U.S. patent application number 13/759454 was filed with the patent office on 2014-02-20 for trace elements.
This patent application is currently assigned to WARBURTON TECHNOLOGY LIMITED. The applicant listed for this patent is WARBURTON TECHNOLOGY LIMITED. Invention is credited to Robert N. LAURIE, William A. SMITH.
Application Number | 20140050747 13/759454 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 36036725 |
Filed Date | 2014-02-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140050747 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
LAURIE; Robert N. ; et
al. |
February 20, 2014 |
Trace Elements
Abstract
The invention discloses a trace element solution, which
comprises at least one metal selected from the group comprising
selenium, copper, zinc, manganese and chromium; and at least one
component selected from the group comprising a vitamin, a vaccine,
a growth stimulant, a dewormer, iron dextran, an antibiotic and a
synchronisation preparation. The synchronisation preparation is a
combination of injectable hormonal preparations, inplantable
hormonal preparations, intravaginal hormonal preparation and other
slow release hormonal preparation. The antibiotics include oral,
injectable and implantable theurapeutic remedies. The vaccine
includes antigens and a combination of antigens and adjuvents. The
growth stimulants include zeranol, estradiol, testosterone,
progesterone and trenbolone acetate. The dewormer includes
macrocydic lactones, leramizoles, benzimidazoles and
salicylanilides. The macrocydic lactones include doramectin,
ivermectin, abamectin and moxidectin.
Inventors: |
LAURIE; Robert N.; (Somerset
West, ZA) ; SMITH; William A.; (Dublin, IE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
WARBURTON TECHNOLOGY LIMITED |
Dublin |
|
IE |
|
|
Assignee: |
WARBURTON TECHNOLOGY
LIMITED
Dublin
IE
|
Family ID: |
36036725 |
Appl. No.: |
13/759454 |
Filed: |
February 5, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
11574692 |
Aug 2, 2007 |
8377482 |
|
|
PCT/IB2005/052917 |
Sep 7, 2005 |
|
|
|
13759454 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
424/184.1 ;
424/638; 424/639 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 9/08 20130101; A61K
31/429 20130101; A61K 31/565 20130101; A61K 33/34 20130101; A61K
9/0019 20130101; A61K 31/4184 20130101; A61K 33/30 20130101; A61K
39/00 20130101; A61K 33/24 20130101; A61K 31/167 20130101; A61K
33/18 20130101; A61K 31/095 20130101; A61K 31/00 20130101; A61K
47/10 20130101; A61K 33/00 20130101; A61K 31/57 20130101; A61K
31/568 20130101; A61K 45/06 20130101; A61K 31/7048 20130101; A61K
33/32 20130101; A61K 31/365 20130101; A61P 43/00 20180101; A61K
33/04 20130101; A61K 33/26 20130101; A61K 31/00 20130101; A61K
2300/00 20130101; A61K 33/04 20130101; A61K 2300/00 20130101; A61K
33/24 20130101; A61K 2300/00 20130101; A61K 33/30 20130101; A61K
2300/00 20130101; A61K 33/32 20130101; A61K 2300/00 20130101; A61K
33/34 20130101; A61K 2300/00 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
424/184.1 ;
424/639; 424/638 |
International
Class: |
A61K 33/32 20060101
A61K033/32; A61K 33/30 20060101 A61K033/30; A61K 45/06 20060101
A61K045/06; A61K 33/00 20060101 A61K033/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 9, 2004 |
ZA |
2004/7201 |
Claims
1. An injectable trace element solution, which includes (a) the
metals selenium, zinc, and manganese, with at least one of the
metals metal(s) provided in the form of an EDTA complex; (b) at
least one component selected from the group consisting of a
vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant, a dewormer, iron dextran,
an antibiotic and a hormonal synchronisation preparation.
2. The solution as claimed in claim 1, further comprising at least
one compound selected from the group consisting of iodine, copper,
chromium and iron.
3. The solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antibiotic(s)
are used at least one function selected from the group consisting
of to treat infectious diseases and to limit the incidence of
infectious diseases.
4. The solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vaccine includes
at least one compound selected from the group consisting of
antigens and a combination of antigens and adjuvents.
5. The solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the growth
stimulants include at least one compound selected from the group
consisting of zeranol, estradiol, testosterone, progesterone and
trenbolone acetate.
6. The solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dewormer
includes at least one compound selected from the group consisting
of macrocydic lactones, leramizoles, benzimidazoles and
salicylanilides.
7. The solution as claimed in claim 6, wherein the macrocydic
lactones include at least one compound selected from the group
consisting of doramectin, ivermectin, abamectin and moxidectin.
8. The solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solution
includes a concentration of the metal(s) of at least 20 mg/ml.
9. The solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the EDTA complex is
obtained by means of at least one compound selected from the group
consisting of sodium EDTA, sodium hydroxide EDTA acid and potassium
EDTA.
10. The solution as claimed in claim 1, further comprising
chloro-cresol as preservative.
11. The solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solution is
prepared in a continuous batch process.
12. The solution of claim 1, wherein a total metal concentration
from the metals is at least 60 mg/ml.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser.
No. 11/574,692, filed Aug. 2, 2007, which is a 371 Application of
PCT/IB2005/052917, filed Sep. 7, 2007, and issued as U.S. Pat. No.
8,377,482 on Feb. 19, 2013 herein incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to trace elements.
BACKGROUND TO INVENTION
[0003] It has been found that there is a deficiency/sub-optimal
level of certain trace elements in feed raw material used for
livestock production in particular areas around the world. Various
suggestions have been made to provide the required trace elements
to such animals. Different chemical compounds and complexes have
been investigated for applying the trace elements by way of feed
supplements, licks, drenches or injections.
[0004] In general the problem with injectable solutions is that the
concentration of the minerals in the solutions is too low. This
means that relatively large quantities have to be injected, which
in turn causes tissue damage and can cause abscesses at the
injection site. Furthermore, it is generally the case that
different trace elements are often simultaneously deficient. Most
injectable trace element solutions provide a supplement of
individual trace elements. This means that two or more trace
element solutions have to be provided by way of separate
injections.
[0005] ZA 1982/6778 (Laurie) discloses a trace element solution and
a method of providing the trace elements to livestock. This trace
element solution includes ethylene diamino tetra acetic acid
complexes of the required mineral in suitable quantities. However,
the trace element solution includes no selenium or selenite
compound.
[0006] In the specification and claims the expression EDTA refers
to ethylene diaminotetraacetic acid (C.sub.10H.sub.16O.sub.8N.sub.2
or
(HO.sub.2CH.sub.2C).sub.2NCH.sub.2CH.sub.2N--(CH.sub.2CO.sub.2H).sub.2).
[0007] U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,116 (Howard) discloses
mineral-containing therapeutic compositions containing EDTA
complexes of trace elements. Notably, U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,116
utilises tetra-sodium EDTA, a selenium glycine complex, and metal
chlorides for the preparation of the EDTA complexes. Unfortunately,
the chloride ions cause contamination and each complex solution is
to be made individually. Furthermore, overnight time is required
for complexing and heating up afterward to speed up the process,
requires extra apparatus. If mixtures are required, the individual
solutions are to be blended. If various concentrations as well as
compositions are to be made, it can only be done in a cumbersome
way, requiring extra apparatus. A further problem may arise when
mixtures of high concentration are needed. In certain cases it
would be impossible to deliver them, because mixing is always
accompanied by dilution.
[0008] U.S. Pat. No. 6,638,539 (Laurie et al) discloses a method of
preparing a trace element solution, which includes the steps of
providing at least one EDTA-complex, of providing a sodium selenite
solution, and of combining the EDTA-complexes and the sodium
selenite solution. However, the method enables production of a
trace element solution of only about 55 mg/ml.
[0009] It is an object of the invention to suggest methods and
means for overcoming these problems.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
[0010] According to the invention, a trace element solution
comprises [0011] (a) at least one metal selected from the group
comprising selenium, copper, zinc, manganese and chromium; and
[0012] (b) at least one component selected from the group
comprising a vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant, a dewormer,
iron dextran, an antibiotic and a synchronisation preparation.
[0013] The synchronisation preparation may be a combination of
injectable hormonal preparations, inplantable hormonal
preparations, intravaginal hormonal preparation and/or other slow
release hormonal preparation.
[0014] The antibiotic(s) may include oral, injectable and/or
implantable theurapeutic remedies.
[0015] The antibiotic(s) may be used to treat and/or prevent
infectious diseases.
[0016] The vaccine may include antigens and/or a combination of
antigens and adjuvents.
[0017] The growth stimulants may include zeranol, estradiol,
testosterone, progesterone and/or trenbolone acetate.
[0018] The dewormer may include macrocydic lactones, leramizoles,
benzimidazoles and/or salicylanilides.
[0019] The macrocydic lactones may include doramectin, ivermectin,
abamectin and/or moxidectin.
[0020] The solution may comprise a concentration of the metal(s) of
at least 20 to 60 mg/ml.
[0021] The solution may comprise at least one compound selected
from the group comprising iodine, potassium iodide, sodium iodide,
iron, iron chloride, zinc oxide, manganese sulphate, sodium
selenite, copper carbonate, sodium carbonate, ZnNa.sub.2EDTA,
MnNa.sub.2EDTA, CuNa.sub.2EDTA, CrNa.sub.2EDTA, iron dextran,
FeNa.sub.2EDTA, anhydrous disodium EDTA and sodium hydroxide.
[0022] At least one of the metal(s) may be provided in the form of
an EDTA complex.
[0023] The EDTA complex may be obtained by means of at least one
compound selected from the group comprising sodium EDTA, sodium
hydroxide EDTA acid and potassium EDTA.
[0024] The solution may comprise chloro-cresol as preservative.
[0025] The solution may be prepared in a continuous batch
process.
[0026] The solution may be an injectable solution.
[0027] The solution may be a drenchable solution.
[0028] Also according to the invention, a method of preparing a
trace element solution comprising at least one metal selected from
the group comprising selenium, copper, zinc, manganese and
chromium, said method including the steps of: [0029] (a) preparing
a MnCO.sub.3 mixture in a container; [0030] (b) adding an EDTA
solution to the container and subsequently adding at least one
metal compound; [0031] (c) adding Na.sub.2SeO.sub.3 to the
container to obtain the trace element solution; and [0032] (d)
adding at least one component selected from the group comprising a
vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant, a dewormer, iron dextran,
an antibiotic and a synchronisation preparation.
[0033] The synchronisation preparation may be a combination of
injectable hormonal preparations, inplantable hormonal
preparations, intravaginal hormonal preparation and/or other slow
release hormonal preparation.
[0034] The antibiotic(s) may include oral, injectable and/or
implantable theurapeutic remedies.
[0035] The antibiotic(s) may be used to treat and/or prevent
infectious diseases.
[0036] The vaccine may include antigens and/or a combination of
antigens and adjuvents.
[0037] The growth stimulants may include zeranol, estradiol,
testosterone, progesterone and/or trenbolone acetate.
[0038] The dewormer may include macrocydic lactones, leramizoles,
benzimidazoles and/or salicylanilides.
[0039] The macrocydic lactones may include doramectin, ivermectin,
abamectin and/or moxidectin.
[0040] The solution may comprise a concentration of the metal(s) of
at least 60 mg/ml.
[0041] The EDTA solution may be selected from the group comprising
a potassium EDTA solution and a sodium EDTA solution.
[0042] The method may comprise the step of adding
CrCl.sub.3.6H.sub.2O to the trace element solution.
[0043] The method may comprise the step of adding a EDTA/NaOH
mixture prior to addition of the CrCl.sub.3.6H.sub.2O to the trace
element solution.
[0044] The method may comprise the step of adjusting the pH of the
trace element solution to 6,7 to 7,0.
[0045] The method may comprise the step of adjusting the pH of the
trace element solution by adding at least one compound selected
from the group comprising NaOH and EDTA.
[0046] The trace element solution may be diluted.
[0047] The temperature of the MnCO.sub.3 mixture may be at least 60
degrees Celsius.
[0048] Water having a temperature of at least 70 degrees Celsius
may be added to the MnCO.sub.3 mixture.
[0049] The addition of the EDTA/NaOH mixture may occur gradually
with small quantities.
[0050] The method may comprise the step of cooling the trace
element solution prior to addition of the Na.sub.2SeO.sub.3.
[0051] The MnCO.sub.3 mixture may be prepared by mixing MnSO.sub.4
and Na.sub.2CO.sub.3.
[0052] The metal compound may be selected from the group comprising
ZnO, CuCO.sub.3, Na.sub.2CO3, MnSO.sub.4 and FeCl.sub.3.
[0053] The metal compound may be selected from the group comprising
metal oxides, metal hydroxides and metal carbonates.
[0054] Yet further according to the invention, there is provided a
trace element solution when prepared by the above method.
[0055] Yet further according to the invention, there is provided a
stock lick, which comprises a trace element solution when prepared
by the above method.
[0056] Yet further according to the invention, a method of
providing trace elements to animals, such as livestock, comprises
the steps of preparing a trace element solution as described above
and of providing the solution in a suitable quantity to an
animal.
[0057] Yet further according to the invention, there is provided an
injectable trace element solution, which comprises at least one
compound selected from the group comprising iodine, potassium
iodide and sodium iodide and which comprises a concentration of the
compound(s) of at least 20 to 60 mg/ml and at least one component
selected from the group comprising a vitamin, a vaccine, a growth
stimulant, a dewormer, iron dextran, an antibiotic and a
synchronisation preparation.
[0058] The synchronisation preparation may be a combination of
injectable hormonal preparations, inplantable hormonal
preparations, intravaginal hormonal preparation and/or other slow
release hormonal preparation.
[0059] The antibiotic(s) may include oral, injectable and/or
implantable theurapeutic remedies.
[0060] The antibiotic(s) may be used to treat and/or prevent
infectious diseases.
[0061] The vaccine may include antigens and/or a combination of
antigens and adjuvents.
[0062] The growth stimulants may include zeranol, estradiol,
testosterone, progesterone and/or trenbolone acetate.
[0063] The dewormer may include macrocydic lactones, leramizoles,
benzimidazoles and/or salicylanilides.
[0064] The macrocydic lactones may include doramectin, ivermectin,
abamectin and/or moxidectin.
[0065] Yet further according to the invention, there is provided a
trace element solution, which comprises at least one compound
selected from the group comprising chromium, chromium EDTA complex,
chromium sodium EDTA complex, chromium calcium EDTA complex,
chromium potassium EDTA complex and CrCl.sub.3.6H.sub.2O and at
least one component selected from the group comprising a vitamin, a
vaccine, a growth stimulant, a dewormer, iron dextran, antibiotic
and a synchronisation preparation.
[0066] The synchronisation preparation may be a combination of
injectable hormonal preparations, inplantable hormonal
preparations, intravaginal hormonal preparation and/or other slow
release hormonal preparation.
[0067] The antibiotic(s) may include oral, injectable and/or
implantable theurapeutic remedies.
[0068] The antibiotic(s) may be used to treat and/or prevent
infectious diseases.
[0069] The vaccine may include antigens and/or a combination of
antigens and adjuvents.
[0070] The growth stimulants may include zeranol, estradiol,
testosterone, progesterone and/or trenbolone acetate.
[0071] The dewormer may include macrocydic lactones, leramizoles,
benzimidazoles and/or salicylanilides.
[0072] The macrocydic lactones may include doramectin, ivermectin,
abamectin and/or moxidectin.
[0073] Yet further according to the invention, a trace element
solution [0074] (a) comprises at least one metal selected from the
group comprising selenium, copper, zinc, manganese and chromium;
[0075] (b) comprises at least one of the metal(s) provided in the
form of an EDTA complex; [0076] (c) which is obtained by at least
one compound selected from the group comprising iodine, potassium
iodide, sodium iodide, iron, iron chloride, zinc oxide, manganese
sulphate, sodium selenite, copper carbonate, sodium carbonate,
ZnNa.sub.2EDTA, MnNa.sub.2EDTA, CuNa.sub.2EDTA, CrNa.sub.2EDTA,
iron dextran, FeNa.sub.2EDTA, anhydrous disodium EDTA and sodium
hydroxide; and [0077] (d) at least one component selected from the
group comprising a vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant, a
dewormer, iron dextran, an antibiotic and a synchronisation
preparation.
[0078] The synchronisation preparation may be a combination of
injectable hormonal preparations, inplantable hormonal
preparations, intravaginal hormonal preparation and/or other slow
release hormonal preparation.
[0079] The antibiotic(s) may include oral, injectable and/or
implantable theurapeutic remedies.
[0080] The antibiotic(s) may be used to treat and/or prevent
infectious diseases.
[0081] The vaccine may include antigens and/or a combination of
antigens and adjuvents.
[0082] The growth stimulants may include zeranol, estradiol,
testosterone, progesterone and/or trenbolone acetate.
[0083] The dewormer may include macrocydic lactones, leramizoles,
benzimidazoles and/or salicylanilides.
[0084] The macrocydic lactones may include doramectin, ivermectin,
abamectin and/or moxidectin.
[0085] The solution may comprise a concentration of the metal(s) of
at least 20 to 60 mg/ml.
[0086] Yet further according to the invention, a method of
preparing a trace element solution comprising at least one metal
selected from the group comprising selenium, copper, zinc,
manganese and chromium, said method including the steps of: [0087]
(a) preparing a MnCO.sub.3 mixture in a container at a temperature
of at least 60 degrees Celsius; [0088] (b) adding an EDTA solution
to the container and subsequently adding at least one metal
compound selected from the group comprising ZnO, CuCO.sub.3,
Na.sub.2CO.sub.3, MnSO.sub.4 and FeCl.sub.3; [0089] (c) adding at
least compound selected from the group comprising Na.sub.2SeO.sub.3
and CrCl.sub.3.6H.sub.2O to the container to obtain the trace
element solution; and [0090] (d) adjusting the pH of the trace
element solution; [0091] (e) adding at least one component selected
from the group comprising a vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant,
a dewormer, iron dextran, antibiotic and a synchronisation
preparation.
[0092] The synchronisation preparation may be a combination of
injectable hormonal preparations, inplantable hormonal
preparations, intravaginal hormonal preparation and/or other slow
release hormonal preparation.
[0093] The antibiotic(s) may include oral, injectable and/or
implantable theurapeutic remedies.
[0094] The antibiotic(s) may be used to treat and/or prevent
infectious diseases.
[0095] The vaccine may include antigens and/or a combination of
antigens and adjuvents.
[0096] The growth stimulants may include zeranol, estradiol,
testosterone, progesterone and/or trenbolone acetate.
[0097] is The dewormer may include macrocydic lactones,
leramizoles, benzimidazoles and/or salicylanilides.
[0098] The macrocydic lactones may include doramectin, ivermectin,
abamectin and/or moxidectin.
[0099] The solution may comprise a concentration of the metal(s) of
at least 20 to 60 mg/ml.
[0100] Yet further according to the invention, a trace element
solution comprises [0101] (a) 20-50 mg/ml of zinc; [0102] (b) 5-15
mg/ml manganese; [0103] (c) 2,5-10 mg/ml selenium; and [0104] (d)
10-20 mg/ml copper; [0105] (e) at least one component selected from
the group comprising a vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant, a
dewormer, iron dextran, an antibiotic and a synchronisation
preparation.
[0106] The synchronisation preparation may be a combination of
injectable hormonal preparations, inplantable hormonal
preparations, intravaginal hormonal preparation and/or other slow
release hormonal preparation.
[0107] The antibiotic(s) may include oral, injectable and/or
implantable theurapeutic remedies.
[0108] The antibiotic(s) may be used to treat and/or prevent
infectious diseases.
[0109] The vaccine may include antigens and/or a combination of
antigens and adjuvents.
[0110] The growth stimulants may include zeranol, estradiol,
testosterone, progesterone and/or trenbolone acetate.
[0111] The dewormer may include macrocydic lactones, leramizoles,
benzimidazoles and/or salicylanilides.
[0112] The macrocydic lactones may include doramectin, ivermectin,
abamectin and/or moxidectin.
[0113] The solution may comprise a concentration of the metal(s) of
at least 20 to 60 mg/ml.
[0114] The solution may comprise 5-10 mg/ml chromium.
[0115] The solution may comprise 5-120 mg/ml iron.
[0116] The solution may comprise 20-400 mg/ml iodine.
[0117] The vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant, a dewormer, iron
dextran, an antibiotic and a synchronisation preparation may be
added and/or blended at any stage to the solution in the
methods.
[0118] The vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant, a dewormer, iron
dextran, an antibiotic and a synchronisation preparation may be
added and/or blended as an aqueous base.
DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLES
[0119] The invention will now be described by way of example of
injectable solutions in to accordance with the invention.
EXAMPLE 1
[0120] Example 1 relates to a method to prepare a trace element
solution predominantly to be used for cattle and includes the
mineral elements Selenium, Copper and Chromium.
[0121] The method enables preparation of 25 litres of the solution
containing 40 mg Zn, 10 mg Mn, 5 mg Se, 15 mg Cu and 5 mg Cr per
ml.
[0122] A. Preparing MnCO.sub.3
[0123] In a suitable container/drum, the MnCO.sub.3 mud is prepared
by adding solutions of 900 g MnSO.sub.4 and 1150 g Na.sub.2CO.sub.3
together. The resultant mixture is decanted and washed three
times.
[0124] B. Continuous Batch Process
[0125] To the MnCO.sub.3 mud, hot water (70.degree. C.) is added to
a volume of at least 15 litres. Critical is the temperature at the
start of the batch process which should be at least 60.degree.
C.
[0126] B.1 Preparing MnEDTA
[0127] 2000 g EDTA and 500 g NaOH are weighed; the EDTA and NaOH
are mixed; the EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, in small
quantities to prevent excessive frothing, until the reaction is
complete (leaving a clear pinkish solution).
[0128] B.2 Preparing ZnEDTA (2 steps)
[0129] Step 1:
[0130] 2600 g EDTA, 690 g NaOH and 700 g ZnO are weighed, the EDTA
and NaOH are mixed and ZnO is kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture
is added to the drum in small quantities to prevent boiling over,
followed by addition of the ZnO. The reaction is allowed to
complete (again leaving a clear pink solution). The temperature at
this stage could reach 103.degree. C.
[0131] Step 2:
[0132] 2600 g EDTA, 690 g NaOH and 700 g ZnO are weighed. The EDTA
and NaOH are mixed and the ZnO kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture
is added to the drum in small quantities to prevent boiling over,
where after the ZnO is added. The reaction is allowed to complete
(again leaving a clear pink solution). The temperature at this
stage could reach 103.degree. C.
[0133] B.3 Preparing CuEDTA
[0134] 1760 g EDTA, 462 g NaOH and 693 g basic CuCO.sub.3 are
weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the CuCO.sub.3 kept
separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, followed by
careful addition of the CuCO.sub.3, to prevent excessive frothing,
and the reaction is allowed to complete (leaving a clear blue
solution).
[0135] B.4 25 g chlorocresol is added and stirred till
dissolved.
[0136] B.5 23 litres is made up
[0137] B.6 The mixture is allowed to cool to room temperature.
[0138] C. Final phase
[0139] C.1 303 g Na.sub.2SeO.sub.3 is added.
[0140] C.2 The pH is adjusted to 6,7 by adding NaOH (40% solution)
or EDTA.
[0141] C.3 738 g EDTA, 192 g NaOH and 641 g CrCl.sub.3.6H.sub.2O
are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and added to the drum. The
CrCl.sub.3.6H.sub.2O is added, whereby the reaction is slow.
[0142] C.4 The volume is made up to 25 litres.
EXAMPLE 2
[0143] Example 2 relates to a method to prepare a trace element
solution predominantly to be used for sheep and includes the
mineral elements Selenium and Copper.
[0144] The method enables preparation of 100 litres of the solution
containing 40 mg Zn, 10 mg Mn, 3 mg Se and 10 mg Cu per ml.
[0145] A. Preparing MnCO.sub.3
[0146] In a suitable container/drum, the MnCO.sub.3 mud is prepared
by adding solutions of 3600 g MnSO.sub.4 and 4600 g
Na.sub.2CO.sub.3 together. The mixture is decanted and wash three
times.
[0147] B. Continuous Batch Process
[0148] To the MnCO.sub.3 mud, is added hot water (70.degree. C.) to
a volume of at least 60 litres. The temperature at the start of the
batch process is critical and should be at least 60.degree. C.
[0149] B.1 Preparing MnEDTA
[0150] 8000 g EDTA and 2000 g NaOH are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH
are mixed. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, in small
quantities to prevent excessive frothing, until the reaction is
complete (leaving a clear pinkish solution).
[0151] B.2 Preparing ZnEDTA (2 steps)
[0152] Step 1:
[0153] 10400 g EDTA, 2760 g NaOH and 2800 g ZnO are weighed. The
EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the ZnO kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH
mixture is added to the drum in small quantities to prevent boiling
over, followed by addition of the ZnO. The reaction is allowed to
complete (again leaving a clear pink solution). The temperature at
this stage could reach 103.degree. C.
[0154] Step 2:
[0155] 10400 g EDTA, 2760 g NaOH and 2800 g ZnO are weighed. The
EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the ZnO kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH
mixture is added to the drum in small quantities to prevent boiling
over, followed by addition of the ZnO. The reaction is allowed to
complete (again leaving a clear pink solution). The temperature at
this stage could reach 103.degree. C.
[0156] B.3 Preparing CuEDTA
[0157] 4646 g EDTA, 1220 g NaOH and 1835 g basic CuCO.sub.3 are
weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the CuCO.sub.3 kept
separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, followed by
careful addition of the CuCO.sub.3, to prevent excessive frothing,
and the reaction is allowed to complete (leaving a clear blue
solution).
[0158] B.4 100 g chlorocresol is added and the mixture stirred
until dissolved.
[0159] B.5 The volume is made up to 96 litres
[0160] B.6 The mixture is cooled to room temperature.
[0161] C. Final phase
[0162] C.1 728 g Na.sub.2SeO.sub.3 is added.
[0163] C.2 The pH is adjusted to 6,7 by adding NaOH (40% solution)
or EDTA.
[0164] C.3 The volume is made up to 100 litres.
EXAMPLE 3
[0165] Example 3 relates to a method to prepare a trace element
solution predominantly to be used for cattle and includes the
mineral elements Selenium and Copper.
[0166] The method enables preparation of 100 litres of the solution
containing 40 mg Zn, 10 mg Mn, 5 mg Se and 15 mg Cu per ml.
[0167] A. Preparing MnCO.sub.3
[0168] In a suitable container/drum, the MnCO.sub.3 mud is prepared
by adding solutions of 3600 g MnSO.sub.4 and 4600 g
Na.sub.2CO.sub.3 together. The mixture is decanted and wash three
times.
[0169] B. Continuous Batch Process
[0170] To the MnCO.sub.3 mud, hot water (70.degree. C.) is added to
a volume of at least 60 litres. The temperature at the start of the
batch process is critical and should be at least 60.degree. C.
[0171] B.1 Preparing MnEDTA
[0172] 7840 g EDTA and 1960 g NaOH are weighed. The EDTA and NaOH
are weighed. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, in small
quantities to prevent excessive frothing, until the reaction is
complete (leaving a clear pinkish solution).
[0173] B.2 Preparing ZnEDTA (2 steps)
[0174] Step 1:
[0175] 10400 g EDTA, 2760 g NaOH and 2800 g ZnO are weighed. The
EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the ZnO kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH
mixture is added to the drum, in small quantities to prevent
boiling over, followed by addition of the ZnO. The reaction is
allowed to complete (again leaving a clear pink solution). The
temperature at this stage could reach 103.degree. C.
[0176] Step 2:
[0177] 10400 g EDTA, 2760 g NaOH and 2800 g ZnO are weighed. The
EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the ZnO kept separate. The EDTA/NaOH
mixture is added to the drum, in small quantities to prevent
boiling over, followed by addition of the ZnO. The reaction is
allowed to complete (again leaving a clear pink solution). The
temperature at this stage could reach 103.degree. C.
[0178] B.3 Preparing CuEDTA
[0179] 7040 g EDTA, 1848 g NaOH and 2780 g basic CuCO.sub.3 are
weighed. The EDTA and NaOH are mixed and the CuCO.sub.3 kept
separate. The EDTA/NaOH mixture is added to the drum, followed by
careful addition of the CuCO.sub.3, to prevent excessive frothing,
and the reaction is allowed to complete (leaving a clear blue
solution).
[0180] B.4 100 g chlorocresol is added and the mixture stirred till
dissolved.
[0181] B.5 The mixture is made up to 96 litres
[0182] B.6 The mixture is allowed to cool to room temperature.
[0183] C. Final phase
[0184] C.1 1212 g Na.sub.2SeO.sub.3 is added.
[0185] C.2 The pH is adjusted to 7,0 by adding NaOH (40% solution)
or EDTA.
[0186] C.3 The volume is made up to 100 litres.
GENERAL
[0187] In the examples, at least one component selected from the
group comprising a vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant, a
dewormer, iron dextran, an antibiotic and a synchronisation
preparation can be added and/or blended at any stage to the
solution.
[0188] The synchronisation preparation include a combination of
injectable hormonal preparations, inplantable hormonal
preparations, intravaginal hormonal preparation and other slow
release hormonal preparation. The antibiotics include oral,
injectable and implantable theurapeutic remedies. The antibiotic
are used to treat and prevent infectious diseases.
[0189] The vaccine includes antigens or a combination of antigens
and adjuvents. The growth stimulants include zeranol, estradiol,
testosterone, progesterone and trenbolone acetate. The dewormer
includes macrocydic lactones, leramizoles, benzimidazoles and
salicylanilides. The macrocydic lactones includes doramectin,
ivermectin, abamectin and moxidectin.
[0190] The vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant, a dewormer, iron
dextran, an antibiotic and a synchronisation preparation can be
added and/or blended as an aqueous base.
[0191] The invention therefore provides a trace element solution
which is tissue friendly, i.e. is not damaging or irritant to the
tissue of animals and which comprises selenium, copper, zinc,
manganese, iron and chromium and a component selected from the
group comprising a vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant, a
dewormer, iron dextran, an antibiotic and a synchronisation
preparation. The trace elements in solution are in a to
scientifically formulated ratio according to the post-absorption
requirements of the animals calculated according to provided. As an
example the trace element solution comprises [0192] (a) 20-50 mg/ml
of zinc; [0193] (b) 5-15 mg/ml manganese; [0194] (c) 2,5-10 mg/ml
selenium; [0195] (d) 10-20 mg/ml copper; [0196] (e) 5-10 mg/ml
chromium; [0197] (f) 5-120 mg/ml iron; [0198] (g) 20-400 mg/ml
iodine; and [0199] (h) at least one component selected from the
group comprising a vitamin, a vaccine, a growth stimulant, a
dewormer, iron dextran an antibiotic and a synchronisation
preparation.
[0200] The iodine is provided in the form of potassium iodide or
sodium iodide and the iron is provided in the form of iron
chloride.
[0201] The method of preparing a trace element solution in
accordance with the invention thus enables the production of a
solution comprising an adequate trace mineral concentration and a
component selected from the group comprising a vitamin, a vaccine,
a growth stimulant, a dewormer, iron dextran, an antibiotic and a
synchronisation preparation so that a 5 to 10 milliliter injection
can make a significant impact on the trace mineral status of the
animal, i.e. a practically applicable injectable supplement and a
product that can improve the trace mineral status of an animal is
provided. This is important as livestock producers will only inject
livestock if a real benefit can be demonstrated. Furthermore, the
subcutaneous injection is the preferred route to minimize tissue
damage.
* * * * *