U.S. patent application number 13/914009 was filed with the patent office on 2013-10-17 for cereal-based infant nutrition with fibre.
The applicant listed for this patent is N.V.NUTRICIA. Invention is credited to Martine Sandra ALLES, Brigitte Antonia Maria BORGMANN, Bernd STAHL.
Application Number | 20130273195 13/914009 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 38704962 |
Filed Date | 2013-10-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130273195 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
STAHL; Bernd ; et
al. |
October 17, 2013 |
CEREAL-BASED INFANT NUTRITION WITH FIBRE
Abstract
Cereal-based semi-liquid and/or semi-solid compositions suitable
for supporting the transition period wherein the infant changes
from a diet consisting of breast milk or liquid infant formula to
solid adult foods, comprising uronic acid carbohydrates with a
degree of polymerisation (DP) between 10 and 300 and also uses
thereof are disclosed.
Inventors: |
STAHL; Bernd;
(Rosbach-Rodheim, DE) ; ALLES; Martine Sandra;
(Apeldoorn, NL) ; BORGMANN; Brigitte Antonia Maria;
(Oberursel, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
N.V.NUTRICIA |
Zoetermeer |
|
NL |
|
|
Family ID: |
38704962 |
Appl. No.: |
13/914009 |
Filed: |
June 10, 2013 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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12532583 |
Mar 26, 2010 |
|
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|
PCT/NL2007/050121 |
Mar 21, 2008 |
|
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13914009 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
426/2 ;
426/598 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61P 25/20 20180101;
A61P 3/10 20180101; A23V 2002/00 20130101; A23L 33/21 20160801;
A61P 3/04 20180101; A23L 33/40 20160801; A61P 1/12 20180101; A23L
7/198 20160801; A23V 2250/5116 20130101; A23V 2002/00 20130101;
A23V 2200/328 20130101; A23V 2250/061 20130101; A23V 2250/606
20130101; A23V 2250/612 20130101; A23V 2250/5118 20130101; A23V
2250/5072 20130101; A23V 2250/5062 20130101; A23V 2002/00 20130101;
A23V 2200/328 20130101; A23V 2200/32 20130101; A23V 2250/5072
20130101; A23V 2250/5062 20130101; A23V 2250/5118 20130101; A23V
2250/061 20130101; A23V 2250/606 20130101; A23V 2250/612 20130101;
A23V 2250/5114 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
426/2 ;
426/598 |
International
Class: |
A23L 1/29 20060101
A23L001/29 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Mar 22, 2007 |
NL |
PCT/NL2007/050121 |
Claims
1. A method for providing nutrition to a weaning infant subject,
comprising feeding said subject with a weaning infant formula
having a viscosity of between 150 and 100,000 mPas at 20.degree. C.
and at a shear rate of 10 which formula comprises: (a) 10 to 99 wt.
% cereal component based on dry weight of the nutritional
composition; (b) 1.0 to 30 wt. % fiber based on dry weight of the
nutritional composition; (c) 0.5 to 95 wt % uronic acid
carbohydrates with a degree of polymerization of 10 to 300 based on
total fiber; and (d) 5 to 95 wt. % soluble, non-digestible
carbohydrates based on total fiber, which carbohydrate is are
selected from the group consisting of galactose-oligosaccharide
and/or polysaccharide, xylooligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide,
gluco-oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide, malto-oligosaccharide,
isomalto-oligosaccharide, resistant dextrin, cyclodextrin,
arabino-oligosaccharide, mannan-oligosaccharide,
galactomanno-oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide,
glucomanno-oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide,
arabinogalacto-oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide,
fructo-oligosaccharide, and fructopolysaccharide. thereby providing
nutrition to said subject.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the cereal component is
selected from the group consisting of milled cereal, ground cereal
and cereal flour.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the formula comprises
uronic acid carbohydrates selected from the group consisting of
apple pectin, citrus pectin and sugar beet pectin.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the formula comprises 5
to 94.5 wt % insoluble, non-digestible carbohydrates based on total
fiber.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the formula comprises
resistant starch.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the formula comprises:
(a) 20 to 90 wt. % cereal flour and/or milled cereals and/or ground
cereals based on dry weight of the powder composition; (b) 1.5 to
20 wt. % fiber based on dry weight of the powder composition; (c)
0.5 to 86 wt. % uronic acid carbohydrates with a degree of
polymerization of 10 to 300 based on total fiber, (d) 10 to 95 wt.
% inulin based on total fiber, (e) 2 to 80 wt. % resistant starch
based on total fiber, and f) 2 to 80 wt. % oat fiber based on total
fiber.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the formula comprises
one or more cereal components selected from the group consisting of
millet flour, rice flour, corn flour, teff flour, oat flour,
sorghum flour and starchy root crop flour.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the formula further
comprises digestible starch of which 10 to 70 wt. % is slowly
digestible starch based on total digestible starch weight.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weaning infant
formula comprises 5 to 16 en. % protein, 30 to 90 en. % digestible
carbohydrate and 1 to 40 en. % fat.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weaning infant
formula comprises the following fiber mixture: (a) 0.5 to 86 wt. %
uronic acid carbohydrate with a degree of polymerization of 10 to
300 based on total fiber, (b) 10 to 95 wt. % inulin based on total
fiber, (c) 2 to 80 wt. % resistant starch based on total fiber, and
(d) 2 to 80 wt. % oat fiber based on total fiber.
11. A method for regulating blood glucose, decreasing post-prandial
blood glucose levels, and/or prolonging release of energy in a
waning infant subject, comprising feeding said subject with the
formula defined in claim 1.
12. A method for increasing satiety and/or improving sleep in a
weaning infant subject comprising feeding said subject with the
formula defined in claim 1.
13. A process for producing a weaning infant formula, comprising
admixing: a powder comprising: (i) 10 to 99 wt. % cereal component
based on dry weight or the powder; (ii) 1 to 30 wt. % fiber based
on total dry weight of the powder; (iii) 0.5 to 95 wt % uronic acid
carbohydrate with a degree of polymerization of 10 to 300 based on
total fiber; and (iv) 5 to 95 wt. % soluble, non-digestible
carbohydrates based on total fiber selected from the group
consisting of galactose-oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide,
xylooligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide, gluco-oligosaccharide
and/or polysaccharide, malto-oligosaccharide,
isomalto-oligosaccharide, resistant dextrin, cyclodextrin.
arabino-oligosaccharide, mannan-oligosaccharide,
galactomanno-oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide,
glucomanno-oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide,
arabinogalacto-oligosaccharide and/or polysaccharide,
fructo-oligosaccharide, and fructopolysaccharide, with (b) a
liquid, wherein, after admixing the liquid, the formula has a
viscosity between 150 and 100,000 mPas at 20.degree. C. at a shear
rate of 10 s.sup.-1.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of spoonable
cereal-based infant nutrition.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Fibres are of significant importance for a healthy
nutrition. Some fibres have been described to improve bowel habit,
intestinal flora, and gut barrier and prevent diarrhoea or
intestinal infections. Furthermore, oral intake of fibres increases
satiety and blunts blood glucose fluctuations.
[0003] Infants exclusively receiving breast milk consume fibres in
the form of soluble, non-digestible oligosaccharides. Breast milk
comprises, on average, about 10 g neutral oligosaccharides per
litre and 1 g acidic oligosaccharides per litre.
[0004] The adult diet includes a mixture of fibres, comprising
soluble non-starch polysaccharides (including uronic acid
carbohydrates), insoluble non-starch polysaccharides,
non-digestible oligosaccharides, and resistant starch. The
recommended fibre intake for an adult is about 30 g per day.
[0005] Upon the transition to solid food, an infant changes from a
diet exclusively consisting of breast milk or liquid infant formula
to a more mature diet. It is extremely important that the fibre
component present in the adult nutrition is gradually introduced
into the infant's diet. In this way the microflora and the colonic
food is changed gradually, and gastrointestinal discomfort, such as
bloating, abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhoea and constipation is
avoided. Furthermore, during the transition from liquid to solid
food, semi-liquid and/or semi-solid foods are preferred. These
foods are preferably consumed with a spoon.
[0006] "Milchbrei Apfel Karote" from Milupa (Germany) is a dry
powder cereal product. After reconstitution with water, a spoonable
cereal-based infant nutrition is formed comprising rice- and maize
flour and apple and carrot powder.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention provides a semi-liquid and/or
semi-solid cereal-based nutrition that is particularly suitable for
supporting the transition period wherein the infant changes from a
diet exclusively consisting of breast milk or liquid infant formula
to mature, solid nutrition. The present composition is particularly
designed to have the infant accustomed to fibre ingredients present
in the adult diet.
[0008] The cereal nutrition is of a semi-liquid and/or semi-solid
constitution, with a viscosity of between 150 and 100,000 mPas. By
providing nutrition with this viscosity an intermediate between
liquid and solid food is provided. This enables the infant to get
accustomed to eating in contrast to drinking only and enables the
acquaintance with eating with a spoon. Solid food is still
inappropriate for infants changing from breast milk or infant
(liquid) formula, because of the infant's lack of teeth and its
poor swallowing reflex.
[0009] The present nutritional composition is adapted to meet the
requirements of infants in the transition phase by providing a
combination of a cereal component, an intermediate concentration of
fibres and uronic acid carbohydrates with a degree of
polymerisation (DP) of 10 to 300 monosaccharide units. A DP of 10
to 300 monosaccharide units is also herein referred to as medium,
medium DP or medium chain carbohydrate. This DP is intermediate
between the major acidic oligosaccharides found in human breast
milk having a DP below 10, and the native, high DP pectin as found
in the mature human nutrition, e.g. in the cell walls of vegetables
and fruits, generally having a DP above 300. The present uronic
acid carbohydrate with an intermediate DP has intermediate effects
regarding the anti-pathogenic and bifidogenic effects of human milk
acidic oligosaccharides and the blood glucose and satiety
regulating effects of native pectin.
[0010] Furthermore, medium DP pectin has advantageous
product-technological properties, such as reduction of viscosity
increasing effects and/or reduction of undesirable texturising
effects, i.e. an unwanted mouthfeel effect compared to native
pectin. This enables the inclusion of intermediate length uronic
acid molecules in cereal products without a dramatic increase in
viscosity. This is of utmost importance because these products
usually already have a high viscosity and a further increase could
result in an undesirable product. Particularly, minimal or
negligible increase in viscosity by addition of medium chain uronic
acid molecules is remarkable since normally pectin forms rigid gels
when combined with (calcium comprising) milk products.
[0011] By administering the present cereal-based nutritional
composition, gastrointestinal discomfort, such as bloating,
abdominal pain, flatulence, diarrhoea and constipation is avoided.
At the same time, the present composition provides the advantages
of fibres available in breast milk (such as anti-pathogenic and
bifidogenic effects) and the advantages of fibres present in the
adult diet (such as blood glucose and satiety regulating effects).
It was found by the inventors that the cereal based nutrition of
the present invention comprising a relatively small amount of
fibre, attenuated blood glucose levels, despite the presence of a
high concentration of glucose containing digestible
carbohydrates.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0012] The present invention provides a nutritional composition
with a viscosity at 20.degree. C. and at a shear rate of 10
s.sup.-1 between 150 and 100,000 mPas, comprising: 10 to 99 wt. %
cereal component based on dry weight of the nutritional
composition, 1.0 to 30 wt. % fibre based on dry weight of the
nutritional composition, and 0.5 to 100 wt. % uronic acid
carbohydrate with a degree of polymerisation of 10 to 300 based on
total fibre.
[0013] In a further aspect the present invention provides a method
for providing nutrition to an infant, said method comprising
administering said nutritional composition to the infant.
[0014] In still a further aspect the present invention provides a
method for regulation of blood glucose, decreasing post-prandial
blood glucose levels, and/or prolonging the release of energy, said
method comprising administering the present nutritional
composition.
[0015] In still a further aspect the present invention provides a
method for regulation of blood glucose, decreasing post-prandial
blood glucose levels, and/or prolonging the release of energy, said
method comprising administering the present fibre mixture
comprising uronic acid carbohydrate with a degree of polymerisation
of 10 to 300, inulin, resistant starch and oat fibre.
[0016] In another aspect the present invention provides a method
for increasing satiety and/or improving sleep, said method
comprising administering the present nutritional composition.
[0017] In still a further aspect the present invention provides a
method for increasing satiety and/or improving sleep, said method
comprising administering the present fibre mixture comprising
uronic acid carbohydrate with a degree of polymerisation of 10 to
300, inulin, resistant starch and oat fibre.
[0018] In yet a further aspect, the present invention provides a
method for treating and/or preventing constipation, diarrhoea
and/or gastro-intestinal infections said method comprising
administering the present nutritional composition.
[0019] The present invention also provides a process for the
manufacture of a nutritional composition, comprising admixing a
powder comprising: 10 to 99 wt. % cereal component based on dry
weight of the powder, 1 to 30 wt. % fibre based on total dry weight
of the powder, and 0.5 to 100 wt. % uronic acid carbohydrate with a
degree of polymerisation of 10 to 300 based on total fibre and a
liquid.
[0020] The present invention also provides a powder composition
comprising: 10 to 99 wt. % cereal flour, ground cereal and/or
milled cereal based on dry weight of the powder composition, 1.0 to
30 wt. % fibre based on dry weight of the powder composition, and
0.5 to 100 wt. % uronic acid carbohydrate with a degree of
polymerisation of 10 to 300 based on total fibre. A more preferred
embodiment is a powder composition comprising 20 to 90 wt. % cereal
flour and/or milled cereals and/or ground cereals based on dry
weight of the powder composition, 1.5 to 20 wt. % fibre based on
dry weight of the powder composition, 0.5 to 86 wt. % uronic acid
carbohydrate with a degree of polymerisation of 10 to 300 based on
total fibre, 10 to 95 inulin based on total fibre, 2 to 80 wt. %
resistant starch based on total fibre, and 2 to 80 wt. % oat fibre
based on total fibre, the remaining of the powder being comprised
of other components such as milk powder and/or powdered infant
formula. In one aspect the present invention also concerns a
nutritional composition comprising a fibre mixture comprising 0.5
to 86 wt. % uronic acid carbohydrate with a degree of
polymerisation of 10 to 300 based on total fibre, 10 to 95 wt. %
inulin based on total fibre, 2 to 80 wt. % resistant starch based
on total fibre, and 2 to 80 wt. % oat fibre based on total
fibre.
[0021] In a further aspect the present invention provides a method
for regulation of blood glucose, decreasing post-prandial blood
glucose levels, and/or prolonging the release of energy, said
method comprising administering the present fibre mixture
comprising 0.5 to 86 wt. % uronic acid carbohydrate with a degree
of polymerisation of 10 to 300 based on total fibre, 10 to 95 wt. %
inulin based on total fibre, 2 to 80 wt. % resistant starch based
on total fibre, and 2 to 80 wt. % oat fibre based on total
fibre.
[0022] In still a further aspect the present invention provides a
method for increasing satiety and/or improving sleep, said method
comprising administering the present fibre mixture comprising 0.5
to 86 wt. % uronic acid carbohydrate with a degree of
polymerisation of 10 to 300 based on total fibre, 10 to 95 wt. %
inulin based on total fibre, 2 to 80 wt. % resistant starch based
on total fibre, and 2 to 80 wt. % oat fibre based on total
fibre.
Cereal
[0023] The present composition comprises a cereal component. Cereal
components are an important part of the infant's diet, and are
usually one of the first non-breast milk and non-infant formulae
components introduced into the diet of infants. Ultimately, the
infant will consume a high cereal diet, including bread, rice and
pasta.
[0024] The present cereal component preferably is a component
selected from the group consisting of whole cereal, cereal flour,
milled cereal, ground cereals, cereal starch, and cereal fibre. The
present cereal component is preferably a component selected from
the group consisting of cereal flour, ground cereal and milled
cereal. The cereal flour preferably comprises cereal flour which is
dextrinised by heat treatment and/or cereal flour which has been
enzyme treated in order to degrade the cereal starch. Preferably,
the present composition comprises a precooked cereal component,
more preferably precooked cereal flour. The term "precooked cereal
flour" indicates flour obtained by the process whereby flour, in
granular and crystalline structure is swelled and transformed,
preferably in a continuous amorphous phase, in the presence of heat
and water, dried (e.g. using drum drying or extrusion cooking) and
ground. The precooked flour presently used preferably comprises
between 5 and 15 wt. % protein based on the total dry weight of the
precooked flour. The use of precooked flour has the further
advantage that the final product has a reduced content of
thermo-resistant spores compared to the use of non-precooked flour.
Furthermore, the use of precooked flour in the present process has
the advantage that the viscosity of the composition is more stable
after reconstitution of the product with a warm liquid. This is in
contrast to the situation wherein solely non-precooked flour is
used. In the latter case the viscosity gradually increases with
time.
[0025] The precooked flour used in the present invention preferably
has a degree of gelatinisation of at least 50%, preferably at least
75%. This gives better water holding capacity (WHC), resulting in
an improved product (e.g. stability and palatability). The WHC of
the precooked material used in the present invention is preferably
between 2 and 10 g water/g dry matter precooked material, more
preferably between 2.5 and 5 g water/g dry matter precooked
material. The WHC can be determined as described by Pinnavaia and
Pizzirani (Starch/Starke 50 (1998) nr. 2-3, S. 64-67).
[0026] Preferably the present composition comprises at least one
cereal selected from the group consisting of rice, millet, sorghum,
wheat, barley, buckwheat, maize (corn), fonio, oats, quinoa, rye,
triticale, teff, wild rice, spelt, amaranth, quinoa and starchy
root crops. Starchy root crops are preferably selected from the
group consisting of potato, sweet potato, cassava, yams, aroids,
oca, ulluco and mashua. Preferably, the present composition is
gluten free. The intake of gluten by infants below 6 month of age
can result in gastro-intestinal damage. Hence, the present
composition preferably comprises one or more cereal components
selected from the group consisting of rice, maize and millet,
sorghum, teff, oat and starchy root crops. More preferably, the
present composition comprises one or more cereal components
selected from the group consisting of rice, maize and millet, teff,
and oat. More preferably the cereal component of the present
composition consists of rice, maize and millet, sorghum, teff, oat,
starchy root crops and mixtures thereof More preferably the present
cereal is selected from the group consisting of rice, maize, oat,
teff and millet. Preferably the cereal part of the composition
comprises mixtures of cereal components. Typically the cereal is
processed as defined in EU directive 96/5/EC.
[0027] The present composition preferably comprises between 10 and
99 g cereal component per 100 g dry weight of the present
composition, more preferably between 20 and 90 g even more
preferably between 25 and 80 g.
Fibre Components
[0028] The term "fibre" as used in the present invention typically
relates to all soluble non-digestible carbohydrates (SNC),
insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (INSP), resistant starch and
lignin. The present uronic acid carbohydrate is also a fibre.
Uronic acid carbohydrates belong to the class of SNC. The term
"non-digestible" as used in the present invention refers to
carbohydrates which are not digested in the intestine by the action
of acids or digestive enzymes present in the human upper digestive
tract (small intestine and stomach) and reach the colon. Sugars
such as lactose and sucrose are considered digestible. The term
"soluble" as used herein, when having reference to a carbohydrate,
polysaccharide, fibre or oligosaccharide, means that the substance
is at least 50% soluble according to the method described by L.
Prosky et al., J. Assoc. Off Anal. Chem. 71:1017-1023 (1988). The
term "insoluble" as used herein, when having reference to a
carbohydrate, polysaccharide, fibre or oligosaccharide, means that
the substance is less than 50% soluble according to the method
described by L. Prosky et al., J. Assoc. Off Anal. Chem.
71:1017-1023 (1988). For instance, an oat fibre being composed of
60 wt. % insoluble fibre and 40 wt. % soluble fibre is classified
as insoluble fibre.
[0029] The present nutritional composition comprises 1 to 30 wt. %
fibre based on dry weight of the total composition, preferably 1.5
to 20 wt. %, more preferably 2 to 10 wt %. Preferably one serving
of the present composition comprises 0.5 to 5 g fibre, more
preferably 1 to 3 g fibre.
Uronic Acid Carbohydrates
[0030] Uronic acid carbohydrates are soluble, non-starch poly- and
oligosaccharides. The term uronic acid carbohydrate as used in the
present invention refers to a carbohydrate wherein at least 50% of
the residues are selected from the group consisting of guluronic
acid, mannuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid,
riburonic, iduronic, N-acetylneuramic acid and neuramic acid. The
term galacturonic acid carbohydrate as used in the present
invention refers to a carbohydrate wherein at least 50% of the
residues are galacturonic acid residues.
[0031] The present nutritional composition preferably comprises 0.5
to 100 wt. % uronic acid carbohydrates with a DP of 10 to 300 based
on total fibre, preferably at least 1 wt. %, more preferably at
least 2 wt. %, even more preferably at least 5 wt. %. In a
preferred embodiment, the composition comprises, of 0.01 to 30 wt.
% uronic acid carbohydrate with a DP of 10 to 300 based on dry
weight of the present composition, more preferably 0.05 to 10 wt.
%, even more preferably 0.1 to 5 wt. %. More preferably, the
present nutritional composition comprises 0.5 to 100 wt. % uronic
acid carbohydrates with a DP of 20 to 200 based on total fibre,
preferably at least 1 wt. %, more preferably at least 2 wt. %, even
more preferably at least 5 wt. %. In a more preferred embodiment,
the composition comprises of 0.01 to 30 wt. % uronic acid
carbohydrate with a DP of 20 to 200 based on dry weight of the
present composition, more preferably 0.05 to 10 wt. %, even more
preferably 0.1 to 5 wt. %.
[0032] The present composition comprises preferably between 50 and
100 wt. % uronic acid carbohydrate with a DP of 10 to 300 based on
total weight of uronic acid carbohydrates in the present
composition, more preferably 75 to 100 wt. %. A sufficient amount
of medium chain (DP of 10 to 300) uronic acid carbohydrates
compared to short (DP<10) and long (DP>300) carbohydrates
ensures a proper transition to full length uronic acid molecules
present in the mature diet.
[0033] In a preferred embodiment the uronic acid carbohydrate
comprises at least 50% galacturonic acid residues based on total
uronic acid residues in the uronic acid carbohydrate. Preferably,
the present composition comprises 25 to 100 wt. % galacturonic acid
carbohydrates with a DP of 10 to 300, more preferably 20 to 300,
based on total weight of uronic acid carbohydrates in the present
composition. In a preferred embodiment, the uronic acid
carbohydrates of the present invention comprises between 50 and 100
wt. % galacturonic carbohydrates with a DP of 10 to 300, more
preferably 20 to 200, based on total weight of uronic acid
carbohydrates. Hence, preferably the present invention comprises at
least 50 to 100 wt. % pectin molecules with a. DP between 10 and
300, more preferably 20 to 200, based on total weight of uronic
acid. Pectin frequently occurs in the adults diet, and hence
advantageously medium chain (DP of 10 to 300) pectin is used in the
present composition.
[0034] The present composition preferably comprises less than 25
wt. % of the uronic acid carbohydrates with a DP above 300, more
preferably above 200, based on total weight of uronic acid
carbohydrates. The present composition preferably comprises less
than 25 wt. % uronic acid carbohydrates with a DP below 10, more
preferably below 20, based on total weight of uronic acid
carbohydrates. By including the uronic acid carbohydrate with a DP
of 10 to 300, more preferably of 20 to 300, both physiological
effects of acidic oligosaccharides found with a DP below 10 in
breast milk and native pectins with an average DP above 300 ranging
up to over 30000 are provided, which is advantageous for infants
changing from breast milk or from infant formulae to adult
food.
[0035] In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the terminal
hexose units of the uronic acid carbohydrate has a double bond,
which is preferably situated between the C.sub.4 and C.sub.5
position of the terminal hexose unit.
[0036] The double bond effectively protects against attachment of
the pathogenic bacteria against the epithelium. Preferably one of
the terminal hexose units comprises the double bond. The double
bond at terminal hexose unit can for example be obtained by
enzymatically degrading pectin with lyase. Preferably at least 5%,
more preferably at least 10%, even more preferably at least 25% of
the terminal hexose units of the uronic acid carbohydrate is an
unsaturated hexose unit. As each individual uronic acid
carbohydrate preferably comprises only one unsaturated terminal
hexose unit, preferably less than 50%, more preferably less than
40% of the terminal hexose comprises a double bond.
[0037] The uronic acid carbohydrate may be esterified, such as
acetylated, methylated, methoxylated and/or amidated. In one
embodiment the uronic acid carbohydrates are preferably
characterised by a degree of esterification, preferably
methoxylation, below 70%, preferably below 50%, more preferably
below 30%. A low degree of esterification advantageously results in
easier fermentation by the intestinal flora and/or an increased
anti-adhesive effect on pathogenic bacteria.
[0038] In one embodiment the uronic acid carbohydrates have a
degree of esterification, preferably methoxylation above 20%,
preferably above 50% even more preferably above 60%. Preferably the
uronic acid carbohydrates have a degree of methylation above 10%,
preferably above 20%, preferably above 50% even more preferably
above 70%. A high degree of esterification advantageously increases
the bioavailability of cations, preferably calcium, iron and/or
magnesium.
[0039] Preferably, the present uronic acid carbohydrate has a
viscosity of below 50 mPas, preferably below 30 mPas at a 2 wt. %
solution in water at 25.degree. C. and a shear rate of 10 s.sup.-1.
Suitable methods to obtain medium DP uronic acid carbohydrates are
described in Van Deventer-Schriemik & Pilnik, 1987, Acta
Alimentaria 16:143-153. A preferred source of uronic acid
carbohydrates is partially degraded alginate or partially degraded
pectin from citrus fruits, apples, and/or sugar beet, more
preferably partially degraded pectin from apple. A preferred source
of the present uronic acid carbohydrate is modified citrus pectin.
Modified citrus pectin is preferably obtained by lysis to smaller
molecular weight molecules by treatment at pH 10 and at a pH of 3
for a longer period of time. Modified citrus pectin is comprised of
linear polygalacturonate chains comprising from 5 to 90
galacturonic acid residues, with an average of approximately 55
residues. Modified citrus pectin is also known as modified pectin,
depolymerised pectin and pH-modified pectin. Another preferred
source of uronic acid carbohydrate is ultra low viscosity pectin
which is partially degraded, such as Herbapekt SF 50 LV (Herbafood)
or ultralow viscosity pectin from Obipektin.
Soluble Non-Digestible Carbohydrates
[0040] The present composition preferably further comprises
soluble, non-digestible carbohydrates other than uronic acid
carbohydrates (hereinafter abbreviated to SNC). Preferably the
present composition comprises a soluble non-digestible carbohydrate
selected from the group consisting of galacto-oligo- and/or
polysaccharide (including transgalacto-oligo- and/or
polysaccharides), xylo-oligo- and/or polysaccharide, gluco-oligo-
and/or polysaccharide (including gentio-oligosaccharides,
malto-oligosaccharides, isomalto-oligosaccharides, resistant
dextrins and cyclodextrins), arabino-oligo- and or polysaccharide,
mannan-oligo- and/or polysaccharide, galactomanno-oligo- and/or
polysaccharides, glucomanno-oligo- and/or polysaccharides,
arabinogalacto-oligo- and/or polysaccharides, fructo-oligo- and/or
polysaccharides, xanthan, curdlan, laminaran, and gellan and their
partially degraded derivatives.
[0041] Inclusion of SNC, particularly galactooligosaccharides,
ensures a stimulation of the microflora, especially the
Bifidobacteria, and results in fermentation products in the colon.
A healthy microflora, and particularly a healthy Bifidobacteria
count is important when infants start consuming a more mature diet,
which normally comprises more pathogens than breast milk and infant
nutrition. Furthermore, the bifidogenic factors as present in
breast milk should be maintained in the diet in order to induce a
gradual change of the intestinal flora.
[0042] The present composition preferably contains a SNC with a DP
between 2 and 200, more preferably a DP between 2 and 100, more
preferably a DP between 2 and 50. A lower DP of the SNC improves
the fermentability by the intestinal flora and reduces viscosity of
the final product Preferably, the present composition comprises at
least 5 wt. % SNC based on total fibre, more preferably at least 10
wt. %. The SNC has the additional advantage that it gives good
product characteristics, e.g. the soluble fibres do not precipitate
and are as good as inert towards other ingredients of the present
composition.
[0043] The composition comprises preferably less than 95 wt. % SNC
based on total fibre. The present composition preferably comprises
0.05 to 25 g SNC per 100 g dry weight of the composition,
preferably 0.1 to 10 g, more preferably 0.5 to 5 g.
[0044] The present composition preferably comprises at least a
galacto-oligosaccharide. These oligosaccharides are the same or
highly similar to the galactose-based oligosaccharides present in
human milk. Preferably the present composition comprises a
galaco-oligosaccharides are selected from the group consisting of
.alpha.-galactooligosaccharides (including raffinose and
stachyose), sialylated and/or fucosylated galactooligosaccharides
(including sialyllactose and fucosyllactose), lacto-N-tetraose
(LNT) and lacto-N-neotetraose (neo-LNT) and
.beta.-galactooligosaccharides. Preferably the saccharides of the
galacto-oligosaccharide are .beta.-linked, as is the case in human
milk. In a particularly preferred embodiment the present invention
comprises the administration of transgalacto-oligosaccharide with a
DP below 10. Transgalacto-oligosaccharides (TOS). These are for
example sold under the trademark Vivinal.TM. (Borculo Domo
Ingredients, Netherlands), Oligomate 55 (Yakult), CupOligo
(Nissin), or Bimmuno (Clasado).
[0045] The present composition preferably comprises 0.05 to 9 g of
the galacto-oligosaccharide per 100 g dry weight of the
composition, more preferably 0.1 to 2 g, even more preferably 0.2
to 1 g.
[0046] Preferably, the present composition comprises a fruit-,
vegetable- or cereal-based neutral, soluble, non-digestible
carbohydrate, preferably a fructan. This combination makes a
particularly good nutrition for the transitional period. Because
fructans widely occurs in solid foods (e.g. onion, banana,
artichokes) the present composition preferably comprises fructans.
The term "fructans" as used herein refers to an oligosaccharide or
polysaccharide comprising a chain of at least 2 .beta.-linked
fructose units, with a DP between 2 and 100, preferably between 20
and 60. Preferably inulin is used. In inulin the fructose units are
linked with a .beta.(2.fwdarw.1) linkage. Inulin is for instance
available under the tradename "Raftilin HP.RTM.", (Orafti).
Preferably the inulin has at least 90% glucose-terminated fructose
chains. The average DP of the present fructan is preferably at
least 9, more preferably at least 15, more preferably at least 20.
The present composition preferably comprises 0.05 to 9 g of the
vegetable-, fruit- and/or cereal-derived soluble non-digestible
non-starch carbohydrate per 100 g dry weight of the composition,
more preferably 0.1 to 2 g, even more preferably 0.2 to 1 g.
[0047] Optimally, the present nutrition comprises both the
galacto-oligosaccharides (for the human milk resemblance) and the
fruit-, vegetable- or cereal-based neutral, soluble, non-digestable
carbohydrate (as part of the adult diet). Furthermore, an increased
diversity of neutral soluble non-starch non-digestible
carbohydrates stimulates a wider population of beneficial
intestinal bacteria over a prolonged length of time in the colon.
Preferably the weight ratio galacto-oligosaccharides : vegetable-,
fruit- and/or cereal-based neutral, soluble, non-starch,
non-digestible carbohydrates is 49:1 to 1:49, more preferably 19:1
to 1:19, even more preferably 9:1 to 1:9, most preferably 3:1 to
1:3.
Insoluble Non-Digestible Carbohydrates
[0048] According to a further preferred embodiment, the present
composition comprises insoluble, non-digestible carbohydrates
(INC). Preferably the present composition comprises between 0.1 and
7.5 g INC per 100 g dry weight, more preferably between 0.2 and 3
g, even more preferably between 0.3 and 1 g. Preferably, the
present composition comprises is 5 to 95 wt. % INC based on total
fibre, more preferably 10 to 50 wt. %, even more preferably 10 to
25 wt. %.
[0049] Preferably, the present composition contains resistant
starch. Resistant starch is an INC that provides substrate for the
colon over a prolonged period of time. Upon fermentation of
resistant starch, high concentrations of butyrate are formed, which
are also is found in higher concentrations in the adult colon.
Butyrate has a beneficial effect on the gut barrier integrity.
Hence, the butyrate content in the infant's intestine needs to be
gradually increased to mature levels. Furthermore, the inclusion of
resistant starch blunts blood glucose levels.
[0050] Preferably, the present composition comprises 0.01 to 5 g
resistant starch per 100 g dry weight of the present composition,
more preferably 0.02 to 2 g, even more preferably 0.05 to 1 g.
Preferably the resistant starch is derived from cereals. The amount
of resistant starch in the composition can be determined by the
method described by AOAC 2002.02 and AACC 37; McCleary B V &
Monaghan D A (2002) Measurement of resistant starch. Journal of
AOAC International 85, 665-675. Preferably the resistant starch is
selected from starch derived from a cereal selected from the group
consisting of rice, maize and millet. A suitable source for
resistant starch is HI Maize 1043 from National Starch which is
derived from maize. Preferably, the present composition comprises 2
to 80 wt. % resistant starch based on total fibre, more preferably
5 to 40 wt. %, even more preferably 10 to 20 wt. %.
[0051] Preferably, the present composition further comprises
insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (hereinafter abbreviated to
INSP). INSP are part of the normal adult diet, but are not present
in breast milk. Hence, this fibre needs to be gradually introduced
in the intestinal system of the infant INSP improve bowel habits by
their water holding capacity. Preferably, the present composition
comprises 0.02 to 5 g INSP per 100 g dry weight of the present
composition, more preferably 0.05 to 2 g, even more preferably 0.1
to 1 g. Preferably, the present composition comprises 5 to 80 wt. %
INSP based on total fibre, more preferably 10 to 40 wt. %, even
more preferably 10 to 20 wt. %. Preferably the INSP is selected
from the group consisting of cellulose, insoluble soy
polysaccharides and hemi-cellulose. Preferably the cellulose and/or
hemicellulose used in the present composition is purified from oat,
rice, millet, corn, bamboo, and/or potatoes, most preferably oat.
Preferably the INSC is selected from the group consisting of oat
fibre, rice fibre, corn fibre, potato fibre, bamboo fibre and
millet fibre, most preferably oat fibre. In one embodiment the oat
fibre may alternatively be a soluble non-digestible
carbohydrate.
[0052] Preferably, the present composition comprises a mixture of
resistant starch and INSP, Preferably the composition comprises a
mixture of resistant starch and oat fibre.
Nutrients
[0053] It is preferred a sufficient amount of digestible
carbohydrates is administered to infants. Hence, preferably the
digestible carbohydrates in the present composition provide 30 to
90% of the total energy content, preferably 40 to 80%. The present
composition preferably comprises a combination of lactose, and
digestible plant-derived carbohydrates. Lactose is the main
carbohydrate source in infant milk while digestible plant
carbohydrates are a main source of carbohydrates in the adult diet.
The combination of lactose and digestible plant-derived
carbohydrate supports the transition period.
[0054] Infants in the age of 4 to 12 months generally have their
first milk teeth appearing. In order to prevent the formation of
dental caries, the present composition preferably comprises less
than 15 wt. % monosaccharide based on total weight of digestible
carbohydrate, preferably less than 10 wt. %, most preferably less
than 5 wt. %. The present composition preferably comprises between
40 and 70 wt. % disaccharide based on total weight of digestible
carbohydrate, including at least 10 wt. % lactose based on total
weight of digestible carbohydrate, preferably at least 40 wt. %
lactose. Preferably the lactose content does not exceed 70 wt. %
based on total weight of digestible carbohydrate, preferably the
lactose content does not exceed 60 wt. %. In addition to lactose
the present composition may e.g. include sucrose and/or maltose.
Preferably a high content of lactose is included as disaccharide,
since it results in attenuated blood glucose levels. Preferably
digestible starch and/or maltodextrin are present. Preferably
digestible starch is cereal-derived. Preferably, the digestible
starch comprises slowly digestible starch. Slowly digestible starch
is defined as starch which is converted to glucose between 20 and
12 minutes during in vitro digestion as described by Englyst et al.
1992, Eur. Clin. Nutr. 46 (Suppl. 2):S33-S50. The presence of
slowly digestible carbohydrates has an attenuating effect on blood
glucose, provides energy for a longer period of time, prolongs the
feelings of satiety and reduces feeling of hunger especially during
the night. Preferably the composition comprises at least 10 wt. %
slowly digestible starch based on total digestible starch, more
preferably at least 20 wt. %, even more preferably at least 30 wt.
%. Preferably, the amount of slowly digestible starch does not
exceed 70 wt. % based on total digestible starch.
[0055] Preferably the protein in the present composition provides 5
to 16% of the total energy of the present composition, more
preferably 8 to 12%. Preferably the present composition comprises a
protein selected from the group consisting of casein, whey, (skim)
milk protein, soy protein, pea protein, collagen, rice protein,
millet protein, teff protein, sorghum protein, potato protein and
corn protein. The present transition nutrition preferably comprises
a combination of animal protein and cereal protein. The weight
ratio animal milk protein:cereal protein is preferably 1:10 to
10:1.
[0056] In still a further embodiment, the fat in the present
composition preferably provides 1 to 40% of the total energy, more
preferably 15 to 35%, even more preferably 20 to 30%. The amount of
saturated fatty acids is preferably below 58 wt. % based on total
fatty acids, more preferably below 45 wt. %. The concentration of
monounsaturated fatty acids preferably ranges from 17 to 60% based
on weight of total fatty acids. The concentration of
polyunsaturated fatty acids in the present composition is
preferably between 11 and 36% based on weight of total fatty acids.
The fats are highly advantageous for the growth of the infant. The
essential fatty acids linolenic acid (LA; an omega 6 fatty acid)
and .alpha.-linolenic acid (ALA; an omega 3 fatty acid) preferably
are present in sufficient amounts and in a balanced ratio, since LA
and ALA deficiency and/or imbalance impair growth. The present
composition preferably comprises 1.8 to 12.0 wt. % LA based on dry
weight of the composition, and at least 0.30 wt. % ALA based on dry
weight of the composition. The weight ratio LA/ALA is preferably
between 5 and 15. Preferably the present composition comprises long
chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), more preferably
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and/or docosahexaertoic acid (DMA).
LC-PUFA provide a further acquaintance to ingredients in solid
food, and more importantly, provide the infant with appropriate
components for a good neurological development.
[0057] The present composition preferably has an increased caloric
density compared to human milk and/or liquid infant formula, which
is a further step towards solid nutrition. It is also important
that the present composition does not have an excessive caloric
density. Hence, preferably the caloric density is between 200 and
700 kcal/100 g dry weight, even more preferably between 300 and 600
kcal/100 g, most preferably between 350 and 500 kcal/100 g. In
terms of caloric content, the present composition preferably
comprises 5 to 16% protein; 1 to 40% fat; and 30 to 90% digestible
carbohydrates based on total calories, more preferably 8 to 12%
protein, 15 to 35% fat and 50 to 75% digestible carbohydrates. In
other words the present composition preferably comprises comprising
5 to 16 en. % protein, 30 to 90 en. % digestible carbohydrate and 1
to 40 en. % fat, more preferably 8 to 12 en. % protein, 50 to 75
en. % digestible carbohydrate and 15 to 35 en. % fat. The term en.
% is short for energy percentage and represents the relative amount
each constituent contributes to the total caloric value of the
composition. The present nutritional composition is particularly
suitable for feeding to an infant because it provides the infant
with the required nutrients.
[0058] Preferably, the composition comprises vitamins, minerals
and/or trace elements. Preferably the composition comprises 3 to 10
mg iron per 100 g dry weight. The iron suitably prevent anaemia.
Preferably of 1 to 3 mg zinc per 100 g dry weight of the
composition. Zinc stimulates the immune system, preparing the
infant for a more mature diet. The present composition preferably
comprises 50 to 150 .mu.g iodine per 100 g dry weight. This
prevents iodine deficiency disorders. The present composition
preferably comprises 300 to 500 mg calcium per 100 g dry weight of
the composition. This improves bone health. The standard diet of
infants aged 4 to 24 months is usually low in iron, iodine and
zinc. Hence the present composition also solves the above problems
which sometimes occur when the infant switches for breast milk to a
more mature diet.
Nutritional Composition
[0059] The present composition has a viscosity of between 150 and
100,000 mPas at 20.degree. C. and at a shear rate of 10 s.sup.-1,
preferably between 250 and 25,000 mPas, more preferably between 300
and 10,000 mPas, even more preferably between 500 and 10,000 mPas,
most preferably between 1000 and 10,000 mPas. The present
composition preferably has a semi-liquid and/or semi-solid
constitution. Solid food is still inappropriate for infants
changing from breast milk or infant liquid, because of the infant's
lack of teeth and its poor swallowing reflex. Semi-liquid in the
present invention refers to food products that have a viscosity
above 150 mPas, but are still pourable. Semi-solid in the present
invention refers to products that are still formable or spreadable
but not pourable, with a viscosity up to 100,000 mPas.
[0060] Whenever the term viscosity is used in the present document,
this refers to the physical parameter which is determined according
to the following method: Shear flow viscosities were determined in
a Paar Physika MCR 300 Modular Compact Rheometer. The instrument
was equipped with a concentric cylinder geometry with a diameter of
27 mm. A logarithmic shear rate ramp is used from 0.1 to 1000
s.sup.-1 in 20 minutes having 40 measurement points. Using the same
geometry viscosities can also be measured in shear flow at a
constant shear rate of 10 s.sup.-1 for 10 minutes. The rheometer's
thermostat is set on the appropriate temperature (i.e. 20.degree.
C.).
[0061] To prevent intestinal discomfort, the osmolarity of the
semi-liquid and/or semi-solid nutrition of the invention is
preferably between 300 and 600 mOsm/l, more preferably between 400
and 500 mOsm/l.
[0062] Preferably, the composition is in a ready-to-eat form, in
which the liquid is already present. This has the advantage that
the product needs only to be heated before consumption and has a
stable viscosity during consumption.
[0063] The present composition is preferably present in the form of
granules, flakes, puffs and/or shreds, more preferably
granules.
Powder
[0064] The present composition also relates to a powder composition
comprising: 10 to 99 wt. % cereal based on dry weight of the powder
composition; 1.0 to 30 wt. % fibre based on dry weight of the
powder composition; and 0.5 to 100 wt. % uronic acid carbohydrate
with a degree of polymerisation of 10 to 300 based on total
fibre.
[0065] Reconstitution of this powder with a liquid (preferably
water or milk) preferably yields the present composition with a
viscosity of between 150 and 100,000 mPas. Preferably 10 to 100 g
powder is reconstituted with 140 ml liquid (preferably water), more
preferably 14 to 80 g powder, even more preferably 30 to 65 g
powder, most preferably 40 to 60 g is reconstituted with 140 ml
liquid. Preferably, the liquid has a temperature of 30-70.degree.
C. upon mixing with the powder.
[0066] Hence, the present invention encompasses a packaging
containing the present powder composition, wherein the packaging
indicates that the powder composition is to be mixed with a
suitable amount of liquid.
[0067] Preferably the powder is in an agglomerated and/or
granulated form with an average particle size below 2 mm, more
preferably below 1 mm.
[0068] Preferably, the composition comprises milk protein, calcium,
lactose and fat. This has the advantage that the dried product can
be reconstituted with water instead of milk. Water advantageously
is more readily available and less prone to contamination than
milk. Preferably, the fat is of vegetable origin. This has the
advantage that a healthier product is obtained than when the dried
product is reconstituted with cow's milk comprising more saturated
fat.
Uses
[0069] The present composition is particularly useful for feeding
human infants. The present composition is particularly suitable for
feeding infants having the age of 4 to 36 months, more preferably
having an age of 4 to 18 months, even more preferably having an age
of 4 to 8 months, since that is the age by Which the diet of the
infant is starting to change. By administering present composition
gastrointestinal discomfort, such as bloating, abdominal pain,
flatulence, diarrhoea and constipation are avoided, while providing
in transition both the advantages of fibres available in breast
milk and the advantages of fibres for adults. The present fibre
mixture comprising medium chain uronic acid carbohydrates is
preferably composed in such a way that it enables a graduate change
from the fibres present in breast milk to the fibres present in the
mature diet. This fibre mixture is intermediate between the breast
milk fibres and mature diet fibres both in quality as in quantity.
The present composition can also suitably be used as clinical
nutrition, for sick humans with a fragile intestinal tract. Hence
in one embodiment the present composition is used in a method for
providing nutrition to elderly and/or hospitalised patients.
[0070] In a preferred embodiment the composition of the invention
is used prevent and/or treat diarrhoea and/or to prevent and/or
treat intestinal infections. The present composition has this
effect because of the beneficial effects of the fibre composition
of the invention on the intestinal flora and/or the preventive
effect on colon adhesion by pathogens. Preferably the present
composition comprises a soluble non-digestible carbohydrate
selected from the group consisting of galactooligosaccharides,
fructooligosaccharides and/or fructopolysaccharides.
[0071] In a preferred embodiment the composition of the invention
is used to prevent and/or treat constipation. Because of the water
holding capacity and/or the effects on the intestinal flora of the
fibre composition of the invention, the stool frequency is
increased and/or the stools have a softer consistency, thereby
preventing and/or treating constipation.
[0072] The fibre mixture of the present invention slows emptying of
the stomach and slows the release of glucose into the blood and/or
absorption of glucose in the small intestine. Preferably
nutritional composition of the present invention comprising the
fibre mixture including medium chain uronic acid carbohydrate is
used to attenuate blood glucose and/or insulin levels, prolong the
provision of energy, prolong the feeling of satiety, and/or improve
sleep by reducing feelings of hunger. In a preferred embodiment the
present invention is used to regulate blood glucose levels. In a
preferred embodiment the present invention is used to reduce the
post-prandial blood glucose increase. In a preferred embodiment the
present invention is used to prolong the feeling of satiety.
Similar terminology may be used on the packages such as reducing
glycaemic index, and/or slower release of glucose into the
blood.
Process
[0073] In a further aspect the present invention provides process
for the manufacture of a nutritional composition, comprising
admixing a) a powder comprising: 10 to 99 wt. % cereal based on dry
weight of the powder; 1 to 30 wt. % based fibre based on total dry
weight of the powder; and 5 to 100 wt. % uronic acid carbohydrate
with a degree of polymerisation of 10 to 300 based on total fibre;
and b) liquid. The mixing process preferably yields the present
nutritional composition as described above.
[0074] In this document and in its claims, the verb "to comprise"
and its conjugations is used in its non-limiting sense to mean that
items following the word are included, but items not specifically
mentioned are not excluded. In addition, reference to an element by
the indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude the possibility
that more than one of the element is present, unless the context
clearly requires that there be one and only one of the elements.
The indefinite article "a" or "an" thus usually means "at least
one".
Legend FIG. 1:
[0075] Blood glucose values (mmol/l) after consumption of cereal
comprising 25 g available carbohydrate with (o) or without
(.tangle-solidup.) a fibre mixture comprising oat fibre, medium
chain pectin, inulin and resistant starch.
EXAMPLE 1
Cereal Milk for Infants
[0076] A dry composition comprising skimmed milk powder,
demineralised whey powder, vegetable fat, rice flour and ground
corn, glucose, fructose, maltodextrin, fibre mixture, others
(minerals, trace elements, vitamins flavours).
[0077] The composition comprises 67.9 g digestible carbohydrates
per 100 g: [0078] 13.5 g glucose [0079] 4.7 g fructose [0080] 21.4
g lactose [0081] 0.5 g digestible polysaccharides (maltodextrin)
[0082] 27.6 g starch
[0083] The composition comprises 2.2 g of the dietary fibre mixture
per 100 g: [0084] 2.1 wt. % medium chain pectin (from Ultra low
viscosity pectin, Obipektin AG) [0085] 47.9 wt. % inulin (from
Raftiline ST, Orafti) [0086] 8.1 wt. % resistant starch (from HI
Maize 1043, National Starch) [0087] 41.9 wt. % Oat Fibre (Vitacel
Haferfaser HF 600-30, JRS)
[0088] Additionally the composition comprises 1.1 g fibre present
in the cereal component. 26 g of the powder is reconstituted with
75 ml water, yielding about 100 ml. The viscosity at 20.degree. C.
and at a shear rate of 10 s.sup.-1 at is about 8500 mPas.
Example 2
[0089] 10 healthy adult volunteers consumed, in a cross over
design, the cereal composition of example 1, reconstituted with
water, comprising 25 g available, digestible carbohydrate and 1.2 g
fibre (0.87 g deriving from the fibre mixture, 0.435 g fibre
deriving from the cereal component) or a similar cereal composition
but without the fibre mixture, reconstituted with water, comprising
25 g available, digestible carbohydrate and 0.435 g fibre deriving
from the cereal. As a control 25 g glucose was consumed by the
volunteers on a different day. Consumption of cereals or glucose
occurred in the morning after overnight fasting. Blood glucose
levels were determined at 5 minutes before consumption, at t=0,
t=15, t=30, t=45, t=60, t=90 and t=120 min. Results are shown in
FIG. 1 and table 1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Average Incremental Area under the curve
(IAUC) of Blood Glucose after Consumption of Glucose, Cereals with
a Fibre Mixture or Cereals without Fibre Mixture. IAUC Test IAUC 25
g product Glucose Glucose mmol/l mmol/l Index (sd) (sd) (GI) Value
Classification.sup.a Control cereals 80 (10) 131 (18) 64 (5) Medium
N = 9* Cereals with 58 (10) 131 (18) 43 (5) Low fibre mixture N =
9* *1 set of data excluded as 2 s.d outside the mean .sup.aLow GI
<55, medium GI 55-70, high GI >70
[0090] Table 1 and FIG. 1 show that consumption of the cereal
mixture comprising the fibre mixture of the present invention
results in a lowered post-prandial blood glucose peak and
concentration (IAUC) compared to control cereals without the fibre
mixture. These results are statistically significant at t=30, t=45
and t=90 minutes. The cereal mixture of the present invention
comprising the fibre mixture can be classified as a low GI food.
The results are surprising since even in the presence of a high
amount of glucose containing digestible carbohydrates, a relatively
small amount of fibre was able to blunt blood glucose levels. These
results are indicative for the beneficial effect of the present
invention on regulation of blood glucose, decreasing post-prandial
blood glucose levels, and/or prolonging the release of energy.
* * * * *