calculated
dewpoint temperature from the sensor 120. For example, if the
preset dewpoint temperature is 58 degrees Fahrenheit and the
calculated dewpoint temperature is 59 degrees Fahrenheit, the
secondary heater circuit 110 is operated for forty percent of the
time going forward, such as by being on for two minutes and then
off for three minutes, or any other combination thereof to satisfy
the percentage of time setting. As the calculated dewpoint
temperature increases further above the preset dewpoint
temperature, the percentage of time that the secondary heater
circuit 110 is on is increased. For example the percentage of time
that the secondary heater circuit 110 is on based on the calculated
dewpoint temperature can follow the percentages shown in Table 3
below.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Calculated Percentage of Time Secondary
Dewpoint Temp. (.degree. F.) Heater Circuit is On 0-58 0% 59 40% 60
55% 61 70% 62 85% 63 and above 100%
[0048] Table 3, provided above, is only one example of a preset
dewpoint temperature limit, the calculated dewpoint temperature
levels and the amount that the secondary heater circuit 110 is
operated based on the calculated dewpoint temperature and the
preset dewpoint temperature limit. While the exemplary embodiment
shown above provides for a linear increase in the percentage of
time that the secondary heater is on, the increase could be
non-linear in alternative exemplary embodiments. Further, the
increase in percentage levels of on time could be spread out over a
greater amount of dewpoint temperatures such that further step
increases in percentage on time are realized. In addition, the
dewpoint temperature for initial activation could be set at a level
that is greater than or less than 58 degrees Fahrenheit provided
for in the exemplary embodiment. As an additional option, in
addition to or in the alternative to operating the secondary heater
circuit 110 as described above, the operation of the primary heater
circuit 105 can be adjusted such that the primary heater circuit
105 can be turned on for the preset amount of time, instead of
being on all of the time, depending on the dewpoint temperature.
This optional arrangement would provide additional energy savings
if needed or desired. In another alternative embodiment, once
activated, the secondary heater circuit 110 remains ON constantly
until the calculated dewpoint temperature subsequently determined
is less than, or less than or equal to, the preset dewpoint
temperature.
[0049] In yet another alternative exemplary embodiment, instead of
varying the amount of time the secondary heater circuit is
activated based on the calculated dewpoint temperature, the voltage
level supplied to the secondary heater circuit can be varied based
on the calculated dewpoint temperature in a manner substantially
similar to that described in FIG. 10 below. For purposes of
example, the calculated dewpoint temperatures shown above in Table
3 can be substituted for the calculated dewpoint temperatures
provided in FIGS. 5-8 to show example variations that can be
provided in the voltage level of the secondary heater circuit of
FIG. 5 based on differing electrical systems.
[0050] In step 540, subsequent ambient humidity level and
temperature readings are received at the dewpoint sensor 120 and
subsequent ambient dewpoint temperatures are calculated, for
example either at the sensor 120 or the controller (not shown). In
step 545, an inquiry is conducted to determine if the subsequent
dewpoint temperature is greater than, or greater than or equal to,
the preset dewpoint temperature. As with step 530 above, the
determination can be made by the sensor 120, the relay 125 or a
controller (not shown). If the subsequent dewpoint temperature is
greater than, or greater than or equal to, the preset dewpoint
temperature, the YES branch is followed back to step 540 to
continue receiving subsequent humidity level and temperature
readings from the sensor 120 and calculating subsequent dewpoint
temperatures. Alternatively, if the subsequent ambient dewpoint
temperature calculation is less than or less than or equal to the
preset dewpoint temperature, the NO branch is followed to step 550.
In step 550, the relay 125 opens and the secondary heater circuit
110 is deactivated. In one exemplary embodiment, the controller can
send a signal to open the relay 125 based on the determination made
in step 545. In addition, optionally, if adjustments to the
operation of the primary heater circuit 105 were made in a manner
similar to that described in step 535, the primary heater circuit
105 can be adjusted to once again operate in its original
operational state (e.g., operating constantly at a constant power
level). The process then returns to step 515 to receive the next
ambient humidity level reading from the sensor 120.
[0051] FIG. 6 is a flowchart of another method for providing
anti-sweat heating control with the dual-circuit anti-sweat heater
control system of FIGS. 1-2B or 1A-B and 3, in accordance with one
exemplary embodiment. Now referring to FIGS. 1-2B and 6 or 1A-B, 3
and 6, the exemplary method 600 begins at the START step and
proceeds to step 605 where a heater control system for a display
case door/window is provided. In one exemplary embodiment, the
heater control system is the unit 100 and system 200 or 300
described in FIGS. 1-2B or 1A-B and 3. In step 610, the primary
heater circuit 105 is operated at a constant power level. In one
exemplary embodiment, the power level of the primary heater circuit
105 is set to the lowest amount that will output a level of heat
along the small gauge wire of the circuit 105 to prevent
condensation along the door frame 103 and the outer frame of the
door 102 during normal conditions, such as those levels that are
less than or less than or equal to the present levels discussed in
step 620 below. For example, if the ambient dewpoint temperature is
normally 58 degrees Fahrenheit, the power level or the amount of
power provided to the primary heater circuit 105 will be adjusted
to maintain the temperature along the door frame 103 and the outer
frame of the door 102 at a level above 58 degrees Fahrenheit. The
primary heater circuit 105 is not typically intended to be
sufficient when ambient conditions dramatically differ from the
normal level or variations in conditions from time-to-time.
[0052] The ambient humidity level is received in step 615. In one
exemplary embodiment, the ambient humidity level is sensed by the
sensor 120 and can be transmitted to, for example, a controller or
relay 125. In this exemplary embodiment, the sensor 120 is a
humidity sensor. In step 620, an inquiry is conducted to determine
if the ambient humidity level is greater than, or greater than or
equal to, a preset humidity level. For example, in situations where
the sensor 120 or relay 125 make the determination, the sensor 120
or relay 125 can be set with a preset humidity level. When the
humidity level, as sensed by the sensor 120, exceeds or equals
(depending upon how it is set up) the preset humidity level, the
secondary heater circuit 110 will be activated for a preset amount
or percentage of time similar to that described in FIG. 4. In an
alternative embodiment, the information from the sensor 120 can be
sent to a controller (not shown) which determines if the ambient
humidity level is greater than, or great than or equal to, the
preset humidity level.
[0053] If the ambient humidity level is less than, or less than or
equal to, the preset humidity level, the NO branch is followed to
step 625. In step 625, an inquiry is conduct to determine if the
ambient humidity level is less than, or less than or equal to a
second preset humidity level. There may be situations where the
ambient humidity level, temperature, or calculated dewpoint
temperature are so low that it is not even necessary to operate the
primary heater circuit 105 because the risk of condensation is
small or non-existent. In one exemplary, the second preset humidity
level is 0-30% relative humidity. Alternatively, the second preset
humidity level could be anywhere between 0-40% relative humidity.
As with step 620, the determination can be made by the sensor 120,
the relay 125, or a controller (not shown). If the ambient humidity
level is not less than, or less than or equal to, the second
present humidity level, the NO branch is followed back to step 610
to continue operation of the primary heater circuit 105 at the
constant power level. On the other hand, if the ambient humidity
level is less than, or less than or equal to, the second preset
humidity level, the YES branch is followed to step 630, where the
primary heater circuit 105 is deactivated. While not shown in FIGS.
2A-B, a relay could also be electrically coupled between the sensor
120 and the primary heater circuit 105 or between a different
sensor and the primary heater circuit 105 to activate and
deactivate the primary heater circuit 105. The process then returns
to step 615 to continue to receive ambient humidity level
readings.
[0054] Returning to step 620, if the ambient humidity level is
greater than, or greater than or equal to, the present humidity
level, the YES branch is followed to step 635, where relay 125
closes and power is supplied to the secondary heater circuit 110
for a predetermined amount or percentage of time similar to the
manner and options described in FIG. 4 above. As an additional
option, in addition to or in the alternative to operating the
secondary heater circuit 110 as described above, the operation of
the primary heater circuit 105 can be adjusted such that the
primary heater circuit 105 can be turned on for the preset amount
of time, instead of being on all of the time, depending on the
humidity level. This optional arrangement would provide additional
energy savings if needed or desired. In an alternative exemplary
embodiment, instead of varying the amount of time the secondary
heater circuit 110 is activated based on the ambient humidity
level, the voltage level supplied to the secondary heater circuit
can be varied based on the ambient humidity level in a manner
substantially similar to that described in FIG. 10 below. For
purposes of example, the ambient humidity levels shown above in
Table 2 described above with reference to FIG. 4 can be substituted
for the dewpoint temperature levels provided in FIGS. 5-8 to show
example variations that can be provided in the voltage level of the
secondary heater circuit of FIG. 6 based on differing electrical
systems.
[0055] In one exemplary embodiment, the controller can send a
signal to close the relay 125 based on the determination made in
step 620. In step 640, subsequent ambient humidity level readings
are received by the humidity sensor 120. In step 645, an inquiry is
conducted to determine if the subsequent humidity level is greater
than, or greater than or equal to, the preset humidity level. As
with step 620 above, the determination can be made by the sensor
120, the relay 125, or a controller (not shown). If the subsequent
humidity level is greater than, or greater than or equal to, the
preset humidity level, the YES branch is followed back to step 640
to continue receiving subsequent humidity level readings at the
sensor 120. Alternatively, if the subsequent ambient humidity level
reading is less than, or less than or equal to, the preset humidity
level, the NO branch is followed to step 650. In step 650, the
relay 125 opens and the secondary heater circuit 110 is
deactivated. In one exemplary embodiment, the controller can send a
signal to open the relay 125 based on the determination made in
step 645. In addition, optionally, if adjustments to the operation
of the primary heater circuit 105 were made in a manner similar to
that described in step 635, the primary heater circuit 105 can be
adjusted to once again operate in its original operational state
(e.g., operating constantly at a constant power level). The process
then returns to step 615 to receive the next ambient humidity level
reading at the humidity sensor 120.
[0056] While the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 6 has been described
with reference to a humidity sensor and humidity levels, in an
alternative embodiment, the method of FIG. 6 could be modified to
activate and deactivate the primary 105 and secondary 110 heater
circuits based on ambient temperature readings from a temperature
sensor 120 as compared to a preset temperature similar to that
described in FIG. 4 or based on calculated dewpoint temperature as
compared to a preset dewpoint temperature similar to that described
in FIG. 5. In one exemplary embodiment, the second preset
temperature could be between 0-40 degrees Fahrenheit, while the
second preset dewpoint temperature could be between 32-50 degrees
Fahrenheit.
[0057] FIG. 7 is a flowchart of another method for providing
anti-sweat heating control with the dual-circuit anti-sweat heater
control system of FIGS. 1-2B or 1A-B and 3, in accordance with one
exemplary embodiment. Now referring to FIGS. 1-2B and 7 or 1A-B, 3,
and 7, the exemplary method 700 begins at the START step and
proceeds to step 705 where a heater control system for a display
case door/window is provided. In one exemplary embodiment, the
heater control system is the unit 100 described in FIGS. 1A-B
employing the circuit system 300 of FIG. 3 or the system 200 of
FIGS. 2A-B. In step 710, the primary heater circuit 105 is operated
at a constant power level. Step 710 is optional and is employed if
there are two heating circuits in the system. In one exemplary
embodiment, the power level of the primary heater circuit 105 is
set to the lowest amount that will output a level of heat along the
small gauge wire of the circuit 105 to prevent condensation along
the door frame 103 and the outer frame of the door 102 during
normal conditions. For example, if the ambient dewpoint temperature
is normally 58 degrees Fahrenheit, the power level or the amount of
power provided to the primary heater circuit 105 will be adjusted
to maintain the temperature along the door frame 103 and the outer
frame of the door 102 at a level above 58 degrees Fahrenheit. The
primary heater circuit 105 is not typically intended to be
sufficient when ambient conditions dramatically differ from the
normal level or variations in conditions from time-to-time.
[0058] Surface temperature readings are received from one or
multiple temperature sensors 335 and transmitted to the controller
330 in step 715. In one exemplary embodiment, each temperature
sensor 335 transmits the sensed temperature readings to the
controller 330 via one or more temperature sensor contacts 340. In
one exemplary embodiment, three separate temperature sensors are
positioned along an outer surface of the door frame 103.
Alternatively greater or fewer numbers of temperature sensors may
be used in step 715. In step 720, the controller 330 evaluates the
readings from the multiple temperature sensors 335 and determines
the lowest received surface temperature reading received in that
iteration from the temperature sensors 335.
[0059] The ambient humidity level is received at the controller 330
in step 725 from the sensor 320. In this exemplary embodiment, the
sensor 320 is a dewpoint sensor. An ambient temperature level is
received by the controller 330 from the sensor 320 in step 730.
While the exemplary embodiment describes both the ambient
temperature and humidity levels being sensed by a single sensor
320, alternatively two separate sensors may be used, one for
temperature and one for humidity and the dewpoint temperature can
be determined either by one of those two sensors or by the
controller 330. In step 735, the dewpoint temperature is calculated
based on the received ambient humidity level and the received
ambient temperature. In one exemplary embodiment, the dewpoint
temperature is calculated by the dewpoint sensor 320 and
transmitted to the controller 330. Alternatively, the dewpoint
temperature is calculated by the controller 330. In step 740, the
controller 330 compares the lowest surface temperature reading to
the calculated dewpoint temperature.
[0060] In step 745 an inquiry is conducted to determine if the
lowest surface temperature reading is less than, or less than or
equal to, the calculated dewpoint temperature. For example, when
the lowest surface temperature reading is less than, or less than
or equal to the calculated dewpoint temperature, the heater circuit
310 will be activated for a preset amount or percentage of time
similar to that described in FIG. 5.
[0061] If the lowest surface temperature reading is greater than,
or greater than or equal to, the calculated dewpoint temperature,
the NO branch is followed back to step 715 to continue receiving
surface temperature readings from the one or multiple sensors 335.
On the other hand, if the lowest surface temperature reading is
less than, or less than or equal to, the calculated dewpoint
temperature, the YES branch is followed to step 750, where relay
325 closes and power is supplied to the heater circuit 310 for a
predetermined amount or percentage of time. In one exemplary
embodiment, the controller can send a signal to close the relay 125
based on the determination made in step 745. In one exemplary
embodiment, the amount or percentage of time that the heater
circuit 310 is activated is dependent on the amount of difference
between the lowest surface temperature reading from the sensors 335
and the calculated dewpoint temperature. For example the percentage
of time that the heater circuit 310 is on can be similar to that
shown in Table 4 below.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Difference Between Temperature Percentage of
Sensor and Calculated Dewpoint Time Secondary Temperature (in
.degree. F.) Heater Circuit is On 0 0% 1 40% 2 55% 3 70% 4 85% 5
and above 100%
[0062] Table 4, provided above, is only one example. While the
exemplary embodiment shown above provides for a linear increase in
the percentage of time that the heater circuit 310 is on, the
increase could be non-linear in alternative exemplary embodiments.
Further, the increase in percentage levels of on time could be
spread out over a greater amount of differences between the surface
temperature sensor(s) 335 and the calculated dewpoint temperature
such that further step increases in percentage on time are
realized. In addition, the initial difference for initial
activation of the heater circuit 310 could be set at a level that
is greater than or less than 1 degree Fahrenheit of difference
provided for in the exemplary embodiment. As an additional option,
in addition to or in the alternative to operating the secondary
heater circuit 110 as described above, the operation of the primary
heater circuit 105 can be adjusted such that the primary heater
circuit 105 can be turned on for the preset amount of time, instead
of being on all of the time, depending on the dewpoint temperature.
This optional arrangement would provide additional energy savings
if needed or desired. In another alternative embodiment, once
activated, the heater circuit 310 remains ON constantly until the
difference is subsequently determined is less than, or less than or
equal to, one.
[0063] In yet another alternative exemplary embodiment, instead of
varying the amount of time the heater circuit 310 is activated
based on the temperature difference, the voltage level supplied to
the heater circuit 310 can be varied based on the temperature
difference in a manner substantially similar to that described in
FIG. 10 below. For purposes of example, the temperature differences
shown above in Table 4 can be substituted for the calculated
dewpoint temperatures provided in FIGS. 5-8 to show example
variations that can be provided in the voltage level of the heater
circuit 310 of FIG. 7 based on differing electrical systems.
[0064] Subsequent surface temperature readings are received from
the sensors 335 and transmitted to the controller 330 in step 755.
In step 760, the controller 330 determines the lowest surface
temperature of the subsequently received surface temperature
readings. In step 765, the controller 330 calculates a subsequent
dewpoint temperature based on subsequent humidity and temperature
readings received from the sensor 320 and transmitted to the
controller 330. The controller 330 compares the subsequent lowest
surface temperature reading to the subsequent dewpoint temperature
in step 770. In step 775, an inquiry is conducted to determine if
the lowest subsequent surface temperature reading is less than, or
less than or equal to, the subsequent dewpoint temperature. If so,
the YES branch is followed back up to step 755 to continue
receiving subsequent surface temperature readings from the
temperature sensors 335. Otherwise, the NO branch is followed to
step 780, where the controller 330 transmits a signal to open the
relay 325 and deactivate the heater circuit 310. In addition,
optionally, if adjustments to the operation of the primary heater
circuit 105 were made in a manner similar to that described in step
750, the primary heater circuit 105 can be adjusted to once again
operate in its original operational state (e.g., operating
constantly at a constant power level). The process then continues
to step 715 to continue receiving surface temperature readings from
the one or more temperature sensors 335.
[0065] During any of the steps provided in FIG. 7, the surface
temperatures, the calculated dewpoints and the time (either by
percentage, total amount) that the circuit 310 is activated can be
recorded and stored in the data storage device 345. In addition,
while the controller 330 is operating, information that is
currently being received by the controller 300 and/or data stored
in the data storage device 345 can be wirelessly or wire
transmitted to another device, such as another computer by way of
the remote monitoring device 355.
[0066] The methods shown and described in FIGS. 4-7 may be carried
out or performed in any suitable order as desired in various
alternative exemplary embodiments. Additionally, in certain
exemplary embodiments, at least a portion of the steps may be
carried out in parallel. Furthermore, in certain exemplary
embodiments, one or more steps may be omitted.
[0067] Accordingly, the exemplary embodiments described herein
provide the technical effects of creating a system, method, and
apparatus that provides real-time, single or dual-circuit
anti-sweat control for refrigerated display cases. Various block
and/or flow diagrams of systems, methods, apparatus, and/or
computer program products according to exemplary embodiments are
described above. It will be understood that one or more elements of
the schematic diagrams or steps in the flowcharts can be
implemented by computer-executable program instructions. Likewise,
some elements of the schematic diagrams and steps of the flowchart
diagrams may not necessarily need to be performed in the order
presented, or may not necessarily need to be performed at all,
according to certain alternative embodiments.
[0068] These computer-executable program instructions may be loaded
onto a special purpose computer or other particular machine, a
processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such as
the controller, to produce a particular machine, such that the
instructions that execute on the computer, processor, or other
programmable data processing apparatus create means for
implementing one or more functions specified in the flowcharts.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a
computer-readable memory, such as the data storage device 345 on or
communicably coupled to the controller, that can direct a computer
or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a
particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the
computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture
including instruction means that implement one or more functions
specified in the flow diagram block or blocks. As an example,
embodiments of the invention may provide for a computer program
product, comprising a computer usable medium having a computer
readable program code or program instructions embodied therein,
said computer readable program code adapted to be executed to
implement one or more functions specified in the flowcharts of
FIGS. 4-7. The computer program instructions may also be loaded
onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus,
such as the controller, to cause a series of operational elements
or steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable
apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the
instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable
apparatus provide elements or steps for implementing the functions
specified in the steps of FIGS. 4-7.
[0069] FIGS. 8 and 9 are perspective view of two additional example
refrigerated display units configured to include the dual-circuit
or single circuit anti-sweat heater control system 200, 300 and/or
a smart controller system 200, 300 and capable of controlling
condensation using the exemplary methods described in FIGS. 4-7 in
accordance with one exemplary embodiment. Referring now to FIG. 8,
the exemplary refrigerated display unit 800 can include a casing
815 which includes multiple side walls 820 and a bottom wall or
floor (not shown). The exemplary display unit 800 can have an
opening 825 along the top defined by the side walls 820 for
providing access into the casing or cavity 830 of the unit 800.
Further, the side walls 820 and the bottom wall can define one or
more cavities 830 for storing products within the unit 800 for
access through the top opening 825. The unit 800 can also include
one or more cooling units (not shown) for cooling the cavity area
830.
[0070] The side walls 820 can include one or more transparent
panels 835. One or more of the transparent panels 835 can also
include or be attached to a metallic frame 805, 810. The metallic
frame 805, 810 can be made of a metallic material, such as steel or
aluminum. The metallic frame 805, 810 itself, or an area about the
transparent material, such as glass or transparent plastic can
include a primary heater circuit and/or a secondary heater circuit
as shown and described in FIGS. 2A-B and 3 to transfer heat or to
heat up the metallic frame 805, 810 or transparent side walls 835
to limit or prevent condensation by way of thermal conduction.
[0071] Similarly, FIG. 9 presents another refrigerated display unit
900 or a portion of the display unit that can be used in
conjunction with the unit 800 of FIG. 8 in accordance with one
exemplary embodiment. Referring now to FIG. 9, the exemplary unit
900 can include a casing which includes multiple side walls 915 and
a bottom wall or floor 910. The exemplary display unit 900 can have
an opening 920 along the top defined by the side walls for
providing access into the casing or cavity of the unit 900.
Further, the side walls and the bottom wall can define one or more
cavities for storing products within the unit 900 for access
through the top opening 920. The unit 900 can also include one or
more cooling units 925 for cooling the cavity area and a metallic
area 905 disposed near the cooling unit and providing or acting as
part of one of the side walls or the top of one of the side walls.
This large metallic area 905 can be a source of condensation if not
properly controlled. The metallic area 905 can include a primary
heater circuit and/or a secondary heater circuit as shown and
described in FIGS. 2A-B and 3 to transfer heat or to heat up the
metallic area 905 to limit or prevent condensation by way of
thermal conduction.
[0072] FIG. 10 is a flowchart of another method for providing
anti-sweat heating control with the dual-circuit anti-sweat heater
control system of FIGS. 1-2B or 1A-B and 3, or through the use of a
single-circuit anti-sweat heater control system in accordance with
one exemplary embodiment. Now referring to FIGS. 1-3 and 10, the
exemplary method 1000 begins at the START step and proceeds to step
1005 where a heater control system for a display case door/window
is provided. In one exemplary embodiment, the heater control system
is the unit 100 and system 200 or 300 described in FIGS. 1-2B or
1A-B and 3. In step 1010, the primary heater circuit 105, if a dual
heater circuit system is being employed, is operated at a constant
power level. In one exemplary embodiment, the power level of the
primary heater circuit 105 is set to the lowest amount that will
output a level of heat along the small gauge wire of the circuit
105 to prevent condensation along the door frame 103 and the outer
frame of the door 102 during normal conditions, such as those
levels that are less than or less than or equal to the preset
levels discussed in step 1030 below. For example, if the ambient
dewpoint temperature is normally 58 degrees Fahrenheit, the power
level or the amount of power provided to the primary heater circuit
105 will be adjusted to maintain the temperature along the door
frame 103 and the outer frame of the door 102 at a level above 58
degrees Fahrenheit. The primary heater circuit 105 is not typically
intended to be sufficient when ambient conditions dramatically
differ from the normal level.
[0073] The ambient humidity level is received in step 1015. In one
exemplary embodiment, the ambient humidity level is sensed by the
sensor 120 and can be transmitted, for example, to the controller
or relay 125. In this exemplary embodiment, the sensor 120 is a
dewpoint sensor that is capable of sensing both ambient humidity
and temperature levels. An ambient temperature level is received
from the sensor 120 at, for example, the controller, in step 1020.
While the exemplary embodiment describes both the ambient
temperature and humidity levels being sensed by a single sensor
120, alternatively two separate sensors may be used, one for
temperature and one for humidity and the dewpoint temperature can
be determined either by one of those two sensors or by a controller
(not shown) electrically and/or communicably coupled to the
sensor(s) 120. In step 1025, the dewpoint temperature is calculated
based on the received ambient humidity level and the received
ambient temperature. In one exemplary embodiment, the dewpoint
temperature is calculated by the dewpoint sensor 120. In an
alternative embodiment, the dewpoint temperature is calculated by
the controller.
[0074] In step 1030 an inquiry is conducted to determine if the
calculated dewpoint temperature is greater than, or greater than or
equal to, the preset dewpoint temperature. For example, in
situations where the sensor 120 or relay 125 make the
determination, the sensor 120 and/or relay 125, is set with a
preset dewpoint temperature. When the dewpoint temperature, as
calculated by the sensor 120, exceeds the preset dewpoint
temperature, the secondary heater circuit 110 will be activated at
one of a set of preset stepped voltage levels, which can be at a
series of steps below the full voltage level for the circuit. In
one exemplary embodiment, the preset dewpoint temperature is 58
degrees Fahrenheit. Alternatively, the preset dewpoint temperature
could be set anywhere between 40-80 degrees Fahrenheit. In an
alternative embodiment, the information from the sensor 120 can be
sent to a controller which determines if the calculated dewpoint
temperature is greater than, or greater than or equal to, the
preset dewpoint temperature.
[0075] If the calculated dewpoint temperature is less than, or less
than or equal to, the preset dewpoint temperature, the NO branch is
followed back to step 1015 to continue receiving ambient humidity
and temperature level readings from the dewpoint, or other, sensor
120. On the other hand, if the calculated dewpoint temperature is
greater than or greater than or equal to the preset dewpoint
temperature, the YES branch is followed to step 1040, where a
determination is made as to the voltage level setting for the
secondary heater based at least upon the amount that the dewpoint
temperature is above the preset dewpoint temperature. For example,
the system, (i.e. the relay or controller) can be set up with a
series or preset stepped voltage levels that would be
applied/supplied to the secondary heater circuit 110 (or the
primary heater circuit in a single heater circuit arrangement)
based on the calculated dewpoint temperature. In one exemplary
embodiment, the determination as to the amount of voltage supplied
to or driving the secondary heater circuit 110 is dependent on the
calculated dewpoint temperature from the sensor 120. For example,
if the preset dewpoint temperature is 58 degrees Fahrenheit and the
calculated dewpoint temperature is 59 degrees Fahrenheit, the
controller can determine that the secondary heater circuit 110 is
to be supplied with 50 Volts of electricity. As the calculated
dewpoint temperature increases further above the preset dewpoint
temperature, the controller may determine, based on preset values
or percentages, to increase the voltage level to be supplied to the
secondary heater circuit 110. For example the controller's
determination as to the voltage level to be supplied to the
secondary heater circuit 110 based on the calculated dewpoint
temperature can follow the voltage levels shown in Table 5
below.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Calculated Dewpoint Percentage of Time
Secondary Temp. (.degree. F.) Heater Circuit is On 0-58 0 Volts 59
50 Volts 60 70 Volts 61 95 Volts 62 105 Volts 63 and above 120
Volts
[0076] Table 5, provided above, is only one example of a preset
dewpoint temperature limit, the calculated dewpoint temperature
levels and the voltage levels provided to the secondary heater
circuit 110 based on the calculated dewpoint temperature and the
preset dewpoint temperature limit. While the exemplary embodiment
shown above provides for a generally linear increase in the amount
of voltage provided to drive the secondary heater circuit, the
increase could be non-linear in alternative exemplary embodiments.
Further, the increase in voltage levels could be spread out over a
greater amount of dewpoint temperatures such that further step
increases in voltage levels are realized. In addition, the dewpoint
temperature for initial activation could be set at a level that is
greater than or less than 58 degrees Fahrenheit provided for in the
exemplary embodiment. Furthermore, while the exemplary table
presented above is based on an electrical system where 120 volts is
the full voltage level, the exemplary system and method can be
modified to work with other types of electrical systems as well,
where full voltage level is other than 120 volts. This includes
systems where the full voltage level is 230 volts, 240 volts and/or
400 volts. Examples tables for each might look like that provided
below in Tables 6-8.
230 Volt Electrical System
TABLE-US-00006 [0077] TABLE 6 Calculated Percentage of Time
Dewpoint Temp. (.degree. F.) Secondary Heater Circuit is On 0-58 0
Volts 59 110 Volts 60 140 Volts 61 170 Volts 62 200 Volts 63 and
above 230 Volts
240 Volt Electrical System
TABLE-US-00007 [0078] TABLE 7 Calculated Percentage of Time
Dewpoint Temp. (.degree. F.) Secondary Heater Circuit is On 0-58 0
Volts 59 120 Volts 60 150 Volts 61 180 Volts 62 210 Volts 63 and
above 240 Volts
400 Volt Electrical System
TABLE-US-00008 [0079] TABLE 8 Calculated Percentage of Time
Dewpoint Temp. (.degree. F.) Secondary Heater Circuit is On 0-58 0
Volts 59 200 Volts 60 250 Volts 61 300 Volts 62 350 Volts 63 and
above 400 Volts
[0080] As an additional option, in addition to or in the
alternative to operating the secondary heater circuit 110 as
described above, the operation of the primary heater circuit 105
can be adjusted such that the voltage level of the primary heater
circuit 105 can be adjusted, instead of being on at full voltage
level all of the time, depending on the dewpoint temperature. This
optional arrangement would provide additional energy savings if
needed or desired. In step 1045, the secondary heater circuit 110
(or the primary heater circuit in a single heater circuit
embodiment) is supplied with the amount of voltage corresponding
with the preset voltage level setting based on the calculated
dewpoint temperature or the amount that the calculated dewpoint
temperature is above the preset dewpoint temperature. For example,
relay 125 closes and power is supplied to the secondary heater
circuit 110 at one of a set of preset stepped voltage levels, like
those shown in Table 5. In one exemplary embodiment, the controller
can send a signal to close the relay 125 and provide the secondary
heater circuit with the amount of voltage corresponding to the
preset voltage level setting based on the determination made in
step 1040. In the exemplary embodiment provided above, once
activated, the secondary heater circuit 110 remains ON constantly
at the particular preset voltage level until the calculated
dewpoint temperature subsequently determined is less than, or less
than or equal to, the preset dewpoint temperature or the calculated
dewpoint temperature changes to one that is greater than or greater
than or equal to the preset dewpoint temperature but is different
than that of the current calculated dewpoint temperature.
[0081] In step 1050, subsequent ambient humidity level readings are
received at the sensor 120. Subsequent ambient temperature level
readings are received at the sensor 120 in step 1055. In step 1060,
a subsequent dewpoint temperature is calculated, for example either
at the sensor 120 or the controller (not shown), based on the
subsequent ambient humidity and temperature level readings received
in steps 1050 and 1055, in a manner substantially the same as that
discussed with regard to step 1025. In step 1065, an inquiry is
conducted to determine if the subsequent calculated dewpoint
temperature is greater than, or greater than or equal to, the
preset dewpoint temperature. As with step 1030 above, the
determination can be made by the sensor 120, the relay 125 or a
controller (not shown). If the subsequent calculated dewpoint
temperature is greater than, or greater than or equal to, the
preset dewpoint temperature, the YES branch is followed back to
step 1040 to continue determining the amount of voltage to provide
to the secondary heater circuit and to continue receiving
subsequent humidity level and temperature readings from the sensor
120 and calculating subsequent dewpoint temperatures.
Alternatively, if the subsequent calculated dewpoint temperature is
less than or less than or equal to the preset dewpoint temperature,
the NO branch is followed to step 1070. In step 1070, the relay 125
opens and the secondary heater circuit 110 is deactivated. In one
exemplary embodiment, the controller can send a signal to open the
relay 125 based on the determination made in step 1065. In
addition, optionally, if adjustments to the operation of the
primary heater circuit 105 were made in a manner similar to that
described in step 1045, the primary heater circuit 105 can be
adjusted to once again operate in its original operational state
(e.g., operating constantly at a constant full voltage level or
could alternatively remain at the reduced voltage level). The
process then returns to step 1015 to receive the next ambient
humidity level reading from the sensor 120.
[0082] Although example embodiments of the disclosure have been
described, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that
numerous other modifications and alternative embodiments are within
the scope of the disclosure. For example, any of the functionality
and/or processing capabilities described with respect to a
particular device or component may be performed by any other device
or component. Furthermore, while various example implementations
and architectures have been described in accordance with example
embodiments of the disclosure, one of ordinary skill in the art
will appreciate that numerous other modifications to the example
implementations and architectures described herein are also within
the scope of this disclosure. Certain aspects of the disclosure are
described above with reference to block and flow diagrams of
systems, methods, apparatuses, and/or computer program products
according to example embodiments. It will be understood that one or
more blocks of the block diagrams and steps of the flow diagrams,
and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and steps of the
flow diagrams, respectively, may be implemented by execution of
computer-executable program instructions. Likewise, some blocks of
the block diagrams and steps of the flow diagrams may not
necessarily need to be performed in the order presented, or may not
necessarily need to be performed at all, according to some
embodiments. Further, additional components and/or operations
beyond those depicted in blocks of the block and/or steps of the
flow diagrams may be present in certain embodiments.
[0083] Accordingly, blocks of the block diagrams and steps of the
flow diagrams support combinations of means for performing the
specified functions, combinations of elements or steps for
performing the specified functions and program instruction means
for performing the specified functions. It will also be understood
that each block of the block diagrams and step of the flow
diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and
steps of the flow diagrams, may be implemented by controllers or
special-purpose, hardware-based computer systems that perform the
specified functions, elements or steps, or combinations of
special-purpose hardware and computer instructions.
[0084] Computer-executable program instructions may be loaded onto
a controller or other special-purpose computer or other particular
machine, a processor, or other programmable data processing
apparatus to produce a particular machine, such that execution of
the instructions on the computer, processor, or other programmable
data processing apparatus causes one or more functions or steps
specified in the flow diagrams to be performed. These computer
program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable
storage medium (CRSM) that upon execution may direct a computer or
other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a
particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the
computer-readable storage medium implement one or more functions or
steps specified in the flow diagrams. The computer program
instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other
programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of
operational elements or steps to be performed on the computer or
other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented
process.
[0085] Additional types of CRSM that may be present in any of the
devices described herein may include, but are not limited to,
programmable random access memory (PRAM), SRAM, DRAM, RAM, ROM,
electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash
memory or other memory technology, compact disc read-only memory
(CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage,
magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other
magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to
store the information and which can be accessed. Combinations of
any of the above are also included within the scope of CRSM.
Alternatively, computer-readable communication media (CRCM) may
include computer-readable instructions, program modules, or other
data transmitted within a data signal, such as a carrier wave, or
other transmission. However, as used herein, CRSM does not include
CRCM.
[0086] Although example embodiments have been described in language
specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is
to be understood that the disclosure is not necessarily limited to
the specific features or acts described. Rather, the specific
features and acts are disclosed as illustrative forms of
implementing the example embodiments. Conditional language, such
as, among others, "can," "could," "might," or "may," unless
specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the
context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain
example embodiments could include, while other example embodiments
do not include, certain features, elements, and/or steps. Thus,
such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that
features, elements, and/or steps are in any way required for one or
more embodiments or that one or more embodiments necessarily
include logic for deciding, with or without user input or
prompting, whether these features, elements, and/or steps are
included or are to be performed in any particular embodiment.
* * * * *