U.S. patent application number 13/474663 was filed with the patent office on 2013-11-21 for cutting bit with split wear ring.
This patent application is currently assigned to KENNAMETAL INC.. The applicant listed for this patent is Paul A. Bookhamer, Nicholas J. Paros. Invention is credited to Paul A. Bookhamer, Nicholas J. Paros.
Application Number | 20130307317 13/474663 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 49511080 |
Filed Date | 2013-11-21 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130307317 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Bookhamer; Paul A. ; et
al. |
November 21, 2013 |
Cutting Bit With Split Wear Ring
Abstract
A cutting bit includes an elongate body having a shank portion
and a head portion with a forward end. The head portion has an
annular channel defined therein adjacent to and rearwardly of the
forward end of the head portion. The annular channel has an angled
bottom surface. The cutting bit also includes a split wear ring
positionable in the annular channel and structured and arranged to
be retainably held in the annular channel. The cutting bit further
includes a hard cutting tip affixed to the forward end of the head
portion.
Inventors: |
Bookhamer; Paul A.;
(Altoona, PA) ; Paros; Nicholas J.; (Johnstown,
PA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Bookhamer; Paul A.
Paros; Nicholas J. |
Altoona
Johnstown |
PA
PA |
US
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
KENNAMETAL INC.
Latrobe
PA
|
Family ID: |
49511080 |
Appl. No.: |
13/474663 |
Filed: |
May 17, 2012 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
299/104 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E21C 35/183
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
299/104 |
International
Class: |
E21C 35/18 20060101
E21C035/18 |
Claims
1. A cutting bit comprising: an elongate body having a shank
portion and a head portion with a forward end, wherein the head
portion has an annular channel defined therein adjacent to and
rearwardly of the forward end of the head portion, the annular
channel having an angled bottom surface; a split wear ring
positionable in the annular channel and structured and arranged to
be retainably held in the annular channel; and a hard cutting tip
affixed to the forward end of the head portion.
2. The cutting bit of claim 1, wherein the split wear ring has an
angled lower surface positioned adjacent to and for cooperating
with the angled bottom surface of the annular channel to retainably
hold the split wear ring in the annular channel.
3. The cutting bit of claim 2, wherein the annular channel includes
an angled top surface generally opposed to the angled bottom
surface and a side wall extending between the angled bottom surface
and the angled top surface.
4. The cutting bit of claim 3, wherein the split wear ring has an
angled upper surface positioned adjacent to and for cooperating
with the angled top surface of the annular channel to retainably
hold the split wear ring in the annular channel.
5. The cutting bit of claim 1, wherein the angled bottom surface is
generally planar and extends in a plane at an angle A to a central
longitudinal axis of the elongate body, wherein the angle A is less
than 90 degrees.
6. The cutting bit of claim 5, wherein the angle A is in the range
of 60 degrees to 70 degrees.
7. The cutting bit of claim 3, wherein the angled top surface is
generally planar and extends in a plane at an angle B to a central
longitudinal axis of the elongate body, wherein the angle B is less
than 90 degrees.
8. The cutting bit of claim 7, wherein the angle B is in the range
of 60 degrees to 70 degrees.
9. The cutting bit of claim 4, wherein: the angled lower surface is
generally planar and extends in a plane at an angle C to a center
axis of the split wear ring that is perpendicular to a longitudinal
axis containing the split wear ring, wherein the angle C is less
than 90 degrees; and the angled upper surface is generally planar
and extends in a plane at an angle D to a center axis of the split
wear ring that is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis containing
the split wear ring, wherein the angle D is less than 90
degrees.
10. The cutting bit of claim 1, wherein the split wear ring
includes two sections.
11. The cutting bit of claim 1, wherein the split wear ring
includes adjacent sections that contact each other at abutting
faces.
12. A split wear ring for positioning in an annular channel formed
on a head portion of a cutting bit having a central longitudinal
axis, the split wear ring comprising: an angled lower surface; and
an opposing angled upper surface, wherein the angled lower surface
and the opposing angled upper surface are structured and arranged
to be retainably held in the annular channel.
13. The split wear ring of claim 12, wherein the angled lower
surface is generally planar and extends in a plane at an angle C to
a center axis of the split wear ring that is perpendicular to a
longitudinal axis containing the split wear ring, wherein the angle
C is less than 90 degrees.
14. The split wear ring of claim 12, wherein the angled upper
surface is generally planar and extends in a plane at an angle D to
a center axis of the split wear ring that is perpendicular to a
longitudinal axis containing the split wear ring, wherein the angle
D is less than 90 degrees.
15. The split wear ring of claim 12, wherein the split wear ring
includes two sections.
16. The split wear ring of claim 12, wherein the split wear ring
includes adjacent sections that contact each other at abutting
faces.
17. An elongate body of a cutting bit adapted to receive a split
wear ring, the elongate body comprising: a shank portion; and a
head portion with a forward end, wherein the head portion has an
annular channel defined therein adjacent to and rearwardly of the
forward end of the head portion, the annular channel structured and
arranged to retainably hold the split wear ring therein.
18. The elongate body of claim 17, wherein the annular channel
includes an angled bottom surface, an angled top surface generally
opposed to the angled bottom surface and a side wall extending
between the angled bottom surface and the angled top surface.
19. The elongate body of claim 18, wherein the angled bottom
surface is generally planar and extends in a plane at an angle A to
a central longitudinal axis of the elongate body, wherein the angle
A is less than 90 degrees.
20. The elongate body of claim 18, wherein the angled bottom
surface is generally planar and extends in a plane at an angle B to
a central longitudinal axis of the elongate body, wherein the angle
B is less than 90 degrees.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to road milling, mining and
excavating tools, and more particularly relates to cutting bits
with wear rings that reduce wear of such tools.
[0002] Cutting bits are used in various road milling, mining and
excavating operations. The bits are mounted on a support structure
such as a rotary drum. Each bit typically has a hard wear resistant
tip made of a material such as tungsten carbide attached to a
generally conical steel head of the bit. A problem with such
designs is that the softer steel backing material erodes during
cutting operations.
[0003] Wear resistant cutting bits have been developed in order to
increase erosion resistance. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 7,530,642
discloses the use of wear rings positioned in an annular channel
formed in a cutting bit body. However, it has been found that these
wear rings are difficult to assemble and retain in place during the
manufacturing process, e.g. while brazing the wear rings in the
channel in the cutting bit body. In addition, a steel retainer ring
is needed to hold the wear rings in place during the manufacturing
process.
[0004] Thus, it can be appreciated that it would be highly
desirable to provide an improved cutting bit with improved wear
resistance. It can also be appreciated that it would be highly
desirable to provide such an improved cutting bit that is easier
and more affordable to manufacture.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] In accordance with an aspect of the invention, a cutting bit
includes an elongate body having a shank portion and a head portion
with a forward end, wherein the head portion has an annular channel
defined therein adjacent to and rearwardly of the forward end of
the head portion. The annular channel has an angled bottom surface.
The cutting bit also includes a split wear ring positionable in the
annular channel and structured and arranged to be retainably held
in the annular channel, and a hard cutting tip affixed to the
forward end of the head portion.
[0006] In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a split
wear ring for positioning in an annular groove formed on a head
portion of a cutting bit having a central longitudinal axis
includes an angled lower surface and an opposing angled upper
surface. The angled lower surface and the opposing angled upper
surface are structured and arranged to be retainably held in the
annular channel.
[0007] In accordance with an additional aspect of the invention, an
elongate body of a cutting bit adapted to receive a split wear ring
includes a shank portion and a head portion with a forward end. The
head portion has an annular channel defined therein adjacent to and
rearwardly of the forward end of the head portion. The annular
channel is structured and arranged to retainably hold the split
wear ring therein.
[0008] These and other aspects of the present invention will be
more fully understood following a review of this specification and
drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a cutting bit, in accordance
with an aspect of the invention.
[0010] FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the cutting bit shown
in FIG. 1, in accordance with an aspect of the invention.
[0011] FIG. 3 is an additional partial sectional view similar to
FIG. 2 with parts removed, in accordance with an aspect of the
invention.
[0012] FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a split wear ring, in
accordance with an aspect of the invention.
[0013] FIG. 5 is an isometric view of a section of the split wear
ring shown in FIG. 4, in accordance with an aspect of the
invention.
[0014] FIG. 6 is a partial, front sectional view of the section of
the split wear ring shown in FIG. 5, in accordance with an aspect
of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] Referring to FIGS. 1-3, there is illustrated a cutting bit,
generally designated as reference number 10, in accordance with
aspects of the invention. It will be appreciated that the invention
has application to various kinds of cutting tools useful in various
kinds of cutting operations. Exemplary operations include, without
limitation, road planing (or milling), coal mining, concrete
cutting, and other kinds of cutting operations wherein a cutting
bit with a hard cutting member impinges against a substrate (e.g.,
earth strata, pavement, asphaltic highway material, concrete, and
the like) breaking the substrate into pieces of a variety of sizes
including larger-size pieces or chunks and smaller-sized pieces
including dust-like particles. In addition, it will be appreciated
that the cutting bit 10 of the invention may be manufactured in
various sizes and dimensions depending upon the desired application
of the tool.
[0016] Cutting bit 10 has a central longitudinal axis X-X. Cutting
bit 10 includes an elongate body, generally designated as 12, which
typically is made of, for example, steel. Elongate body 12 has an
axial forward end 14 and an axial rearward end 16.
[0017] Elongate body 12 further includes a head portion 18 adjacent
the axial forward end 14 and a shank portion 20 adjacent the axial
rearward end 16. The shank portion 20 may be provided with various
shapes and configurations. In one aspect, the shank portion 20 may
be structured and arranged to be non-rotatable such that the
cutting bit 10 is a non-rotatable type cutting tool. In another
aspect, the shank portion 20 may be structured and arranged to be
rotatable such that the cutting bit 10 is a rotatable type cutting
tool.
[0018] In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the
cutting bit 10 further includes a hard cutting tip, generally
designated as reference number 22 adjacent the axial forward end 14
(see, for example, FIGS. 2 and 3). The hard cutting tip 22 may be
affixed by, for example, brazing the hard cutting tip 22 to, for
example, socket 24 formed in the head portion 18 adjacent the axial
forward end 14 of the body 12.
[0019] In one aspect, the hard cutting tip 22 is structured and
arranged so as to include a substrate 26 (see, for example, FIG. 2)
which may be made from, for example, a hard material such as, for
example, cemented (cobalt) tungsten carbide. The hard cutting tip
22 may further include a layer of a superhard material 28 adhered
to the substrate 26 (see, for example, FIGS. 1 and 2). The layer of
superhard material 28 may include, for example, polycrystalline
diamond (PCD) or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN).
[0020] The layer of superhard material 28 may have a generally
constant thickness and can be applied to the substrate 26 by any
one of the number of known techniques wherein the superhard
material 28 is, for example, bonded to the surface of the substrate
26. For example, one can apply the layer of superhard material 28,
e.g. PCD, to the substrate 26 by any one of a number of techniques
wherein the layer of superhard material 28 is bonded to the surface
of the substrate 26. The following patent documents disclose
exemplary compositions of polycrystalline diamond as well as
exemplary techniques to apply a layer of polycrystalline diamond to
the surface of a substrate: U.S. Pat. No. 4,063,909 to Mitchell,
U.S. Pat. No. 4,604,106 to Hall et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,694,918 to
Hall, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,811,801 to Salesky et al.
[0021] In addition, the head portion 18 defines an annular channel
30. The annular channel 30 is adjacent to and rearwardly of the
axial forward end 14 of the head portion 18. In one aspect, the
annular channel 30 extends at least partially circumferentially
about an outer surface 32 of the head portion 18. In another
aspect, the annular channel 30 extends circumferentially about the
head portion 18 so as to form a continuous groove or channel.
[0022] The annular channel 30 includes a sloped or angled bottom
surface 34, an angled top surface 36 generally opposed to the
angled bottom surface 34, and a side wall 38 extending between the
angled bottom surface 34 and the angled top surface 36. The side
wall 38 may be sloped, angled or parallel with respect to the
central longitudinal axis X-X of the cutting bit 10.
[0023] In an aspect of the invention, the angled bottom surface 34
is generally planar. In another aspect, the angled bottom surface
34 extends in a plane at an angle A (see, for example, FIG. 3) with
respect to the central longitudinal axis X-X of the cutting bit 10.
In one aspect, angle A is less than 90 degrees. In another aspect,
angle A is in the range of about 60 degrees to about 70
degrees.
[0024] In an aspect of the invention, the angled top surface 36 is
generally planar. In another aspect, the angled top surface 36
extends in a plane at an angle B (see, for example, FIG. 2) with
respect to the central longitudinal axis X-X of the cutting bit 10.
In one aspect, angle B is less than 90 degrees. In another aspect,
angle B is in the range of about 60 degrees to about 70
degrees.
[0025] Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 4-6, the cutting bit 10 further
includes a split wear ring, generally designated as reference
number 40. The split wear ring 40 is positionable in the annular
channel 30. The hardness, size and location of the split wear ring
40 are selected in order to significantly reduce erosion and wear
of the relatively soft body 12 of the cutting bit 10. The split
wear ring 40 may be made of any suitable hard material such as
carbides, aluminum oxide, hard ceramic materials, hardened tool
steels and the like. For example, the split wear ring 40 may be
made of tungsten carbide. In one example, the split wear ring 40
and cutting tip 22 are made of the same hard material. Furthermore,
portions of the split wear ring 40 may be made of different
materials, e.g., materials having different hardness and/or
toughness properties, graded materials, and the like.
[0026] In one aspect of the invention, the split wear ring 40
comprises two or more split wear ring sections 40a that are
arranged to make the split wear ring 40. For example, FIG. 4
illustrates two split wear ring sections 40a arranged end to end to
form the split wear ring 40. However, it will be appreciated that
any other suitable number of split wear ring sections may be used,
such as three sections, four sections, etc. In one aspect, the
split wear ring sections 40a may have flat faces 42 which abut each
other when assembled in the annular channel 30.
[0027] As described, the split wear ring 40 is positionable in the
annular channel 30. In accordance with an important aspect of the
invention, the split wear ring 40 is structured and arranged to be
retainably held in the annular channel 30 when positioned therein.
As used herein, the terms "retainably held" or "retainably hold"
generally refer to the structure of the split wear ring 40 being
such that it cooperates with the structure of the annular channel
30 so as to retain and hold the split wear ring 40, i.e. the split
wear ring sections 40a, within the annular channel 30 during
assembly of the cutting bit 10 without the need for any additional
means for holding the split wear ring 40 in position, such as a
retainer ring, during assembly. During assembly of the cutting bit
10, the split wear ring sections 40a are first positioned in the
annular channel 30. Then, the split wear ring sections 40a go
through a process to permanently secure or affix the split wear
ring 40 to the head portion 18 and, more particularly, to
permanently secure or affix the split wear ring 40 within the
annular channel 30. This process may be, for example, a brazing
process during which it is important that the split wear ring
sections 40a are securely retainably held in place so as to be
properly positioned within the annular channel 30. In one example,
the cutting bit 10 may be maintained in a generally upright
vertical position, such as the orientation shown in FIG. 2, during
the brazing process or alternatively the cutting bit 10 may be
maintained in a generally downward vertical position, such as
turned 180 degrees from the orientation shown in FIG. 2, during the
brazing process. Advantageously, the novel structure and
arrangement of the annular channel 30 and the split wear ring 40 of
the invention and the cooperation of these components allow for the
correct, efficient and economical assembly of the cutting bit
10.
[0028] In one aspect, the split wear ring 40 includes an angled
lower surface 44 that is positioned adjacent to the angled bottom
surface 34 of the annular channel 30. The angled lower surface 44
effectively cooperates with the angled bottom surface 34 of the
annular channel 30 so as to retainably hold the split wear ring 40
in the annular channel 30 during assembly.
[0029] In another aspect, the split wear ring 40 also includes an
angled upper surface 46 that is positioned adjacent to the angled
top surface 36 of the annular channel 30. The angled upper surface
46 effectively cooperates with the angled top surface 36 of the
annular channel 30 so as to further retainably hold the split wear
ring 40 in the annular channel 30 during assembly.
[0030] Thus, it will be appreciated that the angled lower surface
44 and the angled upper surface 46 of the split wear ring 40 are
structured and arranged to advantageously cooperate with and be
retainably held in the annular channel 30. In addition, it will be
appreciated that the angled bottom surface 34 and the angled top
surface 36 of the annular channel 30 are structured and arranged to
advantageously cooperate with and retainably hold the split wear
ring 40 therein.
[0031] In an aspect of the invention, the angled lower surface 44
of the split wear ring 40 is generally planar. In another aspect,
the angled lower surface 44 extends in a plane at an angle C to a
center axis X1-X1 of the split wear ring 40 that is perpendicular
to a longitudinal axis L-L of the split wear ring 40 (see, for
example, FIG. 6). In one aspect, angle C is less than 90 degrees.
In another aspect, angle C is in the range of about 60 degrees to
about 70 degrees. Thus, it will be appreciated that in one aspect
the angled lower surface 44 of the split wear ring 40 may have the
same angle or may have a different angle as the angled bottom
surface 34 of the annular channel 30.
[0032] In an aspect of the invention, the angled upper surface 46
of the split wear ring 40 is generally planar. In another aspect,
the angled upper surface 46 extends in a plane at an angle D to a
center axis X1-X1 of the split wear ring 40 that is perpendicular
to a longitudinal axis L-L of the split wear ring 40 (see, for
example, FIG. 6). In one aspect, angle D is less than 90 degrees.
In another aspect, angle D is in the range of about 60 degrees to
about 70 degrees. Thus, it will be appreciated that in one aspect
the angled upper surface 46 of the split wear ring 40 may have the
same angle or may have a different angle as the angled top surface
36 of the annular channel 30.
[0033] Whereas particular aspects of this invention have been
described above for purposes of illustration, it will be evident to
those skilled in the art that numerous variations of the details of
the present invention may be made without departing from the
invention as defined in the appended claims.
* * * * *