U.S. patent application number 13/911714 was filed with the patent office on 2013-10-17 for n-acyl amino acid as corrosion protection.
The applicant listed for this patent is Henkel AG & Co. KGaA. Invention is credited to Pamela Kaftan, Burkhard Mueller.
Application Number | 20130273274 13/911714 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 45044588 |
Filed Date | 2013-10-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130273274 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Mueller; Burkhard ; et
al. |
October 17, 2013 |
N-ACYL AMINO ACID AS CORROSION PROTECTION
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method of using N-acylamino
acids or salts thereof to protect metal from corrosion, and to
containers that at least in portions enclose a cavity, where the
container comprises at least one metallic part and where a
composition that encompasses at least one N-acylamino acid and
water is arranged in the cavity.
Inventors: |
Mueller; Burkhard;
(Duesseldorf, DE) ; Kaftan; Pamela; (Hamburg,
DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Henkel AG & Co. KGaA |
Duesseldorf |
|
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
45044588 |
Appl. No.: |
13/911714 |
Filed: |
June 6, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
PCT/EP2011/070895 |
Nov 24, 2011 |
|
|
|
13911714 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
428/34.1 ;
422/7 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C09D 5/086 20130101;
C23F 11/145 20130101; A61K 2800/526 20130101; C23F 11/144 20130101;
B65D 7/42 20130101; Y10T 428/13 20150115; A61K 8/44 20130101; A61K
2800/87 20130101; A61Q 5/06 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
428/34.1 ;
422/7 |
International
Class: |
C23F 11/14 20060101
C23F011/14 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 10, 2010 |
DE |
10 2010 062 807.7 |
Claims
1. A method of protecting metal from corrosion comprising: using at
least one N-acylamino acid or salts thereof to protect the
metal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the N-acylamino acid is selected
from at least one compound of formula (I) ##STR00045## in which
R.sup.1 signifies a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated
hydrocarbon residue, R.sup.2 denotes a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1 to
C.sub.4) alkyl group, or a (C.sub.2 to C.sub.4) hydroxyalkyl group,
R.sup.3 denotes a hydrogen atom or a ##STR00046## group, where n=1
or 2, M signifies, mutually independently, a hydrogen atom or an
equivalent of a monovalent or polyvalent cation.
3. A product comprises: a product encompassing a container that at
least in portions surrounds a cavity, wherein the container
comprises at least one metallic part and wherein a composition that
encompasses at least one N-acylamino acid and water is arranged in
the cavity.
4. The product of claim 3, wherein the composition contains the
N-acylamino acid preferably in a quantity from 0.0001 to 5.0 wt %,
particularly preferably from 0.005 to 2.0 wt %, very particularly
preferably from 0.005 to 1.0 wt %, based in each case on the weight
of the composition.
5. The product of claim 3, wherein the composition is liquid at a
temperature from 10 to 40.degree. C. at 1013 mbar.
6. The product of claim 3, wherein the composition additionally
contains at least one cationic surfactant.
7. The product of claim 3, wherein the composition additionally
contains at least one cationic polymer.
8. The product of claim 3, wherein the container is an aerosol
container, and the composition additionally contains at least one
propellant.
9. The product of claim 3, wherein metallic parts of the container
have been coated with a paint.
10. The product of claim 9, wherein the paint is a powder paint.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention generally relates to the use of
N-acylamino acids or salts thereof to protect metal from corrosion,
and to products that encompass a metal-containing container in
which a composition encompassing at least one N-acylamino acid (or
salt thereof) and water is contained.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The spray or foam delivery form represents an important and
essential type of application aid for a variety of product types,
in particular for products to be used in the home and in cosmetics.
For example, cleaning foams, cleaning sprays, room scenting sprays,
deodorant sprays, hair sprays, or hair foams are known. If the
sprays or foams are to be delivered out of an aerosol container
that is under pressure, the compositions to be sprayed or foamed
are packaged predominantly in aerosol containers made of metal, for
example of aluminum.
[0003] Aerosol containers made of metal can be effectively filled
and sealed gas-tight in the production process. Directly after this
production process, these filled aerosol containers withstand the
applied internal gas pressure to an outstanding degree. It is only
after a certain storage period that sealing problems often occur,
usually caused by corrosion of the metal parts. Continuous contact
between a composition that is, for example, to be sprayed or foamed
and metal components of the container is favorable to corrosion.
Corrosion promotes, for example, pitting on walls of an aerosol
container, which often results in leakage of the aerosol container.
Gas and product emerge at the leak sites, decreasing the
functionality of the product as well as product safety. In
addition, corrosion can likewise impair the functionality of the
valve. For the consumer product sector, several years sometimes
lapse between manufacture of the product and use of the last
product residues. The customer must therefore be assured, inter
alia, that the product (encompassing the application system and the
composition to be applied) is not subject to any modification due
to corrosion, and will still function correctly even after such a
period.
[0004] There has been no lack of attempts in the past to solve this
problem. One possibility for protecting metal from corrosion is
offered by an internal coating of the metal wall with a paint. For
purposes of the invention (see DIN EN 927-1: 1996-10) a "paint" is
a liquid or pasty or powdered (optionally pigmented) coating
substance that, when applied onto a substrate, results in a
covering coating having protective, decorative, or other specific
technical properties. Liquid paints (i.e. wet paints) are usually
used to coat metal, in which context the paints themselves as well
as the paint layer resulting therefrom contain organic solvents.
For environmental reasons and for occupational safety reasons,
organic solvents should largely be avoided in paints. A "powder
paint" is understood for purposes of the invention (see DIN EN
971-1: 1996-09) as powdered, solvent-free coating substances that
yield a coating after melting and optionally, baking. Powder paints
are likewise suitable for coating aerosol containers. The coating
achieved using powder paint exhibits increased pore formation,
however, as a result of air inclusions. These pores in turn offer a
possibility for contact between the metal and the composition to be
sprayed or foamed, and promote corrosion.
[0005] In addition, microcracks in the internal coating of painted
aerosol containers are produced to a certain extent by the crimping
operation that is usual for sealing the containers. Corrosion again
preferentially forms at these microcracks in the internal
coating.
[0006] It has now been found, surprisingly, that the corrosion of
metal parts (in particular of storage or delivery receptacles
filled with corrosive liquids) can be considerably reduced or even
prevented by the use of at least one N-acylamino acid.
[0007] Furthermore, other desirable features and characteristics of
the present invention will become apparent from the subsequent
detailed description of the invention and the appended claims,
taken in conjunction with this background of the invention.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] In an embodiment, a method of protecting metal from
corrosion comprises: using at least one N-acylamino acid or salts
thereof to protect the metal.
[0009] In an embodiment, a product comprises: a product
encompassing a container that at least in portions surrounds a
cavity, wherein the container comprises at least one metallic part
and wherein a composition that encompasses at least one N-acylamino
acid and water is arranged in the cavity.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0010] The following detailed description of the invention is
merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the
invention or the application and uses of the invention.
Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any theory
presented in the preceding background of the invention or the
following detailed description of the invention.
[0011] Aqueous compositions containing N-acylamino acid are known,
for example from the cosmetics sector in the context of hair care,
from Hart, J. Roger; Levy, Edward F., Org. Chem. Div. W. R. Grace
and Co., Nashua, N.H., USA, Soap, Cosmetics, Chemical Specialties
(1977), 53(8), 31-34.
[0012] A first subject of the invention is the use of at least one
N-acylamino acid or salts thereof to protect metal from
corrosion.
[0013] "Corrosion" is understood for purposes of the invention as
the reaction of a metallic material with its surroundings, which
produces a measurable change in the material and can lead to an
impairment of the function of a metallic component or of an entire
system (see DIN 50900-1: 1982-04, -2: 1984-01 and -3: 1985-09).
[0014] Amino acids are carboxylic acids having one or more amino
groups. Depending on the molecular structure of the N-acylamino
acids according to the present invention, an acyl residue binds to
at least one of the amino groups of the amino acid that are
present.
[0015] When reference is made hereinafter to an "N-acylamino acid,"
the salt form thereof is likewise implied according to the present
invention.
[0016] It is preferred if the acyl residue of the N-acylamino acid
is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched (C.sub.8 to
C.sub.30) acyl residue. It is preferred in turn if the (C.sub.8 to
C.sub.30) acyl residue derives from capric acid, caprylic acid,
lauric acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic
acid, linolenic acid, fatty acid mixtures of coconut oil, fatty
acid mixtures of palm oil, fatty acid mixtures of tall oil, or
fatty acid mixtures of rape oil.
[0017] The fatty acid mixtures recited above are the respective
fatty acid cut of the glycerides of the correspondingly recited
oil.
[0018] The N-acylamino acids usable according to the present
invention are preferably N-acylated alpha-amino acids. These
N-acylated amino acids can be selected from among N-acylated
aliphatic amino acids (in particular N-acylated glycine, N-acylated
alanine, N-acylated valine, N-acylated leucine, N-acylated
isoleucine), N-acylated aromatic amino acids (in particular
N-acylated phenylalanine, N-acylated tyrosine, N-acylated
tryptophan), N-acylated acid amino acids (in particular
N-acylglutamic acid, N-acylsarcosine, or N-acylaspartic acid), as
well as N-acylated basic amino acids (in particular N-acylated
arginine, N-acylated lysine, N-acylated histidine). It is preferred
in turn to select the N-acylamino acids from at least one acid
amino acid. In the context of the embodiments recited above, the
aforementioned saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched
N--(C.sub.8 to C.sub.30) acyl residues are in turn respectively
preferred, especially those explicitly recited (see above).
[0019] Particularly preferable N-acylamino acids are selected from
at least one compound of formula (I)
##STR00001##
in which R.sup.1 signifies a linear or branched, saturated or
unsaturated hydrocarbon residue, R.sup.2 denotes a hydrogen atom, a
(C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group, or a (C.sub.2 to C.sub.4)
hydroxyalkyl group,
##STR00002##
R.sup.3 denotes a hydrogen atom or a group, where n=1 or 2, M
signifies, mutually independently, a hydrogen atom or an equivalent
of a monovalent or polyvalent cation.
[0020] Examples of (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl groups according to
the present invention are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl,
n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl.
[0021] Examples of (C.sub.2 to C.sub.4) hydroxyalkyl groups
according to the present invention are 2-hydroxyethyl,
3-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxybutyl.
[0022] The residues R.sup.1 of formula (I) preferably denote a
(C.sub.9 to C.sub.23) alkyl group, a (C.sub.9 to C.sub.23) alkenyl
group having up to four unsaturated double bonds, or a (C.sub.9 to
C.sub.23) hydroxyalkyl group, particularly preferably, mutually
independently, a residue selected from the list that is constituted
from nonyl, undecyl, tridecyl, pentadecyl, heptadecyl, nonadecyl,
henicosanyl, 15-methylhexadecyl, heptadec-8-enyl,
heptadeca-8,11-dienyl, nonadeca-4,7,10,13-tetraenyl, and
heptadeca-8,11,14-trienyl.
[0023] The residue R.sup.2 according to formula (I) preferably
denotes a residue selected from the group constituted from a
hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, and
2-hydroxyethyl. The aforesaid residue R.sup.2 particularly
preferably denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
[0024] For the case in which R.sup.3 denotes a hydrogen atom,
R.sup.2 preferably denotes a methyl group.
[0025] For the case in which R.sup.3 denotes a
##STR00003##
group, R.sup.2 preferably denotes a hydrogen atom.
[0026] If the compounds of formula (I) are present as an acid, the
residue M denotes a hydrogen atom. If the compounds of formula (I)
are present as a salt, M denotes an equivalent of a monovalent or
polyvalent cation. The monovalent or polyvalent cation M.sup.z+
respectively having a valency z of one or higher serves, merely for
reasons of electroneutrality, to compensate for the single negative
charge of the carboxylate fragment --COO.sup.(-) of formula (I)
that is present in the context of salt formation. The equivalent of
the corresponding cation that is to be used is equal to 1/z. In the
case of salt formation, the fragment --COOM of formula (I) denotes
the group:
--COO.sup.(-)1/z(M.sup.z+).
[0027] All physiologically acceptable cations are suitable in
principle as monovalent or polyvalent cations M. These are, in
particular, metal cations of the physiologically acceptable metals
from groups Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, Mb, VIa, or VIII of the periodic
table of the elements, ammonium ions, as well as cationic organic
compounds having a quaternized nitrogen atom. The latter are
formed, for example, by protonation of primary, secondary, or
tertiary organic amines with an acid, for example with compounds of
formula (I) in their acid form, or by permanent quaternization of
the said organic amines. Examples of these cationic organic
ammonium compounds are 2-ammonioethanol and
2-trimethylammonioethanol. M resp. M' in formula (I) preferably
denotes a hydrogen atom, an ammonium ion, an alkali metal ion, a
half-equivalent of an alkaline-earth metal ion, or a
half-equivalent of a zinc ion, particularly preferably a hydrogen
atom, an ammonium ion, a sodium ion, a potassium ion, 1/2-calcium
ion, 1/2-magnesium ion, or 1/2-zinc ion.
[0028] The compounds of formula (I) are preferably selected from at
least one compound of the group that is constituted from
N-lauroylsarcosine, N-myristoylsarcosine, N-palmitoylsarcosine,
N-oleylsarcosine, N-cocoylsarcosine (a mixture of compounds being
present in this case, and "cocoyl" corresponding to the composition
of the fatty acid cut of coconut oil), N-palm kernel sarcosine (a
mixture of compounds being present in this case, and "palm kernel"
corresponding to the composition of the fatty acid cut of palm
kernel oil), N-lauroyl glutamate, N-myristoyl glutamate,
N-palmitoyl glutamate, N-oleyl glutamate, N-cocoyl glutamate (a
mixture of compounds being present in this case, and "cocoyl"
corresponding to the composition of the fatty acid cut of coconut
oil), N-palm kernel glutamate (a mixture of compounds being present
in this case, and "palm kernel" corresponding to the composition of
the fatty acid cut of palm kernel oil), and from the salts (in
particular the sodium salts) of the compounds recited above.
[0029] The triglycerides of coconut oil exhibit the following fatty
acid composition:
TABLE-US-00001 45 to 51% lauric acid 16 to 19% tetradecanoic acid 8
to 10% oleic acid 9 to 11% palmitic acid 6 to 9% decanoic acid 5 to
8% octanoic acid.
[0030] The triglycerides of palm kernel oil exhibit the following
fatty acid composition:
TABLE-US-00002 47 to 52% lauric acid 16 to 19% tetradecanoic acid
10 to 18% oleic acid 6 to 9% palmitic acid 2 to 3% stearic acid 1
to 3% linoleic acid 2 to 5% decanoic acid 1 to 3% octanoic
acid.
[0031] The said N-acylamino acid is used in the context of a
preferred embodiment to decrease corrosion due to liquid
compositions. For this purpose the N-acylamino acid can be applied
as a coating onto the metal, or can be introduced into the liquid
composition. In the context of a particularly preferred embodiment
of the invention the N-acylamino acid or salt thereof is preferably
present dissolved in a medium that is liquid at a temperature from
10 to 40.degree. C. at 1013 millibar (mbar). The liquid medium is
preferably a water-containing liquid medium, in particular a
water-containing electrolyte solution. An "electrolyte" is
understood for purposes of the invention as a chemical compound
that is present dissociated into ions in a solution of the
corresponding water-containing liquid medium. Said electrolytes are
different from the said N-acylamino acids.
[0032] A second subject of the invention is a product encompassing
a container that at least in portions surrounds a cavity, where the
container comprises at least one metallic part and where a
composition that encompasses at least one N-acylamino acid and
water is arranged in the cavity.
[0033] N-Acylamino acids that are preferably usable are those of
the first subject of the invention.
[0034] The composition contains the N-acylamino acid preferably in
a quantity from 0.0001 to 5.0 wt %, particularly preferably from
0.005 to 2.0 wt %, very particularly preferably from 0.005 to 1.0
wt %, based in each case on the weight of the composition.
[0035] The composition contains preferably at least 20 wt % water,
particularly preferably at least 40 wt %, based in each case on the
weight of the composition.
[0036] The composition present in the cavity of the container is
preferably liquid at least at a temperature from 10 to 40.degree.
C. at 1013 mbar.
[0037] The composition present in the cavity of the container
preferably contains additional electrolytes besides the N-acylamino
acid. These can be organic and/or inorganic salts, for example
sodium chloride, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, or can
be polyelectrolytes such as, for example, ionic film-forming and/or
ionic setting polymers (in particular corresponding cationic
polymers, anionic polymers, or amphoteric polymers). The additional
electrolytes are of course different from the N-acylamino
acids.
[0038] The N-acylamino acids used according to the present
invention decrease to a particular extent, the corrosion potential
of compositions that encompass halogen-containing electrolytes, in
particular selected from chloride- and bromide-containing
electrolytes.
[0039] "Film-forming polymers" are to be understood as those
polymers that, upon drying, leave behind a continuous film on the
skin, hair, or nails. Film-formers of this kind can be used in a
very wide variety of cosmetic products such as, for example, face
masks, make-up, hair setting agents, hair sprays, hair gels, hair
waxes, hair therapies, shampoos, or nail polishes. Those polymers
that possess sufficient solubility in water, alcohol or in
water/alcohol mixtures to be present in completely dissolved form
in the agent according to the present invention are particularly
preferred. The film-forming polymers can be of synthetic or natural
origin.
[0040] "Film-forming polymers" are furthermore understood as those
polymers that, when applied in a 0.01- to 20-wt % aqueous,
alcoholic, or aqueous alcoholic solution, are capable of depositing
a transparent polymer film on the hair.
[0041] Setting polymers contribute to the hold, and/or to buildup
of the hair volume and hair fullness, of the overall hairstyle.
These polymers are at the same time also film-forming polymers and
are therefore generally typical substances for shape-imparting
hair-treatment agents such as hair setting agents, hair foams, hair
waxes, hair sprays. It is certainly possible for film formation to
be localized, and for only a few fibers to be connected to one
another.
[0042] The corrosion protection according to the present invention
is suitable in particular for those compositions that, besides
water, additionally contain at least one cationic surfactant and/or
at least one cationic polymer. A "polymer" is understood according
to the present invention as a substance having an average molar
mass (weight-average) greater than 10,000 grams per mol (g/mol)
that is constructed from at least one repeating structural unit and
is accessible by way of a natural or synthetic polyreaction (i.e.
reaction of a monomer or of a mixture of different monomers).
[0043] Cationic polymers comprise, for purposes of the invention,
at least one structural unit that contains at least one permanently
cationized nitrogen atom. "Permanently" cationized nitrogen atoms
are to be understood as those nitrogen atoms that carry a positive
charge and thereby form a quaternary ammonium compound. Quaternary
ammonium compounds are usually produced by the reaction of tertiary
amines with alkylating agents such as, for example, methyl
chloride, benzyl chloride, dimethyl sulfate, dodecyl bromide, but
also ethylene oxide. Depending on the tertiary amine used, the
following groups are known in particular: alkylammonium compounds,
alkenylammonium compounds, imidazolinium compounds, and pyridinium
compounds.
[0044] Compositions preferred for purposes of the invention contain
the cationic polymers in a quantity from 0.1 wt % to 20.0 wt %,
particularly preferably from 0.2 wt % to 10.0 wt %, based in each
case on the weight of the agent.
[0045] The cationic polymers are preferably selected from cationic
quaternized cellulose derivatives.
[0046] Those cationic quaternized celluloses that carry more than
one permanent cationic charge in a side chain have proven in
general to be advantageous. To be emphasized thereamong are, among
the cationic cellulose derivatives, those that are manufactured by
the reaction of hydroxyethyl cellulose with a
dimethyldiallylammonium reactant (in particular
dimethyldiallylammonium chloride), optionally in the presence of
further reactants. Particularly suitable in turn among these
cationic celluloses are those cationic celluloses having the INCI
name Polyquaternium-4, which are marketed e.g. under the names
Celquat.RTM. H 100, Celquat.RTM. L 200 by the National Starch
company.
[0047] Also preferably suitable are those cationic polymers that
encompass at least one structural unit of formula (I) and at least
one structural unit of formula (2) and optionally at least one
structural unit of formula (3)
##STR00004##
in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 denote, mutually independently, a
hydrogen atom or a methyl group, A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 denote,
mutually independently, an ethane-1,2-diyl, propane-1,3-diyl, or
butane-1,4-diyl group, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6
denote, mutually independently, a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group,
R.sup.7 denotes a (C.sub.8 to C.sub.30) alkyl group.
[0048] All possible physiologically acceptable anions, for example
chloride, bromide, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate,
tetrafluoroborate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen
phosphate, or p-toluenesulfonate, triflate, serve to compensate for
the positive charge of monomer (3).
[0049] It may be preferred if the cationic polymers additionally
encompass, besides the structural units of formula (I) and of
formula (2) and of formula (3), at least one structural unit of
formula (4):
##STR00005##
[0050] Suitable compounds are commercially obtainable, for example,
as [0051] copolymers of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate,
quaternized with diethyl sulfate, with vinylpyrrolidone, having the
INCI name Polyquaternium-11, under the designations Gafquat.RTM.
440, Gafquat.RTM. 734, Gafquat.RTM. 755 (each ISP company) and
Luviquat PQ 11 PN (BASF SE), [0052] copolymers of
methacryloylaminopropyllauryldimethylammonium chloride with
N-vinylpyrrolidone and dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, having
the INCI name Polyquaternium-55, under the commercial names
Styleze.RTM. W-10, Styleze.RTM. W 20 (ISP company), [0053]
copolymers of methacryloylaminopropyllauryldimethylammonium
chloride with N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactam, and
dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, having the INCI name
Polyquaternium-69, under the commercial name Aquastyle.RTM. 300
(ISP company).
[0054] Also included among cationic polymers preferably suitable
for purposes of the invention are those cationic copolymers that
contain at least one structural element of formula (M1)
##STR00006##
in which R'' denotes a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group, in
particular a methyl group, and additionally comprise at least one
further cationic and/or nonionic structural element.
[0055] All possible physiologically acceptable anions, for example
chloride, bromide, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate,
tetrafluoroborate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen
phosphate, or p-toluenesulfonate, triflate, serve to compensate for
the positive polymer charge.
[0056] It is preferred according to the present invention if the
agent according to the present invention contains as a cationic
polymer at least one copolymer that, besides at least one
structural element of formula (M1), additionally encompasses at
least one structural element of formula (I)
##STR00007##
in which
[0057] R'' denotes a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group, in
particular a methyl group.
[0058] All possible physiologically acceptable anions, for example
chloride, bromide, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate,
tetrafluoroborate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen
phosphate, or p-toluenesulfonate, triflate, serve to compensate for
the positive polymer charge of the copolymers.
[0059] Particularly preferred cationic polymers contains 10 to 30
mole percent (mol %), by preference 15 to 25 mol %, and in
particular 20 mol % structural units according to formula (M1) and
70 to 90 mol %, by preference 75 to 85 mol %, and in particular 80
mol % structural units according to formula (I).
[0060] It is particularly preferred in this context if the
copolymers contain, besides polymer units that result from
incorporation of the aforesaid structural units according to
formula (M1) and (1) into the copolymer, a maximum of 5 wt %, by
preference a maximum of 1 wt % polymer units that are based on the
incorporation of other monomers. By preference, the copolymers are
constructed exclusively, except for the terminus, from structural
units of formula (M1) where R''=methyl, and (1), and can be
described by the general formula (Poly1)
##STR00008##
where the indices m and p each vary depending on the molar mass of
the polymer and are not intended to signify that these are block
copolymers. Structural units of formula (M1) and of formula (I) can
instead be present in statistically distributed fashion in the
molecule.
[0061] If a chloride ion is used to compensate for the positive
charge of the polymer of formula (Poly1), these
N-methylvinylimidazole/vinylpyrrolidone copolymers are then
referred to according to INCI nomenclature as Polyquaternium-16 and
are obtainable e.g. from BASF under the commercial names
Luviquat.RTM. Style, Luviquat.RTM. FC 370, Luviquat.RTM. FC 550,
Luviquat.RTM. FC 905, and Luviquat.RTM. HM 552.
[0062] If a methosulfate is used to compensate for the positive
charge of the polymer of formula (Poly1), these
N-methylvinylimidazole/vinylpyrrolidone copolymers are then
referred to according to INCI nomenclature as Polyquaternium-44 and
are obtainable e.g. from BASF under the commercial names
Luviquat.RTM. UltraCare.
[0063] Particularly preferred agents according to the present
invention contain a copolymer, in particular of formula (Poly1),
that has molar masses within a specific range. Agents according to
the present invention in which the copolymer has a molar mass from
50 to 400 kilo Daltons (kDa), by preference from 100 to 300 kDa,
more preferably from 150 to 250 kDa, and in particular from 190 to
210 kDa, are preferred here.
[0064] In addition to or instead of the copolymer or copolymers,
the compositions according to the present invention can also
contain copolymers that, besides structural units of formulas
(M1-a) and (1), contain as additional structural units those of
formula (4)
##STR00009##
[0065] Further particularly preferred agents according to the
present invention are thus characterized in that they contain as a
cationic polymer at least one copolymer that contains at least one
structural unit in accordance with formula (M1-a) and at least one
structural unit in accordance with formula (I) and at least one
further structural unit in accordance with formula (4)
##STR00010##
[0066] Here as well, it is particularly preferred if the copolymers
contain, besides polymer units that result from the incorporation
of the aforesaid structural units according to formulas (M1-a),
(1), and (4) into the copolymer, a maximum of 5 wt %, by preference
a maximum of 1 wt %, polymer units that are based on the
incorporation of other monomers. The copolymers are by preference
constructed exclusively, except for the terminus, from structural
units of formulas (M1-a), (1), and (4), and can be described by the
general formula (Poly2)
##STR00011##
where the indices m, n and p each vary depending on the molar mass
of the polymer and are not intended to signify that these are block
copolymers. Structural units of the aforesaid formulas can instead
be present in statistically distributed fashion in the
molecule.
[0067] All possible physiologically acceptable anions, for example
chloride, bromide, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate,
tetrafluoroborate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen
phosphate, or p-toluenesulfonate, triflate, serve to compensate for
the positive polymer charge of the component.
[0068] If a methosulfate is used to compensate for the positive
charge of the polymer of formula (Poly2), these
N-methylvinylimidazole/vinylpyrrolidone/vinylcaprolactam copolymers
are then referred to according to INCI nomenclature as
Polyquaternium-46 and are obtainable e.g. from BASF under the
commercial name Luviquat.RTM. Hold.
[0069] Very particularly preferred copolymers contain 1 to 20 mol
%, by preference 5 to 15 mol %, and in particular 10 mol %
structural units according to formula (M-1a), and 30 to 50 mol %,
by preference 35 to 45 mol %, and in particular 40 mol % structural
units according to formula (I), and 40 to 60 mol %, by preference
45 to 55 mol %, and in particular 60 mol % structural units
according to formula (4).
[0070] Particularly preferred agents according to the present
invention contain a copolymer that has molar masses within a
specific range. Agents according to the present invention in which
the copolymer has a molar mass from 100 to 1000 kDa, by preference
from 250 to 900 kDa, more preferably from 500 to 850 kDa, and in
particular from 650 to 710 kDa, are preferred here.
[0071] The compositions according to the present invention can also
contain, as a cationic polymer, copolymers that comprise as
structural units structural units of formulas (M1-a) and (1), as
well as further structural units from the group of the
vinylimidazole units and further structural units from the group of
the acrylamide and/or methacrylamide units.
[0072] Further particularly preferred agents according to the
present invention are characterized in that they contain, as a
cationic polymer, at least one copolymer that contains at least one
structural unit according to formula (M-1a) and at least one
further structural unit according to formula (I) and at least one
further structural unit according to formula (5) and at least one
further structural unit according to formula (6)
##STR00012##
[0073] Here as well, it is particularly preferred if the copolymers
contain, besides polymer units that result from incorporation of
the aforesaid structural units according to formulas (M1-a), (1),
(5), and (6) into the copolymer, a maximum of 5 wt %, by preference
a maximum of 1 wt %, polymer units that are based on the
incorporation of other monomers. The copolymers are by preference
constructed exclusively, except for the terminus, from structural
units of formulas (M1-a), (1), (5), and (6) and can be described by
the general formula (Poly3)
##STR00013##
where the indices m, n, o and p each vary depending on the molar
mass of the polymer and are not intended to signify that these are
block copolymers. Structural units of formulas (M1-a), (1), (5),
and (6) can instead be present in statistically distributed fashion
in the molecule.
[0074] All possible physiologically acceptable anions, for example
chloride, bromide, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate,
tetrafluoroborate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen
phosphate, or p-toluenesulfonate, triflate, serve to compensate for
the positive polymer charge of the component.
[0075] If a methosulfate is used to compensate for the positive
charge of the polymer of formula (Poly3), these
N-methylvinylimidazole/vinylpyrrolidone/vinylimidazole/methacrylamide
copolymers are referred to according to INCI nomenclature as
Polyquaternium-68 and are obtainable e.g. from BASF under the
commercial name Luviquat.RTM. Supreme.
[0076] Very particularly preferred copolymers contain 1 to 12 mol
%, by preference 3 to 9 mol %, and in particular 6 mol % structural
units according to formula (M-1a), and 45 to 65 mol %, by
preference 50 to 60 mol %, and in particular 55 mol % structural
units according to formula (I), and 1 to 20 mol %, by preference 5
to 15 mol %, and in particular 10 mol % structural units according
to formula (5), and 20 to 40 mol %, by preference 25 to 35 mol %,
and in particular 29 mol % structural units according to formula
(6).
[0077] Particularly preferred agents according to the present
invention contain a copolymer that has molar masses within a
specific range. Agents according to the present invention in which
the copolymer has a molar mass from 100 to 500 kDa, by preference
from 150 to 400 kDa, more preferably from 250 to 350 kDa, and in
particular from 290 to 310 kDa, are preferred here.
[0078] Among the additional cationic polymers having at least one
structural element of the above formula (M1), those considered
preferred are: [0079]
vinylpyrrolidone/1-vinyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazolium chloride
copolymers (such as, for example, the one having the INCI name
Polyquaternium-16, under the commercial designations Luviquat.RTM.
Style, Luviquat.RTM. FC 370, Luviquat.RTM. FC 550, Luviquat.RTM. FC
905, and Luviquat.RTM. HM 552 (BASF SE)), [0080]
vinylpyrrolidone/1-vinyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazolium methyl sulfate
copolymers (such as, for example, the one having the INCI name
Polyquaternium-44, under the commercial designations Luviquat.RTM.
Care (BASF SE)), [0081]
vinylpyrrolidone/vinylcaprolactam/1-vinyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazolium
terpolymers (such as, for example, the one having the INCI name
Polyquaternium-46, under the commercial designations Luviquat.RTM.
Care or Luviquat.RTM. Hold (BASF SE)), [0082]
vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamide/vinylimidazole/1-vinyl-3-methyl-1H-imidaz-
olium methyl sulfate copolymers (such as, for example, the one
having the INCI name Polyquaternium-68, under the commercial
designations Luviquat.RTM. Supreme (BASF SE)), as well as mixtures
of said polymers.
[0083] All usual cationic surfactants known to one skilled in the
art can be used according to the present invention as cationic
surfactants. Cationic surfactants that are preferably suitable are
permanently cationic. Particularly preferred cationic surfactants
are selected from among: [0084] quaternary imidazoline compounds.
The formula Quimi-I depicted below shows the structure of these
compounds.
##STR00014##
[0084] The residues R denote, mutually independently in each case,
a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched hydrocarbon residue
having a change length from 8 to 30 carbon atoms. The preferred
compounds of formula I contain the same hydrocarbon residue for
each residue R. The chain length of the residues R is preferably 12
to 21 carbon atoms. Examples that are particularly in accordance
with the present invention are obtainable, for example, under the
INCI names Quaternium-27, Quaternium-72, Quaternium-83, and
Quaternium-91. [0085] cationic surfactants in accordance with
formula (Tkat-2),
[0085] RCO--X--N.sup.+R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3A.sup.- (Tkat-2).
R therein denotes a substituted or unsubstituted, branched or
straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl residue having 11 to 35 carbon
atoms in the chain, X denotes --O-- or --NR.sup.5--, R.sup.1
denotes an alkylene group, having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, which can be
substituted or unsubstituted; in the event of a substitution,
substitution with an --OH or --NH group is preferred, R.sup.2,
R.sup.3 each denote, mutually independently, an alkyl or
hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the chain, such
that the chain can be straight or branched. R.sup.5 denotes
hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 straight-chain or branched alkyl
or alkenyl residue, which can also be substituted with a hydroxy
group.
[0086] Within this structure class, the compounds having one of the
following structures are used in preferred fashion:
CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.20CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.3--N.sup.+(CH.sub.3).sub.2---
CH.sub.2CH.sub.3A.sup.- (Tkat-3)
CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.20CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.3--N.sup.+(CH.sub.3).sub.2---
CH.sub.2(CHOH)CH.sub.2OHA.sup.- (Tkat-4)
CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.20COOCH.sub.2CHOHCH.sub.2--N.sup.+(CH.sub.3).sub.-
3A.sup.- (Tkat-5)
CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.20CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.3--N.sup.+(CH.sub.3).sub.2---
CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OHA.sup.- (Tkat-6).
Examples of commercial products of this kind are Schercoquat BAS,
Lexiquat AMG-BEO, Akypoquat 131, or Incroquat Behenyl HE. [0087]
Esterquats in accordance with formula (Tkat1-2) can be used:
##STR00015##
[0088] The residues R1, R2, and R3 therein are each mutually
independent and can be the same or different. Residues R1, R2, and
R3 denote: [0089] a branched or unbranched alkyl residue having 1
to 4 carbon atoms, which can contain at least one hydroxyl group,
or [0090] a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched, or
cyclic unsaturated or unsaturated alkyl residue having 6 to 30
carbon atoms, which can contain at least one hydroxyl group, or
[0091] an aryl or alkaryl residue, for example phenyl or benzyl,
[0092] the residue (-A-R4), provided that at most two of the
residues R1, R2, or R3 can denote this residue: The residue -(A-R4)
is contained at least 1 to 3 times. In this, A denotes: [0093] 1)
--(CH.sub.2)n-, where n=1 to 20, by preference n=1 to 10, and
particularly preferably n=1 to 5, or [0094] 2)
--(CH.sub.2--CHR.sup.5--O)n-, where n=1 to 200, by preference 1 to
100, particularly preferably 1 to 50, and particularly preferably 1
to 20, where R5 has the meaning of hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, and
[0095] R4 denotes: [0096] 1) R6-O--CO--, in which R6 is a saturated
or unsaturated, branched or unbranched, or cyclic saturated or
unsaturated alkyl residue having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, which can
contain at least one hydroxy group, and which optionally can be
further oxyethylated with 1 to 100 ethylene oxide units and/or 1 to
100 propylene oxide units, or [0097] 2) R7-CO--, in which R7 is a
saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched, or cyclic
saturated or unsaturated alkyl residue having 6 to 30 carbon atoms,
which can contain at least one hydroxy group, and which optionally
can be further oxyethylated with 1 to 100 ethylene oxide units
and/or 1 to 100 propylene oxide units, and [0098] Q denotes a
physiologically acceptable organic or inorganic anion. [0099] Such
products are marketed, for example, under the trademarks
Rewoquat.RTM., Stepantex.RTM., Dehyquart.RTM., and Armocare.RTM..
Examples of such esterquats are the products Armocare.RTM. VGH-70
--an N,N-bis(2-palmitoyloxyethyl)dimethylammonium chloride--as well
as Dehyquart.RTM. F-75, Dehyquart.RTM. C.-4046, Dehyquart.RTM.
L-80, Dehyquart.RTM. F-30, Dehyquart.RTM. AU-35, Rewoquat.RTM.
WE18, Rewoquat.RTM. WE38 DPG, and Stepantex.RTM. VS 90. Further
compounds of formula (Tkat1-2) that are particularly preferred
according to the present invention belong to formula (Tkat1-2.1),
the cationic betaine esters:
##STR00016##
[0100] The meaning of R8 corresponds to that of R7. [0101]
Monoalkyltrimethylammonium salts having an alkyl residue chain
length from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, corresponding to formula
(Tkat1-1)
##STR00017##
[0101] in which R1, R2, and R3 each denote a methyl group and R4
denotes a saturated, branched, or unbranched alkyl residue having a
chain length from 12 to 24 carbon atoms and A.sup.- signifies an
anion.
[0102] Examples of compounds of formula (Tkat1-1) are
cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide,
cetyltrimethylammonium methosulfate, stearyltrimethylammonium
chloride, behenyltrimethylammonium chloride,
behenyltrimethylammonium bromide, and benehyltrimethylammonium
methosulfate.
[0103] quaternized amidoamines having the following structural
formula:
R.sup.1--N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n--N.sup.+R.sup.2R.sup.3R.sup.4
(Tkat7)
in which, R.sup.1 denotes an acyl or alkyl residue having 6 to 30
carbon atoms, which can be branched or unbranched, saturated or
unsaturated, and such that the acyl residue and/or alkyl residue
can contain at least one OH group, and R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and
R.sup.4 each denote, mutually independently, hydrogen or an alkyl
residue having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, which can be the same or
different, saturated or unsaturated X.sup.- signifies an anion, and
n signifies a whole number between 1 and 10. Amidoamines that are
quaternized and are suitable for use according to the present
invention are Rewoquat.RTM. RTM 50 (Witco Surfactants GmbH, INCI
name: Ricinoleamidopropyltrimonium Methosulfate), Empigen.RTM. CSC
(Albright & Wilson, INCI name: Cocamidopropyltrimonium
Chloride), Swanol.RTM. Lanoquat DES-50 (Nikko, INCI name:
Quaternium-33), Rewoquat.RTM. UTM 50 (Witco Surfactants GmbH,
Undecyleneamidopropyltrimonium Methosulfate).
[0104] cationic surfactants of formula (Tkat-8)
##STR00018##
in which x and y mutually independently denote a whole number
greater than 0, R denotes a (C.sub.8 to C.sub.20) alkyl group or a
(C.sub.8 to C.sub.20) alkenyl group, R.sup.1 denotes a
*--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.zH group in which z signifies a whole
number greater than 0, a (C.sub.8 to C.sub.20) alkyl group, or a
(C.sub.8 to C.sub.20) alkenyl group, X.sup.- denotes an anion. It
is preferred according to the present invention if R' according to
formula (Tkat-8) denotes a *-(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.zH group in
which z signifies a whole number greater than 0. A preferred
cationic surfactant of formula (Tkat-8) is the
tris(oligooxyethyl)alkylammonium dihydrogen phosphate salt, having
a molecular weight of 780 g/mol, that has the INCI name
Quaternium-52 and is marketed, for example, under the commercial
name Dehyquart.RTM. SP by the Cognis company.
[0105] The anion of all the cationic compounds described above is
selected from the physiologically acceptable anions. Examples
thereof that may be recited are, for example, the halide ions,
fluoride, chloride, bromide, sulfate of the general formula
RSO.sub.3.sup.- in which R has the meaning of a saturated or
unsaturated alkyl residues having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or anionic
residues of organic acids such as maleate, fumarate, oxalate,
tartrate, citrate, lactate, or acetate.
[0106] It is very particularly preferred if the composition
according to the present invention contains at least one mono
alkyltrimethylammonium salt of formula (Tkat1-1)
##STR00019##
in which R1, R2, and R3 each denote a methyl group and R4 denotes a
saturated, branched or unbranched alkyl residue having a chain
length from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, and A.sup.- signifies an anion,
in particular chloride or bromide.
[0107] Very particularly preferred compounds of formula (Tkat1-1)
are selected from among cetyltrimethylammonium chloride,
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetyltrimethylammonium
methosulfate, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride,
behenyltrimethylammonium chloride, behenyltrimethylammonium
bromide, benehyltrimethylammonium methosulfate.
[0108] The cationic surfactants recited above can be used
individually or in any combination with one another.
[0109] The utilization quantities of the cationic surfactants are
preferably between 0.01 and 20 wt %; quantities from 0.01 to 10 wt
% are particularly preferably contained, and quantities from 0.1 to
7.5 wt % are very particularly preferably contained. The best
results of all are obtained with quantities from 0.1 to 5 wt %. All
quantities are based respectively on the weight of the total
composition.
[0110] The compositions can additionally contain at least one
monoalcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as e.g. ethanol,
isopropanol.
[0111] It is thus possible to use at least one (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4)
monoalkyl alcohol in the agents according to the present invention,
in particular in a quantity from 1 to 50 wt %, in particular from 5
to 30 wt %. This can in turn be preferred in particular for
packaging as an aerosol foam.
[0112] At least one organic solvent having a boiling point below
400.degree. C., or at least one mixture of the said solvents, can
be contained as additional co-solvents (once again preferably in a
quantity from 0.1 to 15 weight percent, particularly preferably
from 1 to 10 weight percent based on the total composition).
[0113] Particularly preferred water-soluble solvents are glycerol,
ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol,
polypropylene glycol (once again preferably in a quantity of up to
15 wt % based on the total composition).
[0114] The addition in particular of glycerol and/or propylene
glycol and/or polyethylene glycol and/or polypropylene glycol
additionally increases the flexibility of the polymer film formed
when the composition according to the present invention is used. If
a particularly flexible hold is desired, the compositions according
to the present invention therefore contain by preference 0.01 to 15
wt % glycerol and/or propylene glycol and/or polyethylene glycol
and/or polypropylene glycol, based on the total composition.
[0115] The compositions preferably have a pH from 2 to 11.
Particularly preferably, the pH range is between 2 and 7, very
particularly preferably between 4 and 6. The indications as to pH
refer here, for purposes of this document, to the pH at 25.degree.
C. unless otherwise noted.
[0116] The compositions according to the present invention can
furthermore contain the adjuvants and additives that are usually
added to conventional styling agents.
[0117] Additional care-providing substances may be recited in
particular as suitable adjuvants and additives.
[0118] A silicone oil and/or a silicone gum can be used, for
example, as a care-providing substance.
[0119] Silicone oils or silicone gums that are suitable according
to the present invention are, in particular, dialkyl- and
alkylarylsiloxanes, for example dimethylpolysiloxane and
methylphenylsiloxane, as well as alkoxylated, quaternized, or also
anionic derivatives thereof. Cyclic and linear
polydialkylsiloxanes, alkoxylated and/or aminated derivatives
thereof, dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxanes, and
polyphenylalkylsiloxanes are preferred.
[0120] Silicone oils produce a very wide variety of effects. For
example, they simultaneously influence dry and wet combability, the
feel of dry and wet hair, and shine. One skilled in the art
understands the term "silicone oils" to mean several structures of
organosilicon compounds. They are understood firstly as the
dimethiconols.
[0121] The following commercial products are recited as examples of
such products: Botanisil NU-150M (Botanigenics), Dow Corning 1-1254
Fluid, Dow Corning 2-9023 Fluid, Dow Corning 2-9026 Fluid,
Ultrapure Dimethiconol (Ultra Chemical), Unisil SF-R (Universal
Preserve), X-21-5619 (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co.), Abil OSW 5 (Degussa
Care Specialties), ACC DL-9430 Emulsion (Taylor Chemical Company),
AEC Dimethiconol & Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate (A & E
Connock (Perfumery & Cosmetics) Ltd.), B C Dimethiconol
Emulsion 95 (Basildon Chemical Company, Ltd.), Cosmetic Fluid 1401,
Cosmetic Fluid 1403, Cosmetic Fluid 1501, Cosmetic Fluid 1401DC
(all the aforesaid Chemsil Silicones, Inc.), Dow Corning 1401
Fluid, Dow Corning 1403 Fluid, Dow Corning 1501 Fluid, Dow Corning
1784 HVF Emulsion, Dow Corning 9546 Silicone Elastomer Blend (all
the aforesaid Dow Corning Corporation), Dub Gel S11400 (Stearinerie
Dubois FiIs), HVM 4852 Emulsion (Crompton Corporation), Jeesile
6056 (Jeen International Corporation), Lubrasil, Lubrasil DS (both
Guardian Laboratories), Nonychosine E, Nonychosine V (both
Exsymol), SanSurf Petrolatum-25, Satin Finish (both Collaborative
Laboratories, Inc.), Silatex-D30 (Cosmetic Ingredient Resources),
Silsoft 148, Silsoft E-50, Silsoft E-623 (all the aforesaid
Crompton Corporation), SM555, SM2725, SM2765, SM2785 (all the
aforesaid GE Silicones), Taylor T-SiI CD-1, Taylor TME-4050E (all
Taylor Chemical Company), TH V 148 (Crompton Corporation), Tixogel
CYD-1429 (Sud-Chemie Performance Additives), Wacker-Belsil CM 1000,
Wacker-Belsil CM 3092, Wacker-Belsil CM 5040, Wacker-Belsil DM
3096, Wacker-Belsil DM 3112 VP, Wacker-Belsil DM 8005 VP,
Wacker-Belsil DM 60081 VP (all the aforesaid Wacker-Chemie
GmbH).
[0122] Dimethicones constitute the second group of silicones that
can be contained according to the present invention. They can be
both linear and branched, and also cyclic or cyclic and
branched.
[0123] Dimethicone copolyols constitute a further group of
silicones that are suitable. Corresponding dimethicone copolyols
are commercially obtainable and are marketed, for example, by the
Dow Corning company under the designation Dow Corning.RTM. 5330
Fluid.
[0124] The teaching of the present invention also, of course,
encompasses the fact that the dimethiconols, dimethicones, and/or
dimethicone copolymers can already be present as an emulsion. The
corresponding emulsion of the dimethiconols, dimethicones, and/or
dimethicone copolyols can be manufactured both after manufacture of
the corresponding dimethiconols, dimethicones, and/or dimethicone
copolyols, from them and using usual emulsification methods known
to one skilled in the art. For this purpose both cationic, anionic,
nonionic, or zwitterionic surfactants and emulsifiers can be used,
as auxiliaries, as adjuvants for manufacture of the corresponding
emulsions. The emulsions of the dimethiconols, dimethicones, and/or
dimethicone copolyols can of course also be manufactured directly
by way of an emulsion polymerization method. Such methods, too, are
very familiar to one skilled in the art.
[0125] If the dimethiconols, dimethicones, and/or dimethicone
copolyols are used as an emulsion, the droplet size of the
emulsified particles is then, according to the present invention,
equal to 0.01 to 10,000 .mu.m, preferably 0.01 to 100 .mu.m,
particularly preferably 0.01 to 20 .mu.m, and very particularly
preferably 0.01 to 10 .mu.m. The particle size is determined using
the light-scattering method.
[0126] If branched dimethiconols, dimethicones, and/or dimethicone
copolyols are used, this is to be understood to mean that the
branching is greater than a random branching that occurs randomly
as a result of impurities in the respective monomers. "Branched"
dimethiconols, dimethicones, and/or dimethicone copolyols are
therefore to be understood, for purposes of the present invention,
to mean that the degree of branching is greater than 0.01%. A
degree of branching greater than 0.1% is preferred, and very
particularly preferably it is greater than 0.5%. The degree of
branching is determined from the ratio of unbranched monomers to
the branching monomers, i.e. to the quantity of tri- and
tetrafunctional siloxanes. Both low-branching and high-branching
dimethiconols, dimethicones, and/or dimethicone copolyols can be
very particularly preferred according to the present invention.
[0127] Particularly preferred silicones are aminofunctional
silicones, in particular the silicones grouped under the INCI name
Amodimethicone. It is therefore preferred according to the present
invention if the agents according to the present invention
additionally contain at least one aminofunctional silicone. These
are to be understood as silicones that comprise at least one
optionally substituted amino group. These silicones are referred to
according to the INCI declaration as Amodimethicone, and are
obtainable, for example, in the form of an emulsion as a commercial
product Dow Corning.RTM. 939, or as a commercial product Dow
Corning.RTM. 949, mixed with a cationic and a nonionic
surfactant.
[0128] Those aminofunctional silicones that have an amine number
above 0.25 meq/g, by preference above 0.3 meq/g, and particularly
preferably above 0.4 meq/g are used by preference. The amine number
here denotes the milliequivalent of amine per gram of the
aminofunctional silicone; it can be ascertained by titration, and
can also be indicated with the "mg KOH/g" unit.
[0129] The compositions contain the silicones preferably in
quantities from 0.01 wt % to 15 wt %, particularly preferably from
0.05 to 2 wt %, based on the total composition.
[0130] The agent can contain as a care-providing substance of a
different compound class, for example, at least one protein
hydrolysate and/or one of its derivatives.
[0131] Protein hydrolysates are product mixtures obtained by the
acid-, base-, or enzyme-catalyzed breakdown of proteins. The term
"protein hydrolyzates" is also understood according to the present
invention to mean total hydrolysates as well as individual amino
acids and derivatives thereof, as well as mixtures of different
amino acids. The molecular weight of the protein hydrolysates
usable according to the present invention is between 75 (the
molecular weight of glycine) and 200,000; the molecular weight is
equal to preferably 75 to 50,000 dalton, and very particularly
preferably to 75 to 20,000 dalton.
[0132] According to the present invention, protein hydrolysates of
both vegetable and animal origin, or of marine or synthetic origin,
can be used.
[0133] The protein hydrolysates are contained in the agents
according to the present invention, for example, in concentrations
from 0.01 wt % to 20 wt %, by preference from 0.05 wt % to 15 wt %,
and very particularly preferably in quantities from 0.05 wt % to 5
wt %, based in each case on the total application preparation.
[0134] The composition according to the present invention can
further contain at least one vitamin, provitamin, vitamin
precursor, and/or one of their derivatives as a care-providing
substance.
[0135] Those vitamins, provitamins, and vitamin precursors that are
usually assigned to groups A, B, C, E, F, and H are preferred
according to the present invention.
[0136] The compositions according to the present invention
preferably contain vitamins, provitamins, and vitamin precursors
from groups A, B, C, E and H. Panthenol, pantolactone, pyridoxine
and derivatives thereof, as well as nicotinic acid amide and
biotin, are particularly preferred.
[0137] D-panthenol is very particularly preferably used as a
care-providing substance, optionally in combination with at least
one of the silicone derivatives recited above.
[0138] The addition of panthenol increases the flexibility of the
polymer film formed upon application of the composition. If a
particularly flexible hold is desired, the agents according to the
present invention can thus contain panthenol. In a preferred
embodiment the compositions contain panthenol, by preference in a
quantity from 0.05 to 10 wt %, particularly preferably 0.1 to 5 wt
%, based in each case on the total composition.
[0139] The compositions can further contain at least one plant
extract as a care-providing substance.
[0140] These extracts are usually produced by extraction of the
entire plant. In individual cases, however, it may also be
preferred to produce the extracts exclusively from blossoms and/or
from leaves of the plant.
[0141] According to the present invention the extracts from green
tea, oak bark, nettle, hamamelis, hops, henna, chamomile, burdock
root, horsetail, hawthorn, linden blossoms, almond, aloe vera, pine
needles, horse chestnut, sandalwood, juniper, coconut, mango,
apricot, lemon, wheat, kiwi fruit, melon, orange, grapefruit,
salvia, rosemary, birch, mallow, lady's-smock, wild thyme, yarrow,
thyme, lemon balm, restharrow, coltsfoot, hibiscus, meristem,
ginseng, and ginger root are especially preferred.
[0142] It may furthermore be preferred to use mixtures of several,
in particular from two, different plant extracts in the agents
according to the present invention.
[0143] Mono- or oligosaccharides can also be used as a
care-providing substance in the agents according to the present
invention.
[0144] Both monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, for example raw
sugar, milk sugar, and raffinose, can be used. The use of
monosaccharides is preferred according to the present invention.
Among the monosaccharides, those compounds that contain 5 or 6
carbon atoms are in turn preferred.
[0145] Suitable pentoses and hexoses are, for example, ribose,
arabinose, xylose, lyxose, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose,
gulose, idose, galactose, talose, fucose and fructose. Arabinose,
glucose, galactose and fructose are carbohydrates that are
preferably used; it is very particularly preferred to use glucose,
which is suitable both in the D-(+) or L-(-) configuration or as a
racemate.
[0146] The mono- or oligosaccharides are contained in the agents
according to the present invention preferably in a quantity from
0.1 to 8 wt %, particularly preferably 1 to 5 wt %, based on the
total application preparation.
[0147] The agent can furthermore contain at least one lipid as a
care-providing substance.
[0148] Lipids suitable according to the present invention are
phospholipids, for example soy lecithin, egg lecithin, and
kephalins, as well as the substances known by the INCI names
Linoleamidopropyl PG-Dimonium Chloride Phosphate, Cocamidopropyl
PG-Dimonium Chloride Phosphate, and Stearamidopropyl PG-Dimonium
Chloride Phosphate. These are marketed, for example, by the Mona
company under the commercial designations Phospholipid EFA.RTM.,
Phospholipid PTC.RTM., and Phospholipid SV.RTM.. The compositions
contain the lipids preferably in quantities from 0.01 to 10 wt %,
in particular 0.1 to 5 wt %, based on the total application
preparation.
[0149] Oily substances are furthermore suitable as a care-providing
substance.
[0150] Included among the natural and synthetic cosmetic oily
substances are, for example: [0151] Vegetable oils. Examples of
such oils are sunflower oil, olive oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil,
almond oil, jojoba oil, orange oil, wheat germ oil, peach-kernel
oil, and the liquid components of coconut oil. Also suitable,
however, are other triglyceride oils such as the liquid components
of beef tallow, as well as synthetic triglyceride oils. [0152]
Liquid paraffin oils, isoparaffin oils, and synthetic hydrocarbons,
as well as di-n-alkyl ethers having a total of between 12 and 36
carbon atoms, in particular 12 to 24 carbon atoms, for example
di-n-octyl ether, di-n-decyl ether, di-n-nonyl ether, di-n-undecyl
ether, di-n-dodecyl ether, n-hexyl-n-octyl ether, n-octyl-n-decyl
ether, n-decyl-n-undecyl ether, n-undecyl-n-dodecyl ether, and
n-hexyl-n-undecyl ether, as well as di-tert-butyl ether,
diisopentyl ether, di-3-ethyldecyl ether, tert-butyl-n-octyl ether,
isopentyl-n-octyl ether, and 2-methylpentyl-n-octyl ether. The
compounds 1,3-di-(2-ethylhexyl)cyclohexane (Cetiol.RTM. S) and
di-n-octyl ether (Cetiol.RTM. OE), available as commercial
products, may be preferred. [0153] Ester oils. "Ester oils" are to
be understood as the esters of C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 fatty acids with
C.sub.2 to C.sub.30 fatty alcohols. The monoesters of the fatty
acids with alcohols having 2 to 24 carbon atoms are preferred.
Particularly preferred according to the present invention are
isopropyl myristate (Rilanit.RTM. IPM), isononanoic acid C16-18
alkyl ester (Cetiol.RTM. SN), 2-ethylhexyl palmitate (Cegesoft.RTM.
24), stearic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (Cetiol.RTM. 868), cetyl
oleate, glycerol tricaprylate, coconut fatty alcohol
caprinate/caprylate (Cetiol.RTM. LC), n-butyl stearate, oleyl
erucate (Cetiol.RTM. J 600), isopropyl palmitate (Rilanit.RTM.
IPP), oleyl oleate (Cetiol.RTM.), lauric acid hexyl ester
(Cetiol.RTM. A), di-n-butyl adipate (Cetiol.RTM. B), myristyl
myristate (Cetiol.RTM. MM), cetearyl isononanoate (Cetiol.RTM. SN),
oleic acid decyl ester (Cetiol.RTM. V). [0154] Dicarboxylic acid
esters such as di-n-butyl adipate, di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate,
di-(2-ethylhexyl) succinate, and diisotridecyl acelaate, as well as
diol esters such as ethylene glycol dioleate, ethylene glycol
diisotridecanoate, propylene glycol di-(2-ethylhexanoate),
propylene glycol diisostearate, propylene glycol dipelargonate,
butanediol diisostearate, neopentyl glycol dicaprylate. [0155]
Symmetrical, asymmetrical, or cyclic esters of carbonic acid with
fatty alcohols, described for example in German application 197 56
454, glycerol carbonate, or dicaprylyl carbonate (Cetiol.RTM. CC).
[0156] Fatty acid triesters of saturated and/or unsaturated linear
and/or branched fatty acids with glycerol. [0157] Fatty acid
partial glycerides, which are to be understood as monoglycerides,
diglycerides, and industrial mixtures thereof. When industrial
products are used, small quantities of triglycerides may still be
present for manufacturing-related reasons. The partial glycerides
preferably conform to formula (D4-I):
##STR00020##
[0157] in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, mutually
independently, denote hydrogen or a linear or branched, saturated
and/or unsaturated acyl residue having 6 to 22, by preference 12 to
18, carbon atoms, with the provision that at least one of these
groups denotes an acyl residue and at least one of these groups
denotes hydrogen. The sum (m+n+q) denotes 0 or numbers from 1 to
100, preferably 0 or 5 to 25. Preferably R.sup.1 denotes an acyl
residue and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 denote hydrogen, and the sum
(m+n+q) is 0. Typical examples are mono- and/or diglycerides based
on hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, decanoic
acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic
acid, palmoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid,
elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid,
elaeostearic acid, arachidic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid and
erucic acid, as well as industrial mixtures thereof. Oleic acid
monoglycerides are preferably used.
[0158] The quantity of the natural and synthetic cosmetic oily
substances used in the agents according to the present invention is
usually equal to 0.1 to 30 wt % based on the total application
preparation, preferably 0.1 to 20 wt %, and in particular 0.1 to 15
wt %.
[0159] Although each of the aforesaid care-providing substances
already yields a satisfactory result of itself, all embodiments in
which the agent contains multiple care-providing substances,
including from different groups, are also encompassed within the
scope of the present invention.
[0160] The addition of a UV filter allows both the compositions
themselves, and the treated fibers, to be protected from damaging
influences of UV radiation. At least one UV filter is therefore
preferably added to the agent. The suitable UV filters are not
subject to any general restrictions in terms of their structure and
their physical properties. Instead, all UV filters usable in the
cosmetics sector, whose absorption maximum lies in the UVA (315 to
400 nanometers (nm)) UVB (280 to 315 nm), or UVC (<280 nm)
regions, are suitable. UV filters having an absorption maximum in
the UVB region, in particular in the region from approximately 280
to approximately 300 nm, are particularly preferred. The UV filters
preferred according to the present invention can be selected, for
example, from substituted benzophenones, p-aminobenzoic acid
esters, diphenylacrylic acid esters, cinnamic acid esters,
salicylic acid esters, benzimidazoles, and o-aminobenzoic acid
esters.
[0161] The UV filters are contained usually in quantities from 0.01
to 5 wt %, based on the total application preparation. Quantities
from 0.1 to 2.5 wt % are preferred.
[0162] In a particular embodiment, the composition according to the
present invention furthermore contains one or more substantive
dyes. This allows the keratinic fibers treated upon application of
the agent to be not only temporarily structured, but at the same
time also dyed. This can be desirable in particular when what is
desired is only a temporary coloration, for example with
conspicuous "fashion" colors, which can be removed again from the
keratinic fibers simply by washing.
[0163] Substantive dyes are usually nitrophenylenediamines,
nitroaminophenols, cationic azo dyes, nonionic azo dyes,
anthraquinones, or indophenols. The compositions according to this
embodiment contain the substantive dyes preferably in a quantity
from 0.001 to 20 wt %, based on the total composition.
[0164] It is preferred according to the present invention that the
compositions be free of oxidation dye precursor products. Oxidation
dye precursor products are divided into so-called developer
components and coupler components. The developer components form
the actual dyes under the influence of oxidizing agents or
atmospheric oxygen, with one another or by coupling with one or
more coupler components.
[0165] Compositions that contain water, at least one N-acylamino
acid, and at least one ionic film-forming and/or ionic setting
polymer are particularly preferably suitable for storage in said
containers.
[0166] The following compositions (A) to (K) are particularly
preferably suitable for storage in said containers:
[0167] (A):
A composition encompassing at least one N-acylamino acid, at least
one cationic surfactant, at least one cationic polymer, and
water.
[0168] (B):
A composition encompassing at least one N-acylamino acid selected
from at least one compound of formula (I)
##STR00021##
in which [0169] R.sup.1 signifies a linear or branched, saturated
or unsaturated hydrocarbon residue, [0170] R.sup.2 denotes a
hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group, or a (C.sub.1 to
C.sub.4) hydroxyalkyl group, [0171] R.sup.3 denotes a hydrogen atom
or a
##STR00022##
[0171] group, where n=1 or 2, [0172] M signifies, mutually
independently, a hydrogen atom or an equivalent of a monovalent or
polyvalent cation, at least one cationic surfactant, at least one
cationic polymer, and water.
[0173] (C):
A composition encompassing at least one N-acylamino acid selected
from at least one compound of formula (I)
##STR00023##
in which [0174] R.sup.1 signifies a linear or branched, saturated
or unsaturated, hydrocarbon residue, [0175] R.sup.2 denotes a
hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group, or a (C.sub.1 to
C.sub.4) hydroxyalkyl group, [0176] R.sup.3 denotes a hydrogen atom
or a
##STR00024##
[0176] group, where n=1 or 2, [0177] M signifies, mutually
independently, a hydrogen atom or an equivalent of a monovalent or
polyvalent cation, at least one cationic surfactant of a
monoalkyltrimethylammonium salt of formula (Tkat1-1),
##STR00025##
[0177] in which R1, R2, and R3 each denote a methyl group and R4
denotes a saturated, branched or unbranched alkyl residue having a
chain length from 16 to 24 carbon atoms and A- signifies an anion,
at least one cationic polymer, and water.
[0178] (D):
A composition encompassing water, at least one N-acylamino acid
selected from at least one compound of formula (I)
##STR00026##
in which [0179] R.sup.1 signifies a linear or branched, saturated
or unsaturated hydrocarbon residue, [0180] R.sup.2 denotes a
hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group, or a (C.sub.1 to
C.sub.4) hydroxyalkyl group,
[0180] ##STR00027## [0181] R.sup.3 denotes a hydrogen atom or a
group, where n=1 or 2, [0182] M signifies, mutually independently,
a hydrogen atom or an equivalent of a monovalent or polyvalent
cation, at least one cationic surfactant of a
monoalkyltrimethylammonium salt of formula (Tkat1-1),
##STR00028##
[0182] in which R1, R2, and R3 each denote a methyl group and R4
denotes a saturated, branched or unbranched alkyl residue having a
chain length from 16 to 24 carbon atoms and A- signifies an anion,
at least one cationic polymer selected from among cationic
quaternized cellulose derivatives.
[0183] (E):
A composition encompassing water, at least one N-acylamino acid
selected from at least one compound of formula (I)
##STR00029##
in which [0184] R.sup.1 signifies a linear or branched, saturated
or unsaturated hydrocarbon residue, [0185] R.sup.2 denotes a
hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group, or a (C.sub.1 to
C.sub.4) hydroxyalkyl group,
[0185] ##STR00030## [0186] R.sup.3 denotes a hydrogen atom or a
group, where n=1 or 2, [0187] M signifies, mutually independently,
a hydrogen atom or an equivalent of a monovalent or polyvalent
cation, at least one cationic surfactant of a
monoalkyltrimethylammonium salt of formula (Tkat1-1),
##STR00031##
[0187] in which R1, R2, and R3 each denote a methyl group and R4
denotes a saturated, branched or unbranched alkyl residue having a
chain length from 16 to 24 carbon atoms and A- signifies an anion,
at least one cationic polymer that encompasses at least one
structural unit of formula (I) and at least one structural unit of
formula (2) and optionally at least one structural unit of formula
(3)
##STR00032##
in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 denote, mutually independently, a
hydrogen atom or a methyl group, A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 denote,
mutually independently, an ethane-1,2-diyl, propane-1,3-diyl, or
butane-1,4-diyl group, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6
denote, mutually independently, a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group,
R.sup.7 denotes a (C.sub.8 to C.sub.30) alkyl group.
[0188] (F):
A composition encompassing 0.0001 to 5.0 wt % of at least one
N-acylamino acid, from 0.1 to 7.5 wt % of at least one cationic
surfactant, from 0.1 wt % to 20.0 wt % of at least one cationic
polymer, and water.
[0189] (G):
A composition encompassing water, 0.0001 to 5.0 wt % of at least
one N-acylamino acid selected from at least one compound of formula
(I)
##STR00033##
in which [0190] R.sup.1 signifies a linear or branched, saturated
or unsaturated hydrocarbon residue, [0191] R.sup.2 denotes a
hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group, or a (C.sub.1 to
C.sub.4) hydroxyalkyl group, [0192] R.sup.3 denotes a hydrogen atom
or a
##STR00034##
[0192] group, where n=1 or 2, [0193] M signifies, mutually
independently, a hydrogen atom or an equivalent of a monovalent or
polyvalent cation, 0.1 to 7.5 wt % of at least one cationic
surfactant, and 0.1 wt % to 20.0 wt % of at least one cationic
polymer.
[0194] (H):
A composition encompassing water, 0.0001 to 5.0 wt % of at least
one N-acylamino acid selected from at least one compound of formula
(I)
##STR00035##
in which [0195] R.sup.1 signifies a linear or branched, saturated
or unsaturated hydrocarbon residue, [0196] R.sup.2 denotes a
hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group, or a (C.sub.1 to
C.sub.4) hydroxyalkyl group, [0197] R.sup.3 denotes a hydrogen atom
or a
##STR00036##
[0197] group, where n=1 or 2, [0198] M signifies, mutually
independently, a hydrogen atom or an equivalent of a monovalent or
polyvalent cation, 0.1 to 7.5 wt % of at least one cationic
surfactant of a monoalkyltrimethylammonium salt of formula
(Tkat1-1),
[0198] ##STR00037## [0199] in which R1, R2, and R3 each denote a
methyl group and R4 denotes a saturated, branched or unbranched
alkyl residue having a chain length from 12 to 24 carbon atoms and
A- signifies an anion, and 0.1 wt % to 20.0 wt % of at least one
cationic polymer.
[0200] (J):
A composition encompassing water, 0.0001 to 5.0 wt % of at least
one N-acylamino acid selected from at least one compound of formula
(I)
##STR00038##
in which [0201] R.sup.1 signifies a linear or branched, saturated
or unsaturated hydrocarbon residue, [0202] R.sup.2 denotes a
hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group, or a (C.sub.1 to
C.sub.4) hydroxyalkyl group, [0203] R.sup.3 denotes a hydrogen atom
or a
##STR00039##
[0203] group, where n=1 or 2, [0204] M signifies, mutually
independently, a hydrogen atom or an equivalent of a monovalent or
polyvalent cation, 0.1 to 7.5 wt % of at least one cationic
surfactant of a monoalkyltrimethylammonium salt of formula (Tkat
1-1),
[0204] ##STR00040## [0205] in which R1, R2, and R3 each denote a
methyl group and R4 denotes a saturated, branched or unbranched
alkyl residue having a chain length from 12 to 24 carbon atoms and
A- signifies an anion, and 0.1 wt % to 20.0 wt % of at least one
cationic polymer selected from among cationic quaternized cellulose
derivatives.
[0206] (K):
A composition encompassing water, 0.0001 to 5.0 wt % of at least
one N-acylamino acid selected from at least one compound of formula
(I)
##STR00041##
in which [0207] R.sup.1 signifies a linear or branched, saturated
or unsaturated hydrocarbon residue, [0208] R.sup.2 denotes a
hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group, or a (C.sub.1 to
C.sub.4) hydroxyalkyl group, [0209] R.sup.3 denotes a hydrogen atom
or a
##STR00042##
[0209] group, where n=1 or 2, [0210] M signifies, mutually
independently, a hydrogen atom or an equivalent of a monovalent or
polyvalent cation, 0.1 to 7.5 wt % of at least one cationic
surfactant of a monoalkyltrimethylammonium salt of formula
(Tkat1-1),
##STR00043##
[0211] in which R1, R2, and R3 each denote a methyl group and R4
denotes a saturated, branched or unbranched alkyl residue having a
chain length from 12 to 24 carbon atoms and A- signifies an anion,
and
0.1 wt % to 20.0 wt % of at least one cationic polymer that
encompasses at least one structural unit of formula (I) and at
least one structural unit of formula (2) and optionally at least
one structural unit of formula (3)
##STR00044##
in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 denote, mutually independently, a
hydrogen atom or a methyl group, A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 denote,
mutually independently, an ethane-1,2-diyl, propane-1,3-diyl, or
butane-1,4-diyl group, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6
denote, mutually independently, a (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) alkyl group,
R.sup.7 denotes a (C.sub.8 to C.sub.30) alkyl group.
[0212] Compositions (A) to (K) contain preferably at least 20 wt %
water, particularly preferably at least 40 wt % water, based in
each case on the weight of the composition.
[0213] Compositions (A) to (K) have a pH preferably from 2 to 11,
particularly preferably between 2 and 7, very particularly
preferably between 4 and 6.
[0214] Compositions (A) to (K) are preferably liquid at least at a
temperature from 10 to 40.degree. C. at 1013 mbar.
[0215] Compositions (A) to (K) preferably additionally contain at
least one propellant.
[0216] All the above-recited preferred parameters of the
composition (see above) are furthermore valid as preferred for
compositions (A) to (K), mutatis mutandis, for the features recited
therein.
[0217] It is preferred according to the present invention if the
container according to the present invention completely encloses a
cavity, the said composition being present in said cavity.
[0218] The containers preferably encompasses as a metallic part at
least one wall made of metal at least partly enclosing the said
cavity. Aluminum is particularly suitable as a metal.
[0219] It is preferred in turn to coat metallic parts of the
container with a paint. This in turn applies preferably to the
surface facing toward said cavity (i.e. the interior side) of the
walls made of metal. Wet paints and powder paints are suitable as
paints.
[0220] In the context of a particularly preferred embodiment, a
powder paint is used for coating. Powder paints are applied,
generally in powder form or as a melt, onto the surface to be
coated of the corresponding metal part of the container, and cured
there (thermally, by UV radiation, or by NIR radiation). Epoxy
resins, epoxy resin/polyester mixtures, polyesters,
polyester/isocyanate mixtures, acrylates are particularly suitable
as powder paints usable according to the present invention.
[0221] Powder paints are based on the polymer classes of epoxy
resins, epoxy resin/polyester mixtures, polyesters,
polyester/isocyanate mixtures, and acrylates. The powder paints
produced therefrom are respectively called epoxy resin powder
paints, epoxy resin/polyester powder paints, polyester powder
paints, polyurethane powder paints, and acrylate powder paints.
[0222] The underlying polymer classes as well as the crosslinking
chemistry (polyurethane powder paints) are used for naming the
types of powder paints. Misleading designations sometimes result
from this: for example, isocyanate-cured acrylates are still called
acrylates, while isocyanate-cured polyesters are referred to as
polyurethanes.
[0223] Radiation-curing powder paints complete the spectrum of the
aforesaid ones that crosslink entirely thermally. The
near-infrared-curing NIR powder paints should in principle still be
included among the thermally curing ones, since they can also be
oven-cured. The UV-curing powder paints, however, are based on a
purely radiation-curing binder, i.e. require UV radiation.
[0224] Fillers influence the final paint film principally in terms
of its mechanical properties. i.e. with regard to elasticity and
impact resistance as well as chemical resistance. It is also
possible, however, thereby to control leveling and gloss (and
therefore decorative aspects) within broad limits. Fillers moreover
influence, inter alia, the degree of edge coverage and runoff
behavior at the edges during coating, as well as the specific
gravity of the powder paint and thus its spreading rate. Natural
minerals such as barites, feldspars, and chalks serve predominantly
as powder paint fillers.
[0225] Powder paints can in principle be manufactured in almost all
color shades. Both organic and inorganic pigments are suitable for
coloring them, provided they are sufficiently temperature-stable.
Metallic pigments and other effect pigments can suffer from the
high shear loading upon manufacture of powder paints, so they are
usually incorporated in powder form after extrusion.
[0226] A further possible embodiment of the invention is
characterized in that a powder paint coating of said parts of the
container encompasses at least one epoxy resin powder paint. Epoxy
resin powder paints, or epoxy powder paints, are powder paints in
which epoxy resins or epoxidized novolacs react with various
hardeners to yield a coating. The hardeners used are, depending on
the application sector, amines in the broadest sense or modified
cyanoguanidine, phenols such as bisphenol A or F or derivatives
thereof, as well as anhydride hardeners. Epoxy resins are combined
not only with these low-molecular-weight hardeners but also with
acid polyester resins (see below epoxy resin/polyester powder
paints).
[0227] Coatings that are produced from epoxy resin powder paints
are notable for good mechanical/technological properties.
[0228] Extremely low baking temperatures are reached with phenolic
hardeners. Amines, especially the dicyandiamide derivatives, result
in a high crosslinking density of the powder paint. Anhydrides are
preferably suitable for applications in which a high glass
transition temperature of the crosslinked film is required.
Anhydrides are in most cases highly irritating, and the powder
preparations manufactured from them are subject to labeling
requirements. They are therefore less preferred for use according
to the present invention.
[0229] A further possible embodiment of the invention is
characterized in that a powder paint coating of said parts of the
container encompasses at least one polyester powder paint.
[0230] The classic polyester system contains triglycidyl
isocyanurate (TGIC). Polyester/TGIC powder paints are baked at
temperatures above 150.degree. C., usually at approximately
190.degree. C. Because they have little tendency to yellow, even
temperatures up to 290.degree. C. are possible, so that optionally
only a few seconds at object temperature are sufficient for
complete crosslinking of the paint film.
[0231] Further crosslinking systems that exist are on the one hand
the systems that crosslink on the basis of a polycondensation with
hydroxylalkylamide, which are notable for low baking temperatures
and smooth leveling. A disadvantage, however, is a distinct
tendency toward pinholing at higher layer thicknesses, resulting
from the type of crosslinking (release of water). On the other
hand, direct successor types to TGIC have been in use for some
time. Like TGIC-containing products, these crosslink by
polyaddition to the polyester resin. Release products that might
cause pinholes are therefore not given off.
[0232] A preferred embodiment according to the present invention is
characterized in that the said powder paint coating encompasses at
least one hydroxylalkylamide-crosslinking polyester powder
paint.
[0233] A further preferred embodiment of the combination according
to the present invention is characterized in that the powder paint
interior coating encompasses at least one polyurethane powder
paint.
[0234] PU powder paints are powder paints in which polyesters
carrying hydroxy groups are cured with isocyanates. In principle,
however, any other polymer carrying hydroxy groups is also suitable
as a binder. The isocyanates are usually capped (blocked) so that
on the one hand an easily handled solid material can be used, and
on the other hand to prevent a premature reaction between the
binder and hardener in the powder paint. The capping agents
furthermore ensure safe handling of the polyurethane powder paint,
since they contain no free isocyanates. The capping agents (usually
caprolactam) are released upon baking only at temperatures above
175.degree. C., so that object temperatures of at least 180.degree.
C. are necessary for crosslinking polyurethane powder paint.
Because the released capping agents account for approximately 5% of
the quantity of powder paint used, attention must be paid to
effective exhaust purification when using such powder paints.
[0235] Polyurethane powder paints yield weathering-resistant and
chalking-resistant paint finishes that are preferably used for
outdoor applications (building exterior elements, automotive
components).
[0236] A further possible embodiment of the invention is
characterized in that a powder paint coating of said parts of the
container encompasses at least one acrylate powder paint.
[0237] Acrylate powder paints are all powder paints having an
acrylate resin component in the binder; the crosslinking chemistry
does not affect the nomenclature. In principle, with the acrylate
powder paints as well all reactions that are capable of producing a
network are conceivable as reactions, namely epoxy/hydroxy,
epoxy/carboxy, and hydroxyl/isocyanate reactions.
[0238] Because of the chemical environment in acrylate resins,
baking temperatures of 130.degree. C. are sufficient for the
epoxy/carboxy mechanism (unlike for the epoxy resin/polyester
powder paints). In the interest of better powder storage stability
and greater working speed, however, baking usually occurs at 160 to
190.degree. C. The isocyanate-crosslinking acrylate powder paints,
like the polyester-based polyurethane powder paints, require an
object temperature of 180.degree. C.
[0239] The orange-peel structure typical of powder paints is
reduced to a minimum. Acrylate powder paints are appropriate in
particular for coating aluminum parts or as a cover coat in the
context of a multi-layer paint finish.
[0240] A further possible embodiment of the invention is
characterized in that a powder paint coating of said parts of the
container encompasses a hybrid powder paint made up of epoxy resins
and polyester resins crosslinked with one another.
[0241] In hybrid powder paints, epoxy resins and polyester resins
are crosslinked with one another.
[0242] The present invention is effective in particular for making
available aerosol products encompassing at least one aerosol
container that encloses a cavity with at least one metallic wall,
where a composition encompassing at least one N-acylamino acid, at
least one propellant, and water is arranged in the cavity.
[0243] Particularly preferably, the compositions contained
according to the present invention in the said aerosol container
are packaged as an aerosol foam or aerosol spray (particularly
preferably as an aerosol foam).
[0244] For purposes of the invention, an "aerosol container" is
understood by definition as a container whose internal pressure is
higher than the external pressure of its surroundings. The agents
packaged in an aerosol container can be, for example, sprayed or
foamed. A "nonaerosol container" is defined, conversely to the
aerosol definition, as a receptacle whose internal pressure is the
same as the external pressure of its surroundings. The agents
packaged in a nonaerosol container can be poured out or can be
discharged by mechanical action by means of a squeeze system or
pump system.
[0245] Propellants suitable according to the present invention are
selected, for example, from N.sub.2O, N.sub.2, dimethyl ether,
CO.sub.2, air, alkanes having 3 to 5 carbon atoms such as propane,
n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, and isopentane, and mixtures
thereof. Dimethyl ether, propane, n-butane, isobutane, and mixtures
thereof are preferred.
[0246] In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the aforesaid
alkanes, mixtures of the aforesaid alkanes, or mixtures of the
aforesaid alkanes with dimethyl ether are used as the only
propellant. The invention also expressly encompasses, however, the
concurrent use of propellants of the fluorochlorocarbon type, but
in particular the fluorocarbons.
[0247] For a given spray apparatus, the sizes of the aerosol
droplets or foam bubbles, and the respective size distribution, can
be adjusted by way of the quantitative ratio of propellant to the
other constituents of the preparations.
[0248] The quantity of propellant used varies as a function of the
specific composition of the agent, the packaging used, and the
desired type of product (e.g. hair spray or hair foam). When
conventional spray apparatuses are used, aerosol foam products
contain the propellant preferably in quantities from 1 to 35 wt %
based on the total product. Quantities from 2 to 30 wt %, in
particular from 3 to 15 wt %, are particularly preferred. Aerosol
sprays generally contain larger quantities of propellant. In this
case the propellant is used preferably in a quantity from 20 to 98
wt % based on the total product. Quantities from 30 to 95 wt %, in
particular from 30 to 65 wt %, are particularly preferred.
[0249] The aerosol products can be manufactured in usual fashion.
As a rule all the constituents of the said composition, with the
exception of the propellant, are introduced into a suitable
pressure-tight container. The latter is then sealed with a valve.
Lastly, the desired quantity of propellant is introduced using
conventional techniques.
[0250] Particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention
are the aerosol products (AA) to (CC):
[0251] (AA):
An aerosol product encompassing a container that encloses a cavity
with at least one metallic wall, where a composition that
encompasses at least one N-acylamino acid, at least one propellant,
and water is arranged in the cavity.
[0252] (BB):
An aerosol product encompassing a container that encloses a cavity
with at least one metallic wall coated with a paint, where a
composition that encompasses at least one N-acylamino acid, at
least one propellant, and water is arranged in the cavity.
[0253] (CC):
An aerosol product encompassing a container that encloses a cavity
with at least one metallic wall coated with a powder paint, where a
composition that encompasses at least one N-acylamino acid, at
least one propellant, and water is arranged in the cavity.
[0254] It is preferred in turn if aerosol products (AA) to (CC)
encompass as the composition present in the cavity the compositions
characterized previously as preferred. In particular, the
compositions of aerosol products (AA) to (CC) preferably encompass,
besides the propellant, the parameters defined in compositions (A)
to (K). The compositions of the embodiment of the third subject of
the invention (see below) are furthermore suitable to a preferred
extent.
[0255] The compositions according to the present invention, or the
aerosol products that contain these agents, in particular aerosol
hair foams or aerosol hair sprays, are notable in particular, in
addition to the outstanding corrosion stability of the metallic
container, for the fact that they impart a very strong, permanent
hairstyle hold to treated hair even though the hair remains
flexible. If the agent is packaged as a hair foam, it forms a
stable, fine-pore, creamy foam that can be distributed onto the
hair uniformly and without dripping.
[0256] A third subject of the invention is directed toward a
preferred embodiment of the invention. This embodiment relates to
preferred compositions whose corrosion effect is limited or
prevented by containing the said N-acylamino acid according to the
present invention. This refers to a composition for the temporary
deformation of keratinic fibers, in particular human hair,
encompassing [0257] (i) water, [0258] (ii) at least one N-acylamino
acid, [0259] (iii) as a polyelectrolyte, at least one ionic
film-forming and/or ionic setting polymer [0260] (in particular at
least one cationic film-forming and/or cationic setting polymer),
[0261] (iv) at least one propellant.
[0262] "Keratinic fibers" are understood in principle as all animal
hairs, e.g. wool, horsehair, angora hair, furs, feathers, and
products or textiles produced therefrom. The keratinic fibers are,
however, preferably human hairs.
[0263] Preferred ionic film-forming and/or ionic setting polymers
are selected from among cationic, anionic, or amphoteric polymers
as well as mixtures thereof. Cationic film-forming and/or cationic
setting polymers are particularly preferred according to the
present invention. The cationic film-forming and/or cationic
setting polymers are in turn preferably selected from at least one
film-forming and/or setting polymer of the cationic polymers of the
second subject of the invention.
[0264] The preferred embodiments/preferred parameters of the
composition or of the components of the composition recited in the
context of the first and second subject of the invention continue
to be valid as preferred, mutatis mutandis, in the context of the
third subject of the invention.
EXAMPLES
[0265] Compositions V1 (comparison composition) and E1 (composition
according to the present invention) of Table 1 were prepared using
standard manufacturing methods. Unless otherwise characterized, all
quantity indications are percentages by weight. The following
commercial products were used as raw materials: [0266] Celquat.RTM.
L 200 quaternized cellulose derivative (INCI name:
Polyquaternium-4) (National Starch) [0267] Luviskol VA 64 W
copolymer of 60% N-vinylpyrrolidone and 40% vinyl acetate having a
K value from 26 to 34 (50% active substance in water) [0268]
Gafquat.RTM. 755 N dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/vinylpyrrolidone
copolymer, quaternized with diethyl sulfate (approx. 19% solids in
water; INCI name: Polyquaternium-11) (ISP)
TABLE-US-00003 [0268] TABLE 1 Compositions V1 E1 Celquat L-200 0.19
0.19 Luviskol VA 64 W 8.10 8.10 Gafquat 755 N 4.00 4.00
1,2-Propanediol 3.40 3.40 Glycerol 2.00 2.00 PEG-8 (polyethylene
glycol, 400 g/mol) 1.50 1.50 Ethanol 18.40 18.40 D-panthenol 0.20
0.20 Benzophenone-4 0.10 0.10 Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride 0.30
0.30 Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate -- 0.03 PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor
Oil 0.40 0.40 Perfume 0.10 0.10 Lactic acid to pH 5 to pH 5
Propane/butane 8.00 8.00 Water to 100 to 100
[0269] The propellant-free compositions (i.e. without the
propane/butane component) were placed into aerosol cans made of
aluminum (Aerocan co.) having powder paint-coated interior walls
(powder paint: Metlac 81200) and sealed with a poppet valve by
crimping. The sealed containers were then impinged upon with the
propane/butane propellant. The resulting aerosol products were
stored for a period of 3 months. Once the storage time had elapsed,
the aerosol cans were emptied and cut up for evaluation of
corrosion phenomena. The powder-paint coating of composition E1
according to the present invention exhibited almost no bubbles
caused by corrosion, while the powder-paint coating of the aerosol
product of the comparison composition V1 showed considerable
corrosion phenomena and considerable bubbling of the paint
layer.
[0270] While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented
in the foregoing detailed description of the invention, it should
be appreciated that a vast number of variations exist. It should
also be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary
embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the
scope, applicability, or configuration of the invention in any way.
Rather, the foregoing detailed description will provide those
skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing an
exemplary embodiment of the invention, it being understood that
various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of
elements described in an exemplary embodiment without departing
from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims
and their legal equivalents.
* * * * *