U.S. patent application number 13/793430 was filed with the patent office on 2013-11-28 for peakpower energy management and control system method and apparatus.
The applicant listed for this patent is Edward L. Davis. Invention is credited to Edward L. Davis.
Application Number | 20130318081 13/793430 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 41652360 |
Filed Date | 2013-11-28 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130318081 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Davis; Edward L. |
November 28, 2013 |
PEAKPOWER ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL SYSTEM METHOD AND
APPARATUS
Abstract
An integrated Energy Management and/or Control System method and
apparatus that continually monitors power consumption on each piece
of equipment 2417 and performs detailed analyses of energy
consumption curves including derivatives and compares data to
historical data on the same equipment as well as going online and
acquiring manufacturers specs and comparing to that as well as the
same model number equipment in the same or other locations, in
order to detect anomalies, abnormal energy consumption or provide
early warning of equipment failures.
Inventors: |
Davis; Edward L.; (Tigard,
OR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Davis; Edward L. |
Tigard |
OR |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
41652360 |
Appl. No.: |
13/793430 |
Filed: |
March 11, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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12538767 |
Aug 10, 2009 |
8396678 |
|
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13793430 |
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61142838 |
Jan 6, 2009 |
|
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61087963 |
Aug 11, 2008 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
707/736 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H02J 3/003 20200101;
H02J 13/00004 20200101; H02J 13/0079 20130101; Y02B 90/20 20130101;
H02J 13/00028 20200101; G05D 23/19 20130101; H02J 13/0086 20130101;
Y04S 20/222 20130101; H02J 2310/14 20200101; Y02B 70/3225 20130101;
Y04S 20/00 20130101; H02J 3/14 20130101; H02J 13/00024 20200101;
Y02A 30/60 20180101; H02J 13/00002 20200101; Y04S 20/242 20130101;
G05B 15/02 20130101; H02J 13/0075 20130101; Y02B 70/30 20130101;
H02J 2310/12 20200101; G06F 16/22 20190101; H02J 11/00 20130101;
Y04S 40/126 20130101; Y04S 20/244 20130101; G05B 13/02
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
707/736 |
International
Class: |
G06F 17/30 20060101
G06F017/30 |
Claims
1. A method for using various devices and links to manufacturer's
specs and datasheets or actual specs and datasheets for the various
devices, to build a device profile database based on the
manufacturer's specifications of how much power a refrigeration
device should take, along with the heuristic data acquired from
each type or model number of each device.
2. Automated software for updating a device(s) profile signature
over time based on real data and the real signature that is
detected from devices through the Peak Power System.
3. A system for automatically updating a devices profile signature
over days, months, and years based on real data, and the real
signature that is detected and assimilated from many similar
devices through the Peak Power System; and when a device is
beginning to deviate from these adaptive signature parametrics, the
Peak Power System triggers an alert or alarm, regardless of what
the operator has set the alert/alarm limits to.
Description
CLAIM OF PRIORITY
[0001] This divisional application is related to, and claims
priority to provisional utility application entitled "PEAK POWER
SYSTEM," filed on Aug. 11, 2008, having an application number of
61/087,963; and further is related to, and claims priority to
provisional utility application entitled "SIDECAR FOR PEAK POWER
SYSTEM," filed on Jan. 6, 2009, having an application number of
61/142,838; and further is related to, and claims priority to the
non-provisional utility application entitled "PEAKPOWER ENERGY
MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL SYSTEM METHOD AND APPARATUS," filed on Aug.
10, 2009, having an application number of Ser. No. 12/538,767
(Attorney Docket No. 9159P004), the entire contents of which are
incorporated herein by reference.
COPYRIGHT NOTICE
[0002] A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains
material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright
owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of
the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the
Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise
reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
BACKGROUND
[0003] 1. Field of the Invention
[0004] Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to
Energy Management and Control Systems (EMCS).
[0005] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0006] Conventional Energy Management and Control Systems are not
totally integrated into the fabric of the control panels and wiring
at the circuit level. Many times, clamp-on CT's are brought into a
facility and the circuits are monitored for a few days to
characterize typical energy usage, then all the equipment and
instrumentation is removed before the "Fire Marshal" arrives. The
conventional methods have such a "rats nest" of wiring and
instrumentation hanging out of the panels that it would never pass
the "Fire Marshal" inspection.
[0007] Conventional Energy Management and Control Systems do not do
first and second derivatives and utilize historical graphs and
graphs of similar equipment to anticipate equipment abnormalities
and potential failures.
[0008] Conventional Energy Management and Control Systems are
largely localized at a specific location. There is no means for
comparing the energy consumption patterns of a piece of equipment
at one location to the same or similar type of equipment at another
location.
[0009] Conventional Energy Management and Control Systems relays
require continuous energy to hold them in certain positions. A
Normally Open (NO) relay requires continuous energy to keep it
closed. A Normally Closed (NC) relay requires continuous energy to
keep it open.
[0010] There is a need for a relay that doesn't waste energy that
will hold in any position without consuming outside energy. The
instant invention accomplishes all these goals, and thus, the
present state of the art may therefore benefit from the PeakPower
energy management and control systems, methods, and apparatuses as
described herein.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly
integrated, innocuous (almost invisible) energy management and
control system hardware and software, which operates continuously
24/7/365 and may be monitored and controlled over the Internet from
virtually anywhere in the world. It silently monitors and alerts
humans only when there's a problem that it can't handle.
[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide
virtually continuous, monitoring and analysis of energy consuming
equipment and detecting early warning signs of increasing energy
use or potential failure.
[0013] Another object of the present invention is to be able to
actively remotely control energy usage and thermostats via the
internet, (e.g. in case someone leaves an air conditioner on after
hours).
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] The present invention may be better understood, and its
numerous objects, features, and advantages made apparent to those
skilled in the art by referencing the accompanying drawings.
[0015] FIGS. 1a and 1b depict a prior art image of an existing
three phase circuit breaker, specifically in which FIG. 1a is a
Prior Art Circuit Breaker as front view 100 and further in which
FIG. 1b is a Prior Art LFD Current Limiter 110.
[0016] FIG. 2: The PeakPower System Components illustrates the
components of the system including the PeakPower Central Server,
PeakPower Gateway Cellular WAN Module, PeakPower Commander Device,
Temperature-Pressure-Humidity Sensor, Gas Sensor, Liquid Sensor,
Wireless Thermostat, Operational Software and various user
terminals (Laptop, tablet, Cell Phone, etc.) depicted at the
various elements 200 PeakPower commander in a clear enclosure, 210
standard off the shelf 3-phase breaker, 220 PeakPower Gateway
cellular WAN module, 230 PeakPower main server, 240 PeakPower
software, 250 computers, PDAs, cell phones, tablets for monitoring
local or remote in which colors indicate level of alert, 260 sensor
for gas usage sends data to gateway wired or wireless, uses battery
or AC power, 270 sensor for water usage, sends data to gateway
wired or wireless, uses battery or AC power, 280 Sensor for
temperature, humidity and pressure, sends data to gateway wired or
wireless, uses battery or AC power, and 290 wireless thermostat
receives commands and sends status via gateway over Internet to
server, uses battery or AC power.
[0017] FIG. 3: PeakPower Commander in Clear Case Installed beside
Circuit Breaker, shows how the PeakPower Commander Sensor and
communications unit mounts next to an existing Circuit Breaker.
[0018] FIG. 4: Photograph, PeakPower Commander Front View, shows
the components and CT's on the front of the PeakPower Commander
unit as depicted at elements 400 depicting Current Transformers
(CTs).
[0019] FIG. 5: The Current Transformer (CT) used as a standard
current measuring device.
[0020] FIG. 6: The CT used to extract power during the intervals
when it's not measuring, so that it supplies power to the PeakPower
Commander Device.
[0021] FIG. 7: One or more of the CT's may be used for
communications over the power line(s). This figure illustrates the
Transmit mode.
[0022] FIG. 8: One or more of the CT's may be used for
communications over the power line(s), figure illustrates the
Receive mode.
[0023] FIG. 9: Voltage versus Current Zero Crossings at element 900
depicting Zero crossing for Voltage and Current that are 180
degrees out of phase, showing how the PeakPower commander
communicates near zero crossings using the CT that it measures
current with.
[0024] FIG. 10: The PeakPower Commander Board Schematic,
illustrating one of the preferred embodiments.
[0025] FIG. 11 is a mechanical drawing of the preferred embodiment
#2 of the Multi-Stable Relay according to the present
invention.
[0026] FIG. 12 is a bottom view of the preferred embodiment #2 of
the Multi-Stable Relay.
[0027] FIG. 13 is a side view of the preferred embodiment #2 of the
Multi-Stable Relay.
[0028] FIG. 14 is a photograph of the sub-GigaHertz wireless module
used for local communications between Gateway and Sensors.
[0029] FIG. 15 is the "PeakPower System--Power Monitoring
Architecture". This is a high level diagram that doesn't include
the entire host of monitoring devices (e.g. Temperature, Pressure,
Humidity, Gas Flow, Liquid Flow, Thermostats etc.) This is just to
give a high level communications overview to show how some of the
key pieces of the system fit together and communicate in a power
monitoring application.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The following sets forth a detailed description of a mode
for carrying out the invention. The description is intended to be
illustrative of the invention and should not be taken to be
limiting.
[0031] The PeakPower Management and Control System is organized as
a hierarchical system (see FIG. 15). It is comprised of a Central
Server at the top which manages and controls several Gateways at
several different locations.
[0032] FIG. 15 illustrates a basic PeakPower System for a Power
Monitoring application. This is a high level diagram of the key
pieces for Power Monitoring. This includes a Gateway device at each
location to gather and manage the data at that site and forward
that data up to the main server(s) for further processing, analysis
and closed loop control. This diagram doesn't include the entire
host of monitoring devices (e.g. Temperature, Pressure, Humidity,
Gas Flow, Liquid Flow, Thermostats etc.). Please refer to FIG. 2
for details. This is just a high level communications architecture
overview to show how some of the key pieces of the system fit
together and communicate in a power monitoring application. Note
that equipment power usage characteristics and curves on a piece of
equipment in Location 1 may be analyzed and correlated with the
patterns observed on the same type equipment in Location 2 or
Location n and adjusted for environmental conditions, to determine
if it's outside a preset "corridor" of operation. If so, an ALERT
or an ALARM will be set dependent on how far outside limits it is
or how rapidly (derivative) it's proceeding to go out of
limits.
[0033] FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of the PeakPower Management
and Control Apparatus that includes sensors, relays, acquisition,
processing and analysis software and operational user interface.
The sensors monitor power in the power lines, they also derive all
the power required to drive the monitor module apparatus from the
power lines they are monitoring. Said modules also communicate over
said power lines all without making physical contact with said
power lines.
[0034] The Power Management and Control Software at element 240
performs statistical analysis on all signals including first and
second derivatives and compares it to data acquired on previous
dates and times as well as comparing it to manufacturers specs as
well as data from the same model of equipment in other locations to
detect early warning signs of potential failures or anomalies in
the power used by this equipment versus other same or similar
equipment in order to optimize energy use.
[0035] The Power Management and Control User Interface shown
replicated on the Computer, Cell Phone and PDA in element 250 uses
a priority pop-up scheme to pop-up the most critical alert or alarm
item out of the group currently being monitored to bring instant
attention to it (Border colored Red is a Critical ALARM) (Border
colored Yellow is a warning ALERT) (Border colored Green means it's
within limits) and give the operator timely data to make critical
decisions instantly. There is a set of Red, Yellow, Green
indicators (like idiot lights) across the top (or bottom) of the
screen where the overall status of all entities being monitors is
viewable at a glance. The Red once always pop to the upper left
corner and sound the buzzer.
[0036] If multiple ALARMS occur they propagate to the right upper
corner then the lower left corner then finally the lower right
corner if four alarms occur before they can be corrected and return
to green status. After the screen is full, the idiot lights at the
top are used to manage further red and yellow ALARMS and ALERTS. As
the ALARMS or ALERTS are corrected, they return to GREEN.
[0037] Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a PeakPower
System, which includes the Peak Power Commander Sensor Module. The
Peak Power System provides local and/or remote control of various
aspects of device operation (e.g., power, security, etc.) for
commercial, industrial and/or residential applications. In some
embodiments, the Peak Power System may monitor temperature and
reset a thermostat, turn on/off an air conditioning or
refrigeration unit, etc.
[0038] The Peak Power System is described in detail in U.S.
Provisional Application No. 61/087,963, titled "Peak Power System"
filed on Aug. 11, 2008, the entire disclosure of which is hereby
incorporated by reference.
[0039] A Sidecar embodiment of the "Peak Power System" is described
in detail in U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/142,838, titled
"Sidecar for Peak Power System" filed on Jan. 6, 2009, the entire
disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. The
"Sidecar" has since been renamed, "PeakPwr Commander", hereinafter
referred to as "PeakPower CMDR".
[0040] The present disclosure implements the Peak Power System's
energy sensor through a PeakPower CMDR device that may be coupled,
e.g., installed, beside a conventional circuit breaker such as, but
not limited to, an Eaton (Cutler-Hammer) ED and FD type of circuit
breaker, see, e.g., FIG. 1a. In other embodiments, the PeakPower
CMDR may be configured to couple with other circuit breakers. The
PeakPower CMDR is a somewhat similar form factor to the LFD Current
Limiter shown in FIG. 1b. Although, the PeakPower CMDR makes no
physical connection to any of the wires, except the wires pass
directly through the hole(s) in the PeakPower CMDR (insulation and
all in some cases) with no screws required, because the wire is not
physically attached to the PeakPower CMDR.
[0041] The PeakPower CMDR may have three phases and the board
mounts in the case so that the wires go straight through the three
current sensors and out the other side. There is no physical
electrical connection or physical connection required. The sensing
and communications are all done via current Transformers (CT's).
Even the power to drive the PeakPower CMDR is extracted through
these CT's. For instance, FIG. 6 depicts element 600, in which the
CT is alternately switched (Using very low R.sub.DS ON FET's) to
build up power to power the PeakPower Commander Module using Low
V.sub.f Schottky diodes and further in which The CT supplies power
to the PeakPower Commander Device.
[0042] The PeakPower CMDR may communicate through the wires it's
monitoring or it may communicate through the Sub-GigaHertz wireless
module that plugs onto the tear of the main board. Refer to FIG. 14
in which an RF Module (433 MHz or 900 MHz) is depicted having
thereupon elements 1400 of a chip antenna, 1401 of a crystal
oscillator, 1402 of a CC 1101 Transceiver, 1403 of a connector to
connect to a main board or to a battery, and element 1404 of an
MSP430 processor with a temperature sensor. Note, this module has a
space to plug in the temperature and humidity sensors so that the
same module can be used as the Temperature/Pressure/Humidity
sensor, simply by connecting a battery to it and placing it in a
separate enclosure.
[0043] The pressure sensor is a Pegasus MPL115A MEMS type sensor
(very tiny).
[0044] Referring to FIG. 3, in this embodiment, there are three
current transducers (CT) mounted on the Printed Circuit Board (PCB)
in a row. The three Wires are momentarily disconnected from the
breaker, then routed through the three CT's and back into the
Breaker like they normally go, and the screws in the Breaker are
used to secure the Wires as usual.
[0045] FIGS. 3 and 4 show perspective views of a circuit breaker
with the PeakPower CMDR coupled thereto in accordance with some
embodiments. The housing of the PeakPower CMDR is shown as
semitransparent in FIG. 3 and is not shown in FIG. 4.
[0046] One key element of the PeakPower CMDR is the communications
methodology. The PeakPower CMDR utilizes the Current Transformer(s)
(CTs) for communications, obviating the need for physically
connecting to the wire(s).
[0047] A key novelty of this technique is that the current and
voltage on the Wire(s) is 90 degrees out of phase. See FIG. 9 for
an illustration of this relationship. In prior art techniques (e.g.
X-I 0) the communications must occur at or near the Voltage zero
crossing when the voltage in the line is at a low ebb. The
PeakPower CMDR, however, is more flexible. Since it utilizes a
"Current" Transformer to communicate, it can also transmit and
receive when the Line Voltage is at or near its MAXIMUM, because
that's when the Current is near zero. The PeakPower CMDR typically
sends or receives high frequency pulses during a preset narrow
window of time relative to a cycle (typically 50 Hz or 60 Hz).
Also, the position of the pulse(s) within this window may be
further interpreted to yield even more data bits per cycle.
[0048] The liquid and gas flow meters in the preferred embodiment
(FIG. 2) may use similar Doppler technology, or Magnetic-Inductive
or Coriolis type sensor pickups. The small wall-wart attached to it
contains the sub GigaHertz wireless module or it can optionally
communicate via Power Line Controller (PLC). For instance, FIG. 5
depicts element 500, in which the Current Transformer (CT) measures
current via the magnetic field generated when the current passes
through it, and further in which the Current Transformer (CT) is
used as a current measuring device.
[0049] FIG. 10 illustrates a circuit schematic of the PeakPower
CMDR as set forth at element PCB 123 of FIG. 10 depicting the
PeakPower Commander Board Schematic, in accordance with some
embodiments. This shows how the two CT's on the left (L1 and L2)
are full wave rectified (when they are not being sampled) in order
to extract power to power the device. They normally sample once
every 15 to 30 seconds for only a few milliseconds.
[0050] The instant invention solves the problems of prior art
relays too. The Multi-Stable Relay consumes much less (near zero)
energy. The only energy required is a minimal amount of energy (a
pulse) to change the relay from one state to another.
[0051] The Power Management and Control relays in FIGS. 11, 12 and
13 are novel requiring zero electrical energy to remain enabled or
disabled, referred to as a Permanent Magnet Multi-pole, Multi-Throw
Relay that has a magnetic detent at every throw position requiring
no electrical energy to be applied to keep it closed or open as the
case may be.
[0052] This "Control" portion of this PEAKPOWER ENERGY MANAGEMENT
AND CONTROL SYSTEM is referred to as a Multi-Stable Magnetic Relay
Multi-stable relay method and apparatus for switching electrical
power with zero holding current. For instance, FIG. 7 depicts
element 700, in which one or more of the CTs may be switched (e.g.,
using very low R.sub.DS ON FETs) to use it as a communications
device for transmitting and receiving. FIG. 7 thus depicts one
implementation for the transmit side of the PeakPower Commander
Board. According to FIG. 7, one or more of the CTs may be used for
communications over the power line(s) in transmit mode.
[0053] This method and apparatus for switching power, requires no
activation or hold current once it's switched to any state. Any
detent state is held by permanent magnet force and requires zero
current to hold the relay in any detent state position. For
instance, FIG. 8 depicts element 800, in which one or more of the
CTs may be switched (e.g., using very low R.sub.DS ON FETs) to use
it as a communications device for transmitting and receiving. FIG.
8 thus depicts one implementation for the receive side of the
PeakPower Commander Board. According to FIG. 8, one or more of the
CTs may be used for communications over the power line(s) in
receive mode.
[0054] The Relay Preferred Embodiment #1 is as disclosed in the
Provisional application A/N 61/087,963 filed 11 Aug. 2008 which is
included in its entirety by reference.
[0055] Preferred embodiment #2: This preferred embodiment is a
simple form, a Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT) version in FIG.
11.
[0056] The enclosure case at element 1100 is plastic and could be
polycarbonate, ABS, acrylic, etc. There are five connector pins at
element 1110 in this embodiment which make electrical contact to
the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) usually via a connector socket that
is soldered down onto the PCB when it's manufactured.
[0057] FIG. 12 is a bottom view of the Multi-Stable Relay showing
the five connector pins. These pins are typically fairly large in
order to minimize losses when high currents are passing through.
The Main Voltage/Current Input/Output Pin at element 1200 is where
the main input current/voltage or output current/voltage either
enters or exits. It's bi-directional.
[0058] The Voltage/Current Input/Output Pin-1 at element 1210 is
where one input current/voltage or one output current/voltage
either enters or exits. This pin is also referred to as NOC-1 which
means "Normally Open or Closed". This is to distinguish it from
prior art which is either NO or NC. This pin is also
bi-directional.
[0059] The Voltage/Current Input/Output Pin-2 at element 1230 is
where a second input current/voltage or one output current/voltage
either enters or exits. This pin is also referred to as NOC-2. This
pin is also bi-directional.
[0060] The Control Pins, Control Pulse-1 at element 1220 and
Control Pulse-2 at element 1240 are where the activation switching
signal is applied.
[0061] When element 1240 is held at Ground potential and a 20 msec
12 Volt pulse is applied to element 1220 the Relay goes to STATE 1
where MAIN at element 1200 is connected to element 1210. And it
stays in that state consuming no detention until an opposite
polarity pulse is received.
[0062] For example, when element 1220 is held at Ground potential
and a 20 msec 12 Volt pulse is applied to element 240 the Relay
goes to STATE 2 where MAIN at element 1200 is connected to element
1230.
[0063] And it stays in that state consuming no detention power
until an opposite polarity pulse is received.
[0064] In FIG. 3 In order to move the torsion beam conductor at
element 1370 over to the left side and activate current flow
between pins at elements 1200 and 1210, the control pin at element
1220 is momentarily switched to Ground and a 12 VDC pulse is
applied to pin at element 1240 for 20 msec. The pulse goes through
both inductor coils.
[0065] The momentary magnetic field generated in the two coils
pushes the magnet(s) to the left. Actually the Left Coil at element
1370 on the left attracts the north pole of the magnet(s) and
element 1370 on the right repels the South pole so that the magnet
"sticks" to the left ferromagnetic screw, causing the osculating
contact at element 1310 to make solid contact with element 1300,
the Voltage/Current Input/Output Pin-1 Static Contact and current
flows with no further activation or detent current required.
Elements 1310 Voltage/Current input/output NOC-1 Osculating
contact, 1320 Reciprocating Magnet(s) Left and Right, 1330 screw or
rivet made of slightly ferrous material detent to attract and hold
reciprocating magnet(s) left and right, 1340 planar support bar,
left and right, 1350 left to right support stiffener, 1360 Torsion
beam electrical conductor main voltage/current input/output, 1380
voltage/current input/output-2 NOC-2 static contact, and 1390
voltage/current input/output-2 NOC-2 osculating contact are further
depicted.
[0066] In order to flip the Relay to Position 2 on the right simply
reverse the process by momentarily holding pin at element 1240 to
Ground and applying a 12 VDC pulse for 20 msec to the pin at
element 1220.
[0067] An alternative method for flipping the relay is to tie one
of the Control pins to ground either one of elements 1220 or 1240
and pulse the other pin with +12 VDC then -12 VDC alternately to
flip it back and forth.
[0068] This Multi-Stable Relay at FIGS. 11, 12, 13 is one of the
key elements in providing Control in this EMC System. They are
normally equipped with a sub-GigaHertz wireless unit so that the
Gateway at element 220 can turn them on and off based on normal
preset cycles or problem conditions or due to commands received
over the Internet.
[0069] In FIG. 2, element 1290 is the Wireless Thermostat which is
another one of the key control elements of this Energy Management
and Control System. This Thermostat contains a subGigaHertz
wireless Tx/Rx radio and is controlled directly through the
wireless radio in the Gateway Module at element 220. The Gateway
Module at element 220 is connected to the PeakPower Server at
element 230 via the Internet (depicted via the lightning bolts)
either wired or wirelessly via Cellular wireless (e.g. 3G) radio.
So the end user or Energy Management person is able to change the
thermostat from virtually anywhere in the world!
[0070] While particular embodiments of the present invention have
been shown and described, it will be recognized to those skilled in
the art that, based upon the teachings herein, further changes and
modifications may be made without departing from this invention and
its broader aspects, and thus, the appended claims are to encompass
within their scope all such changes and modifications as are within
the true spirit and scope of this invention.
* * * * *