U.S. patent application number 13/562984 was filed with the patent office on 2014-02-06 for package navigation using contrasting graphics.
The applicant listed for this patent is Jennifer Lea Bacon, David Glen Biggs, Akrit Malik, Susan Mary Oates. Invention is credited to Jennifer Lea Bacon, David Glen Biggs, Akrit Malik, Susan Mary Oates.
Application Number | 20140034538 13/562984 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 50024426 |
Filed Date | 2014-02-06 |
United States Patent
Application |
20140034538 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Biggs; David Glen ; et
al. |
February 6, 2014 |
Package Navigation Using Contrasting Graphics
Abstract
A package includes an outer structure having at least one
display face having a pointer region and a focal region, wherein
the pointer region has a pointer pattern having a pointer pattern
complexity value and the focal region has a focal pattern having a
focal pattern complexity value, wherein the difference between the
pointer pattern complexity value and the focal pattern complexity
value is at least 3 for measurements in millimeters. A portion of
the pointer region points toward the focal region. The pointer
region can have a first end and a second end, wherein the pointer
region tapers from the second end to the first end, and wherein the
first end is adjacent the focal region.
Inventors: |
Biggs; David Glen; (Neenah,
WI) ; Bacon; Jennifer Lea; (Broomfield, CO) ;
Malik; Akrit; (Appleton, WI) ; Oates; Susan Mary;
(Appleton, WI) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Biggs; David Glen
Bacon; Jennifer Lea
Malik; Akrit
Oates; Susan Mary |
Neenah
Broomfield
Appleton
Appleton |
WI
CO
WI
WI |
US
US
US
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
50024426 |
Appl. No.: |
13/562984 |
Filed: |
July 31, 2012 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
206/459.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D 5/4212 20130101;
B65D 85/00 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
206/459.1 |
International
Class: |
B65D 85/00 20060101
B65D085/00 |
Claims
1. A package comprising an outer structure having at least one
display face, the display face having a pointer region and a focal
region, wherein the pointer region has a pointer pattern having a
pointer pattern complexity value and the focal region has a focal
pattern having a focal pattern complexity value, wherein the
difference between the pointer pattern complexity value and the
focal pattern complexity value is at least 3 for measurements in
millimeters, and wherein a portion of the pointer region points
toward the focal region.
2. The package of claim 1, wherein a portion of the pointer region
tapers from a second end to a first end, wherein the first end is
adjacent the focal region.
3. The package of claim 1, wherein the difference between the
pointer pattern complexity value and the focal pattern complexity
value is at least 5 for measurements in millimeters.
4. The package of claim 1, wherein the difference between the
pointer pattern complexity value and the focal pattern complexity
value is at least 10 for measurements in millimeters.
5. The package of claim 1, wherein the focal region has a
background color having a lowest L* value and the pointer region
has a background color having a lowest L* value, wherein the lowest
L* value for the background color of the focal region is at least
10 less than the lowest L* value for the background color of the
pointer region.
6. The package of claim 1, further comprising a navigation panel
wherein the navigation panel is integral with the focal region.
7. The package of claim 6, wherein the navigation panel does not
have a printed pattern.
8. The package of claim 1, wherein the navigation panel is
completely surrounded by the focal region.
9. The package of claim 1, further comprising a brand graphic
located within the focal region.
10. The package of claim 1, wherein the pointer pattern complexity
value is less than 2.
11. The package of claim 10, wherein the focal pattern complexity
value is at least 10.
12. A package comprising: an outer structure having at least one
display face, the display face having a pointer region and a focal
region, wherein the pointer region has a pointer pattern having a
pointer pattern complexity value and the focal region has no
pattern and a theoretical focal region complexity value, wherein
the difference between the pointer pattern complexity value and the
focal region complexity value is at least 3 for measurements in
millimeters, wherein a portion of the pointer region points toward
the focal region.
13. A package for personal care articles, the package comprising:
an interior space; a plurality of individually-wrapped personal
care articles disposed in the interior space; and a front panel
including a focal region that identifies an aspect of the personal
care articles, and a pointer region having a first end and a second
end, wherein the pointer region tapers from the second end to the
first end, and wherein the first end is adjacent the focal region,
wherein the pointer region has a pointer pattern having a pointer
pattern complexity value and the focal region has a focal pattern
having a focal pattern complexity value, and wherein the difference
between the pointer pattern complexity value and the focal pattern
complexity value is at least 3 for measurements in millimeters.
14. The package of claim 13, wherein the pointer region has a
perimeter, and wherein a point on the perimeter of the pointer
region defines a tangent that intersects the focal region.
15. The package of claim 13, wherein at least a portion of the
pointer region defines a longitudinal centerline that intersects
the focal region.
16. The package of claim 13, wherein the focal region has a
background color having a lowest L* value, the pointer region has a
first background color having a lowest L* value, wherein the lowest
L* value for the background color of the focal region is at least
10 less than the lowest L* value for the first background color of
the pointer region.
17. The package of claim 13, wherein the display face includes a
navigation panel, the navigation panel defines a navigation panel
area and a majority of the navigation panel area is located within
the focal region.
18. The package of claim 17, wherein the navigation panel includes
a printed pattern having a navigation panel pattern complexity
value of at least 2 more for measurements in millimeters than the
pattern complexity value of the focal pattern.
19. The package of claim 17, wherein the focal region has a
background color having a lowest L* value, the pointer region has a
first background color having a lowest L* value, and the navigation
panel has a navigation background color having a lowest L* value,
wherein the lowest L* value for the background color of the focal
region is at least 10 less than the lowest L* value for the
background color of the first pointer region, and the lowest L*
value for the background color of the focal region is at least 10
less than the lowest L* value for the background color of the
navigation panel.
20. A package comprising an outer structure having at least one
display face, the display face having a pointer region, a focal
region, and a border region adjoining the pointer region, wherein
the pointer region has a pointer pattern having a pointer pattern
complexity value and the border region has a border pattern having
a border region pattern complexity value, wherein the difference
between the pointer pattern complexity value and the border pattern
complexity value is at least 3 for measurements in millimeters, and
wherein a portion of the pointer region points toward the focal
region.
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] Packaging for consumer products often serves multiple
purposes. For example, the packaging can describe the product
located within the packaging, communicate the manufacturer of the
product, and provide a convenient method for transporting multiple
products. Additionally, packaging can provide navigational cues to
assist consumers in finding their products quickly and easily.
[0002] Some women during the perimenopause and menopause experience
a hormonal deficient disorder that affects their ability to focus
their concentration. This disorder is sometimes referred to as
Menopausal Attention Deficient Disorder (MADD), and can create a
situation in which additional stimulus is required to get and keep
their attention. This disorder requires different or more
stimulating navigation to allow the women to properly navigate
their product choices.
[0003] Navigation skills can be different between
perimenopausal/menopausal women and others due in part to aging but
also to the results of going through this transition.
SUMMARY
[0004] Therefore, a need still exists for a navigational aid that
allows these women to intuitively navigate their perimenopausal and
menopausal solutions. The inventors have conducted extensive
research that found a need for additional levels of complexity to
grab their attentions of perimenopausal and menopausal women.
Adding complexity to navigational features through the use of
contrast accrues the benefit of grabbing the attention of such a
consumer without reducing the ease of product navigation. Using
complexity in this way can also target such a consumer without
grabbing the attention of others, which can add discretion for such
consumers.
[0005] Easy product navigation typically is thought to result from
simple, bold, and clear navigational cues. Simple navigational cue,
however, generally lack complexity by definition. A solution is to
provide the extra stimulation described herein through selective
introduction of complexity into the navigational aids on packaging
and in merchandising. Selectively adding complexity creates a
contrast in complexity that focuses women's attention on the
intuitive navigational information.
[0006] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a package
including an outer structure having at least one display face, the
display face having a pointer region and a focal region, wherein
the pointer region has a pointer pattern having a pointer pattern
complexity value and the focal region has a focal pattern having a
focal pattern complexity value, wherein the difference between the
pointer pattern complexity value and the focal pattern complexity
value is at least 3 for measurements in millimeters, and wherein a
portion of the pointer region points toward the focal region.
[0007] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a package
including an outer structure having at least one display face, the
display face having a pointer region and a focal region, wherein
the pointer region has a pointer pattern having a pointer pattern
complexity value and the focal region has no pattern and a
theoretical focal region complexity value, wherein the difference
between the pointer pattern complexity value and the focal region
complexity value is at least 3 for measurements in millimeters,
wherein a portion of the pointer region points toward the focal
region.
[0008] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a package
for personal care articles, the package including an interior
space; a plurality of individually-wrapped personal care articles
disposed in the interior space; and a front panel including a focal
region that identifies an aspect of the personal care articles. The
front panel also includes a pointer region having a first end and a
second end, wherein the pointer region tapers from the second end
to the first end, and wherein the first end is adjacent the focal
region, wherein the pointer region has a pointer pattern having a
pointer pattern complexity value and the focal region has a focal
pattern having a focal pattern complexity value, and wherein the
difference between the pointer pattern complexity value and the
focal pattern complexity value is at least 3 for measurements in
millimeters.
[0009] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a package
including an outer structure having at least one display face, the
display face having a pointer region, a focal region, and a border
region adjoining the pointer region, wherein the pointer region has
a pointer pattern having a pointer pattern complexity value and the
border region has a border pattern having a border region pattern
complexity value, wherein the difference between the pointer
pattern complexity value and the border pattern complexity value is
at least 3 for measurements in millimeters, and wherein a portion
of the pointer region points toward the focal region.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] The foregoing and other features and aspects of the present
disclosure and the manner of attaining them will become more
apparent, and the disclosure itself will be better understood by
reference to the following description, appended claims and
accompanying drawings, where:
[0011] FIG. 1 representatively illustrates a perspective view of a
first exemplary package of the present disclosure;
[0012] FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of exemplary apparatus
set up to measure Pattern Complexity Values; and
[0013] FIG. 3 representatively illustrates a perspective view of a
second exemplary package of the present disclosure.
[0014] Repeat use of reference characters in the present
specification and drawings is intended to represent the same or
analogous features or elements of the present disclosure. The
drawings are representational and are not necessarily drawn to
scale. Certain proportions thereof might be exaggerated, while
others might be minimized.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] The present disclosure provides packaging for use with any
suitable products. For example, the present disclosure provides
packaging for absorbent articles such as baby diapers, training
pants, feminine hygiene products, and the like. In a specific
aspect, the present disclosure provides packaging for use with
feminine incontinence articles. The present disclosure also
provides packaging graphics that make navigation easier by
selectively incorporating contrasting packaging graphics. As used
herein, the term "contrast" means to differ in pattern complexity
value, the number of colors, and/or the color intensity.
[0016] As used herein, the term "pointer" is used to describe an
element that points toward or guides a viewer's attention toward a
different element. For example, an arrow can be used as a pointer
when a pointed end of the arrow is positioned at or near another
element to which a viewer's attention should be drawn. The pointer
can be any suitable shape, size, color, dimensionality, portion of
a larger object, etc. as a pointer is defined more by its intended
function rather than its appearance.
[0017] As used herein, the term "article" or "article component" is
used to describe an item that is to be used by a consumer. For
example, articles include, without limitation, diapers, pull-up
type training pant garments, adult incontinence garments, male
incontinence products, tampons, vaginal suppositories, pantiliners,
female incontinence pads, sanitary napkins, and pessaries. These
are sometimes referred to as "personal care articles" or "absorbent
personal care articles." For the purposes of this patent, a
separate or individual peel strip that protects the adhesive is
considered to be a part of the article. If the peel strip also
serves as a wrapper, then the peel strip/wrapper is considered as a
packaging component.
[0018] As used herein, the term "packaging" or "packaging
component" is used to describe any items that are associated with
the article, but not used within the absorbency or other functional
purpose of the article. Packaging can be any items that are used to
transport, store, protect or hide the article. Examples of
packaging include, without limitation, wrappers, pouches, bags,
boxes, and the like. Typically, boxes or bags are placed on store
shelves. Generally, these boxes or bags contain a plurality of
absorbent personal care articles. These items can be referred to as
an "outer packaging component." In addition, packaging can include
an inner wrapper or pouch in which one or more absorbent personal
care articles are placed. Wrappers and pouches can be referred to
as an "inner packaging component." The wrappers or pouches can be
placed into a second packaging component, such as the outer
packaging described above. The terms "wrapper" and "pouch" are used
interchangeably herein.
[0019] As used herein, the term "element" is used to describe a
separate or individual component of a product or packaging. Product
elements can include, for example, a liner, an absorbent core, an
outer cover, an attachment system, etc. Packaging elements can
include wrapper materials, pouch materials, bag materials, bag
handles, wrappers, pouches, bags, and the like.
[0020] The term "body side" means the side that would face toward
the body of the user, regardless of whether an undergarment is
actually being worn by the user and regardless of whether there are
or might be intervening layers between the component and the body
of the user. Likewise, the term "garment side" means the side that
faces away from the body of the user, and therefore toward any
outer garments that can be worn by the user, regardless of whether
the undergarment is actually being worn by a user, regardless of
whether any such outer garments are actually worn, and regardless
of whether there might be intervening layers between the component
and any outer garment.
[0021] As used herein, the term "article" or "article component" is
used to describe an item that is to be used by a consumer. For
example, absorbent articles include without limitation diapers,
pull-up type training pant garments, adult incontinence garments,
male incontinence products, tampons, vaginal suppositories,
pantiliners, female incontinence pads, and sanitary napkins, which
are sometime referred to as "personal care articles" or "absorbent
personal care articles." For the purposes of this patent, a
separate or individual peel strip that protects the adhesive is
considered to be a part of the article. If the peel strip also
serves as a wrapper, then the peel strip/wrapper is considered as a
packaging component.
[0022] As used herein, the term "packaging" or "packaging
component" is used to describe any items that are associated with
the article, but not used within the absorbency purpose of the
article. Packaging can be any items that are used to transport,
store, protect or hide the article. Examples of packaging include,
without limitation, wrappers, pouches, bags, boxes and the like.
Typically, boxes or bags are placed on store shelves. Generally,
these boxes or bags contain a plurality of absorbent personal care
articles. These items can be referred to as an "outer packaging
component." In addition, packaging can include an inner wrapper or
pouch in which the one or more absorbent personal care articles are
placed. Wrappers and pouches can be referred to as an "inner
packaging component." These wrapper or pouches can be placed into a
second packaging component, such as the outer packaging described
above.
[0023] As used herein, the term "color" is intended to mean an
individual's perception of the spectral composition of visible
light coming from a portion of an object. Color characteristics
include hue, saturation and luminosity. Each is a separate color
characteristic. Hue is the attribute of a color that allows it to
be classified as a given color. Saturation, which is sometimes
referred to as vividness, is the intensity of the color. Saturation
is the degree of freedom from gray. Luminosity, sometimes referred
to as value, is the degree of lightness (paleness) or darkness in a
color. For example, a blue with white added is a pale color, e.g.
baby blue and blue with black added is a dark color, e.g. navy
blue.
[0024] As used herein, the term "form" is used to describe an
individual's perception of the spatial variation of visible light
due to the bulk shape and structure of a portion of an object in
three dimensions. Stated another way, form is shape and structure
of an item that distinguishes it from its surroundings that causes
a spatially discontinuous change in light that is transmitted
through or reflected from an item.
[0025] As used herein, the term "pattern" is used to describe the
individual's perception of spatial variation of visible light due
to contrasts in spatial variation of light due to the color, form,
and texture of a portion of an object incorporated into the object
by the manufactory of the elements. This contrast creates various
visual distinct regions or lines sometimes referred to as "figures"
within its surroundings sometimes referred to as "ground." Patterns
can be formed by combinations of contrasting color, form, and
texture relative to its surroundings or background. For a pattern
to be visually perceptible from its background it needs to be
visible.
[0026] As used herein, the term "visible" is intended to mean an
attribute or a feature that is visually perceived by an individual
user or consumer. Generally for a consumer or user, the attribute
should be visible in the range of about 0.25 feet (0.075 meters) to
about 3 feet (0.91 meters). For a non-consumer or non-user,
generally for an attribute to be visible, the distance should be
greater than about 3 feet (0.91 meters). As used herein,
"perceived" or "perception" is the ability to recognize an
attribute or feature when the visual angle that the attribute or
feature subtends is greater than about 5 minutes of visual arc and
less than about 45 minutes of visual arc as determined by the
following equation:
[0027] Minutes of visual arc=3438*(length of the object/distance
from object)
Where
[0028] Length of the object=size of the object measured
perpendicular to the line of sight [0029] Distance from
object=distance from the front of the eye to the object along the
line of sight [0030] A minute of visual arc is 1/60.sup.th of 1
degree.
[0031] Referring now to FIG. 1, an exemplary package 10 is
representatively illustrated. The package 10 includes an outer
structure 12 having at least one display face 14. In general, the
display face 14 is the side of the package 10 oriented towards the
consumer as the package 10 is displayed on the retail shelf. Thus,
consumers will generally be viewing the display face 14 when
selecting products in the retail environment. However, in various
aspects, one or more additional surfaces of the package 10 can be
alternately or additionally adapted to be a display face 14.
[0032] In various aspects, the outer structure 12 of the various
packages can be made of any suitable material or combination of
materials. For example, in some aspects, the outer structure 12 can
be a polyolef in film, a nonwoven material, cardstock, paperboard,
and the like and combinations thereof. In some aspects the outer
structure 12 can include one or more openings wherein the contents
of the package 10 can be visible from the outside of the package
10. For example, the outer structure 12 can include one or more
windows in one or more sides of the package 10. In various aspects,
the package 10 can have any suitable number of sides and can be
formed in any suitable shape. For example, the package 10 can
include six sides and be formed in the shape of a hexahedron as
illustrated herein.
[0033] The display face 14 includes a pointer region 16 and a focal
region 18. The pointer region 16 has a pointer pattern 20 printed
therein. The pointer pattern 20 defines a pointer pattern
complexity value. Likewise, the focal region 18 includes a focal
pattern 22 printed therein. The focal pattern 22 defines a focal
pattern complexity value. In general, a printed pattern is visibly
perceptibly different as compared to the background color. In
preferred aspects, the pointer pattern 20 is more complex than the
focal pattern 22. Thus, the pointer region 16 is visually more
complex than the focal region.
[0034] While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that
the visually complex pointer region 16 highlights or draws the
attention of the consumer to the simpler focal region 18 like a
picture frame to a picture. It is further believed that the
contrast in complexity between the pointer region 16 and the focal
region 18 helps quickly draw the consumer's eye to the focal region
18 that is usually near the center of the package 10. While other
methods of attracting the consumer's attention have been tried, it
is believed that the design complexity of the pointer region 16
draws the consumer's attention to the package 10 and the simpler
focal region 18 focuses attention on the key customer
communications such as branding and navigation.
[0035] Focusing attention is further enhanced by arranging the
pointer region 16 such that the pointer region 16 actually points
at or near the focal region 18 or another region within or adjacent
to the focal region 18. The pointer region 16 can be shaped and
positioned to enhance a consumer's viewing and understanding of the
package 10 and articles. A pointer region 16 that in essence points
to the focal region 18 directs a consumer's attention to the focal
region 18. The pointer region 16 has a first end, a second end, and
a pointer region perimeter, where the first end is disposed
adjacent to or in the vicinity of the focal region. The first end
can also abut the focal region 18. In other aspects, the first end
can overlie part of the focal region 18. In some aspects, the
pointer region 16 or a portion of the pointer region 16 defines a
pointer region longitudinal centerline, where the pointer region
longitudinal centerline is the centerline taken along the long axis
of the pointer region 16. The focal region 18 has a focal region
longitudinal centerline, where the focal region longitudinal
centerline is the centerline taken along the long axis of the focal
region 18. In one aspect, the pointer region longitudinal
centerline, if taken beyond the extent of the pointer region 16,
will intersect the focal region 18. In another aspect, the pointer
region longitudinal centerline, if taken beyond the extent of the
pointer region 16, will intersect the focal region longitudinal
centerline. In still another aspect, the pointer region
longitudinal centerline, if taken beyond the extent of the pointer
region 16, will be parallel to or co-extensive with the focal
region longitudinal centerline.
[0036] In another aspect in which the pointer region 16 has an
arcuate portion, a tangent to the perimeter taken at some point on
the perimeter can intersect the focal region 18. In yet another
aspect, a tangent to the perimeter taken at some point on the
perimeter of the pointer region 16 can intersect the focal region
longitudinal centerline. In still another aspect, a tangent to the
perimeter taken at some point on the perimeter can be parallel to
or co-extensive with the focal region longitudinal centerline.
[0037] The functionality of the packaging arrangement described
herein can be demonstrated by analyzing consumer reaction to such
packaging including the points on the packaging to which the
consumer's attention is drawn. Package design analysis can be
performed using a system such as the PRS Eye-Tracking system of
Perception Research Services International of Fort Lee, N.J.,
U.S.A. Additional information regarding this system can be found at
www.prsresearch.com, which is incorporated herein by reference to
the extent it does not conflict herewith.
[0038] Without committing to a specific causality for this effect,
it is theorized that, at least in part, the packaging arrangement
described herein enhances the natural tendency for a person to
redirect attention from complexity to simplicity. It was found that
the packaging arrangement described herein allowed a consumer to
immediately grasp the important aspects of the articles, and to
immediately identify the appropriate article type needed by the
consumer, thus minimizing the time spent examining products in the
store aisle in which such products are sold.
[0039] The complexity of a given graphic can be determined by using
the Pattern Complexity Value (PCV or complexity value) measurement
method described herein. Generally, the Pattern Complexity Value
(PCV) method determines a numeric value of complexity for a printed
graphic pattern via a combination of specific image analysis
measurement parameters. The PCV method is performed using
conventional optical image analysis techniques to detect graphic
patterns and measure the complexity of the graphic patterns when
viewed using a camera with incident lighting. An image analysis
system controlled by an algorithm detects and measures several of
the dimensional properties of the graphic pattern. The resulting
dimensional measurement data are combined to calculate the PCV of a
given pattern.
[0040] The method for determining the PCV of a given sample
includes the step of acquiring the image of the sample. An
exemplary setup for acquiring the image is representatively
illustrated in FIG. 2. Specifically, a CCD video camera 102 (e.g.,
a Leica DFC 310 FX video camera available from Leica Microsystems
of Heerbrugg, Switzerland) is mounted on a standard support 104
such as a Polaroid MP-4 Land Camera standard support available from
Polaroid Resource Center in Cambridge, Miss. The standard support
104 is attached to a macro-viewer 106 such as a KREONITE
macro-viewer available from Dunning Photo Equipment, Inc., having
an office in Bixby, Okla. An auto stage 108 is placed on the upper
surface of the macro-viewer 106. The auto stage 108 is used to move
and adjust the position, via a joystick, of a given sample 110 for
optimal viewing by the camera 102. A suitable auto stage is Model
H112, available from Prior Scientific Inc., having an office in
Rockland, Mass.
[0041] The sample 110 possessing a printed graphic design is placed
on the auto stage 108 of a Leica Microsystems QWIN Pro Image
Analysis system, under the optical axis of a 20 mm Nikon AF Nikkor
lens 112 with an f-stop setting of 4. The Nikon lens 112 is
attached to the Leica DFC 310 FX camera 102 using a c-mount
adaptor. The distance from the front face of the Nikon lens 112 to
the sample 110 is approximately 43 cm. The sample 110 is flattened
and any wrinkles removed by covering it with a transparent glass
plate and/or fastening it to the auto stage 108 surface using
transparent adhesive tape at its outer edges. The sample 110 is
illuminated with incident incandescent lighting using four, 150
watt, GE Reflector Flood lamps 114. The lamps 114 are attached to
the KREONITE macro-viewer 106. The illumination level of the lamps
is controlled with a POWERSTAT Variable Auto-transformer, type
3PN117C, available from Superior Electric, Co. having an office in
Bristol, Conn.
[0042] The image analysis software platform used to acquire images
and perform the dimensional measurements is a QWIN Pro (Version
3.5.1) available from Leica Microsystems, having an office in
Heerbrugg, Switzerland. Prior to executing the algorithm below, the
method for determining the PCV includes the step of shading
correction. Additionally, if the sample includes colored graphics
then color white balancing is undertaken and three command lines in
the algorithm below (denoted with superscript.sup.tt) are changed
to reflect color imaging in either red-green-blue (RGB) or
hue-saturation-intensity (HSI) color space. Both the shading
correction and the white balancing steps are performed using the
QWIN software and a flat white background (e.g., a photographic
positive from Polaroid 803 film) being illuminated by the flood
lamps. The system and images are also accurately calibrated using
the QWIN software and a standard ruler with metric markings at
least as small as one millimeter. The calibration is performed in
the horizontal dimension of the video camera image.
[0043] Thus, the method for determining the PCV of a given sample
also includes the step of performing the dimensional measurements.
Specifically, an image analysis algorithm is used to acquire and
process images as well as perform measurements using Quantimet User
Interactive Programming System (QUIPS) language. The image analysis
algorithm is reproduced below. [0044] NAME=Pattern Complexity--1a
[0045] PURPOSE=Measures `complexity` of Patterns and Elements via
various shape parameters [0046] CONDITIONS=DFC 310 FX; monochrome
or color; 20-mm Nikkor (f/4); 4-floods; white or black back.; cover
plate; MP4 pole=69 cm [0047] AUTHOR=D. G. Biggs [0048] Open File
(CAData\37525\data.xls, channel #1) [0049] Open File
(CAData\37525\feature data.xls, channel #2) [0050] REPLICATE=0
[0051] SAMPLE=0
[0052] Set-Up [0053] Calvalue=0.140 mm/px [0054] CALVALUE=0.140
[0055] Calibration (Local) [0056] Enter Results Header [0057] File
Results Header (channel #1) [0058] File Line (channel #1) [0059]
File Line (channel #1) [0060] File Results Header (channel #2)
[0061] File Line (channel #2) [0062] File Line (channel #2) [0063]
Measure frame (x 31, y 61, Width 1330, Height 978) [0064] Image
frame (x 0, y 0, Width 1392, Height 1040)
[0065] For (SAMPLE=1 to 1, step 1) [0066] PauseText ("Enter object
classification (e.g. geo, element, pattern, etc.).") [0067] Input
(TITLE$) [0068] File (TITLE$, channel #1) [0069] File Line (channel
#1) [0070] File (TITLE$, channel #2) [0071] File Line (channel #2)
[0072] File ("Object ID", channel #1) [0073] File ("Area", channel
#1) [0074] File ("Perimeter", channel #1) [0075] File ("Area
Fract.", channel #1) [0076] File Line (channel #1) [0077] File
("Object ID", channel #2) [0078] File ("Area", channel #2) [0079]
File ("Cony. Area", channel #2) [0080] File ("Perim.", channel #2)
[0081] File ("Cony. Perim.", channel #2) [0082] File ("Number",
channel #2) [0083] File Line (channel #2)
[0084] For (REPLICATE=1 to 1, step 1) [0085] Image frame (x 0, y 0,
Width 1392, Height 1040) [0086] Binary Edit (Clear Binary2)
[0087] Image Acquire [0088] ACQOUTPUT=0 [0089] Colour Transform
(Mono Mode).sup.tt [0090] PauseText ("Position sample for
imaging.") [0091] Display (Image0 (on), frames (on,on), planes
(off,off,off,off,off,off), lut 0, x 0, y 0, z 1, [0092] Reduction
off) [0093] Image Setup DC Twain [PAUSE] (Camera 1, AutoExposure
Off, Gain 0.00, ExposureTime [0094] 78.43 msec, Brightness 0, Lamp
49.99).sup.tt [0095] Acquire (into)Image.degree. [0096]
ACQFILE$="CAlmages\37525--Hopkins-- [0097] Oates\"+TITLE$+"
"+STR$(REPLICATE)+".tif" [0098] Write image (from ACQOUTPUT into
file ACQFILE$) [0099] Display (Colour0(on), frames (on,on), planes
(off,off,off,off,off,off), lut 0, x 0, y 0, z 1, [0100] Reduction
off)
[0101] Detection and Image Processing [0102] PauseText ("Adjust
detection to include all printed areas. If necessary, this line can
be [0103] changed to HSI or RGB detection thru editing.") [0104]
Detect [PAUSE] (blacker than 183, from Image0 into Binary0
delineated).sup.tt [0105] PauseText ("Is additional/unique image
processing required? If yes, enter 1.") [0106] Input (PROCESS)
[0107] If (PROCESS=1) [0108] PauseText ("Use Binary Amend to
optimize detection. The final step must output to [0109] Binary0.")
[0110] Binary Amend [PAUSE] (Open from Binary0 to Binary0 cycles 1,
operator Disc, edge erode on) [0111] PauseText ("Use Binary Editing
to optimize detection. The final step must output to [0112]
Binary0") [0113] Binary Edit [PAUSE] (Reject from Binary.degree. to
Binary0 nib Fill, width 2) [0114] Else [0115] Goto CONTINUE [0116]
Endif
[0117] Continue:
[0118] Display (Image0 (on), frames (on,on), planes
(0,off,off,off,off,off), lut 0, x 0, y 0, z 1,
Reduction off)
[0119] PauseText ("Set Measure Frame to encompass features of
interest and image
frame to be just inside the measure frame.")
[0120] Measure frame [PAUSE] (x 31, y 61, Width 1330, Height
978)
[0121] Image frame [PAUSE] (x 0, y 0, Width 1392, Height 1040)
[0122] PauseText ("If detected regions are within the image frame
only, click on `OK."`)
[0123] Binary Edit [PAUSE] (Cut from Binary0 to Binary1, nib Fill,
width 1) Binary Logical (C=A AND B: C Binary2, A Binary0 B
Binary1)
[0124] Measure Field
[0125] MFLDIMAGE=2 [0126] Measure field (plane MFLDIMAGE, into
FLDRESULTS(5), statistics into FLDSTATS(7,5)) Selected parameters:
Area, Perimeter, Area Fract
[0127] AREA=FLDRESULTS(1)
[0128] PERIM=FLDRESULTS(4)
[0129] AREAFRACT=FLDRESULTS(5)
[0130] File (REPLICATE, channel #1, 0 digits after `.`)
[0131] File (AREA, channel #1, 1 digit after `.`)
[0132] File (PERIM, channel #1, 1 digit after `.`)
[0133] File (AREAFRACT, channel #1, 1 digit after `.`)
[0134] File Line (channel #1)
[0135] Measure Features [0136] Feature Expression (UserDef1 (all
features), title Area/Perim=PAREA(FTR)/PPERIMETER(FTR)) [0137]
Measure feature (plane Binary2, 8 ferets, minimum area: 6, grey
image:) Image0) [0138] Selected parameters: Area, X FCP, Y FCP,
Perimeter, ConvxPerim, ConvexArea
[0139] File (REPLICATE, channel #2, 0 digits after `.`)
[0140] FSAREA=Field Sum of (PAREA(FTR))
[0141] File (FSAREA, channel #2, 1 digit after `.`)
[0142] FSCONVAREA=Field Sum of (PCONVAREA(FTR))
[0143] File (FSCONVAREA, channel #2, 1 digit after `.`)
[0144] FSPERIM=Field Sum of (PPERIMETER(FTR))
[0145] File (FSPERIM, channel #2, 1 digit after `.`)
[0146] FSCONVPERIM=Field Sum of (PCONVPERIM(FTR))
[0147] File (FSCONVPERIM, channel #2, 1 digit after `.`)
[0148] FSNUMBER=Field Sum of (PACCEPTED(FTR))
[0149] File (FSNUMBER, channel #2, 0 digits after `.`)
[0150] File Line (channel #2)
[0151] Binary Edit (Clear Binary2)
[0152] Next (REPLICATE)
[0153] File Line (channel #1)
[0154] File Line (channel #2)
[0155] Next (SAMPLE)
[0156] Close File (channel #1)
[0157] Close File (channel #2)
[0158] End [0159] .sup.tt--Denotes command lines that must be
changed to their color equivalent format prior to execution if
color imaging and detection will be performed.
[0160] The QUIPS algorithm is then executed using the QWIN Pro
software platform. The analyst is initially prompted to enter
sample identification information. This is followed by a prompting
to enter a base file name for saving the sample replicate specimen
images. An opportunity is then given to set up and position the
specimen of interest on the sample stage or platform beneath the
camera. For most printed designs, a flat white background is
suitable to detect the pattern in either gray-scale or color. In
some cases, when the specimen is composed of a polymer film, a
black background behind the flattened and unwrinkled specimen is
suitable to obtain good detection of the pattern.
[0161] The sample is positioned so the longest dimension runs
horizontally in the image, and the light illumination level of the
four-flood lamps is adjusted using the POWERSTAT Variable
Auto-transformer to obtain a white level reading of approximately
0.95. During this process of light adjustment, the QUIPS algorithm
automatically displays the current white level value within a small
window on the video screen. The algorithm then acquires and saves
the image to a designated location--typically on the computer's
hard drive. The analyst is then prompted to adjust the detection
threshold in order to obtain the optimal detection that is
possible. The delineation should be turned `on` and the detection
interactive window gray-scale histogram as well as visual
observation should be used to ensure the best detection possible.
For most printed designs, detection will be adjusted in `black`
mode in gray-scale or hue-saturation-intensity or red-green-blue
mode in color. For polymer film patterns when using a black
background, the gray-scale mode will likely need to be switched to
`white` mode.
[0162] After detection, the analyst is asked whether additional
binary image processing is required to further optimize pattern
detection. If the analyst believes additional processing will be
beneficial, a value of `1` is entered into the prompting window and
the analyst is given two opportunities to optimize the binary
detection to match the design to the extent possible. In order to
check for detected fit versus the actual pattern, the analyst can
toggle the `control` and `B` keys on the keyboard simultaneously to
turn the overlying binary image on and off. A fit is considered
good when the binary image closely matches with the printed pattern
with respect to its boundaries and regions within said boundaries.
If no additional processing is required, the analyst clicks `OK`
without entering any value into the prompting window. If `1` is
entered for additional processing, the first opportunity will be
thru a `Binary Amend` window showing various options such as
`closing` and `opening.` The analyst can experiment to find a good
option by changing the output to binaryl or higher. When a specific
processing step(s) have been identified, the analyst must do so in
such a way so that the final output is into binary0. The second
binary `edit` processing step allows for a selection of manual
interactions (e.g. reject, accept, draw, etc.) with the image to
clean it up for the measurement step of the algorithm. Again, the
final step within the manually editing processing step must go into
binary0 for the output. If no editing is required, the analyst
clicks `OK` and allows the algorithm to proceed.
[0163] After the option of additional processing, the algorithm
will then prompt the analyst to manually select both measurement
and image frame regions of interest (ROI). First, the measurement
frame is selected to enclose the detected pattern over as much of
the sample (e.g., framing region or focal region) as possible or at
least enough to cover one unit cell if there is a pattern that
repeats. Secondly, the image frame is selected to be just inside
the boundaries of the previously selected measurement frame. The
resulting image frame size should be two pixels less wide and long
as the measurement frame and located within the measurement frame
boundaries.
[0164] After the measurement and image frames have been selected,
the algorithm will automatically perform measurements and output
the data into two different spreadsheets. The first spreadsheet is
labeled "data.xls" and is for the field data. The second
spreadsheet is labeled "feature data.xls" and is for feature data.
The following primary measurement parameter data will be located in
the feature data.xls file after measurements and data transfer has
occurred:
[0165] Area
[0166] Perimeter
[0167] Convex area
[0168] Convex perimeter
[0169] Number of features
[0170] The following primary measurement parameter data will be
located in the data.xls file after measurements and data transfer
has occurred. The field area and perimeter data located in the
data.xls file are not used for calculations and should be within
approximately 5% of those in the featuredata.xls file and can be
used to corroborate the accuracy of the comparable area and
perimeter data located in featuredata.xls file.
[0171] Area Fraction
[0172] Area
[0173] Perimeter
[0174] From these primary measurement parameter data, which are all
totals for the selected image frame ROI, a number of secondary
derived parameters can be calculated using the following
calculations:
Fullness ratio=Sqrt.(area/convex area)
Convexity=convex perimeter/perimeter
[0175] Finally, the secondary parameters are combined with area
fraction to calculate the PCV parameter:
PCV=(Area/Perimeter.times.Convexity/Fullness ratio)/Area
Fraction
PCV will be in units of a linear distance, so the type of units
chosen (e.g., millimeters vs. inches vs. pixels) for image pixel
calibration will affect the magnitude of the resulting PCV. For the
purposes of discussion and examples in the present application, all
measurements and calculations will be in millimeters unless
otherwise noted.
[0176] Multiple replicates from a single sample can be performed
during a single execution of the QUIPS algorithm. Primary
dimensional data will be transferred to the EXCEL spreadsheets for
each replicate. Between each replicate, a new sample is placed onto
the auto-stage and adjusted via a joystick for image acquisition
and analysis. The final sample mean PCV parameter is based on an
N=5 analysis from five, separate, product specimen subsamples. A
comparison between different samples can be performed using a
Student's T analysis at the 90% confidence level.
[0177] The Pattern Complexity Value method returns a complexity
value for a given graphic wherein the more complex the graphic the
lower the complexity value. Likewise, the less complex the graphic
the higher the complexity value. In other words, graphics having a
lower complexity value are more complex than graphics having a
relatively higher complexity value (i.e., the PCV is inversely
proportional to the complexity of the graphic).
[0178] For the case in which a region possessing a graphic design
is to be compared with a region that does not possess a graphic, it
is possible to determine a theoretical maximum PCV in the
non-graphic region using the methodology previously described.
[0179] To determine the approximate theoretical maximum, the
analyst uses the algorithm Pattern Complexity--1a in the same
manner as analyzing a graphic design except that no detection
thresholding is performed due to the lack of a pattern. At the
point in the algorithm when the analyst is prompted with the
choice, "Is additional/unique image processing required? If yes,
enter 1", the analyst then selects yes by entering `1.` The analyst
then selects `OK` for the Binary Amend dialog box that follows.
[0180] At the Binary Edit dialog box that now appears on the
screen, the analyst must first change the edit mode from `reject`
to `line.` With the computer mouse, the analyst creates a very
short line consisting of only a few pixels in length within the
non-graphic region to be analyzed. If the line is drawn longer than
a few pixels, or if some other mistake is made, the binary image
can be re-set using the `Undo` button located within the Binary
Edit dialog box. The short binary line must be made up of a minimum
of at least six adjacent pixels to be measured for feature
dimensions. Once a short line has been achieved, `OK` can be
selected and the algorithm continued.
[0181] When selecting measurement and image frame sizes in the next
algorithm step, the analyst should choose a region around the short
binary feature line created to encompass as much of the non-graphic
region as possible.
[0182] After selection of the measure and image frames, the
algorithm is continued as previously described. If when finished,
the analyst finds that no feature measurements have been performed
on the short binary line, the algorithm will need to be re-run and
a slightly longer line created to ensure the six pixel minimum
requirement.
[0183] Referring again to FIG. 1, the pointer region 16
representatively illustrates a relatively complex pointer pattern
20. The pointer pattern 20 includes paisley designs 28 of various
shapes and sizes and stylized flowers 30 of different sizes.
Likewise, the focal region 18 includes a relatively simple focal
pattern 22 of offset dots 32. To determine the PCV difference
between the pointer pattern 20 and the focal pattern 22, the actual
pointer pattern 20 was measured at four different locations and the
actual focal pattern 22 was measured at four different locations.
The results of these measurements are summarized in Table 1 below.
It should be noted that the testing was conducted on actual printed
packaging and the illustrations of FIG. 1 are representative of the
patterns tested.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 PCV of focal pattern PCV of pointer Location
22 Location pattern 20 .DELTA. PCV 1 12.46 5 0.694 2 11.89 6 0.633
3 13.39 7 1.023 4 13.11 8 0.746 Mean 12.71 Mean 0.77 11.94 S. Dev.
0.67 0.17 % RSD 5.3 22.2
[0184] As can been seen in Table 1, the focal pattern 22 had a mean
PCV of 12.71. A PCV of 12.71 indicates a relatively low pattern
complexity. In comparison, the pointer pattern 20 had a mean PCV of
0.77. A PCV of 0.77 indicates a relatively high pattern complexity.
Thus, the difference in PCV between the focal pattern 22 and the
pointer pattern 20 is 11.94. A PCV of 11.94 indicates a relatively
large difference in complexity between the two patterns.
[0185] In various aspects, the pointer pattern complexity value may
be less than 10, less than 9, less than 8, less than 7, less than
6, less than 5, less than 4, less than 3, less than 2, or less than
1. Likewise, the focal pattern complexity value can be at least 8,
at least 9, at least 10, at least 11, at least 12, at least 13, or
at least 14. In some aspects, the difference between the pointer
pattern complexity value and the focal pattern complexity value is
at least 3, at least 5, at least 7, and at least 10. In various
aspects, the pointer pattern complexity value is lower than the
focal pattern complexity value. In other words, in some aspects,
the pointer pattern 20 is more complex than focal pattern 22.
[0186] The package 10 of FIG. 1 includes a pointer region 16 and a
focal region 18. In this aspect, the pointer region 16 is unitary.
In comparison, FIG. 3 representatively illustrates another
exemplary package 50. The package 50 includes a pointer region 16
and a focal region 18. In these aspects, the pointer region 16 has
a pointer region printed pattern 20 having a pointer pattern
complexity value, and the focal region 18 has a focal printed
pattern 26, which in this aspect is the absence of a pattern,
having a focal pattern complexity value. In various aspects, the
difference between the pointer pattern complexity value and the
focal pattern complexity value is at least 3. In these aspects, the
focal pattern complexity value is less than the focal pattern
complexity value.
[0187] The various regions of the present disclosure can be defined
by any suitable means. For example, the various regions of the
present disclosure can be defined by color, printed borders,
physical structure, and the like and combinations thereof. For
example, in FIG. 1, the focal region 18 is defined by a focal
region border 36. In this case, the focal region border 36 is a
lace-like pattern extending around the focal region 18. In FIG. 3,
the focal region border 36 is a solid line extending around the
focal region 18. In comparison, in both FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the
pointer region 16 is defined in part by a pointer region border 38
and in part by the physical structure of the package 10.
Specifically, the edges wherein the display face 14 transitions
into the side panels, the top panels, and the bottom panels can
help define the outer edges of the pointer region 16.
[0188] The pointer region border 38 has the general shape of the
pointer region 16, and the focal region border 36 has the general
shape of the focal region 18. The pointer and focal region borders
38, 36 can be wide and bold enough to be clearly visible. Each of
the pointer and focal region borders 38, 36 can include a
complexity pattern, added line, and/or any other suitable graphic
on the inside or outside of the pointer and focal region borders
38, 36. All or part of the pointer and focal region borders 38, 36
can also include a more complex pattern, line, and/or navigational
information (e.g., printing or other graphical elements, or
different colors, hues, shades, shadowings, luminosities, textures
(real or optical illusion), etc. Each of the pointer and focal
region borders 38, 36 can also define its own pattern complexity
value.
[0189] In various aspects, the pointer region 38 can have a pointer
pattern 20 that extends beyond the display face 14 onto one or more
sides of the package 10. Likewise, the focal region 36 can have a
focal pattern 22 that extends beyond the display face 14 onto one
or more sides of the package 10.
[0190] Utilizing a different number of printed colors in the
pointer region 16 as compared to the focal region 18 is another way
of creating visual contrast between the two regions 16, 18. In
various aspects, the pointer patterns 20 can have one, two, three,
four, five, or more than five different printed colors. Likewise,
the focal pattern 22 can have one, two, three, four, five, or more
than five different printed colors. In various aspects, the number
of printed pointer pattern colors is different from the number of
printed focal pattern colors. For example, in some aspects, the
pointer pattern 20 has at least two printed colors whereas the
focal pattern 22 has at least one fewer printed colors. In various
aspects, the difference between the number of printed colors in the
pointer pattern 20 is at least one, at least two, at least three,
at least four, or at least five more than the number of printed
colors in the focal pattern 22.
[0191] To determine the number of colors in a given graphic or
pattern, color images of the given graphic patterns are acquired
using the QUIPS algorithm described herein. These images can then
be measured for their pattern component L*a*b* color values using a
number of software packages. For example, image processing and
analysis packages such as Matlab (v.6.5.1, release 13; Mathworks),
Adobe Photoshop, and Media Cybernetics Image Pro Plus are all
suitable for measuring L*a*b* values of various colored graphics
within a given pattern. The L*a*b* value for each color of the
pattern can then be used to determine the number of different
colors present within the pattern. Two colors are considered
different if they are just-noticeably different by a consumer. This
difference is sometimes estimated by just-noticeable difference or
differential threshold that has been quantified by .DELTA.E*.sub.ab
greater than 2.3 as described in ASTM D2244-09b Standard Practice
for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from
Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates and the references cited
therein. Although this just-noticeable difference is sufficient, a
larger difference is preferable because the additional contrast
between colors is believed to enhance the perceived complexity of
the color graphics.
[0192] In various aspects, the pointer pattern 20 includes a first
total number of inks and the focal pattern 22 includes a second
total number of inks. In some aspects, the difference between the
first total number of inks and the second total number of inks is
at least one. In some aspects, the difference between the first
total number of inks and the second total number of inks is at
least one, at least two, at least three, at least four, or at least
five. In some aspects, the difference between the first total
number of inks and the second total number of inks at least one, at
least two, at least three, at least four, or at least five and the
second total number of inks is less than the first total number of
inks.
[0193] Another way of creating visual contrast between the various
regions is by utilizing different print colors having different L*
values in the pointer region 16 as compared to the focal region 18.
In various aspects, the focal region 18 can have a background
color. Likewise, the pointer region 16 can have a background color.
Each background color has an L* value that can be measured by any
suitable imaging software program as discussed herein. The L* scale
ranges from 0 (black) to 100 (white). The L* values are determined
from the perspective of the user. In other words, the background
color can be printed on either side of the outer structure 12 but
the L* value is measured from the side visible to user. In some
aspects, the background color can be on the inside of the outer
structure 12. Thus, the L* value of the background color in these
aspects are determined by measuring through the outer structure
material. Using ADOBE Photoshop CS5 Extended software (version
12.0.sub.x64, Lab Mode, CIELAB D50), the difference between the
lowest L* value measured for the background color in the pointer
region 16 and the lowest L* value measured for the background color
in the focal region 18 can be at least 5, at least 10, at least 15,
or at least 20. In various aspects, the lowest L* value measured
for the background color in the focal region 18 is greater than the
lowest L* value measured for the background color in the pointer
region 16. In some aspects, the background color in the focal
region 18 can have a lowest L* value of no more than 20, 25, 30,
35, 40, 45, or 50. In some aspects, the background color in the
pointer region 16 can have a lowest L* value of at least 30, 35,
40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, or at least 70. In a specific aspect, the
background color in the pointer region 16 can have a lowest L*
value of about 32 and the background color of the focal region 18
can have a lowest L* value of about 15. In various aspects, the
lowest L* value for the background color of the pointer region 16
on the display face 14 can be at least 10, at least 15, or at least
20 higher than the lowest L* value for the background color of the
focal region 18 on the display face 14.
[0194] Again, while not wishing to be bound by theory, it is
believed that the color contrast between the pointer region 16 and
the focal region 18 highlights or draws the attention of the
consumer to the focal region 18. It is further believed that
aspects utilizing a darker background color in the focal region 18
quickly draw the consumer's eye to the focal region 18 that is
usually near the center of the package 10.
[0195] In some aspects, the focal region 18 can include one or more
background colors having a color gradation. Specifically, in some
aspects, the color of the focal region 18 can have a lower L* value
at the outer edges as compared to the more central area of the
region. In specific aspects, the focal region 18 can have a color
gradation near the center of the focal region 18 to further draw
the consumer's eye to this location.
[0196] Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 3, the packages 10 and/or 50
can include one or more navigation panels 34. As used herein, the
term "navigation panel" refers to a graphic containing information
to assist a consumer in selecting the appropriate size and form of
product from an array of different product sizes and forms
presented on a retail shelf. In various aspects, the navigation
panel 34 includes a background color. In some aspects, the
navigation panel 34 can include two or more different background
colors. In some aspects, the navigation panel 34 can also include a
navigation panel pattern. In these aspects, the navigation panel
pattern can have a navigation pattern complexity value of at least
2 more than the pattern complexity value of the focal pattern
22.
[0197] In some aspects, the packages of the present disclosure can
further include a product graphic. As used herein, the term
"product graphic" refers to a printed image that closely represents
a product located within the package 10. For example in some
aspects, the product can be an incontinence pad having a given
shape, color, and/or feature and the product graphic can be a
printed image that closely resembles the shape, the color, and/or
the feature of the incontinence pad located within the package.
[0198] In some aspects, the product graphic can be located at least
partially in the navigation panel 34. For example, the product
graphic can define a product graphic area and the navigation panel
can define a navigation panel area. In some aspects, the product
graphic area and the navigation panel area can overlap. In some
aspects, at least 25, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at
least 60, or at least 70% of the product graphic area overlaps with
the navigation panel area.
[0199] Again, not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed
that locating the navigation panel 34 within or adjacent to the
focal region 18 assists consumers in quickly finding the navigation
information contained therein. Specifically, the contrasting
regions are believed to draw attention to the focal region 18.
Since the navigation panel 34 is located within the focal region 18
or is adjacent the focal region 18, the consumer is believed to
locate the navigation panel 34 more readily.
[0200] Another way of creating color contrast is by utilizing
different print colors having different L* values in the navigation
panel 34 as compared to the pointer region 16 and/or the focal
region 18. In various aspects, the navigation panel 34 can have one
or more background colors. In some aspects, the navigation panel 34
can be split into a first portion 46 and a second portion 48 as
illustrated in FIG. 3. In these aspects, the first portion 46 has a
background color and the second portion 48 has a background color.
In various aspects, the background color of the first portion 46
can be the same or can be different from the background color of
the second portion 48. Again, using ADOBE Photoshop CS5 Extended
software (version 12.0.sub.x64, Lab Mode, CIELAB D50), the lowest
L* value was measured for the background color in the first portion
46 and the second portion 48 in exemplary navigation panels 34. In
one aspect, the lowest L* value for the background color in the
first portion 46 is about 13 while the lowest L* value for the
background color in the second portion 48 is about 61. In another
aspect, the lowest L* value for the background color in the first
portion 46 is about 25 while the lowest L* value for the background
color in the second portion 48 is about 61. In another aspect, the
lowest L* value for the background color in the first portion 46 is
about 58 while the lowest L* value for the background color in the
second portion 48 is about 61. In some aspects, the lowest L* value
of the background color of the navigation panel 34 can be greater
than the lowest L* value of the background color of the focal
region 18.
[0201] Referring again to FIG. 1, in various aspects, the packages
of the present disclosure can further include a brand graphic 40.
The brand graphic 40 is generally composed of text indicating the
source of manufacturing of the product contained with the packages.
The brand graphic 40 is not considered part of the focal pattern 22
or the pointer pattern 20. In various aspects, the brand graphic 40
can be located on the display face 14 in any suitable location. For
example, in some aspects, the brand graphic 40 can be located
within the focal region 18 as illustrated in FIG. 1. In other
aspects, the brand graphic 40 can be located within the pointer
region (not shown) or can be at least partially located in both the
pointer region and the focal region (not shown).
[0202] While the disclosure has been described in detail with
respect to specific aspects thereof, it will be appreciated that
those skilled in the art, upon attaining understanding of the
foregoing will readily appreciate alterations to, variations of,
and equivalents to these aspects. Accordingly, the scope of the
present disclosure should be assessed as that of the appended
claims and any equivalents thereto. Additionally, all combinations
and/or sub-combinations of the disclosed aspects, ranges, examples,
and alternatives are also contemplated.
* * * * *
References