U.S. patent application number 13/866575 was filed with the patent office on 2013-12-26 for electrically conductive lens connection and methods of making the same.
This patent application is currently assigned to PixelOptics, Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is PixelOptics, Inc.. Invention is credited to Ronald D. Blum, Joshua Haddock, Charles Willey.
Application Number | 20130342807 13/866575 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 49483788 |
Filed Date | 2013-12-26 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130342807 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Blum; Ronald D. ; et
al. |
December 26, 2013 |
Electrically Conductive Lens Connection and Methods of Making the
Same
Abstract
The present invention relates generally to electro-active
optical systems, such as a pair of spectacles having one or more
lenses that employ electro-active optical structures. In some
embodiments, the invention relates to electro-active optical
systems having a flexible electrically conductive connection
between the lens and the frame.
Inventors: |
Blum; Ronald D.; (Roanoke,
VA) ; Willey; Charles; (Roanoke, VA) ;
Haddock; Joshua; (Roanoke, VA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
PixelOptics, Inc.; |
|
|
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
PixelOptics, Inc.
Roanoke
VA
|
Family ID: |
49483788 |
Appl. No.: |
13/866575 |
Filed: |
April 19, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
61638290 |
Apr 25, 2012 |
|
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|
Current U.S.
Class: |
351/159.39 ;
351/178 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02C 7/101 20130101;
G02C 5/008 20130101; G02C 13/001 20130101; G02C 13/00 20130101;
G02C 7/083 20130101; G02C 1/10 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
351/159.39 ;
351/178 |
International
Class: |
G02C 7/08 20060101
G02C007/08; G02C 13/00 20060101 G02C013/00 |
Claims
1. A pair of spectacles comprising: a first lens and a second lens,
wherein the first lens comprises an electro-active region in an
interior portion, an electrical contact on an edge portion, and a
transparent wire electrically connecting the electro-active region
to the edge contact; a controller; a frame, wherein the frame
comprises a first contact disposed adjacent to the first lens, and
one or more wires electrically connecting the first contact to the
controller; and a first conductive element that electrically
connects the edge contact of the first lens to the first contact of
the frame, the first conductive element being at least partially
formed, from a conductive elastomeric material that adheres to the
edge contact of the first lens and the contact of the frame.
2. The pair of spectacles of claim 1, wherein the controller is
disposed on or within the frame.
3. The pair of spectacles of claim 1, wherein the controller is
separate from the frame.
4. The pair of spectacles of claim 1, wherein the first conductive
element is disposed in a first cavity.
5. The pair of spectacles of claim 4, wherein the first cavity is
formed by a groove formed on the outer edge of the first lens, a
groove formed on the inner edge of the frame, or a combination
thereof.
6. The pair of spectacles of claim 1, further comprising a second
conductive element; wherein the second lens comprises an
electro-active region in an interior portion, an electrical contact
on an edge portion, and a transparent wire electrically connecting
the electro-active region to the edge contact; wherein the frame
comprises a second contact disposed adjacent to the second lens,
and one or more wires electrically connecting the second contact to
the controller; and wherein the second conductive element
electrically connects the edge contact of the second lens to the
second contact of the frame, the second conductive element being at
least partially formed from a conductive elastomeric material that
adheres to the edge contact of the second lens and the second
contact of the frame.
7. The pair of spectacles of claim 6, wherein the second conductive
element is disposed in a second cavity.
8. The pair of spectacles of claim 7, wherein the second cavity is
formed by a groove formed on the outer edge of the second lens, a
groove formed on the inner edge of the frame, or a combination
thereof.
9. The pair of spectacles of claim 1, wherein the conductive
elastomeric material is flexible.
10. The pair of spectacles of claim 1, wherein the conductive
elastomeric material is moisture resistant.
11. The pair of spectacles of claim 1, wherein the conductive
elastomeric material comprises an adhesive binder and conductive
particles.
12. The pair of spectacles of claim 11, wherein the adhesive binder
comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a
silicone resin, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, and any
combinations thereof.
13. The pair of spectacles of claim 11, wherein the conductive
particles are selected from the group consisting of silver
particles, silver-coated particles, nickel, nickel-coated
particles, and any combination thereof.
14. The pair of spectacles of claim 13, wherein the silver coated
particles are silver-plated aluminum, silver-plated copper, and any
combinations thereof.
15. The pair of spectacles of claim 13, wherein the nickel-coated
particles are nickel-coated carbon.
16. A method of forming an electrical connection between a
spectacle lens and a frame, the method comprising: providing a
spectacle lens, which comprises an electro-active region in an
interior portion, an electrical contact on an edge portion, and a
transparent wire electrically connecting the electro-active region
to the edge contact; providing a frame, which comprises an
electrical contact disposed on an interior portion of the frame;
and disposing a flowable conductive material between the electrical
contact of the spectacle lens and the electrical contact of the
frame, the flowable conductive material being a curable
material.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the disposing step comprises:
disposing an amount of the flowable conductive material onto an
edge portion of the spectacle lens; and disposing the spectacle
lens into the frame such that the flowable conductive material
makes contact with and electrically connects the electrical contact
of the spectacle lens and the electrical contact of the frame.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the disposing step comprises:
disposing an amount of the flowable conductive material onto an
interior portion of the frame; and disposing the spectacle lens
into the frame such that the flowable conductive material makes
contact with and electrically connects the electrical contact of
the spectacle lens and the electrical contact of the frame.
19. The method of claim 16, wherein the disposing step comprises:
disposing the spectacle lens into the frame; and disposing an
amount of the flowable conductive material between the spectacle
lens and the frame, such that the flowable conductive material
makes contact with and electrically connects the electrical contact
of the spectacle lens and the electrical contact of the frame.
20. The method of claim 16, further comprising: following the
disposing step, curing the flowable conductive material to form a
flexible conductive element.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the flexible conductive element
is disposed in a cavity.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the cavity is formed by a
groove formed on the outer edge of the spectacle lens, a groove
formed on the inner edge of the frame, or a combination
thereof.
23. The method of claim 16, wherein the conductive material
comprises an adhesive binder and conductive particles.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein the adhesive binder comprises a
material selected from the group consisting of a silicone resin, an
epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, and any combinations
thereof.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein the conductive particles are
selected from the group consisting of silver particles,
silver-coated particles, nickel, nickel-coated particles, and any
combination thereof.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein the silver coated particles are
silver-plated aluminum, silver-plated copper, and any combinations
thereof.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the nickel-coated particles are
nickel-coated carbon.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application claims the benefit of priority to
U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/638,290, filed Apr. 25,
2012, which is hereby incorporated by reference as though fully set
forth herein.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates generally to electro-active
optical systems, such as a pair of spectacles having one or more
lenses that employ electro-active optical structures. In some
embodiments, the invention relates to electro-active optical
systems having a flexible electrically conductive connection
between the lens and the frame.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Certain electro-active optical systems include one or more
lenses having an electro-active optical structure. In many
instances, such structures lie in an interior portion of the lens,
and are therefore physically removed from a control unit. In some
instances, such as with a pair of spectacles, the control unit may
lie in some portion of the frame or in may be external to the frame
and connect to the lens via the frame. In such instances, the lens
can have transparent conductive structures (e.g., conductive lines)
that connect the electro-active optical structure to a contact on
the edge of the lens, for example. To be in electrical
communication with the control unit, such contacts on the edge of
the lens must be in electrical communication with electrical
contacts that are part of the frame.
[0004] In some instances, the contacts on the lens can be
positioned so as to line up with one or more contacts on the frame,
such that an electrical connection is made when the lens is fit
into the frame. The lens-frame connection can loosen over time,
however. Therefore, one can also employ an electrically conductive
pre-formed deformable article that lies between the lens and the
frame. This deformable article can provide a robust electrical
connection, while maintaining the contact even as the physical
connection between the frame and lens loosens. But over time, even
these connections can fail, as they rely on physical contact.
[0005] Thus, it may be desirable to develop electrically conductive
deformable connectors that will remain robust, even as the frames
loosen over time.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] In at least one aspect, the invention provides a pair of
spectacles comprising: a first lens and a second lens, wherein the
first lens comprises an electro-active region in an interior
portion, an electrical contact on an edge portion, and a
transparent wire electrically connecting the electro-active region
to the edge contact; a controller; a frame, wherein the frame
comprises a first contact disposed adjacent to the first lens, and
one or more wires electrically connecting the first contact to the
controller; and a first conductive element that electrically
connects the edge contact of the first lens to the first contact of
the frame, the first conductive element being at least partially
formed from a conductive elastomeric material that adheres to the
edge contact of the first lens and the contact of the frame.
[0007] In another aspect, the invention provides a method of
forming an electrical connection between a spectacle lens and a
frame, the method comprising: providing a spectacle lens, which
comprises an electro-active region in an interior portion, an
electrical contact on an edge portion, and a transparent wire
electrically connecting the electro-active region to the edge
contact; providing a frame, which comprises an electrical contact
disposed on an interior portion of the frame; and disposing a
flowable conductive material between the electrical contact of the
spectacle lens and the electrical contact of the frame, the
flowable conductive material being a curable material.
[0008] Further aspects and embodiments of the invention are
provided in the detailed description that follows and in the
accompanying figures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0009] The application includes the following figures. These
figures depicts certain illustrative embodiments of various aspects
of the invention. In some instances, the figures do not necessarily
provide a proportional illustration of an actual embodiment of the
invention, but may emphasize certain features for purposes of
illustration. The figures are not intended to limit the scope of
the claimed subject matter apart from an express indication to the
contrary.
[0010] FIG. 1 depicts a lens according to certain embodiments of
the invention.
[0011] FIG. 2 depicts pair of spectacles according to one
embodiment of the invention.
[0012] FIG. 3 depicts an interface between the frame and lens
according to one embodiment of the invention.
[0013] FIG. 4 depicts an interface between the frame and lens
according to one embodiment of the invention.
[0014] FIG. 5 depicts an interface between the frame and lens
according to one embodiment of the invention.
[0015] FIG. 6 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention.
[0016] FIG. 7 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention.
[0017] FIG. 8 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention.
[0018] FIG. 9 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention.
[0019] FIG. 10 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention.
[0020] FIG. 11 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention.
[0021] FIG. 12 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention.
[0022] FIG. 13 depicts a flow chart showing an embodiment of a
method of forming an electrical connection between a spectacle lens
and a frame.
[0023] FIG. 14 depicts a flow chart showing an embodiment of a
method of forming an electrical connection between a spectacle lens
and a frame.
[0024] FIG. 15 depicts a flow chart showing an embodiment of a
method of forming an electrical connection between a spectacle lens
and a frame.
[0025] FIG. 16 depicts a flow chart showing an embodiment of a
method of forming an electrical connection between a spectacle lens
and a frame.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The following description recites various aspects and
embodiments of the present invention. No particular embodiment is
intended to define the scope of the invention. Rather, the
embodiments merely provide non-limiting examples various
compositions, apparatuses, and methods that are at least included
within the scope of the invention. The description is to be read
from the perspective of one of ordinary skill in the art;
therefore, information well known to the skilled artisan is not
necessarily included.
[0027] As used herein, the articles "a," "an," and "the" include
plural referents, unless expressly and unequivocally
disclaimed.
[0028] As used herein, the conjunction "or" does not imply a
disjunctive set. Thus, the phrase "A or B is present" includes each
of the following scenarios: (a) A is present and B is not present;
(b) A is not present and B is present; and (c) A and B are both
present. Thus, the term "or" does not imply an either/or situation,
unless expressly indicated.
[0029] As used herein, the term "comprise," "comprises," or
"comprising" implies an open set, such that other elements can be
present in addition to those expressly recited.
[0030] Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing
quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions, and so forth used
in the specification are to be understood as being modified in all
instances by the term "about." Accordingly, unless indicated to the
contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the following
specification are approximations that can vary depending upon the
desired properties sought to be obtained by the present invention.
At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application
of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each
numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the
number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary
rounding techniques.
[0031] Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters
setting forth the broad scope of the invention are approximations,
the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are
reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however,
inherently contains certain errors necessarily resulting from the
standard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.
Moreover, all ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to
encompass any and all subranges subsumed therein. For example, a
stated range of "1 to 10" should be considered to include any and
all subranges between (and inclusive of) the minimum value of 1 and
the maximum value of 10; that is, all subranges beginning with a
minimum value of 1 or more, e.g. 1 to 6.1, and ending with a
maximum value of 10 or less, e.g., 5.5 to 10.
[0032] In at least one aspect, the invention provides a pair of
spectacles comprising: a first lens and a second lens, wherein the
first lens comprises an electro-active region in an interior
portion, an electrical contact on an edge portion, and a
transparent wire electrically connecting the electro-active region
to the edge contact; a controller; a frame, wherein the frame
comprises a first contact disposed adjacent to the first lens, and
one or more wires electrically connecting the first contact to the
controller; and a first conductive element that electrically
connects the edge contact of the first lens to the first contact of
the frame, the first conductive element being at least partially
formed from a conductive elastomeric material that adheres to the
edge contact of the first lens and the contact of the frame.
[0033] In some embodiments, the first lens and the second lens are
disposed in a frame. The invention is not limited to any particular
frame design, as long as it provides physical support for the
spectacles and assists in maintaining the proper positioning of the
spectacles on the wearer's face for optimal vision correction. In
some embodiments, the frame includes a structure that wraps around
the entirety of the outer edges of the first lens and second lens.
In other embodiments, the frame includes a structure that only
wraps around a portion of the first lend and the second lens, e.g.,
the top of the lens and at least part of the two sides. In some
other embodiments, the frame a structure that physically attaches
to first lens and second lens. In some such embodiments, the frame
includes no structure that wraps around any part of either the
first lens or the second lens. In some embodiments, the frame
comprises structures that permit electrical communication with the
one or more electro-active optical structures disposed in the first
lens or second lens, including various contacts, wires, and the
like.
[0034] At least one of the lenses in the pair of spectacles
comprises an electro-active optical zone. In some embodiments, both
the first lens and the second lens comprise an electro-active
optical zone. Lenses having electro-active optical zones are
generally described in various references, including U.S. Pat. Nos.
6,619,799; 7,290,875; 6,626,532; and 7,009,757; and U.S. Published
Patent Application No. 2013/0027655, each of which are incorporated
by reference as though fully set forth herein.
[0035] As used herein, an electro-active zone or an electro-active
element refers to a device with an optical property that is
alterable by the application of electrical energy. The alterable
optical property may be, for example, optical power, focal length,
diffraction efficiency, depth of field, optical transmittance,
tinting, opacity, refractive index, chromatic dispersion, or a
combination thereof. An electro-active element may be constructed
from two substrates and an electro-active material disposed between
the two substrates. The substrates may be shaped and sized to
ensure that the electro-active material is contained within the
substrates and cannot leak out. One or more electrodes may be
disposed on each surface of the substrates that is in contact with
the electro-active material. The electro-active element may include
a power supply operably connected to a controller. The controller
may be operably connected to the electrodes by way of electrical
connections to apply one or more voltages to each of the
electrodes. When electrical energy is applied to the electro-active
material by way of the electrodes, the electro-active material's
optical property may be altered. For example, when electrical
energy is applied to the electro-active material by way of the
electrodes, the electro-active material's index of refraction may
be altered, thereby changing the optical power of the
electro-active element.
[0036] The electro-active element or zone may be embedded within or
attached to a surface of an ophthalmic lens to form an
electro-active lens. Alternatively, the electro-active element may
be embedded within or attached to a surface of an optic which
provides substantially no optical power to form an electro-active
optic. In such a case, the electro-active element or zone may be in
optical communication with an ophthalmic lens, but separated or
spaced apart from or not integral with the ophthalmic lens. The
ophthalmic lens may be an optical substrate or a lens.
[0037] A "lens" is any device or portion of a device that causes
light to converge or diverge (i.e., a lens is capable of focusing
light). A lens may be refractive or diffractive, or a combination
thereof. A lens may be concave, convex, or planar on one or both
surfaces. A lens may be spherical, cylindrical, prismatic, or a
combination thereof. A lens may be made of optical glass, plastic,
thermoplastic resins, thermoset resins, a composite of glass and
resin, or a composite of different optical grade resins or
plastics. It should be pointed out that within the optical industry
a device can be referred to as a lens even if it has zero optical
power (known as plano or no optical power). In this cases, the lens
can be referred to as a "plano lens." A lens may be either
conventional or non-conventional. A conventional lens corrects for
conventional errors of the eye including lower order aberrations
such as myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, and regular astigmatism. A
non-conventional lens corrects for non-conventional errors of the
eye including higher order aberrations that can be caused by ocular
layer irregularities or abnormalities. The lens may be a single
focus lens or a multifocal lens such as a Progressive Addition Lens
or a bifocal or trifocal lens. Contrastingly, an "optic," as used
herein, has substantially no optical power and is not capable of
focusing light (either by refraction or diffraction). The term
"refractive error" may refer to either conventional or
non-conventional errors of the eye. It should be noted that
redirecting light is not correcting a refractive error of the eye.
Therefore, redirecting light to a healthy portion of the retina,
for example, is not correcting a refractive error of the eye.
[0038] In some embodiments, the electro-active zone includes at
least one cavity, which is filled with an electro-active material.
Consistent with the above discussion, this cavity can be located at
any suitable location. For example, in some embodiments, the cavity
lies on the outer or inner surface of an ophthalmic lens. In other
embodiments, the cavity lies in the interior of an ophthalmic lens.
In general, the cavity is a sealed cavity, thereby preventing the
electro-active material from leaving the cavity during everyday
use. Any suitable electro-active material can be used, including
any optically birefringent material, including, but not limited to,
liquid crystals.
[0039] The electro-active zone can operate as a free-standing cell,
meaning that it is capable of changing optical power in a
standalone manner when electricity or an electrical potential is
applied. The electro-active zone can be located in any suitable
portion of the lens. In some embodiments, the electro-active zone
is located in the entire viewing area of the electro-active lens,
while, in other embodiments, it is located in just a portion
thereof. The electro-active zone may be located near the top,
middle, or bottom portion of the lens. It should be noted that the
electro-active zone may be capable of focusing light on its own and
does not need to be combined with an optical substrate or lens.
[0040] In certain embodiments, one or both lenses in the spectacles
include certain zones that correct for refractive errors of the
corresponding eye of a subject (i.e., a wearer). The following
discussion will refer to the lens in the singular, it being
understood that the features described can be implemented in both
lenses of a pair of spectacles, with the degree of correction
related to the refractive error present in the corresponding eye of
the wearer.
[0041] In some embodiments, the lens comprises one or more
conductive wires that connect the electro-active optical structure
to one or more contacts on the edge of the lens. In some
embodiments, these conductive wires are transparent, meaning that
the material transmits at least 75%, or at least 80%, or at least
85%, or at least 90%, or at least 95%, or at least 97%, or at least
99% of visible light. These conductive wires can be made of any
suitable material, such as indium tin oxide, conductive polymers,
or combinations thereof. In some such embodiments, the lens
comprises one or more contacts on the edge of the lens, each of
which is in electrical communication with at least one of the
conductive wires. These contacts can be made of any suitable
material. In some embodiments, these contacts are transparent (as
defined above). In some other embodiments, they are not. In some
embodiments, these contacts are made of a deformable material, such
as a conductive elastomeric material.
[0042] The frame comprises a contact disposed adjacent to the lens.
In some embodiments, this contact is on the interior part of the
lens facing the edge portion of the lens. In some embodiments, the
frame comprises more than one such contact. Such contacts connect
to one or more wires that are in electrical communication with a
control unit, which at least controls the electro-active optical
structure in the lens. The invention is not limited to any
particular type of wires. In some embodiments, the wires are
external to the frame, or are part of the frame itself In some
other embodiments, the wires are enclosed within the frame.
[0043] The pair of spectacles includes a control unit. The control
unit can be connected to the pair of spectacles in any suitable
way. In some embodiments, the control unit is not part of the
frame. For example, the control unit can be connected to the frame
via a wire, or may communicate to the frame wirelessly, such that
the control signals are transmitted to electrically signals that
run through the wires to the contacts. In some other embodiments,
the control unit is disposed on the exterior of the frame, or, in
some other embodiments, is enclosed by the frame. The control unit
can perform a variety of functions, including controlling the
electro-active optical structure within the lens.
[0044] The pair of spectacles also includes a conductive element
that electrically connects the edge contact of the lens to the
contact of the frame. The conductive element is formed from a
conductive material. In some embodiments, the conductive material
is elastomeric. In some embodiments, the conductive material is
flexible. In embodiments, where the conductive element is flexible
and/or elastomeric, it can deform slightly to account for changes
in the fir between the frame and the lens over time. In some
further embodiments, the conductive material adheres to the edge
contact of the first lens and to the contact of the frame, meaning
that the material resists separation from either of the contacts
when a force is applied that would otherwise cause separation. In
such embodiments, the conductive element does not maintain contact
with the contacts merely by physical compression. In such
embodiments, the conductive element need not be places under any
compressive stress at all because, due to its adhering to the
contacts, it can deform itself in response to changes in the fit
between the lens and the frame.
[0045] In some embodiments, the conductive element at least
partially fills a cavity between the lens and the frame. In some
such embodiments, the cavity is formed by a groove formed in the
frame, the lens, or both the frame and the lens.
[0046] In some embodiments, certain coatings or layers can be added
to the lens or frame, so as to improve the adherence of the
conductive element. Thus, in some embodiments, the portion of the
lens or frame that makes contact with the conductive element can be
coated with a conductive primer, a conductive paint, a conductive
polymer, or any combination thereof, so as to assist in forming an
adherent contact between the conductive element and the contacts.
Further, these surfaces can be treated physically, such as by
scoring and the like. In some other embodiments, a conductive
rubber piece can be disposed between either or both of the contacts
and the conductive element.
[0047] The conductive element can be formed from any suitable
conductive material. In some embodiments, the conductive material
is a conductive caulk. In some embodiments, it is a
moisture-resistant material. In some embodiments, the conductive
material comprises an adhesive binder and conductive particles. Any
suitable adhesive binder can be used. In some embodiments, the
adhesive binder is a cured material. In some such embodiments, the
adhesive binder comprises a material selected from the group
consisting of a silicone resin, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane
resin, and any combinations thereof. In some such embodiments, the
adhesive binder is a silicone resin. In some other such
embodiments, the adhesive binder is an epoxy resin. In some further
such embodiments, the adhesive binder is a polyurethane resin. As
to the conductive particles, any suitable conductive particles can
be used. In some embodiments, the conducive particles are selected
from the group consisting of silver particles, silver-coated
particles (e.g., silver-plated aluminum silver-plated copper),
nickel, nickel-coated particles (e.g., nickel-coated carbon), and
any combination thereof. The conductive material can have any
suitable ratio of the binder to the conductive particles, so long
as there is enough binder to maintain physical integrity and there
are enough conductive particles to allow for electrical
conductivity.
[0048] The conductive structure can have any suitable size,
depending on separation of the lens from the frame and any cavity
included.
[0049] The conductive material can include other ingredients as
well. In some embodiments, the conductive material includes an
additive for providing a tint to the material. In this way, the
color of the material can be adjusted to be similar to that of the
frame.
[0050] FIG. 1 depicts a lens 100 according to certain embodiments
of the invention. The lens 100 has electrical contacts 101 and a
cavity 102 formed around its edge.
[0051] FIG. 2 depicts pair of spectacles 200 according to one
embodiment of the invention, which contains a lens 100 within the
frame 201. The pair of spectacles 200 has a controller 202, a hinge
203, contacts on the frame 204, and the conductive element 205.
[0052] FIG. 3 depicts an interface between the frame and lens
according to one embodiment of the invention. The figure depicts a
frame 301, a lens 302, and a conductive element 303.
[0053] FIG. 4 depicts an interface between the frame and lens
according to one embodiment of the invention. The figure depicts a
frame 401, a lens 402, a conductive element 403, and a layer of
conductive primer 404.
[0054] FIG. 5 depicts an interface between the frame and lens
according to one embodiment of the invention. The figure depicts a
frame 501, a lens 502, a conductive element 503, a layer of
conductive primer 504, and a layer of conductive paint 505.
[0055] FIG. 6 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention. The figure depicts a lens with an exposed contact 601, a
layer of electrically conductive paint 602, the conductive element
603, a conductive rubber piece 604, and the electrical contact on
the frame 605.
[0056] FIG. 7 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention. The figure depicts a lens with an exposed contact 701, a
layer of electrically conductive paint 702, the conductive element
703, and the electrical contact on the frame 704.
[0057] FIG. 8 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention. The figure depicts a lens with an exposed contact 801,
the conductive element 802, and the electrical contact on the frame
803.
[0058] FIG. 9 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention. The figure depicts a lens with an exposed contact 901, a
layer of electrically conductive primer 902, the conductive element
903, and the electrical contact on the frame 904.
[0059] FIG. 10 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention. The figure depicts a lens with an exposed contact 1001,
a layer of electrically conductive primer 1002, a layer of
electrically conductive paint 1003, the conductive element 1004, a
conductive rubber piece 1005, and the electrical contact on the
frame 1006.
[0060] FIG. 11 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention. The figure depicts a lens with an exposed contact 1101,
a layer of electrically conductive polymer 1102, the conductive
element 1103, and the electrical contact on the frame 1104.
[0061] FIG. 12 depicts the disposition of layers at the interface
between the frame and the lens according to one embodiment of the
invention. The figure depicts a lens with an exposed contact 1201,
a layer of electrically conductive polymer 1202, the conductive
element 1203, a conductive rubber piece 1204, and the electrical
contact on the frame 1205.
[0062] In another aspect, the invention provides a method of
forming an electrical connection between a spectacle lens and a
frame, the method comprising: providing a spectacle lens, which
comprises an electro-active region in an interior portion, an
electrical contact on an edge portion, and a transparent wire
electrically connecting the electro-active region to the edge
contact; providing a frame, which comprises an electrical contact
disposed on an interior portion of the frame; and disposing a
flowable conductive material between the electrical contact of the
spectacle lens and the electrical contact of the frame, the
flowable conductive material being a curable material.
[0063] The method includes providing a spectacle lens, which
comprises an electro-active region in an interior portion, an
electrical contact on an edge portion, and a transparent wire
electrically connecting the electro-active region to the edge
contact. The invention can employ any suitable lens that possess
these features. For example, in some embodiments, the spectacle
lens can be a lens according to any of the embodiments described
above in this disclosure.
[0064] The method also includes providing a frame, which comprises
an electrical contact disposed on an interior portion of the frame.
The invention can employ any suitable frame that possess these
features. For example, in some embodiments, the frame can be a lens
according to any of the embodiments described above in this
disclosure.
The method also includes disposing a flowable conductive material
between the electrical contact of the spectacle lens and the
electrical contact of the frame. This can be carried out in any
suitable way. In some embodiments, the disposing comprises:
disposing an amount of the flowable conductive material onto an
edge portion of the spectacle lens; and disposing the spectacle
lens into the frame such that the flowable conductive material
makes contact with and electrically connects the electrical contact
of the spectacle lens and the electrical contact of the frame. In
some other embodiments, the disposing comprises: disposing an
amount of the flowable conductive material onto an interior portion
of the frame; and disposing the spectacle lens into the frame such
that the flowable conductive material makes contact with and
electrically connects the electrical contact of the spectacle lens
and the electrical contact of the frame. In some other embodiments,
the disposing comprises: disposing the spectacle lens into the
frame; and disposing an amount of the flowable conductive material
between the spectacle lens and the frame, such that the flowable
conductive material makes contact with and electrically connects
the electrical contact of the spectacle lens and the electrical
contact of the frame.
[0065] In some embodiments, the flowable conductive material is a
curable material, such as a conductive caulk. Such curing can be
done by any suitable means, including, but not limited to, drying,
heating, exposing to light, such as UV light, undergoing a chemical
reaction, etc. In some embodiments, the curing is performed by
drying. In some such embodiments, the method further comprises,
following the disposing step, curing the flowable conductive
material to form a conductive element.
[0066] In some embodiments, the conductive element at least
partially fills a cavity between the lens and the frame. In some
such embodiments, the cavity is formed by a groove formed in the
frame, the lens, or both the frame and the lens.
[0067] In some embodiments, certain coatings or layers can be added
to the lens or frame, so as to improve the adherence of the
conductive element. Thus, in some embodiments, the portion of the
lens or frame that makes contact with the conductive element can be
coated with a conductive primer, a conductive paint, a conductive
polymer, or any combination thereof, so as to assist in forming an
adherent contact between the conductive element and the contacts.
Further, these surfaces can be treated physically, such as by
scoring and the like, to improve the adherent contact between the
conductive element and one or both contacts. In some other
embodiments, a conductive rubber piece can be disposed between
either or both of the contacts and the conductive element.
[0068] The conductive element can be formed from any suitable
conductive material. In some embodiments, the conductive material
is a conductive caulk. In some embodiments, it is a
moisture-resistant material. In some embodiments, the conductive
material comprises an adhesive binder and conductive particles. Any
suitable adhesive binder can be used. In some embodiments, the
adhesive binder is a cured material. In some such embodiments, the
adhesive binder comprises a material selected from the group
consisting of a silicone resin, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane
resin, and any combinations thereof. In some such embodiments, the
adhesive binder is a silicone resin. In some other such
embodiments, the adhesive binder is an epoxy resin. In some further
such embodiments, the adhesive binder is a polyurethane resin. As
to the conductive particles, any suitable conductive particles can
be used. In some embodiments, the conducive particles are selected
from the group consisting of silver particles, silver-coated
particles (e.g., silver-plated aluminum silver-plated copper),
nickel, nickel-coated particles (e.g., nickel-coated carbon), and
any combination thereof. The conductive material can have any
suitable ratio of the binder to the conductive particles, so long
as there is enough binder to maintain physical integrity and there
are enough conductive particles to allow for electrical
conductivity.
[0069] The conductive structure can have any suitable size,
depending on separation of the lens from the frame and any cavity
included.
[0070] The conductive material can include other ingredients as
well. In some embodiments, the conductive material includes an
additive for providing a tint to the material. In this way, the
color of the material can be adjusted to be similar to that of the
frame.
[0071] FIG. 13 depicts a flow chart showing an embodiment of a
method of forming an electrical connection between a spectacle lens
and a frame 1300, comprising: providing a spectacle lens, which
comprises an electro-active region in an interior portion, an
electrical contact on an edge portion, and a transparent wire
electrically connecting the electro-active region to the edge
contact 1301; providing a frame, which comprises an electrical
contact disposed on an interior portion of the frame 1302; and
disposing a flowable conductive material between the electrical
contact of the spectacle lens and the electrical contact of the
frame, the flowable conductive material being a curable material
1303.
[0072] FIG. 14 depicts a flow chart showing an embodiment of a
method of forming an electrical connection between a spectacle lens
and a frame 1400, comprising: providing a spectacle lens, which
comprises an electro-active region in an interior portion, an
electrical contact on an edge portion, and a transparent wire
electrically connecting the electro-active region to the edge
contact 1401; providing a frame, which comprises an electrical
contact disposed on an interior portion of the frame 1402;
disposing an amount of the flowable conductive material onto an
edge portion of the spectacle lens 1403; and disposing the
spectacle lens into the frame such that the flowable conductive
material makes contact with and electrically connects the
electrical contact of the spectacle lens and the electrical contact
of the frame 1404.
[0073] FIG. 15 depicts a flow chart showing an embodiment of a
method of forming an electrical connection between a spectacle lens
and a frame 1500, comprising: providing a spectacle lens, which
comprises an electro-active region in an interior portion, an
electrical contact on an edge portion, and a transparent wire
electrically connecting the electro-active region to the edge
contact 1501; providing a frame, which comprises an electrical
contact disposed on an interior portion of the frame 1502;
disposing an amount of the flowable conductive material onto an
interior portion of the frame 1503; disposing the spectacle lens
into the frame such that the flowable conductive material makes
contact with and electrically connects the electrical contact of
the spectacle lens and the electrical contact of the frame
1504.
[0074] FIG. 16 depicts a flow chart showing an embodiment of a
method of forming an electrical connection between a spectacle lens
and a frame 1600, comprising: providing a spectacle lens, which
comprises an electro-active region in an interior portion, an
electrical contact on an edge portion, and a transparent wire
electrically connecting the electro-active region to the edge
contact 1601; providing a frame, which comprises an electrical
contact disposed on an interior portion of the frame 1602;
disposing the spectacle lens into the frame 1603; and disposing an
amount of the flowable conductive material between the spectacle
lens and the frame, such that the flowable conductive material
makes contact with and electrically connects the electrical contact
of the spectacle lens and the electrical contact of the frame
1604.
* * * * *