U.S. patent application number 13/680024 was filed with the patent office on 2013-11-07 for display device and manufacturing method thereof.
This patent application is currently assigned to SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO., LTD.. The applicant listed for this patent is SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to Yeun Tae KIM, Seong Gyu KWON, Seon Uk LEE, Nam Seok ROH.
Application Number | 20130293799 13/680024 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 49512273 |
Filed Date | 2013-11-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130293799 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
LEE; Seon Uk ; et
al. |
November 7, 2013 |
DISPLAY DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
Abstract
A display device includes: a substrate including a plurality of
pixel areas; a thin film transistor on the substrate; a pixel
electrode connected to the thin film transistor; an roof layer
connected between pixel areas adjacent in a first direction and
separated from the pixel electrode; a column protruded from the
roof layer in a boundary portion of the pixel areas; a space
between the pixel electrode and the roof layer, the roof layer
partially overlapping an upper inner wall and a first side inner
wall of the space and exposing a second side inner wall of the
space; a liquid crystal in the space.
Inventors: |
LEE; Seon Uk; (Seongnam-si,
KR) ; KIM; Yeun Tae; (Suwon-si, KR) ; KWON;
Seong Gyu; (Suwon-si, KR) ; ROH; Nam Seok;
(Seongnam-si, KR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO., LTD. |
Yongin-City |
|
KR |
|
|
Assignee: |
SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO., LTD.
Yongin-City
KR
|
Family ID: |
49512273 |
Appl. No.: |
13/680024 |
Filed: |
November 17, 2012 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
349/42 ;
438/30 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02F 1/13394 20130101;
G02F 1/133377 20130101; G02F 1/1341 20130101; H01L 33/005 20130101;
G02F 1/133305 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
349/42 ;
438/30 |
International
Class: |
G02F 1/1339 20060101
G02F001/1339; H01L 33/00 20060101 H01L033/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
May 7, 2012 |
KR |
10-2012-0048266 |
Claims
1. A display device comprising: a substrate including a plurality
of pixel areas; a thin film transistor on the substrate; a pixel
electrode connected to the thin film transistor; an roof layer
separated from the pixel electrode, wherein the roof layer is
connected between pixel areas adjacent in a first direction; a
column protruded from the roof layer in a boundary portion of the
pixel areas; a space between the pixel electrode and the roof
layer, wherein the roof layer partially overlaps an upper inner
wall and a first side inner wall of the space, and exposes a second
side inner wall of the space; a liquid crystal in the space.
2. The display device of claim 1, further comprising a common
electrode between the roof layer and the pixel electrode, and
separated from the pixel electrode.
3. The display device of claim 2, wherein the column is continuous
with the roof layer.
4. The display device of claim 2, wherein the column is bar-shaped
and includes a longitudinal axis extending in a second direction
perpendicular to the first direction.
5. The display device of claim 2, further comprising a plurality of
columns, wherein the plurality of columns is separated from each
other at a predetermined interval in a second direction
perpendicular to the first direction.
6. The display device of claim 5, wherein the column is a circular
cylinder or a quadrangular column.
7. The display device of claim 2, wherein the column is
lattice-shaped and includes first portions extending in the first
direction, and second portions extending in a second direction
perpendicular to the first direction and crossing the first
portions.
8. The display device of claim 2, wherein the column is at a
position where the boundary portion of the pixel areas parallel to
the first direction and the boundary portion of the pixel areas
perpendicular to the first direction cross each other.
9. The display device of claim 8, wherein the column is a
cross-shaped.
10. The display device of claim 2, wherein the roof layer includes
color filters of different colors in the pixel areas adjacent in
the first direction, the color filters overlap each other in the
boundary portion of the pixel areas, and the overlapping portion of
the color filters defines the column.
11. The display device of claim 1, further comprising an overcoat
overlapping the second side inner wall of the space exposed by the
roof layer.
12. A method of manufacturing a display device, comprising:
providing a thin film transistor on a substrate, the substrate
including a plurality of pixel areas; providing a pixel electrode
connected to the thin film transistor; forming a sacrificial layer
separated between pixel areas adjacent in a first direction, and
connected between pixel areas adjacent in a second direction
perpendicular to the first direction, on the pixel electrode;
forming an roof layer on the sacrificial layer; patterning the roof
layer to form a liquid crystal injection hole, wherein the liquid
crystal injection hole exposes a portion of the sacrificial layer
at edges of the adjacent pixel areas, the edges facing each other;
forming a column protruded from the roof layer on a boundary
portion of the pixel areas; removing the sacrificial layer to form
a space between the pixel electrode and the roof layer; injecting a
liquid crystal into the space through the liquid crystal injection
hole.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising forming a common
electrode on the sacrificial layer, and wherein in the forming the
liquid crystal injection hole, the common electrode is patterned to
expose the portion of the sacrificial layer at the facing edges of
the adjacent pixel areas.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the liquid crystal injection
hole and the column are simultaneously formed by using a half-tone
mask or a slit mask.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the column is formed in a bar
shape and includes a longitudinal axis extending in the second
direction.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein the forming a column comprises
forming a plurality of columns separated from each other at a
predetermined interval in the second direction.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the column is formed as a
circular cylinder or quadrangular column.
18. The method of claim 13, wherein the column is formed in a
lattice shape and includes first portions extending in the first
direction, and second portions extending in the second direction
and crossing the first portions.
19. The method of claim 13, wherein the column is formed at a
position where the boundary portion of the pixel areas parallel to
the first direction and the boundary portion of the pixel areas
perpendicular to the first direction cross each other.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the column is formed in a cross
shape.
21. The method of claim 13, wherein the roof layer includes color
filters of different colors in the pixel areas adjacent in the
first direction, the color filters overlap each other in the
boundary portion of the pixel areas, and the overlapping portion of
the color filters defines the column.
22. The method of claim 13, further comprising forming an overcoat
on the roof layer to seal the liquid crystal injection hole.
Description
[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent
Application No. 10-2012-0048266 filed on May 7, 2012, and all the
benefits accruing therefrom under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.119, the entire
contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND
[0002] (a) Field
[0003] The invention relates to a display device and a
manufacturing method thereof. More particularly, the invention
relates to a display device and a manufacturing method thereof,
including a structure that reduces weight, thickness, cost and
manufacturing time and has rigidity.
[0004] (b) Description of the Related Art
[0005] A liquid crystal display is one of the most widely used flat
panel displays. The liquid crystal display includes two display
panels on which field generating electrodes such as a pixel
electrode and a common electrode are disposed, and a liquid crystal
layer that is disposed therebetween. The liquid crystal display
shows an image by applying a voltage to the field generating
electrodes to generate an electric field in the liquid crystal
layer, which determines alignment of liquid crystal molecules of
the liquid crystal layer and controls polarization of incident
light.
[0006] The two display panels forming the liquid crystal display
may include a thin film transistor array panel and an opposing
display panel. The thin film transistor array panel may include a
gate line transmitting a gate signal, a data line crossing the gate
line and transmitting a data signal, a thin film transistor
connected to the gate line and data line, and a pixel electrode
connected to the thin film transistor. The opposing display panel
may include a light blocking member, a color filter, a common
electrode, etc. If necessary, the light blocking member, the color
filter, and the common electrode may be in the thin film transistor
array panel.
SUMMARY
[0007] One or more exemplary embodiment of the invention provides a
display device and a manufacturing method thereof, with reduced
weight, thickness, cost and processing time by manufacturing the
display device using only one substrate.
[0008] One or more exemplary embodiment of the invention provides a
display device and a manufacturing method thereof, having a rigid
structure that endures an external pressure while the structure
includes one substrate.
[0009] An exemplary embodiment of a display device according to the
invention includes: a substrate including a plurality of pixel
areas; a thin film transistor on the substrate; a pixel electrode
connected to the thin film transistor; an roof layer connected
between pixel areas adjacent in a first direction and separated
from the pixel electrode; a column protruded from the roof layer in
a boundary portion of the pixel areas; a space between the pixel
electrode and the roof layer, the roof layer partially overlapping
an upper inner wall and a first side inner wall of the space and
exposing a second side inner wall of the space; a liquid crystal in
the space.
[0010] A common electrode under the roof layer and separated from
the pixel electrode may be further included.
[0011] The column may be integral with the roof layer.
[0012] The column may be bar-shaped and extend in a second
direction perpendicular to the first direction.
[0013] A plurality of columns may be disposed at a predetermined
interval in the second direction perpendicular to the first
direction.
[0014] The column may be a circular cylinder or a quadrangular
column.
[0015] The column may be lattice-shaped including portions in the
first direction and in a second direction perpendicular to the
first direction, crossing each other.
[0016] The column may be at a position where the boundary portion
of the pixel areas parallel to the first direction and the boundary
portion of the pixel areas perpendicular to the first direction
cross each other.
[0017] The column may be cross-shaped.
[0018] The roof layer may include color filters of different colors
in the pixel areas adjacent in the first direction, the color
filters may overlap each other in the boundary portion of the pixel
areas, and the overlapping portion of the color filter may define
the column.
[0019] An overcoat overlapping the second side inner wall of the
space exposed by the roof layer may be further included.
[0020] An exemplary embodiment of a manufacturing method of a
display device according to the invention includes: forming a thin
film transistor on a substrate including a plurality of pixel
areas; forming a pixel electrode connected to the thin film
transistor; forming a sacrificial layer separated between pixel
areas adjacent in a first direction and connected between pixel
areas adjacent in a second direction perpendicular to the first
direction, on the pixel electrode; forming an roof layer on the
sacrificial layer; patterning the roof layer to form a liquid
crystal injection hole exposing a portion of the sacrificial layer
at facing edges of the adjacent pixel areas; forming a column
protruded from the roof layer on the boundary portion of the pixel
areas; removing the sacrificial layer to form a space between the
pixel electrode and the roof layer; injecting a liquid crystal to
the space through the liquid crystal injection hole.
[0021] The method may further include forming a common electrode on
the sacrificial layer, and in the forming of the liquid crystal
injection hole, the common electrode is patterned to expose the
portion of the sacrificial layer at the facing edges of the
adjacent pixel areas.
[0022] The liquid crystal injection hole and the column may be
simultaneously formed by using a half-tone mask or a slit mask.
[0023] The column may be formed in a bar shape extending in the
second direction.
[0024] A plurality of columns may be formed at a predetermined
interval in the second direction.
[0025] The column may be formed as a circular cylinder or
quadrangular column.
[0026] The column may be formed in a lattice shape including
portions in the first direction and portions in a second direction
perpendicular to the first direction, the portions crossing each
other.
[0027] The column may be formed at a position where the boundary
portion of the pixel areas parallel to the first direction and the
boundary portion of the pixel areas perpendicular to the first
direction cross each other.
[0028] The column may be formed in a cross shape.
[0029] The roof layer may include color filters of different colors
in the pixel areas adjacent in the first direction, the color
filters may overlap each other on the boundary portion of the pixel
areas, and the overlapping portion of the color filters may define
the column.
[0030] As described above, one or more exemplary embodiment of the
display device and the manufacturing method thereof according to
the invention has effects as follows.
[0031] The exemplary embodiment of a manufacturing method according
to the invention manufactures the display device by using only one
substrate, thereby reducing weight, thickness, cost and process
time.
[0032] Also, the column is formed to be protruded from the roof
layer on the boundary portion of between pixel areas such a force
applied to the display device is transmitted to the column, and
thereby a space between a pixel electrode and the roof layer may be
maintained and the roof layer may not collapse or deform.
[0033] Also, the roof layer and the column are simultaneously
formed by using the half-tone mask or the slit mask, thereby
forming the column without an additional process.
[0034] The method may further include forming an overcoat on the
roof layer to seal the liquid crystal injection hole.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] The above and other features of this disclosure will become
more apparent by describing in further detail exemplary embodiments
thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0036] FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an exemplary embodiment of one
pixel of a display device according to the invention.
[0037] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the one pixel of
the display device according to the invention taken along line
II-II of FIG. 1.
[0038] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the one pixel of
the display device according to the invention taken along line
III-III of FIG. 1.
[0039] FIG. 4 is a top plan view showing an exemplary embodiment of
a plurality of pixels of a display device according to the
invention.
[0040] FIG. 5 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of
one pixel of a display device according to the invention.
[0041] FIG. 6 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of
a plurality of pixels of a display device according to the
invention.
[0042] FIG. 7 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of
one pixel of a display device according to the invention.
[0043] FIG. 8 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of
a plurality of pixels of a display device according to the
invention.
[0044] FIG. 9 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of
a one pixel of a display device according to the invention.
[0045] FIG. 10 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment
of a plurality of pixels of a display device according to the
invention.
[0046] FIG. 11 to FIG. 26 are cross-sectional views of an exemplary
embodiment of a manufacturing method of a display device according
to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] The invention will be described more fully hereinafter with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary
embodiments of the invention are shown. As those skilled in the art
would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various
different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of
the invention.
[0048] In the drawings, the thickness of layers, films, panels,
regions, etc., are exaggerated for clarity. Like reference numerals
designate like elements throughout the specification. It will be
understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or
substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be
directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be
present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being
"directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements
present.
[0049] It will be understood that, although the terms first,
second, third, etc., may be used herein to describe various
elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these
elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be
limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish
one element, component, region, layer or section from another
region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region,
layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element,
component, region, layer or section without departing from the
teachings of the invention.
[0050] Spatially relative terms, such as "under," "above," "upper"
and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to
describe the relationship of one element or feature to another
element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be
understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to
encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation,
in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For
example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements
described as "under" or "lower" relative to other elements or
features would then be oriented "above" relative to the other
elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "under" can
encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be
otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations)
and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted
accordingly.
[0051] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing
particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of
the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an" and
"the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the
context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood
that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes" and/or
"including," when used in this specification, specify the presence
of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or
components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or
more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements,
components, and/or groups thereof.
[0052] Embodiments of the invention are described herein with
reference to cross-section illustrations that are schematic
illustrations of idealized embodiments (and intermediate
structures) of the invention. As such, variations from the shapes
of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing
techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, embodiments
of the invention should not be construed as limited to the
particular shapes of regions illustrated herein but are to include
deviations in shapes that result, for example, from
manufacturing.
[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and
scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly
understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this
invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such
as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be
interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their
meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be
interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly
so defined herein.
[0054] All methods described herein can be performed in a suitable
order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly
contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or
exemplary language (e.g., "such as"), is intended merely to better
illustrate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the
scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in the
specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed
element as essential to the practice of the invention as used
herein.
[0055] In a conventional liquid crystal display, two substrates are
inevitably required, and the constituent elements of the liquid
crystal display are respectively on the two substrates such that
the display device is undesirably heavy, the cost is undesirably
high and the processing time is undesirably long.
[0056] Exemplary embodiments of a display device according to the
invention will be described with reference to accompanying
drawings.
[0057] FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an exemplary embodiment of one
pixel of a display device according to the invention, and FIG. 2 is
a cross-sectional view showing the one pixel of the display device
according to the invention taken along line II-II of FIG. 1. FIG. 3
is a cross-sectional view showing the one pixel of the display
device according to the invention taken along line III-III of FIG.
1, and FIG. 4 is a top plan view showing an exemplary embodiment of
a plurality of pixels of a display device according to the
invention.
[0058] An exemplary embodiment of a display device according to the
invention includes a gate line 121 having a longitudinal axis which
extends in a first direction and a data line 171 having a
longitudinal axis which extends in a second direction different
from the first direction, on a substrate 110. The substrate 110 may
include, but is not limited to, glass or plastic. The gate line 121
and the data line 171 may cross each other.
[0059] The substrate 110 includes a plurality of pixel areas P. The
plurality of pixel areas P may be arranged in a matrix shape in the
plan view. A pixel area P may be defined by gate lines 121 and data
lines 171 that are crossed with each other, but is not limited
thereto or thereby.
[0060] Each gate line 121 extends mainly in a transverse (e.g.,
first) direction and transmits a gate signal. Also, each gate line
121 includes a gate electrode 124 protruded therefrom. The gate
electrode 124 is applied with the gate signal through the gate line
121.
[0061] A storage electrode 133 not connected to the gate line 121
and the gate electrode 124, may be in the pixel area P. As shown,
the storage electrode 133 may have a longitudinal axis which
extends in a direction parallel to the data line 171.
Alternatively, the storage electrode 133 may have a longitudinal
axis which extends in a direction parallel to the gate line 121. A
plurality of storage electrodes 133 in neighboring pixel areas may
be continuous and/or connected to each other. Each storage
electrode 133 may be applied with a predetermined voltage such as a
common voltage.
[0062] A gate insulating layer 140 is on the gate line 121, the
gate electrode 124 and the storage electrode 133. The gate
insulating layer 140 may include an inorganic insulating material
such as silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon oxide (SiOx). Also, the
gate insulating layer 140 may have a single layer structure or a
multilayer structure.
[0063] A semiconductor layer 150 is on the gate insulating layer
140. The semiconductor layer 150 may be positioned on and
overlapping the gate electrode 124. Also, the semiconductor layer
150 may be extended under the data line 171. The semiconductor
layer 150 may include amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon or
a metal oxide.
[0064] A source electrode 173 continuous with and protruded from
the data line 171, and a drain electrode 175 separated from the
source electrode 173, are on the semiconductor layer 150.
[0065] The data line 171 extends mainly in a longitudinal (e.g.,
second) direction and transmits a data signal. The data signal
transmitted through the data line 171 is applied to the source
electrode 173.
[0066] The gate electrode 124, the semiconductor layer 150, the
source electrode 173 and the drain electrode 175 form one thin film
transistor. When the thin film transistor is in an on state, the
data signal applied to the source electrode 173 is transmitted to
the drain electrode 175.
[0067] A passivation layer 180 is on the data line 171, the source
electrode 173, the drain electrode 175 and an exposed portion of
the semiconductor layer 150 between the drain electrode 175 and the
drain electrode 173. The passivation layer 180 may include an
organic insulating material or an inorganic insulating material,
and may have a single layer structure or a multilayer
structure.
[0068] A color filter 230 is in each pixel area P and on the
passivation layer 180. The display device may include a plurality
of color filters 230. Each of color filters 230 may display one of
primary colors such as three primary colors of red, green and blue.
The color filter 230 is not limited to the three primary colors of
red, green and blue, and may represent colors such as cyan,
magenta, yellow and a white-containing color.
[0069] A light blocking member 220 is in a region between
neighboring color filters 230. The light blocking member 220 is on
the boundary of the pixel area P and the thin film transistor,
thereby preventing light leakage.
[0070] A first insulating layer 240 may be further on the color
filter 230 and the light blocking member 220. The first insulating
layer 240 may include the inorganic insulating material such as
silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon oxide (SiOx). The first
insulating layer 240 functions to protect the color filter 230
including the organic material and the light blocking member 220,
and may be omitted in an alternative exemplary embodiment if
desired.
[0071] A contact hole 181 extends through thicknesses of the first
insulating layer 240, the light blocking member 220 and the
passivation layer 180, and exposes a portion of the drain electrode
175. Alternatively, the contact hole 181 may extend through a
thickness of the color filter 230 instead of through the light
blocking member 220.
[0072] A pixel electrode 191 is connected to the drain electrode
175 through the contact hole 181, and is on the first insulating
layer 240. The pixel electrode 191 is in each pixel area P, and is
connected to the drain electrode 175 thereby receiving the data
signal from the drain electrode 175 when the thin film transistor
is in the on state. The pixel electrode 191 may include a
transparent metal material such as indium-tin oxide ("ITO") or
indium-zinc oxide ("IZO"), but is not limited thereto or
thereby.
[0073] The pixel electrode 191 includes a transverse stem 193, a
longitudinal stem 192 crossing the transverse stem 193, and a
plurality of first to fourth minute branches 194a, 194b, 194c and
194d.
[0074] The transverse stem 193 may have a longitudinal axis which
extends in a direction parallel to the gate line 121, and the
longitudinal stem 192 may have a longitudinal axis which extends in
a direction parallel to the data line 171. The transverse stem 193
may be positioned at an approximate center between two neighboring
gate lines 121, and the longitudinal stem 192 may be positioned at
an approximate center between two neighboring data lines 171.
[0075] One pixel area P is divided into a first sub-pixel area, a
second sub-pixel area, a third sub-pixel area and a fourth
sub-pixel area by the transverse stem 193 and the longitudinal stem
192. The first sub-pixel area is positioned at the left side of the
transverse stem 193 and at an upper side of the longitudinal stem
192, and the second sub-pixel area is positioned at the right side
of the transverse stem 193 and at the upper side of the
longitudinal stem 192. The third sub-pixel area is positioned at
the left side of the transverse stem 193 and at a lower side of the
longitudinal stem 192, and the fourth sub-pixel area is positioned
at the right side of the transverse stem 193 and at the lower side
of the longitudinal stem 192.
[0076] The first minute branches 194a are in the first sub-pixel
area, and the second minute branches 194b are in the second
sub-pixel area. The third minute branches 194c are in the third
sub-pixel area, and the fourth minute branches 194d are in the
fourth sub-pixel area.
[0077] The first minute branches 194a are obliquely extended from
the transverse stem 193 or the longitudinal stem 192 in the
left-upper direction, and the second minute branches 194b are
obliquely extended from the transverse stem 193 or the longitudinal
stem 192 in the right-upper direction. Also, the third minute
branches 194c are obliquely extended from the transverse stem 193
or the longitudinal stem 192 in the left-lower direction, and the
fourth minute branches 194d are obliquely extended from the
transverse stem 193 or the longitudinal stem 192 in the right-lower
direction.
[0078] The first to fourth minute branches 194a, 194b, 194c and
194d may form an angle of approximate 45 degrees or 135 degrees
with the gate line 121 or the transverse stem 193. Also, the first
to fourth minute branches 194a, 194b, 194c and 194d of neighboring
sub-pixel areas form right angles with the respective minute
branches.
[0079] A shape of the pixel electrode 191 shown in FIG. 1 has been
described, however the shape of the pixel electrode 191 is not
limited thereto, and various variations are possible. Also, one
pixel area divided into four sub-pixel areas has been described,
however one pixel area may be divided in any number of sub-pixel
area or may not be divided into a plurality of sub-pixel areas.
[0080] A common electrode 270 separated from the pixel electrode
191 by a predetermined distance, is on the pixel electrode 191. A
space 200 is formed between the pixel electrode 191 and the common
electrode 270. The width of the space 200, taken perpendicular to
the first and second directions, may be variously changed according
to a resolution of the display device.
[0081] A liquid crystal 3 is filled in the space 200. The liquid
crystal 3 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, and the
liquid crystal molecules may be aligned in a third direction which
is perpendicular to the substrate 110, in the absence of an
electric field. That is, vertical alignment may be realized. Also,
alignment of liquid crystal molecules if is not limited to vertical
alignment, and horizontal alignment may be realized.
[0082] The liquid crystal 3 may include one of nematic, smectic,
cholesteric and chiral liquid crystal materials. Also, the liquid
crystal 3 may include a negative liquid crystal material or a
positive liquid crystal material.
[0083] In the above, the pixel electrode 191 is under the space 200
and the common electrode 270 is above the space 200, however the
invention is not limited thereto. The pixel electrode 191 and the
common electrode 270 may be both positioned under the space 200. In
an exemplary embodiment, the pixel electrode 191 and the common
electrode 270 may be formed from a same layer and/or may be in a
same layer of the display device Alternatively, the pixel electrode
191 and the common electrode may be formed from different layers
with an insulating layer interposed therebetween. In an exemplary
embodiment, the liquid crystal 3 may be pre-tilted or slanted with
respect to a direction parallel to the substrate 110, in the space
200, but the invention is not limited thereto or thereby.
[0084] A first alignment layer 11 is on the pixel electrode 191.
The first alignment layer 11 may be on an exposed portion of the
first insulating layer 240 that is not covered by the pixel
electrode 191.
[0085] A second alignment layer 21 faces the first alignment layer
11 and is under the common electrode 270.
[0086] The first alignment layer 11 and the second alignment layer
21 may be vertical alignment layers and may include a material such
as polyamic acid, polysiloxane or polyimide. The first and second
alignment layers 11 and 21 may be connected to each other on the
edge of the pixel area P, but are not limited thereto or
thereby.
[0087] The space 200 is enclosed by the first insulating layer 240,
the pixel electrode 191 and the common electrode 270. The common
electrode 270 directly contacts the first insulating layer 240 at a
portion of the pixel overlapping the data line 171. Thereby, the
common electrode 270 covers and faces a right side surface and a
left side surface of the space 200 in the portion of the pixel near
the data line 171. Accordingly, the common electrode 270 is
connected to the pixel areas neighboring in a row direction, e.g.,
the first direction. A column direction may be different from the
row direction, e.g., the second direction.
[0088] The common electrode 270 is not in a portion of the pixel
overlapping the gate line 121. Thereby, the common electrode 270
does not cover or overlap an upper surface and a lower surface of
the space 200 in a portion of the pixel near the gate line 121. A
liquid crystal injection hole 201 is at the portion of the pixel
excluding the common electrode 270 near the gate line 121, such
that the space 200 may be exposed to an outside, for example, at an
upper surface and a lower surface of the space 200. That is, the
liquid crystal injection hole 201 corresponds to the gate line 121,
and the liquid crystal 3 is injected inside the space 200 through
the liquid crystal injection hole 201.
[0089] In the above, the common electrode 270 covers the left side
surface and the right side surface of the space 200 in a portion of
the pixel near the gate line 121 and does not cover the upper
surface and the lower surface of the space 200 in a portion of the
pixel near the gate line 121, however the invention is not limited
thereto. Alternatively, the common electrode 270 may cover another
surface of the space 200. In one exemplary embodiment, for example,
the common electrode 270 may cover the lower surface and the upper
surface of the space 200 in a portion of the pixel near the gate
line 121, and may not cover the right surface and the left surface
of the space 200 in a portion of the pixel near the gate line 121.
Where the common electrode 270 covers the lower surface and the
upper surface of the space 200 in a portion of the pixel near the
gate line 121, the liquid crystal injection hole 201 may correspond
to the data line 171.
[0090] A second insulating layer 280 may be further on the common
electrode 270. The second insulating layer 280 may include the
inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx) or
silicon oxide (SiOx), and may be omitted in an alternative
exemplary embodiment if desired.
[0091] An roof layer 285 is on the second insulating layer 280. The
roof layer 285 may include an organic material. The roof layer 285
covers a portion of the side surface and the upper surface of the
space 200, thereby forming a boundary of the space 200 and
maintaining a shape of the space 200.
[0092] A column 288 is on the roof layer 285 positioned on the
boundary portion of the pixel area P. The column 288 protrudes from
the roof layer 285 and overlaps the data line 171. The column 288
may have a relatively long and evenly shaped bar shape in the plan
view. In an exemplary embodiment, the boundary of the pixel area P
may be defined by the gate line 121 and the data line 171, but the
invention is not limited thereto or thereby. Where the gate line
121 and the data line 171 define a boundary of the pixel area P,
the column 288 overlaps adjacent data lines 171 that are at the
right and left neighboring boundaries of the pixel area P.
[0093] Alternatively, the column 288 may overlap the gate line 121.
Alternatively, the column may have a lattice shape in the plan view
to overlap the gate line 121 and the data line 171.
[0094] In a cross-sectional view, side surfaces of the column 288
are tapered, and a taper angle with respect to the substrate 110
may be more than about 10 degrees.
[0095] Referring to FIG. 4, the plurality of pixel areas P is
disposed in a matrix shape in the plan view, and the roof layer 285
is continuous and connected corresponding to the pixel areas P
neighboring in the row direction. The column 288 overlaps the roof
layer 285 and corresponds to the boundary portion between the pixel
areas P neighboring in the row direction. As illustrated in FIG. 4,
the column 288 is in the boundary portion of the pixel areas P of a
first row of pixel areas P, and the column 288 is in the boundary
portion of the pixel areas P of a second row and a third row of
pixel areas P. That is, the column 288 corresponds to the boundary
portion dividing a first column of pixel areas P and a second
column of pixel areas P, and the column 288 corresponds to the
boundary portion dividing the second column of pixel areas P and a
third column of pixel areas P.
[0096] In an alternative exemplary embodiment of the invention the
column 288 in the boundary portion of the first row of pixel areas
P may be connected to the column 288 in the boundary portion of the
second row of pixel areas P. Likewise, the column 288 in the
boundary portion of the second row of pixel areas P may be
connected to the column 288 in the boundary portion of the third
row of pixel areas P.
[0097] The column 288 may be integrally formed with the roof layer
285, such that the column 288 and the roof layer 285 form a single,
unitary, indivisible unit. The column 288 may include a same
material as the roof layer 285 and/or be formed with a same
process. That is, the column 288 and the roof layer 285 may be
formed with a same layer or material of the display device and/or
may be in a same layer of the display device. The integral roof
layer 285 may include a first portion having a first height with
respect to a common reference point and a second portion having a
second height smaller than the first height. The first portion may
on the boundary portion between adjacent pixel areas P and the
second portion may be in the pixel area P. The second portion of
the roof layer 285 may have a substantially planar or flat upper
surface.
[0098] A thickness of the column 288 may be more than about 2
microns (um). The column 288 and the roof layer 285 may include a
material having a compression change amount of less than 50%.
[0099] Since the space 200 is under the roof layer 285 in the pixel
area P, the roof layer 285 may be collapsed if a force is applied
on the roof layer 285. In one or more exemplary embodiments of the
invention, the column 288 is on the boundary portion of the pixel
area P where the space 200 is not formed such that a force applied
to a display device from the outside is transmitted to the column
288, and thereby the space 200 is maintained and the roof layer 285
is not collapsed.
[0100] A third insulating layer 290 may be further on the roof
layer 285 and the column 288. The third insulating layer 290 may
include the inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride
(SiNx) or silicon oxide (SiOx). The third insulating layer 290 may
cover the upper surface and the side surface of the roof layer 285.
The third insulating layer 290 has a function of protecting the
roof layer 285 including the organic material, and may be omitted
in an alternative exemplary embodiment if desired.
[0101] An overcoat 295 may be on the third insulating layer 290.
The overcoat 295 covers the liquid crystal injection hole 201 where
the space 200 is exposed to the outside. That is, the overcoat 295
may seal the liquid crystal injection hole 201 such that the liquid
crystal 3 inside the space 200 does not flow outside the space 200.
Since the overcoat 295 may contacted the liquid crystal 3 at the
liquid crystal injection hole 201, the overcoat 295 may not include
a material that reacts with the liquid crystal 3. In one exemplary
embodiment, for example, the overcoat 295 may include a material
such as parylene.
[0102] A first polarizer 12 may be under the substrate 110 and a
second polarizer 22 may be further on the overcoat 295.
[0103] When the second polarizer 22 is on the overcoat 295, the
second polarizer 22 may flattens or planarize the upper portion of
the overcoat 295. In an alternative exemplary embodiment, a further
roof layer 295' flattening the upper portion of the overcoat 295
may be between the second polarizer 22 and the overcoat 295. In
another alternative embodiment, an overcoat layer may collectively
include layers 295 and 295' to be a relatively thick roof layer
having a planar upper surface, to flatten the substrate 110.
[0104] The color filter 230 is in the pixel area P and the light
blocking member 220 is on the boundary of the pixel area P,
however, the invention is not limited thereto. Alternatively, the
light blocking member 220 may be excluded. Instead of the light
blocking member 220, a color filter 230 in the pixel area P may be
extended to the boundary portion of the pixel area P such that two
color filters 230 of two colors overlap. The color filters 230 on
the boundary portion of the pixel area P and overlapping each other
may have a function of blocking light.
[0105] The color filter 230 and the light blocking member 220 are
under the common electrode 270, however, the invention is not
limited thereto.
[0106] Alternatively, the color filter 230 and the light blocking
member 220 may be above the common electrode 270. When the color
filter 230 and the light blocking member 220 are above the common
electrode 270, the roof layer 285 may be omitted, and the color
filter 230 and the light blocking member 220 may have the function
of the roof layer 285.
[0107] As discussed above, the color filter layer 230 in the pixel
area P may be extended to the boundary portion of the pixel area P
such that two color filters 230 of two colors overlap. The two
color filters 230 on the boundary portion of the pixel area P and
overlapping each other may have a function of blocking light. Also,
a portion of the color filters 230 overlapped on the boundary
portion of the pixel area P has a thickness larger than a portion
of the color filter 230 in the pixel area, thereby functioning as
the column 288. Accordingly, it may not be necessary to include the
additional light blocking member and the column.
[0108] Next, another exemplary embodiment of a display device
according to the invention will be described with reference to FIG.
5 and FIG. 6.
[0109] The exemplary embodiment of a display device in FIG. 5 and
FIG. 6 is substantially the same as the display device in FIG. 1 to
FIG. 4 such that a complete description thereof is omitted and
differences will be hereinafter described. The largest difference
between the exemplary embodiment of the display device in FIG. 5
and FIG. 6 and that of FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 is a shape of the column,
and this will be described hereafter.
[0110] FIG. 5 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of
one pixel of a display device according to the invention, and FIG.
6 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of a plurality
of pixels of a display device according to the invention.
[0111] The constituent elements of the display device in FIG. 5 and
FIG. 6 are in a substantially same sequence as in the display
device in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4.
[0112] In FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the column 288 is connected
corresponding to the boundary portion dividing the pixel areas P
neighboring in the row direction and has the bar shape in the plan
view. In contrast, the column 288 in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 has a
discrete shape, such as a circular shape in the plan view. That is,
since the shape of the column 288 is circular in the plan view, the
shape of the column 288 is a circular cylinder in a perspective
view. The display device may include a plurality of discrete
columns 288.
[0113] The shape of the column 288 is not limit thereto, and may
have any of a number of various shapes such as a quadrangular
column shape.
[0114] A plurality of columns 288 is separated by a predetermined
interval along the boundary portion dividing the pixel areas P
neighboring in the row direction. In one exemplary embodiment, one
column 288 is at a position where the gate line 121 and the data
line 171 are crossed, and three columns 288 are between two
neighboring crossing positions.
[0115] However, the invention is not limited thereto and the
plurality of columns 288 may be separated with non-uniform
intervals, and the number of columns 288 between two neighboring
crossing positions may be variously changed.
[0116] Next, another exemplary embodiment of a display device
according to the invention will be described with reference to FIG.
7 and FIG. 8.
[0117] The exemplary embodiment of a display device in FIG. 7 and
FIG. 8 is substantially the same as the display device in FIG. 5
and FIG. 6 such that the complete description thereof is omitted
and differences will be hereinafter described. The largest
difference between the exemplary embodiment of the display device
in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 and that of FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 is a position of
the column, and this will be described in detail hereafter.
[0118] FIG. 7 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of
one pixel of a display device according to the invention, and FIG.
8 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of a plurality
of pixels of a display device according to the invention.
[0119] The constituent elements of the display device in FIG. 7 and
FIG. 8 are in a same sequence as the display device in FIG. 5 and
FIG. 6.
[0120] In FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the column 288 is at the crossing
position of the gate line 121 and the data line 171 and between two
neighboring crossing positions. In contrast, the column 288 in FIG.
7 and FIG. 8 is only at the crossing position of the gate line 121
and the data line 171. That is, in the exemplary embodiment shown
in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the column 288 is not between two neighboring
crossing positions.
[0121] The shape of the column 288 in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 may be
circular cylinder like in FIG. 5 and FIG. 5, but is not limited
thereto or thereby.
[0122] In FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the column 288 may be at all crossing
positions of the gate line 121 and the data line 171, however the
invention is not limited thereto. In one exemplary embodiment, one
column 288 may be disposed per two crossing positions of the gate
line 121 and the data line 171. Alternatively, one column 288 may
be disposed per three or more crossing positions.
[0123] Next, another exemplary embodiment of a display device
according to the invention will be described with reference to FIG.
9 and FIG. 10.
[0124] The exemplary embodiment of a display device in FIG. 9 and
FIG. 10 is substantially the same as the display device in FIG. 7
and FIG. 8 such that the complete description thereof is omitted
and differences will be hereinafter described. The largest
difference between the exemplary embodiment of the display device
in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 and that of FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 is a shape the
column and this will be described hereafter.
[0125] FIG. 9 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of
one pixel of a display device according to the invention, and FIG.
10 is a top plan view of another exemplary embodiment of a
plurality of pixels of a display device according to the
invention.
[0126] The constituent elements of the display device in FIG. 9 and
FIG. 10 are in a same sequence as for the display device in FIG. 7
and FIG. 8.
[0127] In FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the shape of the column 288 is
circular in the plan view. In contrast, the shape of the column 288
in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 is a cross shape in the plan view.
[0128] The column 288 is at a position at which the gate line 121
and the data line 171 are crossed, similar to that in FIG. 7 and
FIG. 8.
[0129] That is, the column 288 has the cross shape at the crossing
position of the gate line 121 and the data line 171.
[0130] Next, an exemplary embodiment of a manufacturing method of a
display device according to the invention will be described with
reference to FIG. 11 to FIG. 26.
[0131] An exemplary embodiment of a manufacturing method of a
display device relates to a method of manufacturing the display
device in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, and the display devices in FIG. 5 to
FIG. 10 may be manufactured by slightly changing a shape of a mask
and using substantially a same method.
[0132] FIG. 11 to FIG. 26 are cross-sectional views of an exemplary
embodiment of a manufacturing method of a display device according
to the invention. FIG. 11, FIG. 13, FIG. 15, FIG. 17, FIG. 19, FIG.
21, FIG. 23 and FIG. 25 are cross-sectional views taken along the
same line, for example, line II-II in FIG. 1. Also, FIG. 12, FIG.
14, FIG. 16, FIG. 18, FIG. 20, FIG. 22, FIG. 24 and FIG. 26 are
cross-sectional views taken along the same line, for example, line
III-III in FIG. 1.
[0133] Firstly, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, a gate line 121
(not shown) extending in a first direction, and a gate electrode
124 protruded from the gate line 121, are formed on a substrate
110. The substrate 110 may include glass or plastic, but is not
limited thereto or thereby. Also, a storage electrode 133 separated
from the gate line 121 and the gate electrode 124 is formed. The
storage electrode 133 may be formed with the same material as the
gate line 121 and the gate electrode 124, and/or may be in the same
layer of the display device as the gate line 121 and the gate
electrode 124.
[0134] A gate insulating layer 140 including an inorganic
insulating material such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride, is
formed on an entire surface of the substrate 110 including the gate
line 121, the gate electrode 124 and the storage electrode 133. The
gate insulating layer 140 may be formed with a single layer
structure or a multilayer structure.
[0135] As shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, a semiconductor material
such as amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon or a metal oxide
is deposited on the gate insulating layer 140 and patterned to form
a semiconductor layer 150. The semiconductor layer 150 may be
formed to be positioned on and overlapping the gate electrode
124.
[0136] A metal material is deposited and patterned to form a data
line 171 extending in a second direction different from the first
direction. Also, a source electrode 173 protruded from the data
line 171 and a drain electrode 175 separated from the source
electrode 173, are formed on the semiconductor layer 150. The metal
material may have a single layer structure or a multilayer
structure.
[0137] In an exemplary embodiment, the semiconductor material and
the metal material may be continuously deposited and simultaneously
patterned to form the semiconductor layer 150, the data line 171
the source electrode 173, and the drain electrode 175. The
semiconductor layer 150 may be extended under the data line
171.
[0138] The gate electrode 124, the semiconductor layer 150, the
source electrode 173 and the drain electrode 175 form one thin film
transistor. The gate line 121 and the data line 171 may be formed
to cross each other. In one exemplary embodiment, a plurality of
pixel areas P may be defined by crossed gate lines 121 and data
lines 171, but the invention is not limited thereto or thereby.
[0139] As shown in FIG. 15 and as FIG. 16, a passivation layer 180
is formed on the data line 171, the source electrode 173, the drain
electrode 175 and a portion of the semiconductor layer 150 exposed
between the source electrode 173 and the drain electrode 173. The
passivation layer 180 may include the organic insulating material
or the inorganic insulating material, and may be formed in the
single layer structure or the multilayer structure.
[0140] A color filter 230 is formed in each pixel area P and on the
passivation layer 180. Color filters 230 of a same color may be
formed according to a column direction of a plurality of pixel
areas P. In one exemplary embodiment, for example, when forming the
color filter 230 of three colors, the color filter 230 of the first
color is formed at a first position and then the color filter 230
of the second color is formed in a second position different than
the first position, such as by shifting a mask. After forming the
color filter 230 of the second color in the second position, the
color filter 230 of the third color may be formed in a third
position, such as by shifting the mask.
[0141] A light blocking member 220 is formed on the thin film
transistor and the boundary portion of the pixel areas on the
passivation layer 180.
[0142] While it is described that after forming the color filter
230, the light blocking member 220 is formed, the invention is not
limited thereto. Alternatively, the color filter 230 may be formed
after forming the light blocking member 220.
[0143] The first insulating layer 240 including the inorganic
insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon oxide
(SiOx) is formed on the color filter 230 and the light blocking
member 220.
[0144] The first insulating layer 240, the light blocking member
220 and the passivation layer 180 are etched to form a contact hole
181 exposing a portion of the drain electrode 175.
[0145] As shown in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, a transparent metal
material such as indium-tin oxide ("ITO") or indium-zinc oxide
("IZO") is deposited and patterned on the first insulating layer
240 to form a pixel electrode 191 in the pixel area P. The pixel
electrode 191 is connected to the drain electrode 175 through the
contact hole 181.
[0146] As shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, a sacrificial layer 210
including the organic insulating material is formed on the pixel
electrode 191 and the first insulating layer 240. The sacrificial
layer 210 is patterning to be divided between the pixel areas P in
a first direction (refer to FIG. 20) and to be connected in
neighboring pixel areas P neighboring in a second direction
different from the first direction (refer to FIG. 19). In one
exemplary embodiment, for example, the sacrificial layer 210 may be
separated between the pixel areas P neighboring in the row
direction and may be connected according to the pixel areas P
neighboring in the column direction. If the sacrificial layer 210
is initially formed on the date line 171, the sacrificial layer 210
formed on the data line 171 may be subsequently removed so that the
sacrificial layer 210 is divided between the pixel areas P.
[0147] The sacrificial layer 210 may include a photosensitive
polymer material, and the sacrificial layer 210 may be patterned by
performing a photo-process.
[0148] As shown in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22, a metal material is
deposited on the sacrificial layer 210 to form a common electrode
270.
[0149] The second insulating layer 280 including the inorganic
insulating material such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride is
formed on the common electrode 270.
[0150] The roof layer 285 including the organic material is formed
on the second insulating layer 280. The roof layer 285 is patterned
to remove the portion of the roof layer 285 overlapping the gate
line 121 and to reduce the thickness of the roof layer 285
positioned in the pixel area.
[0151] A mask 500 for the patterning of the roof layer 285 may be a
half-tone mask or a slit mask. The mask 500 includes a transmitting
part 510, a semi-transmitting part 520 and a non-transmitting part
530. The transmitting part 510 of the mask 500 transmits most of
the light, the semi-transmitting part 520 is formed of a slit for
about half of light to be transmitted and the non-transmitting part
530 is formed for light not to be transmitted.
[0152] The transmitting part 510 corresponds to the portion of the
gate line 121, the semi-transmitting part 520 corresponds to the
pixel area, and the non-transmitting part 530 corresponds to the
data line 171. The mask 500 is positioned on the substrate 110 and
an exposure and developing process is performed such that the roof
layer 285 is formed to have different thicknesses.
[0153] The roof layer 285 partially encloses the upper surface and
the side surface of the sacrificial layer 210. Referring to FIG.
22, the roof layer 285 overlaps an upper surface of the sacrificial
layer 210 and a portion of the side surface of the sacrificial
layer. The roof layer 285 on the gate line 121 is removed such that
the roof layer 285 encloses the upper surface, the left side
surface, and the right side surface of the sacrificial layer
210.
[0154] The roof layer 285 positioned on the data line 171 has a
larger thickness than the roof layer 285 positioned in the pixel
area P, such that the roof layer 285 positioned on the data line
171 is protruded, and this protruded portion forms the column 288.
That is, the roof layer 285 and the column 288 are formed in a same
process and/or from a same material, thereby being integrally
formed as a single, unitary indivisible member.
[0155] The roof layer 285 and the column 288 are formed in the same
process, however, the invention is not limited thereto. The roof
layer 285 and the column 288 may be formed through separate
processes. In one exemplary embodiment, for example, after firstly
forming the roof layer 285, the roof layer 285 corresponding to the
portion of the gate line 121 is removed, and then another material
is deposited and patterned on the roof layer 285 to form the column
288.
[0156] Both side surfaces of the column 288 are formed to be
tapered in a cross-sectional view. A taper angle may be more than
about 10 degrees.
[0157] The thickness of the column 288 in a third direction
orthogonal to the first and second directions, may be more than
about 2 um. The column 288 and the roof layer 285 may include a
material having a compression change amount of less than 50%.
[0158] As shown in FIG. 23 and FIG. 24, the third insulating layer
290 including the inorganic insulating material such as silicon
nitride (SiNx) or silicon oxide (SiOx) may be formed on the roof
layer 285.
[0159] As shown in FIG. 25 and FIG. 26, the third insulating layer
290, the second insulating layer 280, and the common electrode 270
are patterned to remove the third insulating layer 290, the second
insulating layer 280 and the common electrode 270 overlapping the
gate line 121. By removing a portion of the common electrode 270
overlapping the gate line 121, a portion of the sacrificial layer
210 positioned under the removed portion of the common electrode
270 is exposed.
[0160] An entire of the sacrificial layer 210 is removed, such as
by supplying oxygen plasma for ashing to the substrate 110 where
the sacrificial layer 210 is exposed, or by supplying a developing
solution. By removing the sacrificial layer 210, a space 200 is
generated at a position where the sacrificial layer 210 was
previously positioned. That is, the pixel electrode 191 and the
common electrode 270 are separated with the space 200 interposed
therebetween.
[0161] Also, the space 200 is exposed to an outside through a
portion where the common electrode 270 is not formed. The portion
where an inner area of the space 200 is exposed is otherwise
referred to as a liquid crystal injection hole 201. The liquid
crystal injection hole 201 may have a longitudinal axis formed
according to the direction of the gate line 121, for example,
parallel with the gate line 121. Alternatively, the liquid crystal
injection hole 201 may have a longitudinal axis formed according to
the data line 171, for example, parallel with the data line
171.
[0162] An aligning agent including an alignment material is
deposited on the substrate 110 by a spin coating method or an
inkjet method to inject the aligning agent inside the space 200
through the liquid crystal injection hole 201. After injecting the
aligning agent inside the space 200, a hardening process is
performed to evaporate a solution component such that the alignment
material remains on an inner wall of the space 200.
[0163] Accordingly, the first alignment layer 11 may be formed in
the space 200 and on the pixel electrode 191, and the second
alignment layer 21 may be formed under the common electrode 270.
The first alignment layer 11 and the second alignment layer 21 are
formed on upper and lower inner walls of the space 200 to face to
each other via the space 200, and are formed on side inner walls of
the space 200 to be connected to each other at the edge of the
pixel area P. That is, the common electrode 270 forms a side wall
covering the side surface of the space 200 in the direction
parallel to the data line 171 in the portion near the data line 171
before the alignment layers 11 and 21 are formed, and the alignment
material remains on the inner surface of the side wall formed by
the common electrode 270.
[0164] The first and second alignment layers 11 and 21 are
configured to perform an alignment in the direction perpendicular
to the first substrate 110 except for the side surface of the space
200. In additional, by performing a process of irradiating
ultraviolet rays to the first and second alignment layers 11 and
21, the alignment may be performed in the direction parallel to the
substrate 110 such as to provide a pretilt.
[0165] Liquid crystal 3 including liquid crystal molecules are
provided in the space 200, such as by dropping the liquid crystal 3
by an inkjet method or by a dispensing method on the substrate 110
such that the liquid crystal 3 is injected inside the space 200
through the liquid crystal injection hole 201. In one exemplary
embodiment, at this portion of the method of manufacturing, the
liquid crystal 3 may be dropped to the liquid crystal injection
holes 201 formed according to the odd-numbered gate lines 121, and
may not be dropped to the liquid crystal injection holes 201 formed
according to the even-numbered gate lines 121. In an alternative
exemplary embodiment, the liquid crystal 3 may be dropped to the
liquid crystal injection holes 201 formed according to the
even-numbered gate lines 121, and may not be dropped to the liquid
crystal injection holes 201 formed according to the odd-numbered
gate lines 121.
[0166] If the liquid crystal 3 is dropped to the liquid crystal
injection holes 201 formed according to the odd-numbered gate lines
121, the liquid crystal 3 is injected inside the space 200 through
the liquid crystal injection holes 201 by capillary force. By the
capillary force, air inside the space 200 flows out through the
liquid crystal injection holes 201 formed according to the
even-numbered gate lines 121, and thereby the liquid crystal 3 is
easily injected inside the space 200.
[0167] A material that does not react with the liquid crystal 3 is
deposited on the second insulating layer 290 to form an overcoat
295. The overcoat 295 is formed to cover the liquid crystal
injection holes 201 where the space 200 is exposed outside and to
seal the space 200 for each pixel area P. In one exemplary
embodiment, for example, the overcoat 295 may include the material
that does not react with the liquid crystal 3, such as
parylene.
[0168] A further organic insulating layer 295' flattening the upper
portion of the overcoat 295 may be between a second polarizer 22
and the overcoat 295. In an alternative embodiment, an overcoat
layer may collectively include layers 295 and 295' to be a
relatively thick organic layer having a planar upper surface, to
flatten the substrate 110.
[0169] The overcoat 295 may be formed by dropping and hardening the
material that does not react with the liquid crystal 3 by the
inkjet method on the third insulating layer 290.
[0170] Also, the overcoat 295 may be formed by adhering a material
with a film shape on the third insulating layer 290.
[0171] A first polarizer 12 may be formed under the substrate 110
and the second polarizer 22 may be formed on the overcoat 295.
[0172] A description of a process of forming the second polarizer
22 on the overcoat 295 is omitted for convenience. The second
polarizer 22 may be attached after flattening the upper portion of
the overcoat 295.
[0173] While this invention has been described in connection with
what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments,
it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the
disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover
various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within
the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *