U.S. patent application number 13/960477 was filed with the patent office on 2014-02-13 for method for reducing transmission power and terminal thereof.
This patent application is currently assigned to LG Electronics Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is LG Electronics Inc.. Invention is credited to Jin Yup HWANG, Man Young JUNG, Sang Wook LEE, Su Hwan LIM, Yoon Oh YANG.
Application Number | 20140044063 13/960477 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 50066145 |
Filed Date | 2014-02-13 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140044063 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
LIM; Su Hwan ; et
al. |
February 13, 2014 |
METHOD FOR REDUCING TRANSMISSION POWER AND TERMINAL THEREOF
Abstract
There is provided a method of reducing transmission power. The
method may comprise: receiving a network signal, if a carrier
aggregation (CA) is configured and if the configured CA corresponds
to an intra-band contiguous CA; applying an additional maximum
power reduction (A-MPR) for a transmission, based on the network
signal. If a configuration of the CA corresponds to a CA_1C and if
the aggregated transmission bandwidth is the summation of 75 RBs
and 75 RBs, a value of the A-MPR is specified for L_CRB>10. The
L_CRB is a length of a contiguous resource block allocation.
Inventors: |
LIM; Su Hwan; (Seoul,
KR) ; LEE; Sang Wook; (Seoul, KR) ; HWANG; Jin
Yup; (Seoul, KR) ; JUNG; Man Young; (Seoul,
KR) ; YANG; Yoon Oh; (Seoul, KR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
LG Electronics Inc. |
Seoul |
|
KR |
|
|
Assignee: |
LG Electronics Inc.
Seoul
KR
|
Family ID: |
50066145 |
Appl. No.: |
13/960477 |
Filed: |
August 6, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61680682 |
Aug 7, 2012 |
|
|
|
61682307 |
Aug 13, 2012 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
370/329 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04W 52/04 20130101;
H04W 52/34 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
370/329 |
International
Class: |
H04W 52/04 20060101
H04W052/04 |
Claims
1. A method for reducing transmission power, the method comprising
if a carrier aggregation (CA) is configured and if the configured
CA corresponds to an intra-band contiguous CA, receiving a network
signal; applying an additional maximum power reduction (A-MPR) for
a transmission, based on the network signal, and wherein if a
configuration of the CA corresponds to a CA.sub.--1C and if the
aggregated transmission bandwidth is the summation of 75 RBs and 75
RBs, a value of the A-MPR is specified for L.sub.--CRB>10, and
where the L.sub.--CRB is a length of a contiguous resource block
allocation.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the CA.sub.--1C is related to an
aggregation of 100.about.200 resource blocks.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the CA.sub.--1C is related to an
operating band 1 defined in 3GPP.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving information
on an uplink resource allocated by a base station.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving system
information from a base station, wherein the system information
contains at least one of: information on an operating band,
information on an uplink bandwidth, and information on an uplink
carrier frequency, wherein the information on the uplink bandwidth
contains information on the number of RBs.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein if the configuration of the CA
corresponds to a CA.sub.--1C, if the aggregated transmission
bandwidth is the summation of 75 RBs and 75 RBs, and if
L.sub.--CRB>10, the value of the A-MPR is about 6 dB.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein if the aggregated transmission
bandwidth is the summation of 75 RBs and 75 RBs and if
L.sub.--CRB<=10, the value of the A-MPR is about 11 dB, and if
the aggregated transmission bandwidth is the summation of 75 RBs
and 75 RBs and if L.sub.--CRB>44, the value of the A-MPR is
about 5 dB.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein if the aggregated transmission
bandwidth is the summation of 100 RBs and 100 RBs and if
L.sub.--CRB>0, the value of the A-MPR is about 12 dB, and if the
aggregated transmission bandwidth is the summation of 00 RBs and
100 RBs and if L.sub.--CRB>64, the value of the A-MPR is about 6
dB.
9. A terminal for performing an uplink transmission with the
reduced transmission power, comprising a radio frequency (RF) unit
con figured to receive a network signal, if a carrier aggregation
(CA) is configured and if the configured CA corresponds to an
intra-band contiguous CA; and a processor confirmed to apply an
additional maximum power reduction (A-MPR) for a transmission,
based on the network signal, and wherein if a configuration of the
CA corresponds to a CA.sub.--1C and if the aggregated transmission
bandwidth is the summation of 75 RBs and 75 RBs, a value of the
A-MPR is specified for L.sub.--CRB>10, and where the L.sub.--CRB
is a length of a contiguous resource block allocation.
10. The terminal of claim 9, wherein the CA.sub.--1C is related to
an aggregation of 100.about.200 resource blocks.
11. The terminal of claim 9, wherein the CA.sub.--1C is related to
an operating band 1 defined in 3GPP.
12. The terminal of claim 9, wherein if the configuration of the CA
corresponds to a CA.sub.--1C, if the aggregated transmission
bandwidth is the summation of 75 RBs and 75 RBs, and if
L.sub.--CRB>10, the value of the A-MPR is about 6 dB.
13. The terminal of claim 9, wherein if the aggregated transmission
bandwidth is the summation of 75 RBs and 75 RBs and if
L.sub.--CRB<=10, the value of the A-MPR is about 11 dB, and if
the aggregated transmission bandwidth is the summation of 75 RBs
and 75 RBs and if L.sub.--CRB>44, the value of the A-MPR is
about 5 dB.
14. The terminal of claim 9, wherein if the aggregated transmission
bandwidth is the summation of 100 RBs and 100 RBs and if
L.sub.--CRB>0, the value of the A-MPR is about 12 dB, and if the
aggregated transmission bandwidth is the summation of 00 RBs and
100 RBs and if L.sub.--CRB>64, the value of the A-MPR is about 6
dB.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S.
Provisional applications No. 61/680,682 filed on Aug. 7, 2012 and
No. 61/682,307 filed on Aug. 13, 2012, all of which are
incorporated by reference in their entirety herein.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present invention relates to a method for reducing
transmission power and terminal thereof.
BACKGROUND ART
[0003] A 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term
evolution (LTE) that improves a universal mobile telecommunications
system (UMTS) has been introduced to a 3GPP release 8.
[0004] The 3GPP LTE uses an orthogonal frequency division multiple
access (OFDMA) in a downlink and a single carrier-frequency
division multiple access (SC-FDMA) in an uplink. The OFDM needs to
know in order to understand the OFDMA. The OFDM may be used since
an inter-symbol interference effect can be reduced due to low
complexity. The OFDM converts data to be input in serial into N
parallel data and transmits it by carrying N orthogonal
sub-carriers. The sub-carriers maintains orthogonally in a
frequency dimension. Meanwhile, the OFDMA means a multiple access
method to realize multiple accesses by providing a part of the
available sub-carrier to each user independently, in a system using
the OFDM in a modulation scheme.
[0005] FIG. 1 is view of an evolved mobile communication
network;
[0006] As known in FIG. 1, a wireless communication system includes
at least one base station (BS) 20. Each base station 20 provides
communication services for specific geographical areas (generally
referred to as cells) 20a, 20b and 20c.
[0007] In this case, communications from a base station to a
terminal is called as a downlink (DL) and communication from the
terminal to the base station is called as an uplink (UL).
[0008] If base stations by several service providers are present in
each geographical area 20a, 20b, 20c, they may occurs interference
with each other.
[0009] To eliminate this interference, each service provider can
provide services with different frequency bands.
[0010] However, if the frequency bands of each service provider are
adjacent to each other, the interference problem still exists. This
interference problem can be solved by increasing substantial
frequency intervals between adjacent bands such that transmission
power may be reduced or the amount of transmission resource block
(RB) may be limited. However, if the transmission power may be
reduced simply, since service coverage is also reduced accordingly,
a measure to reduce the transmission power at an appropriate level
is required without causing the interference problem.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
[0011] Therefore, one disclosure of the specification is to provide
a measure to reduce the transmission power at an appropriate
level.
[0012] To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with
the purpose of the present invention, as embodied and broadly
described herein, there is provided a method of reducing
transmission power. The method may comprise: receiving a network
signal, if a carrier aggregation (CA) is configured and if the
configured CA corresponds to an intra-band contiguous CA; applying
an additional maximum power reduction (A-MPR) for a transmission,
based on the network signal. If a configuration of the CA
corresponds to a CA.sub.--1C and if the aggregated transmission
bandwidth is the summation of 75 RBs and 75 RBs, a value of the
A-MPR is specified for L_CRB>10. The L_CRB is a length of a
contiguous resource block allocation.
[0013] The CA.sub.--1C may be related to an aggregation of
100.about.200 resource blocks. And, the CA.sub.--1C may be related
to an operating band 1 defined in 3GPP.
[0014] The method may further comprise; receiving information on an
uplink resource allocated by a base station.
[0015] The method may further comprise; receiving system
information from a base station. The system information may contain
at least one of: information on an operating band, information on
an uplink bandwidth, and information on an uplink carrier
frequency. The information on the uplink bandwidth may contain
information on the number of RBs.
[0016] If the configuration of the CA corresponds to a CA.sub.--1C,
if the aggregated transmission bandwidth is the summation of 75 RBs
and 75 RBs, and if L.sub.--CRB>10, the value of the A-MPR may be
about 6 dB.
[0017] If the aggregated transmission bandwidth is the summation of
75 RBs and 75 RBs and if L.sub.--CRB<=10, the value of the A-MPR
may be about 11 dB. If the aggregated transmission bandwidth is the
summation of 75 RBs and 75 RBs and if L.sub.--CRB>44, the value
of the A-MPR may be about 5 dB.
[0018] If the aggregated transmission bandwidth is the summation of
100 RBs and 100 RBs and if L.sub.--CRB>0, the value of the A-MPR
may be about 12 dB. Also, if the aggregated transmission bandwidth
is the summation of 00 RBs and 100 RBs and if L.sub.--CRB>64,
the value of the A-MPR may be about 6 dB.
[0019] To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with
the purpose of the present invention, as embodied and broadly
described herein, there is also provided a terminal for performing
an uplink transmission with the reduced transmission power. The
terminal may comprise: a radio frequency (RF) unit con figured to
receive a network signal, if a carrier aggregation (CA) is
configured and if the configured CA corresponds to an intra-band
contiguous CA; and a processor confirmed to apply an additional
maximum power reduction (A-MPR) for a transmission, based on the
network signal. If a configuration of the CA corresponds to a
CA.sub.--1C and if the aggregated transmission bandwidth is the
summation of 75 RBs and 75 RBs, a value of the A-MPR may be
specified for L.sub.--CRB>10. Here, the L.sub.--CRB may be a
length of a contiguous resource block allocation.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] FIG. 1 is view of an evolved mobile communication
network;
[0021] FIG. 2 illustrates a structure of a radio frame according to
FDD mode specified in a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP)
long term evolution (LTE)
[0022] FIG. 3 shows a downlink radio frame structure according to a
TDD mode specified in a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP)
long term evolution (LTE).
[0023] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a resource grid for one
downlink slot or one uplink slot according to 3GPP LTE.
[0024] FIG. 5 shows a downlink radio frame structure in 3rd
generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution
(LTE).
[0025] FIG. 6 shows the structure of an uplink subframe in 3rd
generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution
(LTE).
[0026] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of comparison between an
existing single carrier system and a multi-carrier system.
[0027] FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary structure of a subframe for
cross carrier scheduling in a multi-carrier system.
[0028] FIG. 9 illustrates a scheduling example if a cross-carrier
scheduling is set in a carrier aggregation system.
[0029] FIG. 10 shows the concept of intra-band CA.
[0030] FIG. 11 shows the concept of inter-band CA according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
[0031] FIG. 12 shows the concept of unwanted emission, FIG. 13
concretely shows emission in an external band of the unwanted
emission shown in FIG. 12, and FIG. 14 shows a relationship between
a resource block (RB) and a channel band (MHz) shown in FIG.
12.
[0032] FIG. 15 illustrates an example of a method for limiting
transmission power of a terminal.
[0033] FIG. 16 illustrates an example generating interference when
any provider uses a band adjacent to a band of another
provider.
[0034] FIG. 17 through FIG. 19 show simulation results according to
an embodiment of the present invention.
[0035] FIG. 20 illustrates a process of transferring system
information.
[0036] FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing a wireless communication
system to implement an embodiment of the present invention.
MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0037] Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred
embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are
illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It will also be apparent
to those skilled in the art that various modifications and
variations can be made in the present invention without departing
from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended
that the present invention cover modifications and variations of
this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended
claims and their equivalents.
[0038] Description will now be given in detail of a drain device
and a refrigerator having the same according to an embodiment, with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0039] The present invention will be described on the basis of a
universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) and an evolved
packet core (EPC). However, the present invention is not limited to
such communication systems, and it may be also applicable to all
kinds of communication systems and methods to which the technical
spirit of the present invention is applied.
[0040] It should be noted that technological terms used herein are
merely used to describe a specific embodiment, but not to limit the
present invention. Also, unless particularly defined otherwise,
technological terms used herein should be construed as a meaning
that is generally understood by those having ordinary skill in the
art to which the invention pertains, and should not be construed
too broadly or too narrowly. Furthermore, if technological terms
used herein are wrong terms unable to correctly express the spirit
of the invention, then they should be replaced by technological
terms that are properly understood by those skilled in the art. In
addition, general terms used in this invention should be construed
based on the definition of dictionary, or the context, and should
not be construed too broadly or too narrowly.
[0041] Incidentally, unless clearly used otherwise, expressions in
the singular number include a plural meaning. In this application,
the terms "comprising" and "including" should not be construed to
necessarily include all of the elements or steps disclosed herein,
and should be construed not to include some of the elements or
steps thereof, or should be construed to further include additional
elements or steps.
[0042] The terms used herein including an ordinal number such as
first, second, etc. can be used to describe various elements, but
the elements should not be limited by those terms. The terms are
used merely to distinguish an element from the other element. For
example, a first element may be named to a second element, and
similarly, a second element may be named to a first element.
[0043] In case where an element is "connected" or "linked" to the
other element, it may be directly connected or linked to the other
element, but another element may be existed therebetween. On the
contrary, in case where an element is "directly connected" or
"directly linked" to another element, it should be understood that
any other element is not existed therebetween.
[0044] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention
will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying
drawings, and the same or similar elements are designated with the
same numeral references regardless of the numerals in the drawings
and their redundant description will be omitted. In describing the
present invention, moreover, the detailed description will be
omitted when a specific description for publicly known technologies
to which the invention pertains is judged to obscure the gist of
the present invention. Also, it should be noted that the
accompanying drawings are merely illustrated to easily explain the
spirit of the invention, and therefore, they should not be
construed to limit the spirit of the invention by the accompanying
drawings. The spirit of the invention should be construed as being
extended even to all changes, equivalents, and substitutes other
than the accompanying drawings.
[0045] There is an exemplary terminal in accompanying drawings,
however the terminal may be referred to as terms such as a user
equipment (UE), a mobile equipment (ME), a mobile station (MS), a
user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a wireless device
(WD), a handheld device (HD), an access terminal (AT), and etc.
And, the terminal may be implemented as a portable device such as a
notebook, a mobile phone, a PDA, a smart phone, a multimedia
device, etc, or as an unportable device such as a PC or a
vehicle-mounted device.
[0046] FIG. 2 illustrates a structure of a radio frame according to
FDD mode specified in a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP)
long term evolution (LTE)
[0047] The section 5 of 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project)
TS 36.211 V8.2.0 (2008-03) "Technical Specification Group Radio
Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
(E-UTRA); Physical channels and modulation (Release 8)" can be
incorporated herein by reference. Referring to FIG. 2, the radio
frame consists of 10 subframes. One subframe consists of two slots.
Slots included in the radio frame are numbered with slot numbers #0
to #19. A time required to transmit one subframe is defined as a
transmission time interval (TTI). The TTI may be a scheduling unit
for data transmission. For example, one radio frame may have a
length of 10 milliseconds (ms), one subframe may have a length of 1
ms, and one slot may have a length of 0.5 ms.
[0048] One slot includes a plurality of orthogonal frequency
division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in a time domain, and includes
a plurality of subcarriers in a frequency domain. The OFDM symbol
is for representing one symbol period. The OFDM symbol can be
referred to as other terms. For example, the OFDM symbol can also
be referred to as an orthogonal frequency division multiple access
(OFDMA) symbol or, when single carrier-frequency division multiple
access (SC-FDMA) is used as an uplink multiple-access scheme, can
also be referred to as an SC-FDMA symbol.
[0049] In 3GPP LTE, it is defined such that one slot includes 7
OFDM symbols in a normal cyclic prefix (CP) and one slot includes 6
OFDM symbols in an extended CP.
[0050] The above radio frame structure is shown for exemplary
purposes only. Thus, the number of subframes included in the radio
frame or the number of slots included in the subframe or the number
of OFDM symbols included in the slot may change variously.
[0051] FIG. 3 shows a downlink radio frame structure according to a
TDD m ode specified in a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP)
long term evolution (LTE).
[0052] The section 4 of 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.7.0 (2009-05) "Evolved
Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical Channels and
Modulation (Release 8)" may be incorporated herein by reference for
time division duplex (TDD).
[0053] A radio frame includes 10 subframes indexed with 0 to 9. One
subframe includes 2 consecutive slots. A time required for
transmitting one subframe is defined as a transmission time
interval (TTI). For example, one subframe may have a length of 1
millisecond (ms), and one slot may have a length of 0.5 ms.
[0054] One slot may include a plurality of orthogonal frequency
division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in a time domain. Since the
3GPP LTE uses orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)
in a downlink (DL), the OFDM symbol is only for expressing one
symbol period in the time domain, and there is no limitation in a
multiple access scheme or terminologies. For example, the OFDM
symbol may also be referred to as another terminology such as a
single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbol,
a symbol period, etc.
[0055] Although it is described that one slot includes 7 OFDM
symbols for example, the number of OFDM symbols included in one
slot may vary depending on a length of a cyclic prefix (CP).
According to 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.7.0, in case of a normal CP, one
slot includes 7 OFDM symbols, and in case of an extended CP, one
slot includes 6 OFDM symbols.
[0056] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit, and
includes a plurality of subcarriers in one slot. For example, if
one slot includes 7 OFDM symbols in a time domain and the RB
includes 12 subcarriers in a frequency domain, one RB can include
7.times.12 resource elements (REs).
[0057] A subframe having an index #1 and an index #6 is called a
special subframe, and includes a downlink pilot time slot (DwPTS),
a guard period (GP), and an uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS). The
DwPTS is used in the UE for initial cell search, synchronization,
or channel estimation. The UpPTS is used in the BS for channel
estimation and uplink transmission synchronization of the UE. The
GP is a period for removing interference which occurs in an uplink
due to a multi-path delay of a downlink signal between the uplink
and a downlink.
[0058] In TDD, a downlink (DL) subframe and an uplink (UL) subframe
co-exist in one radio frame. Table 1 shows an example of a
configuration of the radio frame.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 UL-DL Configura- Switch-point Subframe index
tion periodicity 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 5 ms D S U U U D S U U U 1 5
ms D S U U D D S U U D 2 5 ms D S U D D D S U D D 3 10 ms D S U U U
D D D D D 4 10 ms D S U U D D D D D D 5 10 ms D S U D D D D D D D 6
5 ms D S U U U D S U U D `D` denotes a DL subframe, `U` denotes a
UL subframe, and `S` denotes a special subframe. When the UL-DL
configuration is received from the BS, the UE can know whether a
specific subframe is the DL subframe or the UL subframe according
to the configuration of the radio frame.
[0059] A DL subframe is divided into a control region and a data
region in the time domain. The control region includes up to three
preceding OFDM symbols of a 1st slot in the subframe. However, the
number of OFDM symbols included in the control region may vary. A
physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) is allocated to the
control region, and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) is
allocated to the data region.
[0060] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a resource grid for one
downlink slot or one uplink slot according to 3GPP LTE.
[0061] Referring to FIG. 4, the downlink slot includes a plurality
of OFDM symbols in a time domain and a plurality of NRB resource
blocks (RBs) in a frequency domain. The RB is a resource allocation
unit, and includes one slot in the time domain and a plurality of
contiguous subcarriers in the frequency domain.
[0062] The number NRB of RBs included in the downlink slot depends
on a downlink transmission bandwidth determined in a cell. For
example, in an LTE system, NRB may be any one value in the range of
6 to 110. An uplink slot may have the same structure as the
downlink slot.
[0063] Each element on the resource grid is referred to as a
resource element (RE). The RE on the resource grid can be
identified by an index pair (k, l) within the slot. Herein, k(k=0,
. . . , NRB.times.12-1) denotes a subcarrier index in the frequency
domain, and l(l=0, . . . , 6) denotes an OFDM symbol index in the
time domain.
[0064] Although it is described herein that one RB includes
7.times.12 REs consisting of 7 OFDM symbols in the time domain and
12 subcarriers in the frequency domain for example, the number of
OFDM symbols and the number of subcarriers in the RB are not
limited thereto. Thus, the number of OFDM symbols and the number of
subcarriers may change variously depending on a CP length, a
frequency spacing, etc. For example, when using a normal CP, the
number of OFDM symbols is 7, and when using an extended CP, the
number of OFDM symbols is 6. In one OFDM symbol, the number of
subcarriers may be selected from 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, and
2048.
[0065] FIG. 5 shows a downlink radio frame structure in 3rd
generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution
(LTE).
[0066] A radio frame includes 10 subframes indexed with 0 to 9. One
subframe includes 2 consecutive slots. A time required for
transmitting one subframe is defined as a transmission time
interval (TTI). For example, one subframe may have a length of 1
millisecond (ms), and one slot may have a length of 0.5 ms.
[0067] One slot may include a plurality of orthogonal frequency
division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in a time domain. Since the
3GPP LTE uses orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)
in a downlink (DL), the OFDM symbol is only for expressing one
symbol period in the time domain, and there is no limitation in a
multiple access scheme or terminologies. For example, the OFDM
symbol may also be referred to as another terminology such as a
single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbol,
a symbol period, etc.
[0068] Although it is described that one slot includes 7 OFDM
symbols for example, the number of OFDM symbols included in one
slot may vary depending on a length of a cyclic prefix (CP).
According to 3GPP TS 36.211 V8.7.0, in case of a normal CP, one
slot includes 7 OFDM symbols, and in case of an extended CP, one
slot includes 6 OFDM symbols.
[0069] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit, and
includes a plurality of subcarriers in one slot. For example, if
one slot includes 7 OFDM symbols in a time domain and the RB
includes 12 subcarriers in a frequency domain, one RB can include
7.times.12 resource elements (REs).
[0070] DL (downlink) subframe is divided into a control region and
a data region in time domain. The control region includes maximum
of 4 preceding OFDM symbols of the first slot in the subframe,
though the number of OFDM symbols included in the control region
can be changed. In the control region, Physical Downlink Control
Channel (PDCCH) and other control channels are allocated, and in
the data region, Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) is
allocated.
[0071] As disclosed in the 3GPP TS 36.211 V10.4.0, the 3GPP
LTE/LTE-A defines a physical channel, including a PDCCH, a Physical
Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), and a Physical
Hybrid-ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH). Also, control signals
transmitted from a physical layer include a Primary Synchronization
Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and a
random access preamble.
[0072] The PCFICH transmitted in the first OFDM symbol of a
subframe carries control format indicator (CFI) which indicates the
number of OFDM symbols (namely, size of the control region) used
for carrying control channels within a subframe. The UE first
receives the CFI through the PCFICH and monitors the PDCCH. The
PCFICH does not use blind decoding but transmitted through the
fixed PCFICH resources of a subframe.
[0073] The PDCCH carries control information which is called
downlink control information (DCI). DCI may include resource
allocation of PDSCH (which is also called DL grant), resource
allocation of PUSCH (which is called UL grant), and activation of a
set of transmission power control commands for individual UEs
within a UE group and/or voice over internet protocol (VoIP).
[0074] The PHICH carries ACK (positive acknowledgement)/NACK
(negative acknowledgement) signal for UL hybrid automatic repeat
request (HARQ). The ACK/NACK signal about the UL data on the PUSCH
transmitted by the UE is transmitted through the PHICH.
[0075] FIG. 6 shows the structure of an uplink subframe in 3rd
generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution
(LTE).
[0076] Referring FIG. 6, an uplink subframe may be divided into a
control region and a data region in the frequency domain. A
physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) for transmitting uplink
control information is allocated to the control region. A physical
uplink shared channel (PUCCH) for transmitting data is allocated to
the data region. If indicated by a higher layer, the user equipment
may support simultaneous transmission of the PUCCH and the
PUSCH.
[0077] The PUSCH is mapped to a uplink shared channel (UL-SCH), a
transport channel. Uplink data transmitted on the PUSCH may be a
transport block, a data block for the UL-SCH transmitted during the
TTI. The transport block may be user information. Or, the uplink
data may be multiplexed data. The multiplexed data may be data
obtained by multiplexing the transport block for the UL-SCH and
control information. For example, control information multiplexed
to data may include a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding
matrix indicator (PMI), an HARQ, a rank indicator (RI), or the
like. Or the uplink data may include only control information.
[0078] The following description is about a PUCCH.
[0079] The PUCCH for one UE is allocated in an RB pair. RBs
belonging to the RB pair occupy different subcarriers in each of a
1st slot and a 2nd slot. A frequency occupied by the RBs belonging
to the RB pair allocated to the PUCCH changes at a slot boundary.
This is called that the RB pair allocated to the PUCCH is
frequency-hopped at a slot boundary. Since the UE transmits UL
control information over time through different subcarriers, a
frequency diversity gain can be obtained. In the figure, m is a
location index indicating a logical frequency-domain location of
the RB pair allocated to the PUCCH in the subframe.
[0080] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of comparison between an
existing single carrier system and a multi-carrier system.
[0081] Referring to FIG. 7, in the single carrier system, only one
carrier is supported for uplink and downlink with respect to the
user equipment. Various bandwidths may be provided for the carrier,
but only one carrier is assigned to the user equipment. On the
contrary, in the multi-carrier system, a plurality of component
carriers (DL CC A to C, and UL CC A to C) may be assigned to the
user equipment. For example, three component carriers each having a
frequency of 20 MHz may be assigned to the user equipment, so that
a bandwidth of 60 MHz is assigned to the user equipment.
[0082] The multi-carrier system may be divided into a contiguous
carrier aggregation system having carriers contiguous to each other
and a non-contiguous carrier aggregation system having carriers
away from each other. Hereinafter, when simply referred to as
multi-carrier system, it should be construed as including both when
the component carriers are contiguous to each other and when the
component carriers are not contiguous to each other.
[0083] When one or more component carriers are aggregated, target
component carriers may use, as is, the bandwidth used in the
existing system for backward compatibility with the existing
system. For example, in the 3GPP LTE system, bandwidths of 1.4 MHz,
3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz and 20 MHz are supported, and in the
3GPP LTE-A system, a wideband of 20 MHz or more may be configured
using only the bandwidth used in the 3GPP LTE system. Or, without
using, as is, the bandwidth of the existing system, a new bandwidth
may be defined to configure a wideband.
[0084] In the wireless communication system, the system band is
separated into a plurality of carrier frequencies. Here, the
carrier frequency means the center frequency of a cell.
Hereinafter, the cell may mean a downlink frequency resource and an
uplink frequency resource. Or, the cell may mean a combination of a
downlink frequency resource and an optional uplink frequency
resource. Or, in the case that carrier aggregation (CA) is
generally not considered, one cell may have a pair of uplink and
downlink frequency resources all the time. For packet data to be
transmitted/received through a specific cell, the user equipment
should first complete configuration of the specific cell. Here, the
"configuration" means when it is complete to receive system
information necessary for data transmission/reception on the
corresponding cell. For example, the configuration may include the
overall process of receiving common physical parameters necessary
for data transmission/reception, MAC layer parameters, or
parameters necessary for a specific operation at the RRC layer. The
configuration-completed cell remains in the state that
transmission/reception of packets are possible immediately when
receiving information indicating that packet data may be
transmitted.
[0085] The configuration-completed cell may remain activated or
deactivated. Here, the "activation" refers to when data is under
transmission or reception or stands ready. The user equipment may
monitor or receive the control channel (PDCCH) and the data channel
(PDSCH) of the activated cell so as to identify the resources
(which may be frequency or time) assigned thereto.
[0086] The deactivation refers to when transmission or reception of
traffic data is impossible but measurement or transmission or
reception of minimum information is possible. The user equipment
may receive system information (SI) necessary for receiving packets
from the deactivated cell. On the contrary, the user equipment does
not monitor or receive the control channel (PDCCH) and the data
channel (PDSCH) of the deactivated cell in order to identify
resources (which may be frequency or time) assigned thereto.
[0087] The cell may be classified into a primary cell, a secondary
cell, and a serving cell.
[0088] The primary cell refers to a cell that operates at a primary
frequency, a cell in which the user equipment performs an initial
connection establishment/reestablishment procedure with the base
station, or a cell designated as a primary cell during the course
of handover. The secondary cell means a cell that operates at a
secondary frequency and this cell is configured once RRC connection
is established and is used for providing an additional wireless
resource.
[0089] The serving cell is configured as the primary cell when
carrier aggregation (CA) is not configured or when the user
equipment cannot provide CA. When CA is configured, the term
"serving cell" is used to represent the primary cell, one of all
the secondary cells, or an aggregation of a plurality of secondary
cells. That is, the primary cell means one serving cell that
provides security input and NAS mobility information in the state
of RRC establishment or re-establishment. According to capabilities
of the user equipment, at least one cell may be configured to form
a serving cell aggregation together with the primary cell, and
here, the at least one cell is referred to as the secondary cell.
Accordingly, the aggregation of serving cells configured for one
user equipment may be constituted of a single primary cell only or
one primary cell and at least one secondary cell. PCC (Primary
Component Carrier) refers to a component carrier (CC) that
corresponds to the primary cell. PPC is a CC through which, among
other carriers, the user equipment establishes a connection or RRC
connection with the base station at early time. The PCC is a
special CC that is in charge of connection or RRC connection for
signaling regarding a number of CCs and manages UE context
information which is connection information relating to the user
equipment. Further, the PCC remains activated all the time when
establishing a connection with the PCC so that it is in the RRC
connected mode.
[0090] SCC (Secondary Component Carrier) refers to a CC that
corresponds to the secondary cell. That is, the SCC is a CC
assigned to the user equipment other than the PCC, and the SCC is
an extended carrier for the user equipment to assign an additional
resource other than the PCC. The SCC may remain activated or
deactivated.
[0091] The downlink component carrier corresponding to the primary
cell is referred to as a downlink primary component carrier (DL
PCC), and an uplink component carrier corresponding to the primary
cell is referred to as an uplink primary component carrier (UL
PCC). Further, in the downlink, a component carrier corresponding
to the secondary cell is referred to as a downlink secondary
component carrier (DL SCC), and in the uplink, a component carrier
corresponding to the secondary cell is referred to as an uplink
secondary component carrier (UL SCC).
[0092] The primary cell and the secondary cell have the following
characteristics.
[0093] First, the primary cell is used for transmitting PUCCH.
Second, the primary cell remains activated all the time whereas the
secondary cell is a carrier that is activated/deactivated depending
on a specific condition. Third, when the primary cell experiences a
radio link failure (hereinafter, "RLF"), RRC reconnection is
triggered, while when the secondary cell experiences the RLF, RRC
reconnection is not triggered. Fourth, the primary cell may be
changed by a change in security key or by a handover procedure
coming with a RACH (Random Access CHannel) process. Fifth, NAS
(Non-Access Stratum) information is received through the primary
cell. Sixth, in the primary cell, the DL PCC and the UL PCC always
constitute a pair. Seventh, a different component carrier (CC) may
be configured as the primary cell for each user equipment. Eighth,
procedures, such as reconfiguration, addition, or removal of the
primary cell, may be conducted by the RRC layer. When adding a new
secondary cell, RRC signaling may be used to transmit system
information of a dedicated secondary cell.
[0094] The downlink component carrier may be constituted of a
single serving cell, and the downlink component carrier and uplink
component carrier may be configured to be connected, thereby
constituting one serving cell. However, a single uplink component
carrier alone fails to constitute a serving cell.
Activation/deactivation of a component carrier is equivalent in
concept to activation/deactivation of a serving cell. For example,
assuming that a serving cell 1 is constituted of DL CC1, activation
of the serving cell 1 means activation of DL CC1. When it is
assumed that a serving cell 2 is configured so that DC CC2 is
connected to UL CC2, activation of the serving cell 2 means
activation of DC CC2 and UL CC2. In this sense, each component
carrier may correspond to a cell.
[0095] The number of component carriers aggregated may differ
between the downlink and the uplink. A situation where the number
of downlink CCs and the number of uplink CCs are the same is
referred to as symmetric aggregation, and a situation where the
numbers are different from each other is referred to as asymmetric
aggregation. Further, the sizes of CCs (i.e., bandwidth) may
differ. For example, when five CCs are used to configure a band of
70 MHz, the configuration of 5 MHz CC (carrier #0)+20 MHz CC
(carrier #1)+20 MHz CC (carrier #2)+20 MHz CC (carrier #3)+5 MHz CC
(carrier #4) may be made.
[0096] As described above, unlike in the single carrier system, in
the multi-carrier system, a plurality of component carriers (CC)
may be supported. That is, one user equipment may receive a
plurality of PDSCHs through a plurality of DL CCs.
[0097] The multi-carrier system may support cross-carrier
scheduling. The cross-carrier scheduling is a scheduling scheme
that may perform resource allocation of PDSCH transmitted via a
different component carrier through PDCCH transmitted via a
specific component carrier and/or may perform resource allocation
of PUSCH transmitted via a component carrier other than a component
carrier basically linked to the specific component carrier. That
is, the PDCCH and PDSCH may be transmitted through different
downlink CCs, and the PUSCH may be transmitted through an uplink CC
other than an uplink CC linked to the downlink CC through which the
PDCCH including a UL grant is transmitted. As such, a system
supporting the cross-carrier scheduling needs an indicator
notifying the PDSCH/PUSCH through which the PDCCH provides control
information are transmitted through which DL CC/UL CC. The field
including such carrier indicator is hereinafter referred to as
carrier indication field (CIF).
[0098] The multi-carrier system supporting the cross-carrier
scheduling may include the carrier indication field (CIF) in the
conventional DCI (downlink control information) format. In a system
supporting the cross-carrier scheduling, For example, LTE-A system,
the CIF is added to the existing DCI format (i.e., DCI format used
in LTE), and thus, one to three bits may expand, and the PDCCH
structure may reuse the existing coding scheme, and resource
allocation scheme (i.e., CCE-based resource mapping).
[0099] FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary structure of a subframe for
cross carrier scheduling in a multi-carrier system.
[0100] Referring to FIG. 8, the base station may configure a PDCCH
monitoring DL CC aggregation. The PDCCH monitoring DL CC
aggregation consists of some of all the DL CCs aggregated, and if
cross-carrier scheduling is configured, the user equipment performs
PDCCH monitoring/decoding only on the DL CC included in the PDCCH
monitoring DL CC aggregation. In other words, the base station
transmits the PDCCH for the PDSCH/PUSCH to be scheduled through
only the DL CC included in the PDCCH monitoring DL CC aggregation.
The PDCCH monitoring DL CC aggregation may be configured
UE-specifically, UE group-specifically, or cell-specifically.
[0101] In FIG. 9, three DL CCs (DL CC A, DL CC B, and DL CC C) are
aggregated, and DL CC A is configured as the PDCCH monitoring DL
CC, as an example. The user equipment may receive a DL grant for
the PDSCH of DL CC A, DL CC B, and DL CC C through PDCCH of DL CC
A. DCI transmitted through the PDCCH of DL CC A includes the CIF
and thus is able to indicate which DL CC the DCI is for.
[0102] The CIF value is the same as the value of the serving cell
index. The serving sell index is transmitted to the terminal
through the RRC signal. The serving sell index includes values that
may used to identify serving cells, namely, a primary cell or a
secondary cell. For example, 0 value may express the primary
cell.
[0103] FIG. 9 illustrates a scheduling example if a cross-carrier
scheduling is set in a carrier aggregation system.
[0104] Referring to FIG. 9, DL CC 0, DL CC 2 and DL CC 4 are a
PDCCH monitoring DL CC set. The terminal searches DL grant/UL grant
for the DL CC 0 and the UL CC 0(UL CC linked to SIB 2 with the DL
CC 0) in the CSS of the DL CC 0. In addition, the terminal searches
the DL grant/UL grant for the DL CC 1 and the UL CC 1 in the SS 1
of the DL CC 0. The SS 1 is an example of USS. That is, the SS 1 of
the DL CC 0 is a search space for searching the DL grant/UL grant
to perform the cross carrier scheduling.
[0105] Meanwhile, the carrier aggregation (CA) technique may be
largely divided into the inter-band CA and intra-band CA techniques
as described above. The inter-band CA is a method that uses an
aggregated CC by aggregating each CC existing in the different
bands, and the intra-band CA is a method that uses an aggregated CC
by aggregating each CC in the same bands. In addition, the CA
technique may be again divided into Intra-Band Contiguous CA,
Intra-Band Non-Contiguous CA and Inter-Band Non-Contiguous CA, in
more detail.
[0106] FIG. 10 shows the concept of intra-band CA.
[0107] FIG. 10(a) shows intra-band contiguous CA, and FIG. 10(b)
shows intra-band non-contiguous CA.
[0108] The CA discussed in LTE-Advanced can be divided into the
intra-band contiguous CA shown in FIG. 10(a) and the intra-band
non-contiguous CA shown in FIG. 10(b).
[0109] FIG. 11 shows the concept of inter-band CA according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
[0110] FIG. 11(a) shows a combination of a low band and a high band
for the inter-band CA, and FIG. 11(b) shows a combination of
similar frequency bands for the inter-band CA.
[0111] That is, the inter-band CA of FIG. 11 can be divided into
inter-band CA between carriers of a low-band and a high-band when
RF characteristics of the inter-band CA are different from each
other as shown in FIG. 11(a) and inter-band CA of a similar
frequency capable of using a common RF node for each component
carrier since RF characteristics are similar as shown in FIG.
11(b).
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 E-UTRA Uplink (UL) Downlink (DL) Operating
operating band operating band Duplex Band F.sub.UL low-F.sub.UL
high F.sub.DL low-F.sub.DL high Mode 1 1920 MHz-1980 MHz 2110
MHz-2170 MHz FDD 2 1850 MHz-1910 MHz 1930 MHz-1990 MHz FDD 3 1710
MHz-1785 MHz 1805 MHz-1880 MHz FDD 4 1710 MHz-1755 MHz 2110
MHz-2155 MHz FDD 5 824 MHz-849 MHz 869 MHz-894 MHz FDD 6 830
MHz-840 MHz 875 MHz-885 MHz FDD 7 2500 MHz-2570 MHz 2620 MHz-2690
MHz FDD 8 880 MHz-915 MHz 925 MHz-960 MHz FDD 9 1749.9 MHz-1784.9
MHz 1844.9 MHz-1879.9 MHz FDD 10 1710 MHz-1770 MHz 2110 MHz-2170
MHz FDD 11 1427.9 MHz-1447.9 MHz 1475.9 MHz-1495.9 MHz FDD 12 699
MHz-716 MHz 729 MHz-746 MHz FDD 13 777 MHz-787 MHz 746 MHz-756 MHz
FDD 14 788 MHz-798 MHz 758 MHz-768 MHz FDD 15 Reserved Reserved FDD
16 Reserved Reserved FDD 17 704 MHz-716 MHz 734 MHz-746 MHz FDD 18
815 MHz-830 MHz 860 MHz-875 MHz FDD 19 830 MHz-845 MHz 875 MHz-890
MHz FDD 20 832 MHz-862 MHz 791 MHz-821 MHz FDD 21 1447.9 MHz-1462.9
MHz 1495.9 MHz-1510.9 MHz FDD 22 3410 MHz-3490 MHz 3510 MHz-3590
MHz FDD 23 2000 MHz-2020 MHz 2180 MHz-2200 MHz FDD 24 1626.5
MHz-1660.5 MHz 1525 MHz-1559 MHz FDD 25 1850 MHz-1915 MHz 1930
MHz-1995 MHz FDD 26 814 MHz-849 MHz 859 MHz-894 MHz FDD 27 807
MHz-824 MHz 852 MHz-869 MHz FDD 28 703 MHz-748 MHz 758 MHz-803 MHz
FDD 29 N/A N/A 717 MHz-728 MHz FDD . . . 33 1900 MHz-1920 MHz 1900
MHz-1920 MHz TDD 34 2010 MHz-2025 MHz 2010 MHz-2025 MHz TDD 35 1850
MHz-1910 MHz 1850 MHz-1910 MHz TDD 36 1930 MHz-1990 MHz 1930
MHz-1990 MHz TDD 37 1910 MHz-1930 MHz 1910 MHz-1930 MHz TDD 38 2570
MHz-2620 MHz 2570 MHz-2620 MHz TDD 39 1880 MHz-1920 MHz 1880
MHz-1920 MHz TDD 40 2300 MHz-2400 MHz 2300 MHz-2400 MHz TDD 41 2496
MHz-2690 MHz 2496 MHz-2690 MHz TDD 42 3400 MHz-3600 MHz 3400
MHz-3600 MHz TDD 43 3600 MHz-3800 MHz 3600 MHz-3800 MHz TDD 44 703
MHz-803 MHz 703 MHz-803 MHz TDD
[0112] Meanwhile, in the 3GPP LTE system, operating bands for
uplink and downlink as Table 2 above is defined. Four cases of FIG.
10 and FIG. 11 are separated based on Table 2.
[0113] Here, F.sub.UL.sub.--.sub.low means the lowest frequency of
the uplink operating band. In addition, F.sub.UL.sub.--.sub.high
means the highest frequency of the uplink operating band. Also,
F.sub.DL.sub.--.sub.low means the lowest frequency of the downlink
operating band. In addition, F.sub.DL.sub.--.sub.high means the
lowest frequency of the uplink operating band.
[0114] When the operating band has been defined as Table 2.
Frequency distribution organizations in each country can assign
specific frequencies to service providers according to situation of
each country.
[0115] Meanwhile, CA band classes and corresponding guard band are
shown in Table 3 below.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Aggregated Maximum Bandwidth Transmission
Bandwidth number of Nominal Guard) Band Class Configuration) CC
BW.sub.GB A N.sub.RB,agg .ltoreq. 100 1 0.05BW.sub.Channel(1) B
N.sub.RB,agg .ltoreq. 100 2 FFS C 100 < N.sub.RB,agg .ltoreq.
200 2 0.05 max(BW.sub.Channel(1), BW.sub.Channel(2)) D 200 <
N.sub.RB,agg .ltoreq. [300] FFS FFS E [300] < N.sub.RB,agg
.ltoreq. [400] FFS FFS F 400 < N.sub.RB,agg .ltoreq. [500] FFS
FFS
[0116] In the table above, the brackets [ ] has not been clearly
determined, and indicates that it may be changed. The FFS makes
shorter as For Further Study. The N.sub.RB.sub.--.sub.agg is the
number of aggregated RBs within the aggregation channel band.
[0117] Table 4 below represents a set of bandwidth corresponding to
each CA Configuration.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 E-UTRA CA configuration/Bandwidth
combination set Maximum 75RB + 75RB aggregated Bandwidth E-UTRA CA
50RB + 100RB (15 MHz + 75RB + 100RB 100RB + 100RB bandwidth
Combination configuration (10 MHz + 20 MHz) 15 MHz) (15 MHz + 20
MHz) (20 MHz + 20 MHz) [MHz] Set CA_1C Yes Yes 40 0 CA_7C Yes Yes
40 0 CA_38C Yes Yes 40 0 CA_40C Yes Yes Yes 40 0 CA_41C Yes Yes Yes
Yes 40 0
[0118] In above table, the CA configuration represents the
operating band and the CA bandwidth. For example, the CA.sub.--1C
means the operating band of Table 2 the CA band class C of Table 3.
Bands that do not represent in table above may be applied to all CA
operating class.
[0119] FIG. 12 shows an unwanted emission, FIG. 13 concretely shows
emission in an external band of the unwanted emission shown in FIG.
12, and FI G. 14 shows a relationship between a resource block (RB)
and a channel band (MHz) shown in FIG. 12.
[0120] As can be seen in FIG. 12, any transmitter transmits signals
on the channel bandwidth assigned within any E-UTRA bands.
[0121] Here, the channel bandwidth may be defined as can be seen in
FIG. 14. In other words, a transmission bandwidth configuration may
be made smaller than the channel bandwidth (BW.sub.Channel). The
transmission bandwidth configuration may be made by a plurality of
resource blocks (RBs). In addition, an channel edge may be the
highest and lowest frequencies separated by the channel
bandwidth.
[0122] Meanwhile, in the 3GPP LTE system as described above, 1.4
MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz and 20 MHz may be supported as
the channel bandwidth. The relationship between this channel
bandwidth and the number of resource blocks is shown in Table 5
below.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 channel 1.4 3 5 10 15 20 bandwidth
BW.sub.Channel [MHz] Transmission 6 15 25 50 75 100 bandwidth
configuration N.sub.RB
[0123] Referring again to FIG. 12, the unwanted emission occurs in
bands of .DELTA.f.sub.OOB. In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, the
unwanted emission occurs even on a spurious area. Here, the
.DELTA.f.sub.OOB means the size of the frequency of the Out Of Band
(OOB). Meanwhile, the emission on the OOB means that it generates
in bands adjacent to the intended transmission bands. The spurious
emission means that the unwanted waves are emitted to frequency
bands away from the intended transmission bands.
[0124] Meanwhile, the 3GPP release 10 has defined a basic spurious
emission (SE) that does not exceed the minimum depending on the
frequency range.
[0125] On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13, if the transmission
is performed in the E-UTRA channel band 1301, the leakage occurs in
the OOBs (1302, 1303 and 1304 in shown the f.sub.OOB area), that
the unwanted emission occurs.
[0126] Here, when the terminal performs a transmission on the
E-UTRA channel 1301, UTRA.sub.ACLR1 is a ratio leaked to the UTRA
channel, i.e., the adjacent channel 1302, that is, a channel
leakage ratio, if the immediately adjacent channel 1302 is for the
UTRA. In addition, the UTRA.sub.ACLR2 is a ratio leaked to the
adjacent channel 1303, i.e., UTRA channel, i.e., that is, an
adjacent channel leakage ratio, if the channel 1303 located next to
the adjacent channel 1302 is for the UTRA, as shown in FIG. 13. In
addition, the E-UTRA.sub.ACLR is a ratio leaked to the adjacent
channel 1304, i.e., UTRA channel, i.e., that is, an adjacent
channel leakage ratio, when the terminal transmits from the E-UTRA
channel 1301.
[0127] As described above, if the transmission is performed on the
assigned channel band, the unwanted emission occurs to the adjacent
channels.
[0128] Here, the interference caused by transmission of the base
station can be reduced to less than the criterion that allows the
amount of the interference to be input into the adjacent band
according to the RF filter design of the expensive and large size
due to the nature of the base station. Meanwhile, in the case of
the terminal, the interference to be input into the adjacent band
is difficult to avoid completely due to limitation of the size of
the terminal and limitation of the cost of the power amplifier or
pre-duplex filter elements.
[0129] Thus, the limitation of transmission power of the terminal
is required.
[0130] FIG. 15 illustrates an example of a method for limiting
transmission power of a terminal.
[0131] As can be seen in FIG. 15(a), the terminal 100 performs
transmission by limiting the transmission power.
[0132] If the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is high, the
linearity of the power amplifier (PA) degrades accordingly.
Accordingly, in order to maintain this linearity, the value of the
maximum power reduction (MPR) to limit the transmission power may
be a maximum of 2 dB according to the modulation methods.
[0133] This is shown in Table 6 below.
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Channel bandwidth/Transmission bandwidth
(N.sub.RB) MPR Modulation 1.4 MHz 3.0 MHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20
MHz (dB) QPSK >5 >4 >8 >12 >16 >18 .ltoreq.1 16
QAM .ltoreq.5 .ltoreq.4 .ltoreq.8 .ltoreq.12 .ltoreq.16 .ltoreq.18
.ltoreq.1 16 QAM >5 >4 >8 >12 >16 >18
.ltoreq.2
[0134] Table 6 above represents values of MPR for the power classes
1 and 3.
[0135] <MPR According to 3GPP Release 11>
[0136] Meanwhile, the terminal according to the 3GPP release 11
adopts multi-clustered transmission in a single component carrier
(CC) and transmit the PUSCH and the PUCCH at the same time. As
such, if the PUSCH and the PUCCH are simultaneously transmitted,
the size of the IM3 component (means distortion signals generated
due to inter-modulation) generated in the 00B area is greater than
the size of the existing. Accordingly, since the larger
interference is applied in the adjacent band, the terminal can set
the MPR value as below such that a general spurious emission, an
adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and a general Spectrum
Emission Mask (SEM) are satisfied which are emission requirements
of the terminal to be transmitted in the uplink by the
terminal.
MPR=CEIL{M.sub.A,0.5} [Equation 1]
[0137] Where, M.sub.A is as follows:
[0138] M.sub.A=[8.0]-[10.12]A; 0<A.ltoreq.[0.33] [0139]
[5.67]-[3.07]A; [0.33]<A.ltoreq.[0.77] [0140] [3.31];
[0.77]<A.ltoreq.[1.0]
[0141] Where, A is as follows:
[0142] A=N.sub.RB.sub.--.sub.alloc/N.sub.RB.
[0143] The N.sub.RB.sub.--.sub.agg is the number of RBs in the
channel band, and the N.sub.RB.sub.--.sub.alloc represents the
total number of the RBs to be transmitted at the same time.
[0144] The CEIL{M.sub.A, 0.5} means a function that rounds off in
0.5 dB unit. That is, MPR.epsilon.[3.0, 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5
7.0 7.5 8.0].
[0145] The MPR value shown in Equation 1 is a MPR value applied
when using the general power amplifier (PA). If high-efficiency PA
in a recent study is used, the MPR value of the larger level may be
necessary.
[0146] <MPR According to CA>
[0147] On the other hand, considering the CA, the channel bandwidth
of the uplink may be increased to the maximum of 40 MHz (20 MHz+20
MHz) and accordingly, there is a need for the larger MPR value.
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 6 CA bandwidth Class C Mod- 50 RB +100 75 RB +
75 75 RB + 100 100 RB + 100 MPR ulation RB RB RB RB (dB) QPSK
>12 and .ltoreq.50 >16 and .ltoreq.75 >16 and .ltoreq.75
>18 and .ltoreq.100 .ltoreq.1 QPSK >50 >75 >75 >100
.ltoreq.2 16 QAM .ltoreq.12 .ltoreq.16 .ltoreq.16 .ltoreq. 18
.ltoreq.1 16 QAM >12 and .ltoreq.50 >16 and .ltoreq.75 >16
and .ltoreq.75 >18 and .ltoreq.100 .ltoreq.2 16 QAM >50
>75 >75 >100 .ltoreq.3
[0148] Table 6 above represents the MPR value for the power class
3.
[0149] In a case of the class C of intra continuous CA as shown in
Table 6, the maximum MPR value of 3 dB can be applied according to
the modulation scheme. Meanwhile, when considering multi-cluster
transmission under the CA class C environment, the MPR value should
be satisfied as follows:
MPR=CEIL{M.sub.A,0.5} [Equation 2]
[0150] Where, M.sub.A is as follows:
[0151] MA=8.2; 0.ltoreq.A.ltoreq.0.025 [0152] 9.2-40 A;
0.025.ltoreq.A.ltoreq.0.05 [0153] 8-16 A; 0.05.ltoreq.A.ltoreq.0.25
[0154] 4.83-3.33 A; 0.25.ltoreq.A.ltoreq.0.4, [0155] 3.83-0.83 A;
0.4.ltoreq.A.ltoreq.1,
[0156] <A-MPR according to LTE>
[0157] As can be seen in shown in FIG. 15(b), in order to apply an
additional maximum power reduction (A-MPR), the base station can
transmit the network signal (NS) to the terminal (100).
[0158] By transmitting the network signal (NS) to the terminal 100
operating in a specific operating band, the base station can
instruct the terminal 100 to further reduce the power, in order to
avoid interference to the adjacent bands unlike the above-mentioned
MPR. In other words, when the terminal applying the MPR receives
the network signal NS, the terminal determines the transmission
power by further applying the A-MPR.
[0159] FIG. 16 illustrates an example generating an interference
when any provider uses an band adjacent to a band of another
operator.
[0160] As can be seen in FIG. 16(a), let's assumed that while the
operator A provides a service using the uplink assigned as 1920
MHz.about.1980 MHz, and the downlink assigned as 2110
MHz.about.2170 MHz in the operating band 1 shown in Table 2, the
operator B provides a service using the 1884.5 MHz to 1915.7 MHz.
The band of 1884.5 MHz to 1915.7 MHz is used in Japan for a
personal handy-phone system (PHS).
[0161] In even such circumstance, as shown in FIG. 16(b), in a case
where the operator A and the operator B being serviced in a
specific area at the same time, if the terminal of the operator A
performs the transmission to the base station through the uplink
band, that is, 1920 MHz to 1980 MHz bands, the spurious emission
occurs and accordingly, the bands of the operator B, that is,
1884.5 MHz to 1915.7 MHz is interfered. As such, the unwanted
emission occurs to the bands adjacent to each other.
[0162] Therefore, in order that the amount of interference caused
by the spurious emission of the terminal does not exceed an
allowable value, the method to limit the transmission power of the
terminal or the allocation number of transmission resource blocks
is required. However, simply reducing the transmission power causes
reducing the service coverage. Accordingly, it is required to
reduce the transmission power at an appropriate level.
[0163] Now, according to one embodiment of the present invention,
the transmission power control method will be described based on
the results of the experiment.
[0164] FIGS. 17 through FIG. 19 show simulation results according
to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0165] In the experiment, in order to protect the band for the PHS
and the adjacent band 34 by the terminal that being operated in the
Band 1 shown in Table 2, when the CA_NS.sub.--01 is come down, how
the A-MPR values may be needed is simulated.
[0166] The required A-MPR levels for multi-clustered simultaneous
transmission for CA.sub.--1C to protect Band 34 and PHS band are
simulated according to the number of allocated RB and started RB
position of uplink of operating bands. From the simulation, there
are provided the required A-MPR values for 16QAM based on the RB
start position and the number of contiguous RB allocation. The
required A-MPR masks are determined meeting Tx requirements such as
ACLR, additional SEM and additional SE. The basic RF simulation
assumptions and parameters are given below;
[0167] Basic simulation assumption and parameters are as
follows:
[0168] A. Channel Combination for CA.sub.--1C [0169] 20 MHz (100
RBs)+20 MHz (100 RBs): Center frequency: 1960 MHz [0170] 15 MHz (75
RBs)+15 MHz (75 RBs): Center frequency: 1955 MHz
[0171] B. Modulator Impairments [0172] I/Q imbalance: 25 dBc [0173]
Carrier leakage: 25 dBc [0174] Counter IM3: 60 dBc
[0175] C. ACLR Requirement
[0176] The ACLR requirements are exemplary shown in below
table.
TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 7 Channel arrangement Minimum channel spacing
with 1 MHz Guard band UTRA.sub.ACLR1 33 dB Adjacent channel center
+10 + BW.sub.UTRA/2 or -10 - BW.sub.UTRA/2 frequency offset (in
MHz) UTRA.sub.ACLR2 36 dB Adjacent channel center +10 +
3*BW.sub.UTRA/2 or -10 -3* BW.sub.UTRA/2 frequency offset (in MHz)
UTRA 5 MHz channel.sup.1 3.84 MHz Measurement bandwidth
E-UTRA.sub.ACLR 30 dB Adjacent channel center +20 or -20/+15 or -15
frequency offset (in MHz) E-UTRA channel /13.5 MHz Measurement
bandwidth
[0177] D. General SEM Requirement for Nominal Bandwidth of 39.8
MHz
[0178] The general SEM requirement for nominal bandwidth of 39.8
MHz is exemplary shown in below table.
TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 8 Spectrum emission limit
[dBm]/BW.sub.Channel_CA .DELTA.f.sub.OOB 29.9 30 34.85 39.8
Measurement (MHz) MHz MHz MHz MHz bandwidth .+-.0-1 -22.5 -22.5
-23.5 -24 30 kHz .+-.1-5 -10 -10 -10 -10 1 MHz .+-.5-29.9 -13 -13
-13 -13 1 MHz .+-.29.9-30 -25 -13 -13 -13 1 MHz .+-.30-34.85 -25
-25 -13 -13 1 MHz .+-.34.85-34.9 -25 -25 -25 -13 1 MHz .+-.34.9-35
-25 -25 -13 1 MHz .+-.35-39.8 -25 -13 1 MHz .+-.39.8-39.85 -25 -25
1 MHz .+-.39.85-44.8 -25 1 MHz
[0179] E. General Spurious Emission Requirement
[0180] The general Spurious Emission requirement is exemplary shown
in below table.
TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 9 Frequency Range Maximum Level Measurement
Bandwidth 9 kHz .ltoreq. f < 150 kHz -36 dBm 1 kHz 150 kHz
.ltoreq. f < 30 MHz -36 dBm 10 kHz 30 MHz .ltoreq. f < 1000
MHz -36 dBm 100 kHz 1 GHz .ltoreq. f < 12.75 GHz -30 dBm 1
MHz
[0181] PA operating point: Pout=21 dBm when full RBs allocated in
3GPP release 8 100 RB 16QAM
[0182] To verify the required A-MPR values for terminal to terminal
coexistence requirement in the tables below, RF simulation was
performed according to the RB started position and number of
contiguous RB.
[0183] The simulation parameters are below as
[0184] A. Additional Spurious Emissions.
[0185] For Band 34: SE level for terminal to terminal coexistence
(-50+15-2=-37 dBm/MHz) [0186] Duplexer attenuation: 15 dB [0187]
Duplexer insertion loss: 2 dB
[0188] For PHS band: SE level for terminal to terminal coexistence
(-41+2-2=-41 dBm/300 kHz) [0189] Duplexer attenuation: 2 dB [0190]
Duplexer insertion loss: 2 dB
[0191] Table 10 and 11 show the additional SE requirements to meet
the terminal to terminal coexistence environments. In more detail,
table 10 shows SE band of terminal to terminal coexistence and
table 11 shows an additional SE requirements (PHS) for
CA_NS.sub.--01.
TABLE-US-00011 TABLE 10 Spurious emission Maximum E-UTRA CA
Protected Frequency range Level MBW Configuration band (MHz) (dBm)
(MHz) CA_1C E-UTRA Band 1, 3, F.sub.DL_low-F.sub.DL_high -50 1 7,
8, 9, 11, 20, 21, 22, 38, 40, 42, 43 E-UTRA band 33
F.sub.DL_low-F.sub.DL_high -50 1 E-UTRA band 34
F.sub.DL_low-F.sub.DL_high -50 1 E-UTRA band 39
F.sub.DL_low-F.sub.DL_high -50 1 Frequency range 1884.5-1915.7 -41
0.3 for PHS CA_40C E-UTRA Band 1, 3, F.sub.DL_low-F.sub.DL_high -50
1 33, 34, 39, 42, 43
[0192] F.sub.DL.sub.--.sub.low and F.sub.DL.sub.--.sub.high refer
to each E-UTRA frequency band specified in Table 2
TABLE-US-00012 TABLE 11 Frequency range Maximum Level MBW Protected
band (MHz) (dBm) (MHz) E-UTRA band F.sub.DL_low-F.sub.DL_high -50 1
34 Frequency range 1884.5-1915.7 -41 0.3
[0193] For measurement conditions at the edge of each frequency
range, the lowest frequency of the measurement position in each
frequency range should be set at the lowest boundary of the
frequency range plus MBW/2. The highest frequency of the
measurement position in each frequency range should be set at the
highest boundary of the frequency range minus MBW/2. MBW denotes
the measurement bandwidth (300 kHz).
[0194] From the RF simulation, the A-MPR mask is evaluated to meet
the band specific SE and/or terminal to terminal coexistence. FIG.
17 is the RF simulation results for required A-MPR values for
2.times.20 MHz intra-contiguous CA.sub.--1C with 16QAM to protect
PHS band and Band34 when 1 RB is allocated in the nearest edge of
the PHS Band or B34. From the simulation results, it is shown that
the maximum required A-MPR value is about 11 dB (22-10.38=11.62) to
satisfy the PHS and B34 coexistence requirements.
[0195] FIG. 18 shows the RF simulation results for requires A-MPR
values for 2.times.20 MHz intra-contiguous CA.sub.--1C with 16QAM
to protect PHS band and Band34.
[0196] FIG. 18 illustrates required A-MPR values for several ten
thousand simulations as a three-dimensional graph according to the
RB position and the number of the RB from the 1 RB+1 RB
configurations to 100 RBs+100 RBs configurations, where the X-axis
represents the value for the RB start position, the Y-axis
represents the allocated number of RBs, and the Z-axis represents
the A-MPR value accordingly. In more detail, FIG. 18 shows
simulation results for required A-MPR values for multi-clustered
simultaneous transmission of 2.times.20 MHz CA.sub.--1C in 16-QAM
modulation.
[0197] FIG. 19 shows simulation results for required A-MPR values
for multi-clustered simultaneous transmission of 2.times.15 MHz
CA.sub.--1C in 16-QAM modulation
[0198] From the analyzed simulation results, the A-MPR values can
be summered as such below table to satisfy both PHS band and Band
34 terminal to terminal coexistence requirement for
CA.sub.--1C.
TABLE-US-00013 TABLE 12 A-MPR for RB_start + L_CRB QPSK and CA_1C
RB_Start L_CRB [RBs] [RBs] 16-QAM[dB] 100 RB/ [0]-[20] &
>[0] n/a .ltoreq.[11.5] dB 100 RB [190]-[199] [21]-[158]
>[145] n/a .ltoreq.[3.0] dB [159]-[189] n/a >[190]
.ltoreq.[4.0] dB 75 RB/ [0]-[12] [0] < L_CRB .ltoreq. [10] n/a
.ltoreq.[10.0] dB 75 RB >[10] n/a .ltoreq.[5.0] dB [13]-[40]
& [1] n/a .ltoreq.[3] dB [111]-[149] [41]-[110] n/a >[150]
.ltoreq.[2] dB
[0199] RB.sub.--start indicates the lowest RB index of transmitted
resource blocks. L.sub.--CRB is the length of a contiguous resource
block allocation
[0200] Alternatively, from the analyzed simulation results, the
A-MPR values also can be summered as such below table to satisfy
both PHS band and Band 34 terminal to terminal coexistence
requirement for CA.sub.--1C.
TABLE-US-00014 TABLE 13 RB_start + A-MPR for QPSK CA_1C RB_Start
L_CRB [RBs] L_CRB [RBs] and 16-QAM[dB] 100 RB / 0-23 & >0
n/a .ltoreq.12.0 100RB 176-199 24-105 >64 n/a .ltoreq.6.0
106-175 n/a >175 .ltoreq.5.0 75 RB/ 0-6 & 0 < L_CRB
.ltoreq. 10 n/a .ltoreq.11.0 75 RB 143-149 >10 n/a .ltoreq.6.0
7-90 >44 n/a .ltoreq.5.0 91-142 n/a >142 .ltoreq.2.0
[0201] If the UE is configured to CA.sub.--1C and it receives IE
CA_NS.sub.--01 the allowed maximum output power reduction applied
to transmissions on the PCell and the SCell due to multi-cluster
transmission is defined as follows
A-MPR=CEIL{MA,0.5}
[0202] Where M.sub.A is defined as follows
MA = - 26.66 A + 17 , 0 .ltoreq. A < 0.15 = - 8.24 A + 14.24 ,
0.15 .ltoreq. A .ltoreq. 1 ] ##EQU00001##
[0203] All values proposed in the table above are the inferred
values by means of the results of the simulation above and the
specific values may be an example.
[0204] In addition, in the required A-MPR values, the RB position
and the number of RBs proposed in the graph above, the flexibility
exists within the range of some error.
[0205] Until now, in order to protect the PHS band and band 34, the
required A-MPR values are explained based on the results of the
experiment by means of the simulation.
[0206] Hereinafter, the operation will be described.
[0207] FIG. 20 illustrates a process of transferring system
information. Referring to FIG. 20(a), let's assumed that while
servicing the uplink assigned as 1920 MHz.about.1980 MHz, and the
downlink assigned as 2110 MHz.about.2170 MHz in the operating band
1 shown in Table 2 representing the operator A, the operator B
services by being assigned as the 1884.5 MHz to 1915.7 MHz. The
band of 1884.5 MHz to 1915.7 MHz is used in Japan for a personal
handy-phone system (PHS).
[0208] In such circumstance, as shown in FIG. 20(b), the base
station 200 of the operator A transmits a master information block
(MIB) and a system information block (SIB) to the terminal 100.
[0209] The system information block (SIB) may include one or more
of information about the operating band while using by own of the
operating bands shown in Table 2, information about the uplink (UL)
bandwidth, and information about the uplink (UL) carrier frequency.
The information about the uplink (UL) bandwidth may include the
number of the resource block (RB). In the example of FIG. 20, the
terminal 100 receives information about the operating band 1
through the system information block (SIB).
[0210] On the other hand, the terminal 100 receives the setting on
the CA from the base station 200. In this case, the set CA is
corresponded to an intra-band continuous CA. In addition, the
bandwidth class of the CA is corresponded to the C class of Table
3. Accordingly, the terminal 100 operates according to the
CA.sub.--1C.
[0211] If such the terminal 100 receives the network signal, for
example, CA_NS.sub.--01 from the base station 200, the transmission
performs by applying the A-MPR according to Table 12 or Table
13.
[0212] On the other hand, referring to FIG. 20(c), the sub-frames
where the MIB, the SIB and the SI are transmitted represent for
illustrative purposes. The MIB and the SIB are transmitted with a
period of 40 ms and 80 ms, respectively. The SI messages are
transmitted with another period according to a schedule. In FIG.
20(c), it is shown that the MIB, SIB and Sis are all transmitted on
the radio frame that the system frame number (SFN) is zero, as an
example.
[0213] The embodiments of the present invention described above may
be implemented through a variety of means. For example, the
embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by
hardware, a firmware, software or a combination thereof.
[0214] FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing a wireless communication
system to implement an embodiment of the present invention.
[0215] A terminal 100 includes a processor 101, memory 102, and a
radio frequency (RF) unit 103. The memory 102 is connected to the
processor 101 and configured to store various information used for
the operations for the processor 101. The RF unit 103 is connected
to the processor 101 and configured to send and/or receive a radio
signal. The processor 101 implements the proposed functions,
processed, and/or methods. In the described embodiments, the
operation of the terminal may be implemented by the processor
101.
[0216] A BS 200 includes a processor 201, memory 202, and an RF
unit 203. The memory 202 is connected to the processor 201 and
configured to store various information used for the operations for
the processor 201. The RF unit 203 is connected to the processor
201 and configured to send and/or receive a radio signal. The
processor 201 implements the proposed functions, processed, and/or
methods. In the described embodiments, the operation of the BS may
be implemented by the processor 201.
[0217] The processor may include Application-Specific Integrated
Circuits (ASICs), other chipsets, logic circuits, and/or data
processors. The memory may include Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random
Access Memory (RAM), flash memory, memory cards, storage media
and/or other storage devices. The RF unit may include a baseband
circuit for processing a radio signal. When the above-described
embodiment is implemented in software, the above-described scheme
may be implemented using a module (process or function) which
performs the above function. The module may be stored in the memory
and executed by the processor. The memory may be disposed to the
processor internally or externally and connected to the processor
using a variety of well-known means.
[0218] In the above exemplary systems, although the methods have
been described on the basis of the flowcharts using a series of the
steps or blocks, the present invention is not limited to the
sequence of the steps, and some of the steps may be performed at
different sequences from the remaining steps or may be performed
simultaneously with the remaining steps. Furthermore, those skilled
in the art will understand that the steps shown in the flowcharts
are not exclusive and may include other steps or one or more steps
of the flowcharts may be deleted without affecting the scope of the
present invention.
* * * * *