U.S. patent application number 13/623456 was filed with the patent office on 2013-10-17 for total body exercise methods and apparatus.
The applicant listed for this patent is Joseph D. Maresh, Kenneth W. Stearns. Invention is credited to Joseph D. Maresh, Kenneth W. Stearns.
Application Number | 20130274068 13/623456 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 40810985 |
Filed Date | 2013-10-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130274068 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Stearns; Kenneth W. ; et
al. |
October 17, 2013 |
TOTAL BODY EXERCISE METHODS AND APPARATUS
Abstract
An exercise apparatus includes a frame, a footpad for supporting
a user's foot, and a sensor that generates a force indicating
signal indicative of a force applied to the footpad in a horizontal
direction by the user's foot. A mechanism couples the footpad to
the frame and guides the footpad in a closed path having at least
first and second mutually perpendicular dimensions in response to
forces applied to the footpad by the user's foot, the first
dimension being parallel to said horizontal direction. The
mechanism resists movement of the footpad in the horizontal
direction in response to an electrical control signal supplied as
input to the mechanism. A control system receives the force
indicating signal and generates the control signal such that the
mechanism resists movement depending on the force indicated by the
force indicating signal.
Inventors: |
Stearns; Kenneth W.;
(Houston, TX) ; Maresh; Joseph D.; (West Linn,
OR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Stearns; Kenneth W.
Maresh; Joseph D. |
Houston
West Linn |
TX
OR |
US
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
40810985 |
Appl. No.: |
13/623456 |
Filed: |
September 20, 2012 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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13157144 |
Jun 9, 2011 |
8292787 |
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13623456 |
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12834540 |
Jul 12, 2010 |
7981001 |
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13157144 |
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12482216 |
Jun 10, 2009 |
7789801 |
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12834540 |
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10712784 |
Nov 12, 2003 |
7556589 |
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12482216 |
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09684667 |
Oct 6, 2000 |
6672994 |
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10712784 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
482/8 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B 2230/06 20130101;
Y10S 482/90 20130101; A63B 24/00 20130101; A63B 2071/065 20130101;
Y10S 482/901 20130101; A63B 24/0062 20130101; A63B 22/001 20130101;
A63B 22/0007 20130101; A63B 2220/51 20130101; A63B 2230/75
20130101; A63B 21/225 20130101; A63B 21/0051 20130101; A63B
2022/067 20130101; A63B 22/0664 20130101; A63B 2230/062 20130101;
A63B 2220/54 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
482/8 |
International
Class: |
A63B 24/00 20060101
A63B024/00; A63B 22/06 20060101 A63B022/06 |
Claims
1-20. (canceled)
21. An exercise apparatus comprising: a frame; a footpad for
supporting a user's foot, the apparatus including a sensor that
generates a force indicating signal indicative of a force applied
to the footpad in a horizontal direction by the user's foot; a
mechanism that couples the footpad to the frame and guides the
footpad in a closed path having at least first and second mutually
perpendicular dimensions in response to forces applied to the
footpad by the user's foot, wherein said first dimension is
parallel to said horizontal direction and the mechanism resists
movement in said horizontal direction in response to an electrical
control signal supplied as input to the mechanism; and a control
system that receives the force indicating signal and generates the
control signal such that the mechanism resists movement depending
on the force indicated by the force indicating signal.
22. An exercise apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the first
dimension is aligned with a longitudinal dimension of the
frame.
23. An exercise apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the second
dimension is perpendicular to a longitudinal dimension of the
frame.
24. An exercise apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the frame
includes a forward stanchion, the footpad is connected to the
forward stanchion by a forward link, a resilient member is
interposed between the forward link and a supporting member, and
the force indicating signal generated by the sensor is indicative
of relative movement of the forward link and the supporting
member.
25. An exercise apparatus comprising: a frame having a longitudinal
dimension; a left footpad for supporting a user's left foot, the
apparatus including a left sensor that generates a force indicating
signal indicative of a force applied to the left footpad in a
horizontal direction by the user's left foot; a right footpad for
supporting a user's right foot, the apparatus including a right
sensor that generates a force indicating signal indicative of a
force applied to the right footpad in a horizontal direction by the
user's right foot; a mechanism that couples the footpads to the
frame and guides the footpads to move each in a closed path having
at least first and second mutually perpendicular dimensions in
response to forces applied to the footpads by the user's feet,
wherein said first dimension is parallel to said horizontal
direction, the second dimension is perpendicular to the
longitudinal dimension of the frame, and the mechanism resists
movement in said horizontal direction in response to an electrical
control signal supplied as input to the mechanism; and a control
system that receives the force indicating signal and generates the
control signal such that the mechanism resists movement depending
on the force indicated by the force indicating signal.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 09/684,667, filed on Oct. 6, 2000.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to exercise methods and
apparatus, including relationships between arm supporting members
and leg supporting members on various types of exercise equipment,
and/or switching between different phases of exercise performed on
exercise equipment.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Exercise equipment has been designed to facilitate various
exercise motions, many of which incorporate both arm movements and
leg movements. Examples of such equipment include elliptical
exercise machines (U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,242,343, 5,423,729, 5,540,637,
5,725,457, and 5,792,026); free form exercise machines (U.S. Pat.
Nos. 5,290,211 and 5,401,226); rider exercise machines (U.S. Pat.
Nos. 2,603,486, 5,695,434, and 5,997,446); glider/strider exercise
machines (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,940,233 and 5,795,268); stepper exercise
machines (U.S. Pat. No. 4,934,690); bicycle exercise machines (U.S.
Pat. Nos. 4,188,030 and 4,509,742); recumbent cycling machines
(U.S. Pat. No. 5,938,570); and other miscellaneous exercise
machines (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,869,494 and 5,039,088). These patents
are incorporated herein by reference as examples of suitable
applications for the present invention.
[0004] Generally speaking, the foregoing exercise machines have arm
supporting members and leg supporting members which are typically
synchronized to facilitate a coordinated "total body" exercise
motion. The synchronized motion is considered advantageous to the
extent that it makes the equipment relatively easy to use. On the
other hand, the perceived quality of exercise tends to exceed the
actual quality of exercise because the arms typically perform very
little work. In other words, the arms may be described generally as
"along for the ride."
[0005] In contrast to the foregoing machines, other exercise
machines have been developed to provide independent upper body
exercise and lower body exercise. One notable example is the
NordicTrack ski machine (U.S. Pat. No. 4,728,102). On machines of
this type, both the perceived quality of exercise and the actual
quality of exercise are relatively greater. The trade-off is that
many people consider such machines difficult to use, due to the
independent nature of the arm motions and the leg motions.
Recognizing that each of the foregoing types of total body exercise
machines suffers certain shortcomings, room for improvement remains
with respect to total body exercise machines.
[0006] All of the foregoing exercise machines are used primarily
for purposes of aerobic exercise. Various other sorts of equipment
are provided to facilitate anaerobic or strength exercise. In other
words, a need also exists for exercise equipment that facilitates
both aerobic and anaerobic exercise, and/or encourages users to
switch between these two types of exercise.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention provides unique methods and apparatus
for facilitating total body exercise, displaying data associated
with total body exercise, and/or switching between aerobic and
anaerobic exercise.
[0008] In one sense, the present invention may be described as
encouraging one or more arm supporting members to be synchronized
relative to respective leg supporting member(s) while allowing
relative movement between the arm supporting members and respective
leg supporting members in response to the application of force by a
user. The present invention may also be said to encourage one or
more arm supporting members to be synchronized relative to
respective leg supporting member(s) while subjecting the arm
supporting members to resistance which is applied and/or measured
independent of the leg supporting members. The present invention
may also be said to encourage a person to switch between two
different modes of exercise involving arm supporting members and/or
leg supporting members.
[0009] Various aspects of the present invention may be described
with reference to an exercise machine having a frame, left and
right leg supporting members, and left and right arm supporting
members. Each leg supporting member is part of a linkage assembly
designed to accommodate foot motion through a generally elliptical
path, and each arm supporting member is pivotally connected to the
frame and/or a respective leg supporting member to accommodate hand
motion through a generally reciprocal path. A separate resilient
member may be interconnected between each arm supporting member and
either the frame or a respective leg supporting member to bias the
arm supporting member to move through a particular path in response
to movement the respective leg supporting member. In such cases,
each arm supporting member remains synchronized with a respective
leg supporting member in the absence of user force applied against
the arm supporting member.
[0010] This same exercise machine preferably includes a resistance
device to provide adjustable resistance to movement of the leg
supporting members and the arm supporting members, and sensors for
detecting user force exerted against respective arm supporting
members. In one desired mode of operation, resistance to movement
of the leg supporting members is set, and the resistance is
subsequently adjusted in response to measurements of user force
applied against the arm supporting members. As a result, upper body
work can increase or decrease without affecting the amount of lower
body work being performed by the user.
[0011] Alternative embodiments of the present invention may be
implemented with this "responsive resistance" arrangement to the
exclusion of the resilient members discussed in the preceding
paragraph, or with the resilient members to the exclusion of the
"responsive resistance" arrangement. Different embodiments of the
present invention may also be implemented with different numbers
and types of leg supporting members and/or arm supporting
members.
[0012] The present invention may also be described in terms of
distinguishing between work performed by a user's arms and work
performed by a user's legs. For example, a controller may
periodically sense the force exerted by a user's arms and display
the amount of upper body work being performed, either alone or in
comparison to lower body work and/or target levels of work. The
amount of lower body work may be determined by calculating the
total amount of work (based on the resistance setting and speed of
exercise) and subtracting the amount of upper body work (based on
forces measured at the arm supporting members). The same controller
may also adjust the leg resistance device based upon the work being
performed by the user's arms (as discussed above) and/or the total
work being performed (for example).
[0013] The present invention may also be described in terms of
distinguishing between one or more modes of aerobic or cardio
exercise, and one or more modes of anaerobic or strength exercise.
For example, a controller may periodically switch between modes of
exercise and display data associated with the current mode. The
switch in modes may involve a change in resistance to encourage a
different type of exercise (e.g. relatively less resistance in the
cardio mode, and relatively greater resistance in the strength
mode), or a change in the amount or percentage of force exerted by
a person's upper body (e.g. less arm work in the cardio mode, and
relatively greater arm work in the strength mode).
[0014] Certain embodiments and applications of the present
invention are described in greater detail below and/or shown in the
accompanying figures. However, the present invention is not limited
to these particular embodiments and/or applications, nor even to
the types of machines on which they are shown. Moreover, the
present invention is applicable to different combinations of force
receiving and/or limb moving members, and may be implemented in
different ways on different machines. Additional variations and/or
advantages will become more apparent from the detailed description
that follows.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
[0015] With reference to the Figures of the Drawing, wherein like
numerals represent like parts and assemblies throughout the several
views,
[0016] FIG. 1 is a side view of an exercise apparatus constructed
according to the principles of the present invention;
[0017] FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the
exercise apparatus of FIG. 1;
[0018] FIG. 3 is a plan view of a user interface on the exercise
apparatus of FIG. 1;
[0019] FIG. 4a is a flow chart of a control program suitable for
use in conjunction with the exercise apparatus of FIG. 1;
[0020] FIG. 4b is a flow chart of another control program suitable
for use in conjunction with the exercise apparatus of FIG. 1;
[0021] FIG. 5 is a plan view of an alternative user interface
display;
[0022] FIG. 6 is a plan view of another alternative user interface
display;
[0023] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another exercise apparatus
constructed according to the principles of the present
invention;
[0024] FIG. 8 is a side view of yet another exercise apparatus
constructed according to the principles of the present
invention;
[0025] FIG. 9 is a plan view of a fourth user interface suitable
for use on the exercise apparatus of FIG. 1 (or any other
appropriate exercise apparatus);
[0026] FIG. 10 is a plan view of a fifth user interface suitable
for use on the exercise apparatus of FIG. 1 (or any other
appropriate exercise apparatus);
[0027] FIG. 11 is a plan view of a sixth user interface suitable
for use on the exercise apparatus of FIG. 1 (or any other
appropriate exercise apparatus);
[0028] FIG. 12 is a plan view of a seventh user interface suitable
for use on the exercise apparatus of FIG. 1 (or any other
appropriate exercise apparatus);
[0029] FIG. 13 is a plan view of a eighth user interface suitable
for use on the exercise apparatus of FIG. 1 (or any other
appropriate exercise apparatus);
[0030] FIG. 14 is a plan view of a ninth user interface suitable
for use on the exercise apparatus of FIG. 1 (or any other
appropriate exercise apparatus);
[0031] FIG. 15 is a plan view of a tenth user interface suitable
for use on the exercise apparatus of FIG. 1 (or any other
appropriate exercise apparatus); and
[0032] FIG. 16 is a plan view of the user interface of FIG. 15 with
an alternative display shown on the interface screen.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0033] An exercise apparatus constructed according to the
principles of the present invention is designated as 100 in FIGS.
1-2. The exercise apparatus 100 is an elliptical motion exercise
machine that is similar in many respects to certain exercise
machines disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,895,339 (which is
incorporated herein by reference). However, the various aspects of
the present invention are not limited to this specific type of
exercise machine nor to any particular category of exercise
machines, but rather, are suitable for use on various sorts of
exercise equipment. Examples of some other suitable applications
for the present invention are disclosed in the prior art patents
identified above in the Background of the Invention.
[0034] The exercise apparatus 100 is generally symmetrical about a
vertical plane extending lengthwise through its center. Generally
speaking, the apparatus 100 includes similar "right-hand" linkage
components and "left-hand" linkage components which are disposed on
opposite sides of the plane of symmetry, and which are one hundred
and eighty degrees out of phase relative to one another. Like
reference numerals are used to designate both the "right-hand" and
"left-hand" parts, and when reference is made to one or more parts
on one side of an apparatus, it is to be understood that
corresponding part(s) are disposed on the opposite side of the
apparatus. Certain components, which are intersected by the plane
of symmetry and/or are associated with the inertial characteristics
of the linkage assembly, exist individually and thus, do not have
any "opposite side" counterparts.
[0035] The exercise apparatus 100 includes a frame 110 which
extends from a forward end to a rearward end and has an I-shaped
base configured to rest upon a floor surface. A forward stanchion
extends upward from the base at the forward end of the frame 110,
and a rearward stanchion extends upward from the base at the
rearward end of the frame 110. Also, a trunnion extends upward from
the base at an intermediate portion of the frame 110. The linkage
assembly is movably interconnected between the rearward stanchion,
the forward stanchion, and the intermediate trunnion. Generally
speaking, the linkage assembly links rotation of left and right
cranks 120 to generally elliptical motion of left and right foot
supports 155. The term "generally elliptical motion" is intended in
a broad sense to describe a closed path of motion having a
relatively longer first axis and a relatively shorter second axis
(which extends perpendicular to the first axis).
[0036] On each side of the apparatus 100, a respective crank 120 is
rotatably mounted on the rear stanchion via a common crank shaft.
The depicted crank 120 is a disc which also functions as a pulley
(or sprocket), but the invention is not limited to this particular
arrangement. A flywheel 124 is rotatably mounted on the rear
stanchion, beneath the crank disc 120, and is connected in
"stepped-up" fashion to the crank disc 120. In particular, a
relatively smaller diameter pulley (or sprocket) is rigidly secured
to the flywheel 124 and linked to the crank disc 120 by means of a
looped linkage member 122, such as a timing belt (or chain). An
eddy current resistance device 126 is mounted on the frame 110 and
operatively connected to the flywheel 124. The components described
in this paragraph, as well as their arrangement and operation, are
well known in the art. Generally speaking, the flywheel 124 adds
inertia to the linkage assembly, and the eddy current resistance
device 126 provides adjustable resistance to rotation of the
flywheel 124 (and associated movement of the components of the
linkage assembly).
[0037] A radially displaced portion of each crank 120 is rotatably
connected to an intermediate portion of a respective connector link
130 at a respective connection point 132. The lower end of each
connector link 130 is rotatably connected to a rearward end of a
respective rocker link 140 at a respective connection point 134. An
opposite, forward end of each rocker link 140 is pivotally
connected to the intermediate trunnion at a respective connection
point 141. An opposite, upper end of each connector link 130 is
rotatably connected to a rearward end of a respective foot
supporting link 150 at a respective connection point 135. An
opposite, forward end of each foot supporting link 150 is rotatably
connected to a lower end of a respective rocker link 160 at a
respective connection point 156. An intermediate portion of each
foot supporting link 150 is sized and configured to function as a
respective foot support 155. An opposite, upper end of each rocker
link 160 is rotatably connected to the forward stanchion at pivot
axis P (shown in FIG. 2).
[0038] On each side of the apparatus 100, a hub 166 is rigidly
secured to the upper end of a respective rocker link 160 and has a
star-shaped or keyed perimeter which projects axially, in a
direction away from the central plane of symmetry. A generally
annular member 186 has a central, star-shaped opening or keyway
which fits snugly about a respective hub 166, thereby keying the
two members 186 and 166 to one another. For reasons that become
more apparent below, the member 186 is resilient and preferably
made of rubber. The resilient member 186 has a star-shaped or keyed
perimeter which is similar in shape but larger in size than the
perimeter of the hub 166. A plate 176 has a central, star-shaped
opening or keyway which fits snugly about a respective resilient
member 186, thereby keying the two members 186 and 176 to one
another. A handlebar 170 has a lower end which is rigidly connected
to a respective plate 176, and an opposite, upper end 177 which is
sized and configured for grasping in a respective hand of a user
standing on the foot supports 155.
[0039] On each side of the apparatus 100, two pegs 168 are rigidly
secured to a respective hub 166, project axially outward from the
hub 166, and define a gap therebetween. A metal strip 178 has an
upper end which is disposed in the gap between a respective pair of
pegs 168, and an opposite, lower end which is rigidly secured to a
respective plate 176 by suitable means (such as screws and/or
welding). A separate strain gauge 188 (or other suitable sensor) is
mounted lengthwise on each strip 178, and is connected to a
respective wire 189 which extends into the frame 110 via a
centrally located bore in a centrally located bar 116. Covers 180,
sized and configured to span the exposed side of the plates 176
(and the components within the perimeter of the plates 176), are
preferably secured (by bolts, for example) to respective hubs 166
to shroud the components and/or prevent relative axial movement
between respective plates 176, annular members 186, and hubs
166.
[0040] The strain gauge 188 operates in a manner known in the art
to generate an electrical signal which is indicative of strain
experienced by the strip 178. An alternative type of suitable
sensor may simply measure displacement, for example. Those skilled
in the art will also recognize that similar sensor arrangements
(and/or flexing arrangements) may be placed on other suitable
portions of the apparatus 100 to measure work and/or provide
tactile feedback in response to the application of arm force.
[0041] Generally speaking, the arrangement inside each cover 180
biases a respective handlebar 170 to remain in a particular
orientation relative to a respective rocker link 160. As a result,
each handlebar 170 will simply pivot together with a respective
rocker link 160 (entirely "in sync") when a user of the apparatus
100 is exercising his lower body to the exclusion of his upper
body. However, when the user applies force through either handlebar
170, the respective resilient member 186 will accommodate some
pivoting or "flexing" of the handlebar 170 relative to the
respective rocker link 160. The freedom to move the handlebar 170
out of sync, although limited in range, tends to provide the user
with the sensation of having accomplished something with his upper
body independent of the motion associated with exercise of his
lower body. In other words, the user can increase the arm exercise
stroke relative to the leg exercise stroke, simply by pulling
and/or pushing on respective handles 177, preferably in a manner
which remains coordinated with movement of the rocker links 160.
Generally speaking, the length of the arm exercise stroke is a
function of force exerted by the user against the handles 177
(under a given set of operating parameters). On the preferred
embodiment 100, the dampening effect of the rubber members 186
tends to limit the rate of change in the length of the arm exercise
stroke. Also, if desired, the available range of relative motion
may be strictly limited by placing overlapping stops on the
handlebars 170 and either the rocker links 160 or the frame
110.
[0042] Movement of a handlebar 170 relative to a respective rocker
link 160 places strain on a respective strip 178. The magnitude of
the strain (and/or the displacement experienced by the strip 178)
may be used to assess the amount of work performed via the user's
upper body and/or the relative amounts of work performed via the
user's upper body and the user's lower body. This information may
be displayed in various forms to the user and/or used in connection
with various functions of the apparatus 100. For example, FIG. 4a
shows a flow chart of a program 220 suitable for controlling the
resistance device 126 during variable operation of the handlebars
170. The program 220 is described as "Auto Mode" because it is
designed to automatically adjust the resistance device 126 as a
function of force applied against the handlebars 170.
[0043] As an initial step 221, the program 220 activates in
response to a signal to enter the Auto Mode. The next step 222 is
to set the base resistance (BR) for resisting exercise of the lower
body only. For example, the base resistance may be set manually by
the user, or as part of a pre-programmed exercise routine, or based
upon steady state operation of the apparatus 100 over the course of
a particular time period. The next step 223 is to set the current
resistance (CR) for the resistance device 126 to equal the base
resistance (BR). The next step 224 is to process incoming data, if
any, from the sensors 188. If no upper body force (UBF) is
detected, then the program 220 returns to the step 223 of setting
the current resistance (CR) equal to the base resistance (BR). On
the other hand, if upper body force (UBF) is detected, then the
next step 225 is to increase the current resistance (CR) to provide
a reactionary force to the upper body force (UBF). The program 220
then repeats the data processing step 224, which may involve taking
multiple samples and/or performing mathematical analysis on the
incoming data.
[0044] FIG. 4b shows a flow chart of a program 230 suitable for
signalling the user during variable operation of the handlebars
170. The program 230 is described as "Prompt Mode" because it
prompts the user to distribute work between the upper body and
lower body in accordance with a predetermined target
distribution.
[0045] As an initial step 231, the program 230 activates in
response to a signal to enter the Prompt Mode. The next step 232 is
to set the base resistance (BR) and the upper body target (UBT) as
a percentage of the base resistance. For example, the base
resistance may be set manually by the user, or as part of a
pre-programmed exercise routine, or based upon a heart rate portion
of the control program, and the upper body target may be set
manually by the user and/or established by another portion of the
control program. The next steps 233-238 involve the gathering and
processing of data from the sensors 188. If step 234 determines
that upper body force (UBF) exceeds the upper body target (UBT) by
more than 5%, then the next step 235 signals the user to use more
legs and/or less arms, and then the sampling step 233 is repeated.
Otherwise, step 236 determines whether or not the detected upper
body target (UBT) exceeds the upper body force (UBF) by more than
5%. If yes, then step 237 signals the user to use more arms and/or
less legs, and then the sampling step 233 is repeated. If no, then
step 238 signals the user that the actual distribution of work is
comparable to the target distribution of work, and then the
sampling step 233 is repeated. The program may be further refined
to distinguish between the user's left and right arms and/or the
user's left and right legs, and/or to compare total actual exertion
to a total target level of exertion.
[0046] A user interface 190 is mounted on top of the forward
stanchion on the machine 100. Various programs, including the
programs 220 and 230, are stored within the memory of the interface
190, and both the strain gauges 188 and the eddy current resistance
device 126 are placed in communication with a controller in the
user interface 190 (via wires or other suitable means). As
suggested in FIG. 3, the user interface 190 may be configured to
perform a variety of functions, including displaying information to
the user, such as (a) available exercise parameters and/or
programs, (b) the current parameters and/or currently selected
program (see windows 197 and 198), (c) the current time, (d) the
elapsed exercise time (see window 194), (e) the current and/or
average speed of exercise (see window 195), (f) the amount of work
performed during exercise, (g) the simulated distance traveled
during the current workout session and/or over the course of
multiple workout sessions (see window 196), (h) material
transmitted over the internet, and/or (i) discrete amounts of work
being performed by the user's arms and/or legs.
[0047] With respect to information based upon multiple workout
sessions, the interface 190 may be programmed to store cumulative
data and also, to distinguish between multiple users of the
apparatus 100. With regard to the distribution of work, bar graphs
191a and 191b show the relative amounts of work currently being
performed by a user's upper body and lower body, respectively; bar
graphs 192a and 192b show the relative amounts of work performed
over the course of a workout by a user's upper body and lower body,
respectively; and bar graphs 193a and 193b show the relative
amounts of work performed over the course of multiple workouts by a
user's upper body and lower body, respectively.
[0048] The user interface 190 may also be configured to perform
functions allowing the user to (a) select or change the information
being viewed, (b) select or change an exercise program, (c) adjust
the resistance to exercise of the arms and/or the legs, (d) adjust
the stroke length of the arms and/or the legs (if available), (e)
adjust the orientation of the exercise motion (if available),
and/or (f) quickly stop the exercise motion of the arms and/or the
legs (if available). To facilitate the selection of such options,
the user interface 190 includes user operable input devices 199
which may be used at various times and/or in various combinations
to achieve a desired result. The devices 199 may be push buttons or
sensors integrated into a display, and they may be labeled
according to their functions.
[0049] Those skilled in the art will recognize that various
functions of the apparatus 100 may be controlled by and/or
performed in response to various types of signals, including (a)
the user activating an input device 199 on the user interface 190
or on either handle 177; (b) a sensor detecting the presence or
absence of the user's hands on the handles 177; (c) a sensor
detecting the user's level of exertion (user exerted force and/or
heart rate, for example) for comparison to a target level or range;
(d) an automated program; and/or (e) a person other than the user
(such as a trainer) who is in communication with the apparatus (via
remote control and/or the internet, for example).
[0050] Those skilled in the art will also recognize that other
types of input devices and/or displays may be used without
departing from the scope of the present invention. For example,
FIG. 5 shows an alternative user interface 200 with two alternative
displays of the relative amounts of work performed by a user's
upper body and lower body. A first, digital display 202 shows the
percentage of work performed by the user's upper body adjacent to
the percentage of work performed by the user's lower body. A
second, analog display includes a scale 204 and an indicator 206
which moves along the scale 204 to indicate the percentage of work
being performed by whichever portion of the user's body is
currently performing the majority of the work. The user interface
200 also includes three LED displays 207-209 which may be
alternatively lit to indicate the relationship between the user's
current distribution of work and the user's target distribution of
work. More specifically, the illumination of display 207 signals
the user to increase the effort on upper body exercise; the
illumination of display 208 signals the user to maintain the
current distribution of work between upper body and lower body; and
the illumination of display 209 signals the user to increase the
effort on lower body exercise. Those skilled in the art will
recognize that audible signals may used together with or in place
of visible signals.
[0051] Another alternative user interface 210 is shown in FIG. 6.
Two analog displays are aligned relative to one another to
facilitate a visual comparison between the target distribution of
work and the actual distribution of work. Each display includes an
identical scale 214 and a respective indicator 216 or 218. The
"target" indicator 216 moves along the upper scale 214 to indicate
the user's target distribution of work between upper body and lower
body, and the "actual" indicator 218 moves along the lower scale
214 to indicate the user's actual distribution of work between
upper body and lower body. If desired, all of the foregoing
displays may be enhanced to distinguish between the left and right
sides of the person's body, as well.
[0052] The present invention may be implemented in various ways
and/or to achieve various results. For example, another embodiment
of the present invention is shown in FIG. 7. As suggested by the
common reference numerals, the apparatus 250 is similar to the
first embodiment 100, except for the rocker link 260, the handlebar
270, and the manner in which they are connected to one another and
the frame 110 at connection assembly 280. In particular, a steel
hub 256 is rotatably mounted on frame member 116, and a resilient
member 286 is mounted on and about the hub 256 and keyed thereto,
and a steel plate 266 is mounted on and about the resilient member
186 and keyed thereto. In other words, the resilient member 286 is
interconnected between the hub 256 and the plate 266. Both the
rocker link 260 and the handlebar 270 are rigidly secured to the
plate 266. In response to the application of user force against the
handle 277, the resilient member 286 is compressed between the
plate 266 and the hub 256, causing the strip 178 to experience
strain as a function of such force.
[0053] Another, related embodiment may be implemented by switching
each connection assembly 280 with a respective pivot joint 156
defined between the rocker link 260 and the foot supporting link
150. Yet another approach is to form the handlebars and respective
rocker links as unitary pieces and place suitable sensors on the
handle portions 277 of the handlebars or between the handlebars and
movable handgrips on the handlebars. Sensors may be connected to
the foot supports 155, as well or in the alternative.
[0054] Still another embodiment of the present invention is
designated as 300 in FIG. 8. The exercise apparatus 300 includes a
frame 310 designed to rest upon a floor surface, and a leg exercise
assembly similar to that on the first embodiment 100. Among other
things, the leg exercise assembly includes left and right foot
supporting links 350 having forward ends rotatably connected to
lower ends of respective rocker links 360. An intermediate portion
of each foot supporting link is sized and configured to support a
person's foot, and is constrained to move through a generally
elliptical path.
[0055] An intermediate portion of each rocker link 360 is rotatably
connected to the frame 310 at pivot axis Q. Left and right
handlebars 370 have respective lower ends rotatably connected to
respective rocker links 360 at respective pivot axes R (disposed a
distance above the pivot axis Q). An opposite, upper end 377 of
each handlebar 370 is sized and configured for grasping by a person
standing on the foot supporting links 350.
[0056] An upper end 365 of each rocker link 360 is configured to
provide an arcuate slot 367 which is centered about a respective
pivot axis R. A respective block 385 is movably mounted within each
slot 367, and is rigidly secured to an intermediate portion of a
respective handlebar 370 (by means of a bolt 375, for example).
First and second resilient members 387 are preferably disposed in
respective gaps defined between opposite sides of the block 385 and
opposite ends of the slot 367 to bias the handlebar 370 toward an
aligned orientation relative to the rocker link 360. On this
embodiment 300, the resilient members 387 are helical coil springs,
but rubber blocks may be used in the alternative.
[0057] In the absence of user force applied against the handles
377, the handlebars 370 pivot in synchronized fashion together with
respective rocker links 360. However, the resilient members 387
allow the handlebars 370 to be forcibly moved relative to
respective rocker links 360 at the discretion (and strength) of the
user. The embodiment 300 is shown without strain gauges or other
sensors to emphasize that (1) the "flexible synchronization"
feature; (2) the "responsive resistance" feature; and (3) the
"display of work distribution" feature may implemented independent
of each other, as well as in various combinations. Additional
examples of variability include replacing the resilient member 286
on the embodiment 250 with a similarly sized and shaped rigid
member, and/or replacing the strip 178 on the embodiment 100 with a
sufficiently strong bar rigidly secured to both the plate 176 and
the hub 166.
[0058] FIG. 9 shows another user interface 400 suitable for use on
various embodiments of the present invention, including the machine
shown in FIG. 1. Like the other interfaces described herein, the
interface 400 includes a display face that may be either a
permanent arrangement or an image shown on a screen. A controller
is placed in communication with both the display face and the
strain gauges 188. The controller operates in a manner similar to
the controller described above with reference to the display 190,
but with a unique arrangement for data input and output. Among
other things, the user interface 400 has a left side portion 410
that shows information primarily associated with strength exercise,
a right side portion 420 that shows information primarily
associated with cardio exercise, a bottom portion 430 that shows
certain control information, and a central portion 440 that shows
some general information associated with overall exercise.
[0059] The left side portion 410 includes a "Strength" label and
signal box 411 that is preferably set up to illuminate when
strength exercise is being performed by the user and/or encouraged
by the controller. Beneath the Strength "header" are various data
displays associated with the user's performance of strength-type
exercise. For example, bar graphs 414 show the current amount of
relative work being performed by the user's upper body and lower
body in terms of pushing and pulling motion.
[0060] Below the bar graphs 414 is an array of boxes 416 that is
lit sequentially from left to right as repetitions are performed
during a strength phase of an exercise routine. When the row of
boxes 416 is completely lit, it serves as a signal that the user
has completed a satisfactory number of repetitions during that
particular strength phase. At the successful conclusion of a
strength phase, one of the boxes 446 in the central portion 440 of
the display is lit. During each subsequent strength phase, the
process is repeated. Below the "REPS" boxes 416 are data
"read-outs" 418 that show the user's current strength effort and
total strength effort in terms of upper body performance and lower
body performance.
[0061] The right side portion 420 includes a "Cardio" label and
signal box 421 that is preferably set up to illuminate when cardio
exercise is being performed by a user and/or encouraged by the
controller. Beneath the Cardio "header" are various data displays
associated with the user's performance of cardio-type exercise. For
example, data "read-outs" 424 show the user's speed and the
machine's current resistance setting.
[0062] Below the read-outs 424 is an array of boxes 426 that is lit
sequentially from left to right as "distance" is traversed during a
cardio phase of an exercise routine. When the row of boxes 426 is
completely lit, it serves as a signal that the user has
successfully completed that particular cardio phase, and one of the
boxes 446 in the central portion 440 of the display is lit. During
each subsequent cardio phase, the process is repeated. Below the
"TIME" boxes 426 are additional data "read-outs" 428 that show the
user's effort in terms of calories burned.
[0063] The lower portion 430 includes a control panel having
various user input devices 433 and 435 that guide operation of the
controller and/or the machine as suggested by their labels. The
lower portion 630 also includes a display 437 of the user's heart
rate, which requires a heart rate monitor that is either connected
to the user or integrated into the handles 177 (all in a manner
already known in the art).
[0064] The central portion 440 of the interface 400 includes the
column of boxes 446 that preferably light from bottom to top to
tally completed phases of a workout. Above the boxes 446 is a
"TOTAL TIME" read-out 444 to indicate how long the user has been
exercising, and a two-headed arrow 442 that lights on the left end
to indicate when strength exercise is being performed by the user
and/or encouraged by the controller, and that lights on the right
end to indicate when cardio exercise is being performed by the user
and/or encouraged by the controller. The arrow 442 and the signal
boxes 411 and 421 perform a similar task, and thus, may be used
together or in lieu of one another.
[0065] For added visual effect, the Cardio information and/or the
right side 420 of the interface 400 may be highlighted and/or lit
in a first color, such as red, and the Strength information and/or
the left side 410 of the interface 400 may be highlighted and/or
lit in a second color, such as blue. In addition, the information
that is not "mode specific" may be highlighted and/or lit in a
third color, such as green. During exercise activity, the screen
may switch between cardio mode, wherein the Cardio box 421 is
illuminated to the exclusion of the Strength box 411, and strength
mode, wherein the Strength box 411 is illuminated to the exclusion
of the Cardio box 421. The switching between modes may be prompted
by a control program, input from the user, or a controller signal
based upon the user's performance. Generally speaking, the
controller will increase resistance to exercise in the strength
mode, and decrease resistance to exercise in the cardio mode.
[0066] FIG. 10 shows a user interface 500 that is similar in many
respects to the previously described interface 400. In fact, the
only difference is that completed phases of exercise are tallied in
a row of boxes 436 disposed in the lower portion 530 of the
interface 500 (just below the left and right portions 410 and
420).
[0067] FIG. 11 shows another user interface 600 suitable for use on
various embodiments of the present invention, including the machine
shown in FIG. 1. Like the other interfaces described herein, the
interface 600 includes a display face that may be provided as
either a permanent arrangement or an image on a screen. A
controller is placed in communication with both the display face
and the strain gauges 188 or comparable sensors on another machine.
The controller operates in a manner similar to the controller
described above with reference to the display 190, but with a
unique arrangement for data input and output. The user interface
600 has a left side portion 610 that shows information primarily
associated with strength exercise, and a right side portion 620
that shows both information primarily associated with cardio
exercise and certain control information.
[0068] The left side portion 610 includes a "Strength" header box
611 that is preferably set up to illuminate when strength exercise
is being performed (or encouraged). Beneath the Strength header box
611 is an array of smaller, "progress" boxes 612. A column of boxes
612 is lit sequentially from bottom to top as repetitions are
performed during a strength phase of an exercise routine. When a
column of boxes 612 is completely lit, it serves as a signal that
the user has completed a satisfactory number of repetitions during
that particular strength phase. During the next strength phase, an
adjacent column of boxes 612 is lit in similar fashion. When all of
the columns of boxes 612 are lit, they serve as a signal that the
user has satisfactorily completed all strength phases of the
exercise routine.
[0069] The left side portion 610 also includes an array of
"read-out" boxes 614 associated with certain labeled performance
measurements. These boxes 614 show specific data based on the
user's current and total strength performance, as indicated by the
adjacent labels. The left side portion 610 also includes an array
of "relativity" boxes 616 that illustrate the relative amount of
arm and leg force exerted separately in pushing and pulling
fashion. A "cursor" 617 is continuously updated relative to the
boxes 616 during strength exercise to show the current source of
force being exerted.
[0070] The right side portion 620 includes a "Cardio" header box
621 that is preferably set up to illuminate when cardio exercise is
being performed (or encouraged). Beneath the Cardio header box 621
is an array of smaller, "progress" boxes 622 similar to the
Strength progress boxes 612. A column of boxes 622 is lit
sequentially from bottom to top as exercise is performed during a
cardio phase of an exercise routine. When a column of boxes 622 is
completely lit, it serves as a signal that the user has
satisfactorily completed a cardio phase. During the next cardio
phase, an adjacent column of boxes 622 is lit in similar fashion.
When all of the columns of boxes 622 are lit, they serve as a
signal that the user has satisfactorily completed all cardio phases
of the exercise routine.
[0071] The right side portion 620 also includes an array of
"read-out" boxes 624 associated with certain labeled performance
measurements. These boxes 624 show specific data based on the
user's current and total strength performance, as indicated by the
adjacent labels. The right side portion 620 also includes a control
panel 630 having a header panel 630 and various user input devices
633 that guide operation of the controller as suggested by their
labels. The header panel 630 shows various information in response
to user input and/or exercise activity, in order to assist a user
in changing exercise parameters or programs, for example.
[0072] Beneath the arrays of boxes 612 and 622, some additional
"read-out" boxes 636 are provided to display data regarding a
user's overall exercise performance. The heart rate requires a
heart rate monitor that is either connected to the user or
integrated into the handles 177 (all in a manner already known in
the art).
[0073] For added visual effect, the Cardio information and/or the
right side 620 of the interface 600 may be highlighted and/or lit
in a first color, such as red, and the Strength information and/or
the left side 610 of the interface 600 may be highlighted and/or
lit in a second color, such as blue. In addition, the information
that is not "mode specific" may be highlighted and/or lit in a
third color, such as green. During exercise activity, the screen
may switch between cardio mode, wherein the Cardio header 621 is
illuminated to the exclusion of the Strength header 611, and
strength mode, wherein the Strength header 611 is illuminated to
the exclusion of the Cardio header 621. The switching between modes
may be prompted by a control program, input from the user, or a
controller signal based upon the user's performance. Generally
speaking, the controller will increase resistance to exercise in
the strength mode, and decrease resistance to exercise in the
cardio mode.
[0074] FIG. 12 shows another user interface 700 suitable for use on
various embodiments of the present invention, including the machine
shown in FIG. 1. Like the other interfaces described herein, the
interface 700 includes a display face that may be either a
permanent arrangement or an image on a screen. A controller is
placed in communication with both the display face and the strain
gauges 188 or comparable sensors on another machine. The controller
operates in a manner similar to the controller described above with
reference to the display 190, but with a unique arrangement for
data input and output. The user interface 700 has an upper left
section 710 that shows information primarily associated with cardio
exercise, an upper right section 720 that shows information
primarily associated with strength exercise, and a lower middle
section 730 that shows certain control information and general
exercise information.
[0075] The upper left section 710 includes a "Cardio" heading or
label 711 that helps a user locate the cardio portion of the
interface 700. Along the outside perimeter of the cardio section
710 is a string of "progress" dots 712. These dots 712 light
sequentially from top to bottom as progress is being made during a
cardio phase of an exercise routine. When the string of dots 712 is
completely lit (or a single "cursor" light has progressed all the
way to the bottom), it serves as a signal that the user has
satisfactorily completed a cardio phase, and an appropriate one of
the "Sets" dots 713 is lit in the control section 730 of the
display. During the next cardio phase, the same string of dots 712
is lit in similar fashion, followed by another Sets dot 713. When
all of the Sets dots 713 are lit on the left side of the control
section 730, they serve as a signal that the user has
satisfactorily completed all cardio phases of the exercise
routine.
[0076] Beneath the cardio label 711, the upper left section 710
also includes an array of "read-out" boxes 714 associated with
certain performance measurements. These boxes 714 show specific
data based on the user's current and total cardio performance, as
indicated by the adjacent labels. Also, graphs and/or meters may be
provided to provide graphic illustrations of cardio exercise
performance. For example, one such meter 716 is provided in the
upper left section 710 to illustrate the level or inclination of
the user's foot path.
[0077] The upper right section 720 includes a "Strength" heading or
label 721 that helps a user locate the strength portion of the
interface 700. Along the outside perimeter of the strength section
720 is a string of "progress" dots 722. These dots 722 light
sequentially from top to bottom as repetitions are performed during
a strength phase of an exercise routine. When the string of dots
722 is completely lit (or a single "cursor" light has progressed
all the way to the bottom), it serves as a signal that the user has
satisfactorily completed a strength phase, and an appropriate one
of the "Sets" dots 723 is lit in the control section 730 of the
display. During the next strength phase, the same string of dots
722 is lit in similar fashion, followed by another Sets dot 723.
When all of the Sets dots 723 are lit on the right side of the
control section 730, they serve as a signal that the user has
satisfactorily completed all strength phases of the exercise
routine.
[0078] Under circumstances where the number of depicted dots (of
any type) differs from the scheduled or preferred exercise routine,
the controller can compensate in various ways. For example, if a
user is going to perform only 10 repetitions during a strength
phase, then the program can light (or traverse) three dots after
every two repetitions, or light the first six dots after
performance of the first repetition. On the other hand, if a user
is going to perform 20 repetitions during a strength phase, then
the program can light (or traverse) three dots after every four
repetitions, or strobe the first dot during each of the first five
repetitions before beginning to sequentially light (or traverse)
the dots. A similar approach may be taken with regard to distance
during cardio phases, and/or sets accumulated in the control
section.
[0079] The upper right section 720 also includes an array of
"read-out" boxes 724 associated with certain performance
measurements. These boxes 724 show specific data based on the
user's current and total strength performance, as indicated by the
adjacent labels. Also, graphs and/or meters may be provided to
provide graphic illustrations of strength exercise performance. For
example, respective meters 726 are provided in the upper right
section 720 to illustrate the relatively amounts of pushing and
pulling performed by a person's arms and legs.
[0080] The control section 730 includes a header or label that
helps a user locate the control portion of the interface 700. A
display area 731 is provided in the control section 730 to display
various messages to the user in response to user input and/or
exercise activity, in order to assist a user in changing exercise
parameters or programs, for example. Also, various user input
devices 733 are provided in the control section 730 to facilitate
operation of the controller as suggested by their labels.
Furthermore, in addition to the Sets dots 713 and 723, some
additional "read-out" boxes 736 are provided to display data
regarding a user's overall exercise performance. The heart rate
display requires a heart rate monitor that is either connected to
the user or integrated into the handles 177 (all in a manner
already known in the art).
[0081] For added visual effect, the various sections of the
interface 700 may be highlighted and/or lit in discrete colors,
and/or the perimeter (including associated borders 707) of the
"active" section may illuminate to draw the user's attention. Also,
the Sets dots 713 and 723 may be illuminated in the respective
colors of their related sections to help maintain a connection
therebetween. During exercise activity, the screen may switch
between cardio mode, strength mode, and control mode, as prompted
by a control program, input from the user, or a controller signal
based upon the user's performance. Generally speaking, the
controller will increase resistance to exercise in the strength
mode, and decrease resistance to exercise in the cardio mode.
[0082] FIG. 13 shows another user interface 700' suitable for use
on various embodiments of the present invention, including the
machine shown in FIG. 1. As suggested by the common reference
numerals, the interface 700' is similar in many respects to the
interface 700. In fact, the only difference is the arrangement of
the control panel portion 750 of the interface 700. The user input
devices 753 are arranged in an arc along the bottom of the control
section 750. These devices 753 include a Switch Panels input device
754 that allows the user to promptly switch among the three
sections 710, 720, and 750. For example, if the cardio section 710
is active, and the user operates the Switch Panels input device
754, then the control section 750 becomes active, and if the user
operates the Switch Panels input device 754 again, then the
strength section 720 becomes active. The Control Panel label is
centrally located just above the input devices 753, and just below
the display area 751. The Total Time "read-out" 756 is centrally
located at the top of the section 750.
[0083] FIG. 14 shows another user interface 800 suitable for use on
various embodiments of the present invention, including the machine
shown in FIG. 1. Like the other interfaces described herein, the
interface 800 includes a display face that may be either a
permanent arrangement or an image on a screen. A controller is
placed in communication with both the display face and the strain
gauges 188 or comparable sensors on another machine. The controller
operates in a manner similar to the controller described above with
reference to the display 190, but with a unique arrangement for
data input and output. The user interface 800 has a generally upper
left section 810 that shows information primarily associated with
cardio exercise, a generally upper right section 820 that shows
information primarily associated with strength exercise, and a
lower middle section 830 that shows certain control information and
overall exercise information.
[0084] The upper left section 810 includes a "Cardio" heading or
label 811 that helps a user locate the cardio portion of the
interface 800. Along the outside perimeter of the cardio section
810 is a string of "progress" dots 812. These dots 812 light
sequentially from bottom to top as progress is being made during a
cardio phase of an exercise routine. When the string of dots 812 is
completely lit (or a single "cursor" light has progressed all the
way around to the center of the display 800), it serves as a signal
that the user has satisfactorily completed a cardio phase, and an
appropriate one of the "Sets" dots 813 is lit in the "Sets" box
838. During the next cardio phase, the same string of dots 812 is
lit in similar fashion, followed by another Sets dot 813. When all
of the Sets dots 813 are lit on the left side of the Sets box 838,
they serve as a signal that the user has satisfactorily completed
all cardio phases of the exercise routine.
[0085] Beneath the cardio label 811, the upper left section 810
also includes an array of "read-out" boxes 814 associated with
certain performance measurements. These boxes 814 show specific
data based on the user's current and total cardio performance, as
indicated by the adjacent labels. Although not shown on this
embodiment, graphs and/or meters may be included to provide graphic
illustrations of cardio exercise performance, as well.
[0086] The upper right section 820 includes a "Strength" heading or
label 821 that helps a user locate the strength portion of the
interface 800. Along the outside perimeter of the strength section
820 is a string of "progress" dots 822. These dots 822 light
sequentially from bottom to top as repetitions are performed during
a strength phase of an exercise routine. When the string of dots
822 is completely lit (or a single "cursor" light has progressed
all the way around to the center of the display 800), it serves as
a signal that the user has satisfactorily completed a strength
phase, and an appropriate one of the "Sets" dots 823 is lit in the
"Sets" box 838. During the next strength phase, the same string of
dots 822 is lit in similar fashion, followed by another Sets dot
823. When all of the Sets dots 823 are lit on the right side of the
Sets box 838, they signal that the user has satisfactorily
completed all strength phases of the exercise routine.
[0087] As discussed above with reference to the preceding
embodiment 700, when the number of depicted dots (of any type)
differs from the scheduled or preferred exercise routine, the
controller can compensate in various ways. For example, if a user
is going to perform only 10 repetitions during a strength phase,
then the program can light (or traverse) two dots after every
repetition, or light the first eleven dots after performance of the
first repetition. On the other hand, if a user is going to perform
30 repetitions during a strength phase, then the program can light
(or traverse) two dots after every three repetitions, or strobe the
first dot during each of the first ten repetitions before beginning
to sequentially light (or traverse) the dots. A similar approach
may be taken with regard to distance during cardio phases, and/or
sets accumulated in the control section.
[0088] The upper right section 820 also includes an array of
"read-out" boxes 824 associated with certain performance
measurements. These boxes 824 show specific data based on the
user's current and total strength performance, as indicated by the
adjacent labels. Although not shown, graphs and/or meters may be
included to provide graphic illustrations of strength exercise
performance, as well.
[0089] The control section 830 is spread out beneath the other
sections 810 and 820 and between the progress dots 812 and 822. The
control section 830 includes the sets box 838, which is aligned
with the proximate ends of the strings of dots 812 and 822 (to
provide a visual connection between the dots associated with a
single phase and the dots associated with completed phases). A
display area 832 is provided in the control section 830 to display
various messages to the user in response to user input and/or
exercise activity, in order to assist a user in changing exercise
parameters or programs, for example. The section 830 also includes
header or label 831 that helps a user locate the control portion of
the interface 800. Also, various user input devices 833 are
provided in the control section 830 to facilitate operation of the
controller as suggested by their labels. Furthermore, a "Total
Time" box 856 is provided at an upper middle location.
[0090] For added visual effect, the various sections of the
interface 800 may be highlighted and/or lit in discrete colors.
Also, the Sets dots 813 and 823 may be illuminated in the
respective colors of their related sections to help maintain a
connection therebetween. During exercise activity, the screen may
switch between cardio mode, strength mode, and control mode, as
prompted by a control program, input from the user, or a controller
signal based upon the user's performance. Generally speaking, the
controller will increase resistance to exercise in the strength
mode, and decrease resistance to exercise in the cardio mode.
[0091] FIGS. 15-16 show a user interface 900 having a right side
portion 930 that remains the same, and a left side portion that
changes between a "Cardio" display (designated as 910 in FIG. 15)
and a "Strength" display (designated as 920 in FIG. 16). The right
side portion 930 includes a control panel 931 having a heading area
and various user input sensors 933 beneath the heading area. These
sensors 933 include a "Switch Screens" sensor that allows a user to
toggle between the Cardio display 910 and the Strength display 920.
The right side portion 910 also includes a display area 939 that
shows various information in response to user input and/or exercise
activity.
[0092] The right side or common portion 930 further includes a
centrally located "Sets" counter area 934, and a centrally located
"Total Time" display 938. The Sets area 934 includes a first column
of dots 941 that aligns with a string of dots 914 in the Cardio
display 910, and a second column of dots 942 that aligns with a
string of dots 924 in the Strength display 920.
[0093] When the interface 900 is in the cardio mode, the "Cardio"
display 910 appears on the left portion of the interface 900 to
show various information about the user's current cardio
performance and total cardio performance. As suggested by the
labels associated with the "read-outs" 912, some of the total
performance data may be displayed in terms of an average, while
other such data may be displayed in terms of a total. The "Cardio"
display also includes a series of "Progress" indicators or dots 914
that extend up and around the display 900 and terminate at the top
of the left hand column in the "Sets" counter area 934.
[0094] When the interface 900 is in the strength mode, the
"Strength" display 920 appears on the left portion of the interface
900 to show various information about the user's current strength
performance and total strength performance. The labels associated
with the "read-outs" 922 suggest the type of information that may
be displayed. The "Strength" display also includes a series
"Progress" indicators or dots 924 that extend up and around the
display 900 and terminate at the top of the right hand column in
the "Sets" counter area 934.
[0095] The interface 900 is preferably programmed to switch the
left side portion between the "Cardio" display 910 and the
"Strength" display 920 whenever a switch is made between modes of
exercise. The switch may be performed in response to a control
signal from a program, and/or a user can manually switch between
the "Cardio" display 910 and the "Strength" display 920 by touching
or pressing the "Switch Screens" sensor 931 in the Control Panel.
Also, the switch may occur in response to sensor input that
indicates the user is performing work with his/her arms in excess
of a threshold amount of work, and/or is performing more than a
threshold percentage of total work with his/her arms.
[0096] The present invention may also be described in functional
terms along the following lines. On an exercise apparatus
comprising a frame designed to rest upon a floor surface; an arm
supporting member; and a leg supporting member, wherein at least
one of the supporting members is movably mounted on the frame, the
present invention may be described in terms of (a) means for
interconnecting the leg supporting member and the arm supporting
member in such a manner that the path traversed by the user's hand
is synchronized relative to the path traversed by the user's foot,
until a threshold amount of user force is applied against the arm
supporting member, in which case, the hand path may deviate from
its otherwise synchronized path relative to the foot path; and/or
(b) means for connecting the leg supporting member and the arm
supporting member in such a manner that the path traversed by the
user's hand is synchronized relative to the path traversed by the
user's foot and movable against a resistance force which is
measured and/or applied independent of the leg supporting member;
and/or (c) means for displaying the distribution of work between a
user's upper body and lower body.
[0097] The present invention also may be said to provide various
methods which may be implemented in various ways and/or described
with reference to various embodiments; including the foregoing
embodiments. One such method is to provide arm and leg supporting
members which are both synchronized and subject to independent
resistance. Another such method is to provide arm and leg
supporting members which are both encouraged to remain synchronized
and selectively movable relative to one another. Yet another method
is to move a person's hands and feet through respective paths which
are synchronized relative to one another, while allowing deviation
from the synchronized path in response to user applied force and/or
providing separate resistance to movement along the respective
paths. Yet another method is to measure and/or display work
performed separately by a person's upper body and lower body.
[0098] The present invention may also be described with reference
to the user interfaces shown in FIGS. 9-16. As previously noted,
these interfaces may be substituted for the interface 190 on the
elliptical exercise machine 100, and/or they may used on other
suitable exercise apparatus. Whereas the interface 190
distinguished between upper and lower body exercise, the interfaces
shown in FIGS. 9-16 distinguish between exercise performed during
one or modes of aerobic or cardio exercise, and exercise performed
during one or modes of anaerobic or strength exercise. The
particular mode of exercise may be determined manually by a user or
a user's activity, or automatically by a control program. Also,
each mode of exercise may be characterized simply by a change in
designation, or by a change in an exercise parameter, such as the
level of resistance or the relative amount of arm exercise. For
example, cardio exercise may be associated with resistance below a
threshold value, and strength exercise may be associated with
resistance above the threshold value.
[0099] The foregoing embodiments and associated methods are
representative but not exhaustive examples of the subject
invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments and/or their
respective features may be mixed and matched in a variety of ways
to arrive at other embodiments. For example, the control and/or
display options described with reference to a particular embodiment
are applicable to other embodiments, as well. Moreover, additional
and/or alternative sensors may be located elsewhere on the
equipment to measure force and/or compare upper body and lower
bodywork. For example, sensors may be placed in or near the hand
grips and/or in or near the foot supports. In conclusion,
recognizing that this disclosure will lead those skilled in the art
to recognize additional embodiments, modifications, and/or
applications which fall within the scope of the present invention,
the scope of the present invention is to be limited only to the
extent of the claims which follow.
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