U.S. patent application number 13/817297 was filed with the patent office on 2013-10-17 for safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel structure.
The applicant listed for this patent is CCCC First Highway Consultants Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Shan Gao, Shengjin Ge, Ming Huo, Shilin Liu, Jin Meng, Changping Pan, Zeyou Peng, Ruixin Sun, Wei Wang, Zhihua Xiong.
Application Number | 20130270754 13/817297 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 43452755 |
Filed Date | 2013-10-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20130270754 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Huo; Ming ; et al. |
October 17, 2013 |
SAFETY PROTECTION APPARATUS OF ELASTIC-PLASTIC STEEL STRUCTURE
Abstract
A safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel structure
is disclosed. The apparatus includes an outer protecting layer (4)
and buffering assemblies arranged in a layered manner along the
vertical direction and fixed within the outer protecting layer (4).
Each buffering assembly includes stiffening beams (3) distributed
in a layered manner along the horizontal direction and buffer
members (2) uniformly bridging between adjacent stiffening beams
(3), and each of said buffer members (2) comprises a pair of
arc-shaped damping spokes (1). Shock absorbing rubber elements (5)
are provided between vertically adjacent stiffening beams (3). The
apparatus has high safety, good durability, and it is convenient to
be installed and maintained.
Inventors: |
Huo; Ming; (Shaanxi, CN)
; Liu; Shilin; (Shaanxi, CN) ; Ge; Shengjin;
(Shaanxi, CN) ; Peng; Zeyou; (Shaanxi, CN)
; Wang; Wei; (Shaanxi, CN) ; Pan; Changping;
(Shaanxi, CN) ; Xiong; Zhihua; (Shaanxi, CN)
; Sun; Ruixin; (Shaanxi, CN) ; Meng; Jin;
(Shaanxi, CN) ; Gao; Shan; (Shaanxi, CN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
CCCC First Highway Consultants Co., Ltd. |
Shaanxi |
|
CN |
|
|
Family ID: |
43452755 |
Appl. No.: |
13/817297 |
Filed: |
October 8, 2010 |
PCT Filed: |
October 8, 2010 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/CN2010/001566 |
371 Date: |
June 10, 2013 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
267/140 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E01F 15/141
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
267/140 |
International
Class: |
E01F 15/14 20060101
E01F015/14 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Aug 16, 2010 |
CN |
201010253896.6 |
Claims
1. A safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure, including an outer protecting layer (4) and buffering
assemblies arranged in a layered manner along the vertical
direction and fixed within the outer protecting layer (4), wherein
each buffering assembly includes stiffening beams (3) distributed
in a layered manner along the horizontal direction and buffer
members (2) uniformly bridging between adjacent stiffening beams
(3), each of said buffer members (2) comprises a pair of arc-shaped
damping spokes (1) fastened to each other, one end of one of the
damping spokes is crossed with one end of the other damping spoke;
said buffer members (2) of adjacent buffering assemblies are
arranged in a stagger manner with each other along the vertical
direction, and shock absorbing rubber elements (5) are provided
between vertically adjacent stiffening beams (3), wherein
vertically adjacent shock absorbing rubber elements (5) are
arranged in a stagger manner with each other.
2. The safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure according to claim 1, wherein said buffer members (2) are
provided on both the upper side and the lower side of said
stiffening beam (3), and the buffer members (2) on the upper side
are arranged in a stagger manner along the vertical direction
relative to those on the lower side.
3. The safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure according to claim 1, wherein the crossed ends of said
pair of damping spokes (1) are connected with outer horizontal
stiffening beam (2), while the other ends are connected with
adjacent inner horizontal stiffening beam (3).
4. The safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure according to claim 1, wherein a dustproof cover board (7)
is provided on the top of said outer protecting layer (4).
5. The safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure according to claim 1, wherein suspended draglines (6) are
provided on the outer horizontal stiffening beam (3) of top
buffering assembly.
6. The safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure according to claim 3, wherein said damping spoke (1) is
made from elastic-plastic mild steel.
7. The safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure according to claim 6, wherein said damping spoke (1) has
a longitudinal cross section of C shape, semi-ellipse shape, or
nonlinear arc shape.
8. The safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure according to claim 7, wherein said stiffening beam (3) is
connected with the damping spoke (1) via pins or rivets.
9. The safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure according to claim 3, wherein said outer protecting layer
(4) is made by high-ductile steel plate with vulcanized rubber
thereon.
10. The safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure according to claim 8, wherein the transverse cross
section of the outer protecting layer (4) is of a closed shape or a
linear shape.
11. The safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure according to claim 2, wherein the crossed ends of said
pair of damping spokes (1) are connected with outer horizontal
stiffening beam (2), while the other ends are connected with
adjacent inner horizontal stiffening beam (3).
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of structure
protection in the operation of bridges and buildings, and more
specifically relates to a safety protection apparatus, in
particular a safety protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel
structure.
Technical Background
[0002] Traffic safety is not satisfactory in China for a long time.
On numerous critical structures that may affect the public
transportation safety, no protection apparatuses for isolating or
mitigating the impacts of vehicles, such as cars or ships, are
provided, which directly threatens the safety of lives and
properties. However, as the traffic volume in China increases
rapidly, the contradictions between cars or ships and the
surrounding buildings near roads or rivers become more and more
significant. Accidents of cars or ships crashing into bridge piers
or surrounding buildings happen at times, resulting in collapse of
bridge piers or building structures, destroy of cars or ships and
casualty of human in serious cases. The reason is supposed to be
that the direct impact between cars or ships and the surrounding
structures is a rigid collision, during which extremely serious
injuries will occur since no energy releasing or isolating devices
are provided.
[0003] In order to solve such problems, some protection measures
such as increasing the structural sizes of bridge piers or adopting
simple protection devices, e.g., steel tube fences or bumper piles,
have already been used, which to some extent ensure the structural
safety of bridge piers. However, such devices are far from
satisfying in respect of aesthetics and practical applicability.
And above all, since the impact between cars or ships and the
protection devices is still rigid collision, it is not possible to
alleviate the harm towards the vehicles or humans from the impact
without effective release of the energy.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a safety
protection apparatus of elastic-plastic steel structure with
high-efficient energy releasing ability in order to solve the
problems existing in the prior arts, e.g., the energy of collision
cannot be released effectively when rigid impacts occur between
cars or ships and important surrounding building structures or
bridge piers so that it is unable to alleviate the harm from the
impacts towards vehicles or humans.
[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior arts,
the present invention provides a safety protection apparatus of
elastic-plastic steel structure, including an outer protecting
layer and buffering assemblies arranged in a layered manner along
the vertical direction and fixed within the outer protecting
layer,
[0006] wherein each buffering assembly includes stiffening beams
distributed in a layered manner along the horizontal direction and
buffer members uniformly bridging between adjacent stiffening
beams,
[0007] each of said buffer members comprises a pair of arc-shaped
damping spokes fastened to each other, one end of one of the
damping spokes is crossed with one end of the other damping
spoke;
[0008] said buffer members of adjacent buffering assemblies are
arranged in a stagger manner with each other along the vertical
direction, and
[0009] shock absorbing rubber elements are provided between
vertically adjacent stiffening beams, wherein vertically adjacent
shock absorbing rubber elements are arranged in a stagger manner
with each other.
[0010] The crossed ends of said pair of damping spokes are
connected with outer horizontal stiffening beam, while the other
ends are connected with adjacent inner horizontal stiffening
beam.
[0011] Said buffer members are provided on both the upper side and
the lower side of said stiffening beams, and the buffer members on
the upper side are arranged in a stagger manner along the vertical
direction relative to those on the lower side.
[0012] A dustproof cover board is provided on the top of said outer
protecting layer.
[0013] Suspended draglines are provided on the outer horizontal
stiffening beam of the top buffering assembly.
[0014] Said damping spoke is made from elastic-plastic mild steel,
and has a longitudinal cross section of C shape, semi-ellipse
shape, nonlinear arc shape or the like.
[0015] Said stiffening beam is connected with the damping spoke via
pins or rivets.
[0016] Said outer protecting layer is made by high-ductile steel
plate with vulcanized rubber thereon, and the transverse cross
section of the outer protecting layer is of a closed shape or a
linear shape.
[0017] Compared with the prior arts, the present invention
possesses the following advantages and technical effects.
[0018] 1. Compared with conventional collision-prevention devices,
the safety protection apparatus according to the present invention
provides a flexible outer protecting layer, damping spokes and
shock absorbing rubber elements as energy releasing materials for
collision, which, through connection with annular stiffening beams
one of which being nested into the other, forms an elastic-plastic
energy releasing apparatus with a high integrity. When it is hit by
a car or a ship, the safety protection apparatus can prolong the
duration of collision, release the energy from the collision and
reduce the impact force via the elastic-plastic deformation of the
damping spokes. Due to the integral effectiveness of the outer
protecting layer and the stiffening beams, more damping spokes will
be subjected to the impact force, in particular in the case of side
collision. Therefore, the force can be transmitted farther, thus
increasing the area for receiving the impact force, dispersing the
impact force and achieving a more uniform stress condition.
[0019] 2. The present invention provides a multilevel protection,
which includes a three-level energy releasing protection structure
with a light collision protection level, an intermediate collision
protection level and a strong collision protection level. In the
case of the light collision, the outer protecting layer and the
damping spokes of the safety protection apparatus function together
to generate a deformation which will consume energy, but the
elastic-plastic steel is substantially in a stage of elastic
deformation or only generates a relatively low plastic deformation.
In the case of the intermediate collision, the outer protecting
layer and the steel damping spokes of the safety protection
apparatus function together to generate a deformation which
consumes energy, wherein the damping spokes are deformed
plastically to a relatively large extent. However, the displacement
caused by the collision is still less than the gap between the
outer stiffening beams and the shock absorbing rubber elements.
Consequently, the outer stiffening beams cannot contact with the
shock absorbing rubber elements. In the case of the strong
collision, the safety protection apparatus generates a large
displacement, enabling the outer stiffening beams to contact the
shock absorbing rubber elements. In this case, the safety
protection apparatus can release energy through the deformation of
the outer protecting layer and the stiffening beams, the plastic
deformation of the damping spokes, and the compressing deformation
of the shock absorbing rubber elements all together. In this way,
the duration of collision is effectively prolonged, and the impact
force is lowered significantly. Although the damping spokes
generate a large plastic deformation, the displacement limit of the
structural design would not be exceeded due to the shock absorbing
rubber elements provided to achieve a final limit protection and
energy releasing function. Therefore, no breakdown of the damping
spokes will happen, and thus the integral function of buffering
collision of the safety protection apparatus is ensured. In
addition, the impact force can be applied to the bridge piers more
uniformly due to the existence of the shock absorbing rubber
elements, and the bridge piers are better protected.
[0020] 3. In the case of a side collision, the outer stiffening
beam and the elastic-plastic steel can rotate to a certain extent
during the collision due to the pin joint between the
elastic-plastic steel and the outer stiffening beam, so that the
impact point of the cars or ships will change, with the result that
most of the kinetic energy of the cars or ships will be retained on
the cars or ships, keeping the cars and ships away from the bridge
piers or the building structures without being stuck. In this way,
the energy exchange during the collision of cars or ships with the
bridge piers or the building structures is considerably reduced,
thus protecting the bridge piers or building structure.
[0021] 4. The upper and lower layers of the damping spokes are
arranged in a stagger way with each other and connected to the
stiffening beams in a symmetrical structure. Therefore, the stress
condition in collisions from different directions is also
symmetrical. Thus the protection effect in the case of collisions
from various directions can be ensured.
[0022] 5. In the safety protection apparatus according to the
invention, the bottom is separated from the ground. In order to
support the safety protection apparatus along the vertical
direction, the safety protection apparatus is provided with
suspended draglines on the top thereof. The draglines can restrict
the deformation of the outer stiffening beams of the safety
protection apparatus along the vertical direction, thus mitigating
the effect of collision. Compared with the design of connecting the
bottom of the safety protection apparatus to the ground, wherein
wastes will easily accumulate at the bottom of the protection
apparatus and thus influence on cleaning and the effect of slipping
of the safety protection apparatus after being subjected to the
impact force, the design of adopting suspended draglines is
especially advantageous for the deformation and maintenance of the
safety protection apparatus.
[0023] 6. The inner stiffening beam of the safety protection
apparatus according to the invention is mounted to surround the
bridge piers or the building structures with no damages being
generated thereto. Therefore, the safety protection apparatus can
be used in a variety of applications. The stiffening beams, the
steel damping spokes and the shock absorbing rubber elements of the
safety protection apparatus are all designed as modular units, and
are connected via pins and rivets, thus achieving an easier mount,
maintenance and replacement. Since only the damaged elements in
some particular locations are required to be replaced after a
strong collision, the cost of repair and maintenance is low.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0024] FIG. 1 schematically shows the top view of structure of the
elastic-plastic steel damping spoke according to the invention.
[0025] FIG. 2 shows the front view of structure of the one-layer
safety protection apparatus of Example 1.
[0026] FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show top views of structure of the
one-layer safety protection apparatus of Example 1.
[0027] FIG. 6 shows the front view of structure of the
multiple-layer safety protection apparatus of Example 2.
[0028] FIG. 7 shows the top view of structure of the multiple-layer
safety protection apparatus of Example 2.
[0029] FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 show top views of structure of the
interchange triangular area with the safety protection apparatus of
Example 3, wherein FIG. 8 shows the rear part of the interchange
triangular area, FIG. 9 shows the front part of the interchange
triangular area, and FIG. 10 schematically shows the guiding lines
of the interchange triangular area.
[0030] FIG. 11 shows the front view of structure of the draglines
and the cover board of the safety protection apparatus of Example
4.
[0031] FIG. 12 shows the top view of structure of the dragline and
the cover board of the safety protection apparatus of Example
4.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0032] The invention will be discussed in detail with reference to
the attached drawings and examples below.
[0033] FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 show a safety protection apparatus of
elastic-plastic steel structure, which includes an outer protecting
layer 4 and buffering assemblies arranged in a layered manner along
the vertical direction and fixed within the outer protecting layer
4. Each buffering assembly includes stiffening beams 3 distributed
in a layered manner along the horizontal direction, and buffer
members 2 uniformly arranged and bridging between adjacent
stiffening beams 3. The buffer members 2 are provided on both the
upper side and the lower side of the stiffening beam 3, and the
buffer member 2 on the upper side of the stiffening beam 3 is
arranged in a stagger manner along the vertical direction relative
that on the lower side of the stiffening beams 3. Each of the
buffer members 2 is in the form of a pair of arc-shaped damping
spokes 1 fastened to each other, and one end of one damping spoke 1
is crossed with one end of the other. The damping spoke 1 is made
from elastic-plastic mild steel, and has a longitudinal cross
section with C shape, semi-ellipse shape, nonlinear arc shape or
the like. When there is a collision, the duration of collision can
be prolonged, the energy from the collision can be released and the
impact force can be reduced via the plastic deformation of the
damping spokes. Shock absorbing rubber elements 5 are provided
between two vertically adjacent stiffening beams 3 of adjacent
buffering assemblies. The shock absorbing rubber elements 5 are
arranged between adjacent stiffening beams 3 and connected thereto,
and snugly surround the bridge pier 8 or connect thereto via
rivets. Vertically adjacent shock absorbing rubber elements 5 are
arranged in a stagger manner with each other. Said outer protecting
layer 4 is made by a high ductile steel plate with vulcanized
rubber thereon. The horizontal cross section of the outer
protecting layer 4 can be of a closed shape, such as an oval, a
racetrack, a circle, a rectangle or other planar shapes, although
it can also be a linear shape, such as a line, an arc. The shape of
the horizontal cross section of the outer protecting layer 4 is
similar with the profile of a bridge pier. A dustproof cover board
7, which can prevent dusts, rain or snow from entering into the
protection apparatus, is provided on the top buffering assembly of
the protecting outer layer 4. Suspended draglines 6 are provided on
the outer horizontal stiffening beam 3 of the top buffering
assembly. The protection apparatus can be suspended and connected
to the upper part of the bridge pier 8 by the suspended draglines
6, so that slide and rotation of the safety protection apparatus
are allowable.
[0034] During construction, according to the invention, the
innermost stiffening beams 3 are used to embrace around the bridge
pier 8 tightly via bolts. The elastic-plastic steel damping spokes
1 connect the inner stiffening beam 3 with the corresponding outer
stiffening beam 3 into a whole body via connecting pins. The
outermost stiffening beam 3 on the top layer is suspended and
connected to the bridge pier 8 via the suspended draglines 6. The
dustproof cover board 7 is finally arranged on top of the
protecting outer layer 4.
Example 1
[0035] As is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the outer protecting layer
4 of Example 1 eight buffering assemblies are arranged along the
vertical direction surrounding the bridge pier 8. The horizontal
cross section of the outer protecting layer 4 is circular. Each
buffering assembly includes two stiffening beams 3 of annular
shape, one horizontally nested within the other. Buffer members 2
are arranged uniformly on the upper side and the lower side of two
stiffening beams 3 along the vertical direction. Adjacent buffer
members 2 are arranged in a stagger manner, with the crossed end
and the other end of each buffer member 2 being connected with the
outer and inner horizontal stiffening beam 3 respectively. The
inner horizontal stiffening beam 3 embraces the bridge pier 8
tightly. Shock absorbing rubber elements 5 are connected with two
vertically adjacent inner stiffening beams 3, and surround the
bridge pier 8 tightly via rivets. The outer horizontal stiffening
beam 3 of each buffering assembly is fixed to the inner wall of the
outer protecting layer 4. Suspended draglines 6 are provided on the
outer horizontal stiffening beam 3 of the top buffering assembly.
The suspended draglines 6 are connected to the upper part of the
bridge pier 8, and thus maintain the bottom buffering assembly
separated from the ground. The dustproof cover board 7 is arranged
on the top of the outer protecting layer 4.
[0036] As shown in FIG. 4, the horizontal cross section of the
outer protecting layer 4 is of a racetrack shape, which is
different from that shown in FIG. 2. Accordingly, the corresponding
stiffening beam 3 is also of a corresponding racetrack shape.
[0037] As shown in FIG. 5, the horizontal cross section of the
outer protecting layer 4 is of a rectangular shape, which is
different from that shown in FIG. 2. Accordingly, the corresponding
stiffening beam 3 is also of a corresponding rectangular shape,
with four corner areas being rounded smoothly. The buffering
assemblies are uniformly arranged between adjacent stiffening beams
3 and connected thereto.
Example 2
[0038] As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the outer protecting layer 4
of Example 2 eight buffering assemblies are arranged along the
vertical direction. The horizontal cross section of the outer
protecting layer 4 is circular, and that of the stiffening beam 3
is annular accordingly. Each buffering assembly includes three
stiffening beams 3, one horizontally nested within another in turn.
The innermost horizontal stiffening beam 3 embraces the bridge pier
8 tightly. Similar with the connection between the buffer member 2
and the stiffening beam 3 in Example 1, in Example 2 the innermost
stiffening beam 3 is connected with the intermediate stiffening
beam 3 through buffer members 2, while the intermediate stiffening
beam 3 is in turn connected with the outermost stiffening beam 3
through buffer members 2. The crossed ends of the buffer members 2
are located towards the outside in each case. Shock absorbing
rubber elements 5 are arranged between vertically adjacent inner
stiffening beams 3, in which adjacent shock absorbing rubber
elements 5 are arranged in a stagger manner along the vertical
direction. The shock absorbing rubber elements 5 are connected with
the innermost stiffening beams 3 at the upper and lower sides, and
surround the bridge pier 8 tightly via rivets. Suspended draglines
6 are provided on the outermost horizontal stiffening beam 3 of the
top buffering assembly. The suspended draglines 6 are connected to
the upper part of the bridge pier 8. The dustproof cover board 7 is
arranged on the top of the outer protecting layer 4, which can be,
but not limited to, of circular shape.
Example 3
[0039] As shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, the protection apparatus in
Example 3 is designed mainly for interchange triangular zone. The
interchange triangular zone, a diverging site for vehicles and more
possibly hit by vehicles, includes a front protecting column 9 and
a rear protecting mound 10. As shown in FIG. 9, the front
protecting column 9 is cylindrical, and the safety protection
apparatus arranged thereon surrounds the front end of the
protecting column 9 (against the direction in which cars drive)
half around. The outer protecting layer 4 of the safety protection
apparatus has a semi-circular cross section. Each buffering
assembly inside the outer protecting layer 4 includes three
stiffening beams 3, which are arranged from inside to outside
horizontally and are shaped as semi-circular accordingly. Three
stiffening beams 3 are connected with each other in sequence via
buffer members 2. Shock absorbing rubber elements 5 are arranged
between vertically adjacent stiffening beams 3 and connected
thereto, and surround the protecting column 9. In addition, the
bottom of the outer protecting layer 4 can be directly buried or
fixed to the road surface, or fixed to the substrate on the road
surface at its lower end through fasteners.
[0040] In this case, no suspended draglines 6 are necessary. As
seen from FIG. 8, the rear protecting mound 10 includes a wall body
having a rectangular cross section and a semi-cylinder connected
thereto. Therefore, the outer protecting layer 4 of the safety
protection apparatus has a U-shaped cross section. As for the
semi-cylinder, the stiffening beams 3 therein are also shaped as
semi-circular correspondingly. Due to the smaller diameter of the
semi-cylinder, the semi-cylinder is provided with four stiffening
beams 3, each adjacent two of them being connected with each other
through buffer members 2. As for the wall body which is relatively
wider than the semi-cylinder, two stiffening beams 3 are provided
on both sides, which may be hit, of the wall body of the protecting
mound 10, and are connected thereto through buffer members 2.
Moreover, two inner stiffening beams 3 are connected together to
form one single body. Finally, shock absorbing rubber elements 5
are arranged between vertically adjacent inner stiffening beams 3
respectively. During high speed collision, the car will first hit
the safety protection apparatus on the front protecting column 9.
Even though the front protection apparatus is damaged due to the
high speed collision by the car and thus the car unavoidably hits
the safety protection apparatus on the rear protecting mound 10,
the speed of the car will be reduced rapidly due to a considerably
long time period of collision. In addition, the rear protection
apparatus can also consume the energy from the collision through
deformation, and thus the final impact force is lowered enough such
that the interchange triangular zone can resist. Therefore, the
peak load during collision can be effectively eliminated, and the
damage of vehicles and structures hit in collision can be
effectively avoided or mitigated, while the collision towards
structures is buffered.
Example 4
[0041] As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the outermost stiffening beam 3
of the top buffering assembly of the safety protection apparatus in
Example 4 is suspended from and connected to the bridge pier 8
through suspended draglines 6. The suspended draglines 6 can hang
up the whole safety protection apparatus through the firm
connection between the outermost stiffening beam 3 and the outer
protecting layer 4. As regard to some stand columns which are
similar to bridge piers, different landscape decorations 11 can be
provided on the top thereof to improve the appearance of the
columns For example, a landscape decoration showing carps jumping
over the dragon gate can be adopted, and the suspended draglines 6
can be connected thereto. To facilitate mount and replacement, the
dustproof cover board 7 provided on the top side of the outer
protecting layer 4 can be designed as an individual modular unit,
which can be connected with the outer protecting layer 4 via
aluminium rivets. The aluminium rivets will be sheared off when a
collision occurs, and the dustproof cover board 7 will be collapsed
without affecting the deformation of the protection apparatus. In
addition, the edges of the dustproof cover board 7 are smoothly
curled so that no acute angle is present at the collision area.
Therefore, the impact range is expanded, and the safety of cars and
ships are effectively ensured.
[0042] The present invention is not limited to the above discussed
examples. Structures similar to bridge piers 8, protecting columns
9, protecting mounds 10 and the like that require protection are
considered suitable for use of the safety protection apparatus of
the invention.
REFERENCE LIST
[0043] 1. damping spoke
[0044] 2. buffer member
[0045] 3. stiffening beam
[0046] 4. outer protecting layer
[0047] 5. shock absorbing rubber element
[0048] 6. suspended dragline
[0049] 7. dustproof cover board
[0050] 8. bridge pier
[0051] 9. protecting column
[0052] 10. protecting mound
[0053] 11. Landscape decoration
* * * * *